2026届高三英语上学期阅读完形专项训练19

2026届高三英语 2026届高三英语 ( English Assignment ) ( 高三上 阅读完形专项训练19 --历史、社会、文化 ) 第1部分 阅读 第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A (2021 全国乙卷B) When almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline (座机)? These days you’d be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn’t own a mobile phone. In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere anytime. Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter (29%) rely only on their smartphones according to a survey (调查). Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that it’s not really necessary and they’re keeping it as a security blanket — 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category. More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone. Age is naturally a factor (因素)— only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then, compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who’ve perhaps had the same home number for 50 years. Age isn’t the only factor; I’d say it’s also to do with the makeup of your household. Generation Xers with young families, like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone (using Caller ID would take the fun out of it). How attached are you to your landline? How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries? 1. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobile phones? A. Their target users. B. Their wide popularity. C. Their major functions. D. Their complex design. 2. What does the underlined word “concede” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Admit. B. Argue. C. Remember. D. Remark. 3. What can we say about Baby Boomers? A. They like smartphone games. B. They enjoy guessing callers’ identity. C. They keep using landline phones. D. They are attached to their family. 4. What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph? A. It remains a family necessity. B. It will fall out of use some day. C. It may increase daily expenses. D. It is as important as the gas light. B (2021 全国乙卷D) During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often. Annoyed by the level of distraction (干扰) in his open office, he said, “That’s why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street — so I can focus”. His comment struck me as strange. After all, coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout (布局). But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works. The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking. They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background, from total silence to 50 decibels (分贝), 70 decibels, and 85 decibels. The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; however, the participants in the 70 decibels group — those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop — significantly outperformed the other groups. Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise. But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background noise — not too loud and not total silence — may actually improve one’s creative thinking ability. The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander, without making it impossible to focus. This kind of “distracted focus” appears to be the best state for working on creative tasks. So why do so many of us hate our open offices? The problem may be that, in our offices, we can’t stop ourselves from getting drawn into others’ conversations while we’re trying to focus. Indeed, the researchers found that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect the creative process, and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions. 5. Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking space? A. It helps him concentrate. B. It blocks out background noise. C. It has a pleasant atmosphere. D. It encourages face-to-face interactions. 6. Which level of background noise may promote creative thinking ability? A. Total silence. B. 50 decibels C. 70 decibels. D. 85 decibels. 7. What makes an open office unwelcome to many people? A. Personal privacy unprotected. B. Limited working space. C. Restrictions on group discussion. D. Constant interruptions. 8. What can we infer about the author from the text? A. He’s a news reporter. B. He’s an office manager. C. He’s a professional designer. D. He’s a published writer. C(2024年北京卷D) Franz Boas’s description of Inuit (因纽特人) life in the 19th century illustrates the probable moral code of early humans. Here, norms (规范) were unwritten and rarely expressed clearly, but were well understood and taken to heart. Dishonest and violent behaviours were disapproved of; leadership, marriage and interactions with other groups were loosely governed by traditions. Conflict was often resolved in musical battles. Because arguing angrily leads to chaos, it was strongly discouraged. With life in the unforgiving Northern Canada being so demanding, the Inuit’s practical approach to morality made good sense. The similarity of moral virtues across cultures is striking, even though the relative ranking of the virtues may vary with a social group’s history and environment. Typically, cruelty and cheating are discouraged, while cooperation, humbleness and courage are praised. These universal norms far pre-date the concept of any moralising religion or written law. Instead, they are rooted in the similarity of basic human needs and our shared mechanisms for learning and problem solving. Our social instincts (本能) include the intense desire to belong. The approval of others is rewarding, while their disapproval is strongly disliked. These social emotions prepare our brains to shape our behaviour according to the norms and values of our family and our community. More generally, social instincts motivate us to learn how to behave in a socially complex world. The mechanism involves a repurposed reward system originally used to develop habits important for self-care. Our brains use the system to acquire behavioural patterns regarding safe routes home, efficient food gathering and dangers to avoid. Good habits save time, energy and sometimes your life. Good social habits do something similar in a social context. We learn to tell the truth, even when lying is self-serving; we help a grandparent even when it is inconvenient. We acquire what we call a sense of right and wrong. Social benefits are accompanied by social demands: we must get along, but not put up with too much. Hence self-discipline is advantageous. In humans, a greatly enlarged brain boosts self-control, just as it boosts problem-solving skills in the social as well as the physical world. These abilities are strengthened by our capacity for language, which allows social practices to develop in extremely unobvious ways. 9. What can be inferred about the forming of the Inuit’s moral code? A. Living conditions were the drive. B. Unwritten rules were the target. C. Social tradition was the basis. D. Honesty was the key. 10. What can we learn from this passage? A. Inconveniences are the cause of telling lies. B. Basic human needs lead to universal norms. C. Language capacity is limited by self-control. D. Written laws have great influence on virtues. 11. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. Virtues: Bridges Across Cultures B. The Values of Self-discipline C. Brains: Walls Against Chaos D. The Roots of Morality 第二节 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 （2021全国甲卷） Swap, Don’t shop! You keep hearing about recycling, right? But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources（资源）to make, and buying loads of new clothing（or throwing out old clothing）is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor? ____12____. It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time. A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers. ●Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. ____13____ , and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable. ●____14____. They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their "new" clothes home. ●Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.____15____. Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on. ●Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever. ___16____. And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party! A. Less people than that B. Hold a clothing swap C. If two people are competing D. Just keep music playing throughout E. Donate whatever clothes are left over F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition 第二部分 语言运用 第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项（2021新高考Ⅰ卷） My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory. My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, ____1____ little bunny (兔子) cakes for all its ____2____throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for ____3____ help during our spring break, for which I had no____4____ beyond listening to my favorite records. I’d ____5____ minimum wage. I’d see how a factory____6____. My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their ____7____. Our____8____in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose.____9____ bunny from the belt. This was ______10______ than it sounds.______11______ a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d ______12______ . Dad _____13_____. The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood______14______ food in Benardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you______15______ the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me. 1. A. sold B. ordered C. made D. reserved 2. A. stores B. families C. schools D. citizens 3. A. generous B. financial C. technical D. temporary 4. A. plans B. problems C. excuses D. hobbies 5. A. offer B. earn C. set D. suggest 6. A. worked B. closed C. developed D. survived 7. A. ambition B. permission C. experience D. invitation 8. A. joys B. ideas C. roles D. choices 9. A. Save B. Keep C. Stop D. Remove 10. A. harder B. better C. longer D. cheaper 11. A. Calm down B. Slow down C. Stay on D. Move on 12. A. indicated B. witnessed C. expected D. remembered 13. A. cried B. smiled C. hesitated D. refused 14. A. tasting B. finding C. sharing D. delivering 15. A. withdraw B. donate C. receive D. appreciate 第二节阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021全国乙卷） Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact (影响) travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ___1___ (educate) about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the ___2___(develop) of the local areas. Ecotourism has ___3___(it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept ___4___ the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable. Due to ___5___ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types ___6___ trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles: ·Minimize the impact of ___7___(visit) the place. ·Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices. ·Provide ___8___(finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples. ·Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts. Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity.___9___(activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim _____10_____(have) a low impact on the natural environment. 高三上 阅读完型专项训练19 --历史、社会、文化答案 2021 全国乙卷B 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 2021 全国乙卷D 【答案】5. A 6. C 7. D 8. D 2024年北京卷D 【答案】9. A 10. B 11. D 2021全国甲卷 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. G 15. F 16. D 2021新高考Ⅰ卷【答案】 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. D 2021全国新高考Ⅱ卷 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 【答案】1. educated 2. development 3. its 4. until 5. the 6. of 7. visiting 8. financial 9. Activities 10. to have 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$