2026届高三英语上学期阅读完形专项训练17

2026届高三英语 2026届高三英语 ( English Assignment ) ( 高三上 阅读完形专项训练17--历史、社会、文化 ) A(2021年全国甲卷D) Who is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries. Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for genius. But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us? And who are they? In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European origin. Perhaps this is not a surprise. It's said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others. A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender(性别)are “really, really smart.” Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.” Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up? It doesn't take a genius to know the answer: absolutely not. Here's the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素)like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.” 1. What does the author think of victors' standards for joining the genius club? A. They're unfair. B. They're conservative. C. They're objective. D. They're strict. 2. What can we infer about girls from the study in Science? A. They think themselves smart. B. They look up to great thinkers. C. They see gender differences earlier than boys. D. They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs 3. Why are more geniuses known to the public? A. Improved global communication. B. Less discrimination against women. C. Acceptance of victors' concepts. D. Changes in people's social positions. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. Geniuses Think Alike B. Genius Takes Many Forms C Genius and Intelligence D. Genius and Luck B(2020年全国III卷D) We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes (基因), they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years. People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes. Cattle－raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation (突变) that helps them digest milk as adults. On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation—not to air or to food, but to the ocean. A group of sea－dwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers. The Bajau, as these people are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent times, they've also built houses on stilts (支柱) in coastal waters. “They are simply a stranger to the land，” said Rodney C. Jubilado, a University of Hawaii researcher who studies the Bajau. Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines. They made a living as divers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish. “We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders，” Dr.Jubilado said. “I could see them actually walking under the sea.” In 2015, Melissa Ilardo, then a graduate student in genetics at the University of Copenhagen, heard about the Bajau. She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them. “It seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population，” said Dr. Ilardo. She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive. 5．What does the author want to tell us by the examples in Paragraph 1? A．Environmental adaptation of cattle raisers. B．New knowledge of human evolution. C．Recent findings of human origin. D．Significance of food selection. 6．Where do the Bajau build their houses? A．In valleys. B.Near rivers. C．On the beach. D.Off the coast. 7．Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau? A．They could walk on stilts all day. B．They had a superb way of fishing. C．They could stay long underwater. D．They lived on both land and water. 8．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Bodies Remodeled for a Life at Sea B．Highlanders' Survival Skills C．Basic Methods of Genetic Research D．The World's Best Divers C(2022年全国乙卷D) The Government’s sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown. First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity (肥胖). It is believed that today’s children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease. Initially the sugar tax was expected to make £520m a year for the Treasury. However, data of the first six months showed it would make less than half this amount. At present it is expected to generate £240m for the year ending in April 2019, which will go to school sports. It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers (制造商) so they can avoid paying the tax. Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers’ efforts to avoid the charge, according to Treasury figures. Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content. However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year. Today’s figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities (设施) and healthier eating in schools. Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance, and the industry is playing its part. 9.Why was the sugar tax introduced? A. To collect money for schools. B. To improve the quality of drinks. C. To protect children’s health. D. To encourage research in education. 10.How did some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax? A. They turned to overseas markets. B. They raised the prices of their products. C. They cut down on their production. D. They reduced their products’ sugar content. 11. From which of the following is the sugar tax collected? A. Most alcoholic drinks. B. Milk-based drinks. C. Fruit juices. D. Classic Coke. 12. What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy? A. It is a short-sighted decision. B. It is a success story. C. It benefits manufacturers. D. It upsets customers. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。--2022全国甲卷 Important Things to Know When Dining Out Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. ___36___. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world. Chopstick Rules The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. ___37___. Hands or Utensils (餐具) In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. ___38___, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons. Making Requests ___39___. In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. ___40___, the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. A. The more friends you make in your lifetime B. The more time you spend in any given country C Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal 第三部分 语言运用 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。--2019年北京卷 Regardless of the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time. A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been ___13___ free rides to college students for the past eight years. Since he first started ___14___ his car to the young people. Wilson has ___15___ an astonishing 64, 000 miles, and has had countless pleasant and often humorous ___16___ with the students he transports to and from school. The students who he’s ___17___ have gone on to become physicians, teachers and engineers, but what they’ve also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson. Some students ___18___ call him “Grandpa”. Tina Stern ___19___ rides from Wilson for all her four years in college, and the trips meant much more to her than just free ___20___. “It’s not just a ride; you’re not just sitting there in ___21___ silence or with your headphones on.” Stern said. “He asks you questions and actually ____22____ the answers, so the next time you ride with him, he’ll ____23____ those things.” Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profit organisation. On Point for College. Although the ____24____ asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes, Wilson often goes ____25____ to ensure the welfare and safety of the students. If they have problems with registration, Wilson is there to ____26____ them. If they run out of certain daily necessities, Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what’s needed. If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never ____27____ to buy them a meal. For many students, Wilson’s help is not only appreciated, it’s also entirely ____28____ for them to be able to complete their college education. Some students don’t have a reliable car, while others have to ____29____ vehicles with parents who work six days a week. For them, riding with Wilson has ____30____ them to complete their education — but according to Wilson, he benefits just as much from the ____31____. “I just love driving and I love these kids, ” Wilson said. “It’s such a(n) ____32____ to be a part of these kids’ lives, even just for a few hours, getting to know them and hearing their stories.” 13. A. linking B. sending C. offering D. distributing 14. A. donating B. lending C. delivering D. volunteering 15. A. paved B. covered C. measured D. wandered 16. A. arguments B. interviews C. negotiations D. conversations 17. A. met B. driven C. addressed D. greeted 18. A. even B. ever C. once D. already 19. A. earned B. received C. assessed D. demanded 20. A. transportation B. style C. time D. communication 21. A. forced B. awkward C. ridiculous D. suspicious 22. A. selects B. recites C. guesses D. remembers 23. A. act on B. settle on C. check on D. agree on 24. A. club B. league C. college D. programme 25. A. far B. around C. beyond D. forwards 26. A. assist B. watch C. urge D. warn 27. A. expects B. attempts C. manages D. hesitates 28. A. extra B. unusual C. necessary D. adequate 29. A. share B. fuel C. repair D. exchange 30. A. required B. allowed C. reminded D. convinced 31. A. experience B. arrangement C. appreciation D. employment 32. A. effort B. ambition C. privilege D. convenience 第二节阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2024全国甲卷） Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level the national parks, in particular, tend ____56____（catch）our attention because of their large size and variety. They are ____57____（treasure）of American heritage（遗产）. How did the national park system come about? On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ____58____ is now northwestern Wyoming. They ____59____（be）part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. What should ____60____（do）with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. This area, with ____61____（it）unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved ____62___all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. They all agreed and vowed（承诺）to promote the idea at the ____63____（complete）of their journey. Their promotional work paid off. Two years later, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became the first national park in the United States and the world. Yellowstone was the ____64____（large）United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, _____65_____ became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. ADAB BDCA CDDB DFCGB CDBDB ABABD CDCAD CABAC 【答案】56 to catch 57. treasures 58. what 59. were 60. be done 61. its 62. for 63. completion 64. largest 65. which 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$