课时作业(9)Section Ⅰ Topic talk & Lesson1（Word练习）-【金榜题名】2025-2026学年高一英语必修第二册高中同步学案（北师大版）

课时作业(九) [限时30分钟] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Women have been making scientific discoveries since ancient times.Twelve women have won the Nobel Prize for Science，one of the highest honors in the world.Some women scientists never married，some worked with their husbands，and others raised large families.It has been difficult for women to be successful scientists. In the early 1800s in England，Mary Anning became one of the first women recognized for her discoveries about the ancient history of the earth.Mary and her father collected fossils(化石) in their village on the south coast of Great Britain.Fossils are parts of plants or animals that have been saved in rocks for millions of years. When she was only twelve years old，Mary became the first person to find the almost complete skeletons(骨架) of several animals that no longer existed on the earth.She didn't become famous for her discoveries at that time because she often sold her fossils to get money to support her family. In 1891，a young Polish woman named Marie Sklodowska traveled to Paris to study physics.She did so because she could not get a college education in Poland.She began working in the laboratory of a man named Pierre Curie.Marie and Pierre Curie got married and made many discoveries together.They received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1903 along with another scientist.Marie Curie became the first person to be awarded a second Noble Prize in 1911，this time for Chemistry.Marie Curie was one of the few women at the time who became famous as a scientist. [语篇解读]　自古以来就有女性在科学领域作出了巨大贡献，并获得了诺贝尔奖，让我们了解一下其中一些有成就的女性吧。 1．The author believes that women scientists ．　 A.have more opportunities to become successful　 B．can not get the highest honors in the world　 C．go through difficulties to be successful D．had better pay more attention to their families　 C　细节理解题。由第一段的“It has been difficult for women to be successful scientists.”可知女性科学家获得成功很不容易，故选C。 2．Mary Anning was one of the first women to ． A．win the Noble Prize for Science after getting married B．make achievements in the study of ancient earth C．research animals and their bones D．study the mystery of all kinds of plants B　细节理解题。由第二段“...for her discoveries about the ancient history of the earth.”可知她是最早在研究地球古代历史方面有所发展的女性之一，故选B。 3．What can we learn about Marie Sklodowska? A．She studied physics in Poland and got a college education. B．She received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1903 on her own. C．She only got one Nobel Prize during her lifetime. D．She made many discoveries after she got married. D　推理判断题。由最后一段“Marie and Pierre Curie got married and made many discoveries together.”可知。 4．What's the passage mainly about? A．Ancient discoveries. B．Women scientists. C．Successful marriages. D．Different prizes B　主旨大意题。由第一段可知，作者主要讲述成功的女科学家的事迹，在后文中的例子也有体现。 B From woodworker to great artist—this was the course of Qi Baishi's life. He achieved success by coupling talent with hard work. In 1953, he was honoured with the title “People's Artist” by the Chinese government. For most of the general public, his masterpieces are his paintings of shrimps. At the beginning, he painted these small animals by following ancient models. Later, he developed a personal style by using shades of black ink to show a shrimp's body, giving it an almost reallife feel. Besides, his paintings of flowers and vegetables, indicating rich harvests (丰收), are famous as well. People love these naturebased paintings because the works remind them of the countryside and of their hometowns. The dove is another common image in Qi's art during his later years, showing his wish for world peace. Be it landscapes, birds, flowers or figures, Qi's paintings are rich in expression and detail. Using heavy ink, bright colors and energetic strokes (运笔), he created works in a fresh and lively manner, expressing his love of nature and life. His art reflects an international trend (趋势) in modem art at the time, yet he expressed it in a typical Chinese way. Qi was hardworking even in his 70s. He kept looking for higher goals, especially as he got older. While many other Chinese artists retire from public life at an old age, Qi actively took on more social responsibilities. He said: “I love my hometown, my country and all the lives there. In recent years, I have realized that what I run after is world peace.” In 1956, he was awarded the International Peace Prize by the World Peace Council. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国著名艺术家齐白石的绘画风格和他取得的成就。 5．Why are Qi Baishi's naturebased paintings popular? A．They lift people's spirits. B．They touch people's feelings. C．They inspire people's passions. D．They reflect people's wishes. B　细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“People love these naturebased paintings because the works remind them of the countryside and of their hometowns.”(人们喜欢这些以自然为基础的绘画，因为这些作品让他们想起了乡村和他们的家乡。)可知，人们喜欢齐白石以自然为基础的绘画，因为这些画触动了他们的感情，让他们想起了乡村和他们的家乡，由此可知，齐白石以自然为基础的绘画受欢迎，因为这些画触动了人们的感情。故选B项。 6．What does Paragraph 3 focus on about Qi Baishi? A．His masterpieces. B．His influence. C．His painting subjects. D．His painting style. D　推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“Using heavy ink, bright colors and energetic strokes (运笔)，..., yet he expressed it in a typical Chinese way.”(他用浓墨重彩和充满活力的运笔创作出清新活泼的作品，表达了他对自然和生命的热爱。他的艺术反映了当时现代艺术的一种国际趋势，但他用一种典型的中国方式来表达。)可知，第三段主要介绍了齐白石的绘画风格，他用浓墨重彩和充满活力的运笔创作出清新活泼的作品，他用一种典型的中国方式来表达自己的作品，由此可推断出，第三段关注的是齐白石的绘画风格。故选D项。 7．Why was Qi Baishi still hardworking at an old age? A．To popularize Chinese paintings. B．To involve the youth in arts. C．To shoulder more social responsibilities. D．To earn international reputation. C　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段关键句“Qi was hardworking even in his 70s. ..., Qi actively took on more social responsibilities.”(齐白石70多岁的时候也很勤奋。他一直在寻找更高的目标，尤其是随着年龄的增长。当许多其他中国艺术家晚年退出公共生活时，齐积极承担了更多的社会责任。)可知，齐白石在年老时还努力工作，因为他积极承担了更多的社会责任，一直在寻找更高的目标，由此可知，齐白石在年老时还努力工作是为了承担更多的社会责任。故选C项。 8．Which of the following words can be used to best describe Qi? A．Remarkable and admirable. B．Passionate and confident. C．Intelligent and generous. D．Realistic and professional. A　推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“In 1953, he was honoured with the title ‘People's Artist’ by the Chinese government.”(1953年，他被中国政府授予“人民艺术家”称号。)和最后一段关键句“In 1956, he was awarded the International Peace Prize by the World Peace Council.”(1956年，他被世界和平委员会授予国际和平奖。)可知，齐白石的成就获得国内和国际的认可，由此可知，他是引人注目的；根据倒数第二段关键句“Qi was hardworking even in his 70s. ..., Qi actively took on more social responsibilities.”可知，齐白石在年老时还努力工作，积极承担了更多的社会责任，由此可知，他是令人钦佩的，综上所述，齐白石是一个引人注目的和令人钦佩的艺术家。故选A项。 Ⅱ.七选五 Being the BEST: Common Qualities of Nobel Prize winners Once again, we celebrate the Nobel Prize winners and how they expand our knowledge, improve our planet, and enrich our lives. These awards have showed some intellectuals do contribute substantially in advancing our progress. 1 ． Thinking outside the box 2 . It allows us to look past and think ahead. The limit of knowledge is our inability to observe the world and ideas in a new way. Albert Einstein, for example, needed to see beyond the Newtonian understanding of the universe to rewrite the concepts of physics. Nobel Prize winners frequently display enormous amounts of openmindedness. Acting with persistence People somehow get the false impression that breakthroughs happen during a sudden moment of understanding. A light shining on their face, music bursts into the background, and the person immediately discovers some previously hidden answer. Although this scene is wonderful for movies, usually gaining new understandings is a much more complicated process. 3 . Those who won Novel Prize persist when others gave up. Only those with enormous amounts of persistence can work past these obstacles. 4 Cooperation motivates us, and allows us to consider alternative ideas. These activities create an atmosphere of creation and learning. Additionally, many Nobel Prizes are awarded to multiple people, since the work was accomplished by an assortment (各式各样的) of intellectuals working together. These traits exist as similarities among Nobel Prize winners. 5 . However, even if you do not achieve this admirable goal, you will indeed have a much greater chance of success in whatever you pursue. A．Working in groups B．Considering alternative ideas C．Creativity is one of the most important human resources D．As for us, we can still learn from the common qualities of the winners E．Years of devotion, frustration, and even failure usually come before success F．Of course, displaying these qualities does not mean certainly winning a Noble Prize G．The Nobel Prizes are the most significant awards given for extraordinary achievements [语篇解读]　本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了诺贝尔奖得主的共同品质，并激励我们学习这些品质从而取得成功。 1．D　根据上文“These awards have showed some intellectuals do contribute substantially in advancing our progress.(这些奖项表明，一些知识分子确实为我们的进步作出了重大贡献)”可知，知识分子为了人类的进步做出了重大贡献。而下文则提到了这些知识分子的一些品质。选项D(对我们来说，我们仍然可以从获奖者的共同品质中学习)承上启下，引出下文所列举的这些品质。故选D。 2．C　根据下文内容“It allows us to look past and think ahead. ...Nobel Prize winners frequently display enormous amounts of openmindedness.(它让我们回顾过去，展望未来。知识的局限是我们无法用新的方式观察世界和思想。例如，阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦需要超越牛顿对宇宙的理解来改写物理学的概念。诺贝尔奖得主经常表现出极大的开放思想)”可知，本段主要讲述的是这些获奖者通常能够有创造性思维，对思想表现出极大的包容心。选项C(创造力是最重要的人力资源之一)与下文内容一致，指的是创造力的重要性。故选C。 3．E　根据空后内容“Those who won Novel Prize persist when others gave up. Only those with enormous amounts of persistence can work past these obstacles. (当别人放弃的时候，那些获得诺贝尔奖的人坚持了下来。只有那些坚持不懈的人才能克服这些障碍)”可知，诺贝尔奖获奖者通常会在别人放弃的时候坚持下去才取得了成功。选项E(在成功之前，通常要经历多年的投入、挫折甚至失败)内容上和空前“Although this scene is wonderful for movies, usually gaining new understandings is a much more complicated process.(虽然这个场景在电影中很精彩，但通常获得新的理解是一个复杂得多的过程)”保持一致，指的是成功是一个复杂的过程，同时也引出下文内容，指的是成功离不开坚持不懈。故选E。 4．A　空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Cooperation motivates us, and allows us to consider alternative ideas. ..., since the work was accomplished by an assortment (各式各样的) of intellectuals working together.(合作激励着我们，并允许我们考虑不同的想法。这些活动营造了一种创造和学习的氛围。此外，许多诺贝尔奖是颁给多人的，因为这项工作是由一群知识分子共同完成的)”可知，本段主要讲述的是合作学习或者说团体工作是非常重要的。选项A(小组合作)与下文内容一致，指的都是与人合作是一个良好的品质。故选A。 5．F　根据空前“These traits exist as similarities among Nobel Prize winners.(这些特征在诺贝尔奖获得者中是相似的)”可知，诺贝尔获奖者大多拥有上文提到的品质。选项F(当然，表现出这些品质并不意味着一定能获得诺贝尔奖)延续上文内容，指的是虽然诺贝尔获奖者大多拥有这些品质，但是并不是说拥有这些品质就可以获得诺贝尔奖。同时引出下文“However, even if you do not achieve this admirable goal, you will indeed have a much greater chance of success in whatever you pursue.(然而，即使你没有达到这个令人钦佩的目标，无论你追求什么，你确实会有更大的成功机会)”，即便不能获得诺贝尔奖，我们也可以学习这些品质，帮助自己成功。故选F。 Ⅲ.语法填空 For Nigel Portman，a love of travelling began with what's called a “gap year”．In common with many other British teenagers，he chose 1. (take) a year out before settling down to study for his degree.After doing various 2. (job) to raise some money，he left home to gain some experience of life in different cultures，visiting America and Asia.The more adventurous the young person，the 3. (great) the challenge they are likely to set 4. (them) for the gap year，and for some，like Nigel，it can result in a thirst for adventure. Now that his university course 5. (come) to an end，Nigel is just about to leave on a threeyear trip that will take him right around the world.What's more，he plans to make the whole journey 6. (use) only means of transport which are powered by natural energy.In other words，he'll be relying 7. (main) on bicycles and his own legs；and when there's an ocean to cross，he won't be taking a shortcut (捷径) 8. flying aboard－he'll be joining the crew of a sailing ship，instead. As well as doing some mountain climbing along 9. way，Nigel hopes to pass on to the people he meets the environmental message 10. lies behind the whole idea. [语篇解读]　本文主要讲述了一个大学生利用“间隔年”去旅行，以实际行动倡议环保的故事。 1．to take　考查非谓语动词。choose to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“选择做某事”，故用不定式作宾语。 2．jobs　考查名词复数。job是可数名词，且根据其前的定语various可知，此处应用复数形式，表示“各种工作”。 3．greater　考查形容词比较级。根据固定句型the more ...，the more ...“越……就越……”可知，此处用形容词比较级。 4．themselves　考查代词。喜欢冒险的年轻人很可能给他们自己设置更大的间隔年挑战。此处与they呼应，故用反身代词作宾语。 5．has come　考查动词时态。now that是连词，引导状语从句，意为“既然”，由此可知，事情已经发生，应用完成时，且与语境中的is呼应，故用现在完成时。 6．using　考查非谓语动词。动词use和主语he之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故此处用现在分词短语作伴随状语。 7．mainly　考查副词。副词修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，在句子中作状语。故用副词mainly修饰谓语动词。 8．by/through　考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表示“以……方式/方法”，与上文中的“only means of transport”呼应，故用介词by/through。 9．the　考查冠词。along the way为固定搭配，意为“在……过程中”，符合语境，故用定冠词。 10．that/which　考查定语从句。此处用that/which引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词the environmental message。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$