精品解析：辽宁省朝阳市建平县2024-2025学年八年级下学期期末学业水平质量检测英语试卷

2024-2025学年度第二学期期末学业水平质量监测 八年级英语试题 （考试时间120分钟，满分120分 出题人：于静） 考生注意：所有试题必须在答题卡指定区域内作答，在本试卷上作答无效 第一部分 选择题（共60分） 一、单项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 1. —What’s __________ matter with you? —I didn’t sleep well last night. I have __________ bad headache now. A. /; a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; / 2. Dad ________ to work, but now he ________ to work because he wants to do something for the environment. A. used to ride; is used to driving B. used to drive; is used to riding C. was used to driving; used to ride D. was used to riding; used to drive 3. Although Mr. Hunt lives ________, he never feels ________. Some volunteers often visit him on weekends. A. lonely；alone B. lonely；lonely C. alone；alone D. alone；lonely 4. —Having food with too much sugar can cause health problems. —That’s true. So it’s important for us to ________ good eating habits. A. control B. train C. change D. develop 5. The volunteers ________ a lot of help ________ the community for nearly ten years. A. will offer; for B. are providing; for C. have offered; to D. have provided; with 6. They made their way home ________ as both of them were tired and thirsty after a long walk. A. in public B. in danger C. in silence D. in surprise 7. Yesterday our head teacher made such an ________ speech that we all felt ________. A. exciting; exciting B. excited; excited C. exciting; excited D. excited; exciting 8. He is businesslike（认真的）and is often ________. I hope he will have more _________ at his business. A. success; successful B. successful; success C. successfully; successful D. successful; successful 9. —Where is Tom? A friend of his wants to see him. —He ________ to New York on business He ________ the airport at 5 in the morning. A. has gone; has left for B. has been; left for C. has gone; left for D. has been; has left for 10. —I'm going to visit Yellow Mountain with my family this weekend. — ________. A. Good luck B. Congratulations C. Have a great time D. That sounds good 二、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分；满分40分） 第一节 阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A 2018 China’s Big Step Forward in Exploring (探索) the Moon. China sent three important probes (探测器) Chang’e 4, Chang’e 5 and Chang’e 6 to the moon. Chang’e 4 was launched (发射) on December 8th, 2018, from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center (卫星发射中心). Its main task was to land on the far side of the moon. There was no spaceship landing there before. Chang’e 4 studied the moon’s soil (土壤) and sent back many pictures. This probe helped scientists understand the far side of the moon. 2020 Chang’e 5 was launched on November 24th, 2020, from the Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site and it reached the moon seven days later. Its main task was to collect rocks and soil on the near side of the moon and bring them back to Earth. On December 17th, 2020, Chang’e 5 returned with some samples (样本). 2024 Chang’e 6 was launched in May, 2024. It collected samples from the far side of the moon. This is important because they were the first samples from that part of the moon. Chang’e 6 will help scientists learn more about the moon’s environment and history. These probes help us understand the moon better and prepare for future space exploration And China will send more probes to explore other planets like Mars (火星) 11. When and where was Chang’e 4 launched? A. On November 24th, 2020 from Xichang. B. On December 8th, 2018 from Xichang. C. On December 8th, 2018 from Wenchang. D. On May 1st, 2024 from Wenchang. 12. What did Chang’e 5 bring back to the earth? A. Rocks and soil from the moon. B. Some pictures about the space. C. Soil and rock samples on Mars. D. Water samples from the moon. 13. Why was it important sample by Chang’e 6? A. Because it was the first probe sent by humans to the moon. B. Because it was the first sample from the far side of the moon C. Because it showed that there was water source on the moon. D. Because it shows people can live on the moon in the future. 14. What is the purpose (目的) of this text? A. To call on more people to study the moon and Mars. B. To attract (吸引) more people to travel to the moon one day. C. To show the moon is the most important part in space. D. To show China’s development in moon exploration. B In China, when you refused someone, he or she might say he or she eats a bowl of door-closing thick soup. In Chinese, it is called “吃闭门羹 (Eating a bowl of door-closing thick soup)” What is the story behind this saying? It is said that during the Tang Dynasty, there lived a beautiful woman named Shi Feng. Many young men admired (仰慕) her. But Shi was hard to choose. She asked her admirers (追求者) to write poems and show them to her. She did this to see how talented they were. If Shi liked someone’s poems, she would agree to meet him. If she didn’t, she would’t meet him. But then, to be polite, she would at least give him a bowl of “geng” to eat. “Geng” is a type of thick soup. It is usually made with grain, fruit and vegetables. As time passed, “eating a bowl of thick soup” came to mean “being refused”. The dish was also nicknamed “door-closing thick soup”, since Shi would not open her door for the people who received the dish. But there is a twist (转折) to this story. “Door-closing thick soup” was said to be so tasty that people started coming to Shi’s door not to meet her, but to have a taste of the soup! 15. Shi would agree to meet men who were ________. A. honest B. good-looking C. talented D. rich 16. The underlined word “this” refers to (指代) ________. A. asking her admirers to write poems B. asking her admirers to read poems C. asking her admirers to eat a bowl of “geng” D. helping her admirers to write poems happily 17. “Having door-closing thick soup” is now used to describe a situation in which someone ________. A. cannot open a door B. wants to meet someone C. wants to drink soup D. is refused by others 18. The passage is mainly about ________ . A. an ancient beauty named Shi Feng B. how to make “door-closing thick soup” C. how ancient people refused others D. the story behind the saying “eating door-closing thick soup” C ① “Drink eight cups of water.” We’ve all heard the advice. But if you fall short, don’t worry. That advice is probably wrong, anyway. That’s according to a new research. It found that for most healthy adults, drinking eight cups of water a day is unnecessary. But nor is it dangerous. If you do drink eight cups of water, you are probably just going to be spending more time in the bathroom. ②In fact, this misunderstanding has something to do with the suggestion before. Early in 1945, the U.S. National Research Council (国家研究委员会) advised adults to drink about 1.9 liters (升) of water daily. The suggestion is about a person’s total daily intake (摄入) of water from fruit, vegetables and soup. But it has been widely misunderstood. Many people believe they should drink eight glasses of water every day. ③ So how much water do you need to drink daily? The study found that it’s different from one person to another. It depends on your age, size, physical activity and the weather in your city. ④ Our needs for water are the highest between the ages of 20 and 50. After that, the needs slowly go down. That’s because our metabolism (新陈代谢) slows down after the age of 50, and our needs for water go down, too. ⑤ Also, since men usually have larger bodies than women, they need more water. People whose jobs need more physical activities need more water than those who work in the office. And people who live in the place with hot weather need more water than those who live in the place with cold weather. ⑥ All in all, most of you don’t have to worry about not having enough water yet. And you don’t really have to work out how much water you need by measuring (测量) your size and physical activity. Just drink whenever you are thirsty. Water is the best choice. Coffee and tea are fine as well. But try not to have drinks with sugar. They can cause a lot of health problems. 19. Which picture shows the right relations between X and Y? X: our age Y: our needs for water A. B. C. D. 20. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refers to ________? A. the misunderstanding of drinking water advice B. the amount of water people need to drink daily C. the new research on drinking water D. the suggestion from the U.S. National Research Council 21. What’s the best structure of this passage? A. B. C. D. 22. According to the passage we can infer that ________. A. People should carry a water bottle to measure their water intake B. having drinks with sugar is bad for people’s health C. children need more water than people aged between 20 and 50 D. women usually do more physical activities than men in their jobs D You scan a QR code (二维码) to order a meal, but it asks for your phone number. You book a taxi online, and you need to give your address. You go back home and are asked to look into a facial recognition (面部识别) camera. Data (数据) collection is everywhere. However, some companies (公司) collect personal information for selling or telecommunication fraud (电信诈骗). They break the law (法律). China Consumers Association (中国消费者协会) once did a survey of 5,458 people on personal information leaks (泄漏) in 2018. About 85 percent of people said they had experienced leaks from their smartphones. Most said they had got unwanted calls or text messages. The Personal Information Protection Law has come into force in China to solve such problems. It is the first law on personal data protection. It says that a person’s name, date of birth, ID number, address and phone number are all personal information, whether they are in the electronic (电子的) or other kinds. Some kinds of personal information are regarded as sensitive (敏感的), such as fingerprints, faces, medical health, financial accounts (金融账户) and all data on children under the age of 14. According to the law, collecting, using and keeping personal information will be strictly controlled. One key rule is that users should know and agree to give their personal information. The rules are even stricter about sensitive information. For example, if companies want personal information of a child under the age of 14, their parents must know and agree first. 23. About ______ people had experienced leaks from their smartphones according to the survey. A. 5,458 B. 4,639 C. 4,000 D. 3,800 24. ______ most probably contains sensitive personal information. A. A letter B. A birthday card C. An e-mail D. An ID card 25. According to the last paragraph, how is personal information protected? A. It can only be given with users’ agreement. B. People can’t give sensitive information to anyone. C. Only parents can know their children’s information. D Companies can’t collect users’ information anytime. 26. Which of the following is True according to the passage? A. Selling personal information breaks the law. B. You must call back after you get unwanted calls. C We can find anyone’s personal information online. D. Phone numbers in the electronic kind are not personal information. 第二节 阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 阅读短文，从下面所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 Choosing a job isn’t always easy but important. Plans for your future job will have great influence (影响) on your whole life. ___27___ Know yourself well. Firstly, follow your heart and your personality (性格)—if you’re not very outgoing (外向的), don’t go for a sales job, though you can get much money. ___28___ If you do well in getting along with children, to be a teacher may be a fantastic choice. Do something of value. Generally speaking, people get more satisfaction (满足) out of their jobs if they feel they are doing something valuable for others. ___29___ Just imagine what our city would be like without cleaners? ___30___ Some lucky people get it right first time—they choose a job, find they love it and stick at it. But it isn’t always like that. So remember—you can change your mind! There’s no need to let it worry you for years: maybe you’ve got three or four possible things you’d like to do, so choose your favourite and try it. Making a clear plan for your future job is meaningful. The best preparation for tomorrow is doing the best today. Remember to be responsible for yourself when you are young. A. Here’s some advice for you. B. Your first choice isn’t forever (永远). C. Keep doing an important job. D. It could be a helpful job, like being a cleaner. E. Secondly, think about what you are really good at. 三、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 While you are in trouble, what are you going to do? Cry? Or run away? Robinson Crusoe can tell you the ____31____ answer. It is an exciting story. Robinson Crusoe hated the comfortable life in his hometown. So he wanted to be a seaman and travelled around the world. But one day, a terrible thing happened. A great storm came and their boat crashed (失事). No one was alive in this accident except Robinson. He was the ____32____ man in the world, because all his friends were dead but he was alive. ____33____, at the same time he was the most tragic (悲惨的) man of all. He must face the fact—____34____ on an island without food or tools! But all roads ____35____ to Rome (罗马)! He just used his hands to work hard! Then he made a cave (洞穴), built a house, grew corn and kept goats. In the end, he could ____36____ his life on the island. In his twenty-fourth year on the island, he ____37____ a wild man and named him “Friday”. With Robinson’s teaching, “Friday” became a good helper. Finally, they got a boat and ____38____ the island. Surely the writer of Robinson Crusoe is really a hero! It’s too hard to describe (描述) Robinson with words. We could say that Robinson was very clever and also he was ____39____. Certainly too many good words can describe him. But now I think it isn’t important. The most important thing is _____40_____ we have learned from the story. That is to use our own hands to work hard with confidence and never give up! 31. A. wrong B. right C. opposite D. same 32. A. kindest B. luckiest C. happiest D. busiest 33. A. However B. Suddenly C. Surprisingly D. Simply 34. A. afraid B. alone C. asleep D. awake 35. A. go B. pass C. lead D. push 36. A. forget B. enjoy C. lose D. imagine 37. A. killed B. saved C. hurt D. raised 38. A. lived on B. left for C. went away from D. cleaned up 39. A. stupid B. truthful C. brave D. crazy 40. A. how B. what C. why D. who 第二部分 非选择题（共40分） 四、语篇填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Zhang Zeduan ____41____ (creative) the painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival (清明上河图) in the Song Dynasty. He became famous ____42____ he had an excellent ability to express the scenes of everyday life.The painting helps us understand ancient Chinese culture. It is ____43____ (wide) believed that Along the River During the Qingming Festival shows scenes along the Bian River in Bianjing. ____44____ great painting has three main parts. It ____45____ (include) the scenes of the capital, the scenes along the river and the streets inside the city. When you look at it carefully, you will find many interesting scenes. The first part of the painting describes country scenes of farm fields, farmers and other countryside people. In the ____46____ (two) part, different businesses are shown. This is the main point of the whole painting. In the third part, ____47____ (many) shops can be seen along with other buildings than in the other parts. ____48____ an amazing work of art it is! Besides the special artistic value (价值) of the painting ____49____ (it), it also shows us many things about the daily lives of the Song people. So far, people have believed this painting to be one of the _____50_____ (great) works among all the ancient Chinese paintings. 五、阅读与表达（共4小题，71-73小题，每小题2分，74小题4分；满分10分） 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 As we all know, the International (国际) Volunteer Day is December 5th every year. It started on December 17th, 1985. It’s a day to honor (尊重) volunteers all over the world. Our country now has 450,000 volunteers. They provided more than 4.5 billion hours of volunteer work. Someone says that for students, this kind of work isn’t meaningful and wastes time. But I think that we can get much from it. First of all, volunteering is a good way to open our eyes. We may do something we never do and meet different kinds of people. We can talk with them and get their good ideas. Secondly, volunteers, especially (尤其) students can learn much from practice. As students, we are interested in books and learn some knowledge (知识) from it. After we become volunteers, we will have the chance to put our knowledge into practice. What’s more, volunteering is good for our future job. That is to say, when we take part in other jobs for free, we can get some experience and know how to solve some problems we never met before. In a word, volunteering is a form (形式) of practice and experience. We shouldn’t say no to it. 51. When did the International Volunteer Day begin? _________________________________________________________________ 52. How long did the volunteers in China provide for volunteer work? _________________________________________________________________ 53. How many benefits (益处) does the writer get? _________________________________________________________________ 54. Do you want to be a volunteer? Why? Why not? Write 30 words or more. _________________________________________________________________ 六、书面表达（满分20分） 55. 成长路上，我们历经悲喜。每段经历都如种子在心底生根发芽，让我们收获感悟，学会勇敢和珍惜，逐步成长为更好的自己。请以“An Unforgettable Experience”为题，写一篇短文分享你的经历和感受。 要求：1. 表达通顺，条理清楚，语义连贯； 2. 书写工整，卷面整洁，句式规范，标点符号和大小写使用正确； 3. 词数：不少于80词； 4. 文中不能出现真实的人名及校名等。 An Unforgettable Experience ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年度第二学期期末学业水平质量监测 八年级英语试题 （考试时间120分钟，满分120分 出题人：于静） 考生注意：所有试题必须在答题卡指定区域内作答，在本试卷上作答无效 第一部分 选择题（共60分） 一、单项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 1. —What’s __________ matter with you? —I didn’t sleep well last night. I have __________ bad headache now. A. /; a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; / 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你怎么了？——我昨晚睡得不好。我现在头疼得厉害。 考查冠词。what’s the matter“怎么了”，have a headache“头疼”。故选C。 2. Dad ________ to work, but now he ________ to work because he wants to do something for the environment. A. used to ride; is used to driving B. used to drive; is used to riding C. was used to driving; used to ride D. was used to riding; used to drive 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：爸爸过去常常开车上班，但现在他习惯了骑车上班，因为他想为环境做些事情。 考查动词短语。used to do sth过去常常做某事；be used to doing sth习惯做某事。根据“but now”结合语境可知第一句是指爸爸过去常常开车上班，第二句根据“because he wants to do something for the environment”是指爸爸想为环境做些事情，所以现在习惯骑自行车上班，故选B。 3. Although Mr. Hunt lives ________, he never feels ________. Some volunteers often visit him on weekends. A. lonely；alone B. lonely；lonely C. alone；alone D. alone；lonely 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】句意：虽然亨特先生独自生活，但他从不感到孤独。一些志愿者经常在周末去看望他。 考查形容词、副词的用法。alone单独的，独自地，既可以用作形容词，也可用作副词，表示无人陪伴，只陈述一个客观事实，不带感情色彩；lonely 孤独的，寂寞的，形容词，描述一种“寂寞的”情绪体验，带有浓厚的感情色彩。根据“Although Mr. Hunt lives… he never feels…”及分析句子结构可知，第一个空指亨特先生独自居住，不带感情色彩，此处是副词alone修饰动词lives，作状语；第二个空，有感情色彩，表示情感上的孤独。此处是形容词lonely修饰系动词feels，作表语。故选D。 4. —Having food with too much sugar can cause health problems. —That’s true. So it’s important for us to ________ good eating habits. A. control B. train C. change D. develop 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——吃含糖量过高的食物会导致健康问题。——确实如此。所以养成良好的饮食习惯对我们来说很重要。 考查动词辨析。control控制；train训练；change改变；develop发展，养成。根据“So it’s important for us to…good eating habits.”可知，此处指的是“养成一个良好的习惯”，用develop。故选D。 5. The volunteers ________ a lot of help ________ the community for nearly ten years. A. will offer; for B. are providing; for C. have offered; to D. have provided; with 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：志愿者们近十年给社区提供了大量帮助。 考查时态及动词短语。will offer，一般将来时；are providing，现在进行时；have offered，现在完成时；have provided，现在完成时。根据for nearly ten years可知，该句应用现在完成时，排除A、B。给某人提供某物为provide sth for sb/ provide sb with sth/ offer sth to sb，排除D选项，故选C。 6. They made their way home ________ as both of them were tired and thirsty after a long walk. A. in public B. in danger C. in silence D. in surprise 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：走了很长一段路之后，他们俩都又累又渴，默默地走回家去。 考查短语。in public当众；in danger处于危险中；in silence安静地；in surprise惊讶地。根据“as both of them were tired and thirsty after a long walk.”可知，应该说他们俩都又累又渴，默默地走回家去，只有选项C符合题意。故选C。 7. Yesterday our head teacher made such an ________ speech that we all felt ________. A. exciting; exciting B. excited; excited C. exciting; excited D. excited; exciting 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：昨天我们的班主任做了一个如此激动人心的演讲，我们都感到兴奋。 考查形容词辨析。exciting令人兴奋的/激动人心的，修饰物；excited兴奋的，修饰人。根据“an ... speech”可知第一空表示激动人心的演讲，用exciting；再由“we”可知第二空表示我们感到兴奋，用excited。故选C。 8. He is businesslike（认真的）and is often ________. I hope he will have more _________ at his business. A. success; successful B. successful; success C. successfully; successful D. successful; successful 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：他做事有条不紊，常常很成功。我希望他在事业上取得更大的成功。 考查词性辨析。success成功，名词；successful成功的，形容词；successfully成功地，副词。第一空应填形容词successful作“is”的表语，表示他是成功的，排除A和C；第二空应填名词success作“have”的宾语，表示取得成功。故选B。 9. —Where is Tom? A friend of his wants to see him. —He ________ to New York on business. He ________ the airport at 5 in the morning. A. has gone; has left for B. has been; left for C. has gone; left for D. has been; has left for 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——汤姆在哪里？他的一个朋友想见他。——他去纽约出差了。他早上五点动身去机场。 考查时态。has been to去过某地，已经回来了；has gone to去了某地，没回来；has left for已经离开去，现在完成时；left for离开去，一般过去时。第一空，根据“Where is Tom?”可知，此处表示“去了某地，没回来”，所以填has gone to；第二空，根据“at 5 in the morning”可知，此句时态为一般过去时，所以填left for。故选C。 10. —I'm going to visit Yellow Mountain with my family this weekend. — ________. A. Good luck B. Congratulations C. Have a great time D. That sounds good 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】试题分析：句意：我这周末要和我的家人去参观黄山。玩的开心。A.祝你好运；B.祝贺你；C.玩的开心；D.那听起来不错。结合语境，故选C。 考点：考查交际英语。 二、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分；满分40分） 第一节 阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A 2018 China’s Big Step Forward in Exploring (探索) the Moon. China sent three important probes (探测器) Chang’e 4, Chang’e 5 and Chang’e 6 to the moon. Chang’e 4 was launched (发射) on December 8th, 2018, from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center (卫星发射中心). Its main task was to land on the far side of the moon. There was no spaceship landing there before. Chang’e 4 studied the moon’s soil (土壤) and sent back many pictures. This probe helped scientists understand the far side of the moon. 2020 Chang’e 5 was launched on November 24th, 2020, from the Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site and it reached the moon seven days later. Its main task was to collect rocks and soil on the near side of the moon and bring them back to Earth. On December 17th, 2020, Chang’e 5 returned with some samples (样本). 2024 Chang’e 6 was launched in May, 2024. It collected samples from the far side of the moon. This is important because they were the first samples from that part of the moon. Chang’e 6 will help scientists learn more about the moon’s environment and history. These probes help us understand the moon better and prepare for future space exploration And China will send more probes to explore other planets like Mars (火星) 11. When and where was Chang’e 4 launched? A. On November 24th, 2020 from Xichang. B. On December 8th, 2018 from Xichang. C. On December 8th, 2018 from Wenchang. D. On May 1st, 2024 from Wenchang. 12. What did Chang’e 5 bring back to the earth? A. Rocks and soil from the moon. B. Some pictures about the space. C. Soil and rock samples on Mars. D. Water samples from the moon. 13. Why was it important sample by Chang’e 6? A. Because it was the first probe sent by humans to the moon. B. Because it was the first sample from the far side of the moon C. Because it showed that there was water source on the moon. D. Because it shows people can live on the moon in the future. 14. What is the purpose (目的) of this text? A. To call on more people to study the moon and Mars. B. To attract (吸引) more people to travel to the moon one day. C. To show the moon is the most important part in space. D. To show China’s development in moon exploration. 【答案】11. B 12. A 13. B 14. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了近年来中国在探索月球方面的成果：嫦娥四号、嫦娥五号和嫦娥六号三个重要的探测器。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Chang’e 4 was launched on December 8th, 2018, from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center.”可知，嫦娥四号于2018年12月8日从西昌卫星发射中心发射。故选B。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Chang’e 5... collected rocks and soil on the near side of the moon and bring them back to Earth.”可知，嫦娥五号带回了月球的岩石和土壤样本。故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Chang’e 6 collected samples from the far side of the moon. This is important because they were the first samples from that part of the moon.”可知，嫦娥六号首次从月球背面采集样本。故选B。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。全文通过介绍嫦娥四号、五号、六号的任务及成就，展示了中国在探月工程中的发展。故选D。 B In China, when you refused someone, he or she might say he or she eats a bowl of door-closing thick soup. In Chinese, it is called “吃闭门羹 (Eating a bowl of door-closing thick soup)” What is the story behind this saying? It is said that during the Tang Dynasty, there lived a beautiful woman named Shi Feng. Many young men admired (仰慕) her. But Shi was hard to choose. She asked her admirers (追求者) to write poems and show them to her. She did this to see how talented they were. If Shi liked someone’s poems, she would agree to meet him. If she didn’t, she would’t meet him. But then, to be polite, she would at least give him a bowl of “geng” to eat. “Geng” is a type of thick soup. It is usually made with grain, fruit and vegetables. As time passed, “eating a bowl of thick soup” came to mean “being refused”. The dish was also nicknamed “door-closing thick soup”, since Shi would not open her door for the people who received the dish. But there is a twist (转折) to this story. “Door-closing thick soup” was said to be so tasty that people started coming to Shi’s door not to meet her, but to have a taste of the soup! 15. Shi would agree to meet men who were ________. A. honest B. good-looking C. talented D. rich 16. The underlined word “this” refers to (指代) ________. A. asking her admirers to write poems B. asking her admirers to read poems C. asking her admirers to eat a bowl of “geng” D. helping her admirers to write poems happily 17. “Having door-closing thick soup” is now used to describe a situation in which someone ________. A. cannot open a door B. wants to meet someone C. wants to drink soup D. is refused by others 18. The passage is mainly about ________ . A. an ancient beauty named Shi Feng B. how to make “door-closing thick soup” C. how ancient people refused others D. the story behind the saying “eating door-closing thick soup” 【答案】15. C 16. A 17. D 18. D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲了“吃闭门羹”这个谚语的由来。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据“She asked her admirers (追求者) to write poems and show them to her. She did this to see how talented they were.”可知，史凤愿意见有才华的人。故选C。 【16题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词上一句“She asked her admirers (追求者) to write poems and show them to her.”可知，后文的this指的是上文提到的让她的崇拜者们写诗。故选A。 【17题详解】 细节理解题。根据“As time passed, ‘eating a bowl of thick soup’ came to mean ‘being refused’.”可知，“吃闭门羹”意味着被拒绝。故选D。 【18题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据“In Chinese, it is called ‘吃闭门羹 (Eating a bowl of door-closing thick soup)’ What is the story behind this saying?”可知，本文讲了“吃闭门羹”这个谚语由来。故选D。 C ① “Drink eight cups of water.” We’ve all heard the advice. But if you fall short, don’t worry. That advice is probably wrong, anyway. That’s according to a new research. It found that for most healthy adults, drinking eight cups of water a day is unnecessary. But nor is it dangerous. If you do drink eight cups of water, you are probably just going to be spending more time in the bathroom. ②In fact, this misunderstanding has something to do with the suggestion before. Early in 1945, the U.S. National Research Council (国家研究委员会) advised adults to drink about 1.9 liters (升) of water daily. The suggestion is about a person’s total daily intake (摄入) of water from fruit, vegetables and soup. But it has been widely misunderstood. Many people believe they should drink eight glasses of water every day. ③ So, how much water do you need to drink daily? The study found that it’s different from one person to another. It depends on your age, size, physical activity and the weather in your city. ④ Our needs for water are the highest between the ages of 20 and 50. After that, the needs slowly go down. That’s because our metabolism (新陈代谢) slows down after the age of 50, and our needs for water go down, too. ⑤ Also, since men usually have larger bodies than women, they need more water. People whose jobs need more physical activities need more water than those who work in the office. And people who live in the place with hot weather need more water than those who live in the place with cold weather. ⑥ All in all, most of you don’t have to worry about not having enough water yet. And you don’t really have to work out how much water you need by measuring (测量) your size and physical activity. Just drink whenever you are thirsty. Water is the best choice. Coffee and tea are fine as well. But try not to have drinks with sugar. They can cause a lot of health problems. 19. Which picture shows the right relations between X and Y? X: our age Y: our needs for water A. B. C. D. 20. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refers to ________? A. the misunderstanding of drinking water advice B. the amount of water people need to drink daily C. the new research on drinking water D. the suggestion from the U.S. National Research Council 21. What’s the best structure of this passage? A. B. C. D. 22. According to the passage, we can infer that ________. A. People should carry a water bottle to measure their water intake B. having drinks with sugar is bad for people’s health C. children need more water than people aged between 20 and 50 D. women usually do more physical activities than men in their jobs 【答案】19. C 20. B 21. A 22. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，通过科学研究反驳了“每天必须喝八杯水”普遍建议，指出每日需水量因人而异，并详细分析了年龄、性别、活动量及气候等因素对需水量的影响，最终提倡根据口渴感适量饮水。 【19题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Our needs for water are the highest between the ages of 20 and 50. After that, the needs slowly go down. That’s because our metabolism (新陈代谢) slows down after the age of 50, and our needs for water go down, too.”可知，年龄在20岁到50岁之间对水的需求最高，之后随着年龄增长需求下降，对应的图像是先上升后下降。C选项图符合这一关系。故选C。 【20题详解】 词义猜测题。根据 “So, how much water do you need to drink daily? The study found that it’s different from one person to another.” 可知，这里 it 指代的是人们每天需要饮用的水量。故选 B。 【21题详解】 篇章结构题。文章第一段指出每天喝八杯水的建议可能是错误的；第二段解释这种误解产生的原因；第三段提出问题 “每天需要喝多少水”，并在第四、五段分别从年龄、体型、体力活动和天气方面阐述影响需水量的因素 ；第六段总结大多数人不用担心缺水，口渴就喝。因此A选项图片符合文章结构。故选A。 【22题详解】 推理判断题。根据 “But try not to have drinks with sugar. They can cause a lot of health problems.” 可知，含糖饮料对健康有害。故选 B。 D You scan a QR code (二维码) to order a meal, but it asks for your phone number. You book a taxi online, and you need to give your address. You go back home and are asked to look into a facial recognition (面部识别) camera. Data (数据) collection is everywhere. However, some companies (公司) collect personal information for selling or telecommunication fraud (电信诈骗). They break the law (法律). China Consumers Association (中国消费者协会) once did a survey of 5,458 people on personal information leaks (泄漏) in 2018. About 85 percent of people said they had experienced leaks from their smartphones. Most said they had got unwanted calls or text messages. The Personal Information Protection Law has come into force in China to solve such problems. It is the first law on personal data protection. It says that a person’s name, date of birth, ID number, address and phone number are all personal information, whether they are in the electronic (电子的) or other kinds. Some kinds of personal information are regarded as sensitive (敏感的), such as fingerprints, faces, medical health, financial accounts (金融账户) and all data on children under the age of 14. According to the law, collecting, using and keeping personal information will be strictly controlled. One key rule is that users should know and agree to give their personal information. The rules are even stricter about sensitive information. For example, if companies want personal information of a child under the age of 14, their parents must know and agree first. 23. About ______ people had experienced leaks from their smartphones according to the survey. A. 5458 B. 4,639 C. 4,000 D. 3,800 24. ______ most probably contains sensitive personal information. A. A letter B. A birthday card C. An e-mail D. An ID card 25. According to the last paragraph, how is personal information protected? A. It can only be given with users’ agreement. B. People can’t give sensitive information to anyone. C. Only parents can know their children’s information. D. Companies can’t collect users’ information anytime. 26. Which of the following is True according to the passage? A. Selling personal information breaks the law. B. You must call back after you get unwanted calls. C. We can find anyone’s personal information online. D. Phone numbers in the electronic kind are not personal information. 【答案】23. B 24. D 25. A 26. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了个人信息收集无处不在，一些公司收集个人信息用于售卖或电信诈骗，违反了法律。中国实施了《个人信息保护法》来解决这些问题，规定了个人信息的范围，以及收集、使用和保存个人信息的规则。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据“China Consumers Association (中国消费者协会) once did a survey of 5,458 people on personal information leaks in 2018. About 85 percent of people said they had experienced leaks from their smartphones.”可知，5458×85%=5458×0.85=4639.3≈4639，所以大约4639人经历过智能手机的信息泄露。故选B。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Some kinds of personal information are regarded as sensitive (敏感的), such as fingerprints, faces, medical health, financial accounts (金融账户) and all data on children under the age of 14.”可知，身份证上包含了如姓名、身份证号等信息，身份证最有可能包含敏感个人信息。故选D。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据“According to the law, collecting, using and keeping personal information will be strictly controlled. One key rule is that users should know and agree to give their personal information.”可知，个人信息的收集、使用和保存会被严格管理，关键规则是用户应该知道并同意提供个人信息，所以个人信息只有在用户同意的情况下才能被提供。故选A。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据“However, some companies (公司) collect personal information for selling or telecommunication fraud (电信诈骗). They break the law”可知，一些公司收集个人信息用于售卖或电信诈骗，这种行为是违法的，所以售卖个人信息是违法的。故选A。 第二节 阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 阅读短文，从下面所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 Choosing a job isn’t always easy but important. Plans for your future job will have great influence (影响) on your whole life. ___27___ Know yourself well. Firstly, follow your heart and your personality (性格)—if you’re not very outgoing (外向的), don’t go for a sales job, though you can get much money. ___28___ If you do well in getting along with children, to be a teacher may be a fantastic choice. Do something of value. Generally speaking, people get more satisfaction (满足) out of their jobs if they feel they are doing something valuable for others. ___29___ Just imagine what our city would be like without cleaners? ___30___ Some lucky people get it right first time—they choose a job, find they love it and stick at it. But it isn’t always like that. So remember—you can change your mind! There’s no need to let it worry you for years: maybe you’ve got three or four possible things you’d like to do, so choose your favourite and try it. Making a clear plan for your future job is meaningful. The best preparation for tomorrow is doing the best today. Remember to be responsible for yourself when you are young. A. Here’s some advice for you. B. Your first choice isn’t forever (永远). C. Keep doing an important job. D. It could be a helpful job, like being a cleaner. E. Secondly, think about what you are really good at. 【答案】27. A 28. E 29. D 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何选择工作给出了一些建议。 【27题详解】 根据下文“Know yourself well.”以及“Do something of value.”可知，此处为一个承上启下的句子，而下文列出了一些建议，所以此处应是提供一些建议；选项A“这是给你的一些建议。”符合语境。故选A。 【28题详解】 根据上文“Firstly, …”可知，此处应是指其次要做什么；选项E“其次，想想你擅长什么。”符合语境。故选E。 【29题详解】 根据下文“Just imagine what our city would be like without cleaners?”可知，此处列举清洁工的工作；选项D“这可能是一份有用的工作，比如当清洁工。”符合语境。故选D。 【30题详解】 根据下文“Some lucky people get it right first time—they choose a job, find they love it and stick at it. But it isn’t always like that. So remember—you can change your mind!”可知，此处是指第一选择是可变的，需要根据自己的实际作出调整；选项B“你的第一选择不是永远的。”符合语境。故选B。 三、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 While you are in trouble, what are you going to do? Cry? Or run away? Robinson Crusoe can tell you the ____31____ answer. It is an exciting story. Robinson Crusoe hated the comfortable life in his hometown. So he wanted to be a seaman and travelled around the world. But one day, a terrible thing happened. A great storm came and their boat crashed (失事). No one was alive in this accident except Robinson. He was the ____32____ man in the world, because all his friends were dead but he was alive. ____33____, at the same time he was the most tragic (悲惨的) man of all. He must face the fact—____34____ on an island without food or tools! But all roads ____35____ to Rome (罗马)! He just used his hands to work hard! Then he made a cave (洞穴), built a house, grew corn and kept goats. In the end, he could ____36____ his life on the island. In his twenty-fourth year on the island, he ____37____ a wild man and named him “Friday”. With Robinson’s teaching, “Friday” became a good helper. Finally, they got a boat and ____38____ the island. Surely the writer of Robinson Crusoe is really a hero! It’s too hard to describe (描述) Robinson with words. We could say that Robinson was very clever and also he was ____39____. Certainly too many good words can describe him. But now I think it isn’t important. The most important thing is _____40_____ we have learned from the story. That is to use our own hands to work hard with confidence and never give up! 31. A. wrong B. right C. opposite D. same 32. A. kindest B. luckiest C. happiest D. busiest 33. A. However B. Suddenly C. Surprisingly D. Simply 34. A. afraid B. alone C. asleep D. awake 35. A. go B. pass C. lead D. push 36. A. forget B. enjoy C. lose D. imagine 37. A. killed B. saved C. hurt D. raised 38. A. lived on B. left for C. went away from D. cleaned up 39. A. stupid B. truthful C. brave D. crazy 40. A. how B. what C. why D. who 【答案】31. B 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. C 36. B 37. B 38. C 39. C 40. B 【解析】 【导语】本文通过鲁滨逊荒岛求生的故事来告诉我们，遇到困难时不要退缩，用我们自己的双手充满信心地努力工作，永不放弃，就能战胜一切困难。 【31题详解】 句意：《鲁滨逊漂流记》能告诉你正确的答案。 wrong错误的；right正确的；opposite对面的；same相同的。根据“While you are in trouble, what are you going to do? Cry? Or run away?”可知，此处是指《鲁滨逊漂流记》会针对以上问题给出正确的答案。故选B。 【32题详解】 句意：他是世界上最幸运的人，因为他所有的朋友都死了，但他还活着。 kindest最善良的；luckiest最幸运的；happiest最快乐的；busiest最忙的。根据“because all his friends were dead but he was alive.”可知，在事故中只有他存活，所以是幸运的。故选B。 【33题详解】 句意：然而，与此同时，他是所有人中最悲惨的。 However然而；Suddenly突然；Surprisingly惊人地；Simply仅仅。前面说他幸运存活，后面说他处境悲惨，是转折关系，“However”表示“然而”，用于转折，故选A。 【34题详解】 句意：他必须面对这个事实——独自一人在一个没有食物和工具的岛上！ afraid害怕的；alone独自的；asleep睡着的；awake醒着的。根据前文介绍其他人都死了，只留下他自己，可知此处指独自一人在岛上。故选B。 【35题详解】 句意：但条条大路通罗马！ go去；pass通过；lead通往；push推。“All roads lead to Rome.”是固定谚语，意为“条条大路通罗马”。故选C。 【36题详解】 句意：最后，他可以享受在岛上的生活。 forget忘记；enjoy享受；lose失去；imagine想象。根据“Then he made a cave (洞穴), built a house, grew corn and kept goats.”可知，他自己创造了生活中需要的物品，在岛上他开始享受生活。故选B。 【37题详解】 句意：在岛上的第二十四年，他救了一个野人，并给他取名为“星期五”。 killed杀死；saved拯救；hurt伤害；raised筹集。根据下文“‘Friday’ became a good helper.”可知，此处指他救了“星期五”的性命。故选B。 【38题详解】 句意：最后，他们搭上一艘船离开了小岛。 lived on继续生活；left for动身去；went away from从……离开；cleaned up清理。根据“Finally, they got a boat and...the island.”可知，此处指乘船离开了这个岛。故选C。 【39题详解】 句意：我们可以说鲁滨逊很聪明，也很勇敢。 stupid愚蠢的；truthful诚实的；brave勇敢的；crazy疯狂的。根据前文叙述鲁滨逊用自己的双手创造了生活用品，也面对了孤独和危险，说明他既聪明又勇敢。故选C。 【40题详解】 句意：最重要的事情是我们从这个故事中学到了什么。 how怎样；what……的事物；why为什么；who谁。这里需要一个引导词，在从句中作宾语，表示“学到的东西”。故选B。 第二部分 非选择题（共40分） 四、语篇填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Zhang Zeduan ____41____ (creative) the painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival (清明上河图) in the Song Dynasty. He became famous ____42____ he had an excellent ability to express the scenes of everyday life.The painting helps us understand ancient Chinese culture. It is ____43____ (wide) believed that Along the River During the Qingming Festival shows scenes along the Bian River in Bianjing. ____44____ great painting has three main parts. It ____45____ (include) the scenes of the capital, the scenes along the river and the streets inside the city. When you look at it carefully, you will find many interesting scenes. The first part of the painting describes country scenes of farm fields, farmers and other countryside people. In the ____46____ (two) part, different businesses are shown. This is the main point of the whole painting. In the third part, ____47____ (many) shops can be seen along with other buildings than in the other parts. ____48____ an amazing work of art it is! Besides the special artistic value (价值) of the painting ____49____ (it), it also shows us many things about the daily lives of the Song people. So far, people have believed this painting to be one of the _____50_____ (great) works among all the ancient Chinese paintings. 【答案】41. created 42. because 43. widely 44. The 45. includes 46. second 47. more 48. What 49. itself 50. greatest 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了北宋画家张择端创作的《清明上河图》，讲述了他因擅长描绘日常生活场景而闻名，还阐述了这幅画的内容、结构以及其艺术价值和对了解宋代人们日常生活的意义。 【41题详解】 句意：张择端在宋代创作了《清明上河图》。此处需要动词作谓语，“creative”是形容词，其动词形式是“create”，根据“in the Song Dynasty”，动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时“created”。故填created。 【42题详解】 句意：他变得有名是因为他有出色的描绘日常生活场景的能力。“he had an excellent ability to express the scenes of everyday life”是他出名的原因，所以用“because”引导原因状语从句。故填because。 【43题详解】 句意：人们普遍认为《清明上河图》展示了汴京汴河沿岸的景象。“believed”是动词，需要用副词修饰，“wide”的副词形式是“widely”，“It is widely believed that...”是固定句型，意为“人们普遍认为……”。故填widely。 【44题详解】 句意：这幅伟大的画作有三个主要部分。此处特指《清明上河图》这幅画，所以用定冠词“The”表特指，句首首字母大写。故填The。 【45题详解】 句意：它包括都城的景象、沿河的景象和城内的街道。此段介绍《清明上河图》内容，时态为一般现在时，主语“It”是第三人称单数，动词要用第三人称单数形式，“include”的第三人称单数是“includes”。故填includes。 【46题详解】 句意：在第二部分，展示了不同的商业活动。根据“The first part of the painting...In the third part”可知，此处表示“第二部分”，要用序数词，“two”的序数词是“second”。故填second。 【47题详解】 句意：在第三部分，与其他部分相比，可以看到更多的商店和其他建筑。根据“than”可知，此处要用比较级，“many”的比较级是“more”。故填more。 【48题详解】 句意：它是多么了不起的一件艺术作品啊！这是一个感叹句，中心词是“work”，“amazing”是以元音音素开头的形容词，所以用“What an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！”的结构，故填What。 【49题详解】 句意：除了这幅画本身特殊的艺术价值之外，它还向我们展示了很多关于宋代人们日常生活的事情。此处强调画作“本身”，所以用反身代词“itself”。故填itself。 【50题详解】 句意：到目前为止，人们认为这幅画是中国古代所有画作中最伟大的作品之一。“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”意为 “……中最……之一”，横线处用形容词最高级，“great”的最高级是“greatest”。故填greatest。 五、阅读与表达（共4小题，71-73小题，每小题2分，74小题4分；满分10分） 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 As we all know, the International (国际) Volunteer Day is December 5th every year. It started on December 17th, 1985. It’s a day to honor (尊重) volunteers all over the world. Our country now has 450,000 volunteers. They provided more than 4.5 billion hours of volunteer work. Someone says that for students, this kind of work isn’t meaningful and wastes time. But I think that we can get much from it. First of all, volunteering is a good way to open our eyes. We may do something we never do and meet different kinds of people. We can talk with them and get their good ideas. Secondly, volunteers, especially (尤其) students can learn much from practice. As students, we are interested in books and learn some knowledge (知识) from it. After we become volunteers, we will have the chance to put our knowledge into practice. What’s more, volunteering is good for our future job. That is to say, when we take part in other jobs for free, we can get some experience and know how to solve some problems we never met before. In a word, volunteering is a form (形式) of practice and experience. We shouldn’t say no to it. 51. When did the International Volunteer Day begin? _________________________________________________________________ 52. How long did the volunteers in China provide for volunteer work? _________________________________________________________________ 53. How many benefits (益处) does the writer get? _________________________________________________________________ 54. Do you want to be a volunteer? Why? Why not? Write 30 words or more. _________________________________________________________________ 【答案】51. It started on December 17th, 1985. 52. They provided more than 4.5 billion hours of volunteer work. 53. Three. 54. Yes, I want to be a volunteer. Because volunteering can not only help others but also let me learn a lot. I can communicate with different people and gain useful experience. It’s really a meaningful thing. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了做志愿者的好处。 【51题详解】 根据“As we all know, the International (国际) Volunteer Day is December 5th every year. It started on December 17th, 1985.”可知国际志愿者日始于1985年12月17日。故填It started on December 17th, 1985. 【52题详解】 根据“Our country now has 450,000 volunteers. They provided more than 4.5 billion hours of volunteer work.”可知中国的志愿者提供了超过45亿小时的志愿服务。故填They provided more than 4.5 billion hours of volunteer work. 【53题详解】 根据“First of all, volunteering is a good way to open our eyes.”；“Secondly, volunteers, especially (尤其) students can learn much from practice.”以及“What’s more, volunteering is good for our future job.”可知作者给出了三个做志愿者的好处。故填Three. 【54题详解】 开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为Yes, I want to be a volunteer. Because volunteering can not only help others but also let me learn a lot. I can communicate with different people and gain useful experience. It’s really a meaningful thing. 六、书面表达（满分20分） 55. 成长路上，我们历经悲喜。每段经历都如种子在心底生根发芽，让我们收获感悟，学会勇敢和珍惜，逐步成长为更好的自己。请以“An Unforgettable Experience”为题，写一篇短文分享你的经历和感受。 要求：1. 表达通顺，条理清楚，语义连贯； 2. 书写工整，卷面整洁，句式规范，标点符号和大小写使用正确； 3 词数：不少于80词； 4. 文中不能出现真实的人名及校名等。 An Unforgettable Experience ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 An Unforgettable Experience Last summer, I had an unforgettable experience at school. Our class organized a charity sale to raise money for children in poor areas. At first I was nervous because I had to sell handmade soft toys to strangers. However, with encouragement from my friends, I became more confident. I smiled and explained what we wanted to do clearly. Many people encouraged us to do this and some even gave away their clothes and money to the poor areas. In the end, we collected over 1,000 yuan. I felt proud and happy because our efforts could help others. This experience taught me the importance of teamwork and kindness. I will never forget it. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，主题为“An Unforgettable Experience”； ②时态：时态主要为“一般过去时”，用于描述过去的经历； ③提示：写作要点需围绕个人成长中的难忘经历展开，分享经历和感受，考生应注意不要遗漏“成长路上，历经悲喜，收获感悟，学会勇敢和珍惜”等核心要点，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图。借用“成长路上历经悲喜，每段经历都让我们收获感悟”来引出下文要介绍的个人难忘经历； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“经历的背景、过程、感受以及从中学到的道理”几个方面重点介绍难忘经历的具体情况； 第三步，书写结语。表达“这次经历对个人成长的积极影响”的总结性感受。 [亮点词汇] ①at first 起先，首先 ②raise money 筹集资金 ③in the end 最后，最终 [高分句型] ①At first, I was nervous because I had to sell handmade soft toys to strangers.（原因状语从句） ②I smiled and explained what we wanted to do clearly.（宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$