Unit 1 People of Achievement 单词详解 课件-2025-2026学年高二英语人教版选择性必修第一册

People of Achievement ——Word Study UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT Try to become not a man of success, but try rather to become a man of value. — Albert Einstein 努力不是为了功成名就，而是为了成为有价值的人。 ——阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦 Florence Nightingale 弗洛伦斯.南丁格尔(1820.5.12-1910.8.13) 护理事业的创始人和现代护理教育的奠基人。对护理学做出了战略性变革，她采取的循证护理、分析数据、保证卫生三线并行的模式，对如今世界抗击疫情仍有启发。 Bill Gates (1955.10.28) 美国企业家、软件工程师、慈善家、微软公司创始人。 Elon Musk (埃隆.马斯克 1971.6.28) 出生于南非行政首都茨瓦内。企业家、工程师、慈善家。 任太空探索技术公司(SpaceX) CEO、特斯拉CEO、太阳城(Solar City)董事会主席。 Alexander Fleming 亚历山大.弗莱明(1881.8.6-1955.3.11) 英国细菌学家，生物化学家，微生物学家。于1928年首先发现青霉素。后与病理学家弗劳雷、生物化学家钱恩成功用于医治人类疾病，共获诺贝尔生理或医学奖。 Mei Lanfang Great Artist, Cultural Ambassador Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine physiology /ˌfɪziˈɒlədʒi/ n. 生理学；生理机能 physics n. 物理学 physical adj. 身体的，物理的 physicist n. 物理学家 physician n. 内科医师 2. artemisinin /,ɑːtɪ'miːsɪnɪn/ n.【药】青蒿素 3. malaria /məˈleəriə/ n. 疟疾 4 . crucial /'kruːʃəl/ adj. 至关重要的；关键性的 5. vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的 ①be vital to/for 对……至关重要 ②it is vital (for sb) to do sth. (对某人来说)做某事是至关重要的。 ③it is vital that sb (should) do sth 某人做某事是十分重要的 [针对练习] (1)It is vital that we__________(inform) of all developments. 重要的是我们必须熟悉所有的发展情况。 (2)It is vital ________(protect) wild animals. (3)Consideration for other people is vital ________ all of us. 【答案】(1)(should) be informed　(2)to protect　(3)to/for 6.commit /kəˈmɪt/ (committed-committed-committing) vt.承诺；保证(某个人、机构等) vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作活动等) (1) commit oneself to do/doing sth. 承诺/保证做某事 (2) commit sth. to (doing) sth. 把某物投入到某事上 (3) committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的 be committed to (doing) sth. 尽力做某事；承诺做某事 (4) commitment n. 奉献；投入；承诺 He is still committed to the struggle for the equal rights of the black. commit & committed 一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. This is a man who has committed a crime. ____________ 2. There are unconfirmed reports that he tried to commit suicide. ____________ 3. The government must commit itself to improving health care. ____________ 4. A lot of money has been committed to this project. ____________ 犯罪 自杀 承诺 / 保证 投入 [针对练习] (1)He has committed himself ________(support) them. (2)The boy _______(commit) to the care of his aunt yesterday. (3)What really matters about a leader is their _____ (commit) to getting to the right answer and to doing it in the right way. 【答案】(1)to support/to supporting　(2)was committed　(3)commitment　 7. objective (1) n.[C] 目标；目的 (= aim/ goal/ purpose/ intention) e.g. The Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for COVID-19. 中国政府组建一支以探索治疗新冠病毒方法为目的的科学家队伍。 (2) adj. 客观的 [反] subjective an objective attitude 客观的态度 object n. 物体 v. 反对 object to 8. botanical [bəˈtænɪkəl] adj. 植物学的 botany /ˈbɒt(ə)ni/ n. 植物学 botanist n. 植物学家 9. evaluate vt.评价；评估 　 Afterwards, they evaluated the damage caused by the fire. (1) evaluation n．评估；评价　 (2) value n．价值，重要性　 vt.估价；估值；重视，珍视 10. property /ˈprɒpəti / n. (1) [U] 财产；资产 intellectual property (IP) 知识产权 property rights 产权 (2) [C] （常用pl.）性质；特性 chemical/ physical properties 化学性质/物理性质 medical properties 药性 11. distinct /dɪˈstɪŋkt/ adj. (1)清晰的 (clear) (2)有区别的 (different) (1) distinction n.差别；区分；卓著 make/draw a distinction 区分开来 (2) distinguish v.区分，辨别，分清 (3) be distinct from...in... 在...方面与…不同=be different from... The two posters are distinct definitely from each other in style. 12. boil /bɒɪl/vt. & vi.（使）沸腾；煮开；烧开 boiled water boiling water eg: Her rudeness made her boil with anger. (怒不可遏/怒火中烧) 英国著名小说家简·奥斯汀 (Jane Austen) 所著的长篇小说《傲慢与偏见》(Pride and Prejudice) 的开篇第一句，译成中文是： 凡是有钱的单身汉，总想娶位太太，这已经成了一条举世公认的道理。 13. acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢　 “获得” 近义词： acquire, gain , earn, 13. acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢　 (1)acknowledge doing/having done sth. 承认做了某事 acknowledge... as/to be... 认为……是…… acknowledge that... 承认…… (2)acknowledgement n. 承认；确认；鸣谢（常用pl.） He's generally acknowledged ____ the game's finest coach. It is acknowledged ________ he is innocent. as that 14. analyse[ˈænəlaɪz]vt. 分析 15. insist vi. & vt.坚持；坚决要求 (1) insist on/upon (doing)sth. 坚决要求(做)…… (2) insist + (that) … 坚持要求做... (虚拟语气) sb. (should) do sth 坚持认为...(陈述语气 eg: My sister insisted that she was right and that I should make an apology to her. 单句语法填空 ① I wanted to walk to the station, but he insisted on ____________ (drive) me there. ②The doctor insisted that he ________ (be) seriously ill and that he ______________________ (operate) on immediately. driving was (should) be operated 目录 16. conclusion n．结论；推论 (1) arrive at/come to/reach/draw/make a conclusion 得出结论 in conclusion 最后 jump to conclusions 匆忙下结论 (2) conclude v．断定；推断出；得出结论；使结束 In conclusion, no one can easily claim who will win in a tight match. 17. circumstance n. 条件；环境；状况；境况，境遇， (尤指)经济状况 in/under the circumstances 在这种情况下；既然如此 in/under no circumstances 决不 Under no circumstances should the will of the minority override the will of the majority of people. 18. found vt.创建；建立；把……建立在 (1) foundation n. 地基；基础，根据 (2) founder n. 创办者，发起人 (3) found...on... 将……建立在……之上 The People's Republic of China was founded in 1949. Tsinghua University, ________ (found) in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures. The builders are now beginning to lay the ________ (found) for the new school. founded foundation 19. infer [ɪnˈfɜː(r)]: vt. 推断; 推定 注意：refer, infer, prefer, occur, stir 等要双写r后, 再加ed/ing; offer, suffer不双写,直接加ed/ing (1) infer from 从...中推断 (2) inference n.推断 20. passion n．酷爱；激情；盛怒 (1) develop a passion for... 对……产生爱好，培养对……的热情 (2) have a passion for 酷爱…… (3) passionate adj. 热情的；狂热的； The singer could not control his passion. 21. doctorate[ˈdɒktərɪt]n. 博士学位 =doctor’s degree bachelor's degree 学士学位 master's degree 硕士学位 22. consequence n．结果；后果 (1) as a consequence＝in consequence(＝as a result) 结果，因此 as a consequence of / in consequence of = as a result of sth 由于..原因 (2) consequent adj. 随之发生的 consequently adv. 因此，所以 I'm quite willing to take the consequences. 1. Drunk driving has been forbidden. _________ (consequent), traffic accidents are decreasing. 2. She doesn't feel like eating anything ___________________________ (因为) heavy pressure. Consequently in consequence of/as a consequence of 23.remarkable adj.非凡的；显著的；不寻常的 (1) be remarkable for以……著称 (2) remark n.谈论；言论；评述 vt.& vi.谈论；评论；说起 remark on/upon谈论/评论…… (3) remarkably adv.不寻常地 eg. Don’t make remarks on her appearance. 24. sum vi.总结；概括　 n．金额；款项；总数；总和 (1)sum up 总结；概括 (2)to sum up 概括起来说 (3)a sum of 许多，大量；一笔(款项) a large sum of money 一大笔钱 (4)in sum (＝in a word) 总之 (5)summary n. 总结；概要 (6)summarize vt. 总结；概括；概述 To sum up, the succession procedure of house property is very complicated for families with large members. Lavf58.12.100 $$