2026年中考英语动词短语合集+练习

中考动词短语合集 中考动词短语目录 中考动词短语目录 1 1.show短语动词 2 2.make短语动词 2 3.center短语动词 2 4.work短语动词 2 5.live短语动词 3 6.think 短语动词 3 7.leave 动词短语 3 8.wear动词短语 4 9.pick 短语动词 4 10.grow 短语动词 4 11.hand 短语动词 5 12.go有关短语动词 5 13.give动词短语 5 14.stand 短语动词 6 15.turn有关 短语动词 6 16.fill 短语动词 7 17.hang短语动词 7 18.catch 短语动词 7 19.keep 动词短语 7 20. Lay 动词短语 7 21.break 短语动词 8 22.cut动词短语 9 23.put短语动词 9 24.call有关的短语 10 25.set 短语动词 10 26.carry 短语动词 11 27.throw 短语动词 11 28.drop 短语动词 11 29.push动词短语 11 30.check 短语动词 11 31.hold短语动词 12 32. run动词短语 12 33.see 短语动词 12 34.shut动词短语 13 35.come动词短语 13 36.get 短语动词 14 37.knock动词短语 15 38. take动词短语 15 39.kick短语动词 16 40.pull 短语动词 16 42. bring动词短语 16 43. look动词短语 16 44. Send短语 17 45.build短语动词 17 46.fall动词短语 17 47.pour动词短语 18 48.stick短语 18 49.count短语动词 18 50. pass动词短语 18 51.clean 短语动词 19 51. answer短语动词 19 52. blow短语动词 19 54.weigh的动词短语 19 55. pay动词短语 19 56.dress 短语动词 20 中考动词短语+练习合集 1.show短语动词 ①show sb around/round (sth)领(某人)参观;带(某人)巡视 ②show off炫耀自己;卖弄自己 show sb/sth off(1)炫耀;卖弄;显示 (2)使显得漂亮;使夺目;衬托 ③show through/ show through sth(从某物)透出;(从某事)显露 ④show up如约赶到;出现;露面 show up/ show sth up(使)看得见,变得明显,显现出来 show sb up(因举止不妥而)使人难堪,使人尴尬,使人丢脸 2.make短语动词 ① make for sth (1)向…移动SYN head for (2)促成 ② make sb/sth into sb/sth=change/turn/translate/transform A into B 把…变成 ③make off匆忙离开;(尤指)仓皇逃跑 make off with sth偷走某物;顺手牵羊 ④make sb out看透,弄懂(某人) ⑤make sb/sth out(1)看清;听清;分清;辨认清楚 (2)声称;把…说成 make out to do sth /that 从句 (3)(用于否定句和疑问句 )理解;明白(事理) ⑥make towards sth向…移动;朝…走去 He made towards the door. 他向门口走去。 ⑦make up / make yourself/sb up化妆;上妆 ⑧make sth up (1) to form sth 形成;构成 Women make up 56% of the student numbers. 女生占学生人数的56%。 (2) to invent a story, 编造(故事、谎言等) He made up some excuse about his daughter being sick. (3) 铺床;临时搭床 We made up the bed in the spare room. (4) 凑数 We need one more person to make up a team. (5)补上(失去的东西);作出补偿 Can I leave early this afternoon and make up the time tomorrow? ⑨make up for sth弥补;补偿 ⑩make up (with sb)(与某人)言归于好 3.center短语动词 ①centre around/on/round/upon sb/sth centre sth around/on/round/upon sb/sth把…当作中心;(使)成为中心 4.work短语动词 work out vi. ①锻炼身体;做运动 I work out regularly to keep fit. 我经常做运动以保持健康。 ②(问题)逐渐解决;(复杂情况)逐渐化解 Things will work out.情况会好起来的。 ③(以某种方式)发生=turn out work out well/badly ④成功地发展 My first job didn't work out. 我的第一份工作干得不好。 work out (at sth)计算;计算出 work out expensive/cheap算下来贵/便宜 work sb out了解,理解(某人的性格) I've never been able to work her out. 我从未能摸准她的秉性。 work sth out (1)计算;算出 work out the answer 计算出答案 (2) 找到…的答案;解决SYN solve work out a problem 解决问题 (3) to plan or think of sth 计划;思考 (4)制定出…… work out what/where/how...... I've worked out a new way of doing it. 我想出了做这事的一个新方法 5.live短语动词 ① live by sth 按照(某信念或原则)生活 That's a philosophy I could live by. 那就是我所信奉的人生哲学。 ② Live by doing sth 靠做某事赚钱为生(或获取所需) live by fishing 靠捕鱼为生 ③ live for sb/sth以…为主要生活目的;为…而活着 She lives for her work. 她活着是为了工作。 ④ live off sb/sth靠…过活;依赖…生活 She's still living off her parents. 她还在靠父母养活。 live off sth 以食…为生 He seems to live off junk food. 他好像靠吃垃圾食品为生。 ⑤ live on 继续活着;继续存在 She died ten years ago but her memory lives on. Live on sth(1) 以食…为生 Small birds live mainly on insects. 小鸟主要靠食昆虫为生。 (2) 仅以(一种或几种食物)为主要食物 She lives on burgers. 她只喜欢吃汉堡包。 (3) 靠(…钱)生活 You can't live on forty pounds a week. 你靠每周四十英镑没法过活。 ⑥ live through sth 经历(灾难或其他困境)而幸存 He has lived through two world wars. ⑦ live together =live with sb 在一起生活 ⑧ live up to sth达到,符合,不辜负(他人的期望) He failed to live up to his parents' expectations. IDIOMS 习语 ① bring sth alive 使有趣 The pictures bring the book alive. 图片使得这本书生动有趣。 ②come alive (1) (主题或活动 )引起兴趣;生动起来 SYN come to life The game came alive in the second half. 比赛在下半场变得有看头了。 (2) ( 地方 ) 热闹起来;活跃起来 SYN come to life The city starts to come alive after dark. (3) (人) 兴致勃勃;有精神起来 She came alive as she talked about her job. 6.think 短语动词 ①think about/of sb/sth (1)考虑到;关心;替…着想 (2) to consider doing sth 考虑,打算(做某事) Don't you ever think about other people? 难道你就从来没有考虑过别人? She's thinking of changing her job. 她在考虑换工作。 ②think ahead (to sth)预先考虑;预想;预先计划 ③think back (to sth)回想;追忆 I keep thinking back to the day I arrived here. ④think for yourself 独立思考;自行决定 ⑤think of sth/sb (1) 想出;构思出(2)(尤与can连用 ) to remember sth/sb 记得;想起 Have you thought of a name for the baby yet? 你想好给孩子起什么名字没有? I can't think of her name at the moment. 我一时想不起她的名字。 ⑥think of sb/sth as sb/sth把…看作;把…视为 I think of this place as my home. 我把这个地方当成了家。 ⑦think sth over(尤指在作出决定前)仔细考虑,慎重思考 He'd like more time to think things over. 他希望有更多的时间把情况考虑周详。 ⑧think sth up想出;发明 Can't you think up a better excuse than that? 7.leave 动词短语 ① leave sth aside=not consider sth 不予考虑;搁置一边 ②leave sb/sth behind (1)比…取得好得多的进展;超过(2)永久离开(某人、某地或某国(3)忘了带;丢下 ③ leave off=to stop doing sth 停止(做某事);中断 ④ leave sb/sth off (sth)= to not include sb/sth on a list, etc. 不把…列入;不包括;不含 ⑤ leave sb/sth out (of sth) 不包括;不提及;排除 ⑥be left over (from sth)剩下;残留 There was lots of food left over. 饭菜剩下了不少。 ⑦ leave/let sb alone 不打扰;不惊动 leave/let sth alone 不碰;不变动;不移动 8.wear动词短语 ①wear your heart on your sleeve让感情外露;把心事挂在脸上 ②wear sb/sth down(尤指通过不断攻击或施加压力)使衰弱,使意志薄弱 ③ wear out/ wear sth out 磨薄;穿破;磨损;用坏 He wore out two pairs of shoes last year. ④ wear yourself/sb out使疲乏;使筋疲力尽;使厌烦 The kids have totally worn me out. 9.pick 短语动词 ① pick on sb/sth (1)(跟某人)闹别扭;故意刁难挑剔(2)挑选;选中 ② pick sb/sth out (1)精心挑选 (2)认出来;辨别出 He picked out the ripest peach for me. See if you can pick me out in this photo. ③ pick up (1)改善;好转;增强 Trade usually picks up in the spring. 贸易一般在春天回升。 The wind is picking up now. 现在风愈刮愈大了。 (2)重新开始;继续 Let's pick up where we left off yesterday. 咱们从昨天停下的地方继续吧。 (3)(为某人)收拾,整理 ④pick up /pick sth up= answer a phone 接电话 ⑤ pick sb up (1) (开车)接人 SYN collect I'll pick you up at five. 我五点钟来接你。 (2) 让人乘车;搭载 The bus picks up passengers outside the airport. 公共汽车在机场外接送乘客。 (3)(从海里或危险处)营救,搭救 A lifeboat picked up survivors. 救生艇把幸存者救起来。 (4) ( 警察 )逮捕;抓捕He was picked up by police and taken to the station for questioning. (5) 使人觉得舒服;提神 Try this—it will pick you up. 尝尝这个,能让你提提神的。 ⑥pick sb/sth up (1) 拿起;举起;提起 She went over to the crying child and picked her up. (2) 接收(信号、声音、图像等) We were able to pick up the BBC World Service. ⑦ pick sth up (1)(偶然)得到,听到,学会 to pick up bad habits 染上坏习惯 She picked up Spanish when she was living in Mexico. 她旅居墨西哥时顺便学会了西班牙语。 (2) 辨认;识别出 Scientists can now pick up early signs of the disease. (3 取回;收集 I picked up my coat from the cleaners. 我从干洗店取回了外衣。 (4)得;感染;得到 pick up a terrible cold 染上了重感冒。 I picked up ￡30 in tips today. 我今天得到30英镑的小费。 (5)找到;跟踪;追寻 to pick up the scent of an animal 追踪动物的臭迹 (6) 察觉;发现;注意到 (7) 收拾;整理 Will you pick up all your toys? to pick up a room 整理房间 ⑧pick yourself up跌倒后)站起来 He just picked himself up and went on running. 他爬起来继续跑。 She didn't waste time feeling sorry for herself—she just picked herself up and carried on. 10.grow 短语动词 ① grow apart (from sb)(与某人)逐渐疏远,渐渐产生隔阂 ② grow up grown-up adj. 成熟的;成年的;长大的 n. 大人;成人 (1) (人 )长大;成熟;成长 She grew up in Boston. 她在波士顿长大。 (2)逐渐发展;形成 A closeness grew up between the two girls. 这两个女孩的关系越来越亲密。 11.hand 短语动词 ①hand sth around/round传递,分发(尤指食物或饮料) ②hand sth back (to sb) 归还某物 ③hand sth down (to sb) (1)把某事物传下去;传给(后代)(2)正式宣布;公布 ④hand sth in (to sb)提交,呈交,上交(尤指书面材料或失物) ⑤hand sth out (to sb)分发某物;提出,给予(建议、惩罚等) ⑥hand sth over (to sb) =hand over (to sb)=hand sth over (to sb) 把(权力或责任)移交给(某人) hand sb/sth over (to sb) 把某事物 某人正式交给(某人) 12.go有关短语动词 ①to go (1) remaining剩下的;还有的 (2)(食品)外卖的;带出餐馆(或商店)吃的 I only have one exam to go. 我只剩一门考试了。 Two pizzas to go. 来两份比萨饼,带走。 ②go ahead (1)走在前面;先走;(2)发生;进行 go ahead (with sth)(尤指经某人允许,或有人表示怀疑或反对后)开始做,着手干 ③go along (1)继续;(2)进展;发展 go along with sb/sth=to agree with sb/sth 赞同某事;和某人观点一致 ④go back (to...)回到,返回(某地) go back to her husband go back (to sth)(1)回忆起;回到(原来的话题);(2)追溯到;回溯到 go back to sth重新开始;重操旧业 The kids go back to school next week. 孩子们下周开学。 ⑤go by(时间 )流逝;过去 as time goes by ⑥go down ①倒下;落下;倒在地上;②(船等)下沉,沉没;③(日、月)落到地平线下,落下; ④(物价等)下跌;(温度等)下降 ⑤(质量)下降 ⑦go off (1)开火;爆炸 (2)(警报器等)突然发出巨响 (3)(电灯)熄灭;(电)中断;停止运行 (4)(食物、饮料)变质,变 (5)(质量)下降 (6)离开(尤指去做某事)(7) fall asleep 入睡;睡着 Go off well/badly (演出等)成功/不成功 The show went off very well. ⑧go on ①(演员)上场,出场 She doesn't go on until Act 2. 她要到第2幕才出场。 ②(灯)亮;通(电);开始运行 Suddenly all the lights went on. 突然所有的灯都亮了。 ③流逝;过去 She became more and more talkative as the evening went on. 夜渐深,她的话越来越多。 ④be going on = to happen 发生 What's going on here? 这儿出了什么事? ⑤(情况、形势)继续下去,持续 This cannot be allowed to go on. 决不允许这种情况继续下去。 go on (with sth)(尤指停顿或中断之后)继续做(某事) That's enough for now—let's go on with it tomorrow. go on doing sth不停地做某事 He said nothing but just went on working. go on to sth进而转入另外一件事;接着开始另一个项目 Let's go on to the next item on the agenda. go on to do sth(完成某事后)接着做另一事 The book goes on to describe his experiences in the army. ⑨go out ①外出交际;外出娱乐 go out doing sth ②退潮;落潮③(广播或电视节目)播放,播出 ④(新闻或消息)发布,公布,发表⑤(火或灯光)熄灭⑥送出;发出;派出 go out (of sth)①(竞赛等中)被淘汰,出局; ②过时;不再流行 ⑩go over sth①仔细检查(或审查、查阅)某事; ②反复研究;仔细琢磨 Go over your work before you hand it in. 把作业仔细检查后再交。 He went over the events of the day in his mind . 他心里反复琢磨白天发生的事。 (11) go through(法律、合同等正式)通过,接受,达成 The deal did not go through. 这笔交易未谈成。 go through sth ①仔细察看某事物;检查某事物;审查某事物 ②经历;遭受 ③用完;耗尽 go through with sth 完成(或做完)艰难(或令人不快)的事 (12)go for sth①选择某物 I think I'll go for the fruit salad. 我想要水果色拉。 ②努力争取某事物 Go for it , John! You know you can beat him. 13.give动词短语 ①give up投降;认输;放弃 They gave up without a fight. 他们不战而降。 give sb up (1)对某人的到来(或康复、能否找到等)不再抱有希望 (2)与某人断绝关系;不再与某人交往 give sth up (1)停止;中止;放弃;抛弃 give up doing sth give sth up (to sb)把…交给(或让与) give up on sb 对…不再抱希望(或不再相信) ②give off vt.发出,放出(气味、热、光等) ③give away vt. (1)捐赠;(2)颁布,分发;(3)失去,丧失(优势);(4)泄露 ④give back vt. (1)归还;送回 (2)使恢复;使重新获得 ⑤give in (to sb/sth 屈服,让步 give sth in (to sb)呈上;交上=hand sth in (to sb) ⑥give out vi.(1)用完,耗尽;(2)停止运转 give out sth (1)分发;散发 (2)发出,放出(热、光等) (3)公布;宣布;播放 14.stand 短语动词 ① stand by(1)袖手旁观;无动于衷;(2)做好准备 ②stand by sb支持;帮助;忠于 stand by sth仍然遵守诺言(或协议等) ③ stand out (as sth)出色;杰出;更为重要 stand out (from/against sth)显眼;突出 outstanding adj. 优秀的;杰出的;出色的 突出的;明显的;重要的 ④ stand up站起;站立;起立 You'll look taller if you stand up straight . 站直身子,你会显得高些。 stand up for sb/sth=support or defend sb/sth 支持;维护 stand up (to sth)经得起(检验、审查等) stand up to sth( 材料、产品等 )能承受,经受得住,耐(…) ⑤stand for sth (1)(指缩写或符号)是…意思,代表(2) 支持;主张(3) not stand for sth容忍;忍受 15.turn有关 短语动词 ①turn against sb/ turn sb against sb使)与…反目成仇,变得敌对 ②turn (sb/sth)around/round (1)(使)翻身,转身,翻转(2)(使企业、经济等)好转,扭转,有起色 Turn around and let me look at your back. 转过身去让我看看你的后背。 I turned my chair round to face the fire. 我把椅子转过来面向火炉。 ③ turn your back on sb/sth ①对……置之不理 How can you turn your back on your mother? ②转身背对某人 Angrily, she turned her back on him. ④ turn sb/sth down拒绝,顶回(提议、建议或提议人) Why did she turn down your invitation? 她为什么谢绝你的邀请? turn sth down把…调低;关小 turn down the radio ⑤turn (from sth) into sth变成某事物 Our dream holiday turned into a nightmare. ⑥ turn sb/sth (from sth) into sth使(从…)变成 The prince was turned into a frog by the witch. ⑦turn off / turn off sth拐弯;转入另一条路 Is this where we turn off? turn off不再听;不再想 turn sb off使厌烦;使失去兴趣 turn sth off关掉,截断(电流、煤气、水等) to turn off the light 关上灯 ⑧turn sth on接通(电流、煤气、水等);打开 I'll turn the television on. ⑨turn out (1)(与副词或形容词连用,或用于以how引导的疑问句 ) …地发展(或发生);结果… Despite our worries everything turned out well. 尽管我们都很担心,结果一切都顺利。 (2)原来是;证明是;结果是 The job turned out to be harder than we thought. 这工作结果比我们想象的要难。 ⑩turn over 翻身;翻转 If you turn over you might find it easier to get to sleep. turn sth over使翻个儿;使翻转 turn sth over to sb把…移交给(他人管理) turn sth over to sth改变,转变(用途或功能) (11)turn to sb/sth向…求助(或寻求指教等) She has nobody she can turn to. 她求助无门。 (12)turn up (1)(尤指失去后偶然)被发现,被找到(2) (人)到达;来到;露面(3) (机会) 偶然出现;到来 (13)turn sth up ①开大,调高(音量、热量等)②找到;发现 (14)turn to sb/sth向…求助(或寻求指教等) She has nobody she can turn to. 她求助无门。 (15)turn sth in①交还,退还(不再需要的东西)②上交;呈交;提交 16.fill 短语动词 ① fill sth in (1)填写(表格等)(2) 消磨,打发(时间) fill in an application form 填写申请表 He filled in the rest of the day watching television. 他看电视打发了那天余下的时光。 ②fill up (with sth)/ fill sth up (with sth)充满;(使)填满;装满 The ditches had filled up with mud. 沟渠中积满了淤泥。 to fill up the tank with oil 把油罐装满油 17.hang短语动词 ①hang around (...)(在某处附近)等待,逗留,闲荡 You hang around here in case he comes, and I'll go on ahead. hang around with sb(和某人)长时间待在一起,泡在一块儿 ② hang on(1)抓紧 (2) 等一下;停一下(3)等待某事发生;等候(4)别挂电话,等一下(5)在逆境中)坚持,不放弃 ③ hang on to sth抓紧某物 ④hang out常去某处;泡在某处 ⑤ hang up挂断电话 hang up on sb突然挂断某人的电话 18.catch 短语动词 ①be/get caught up in sth被卷入;陷入 ② catch up (with sb)= catch sb up ) 赶上,追上(某人);赶上,达到(某水平) 19.keep 动词短语 ① keep away (from sb/sth)避免接近;远离;勿靠近 keep sb/sth away (from sb/sth)不让接近某人(或某事物);使离开 ②keep from sth / keep yourself from sth忍住(或克制自己)不做某事 She could hardly keep from laughing. 她差一点儿笑了出来。 keep sb from sth=prevent sb from doing sth 阻止(或防止、阻碍)某人做某事 ③ keep off(雨、雪等)未下 keep sb/sth off / keep sb/sth off sb/sth使…不接近(或不接触、远离)某人 事物 ④keep out (of sth)不进入;留在外面 keep sb/sth out (of sth)使不进入;防止进入;把…关在外面 Keep that dog out of my study! keep out of sth / keep sb out of sth避免某事;使不卷入某事;使置身于…之外;使不受…的影响 ⑤ keep to sth(1)不偏离(或不离开)道路等SYN stick to sth(2)遵守(或信守、履行)诺言 Keep to the track—the land is very boggy around here. 顺着道儿走—这一带到处是沼泽地。 keep to an agreement/an undertaking/a plan 遵守协议;信守承诺;执行计划 ⑥keep sth to yourself对…秘而不宣(或保守秘密);不将…说出去 I'd be grateful if you kept this information to yourself. 你要是不把这消息传出去,我会不胜感激的。 ⑦keep up(天气)持续不变 The rain kept up all afternoon.雨下了整整一个下午。 ⑧keep up (with sb/sth)(与…)齐步前进,并驾齐驱;跟上 keep up with sb与(某人)保持联系 keep up with sth熟悉,了解(消息、形势等) 20. Lay 动词短语 ① vt.使处于特定状态(尤指困境 lay a responsibility/burden on sb 把责任 重担加于某人身上 ②(与名词连用构成短语,其含义与该相关名词的动词相同) lay the blame on sb (= to blame sb) 归咎于某人 lays great stress on sth 强调 ③lay sth aide= set aside(1)把…放在一边(或搁置一旁)(2) = put aside留存备用 He laid aside his book and stood up. 他把书放在一边站了起来。 They had laid money aside for their old age. 他们存钱防老。 ④lay sb off解雇 n. lay-off ⑤lay sth out (1) 铺开;摆开;展开 He laid the map out on the table. 他把地图在桌子上展开。 (2)布置;策划;安排;设计 The gardens were laid out with lawns and flower beds. 花园里布置了草坪和花坛。 (3) 清晰谨慎地提出,策划(计划、论点等)SYN set out All the terms and conditions are laid out in the contract. 所有的条款与条件在合同中均已清楚地列明。 (4) to spend money 花钱 I had to lay out a fortune on a new car. 21.break 短语动词 ①break away (from sb/sth) (1) 突然挣脱;逃脱 The prisoner broke away from his guards. 犯人挣脱了看守。 (2) 脱离,背叛(政党、国家等,尤指再组建新的) ②break down (1) (机器或车辆 ) 出故障;坏掉 The telephone system has broken down. 电话系统瘫痪了。 (2) 失败 Negotiations between the two sides have broken down. 双方谈判失败了。 (3) 被搞垮;垮掉 Her health broke down under the pressure of work. 她因工作压力身体垮掉了。 (4) 情不自禁地哭起来 He broke down and wept when he heard the news. (5)划成部分(以便分析) ③break sth down(1)打倒,砸破(某物) (2) 破坏,消除(尤指某种感情或态度) break down sb's shyness 驱除某人的胆怯 (3) to divide sth into parts 把…分类;划分 (4)使分解(为);使变化(成) ④ break in强行进入;破门而入 Burglars had broken in while we were away. ⑤break into sth (1)强行闯入;撬开(汽车等) We had our car broken into last week. 我们的车上周被撬了。 (2)突然开始(笑、唱等) break into loud applause. ⑥ break off断开;折断;停顿;中断 break sth off使折断;突然终止 They've broken off their engagement. 他们突然解除了婚约。 ⑦break out(战争、打斗等不愉快事件 )突然开始;爆发 break out (of sth)逃离(某地);摆脱(某状况) ⑧break through作出新的重大发现;取得突破 make/achieve a breakthrough 作出 取得突破性进展 Scientists think they are beginning to break through in the fight against cancer. break through/break through sth (1) 冲破;突破 Demonstrators broke through the police cordon. 示威群众冲破了警方的警戒线。 (2) (太阳或月亮 ) 从云层后露出 The sun broke through at last in the afternoon. break through sth 克服;战胜 SYN overcome ⑨break up (1) 粉碎;破碎(2) 结束 (3)散开;解散(4) 变得虚弱;垮掉 (5) 捧腹大笑 ⑩ break sth up (1)拆开;打散(2)结束(关系等);关闭(公司等)(3)(尤指用武力)迫使放弃(某事) Sentences can be broken up into clauses. 句子可以分成从句。 They decided to break up the partnership. 他们决定拆伙。 Police were called in to break up the fight. 有人叫来了警察制止打斗。 break up (with sb)(同某人)绝交 She's just broken up with her boyfriend. (11)break with sth和某事终止关联;破 break with tradition/old habits/the past 破除传统/旧习惯/过去的东西 (12)break the ice (尤指聚会等开始时,用言语或行动)打破隔阂;打头说话 (13)not break the bank花费不太大;支付得起 22.cut动词短语 ①cut sth up切碎 He up the meat on his plate. ②cut sth out (1)裁剪(2)删除(3)阻挡(光线)(4) 停止做(或使用、食用)(5)不让某人参与,把……排除 cut out vi.突然熄火,停止运转 ③Cut sb/sth off (from sb/sth) 切断…的去路(或来路);使…与外界隔绝 ④cut sth. off 切掉,砍掉; 阻挡,阻碍( get in the way of sth) cut sb off(1) 中断(电话通话) cut sb/sth off (1) 打断(某人并阻止其讲话)(2) 停止,中断(供给) ⑤ cut in on sb/sth插嘴 She kept cutting in on our conversation. ⑥cut sth down(自根基部分)砍倒 cut down a tree 齐根砍倒一棵树 ⑦cut sth down (to...) /cut down (on sth)削减,缩小(尺寸、数量或数目) ⑧ be cut out for sth= be cut out to be sth具有所需素质及才能;是…的材料 He's not cut out for teaching. He's not cut out to be a teacher. ⑨ cut across sth=cut through sth 抄近路穿过;走近路 ⑩cut sth back ①cut back (on sth) ) 减少;削减;缩减 to cut back on spending 削减开支 ② 剪枝;修剪 to cut back a rose bush 给玫瑰丛剪枝 (11)cut through sth ①= cut across sth ②cut sth through sth 开辟(出路或通道) 23.put短语动词 ①put sth. aside (1)忽视;不理睬;忘记 (2)储存;保留=put sth by ②put sth. away(1)将…收起;(2)积蓄;攒钱; 猛喝;(3)胡吃海塞 ③put sth before/above sth. 把…看得比…重要 ④ put down ( 飞机或飞行员 ) 降落;着陆 Put sth down (1)搁在(桌子上等);放下 (2)写下;(用笔等)记下 (3)药死(或有病的动物); 人道毁灭 Put sb down as sth 把某人视为(或看作) I'd put them both down as retired teachers. ⑤put sth.forward(1)提出;提议;建议 (2)将…提前 put forward a suggestion 提出建议 ⑥put sth. in (1)安装; (2)打断;插话; (3)花费,耗费,投入(时间、心思等)= put sth into sth )(4)正式提出(要求等) (5)put sth into sth ) 投入,投放(资金等)[+ -ing] Put sth into sth (1)将…注入;使融入(2)花费,耗费,投入(时间、心思等)(3)投入,投放(资金等) He put as much feeling into his voice as he could. 他尽可能把感情融进他的声音。 He's putting a lot of work into improving his French. 他正下功夫提高他的法语水平。 ⑦put sth/sb off ①推迟; ②取消(与某人的会晤或安排);③使反感;使疏远;④使失去兴趣(或热情) ⑧put sth on ①举办,上演②穿戴,涂抹;③增加(体重);④打开 (开关);开动;发动;使运行 ⑤播放(唱片、磁带等);⑥装作,假装 ⑦to provide sth specially 专门提供 She's just putting on her make-up. 她正在化妆呢。 The city is putting on extra buses during the summer. 今年夏天,这城市将额外增开公共汽车。 She put on the brakes suddenly. 她突然踩了刹车。 I put the radio on. 我打开了收音机。 I don't think she was hurt. She was just putting it on . 我想她没有受伤。她只是在装样子 Do you mind if I put some music on? 我放点音乐你不介意吧? She looks like she's put on weight . 她似乎发胖了。 ⑨put sb out (1烦恼;生气 Put sth out ①熄灭;扑灭 ②扔掉; ③生产;制造④出版;广播;公布⑤伸出(手等) He looked really put out. 看来他真生气了。 Firefighters soon put the fire out. 消防人员很快把火扑灭了。 put the rubbish/garbage out 倒垃圾 Have you put out clean towels for the guests? Put your tongue out 伸出舌头(尤作不礼貌的表示) Put your hand/ foot/arm out伸出手/脚/胳膊 ⑩put sth. through完成;达成;使成功 We managed to put the deal through. put sb. through使经受(磨练、痛苦) You have put your family through a lot recently. put sb/sth through (to sb.)(1)给…接通(电话);把…接到 Could you put me through to the manager, please? 请帮我找经理接一下电话好吗? (11) put sth. up ①提升;使升高;抬高 She's put her hair up. 她把头发挽在头上。 Put up my hand举手 put up a flag升旗 ②建造;搭建to put up a building/fence/memorial/tent 盖楼房;架篱笆;修纪念碑;搭帐篷 ③张贴 put up a notice 贴出通知 ④提高;增加 They've put up the rent by ￡20 a month. 他们把每月的租金提高了20英镑。 put sb up ①留某人住在家中 ② 推荐;提名 I wanted to know if she could put me up for a few days. 我想知道她能否让我留宿几天。 The Green Party hopes to put up more candidates in the next election. put up sth(在战斗、竞赛中)显示,表现 (2) 提出(意见等) put up much of a fight抵抗 put up a great performance. 表现好极了 put up an argument/a proposal 提出 举证 建议 (12)put up with sb/sth容忍;忍受 I don't know how she puts up with him. 24.call有关的短语 ①call back/ call sb back再打电话;回电话 ②call for sb(去)接 I'll call for you at 7 o'clock. 我7点钟去接你。 ③call for sth (1) to need sth 需要 (2)(公开)要求 ④call sb in召来,叫来(服务) call in a doctor/the police 请医生 叫警察来 ⑤call sth off取消;停止进行 call off a deal/trip/strike 取消交易 旅行 罢工 ⑥call on/upon sb (1)邀请,要求(某人讲话等);恭请 (2)请求,要求,要(某人做某事) ⑦call sb out要求某人来,召唤出动(尤指处理紧急情况) ⑧call sb up打电话给征召(服役);征召入伍 call sth up使回忆起;使想起=recall 25.set 短语动词 ①set about sth开始做;着手做 set about doing sth She set about the business of cleaning the house. 她动手打扫起房子来。 ②set sb/sth apart (from sb/sth) 使与众不同;使突出;使优于… ③ set sth aside (1)把…放到一旁(或搁到一边)(2)省出,留出(钱或时间)(3)暂时不考虑(或放一放) ④ set sth down(1)写下;记下;登记(2) 制订,规定(规则、原则等) ⑤ set forth 出发;动身;启程 set sth forth陈述;阐明 ⑥set off出发;动身;启程 set sth off(1) 使(炸弹等)爆炸 (2) 使(警报)响起;拉响(警报 (3)引发;激起(4) 衬托;使显得更突出(或更漂亮) That blouse sets off the blue of her eyes. 那件上衣衬托出了她的蓝眼睛。 ⑦ set out (1) 出发;动身;启程 (2)(怀着目标)开始工作,展开任务 set out to do sth They succeeded in what they set out to do. 他们实现了既定的目标。 set sth out(1)安排;摆放;陈列 (2)(有条理地)陈述,阐明 ⑧ set sth up (1)建起;设立;设置set up roadblocks (2) 安排;策划set up a meeting (3) 创建;建立;开办set up a business 开办公司 (4) 安装好,装配好,调试好(设备或机器)(5) 引发;产生 set up a chain reaction set (yourself) up (as sb) 立业;开始从事 set sb up诬陷,冤枉(某人);栽赃 26.carry 短语动词 ①carry sth back to sth使回想起;使回忆 ②carry on继续移动 Carry on with sth. / carry sth on = continue doing sth 继续做;坚持干 He carried on peeling the potatoes. 他不停地削土豆皮。 ③carry sth out履行;实施;执行;落实 to carry out a promise/a threat/a plan/an order 把承诺 威胁 计划 命令付诸行动 ④ carry sth through成功完成;顺利实现 Carry sb through/ carry sb through sth 帮助…渡过难关 Carry through (on/with sth)履行(承诺) He has proved he can carry through on his promises. 他已证明他能履行自己的诺言。 ⑤ carry over(在不同情况下)继续存在,保持下去 27.throw 短语动词 ①throw yourself at sth/sb冲向(人或物);向…猛扑过去 ②throw sth away ①扔掉;丢弃;抛弃 ②失去;错过;浪费;白费 ③throw yourself/sth into sth投身于;热衷于;积极从事 ④throw up= vomit 呕吐 SYN be sick throw sth up呕出(食物) SYN sick up 28.drop 短语动词 ①drop by/in/round drop in on sb drop into sth顺便访问;顺便进入 ②drop out (of sth) ①不再参加;退出;脱离 ②退学;辍学 She started a degree but dropped out after only a year. 她在攻读学位仅一年后就退学了。 ③drop back/behind drop behind sb后退;落后;落在…后面 We cannot afford to drop behind our competitors. 我们可担当不起落后于竞争对手的后 29.push动词短语 ①push sth aside不考虑;不去想 He pushed aside the feelings of fear. 他排除了恐惧。 ②push sth back推迟;延迟 The start of the game was pushed back from 2 p.m. to 4 p.m. 比赛从午后两点延迟到4点才开始。 ③push for sth/ push sb for sth(向某人)反复要求,施压争取… The pressure group is pushing for a ban on GM foods. 压力集团正强烈要求取缔转基因食品。 I'm going to have to push you for an answer. 我将不得不催促你答复了。 ④push sth through使通过;使得到批准 The government is pushing the changes through before the election. 30.check 短语动词 ① check in (at...)(在旅馆、机场等)登记,报到 check sth in托运(行李) We've checked in at the hotel. 我们已经在旅馆登记入住。 ②check into.. 登记入住(旅馆或私立医院) He checked into a top London clinic yesterday for an operation on his knee. ③ check out(经检查)得到证实,获得证明 The local police found her story didn't check out. 当地警方证实她的说法不成立。 check out (of...)结账离开(旅馆等) Guests should check out of their rooms by noon. 客人必须在中午以前办理退房手续。 check sb/sth out调查;查证;核实 察看,观察(有趣或有吸引力的人或事物) Hey, check out that car! 嘿,看看那辆车! We'll have to check him out before we employ him. 我们得先调查一下再雇用他。 check sth out(从图书馆等)借出 The book has been checked out in your name. 这本书已用你的名字从图书馆借出。 31.hold短语动词 ①hold sb/sth back ①拦阻;阻挡② 妨碍进展 hold sth back①不向(某人)透露情况;隐瞒②抑制,控制(感情等);不露声色 hold back information 隐瞒信息 hold back her anger. 勉强压住了怒火。 He bravely held back his tears. 他勇敢地没让眼泪流出来。 , hold back (from doing sth) /hold sb back (from doing sth)(使)犹豫,踌躇 She held back, not knowing how to break the terrible news. 她踌躇着,不知如何说出这一可怕的消息。 I wanted to tell him the truth, but something held me back. 我本想告诉他真实情况,但又开不了口。 ② hold on ① 等着;停住②(在困境或危险中)坚持住,挺住③(电话用语)别挂断,等一下 Hold on a minute while I get my breath back. 稍等一下,让我喘口气。 They managed to hold on until help arrived. 他们勉强坚持到救援到来。 Can you hold on? I'll see if he's here. 等一下行吗?我去看看他在不在。 hold on (to sth/sb) / hold onto sth/sb [ no passive] 抓紧;不放开 Hold on and don't let go until I say so. 握紧,等我让你松手时再松开。 He held onto the back of the chair to stop himself from falling. 他扶住椅子后背,以免摔倒。 ③ hold sth out 伸出手(或胳膊);递出东西 He held out the keys and I took them. 他伸手把钥匙递过来,我接了。 ④hold off(1) (雨或风暴) to not start 不开始;延迟(2) 推迟 hold off doing sth 32. run动词短语 ①run across sb/sth 偶然遇见(或看到) ②run after sb/sth 追逐;追赶 ③run away (from sb/...)突然离开;逃离 ④ run away from sth避开;躲避;回避 ⑤ run into sb偶然遇见,碰到(某人) ⑥run into sth(1)途中遭遇(恶劣天气);(2)遇到(困难等);(3)达到(某种水平或数量) We ran into thick fog on the way home. 在回家的路上,我们遇上了大雾。 to run into danger/trouble/difficulties 遭遇危险 麻烦 困难 Her income runs into six figures. 她的收入达到了六位数。 ⑦ run into sb/sth撞上 He ran his car into a tree. 他开车撞上了一棵树。 ⑧ run out用完;耗尽 Time is running out for the trapped miners. 被困矿工的时间不多了。 ⑨ run out (of sth) 用完,耗尽(供应品) We ran out of fuel. 我们把燃料用光了。 ⑩run sb/sth over (车辆或司机 )撞倒并碾轧 Two children were run over and killed. 两名儿童被轧死了。 run over sth 快速阅读(或练习) (11 ) run through sth ①快速穿越;迅速传遍 ②[no passive] 遍布 A deep sadness runs through her poetry. 她的诗充满了深深的感伤。 ③匆匆讨论;快速阅读;很快地重复 He ran through the names on the list. ④to use up 挥霍 She ran through the entire amount within two years. (12)run down /run sth down①耗尽能量;停止工作②逐渐失去作用;萎缩;衰减 The battery has run down. 电池没电了。 If you leave your headlights on you'll soon run down the battery. 33.see 短语动词 ①see sb off (1) 为…送行;送别 (2) 赶走,驱逐(某人) ② see through sb/sth 看透;识破 ③ see to it that...=to make sure that... 确保;务使 Can you see to it that the fax goes this afternoon? 你保证今天下午就把传真发出去,行吗? 34.shut动词短语 ① shut down(工厂、商店或机器等 ) 关张;停业;倒闭;关闭;停止运转 ②shut sth down (使)关张,停业,倒闭,关闭,停止运转 ③shut sb/yourself in (sth) 把某人(或自己)关在房间里;把…关起来 ④ shut off (机器、工具等 ) to stop working 关闭;关上;停止运转 ⑤shut sth off (1)关闭机器(或工具等);使机器(或工具等)停止运转(2) 切断煤气(或水等)的供应;停止供应煤气(或水等) ⑥ shut up(常用来粗暴地让某人停止说话)住口,闭嘴 shut sb up 使某人住口;让某人闭嘴 shut sth up关上(房屋等) shut sb/sth up (in sth)把…关(或藏)起来;把…关(或藏)在 35.动词短语 ①come about (that...)=happen 发生 Can you tell me how the accident came about? ②come across=come over (1) 被理解;被弄懂(2)给人以…印象;使产生…印象 He spoke for a long time but his meaning didn't really come across. She comes across well in interviews. 她在面试中常给人留下很好的印象。 come across sb/sth(偶然)遇见,碰见,发现 I came across children sleeping under bridges. come across (with sth)(需要时)提供,供给,给予 I hoped she'd come across with some more information. 我希望她能再提供更多的信息。 ③come along (1)到达;抵达;出现 (2)跟随;跟着来 (3) 进步;进展 (4) (用于命令)赶快,加把劲 When the right opportunity comes along, she'll take it. 适当的机会来临时,她会抓住的。 I'm glad you came along. 有你跟我一起来,我很高兴。 Come along! It's easy! 再加把劲!这很容易! Your French has come along a lot recently. 你的法语最近进步很大。 ④come back(1) 回来;返回 You came back (= came home) very late last night. (2)再度流行;再次成功 Long hair for men seems to be coming back in. come back (to sb) 恢复记忆;回想起 It's all coming back to me now. 现在我全都回想起来了。 come back to sth回到(主题、想法等)上来 It all comes back to a question of money. ⑤ come by(为看望某人)作短暂拜访 She came by the house. 她来住所看了一下。 come by sth(1) 设法得到(或获得)(2) to receive sth 收到;得到 Jobs are hard to come by these days. 如今找工作很难。 How did you come by that scratch on your cheek? 你脸颊上的抓伤是怎么来的? ⑥come down with sth患,得,染上(小病) I think I'm coming down with flu. 我想我得了流感。 come down on sb 斥责;训斥;惩罚 Don't come down too hard on her. 不要太严厉地责备她。 come down (to sb)(从很久以前)流传下来 The name has come down from the last century. come down(1)崩塌;坍塌 The ceiling came down with a terrific crash. 随着一声可怕的巨响,天花板塌了下来。 (2)雨、雪等 ) 落下;降落 The rain came down in torrents. 大雨滂沱。 (3) (飞机 ) 着陆;降落;从空中坠落 We were forced to come down in a field. 我们被迫降落在田野里。 (4)(价格、温度、比率等)下降,降低 The price of gas is coming down. 煤气价格在下跌。 (5)下垂,向下延伸(到某一点) Her hair comes down to her waist. 她的头发垂至腰部。 ⑦come on(1) ( 演员 ) 登台;出场;上场(2) ( 运动员 ) (比赛中)上场(3)改进;改善;发展;完善(4) (用于命令)快,加油,加把劲(5)(表示知道某人所说的话不正确)得了吧(6) (疾病或某种心情 )to begin 开始(7) (电视节目等 ) to start 开始(8)开始运转(或运行) come on/upon sb/sth 偶然遇见;偶然发现 ⑧come out(1)(太阳、月亮或星星)出现,露出(2) ( 花朵 ) 盛开;开花(3) 出版;发行;发表(4) ( 消息、 真相等 )被获知;为人所知(5)(照片)冲洗(或洗印)清楚(6) 显示;显出(7) 说出;讲出(8) 公开表明 (同意或不同意) The rain stopped and the sun came out. 雨停后太阳出来了。 When is her new novel coming out? 她的新小说何时出版? It came out that he'd been telling lies. 后来才知道他一直在说谎。 Her best qualities come out in a crisis. 她的优秀品质在危机时显示了出来。 I tried to say ‘I love you,’ but the words wouldn't come out. He came out against the plan. 他公开表示反对这个计划。 come out (of sth) (1) ( 物体 )(从固定处)除掉,去掉(2) (污垢、污迹等 ) 洗掉;清除 This nail won't come out. 这颗钉子拔不出来。 These ink stains won't come out of my dress. 我衣服上的这些墨水斑点洗不掉。 Will the colour come out if I wash it? 我若用水洗,它会掉色吗? ⑨come up (1) ( 植物 )长出地面;破土而出 (2) (太阳 ) to rise 升起 (3) to happen 发生(4)被提及;被讨论 (5) (事情或时间 )即将发生(或出现、到来)(7)(在博彩游戏中指号码、名字、奖券等)被抽中,中奖(8) 通常用于进行时 ) 来到;马上备妥 ⑩come up with sth 找到(答案);拿出(一笔钱等) She came up with a new idea for increasing sales. 她想出了增加销售量的一个新招儿。 How soon can you come up with the money? 你什么时候能拿出这笔钱? Come up against sb/sth①必须面对某人某事②遭到……的反对③必须处理/面对(问题或困难) (11)come of/from sth是…的结果 That comes of eating too much! 那是吃得太多的结果! (12) come off① to take place; to happen 举行;发生 ② (计划等) 成功;达到预期效果(或结果) ③~ well, badly, etc. (搏斗、比赛等)成功,不成功 ④能被去掉(或除去) Does this hood come off? 这风帽能卸下来吗? That mark won't come off. 那污点去不掉。 (12) come off (sth)从…掉下(或落下) come off your bicycle/horse 从自行车 马上跌下 come off it(粗鲁地表示不同意)别胡扯,别胡说,住口 Come off it! We don't have a chance. 别胡扯了!我们没机会。 36.get 短语动词 ① get ahead of sb 走在(某人的)前面;领先;胜过(某人) ②get away from sb 摆脱(某人);逃离(某地) get away with sth (1)偷携某物潜逃;偷走 (2)受到从轻发落(轻微惩罚)(3)做(坏事)而未受惩罚 ③ get behind with sth 落后;拖延;拖欠 ④ get down to sth开始做某事;开始认真注意(或对待)某事 Let's get down to business . 咱们开始干正事吧。 ⑤ get in/ get into sth (1) 到达 (2) 被录取;被接受入学 get into sth 养成某种习惯;习惯于 Don't let yourself get into bad habits. 别让自己染上恶习。 get into conversation with sb和……谈了起来。 get into a fight 参与斗殴 get into sth get yourself/sb into sth(使)陷入,处于,达到 get into trouble get into difficulties. 陷入困境 ⑥ get on (1) get along (谈及或问及某人)进展,进步(2)获得成功;事业有成 He's getting on very well at school. 他在学校学得很好。 get on with sb/ get on together =get along with sb/ get along (together) (与某人)和睦相处,关系良好 ⑦ get over sth 解决;克服;控制 SYN overcome She can't get over her shyness. 她无法克服羞怯心理。 get over sb/sth 从疾病(或震惊、断绝关系等)中恢复常态 ⑧ get through sth① 消耗掉;用完;耗尽 ②(设法)处理,完成 get through( to sb ) (1)到达(某人处) (2) (用电话)接通,打通,联系上 get through with sth 结束;完成 ⑨ get together (with sb )举行社交聚会;开会 ⑩get up ①站起;起来;起身 SYN rise get up/ get sb up (使)起床 get sth up 安排;组织 get up a party 37.knock动词短语 ①knock sb down (from sth) (to sth) 说服…降价;使降价;杀价 knock sb down/over 打倒(或击倒、撞倒)某人 knock sth down 推倒(或拆掉、拆毁)建筑物 knock sth down (from sth) (to sth) 减价;降价 ②knock off / knock off sth (1)停止某事;中断某事;(2)(尤指)下班,收工 knock sth off(1) 迅速而轻松地完成 (2)偷东西;抢劫某处 knock sth off / knock sth off sth降价;减价;使贬值 They knocked off $60 because of a scratch. 因为有擦痕他们将价格降了60元。 The news knocked 13% off the company's shares. 这消息使公司股价下跌13%。 38. take动词短语 ① take after sb(外貌或行为)像(父或母);追赶;跟踪 ②take sth apart 拆卸,拆散,拆开(机器等) ③ take sth away (1) 解除,消除(感情、痛苦等)(2)(take sth out )(从餐馆买饭菜等)带回食用;买外卖食物 ④ take sth down(1) 拆掉;拆除;拆卸 take down a tent 拆掉帐篷 (2)write sth down 写下;记录 Reporters took down every word of his speech. ⑤ take sb in (1)留宿;收留 He was homeless, so we took him in. (2) [欺骗;蒙骗 Don't be taken in by his charm—he's ruthless. ⑥ take sth in (1) 改小,改瘦(衣服) 反 let out 把衬衣、外套等)放大,放长,加宽 (2)吸入,吞入(体内) Fish take in oxygen