2026届高考英语一轮复习人教版必修第一册熟词新义总结 清单

人教版必修一熟词生义总结 1. lecture n./v.讲座；教训 熟：deliver/give a lecture to first-year students给一年级学生讲课 【n.讲座，讲课 】 She lectures in Russian literature.她讲授俄罗斯文学。 【lecture vi. (in/on sth)（尤指在大学里）开讲座，讲授，讲课】 生：I know I should stop smoking—don't give me a lecture about it.我知道我该戒烟，别再教训我了。【n.教训】 He's always lecturing me about the way I dress.他对我的衣着总是指手画脚的。 【lecture sb (about/on sth)/lecture sb (about doing sth)（尤指恼人地）指责，训斥，告诫】 2. register vi/vt. 注册；登记 显示（读数）；记录 熟：register a birth/marriage/death 登记出生╱结婚╱死亡 【vi/vt.登记；注册】 新：The thermometer registered 32°C.温度计显示读数为32摄氏度。【vi.显示（读数）；记录】 3.anxious adj.焦虑的；不安的； 渴望的 熟:He seemed anxious about the meeting.他似乎对这次会议忧心忡忡。 新：She was anxious to finish school and get a job.她渴望毕业找一份工作。[ 【be anxious to do sth/for sth渴望；非常希望 】 4.impress v. 熟：He impressed her with his sincerity.他的真诚打动了她。 【impress sb (with sth/sb使钦佩；使敬仰；给…留下深刻的好印象】 新：①He impressed on us the need for immediate action.他让我们认识到立刻采取行动的必要。 【impress sth on/upon sb使意识到（重要性或严重性等） ②Her words impressed themselves on my memory.她的话语我铭记在心里。 【impress sth/itself on/upon sth使铭记；给…留下深刻印象】 5.awkward adj. 熟：There was an awkward silence.一阵令人尴尬的沉默。 新：an awkward customer难对付的家伙 6.explore v. 熟：These ideas will be explored in more detail in chapter 7.这些想法将在第7章里作更详细的探讨。 【explore vt.探究；调查研究；探索；探讨】 新：explore (sth) for oil/minerals/gold 勘探石油/矿物/黄金等 7.company n. 熟：the National Bus Company全国公共汽车公司 新：①a theatre/dance, etc. company 剧团、舞蹈团等【剧团；演出团】 ②She enjoys her own company when she is travelling.她喜爱独自旅行。【un.陪伴；做伴】 8.revise v. 熟：I'm revising Geography today.我今天复习地理。【vi/vt.复习】 新：I can see I will have to revise my opinions of his abilities now.我明白我现在不得不改变对他的能力的看法了。 【revise vt.改变，修改（意见或计划）】 9.content n./adj. 熟：a table of contents目录 He tipped the contents of the bag onto the table.他把提包里的东西倒在桌子上。 【contents n.所容纳之物；所含之物；内容】 新：①Your tone of voice is as important as the content of what you have to say.你的讲话声调和你要讲的内容同样重要。 【content n.（书、讲话、节目等的）主题，主要内容】 ②food with a high fat content脂肪含量高的食物【content n.含量；容量】 ③He had to be content with third place.他只好屈居第三名。【be content with 满意 】 10.movement n. 熟：hand/eye movements 手╱眼睛的活动【movement n.（身体部位的）运动，转动，活动】 新：the women's/peace movement 妇女╱和平运动【movement n.（具有共同思想或目标的）运动】 11.clean up v. 熟：to clean up beaches after an oil spillage清理石油泄漏后被污染的海滩【clean up打扫（或清除）干净】 新：This film should clean up at the box offices.这部电影在票房收入上应该能赚大钱。 【clean up v.赢钱；赚大钱；发财】 12.actually adv. 熟：What did she actually say?她到底是怎么说的？【actually adv.的确，真实地，事实上】 新：Our turnover actually increased last year.去年我们的营业额竟然增加了。 【actually adv.（表示想法与事实不一致因而惊奇）居然，竟然】 13.challenge v/n. 熟：She does not like anyone challenging her authority.她不喜欢任何人挑战她的权威。【challenge v.挑战】 新：The opposition leader challenged the prime minister to call an election.反对党领袖要求首相宣布进行大选。 【challenge vt.（尤指在对方不情愿时）强烈建议（某人做某事） 】 14.survive v. 熟：I can't survive on ￡40 a week .一星期40英镑，我无法维持生活。 【survive (from sth)/survive (on sth)/survive (as sth) 生存；存活；继续存在】 Many birds didn't survive the severe winter.很多鸟死于这次严冬。【survive vt.幸存】 新：She survived her husband by ten years.丈夫死后她又活了十年。【survive vt.比…活（或存在）的时间长】 15.attract vt. 熟：What first attracted me to her was her sense of humour.她首先吸引我的是她的幽默感。【attract vt.吸引】 新：His comments were bound to attract criticism .他的说话必然会招致批评。【attract vt.引起（反应）】 16.apply v. 熟： apply for a job/passport/grant申请工作╱护照╱拨款 【apply (to sb/sth) (for sth)申请，请求】 The new technology was applied to farming.这项新技术已应用于农业。【apply sth (to sth) 使用；应用】 新：①Apply the cream sparingly to your face and neck.把乳霜薄薄地抹在脸和脖子上 【apply sth (to sth) 涂；敷；施】 ②The word ‘unexciting’ could never be applied to her novels.“乏味”这个词绝对和她的小说沾不上边儿 【apply to sb/sth涉及；有关】 ③You would pass your exams if you applied yourself.努力学习就会通过考试。 【apply yourself (to sth/to doing sth)t勤奋工作；努力学习】 ④to apply the brakes (of a vehicle)刹车 【apply vt.手压；脚踩】 17.recognize vt. 熟：I recognized her by her red hair.我从她的红头发认出了她。【recognize sb/sth (by/from sth)认识；认出；辨别出】 新：①They recognized the need to take the problem seriously.他们认识到需要严肃对待这个问题。 【recognize sth (as sth)承认；意识到 】 ②He is recognized to be their natural leader.人们都承认他是他们的当然领袖。 【recognize sb/sth (as sth) （正式）认可，接受，赞成】 ③The book is now recognized as a classic.这本书现在是一部公认的经典著作。 【be recognized (as sth)赞赏；赏识；看重；公认】 18.accommodate vt. 熟：The hotel can accommodate up to 500 guests.这家旅馆可供500位旅客住宿。 【accommodate vt.为（某人）提供住宿（或膳宿、座位等） 】 新：① Over 70 minutes of music can be accommodated on one CD.一张激光唱片可以容纳70多分钟的音乐 【accommodate vt.容纳；为…提供空间】 ②I needed to accommodate to the new schedule.我需要适应新的时间表。 【accommodate to sth/~ sth/yourself to sth顺应，适应（新情况）】 19.make up v. 熟：Women make up 56% of the student numbers.女生占学生人数的56%。【make up形成；构成】 He made up some excuse about his daughter being sick.他编了个借口，说他的女儿病了。【make up 编造】 We made up the bed in the spare room.我们在空着没用的屋里搭了张床。【make up 铺床】 新：We need one more person to make up a team.我们还需要一个人才能组成一个队。【make up凑数】 Can I leave early this afternoon and make up the time tomorrow?我今天下午早点儿走，明天补上这段时间，可以吗？【make up 补上（失去的东西）；作出补偿】 Nothing can make up for the loss of a child.失去一个孩子是任何东西都无法弥补的。【make up for 弥补；补偿】 Has he made it up with her yet?他跟她和好了吗？【make up with sb 与某人）言归于好】 20.credit n. 熟：Her credit isn't good anywhere now.她借钱不还，弄得声名狼藉。[credit n.借钱偿还的）信誉，信用】 新：①The bank refused further credit to the company.银行拒绝再给那家公司提供贷款。 【credit n.（从银行借的）借款；贷款】 ②get/refuse credit 允许╱拒绝赊购【credit n.赊购；赊欠】 ③I can't take all the credit for the show's success—it was a team effort.演出成功不能都算成我一个人的功劳，这是集体努力的结果。【credit n. (for sth)赞扬；称赞；认可】 ④She is a credit to the school.她为学校赢得了荣誉。【credit to sb/sth为…赢得荣誉的人（或事物）】 ⑤My math class is worth three credits.我的数学课为三个学分。【credit n.学习单元；学分】 21.check out v. 熟：①Guests should check out of their rooms by noon.客人必须在中午以前办理退房手续。 【check out (of...)结账离开（旅馆等）】 ②The book has been checked out in your name.这本书已用你的名字从图书馆借出。 【check sth out（从图书馆等）借出】 新：①The local police found her story didn't check out.当地警方证实她的说法不成立。 【check out（经检查）得到证实，获得证明】 ②We'll have to check him out before we employ him.我们得先调查一下再雇用他。 【check sb/sth out调查；查证；核实】 ③Check out the prices at our new store!看一看我们新商店的价格吧！ 【check sb/sth out察看，观察（有趣或有吸引力的人或事物）】 22.box n. 熟： a money box钱匣 【box n.盒子】 新：①a box at the opera歌剧院的包厢【box n.（剧院中的）包厢；（法庭中的）专席】 ②a telephone box电话亭【box n.小亭；岗亭】 ③to tick/check a box 在方格里画钩╱做核对记号 【box n.方框；长方格】 Box v.打拳击 boxer n.拳击手；拳击运动员 23.come along v短语 熟：When the right opportunity comes along, she'll take it.适当的机会来临时，她会抓住的。 【come along 到达；抵达；出现】 新：①I'm glad you came along.有你跟我一起来，我很高兴。【come along 跟随；跟着来】 ②Your French has come along a lot recently.你的法语最近进步很大。 【come along 进步；进展】 ③Come along! We're late.快点！我们迟到了。【come along 用于命令）赶快，加把劲】 Come along! It's easy!再加把劲！这很容易！ 24.work out 熟：①锻炼身体；做运动 I work out regularly to keep fit.我经常做运动以保持健康。 ②计算；算出 to work out the answer计算出答案 ③找到…的答案；解决 to work out a problem解决问题 新：①成功地发展 My first job didn't work out.我的第一份工作干得不好。 Things have worked out quite well for us.事情的结果对我们很不错。 ② 了解，理解（某人的性格） I've never been able to work her out.我从未能摸准她的秉性。 ③ 计划；思考 I've worked out a new way of doing it.我想出了做这事的一个新方法。 25.make it ①获得成功 He never really made it as an actor.他从来就不是一个成功的演员。 ②（尤指在困难情况下）准时到达 The flight leaves in twenty minutes—we'll never make it.再过二十分钟飞机就起飞了，咱们无论如何也赶不上了。 ③能够出席（或到场） I'm sorry I won't be able to make it (= for example, to a party) on Saturday.很抱歉，星期六我不能出席。 ④幸免于难；渡过难关 The doctors think he's going to make it.医生认为他能挺过去。 I don't know how I made it through the week.我不知道自己是怎么熬过那个星期的。 26.master n. 熟：①master of sth 主宰；主人；有控制力的人 She was no longer master of her own future.她已无法把握自己的未来。 ②a master (of sth) 能手；擅长…者 a master of disguise精于伪装的人 ③ 狗的男主人 The dog saved its master's life.这条狗救了它的主人。 新：n.①master's = master's degree 硕士学位 He has a Master's in Business Administration.他获得了工商管理硕士学位。 ②士；有硕士学位的人 a Master of Arts/Science 文科╱理科硕士 Master vt. 熟：master new skills/techniques 掌握新的技能╱技术【Master vt. 精通；掌握】 新：She struggled hard to master her temper.她竭力按住性子，不发脾气。【master vt.控制（情绪）】 27.honour n. 熟：①尊敬；尊重；崇敬 They stood in silence as a mark of honour to her.他们肃立以示对她的敬意。 ②荣幸；光荣 It was a great honour to be invited here today.今天承蒙邀请到此，深感荣幸。 新：①[ U]荣誉；名誉；他人的尊敬 upholding the honour of your country捍卫祖国的荣誉 ②[ sing.]~ to sth/sb 引起尊敬（或尊重、崇敬）的人（或事物） She is an honour to the profession.她是这一行业的光荣。 Honour vt. 熟：①be/feel honoured (to do sth)（做某事）感到荣幸 I was honoured to have been mentioned in his speech.他在讲话中提到了我，真是荣幸。 ② honour sb (with sth) 尊敬，尊重（某人） I'm glad to see that you've decided to honour us with your presence !很高兴看到你已决定大驾光临！ ③honour sb/sth (with sth) (for sth) 给予表扬（或奖励、头衔、称号） He has been honoured with a knighthood for his scientific work.他因科研成就而获授爵士头衔。 28.determine v.  /dɪˈtɜːmɪn/ 熟：determine on sth/to do sth决定，决心（做某事） They determined to start early.他们决定早点出发 新：①vt.查明；测定；准确算出 We set out to determine exactly what happened that night.我们着手查明那天晚上发生的事情。 ②vt.定；形成；支配；影响 Upbringing plays an important part in determining a person's character.后天培养对于一个人性格的形成起着重要作用。 ③vt.确定；裁决；安排 A date for the meeting has yet to be determined.会议日期尚待确定。 29.failure n.  /ˈfeɪljə(r)/ 熟：①[ U]失败 The success or failure of the plan depends on you.这项计划的成败取决于你。 ②[ C] 失败的人（或事物） He was a failure as a teacher.他当教师并不成功。 ③[ UC]failure to do sth 未做，未履行（应做之事） Failure to comply with the regulations will result in prosecution.不遵守规章制度将被起诉。 新①[ UC]故障；失灵 patients suffering from heart/kidney, etc. failure 心脏、肾等衰竭的病人 ②[ CU]business failure倒闭 ③[ UC]crop/harvest failure歉收 30.make sense ①有道理；有意义；讲得通 This sentence doesn't make sense.这个句子不通。 ②是明智的；合乎情理 It makes sense to buy the most up-to-date version.买最新的版本是明智的。 ③表述清楚；易于理解；道理明显 John wasn't making much sense on the phone.约翰在电话上说得不大清楚。 ④make sense of sth 理解，弄懂（不易理解的事物） 31.cut sth out 熟：①停止做（或使用、食用） I've been advised to cut sugar out of my diet.有人劝我饮食要忌糖。 ②cut sth out (of sth)（通常用剪刀）剪下 I cut this article out of the newspaper.我从报纸上剪下了这篇文章。 新：① 裁剪 She cut the dress out of some old material.她用一些旧布料裁剪出了那件连衣裙。 ②.删除；删去 I would cut out the bit about working as a waitress.我想删掉有关做女服务员的那段工作经历。 ③阻挡（尤指光线） Tall trees cut out the sunlight.高高的树木遮住了阳光。 ④be cut out for sth/be cut out to be sth具有所需素质及才能；是…的材料 He's not cut out for teaching.他不适于做教学工作。 He's not cut out to be a teacher.他不是当教师的材料 ⑤cut out（马达或发动机）突然熄火，停止运转 ⑥cut sb out (of sth)不让某人参与；把某人排除在…之外 Don't cut your parents out of your lives.别把父母排除在你的生活之外。 32.stress  /stres/ n. 熟：①[ UC] 精神压力；心理负担；紧张 to suffer from stress有精神压力 stress-related illnesses与精神压力有关的疾病 emotional/mental stress 感情╱思想负担 ②[ UC]~ (on sth) 压力；应力 When you have an injury you start putting stress on other parts of your body.一旦受伤，你便会让身体其他部位受力。 新：①[ U]~ (on sth) 强调；重要性 She lays great stress on punctuality.她十分注重守时。 ②[ UC](语音) 重音；重读 We worked on pronunciation, stress and intonation.我们学习了语音、重读和语调。 Stress vt. 熟：stress out/stress sb (out)（使）焦虑不安，疲惫不堪 I try not to stress out when things go wrong.出问题时，我尽量不紧张。 Driving in cities really stresses me (out).在城市里开车让我真的很紧张。 新：①vt.强调；着重 He stressed the importance of a good education.他强调了接受良好教育的重要性。 ②[ VN] 重读；用重音读 You stress the first syllable in ‘happiness’.happiness一词重读第一个音节。 33.flood  /flʌd/ n. 熟：[ CU 洪水；水灾 flood damage洪涝灾害 新：[ C]~ (of sth) 批，大量（的人或事物） a flood of complaints大量投诉 The child was in floods of tears .小孩哭得泪人儿似的。 flood  /flʌd/ v. 熟：①vi/vt.（使）灌满水；淹没 The cellar floods whenever it rains heavily.只要一下大雨地窖就淹水。 If the pipe bursts it could flood the whole house.要是水管破裂整座房子就会灌满水。 ② vi.vt.泛滥；淹没 The river flooded the valley.河水泛滥淹没了河谷。 新：① vi. flood in/into/out of sth 大量涌入；蜂拥而出 Telephone calls came flooding in from all over the country.全国各地的电话像潮水般打来。 ②[ VN] flood sb/sth with sth大量送至；挤满；拥满 The office was flooded with applications for the job.办公室堆满了应征该职的求职信。 ③vi/vt.使大受感动；充满 A great sense of relief flooded over him.他深感宽慰。 The words flooded him with self-pity.这些话使他充满了自怜。 ④vi/vt.照进；覆盖 She drew the curtains and the sunlight flooded in.她拉开窗帘，阳光洒了进来。 She looked away as the colour flooded her cheeks.她双颊泛出红晕，视线转向别处。 34.affect v.  /əˈfekt/ 熟：[ VN]影响 How will these changes affect us?这些变化对我们会有什么影响？ 新：①[ VN] 疾病 ) 侵袭；使感染 The condition affects one in five women.每五个妇女就有一个人患有这种病。 ②[ VN] （感情上）深深打动；使悲伤（或怜悯等） They were deeply affected by the news of her death.她死亡的消息使他们唏嘘不已。 ③vt.假装 She affected a calmness she did not feel.她强装镇静。 Affection n.  (for sb/sth) 喜爱；钟爱 Mr Darcy's affection for his sister达西先生对他妹妹的关爱之情 35.shelter  /ˈʃeltə(r)/ n. 熟：①[ U]t 居所；住处 Human beings need food, clothing and shelter.人类有衣、食、住的需求。 ②[ U]~ (from sth) 遮蔽，庇护，避难（避雨、躲避危险或攻击） to take shelter from the storm躲避暴风雨 ③[ C] (常构成复合词 ) （尤指用以躲避风雨或攻击的）遮蔽物，庇护处，避难处 They built a rough shelter from old pieces of wood.他们用旧木条搭了一个简陋的窝棚。 ④[ C]（无家可归者或受虐待者的）收容所，庇护所 an animal shelter动物收容处 新：shelter  /ˈʃeltə(r)/ v. ①[ VN] ~ sb/sth (from sb/sth) 保护；掩蔽 Trees shelter the house from the wind.树给房子挡住了风。 ②[ V] ~ (from sth) 躲避（风雨或危险） We sheltered from the rain in a doorway.我们在一处门廊里避雨。 36.revive v.  /rɪˈvaɪv/ 熟：vi/vt. （使）苏醒，复活 The flowers soon revived in water.这些花见了水很快就活过来了。 新：[ VN] 重新使用；使重做 This quaint custom should be revived.应该恢复这一独特的风俗 revival n.  /rɪˈvaɪvl/ ①[ UC]（状况或力量的）进步，振兴，复苏 the revival of trade贸易振兴 ②[ CU]复兴；再流行 Jazz is enjoying a revival.爵士音乐再度盛行。 37.sweep v. /swiːp/ (swept swept /swept/ ) 熟：①vi/vt. 扫；打扫；清扫 sweep the floor 清扫地板 新：①vt.（迅猛地）推送，吹走，冲走，带走 The little boat was swept out to sea. 小船被吹到大海的深处去了。 ②vi/vt( of weather, fire, etc. 风、雨、雪、火等 )猛烈吹过；掠过；席卷；横扫 Rain swept in through the broken windows. 雨水从破窗户灌进屋内。 Strong winds regularly sweep the islands. 这些岛屿上经常刮大风。 ③vt.挥动，舞动（手、臂等） He rushed to greet her, sweeping his arms wide. 他张开双臂舞动着，冲过去迎接她。 ④[ V + adv./prep. ]突然袭来 A wave of tiredness swept over her. 她感到浑身疲惫。 Memories came sweeping back. 往事倏地重又浮现在脑海中。 ⑤ vt.（在系列比赛中）获得全部胜利，囊括各项冠军 The Blue Jays have a chance to sweep the series. 蓝鸟队有机会囊括这一系列比赛的冠军。 ⑥ vi/vt 扫视；掠过；搜索 His eyes swept around the room. 他的目光把房间扫视了一遍。 Searchlights swept the sky. 探照灯在空中扫来扫去。 sweep /swiːp/ n, 熟：[ C] 扫；打扫；清扫 Give the room a good sweep. 把房间好好打扫一下。 新：① [ C ]（两支球队对赛其中一方）全胜的一系列比赛；囊括冠军 a World Series sweep 在世界职业棒球系列赛中囊括冠军 ②make a clean sweep (of sth)(1)全部撤换;彻底清除(2)比赛或竞赛中)大获全胜,包揽(所有奖项);获得选举全胜 China made a clean sweep of the medals in the gymnastics events. 中国队在体操比赛中包揽了所有的奖牌。 38.wave  /weɪv/ n. 熟：①[ C] 海浪；波浪；波涛 Surfers flocked to the beach to ride the waves .冲浪者大批集聚到海滩去冲浪。 ②[ C] 挥臂；挥手；招手；摆手 She declined the offer with a wave of her hand.她摆了摆手谢绝了这一提议。 新：①[ C] 汹涌的行动（或思想）态势；心潮；风潮 a wave of opposition/protest/violence, etc. 反对、抗议、暴力等的浪潮 A wave of fear swept over him.一阵恐惧传遍他的全身。 A wave of panic spread through the crowd.一阵恐慌传遍人群。 wave  /weɪv/ v. 熟：①wave (at/to sb)/~ sth (at sb)/~ sth (about/around) 挥手；招手；摆手；挥臂 The people on the bus waved and we waved back.公共汽车上的人挥手致意，我们也向他们挥手。 My mother was crying as I waved her goodbye .我向母亲挥手告别时她哭了。 My mother was crying as I waved goodbye to her.我向母亲挥手告别时她哭了。 ②[ + adv./prep.] 挥手指引，挥手示意（方向） She waved vaguely in the direction of the house.她含糊地朝房子的方向挥了挥手。 ‘He's over there,’ said Ali, waving a hand towards some trees.“他在那儿。”阿里说着朝几棵树挥了挥手。 新：①[ V]（一端固定地）飘扬，飘动，摇晃，起伏 The flag waved in the breeze.旗子在微风中飘扬。 ②[ V] 略呈波形；拳曲 His hair waves naturally.他天生一头鬈发。 ③[ VN] 使…略呈波形；烫（发） She's had her hair waved.她烫发了。 39.strike v. /straɪk/ ( struck struck/strʌk/ 熟：①[ VN] 撞；碰；撞击；碰撞 The child ran into the road and was struck by a car.孩子跑到公路上给车撞了。 The tree was struck by lightning .树遭到雷击。 ②vt.打；击 She struck him in the face.她掴了他一耳光。 ③[ VN] 击打，踢（球等） He walked up to the penalty spot and struck the ball firmly into the back of the net.他走到罚球点，稳稳地把球踢入网内。 新:① vi/vt.侵袭；爆发 Two days later tragedy struck.两天后悲剧发生了。 The area was struck by an outbreak of cholera.那一地区爆发了霍乱。 ②vt.(想法或念头 ) ( 不用于进行时 ) 突然想到；一下子想起；猛地意识到 An awful thought has just struck me.刚才我脑子里突然闪过一个可怕的念头。 It suddenly struck me how we could improve the situation.我一下子明白我们如何能改善局面了。 ③strike sb (as sth) 给（某人以…）印象；让（某人）觉得 His reaction struck me as odd.他的反应令我诧异。 It strikes me that nobody is really in favour of the changes.我觉得没人真正赞成这些变动。 ④[ VN-ADJ] 顿时使处于某状态 to be struck dumb/deaf/blind 一时什么也说不出╱听不见╱看不见 ⑤vt.擦，划（火柴）；击出（火星） to strike a match on a wall在墙上擦火柴 ⑥ vi/vt. 敲；鸣；报时 Did you hear the clock strike?你听见钟响了吗？ The clock has just struck three.时钟刚刚敲过三点。 40.deliver v.  /dɪˈlɪvə(r)/ 熟：①~ (sth) (to sb/sth) 递送；传送；交付；运载 Leaflets have been delivered to every household.传单已发送到每家每户。 新：①[ VN] 发表；宣布；发布 She is due to deliver a lecture on genetic engineering.根据安排她要作一个关于转基因的演讲。 ②~ (on sth)履行诺言；不负所望；兑现 She always delivers on her promises.她总是信守诺言。 ③[ VN] ~ a baby 助产；接生 The baby was delivered by Caesarean section.这个婴儿是剖腹产下的。 41.effect  /ɪˈfekt/ n. 熟：[ CU]~ (on sb/sth) 效应；影响；结果 the effect of heat on metal热对金属产生的效应 to learn to distinguish between cause and effect 学会分清因果 新：effect vt.使发生；实现；引起 to effect a cure/change/recovery 产生疗效；引起变化；实现复苏 42.refer to sb/sth 熟：①查阅；参考；征询to refer to a dictionary查词典 新：① refer to sb/sth （as sth）提到；谈及；说起 You know who I'm referring to.你知道我指的是谁。 ②refer to sb/sth 描述；涉及；与…相关 This paragraph refers to the events of last year.这一段说的是去年发生的事。 ③refer sb/sth to sb/sth 将…送交给（以求获得帮助等） My doctor referred me to a specialist.我的医生让我去找一位专家诊治。 43.major n/adj/v. 熟：major n. ① 主要的；重要的；大的 a major road 一条大马路 to play a major role in sth 在某事中起重要作用 ② serious 严重 Never mind—it's not major. 别担心—这不严重。 ③ 主修的（课程） major n. [ C] 主修课程；专业课 Her major is French. 她的专业课是法语。 major v. ① major in sth主修 She majored in History at Stanford. 她在斯坦福主修历史。 ②major on sth专门研究（课题、问题等） 44. means n.  /miːnz/ 熟：[ C]~ (of doing sth/of sth)方式；方法；途径 Television is an effective means of communication.电视是一种有效的通信手段。 新：[ pl.] 财富；钱财 People should pay according to their means .人们应该按照各自的负担能力来消费。 a man of means (= a rich man) 有钱人 新：mean (between A and B) n.中间；中庸；折中 He needed to find a mean between frankness and rudeness.他需要在坦诚与唐突之间找到折中的方法。 45.character n.  /ˈkærəktə(r)/ 新：①[ Cusually sing.] （人、集体的）品质，性格；（地方的）特点，特性 to have a strong/weak character 个性强╱不强 character traits/defects 性格特点╱弱点 新：①[ U] ( approving) 勇气；毅力 Everyone admires her strength of character and determination.每一个人都钦佩她坚强的性格和决心。 ②[ C] ( 与形容词连用 )（令人讨厌的或古怪的）人 There were some really strange characters hanging around the bar.有些不三不四的人在酒吧周围游荡。 ③[ CU] 名誉；声望；名气 a slur/attack on his character 对他名誉的诋毁╱攻击 ④[ C]（书籍、戏剧或电影中的）人物，角色 a major/minor character in the book书中的主要╱次要人物 ⑤[ C]书写、印刷或计算机上的）文字，字母，符号 Chinese characters汉字 ⑥in character/out of character 符合（或不符合）某人的性格 Her behaviour last night was completely out of character.她昨晚的举止与她的性格截然不符。 46.appreciate v.  /əˈpriːʃieɪt/ v. 熟：①[ VN] (不用于进行时 ) 欣赏；赏识；重视 Her family doesn't appreciate her.她的家人不重视她。 ②(通常不用于进行时 )感激；感谢；欢迎 I'd appreciate some help.如果有人帮忙我将非常感激。 Your support is greatly appreciated.十分感谢你的支持。 新：①理解；意识到；领会 SYN realize What I failed to appreciate was the distance between the two cities.我没有意识到这两座城市间的距离。 ②[ V] 增值；升值 Their investments have appreciated over the years.他们的投资这些年来已经增值。 47.relate v.  /rɪˈleɪt/ 熟：①relate A (to B 联系；使有联系；把…联系起来 I found it difficult to relate the two ideas in my mind.我觉得很难把这两种想法联系在一起。 新：relate sth (to sb) 叙述；讲述；讲（故事） She relates her childhood experiences in the first chapters.在开始的几章中，她描述了自己童年的经历。 Refer to sb/sth 新：涉及；与…相关；谈到 We shall discuss the problem as it relates to our specific case.我们应针对我们的具体情况来讨论这个问题。 新：能够理解并同情；了解；体恤 SYN empathize with Many adults can't relate to children.许多成年人并不了解儿童的想法。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$