Unit 6 When disaster strikes 课时作业- 2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级上册

Unit 6 When disaster strikes [测试范围: Unit 6 时间:60 分钟 分值:100分] Ⅰ.单项选择(每小题1分，共15分) 从下面每小题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. The movie tells the story of a woman tired of the world, finding and learning to love life by boxing. A. she B. her C. hers D. herself 2. My grandparents live in a small town. The there is quiet and clean. A. coast B.community C. service D. event 3. Be careful! The ice is not enough.You’ d better not skate on it. A. white B. thin C. short D. thick 4. Go the bridge and then you' ll see the post office. A. over B. straight C. after D. along 5. There will be a(n) in noise when the new airports open. A. increase B. accident C. delivery D. earthquake 6. I helped Mum to take care of my grandma last night. She was . A. helpful B. uncomfortable C. careful D. happy 7. Dear friends, remember that turn your face to the sun and the fall behind you. A. shadows B. worries C. images D. influences 8. Time will tell people everything. The truth is beginning to about what happened. A. find out B. bring out C.come out D. work out 9. Don't sleep for eight hours. As a teenager, you need enough sleep at night. A. more than B. at least C. less than D. rather than 10. A strange sound me last night and I couldn't fall asleep after that. A. looked; up B. woke; up C. built; up D. gave; up 11. To make the earth greener, people should plant more trees cutting them down. A. because of B. next to C. instead of D. thanks to 12.— Was the suspect seen that young man in the street at that time? — Yes. The victim a lot. A. hit; bled B. to hit; blood C. hitting; bled D. hits; bleed 13. I find it difficult to refuse this meaningful ceremony with him. A. attend B. to attend C. attending D. will attend 14.— What will you do for the holiday? — Pardon? I'm sorry. I about something else. A. think B. thought C. am thinking D. was thinking 15. The teacher walked around and offered help while we A. will paint B. were painting C. paint D. are painting Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共10分) 阅读短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 It was about two o’ clock in the early morning. I was sleeping when the earthquake 16 . Suddenly I felt a slight shake. Then I heard a loud 17 like thunder(雷声). Soon the real noise came, like bombs(炸弹) under the ground. The earth started to 18 . People were 19 . Some ran out of the building. Itried to run out, too, but I could not. Outside,people were running while pieces of glass were falling down. Then the 20 began to come down, too! Finally, the noise and shaking ended. It was 21 around me. I could not see anything at all, and I did not 22 if anyone else was near me. I felt nervous and my heart was beating fast. “I'm here,” I said. I was afraid, but I tried to be 23 . I shouted for help, 24 no one came.Then I pulled myself slowly through the dark.Luckily, there was enough space for me to move. Hours later, as I was trying to go out, I 25 heard some noise above me. I shouted,“Please help! I'm here!” Then other people shouted, too. At last, the firemen saved us. 16. A. ended B. landed C. covered D. started 17. A. report B. noise C. show D. music 18. A. cheer B. beat C. shake D. develop 19. A. afraid B. glad C. famous D. excited 20. A. islands B. radios C. walls D. umbrellas 21. A. beautiful B. boring C. enough D. quiet 22. A. keep B. warn C. know D. write 23. A. calm B. huge C. harmful D. shy 24. A. and B. so C. but D. or 25. A. hardly B. suddenly C. usually D. loudly Ⅲ.阅读理解(每小题2分，共30分) 阅读下面的短文，从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Earthquakes. Floods. Storms. It seems that every day we read about at least one of these somewhere in the world. But every year,somewhere another kind of disaster causes great harm to plants and people. It's something much smaller and not so well-known as an earthquake or a flood— it's an insect called the locust. The locust usually does things alone— it lives on its own and eats on its own. But,sometimes, something changes the way nature works. When the number of locusts increases somewhere and there are lots of plants to eat,the locusts get together in swarms. Perhaps the most dangerous locust is the desert locust. It is found in Africa, the MiddleEast, and Asia in about 60 countries altogether.When desert locusts swarm, they bring problems to one-tenth of all the humans in the world. The numbers are huge and scary. A swarm of desert locusts can be 1,200 km² in size—imagine an area that is over 20 km wide and 50km long, full of locusts! Each locust eats its own weight in plants every day— so a swarm of desert locusts can eat more than 150 million kilos of food in one day. They can also fly very long distances— in 1954 a swarm of locusts from northwest Austria few thousands of miles toSpain and finally landed in Great Britain! It's no wonder that farmers in many countries of the world fear the desert locusts more than snakes and spiders. It's the desert locust that brings hunger to people all over the world. 26. What does the underlined word“swarms”probably mean in Paragraph 2? A. Plants. B. Groups. C. Animals. D. Problems. 27. Where can you find the most dangerous locusts? A. In Africa. B. In Spain. C. In Australia. D. In Great Britain. 28. What can we learn about the desert locusts? A. They usually do things together. B. They even feed on snakes and spiders. C. They are able to fly at a very high speed. D. They influence people all over the world. 29. How does the writer support his idea inParagraph 4? A. By giving examples. B. By telling stories. C. By making comparison. D. By listing numbers. 30. What would be the best title for the passage? A. A Great Danger. B. The Crying Plants. C. A Flying Disaster. D. The Hungry Animals. B 2025 Could Be the Hottest Year in History Data(数 据) shows that 2024 was the hottest year since 1961. The average temperature in the country reached 10.92℃ last year, which is 1.03℃ higher than the usual average, according to official records. Global warming is the main reason forChina's higher-than-normal temperatures. It has caused rising sea levels, melting ice, and more extreme(极端的) weather, including longer heat waves and fewer cold days. The El Niño phenomenon(厄尔尼诺现象)— the warming of water in the Pacific Ocean— also adds to rising temperatures. A 1℃ rise in temperature has a strong influence on nature. Sea levels may rise by 2.3meters over time, putting coastal areas in danger. Higher temperatures also harm wild crops and bring more pests(害虫). Some animals and plants may die out. Higher temperatures may temporarily increase crop production in some places. However, in the long term,farming will face bigger changes and possible decreases. Illnesses related to heat, like heatstroke(热射病), is becoming more common. Longer heat waves lead to higher death rates, showing the need for better healthcare and ways to prevent harm. The year 2025 seems to continue with higher-than-normal temperatures. On NewYear's Day, temperatures in areas south of theYangtze River were over 15℃, far from the cold usually expected in winter. To deal with these problems, experts suggest developing technology to follow and predict extreme weather, like heat waves, to reduce risks. 31. How does the writer introduce the topic? A. By sharing experts’ opinion. B. By showing official data. C. By giving examples of extreme weather. D. By telling a personal story. 32. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A. What global warming is. B. What extreme weather is. C. What causes China's higher-than-normal temperatures. D. What the El Nino phenomenon is. 33. What does the word“temporarily” mean? A. In a special period. B. For a short time. C. At the same time. D. For a long time. 34. Which of the following is TRUE according to the last paragraph? A. China will experience a colder-than-usual winter in 2025. B. On New Year's Day, temperatures all over China were over 15℃. C. Global warming has no influence on nature. D. High-tech products may deal with problems caused the by rising temperatures. 35. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To guess the exact temperature of 2025. B. To explain the causes and effects of rising temperatures. C. To point out that people don't do enough to fight climate change. D. To compare the weather in different parts of China. C Recently, the wildfires in California, USAhave caught the world's eyes. On January 7,2025, a fire started near Palisades in westernLos Angeles County. Driven by the strong SantaAna winds, which blew at over 100 kilometers per hour, the fire spread quickly. It may take a long time to bring a wildfire under control. And some wildfires are unstoppable. They usually happen in areas where few people live. They are most common in wooded areas in the US, Canada and Australia.They are also known as forest fires or grass fires, or as bush fires in Australia. Lightning and volcanoes(火山) can cause wildfires. However, 90 percent of wildfires are caused by humans, according to the US NationalPark Service. Burning campfires and rubbish,cigarette butts(烟头) and acts of arson can easily cause wildfires. Dry and hot weather, as well as winds, creates perfect wildfire conditions. They help wildfires grow quickly and last for weeks. Wildfires can burn at 900℃ and reach heights of more than 50 meters. It can move at speeds of up to 23 kilometers an hour, burning everything like trees, brush, homes and even people. The fires are also dangerous to animals because they have no place to hide. They have to leave their trees and find water somewhere else. Fires have burned on Earth throughout its history. But rising temperatures from human activities make wildfires more and more frequent(频繁的). Many cities have suffered a lot from wildfires. These have already developed into a global event, rather than just wildfires happening in California, the scientists warn. 36. Why does the writer share the news inParagraph 1? A. To do a survey. B. To introduce the topic. C. To explain the reason. D. To make a conclusion. 37. What do we know about wildfires? A. They can be controlled easily. B. They usually happen in the cities. C. They are known as forest fires and grass fires. D. They never happen in the rainforests. 38. What is the main cause of wildfires,according to the passage? A. Dry weather. B. Human activities. C. Hot winds. D. Lack of plants. 39. What does the underlined word“arson” inParagraph 3 mean? A.纵火 B.干旱 C.水土流失 D.厄尔尼诺 40. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The history of wildfires. B. The nature of California. C. The causes and effects of wildfires. D. How to survive in the wildfires. Ⅳ.补全对话(每小题1分，共5分) 根据对话内容，从方框中选择恰当的句子，将对话补充完整(选项中有两项是多余的)。 A. What can we do to help them? B. Be brave and calm. C. Sorry to hear that. D. What's wrong with you? E. But how can we do that? F. It's dangerous to stand under the tree. G. By the way, do you know what to do during an earthquake? A: Hi, Jim. You look worried. 41 B: An earthquake happened in my home town.I'm worrying about my grandparents. A: 42 Was it serious? B: No, my grandparents are OK, but their house fell down. A: What about other people there? B: Many people lost their houses and they had no places to live. Let's do something to help them. A: 43 B: Let's raise some money for them. A: 44 We are still students and we don't have money. B: How about selling newspapers after school? A: Good idea. 45 B: Not too much. We can search for something about it on the Internet. A:OK, let's begin. V.完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 根据汉语提示补全句子。 46.最重要的是，我们应当让孩子们远离危险。 , we should keep the children away from danger. 47.我的爸爸总是用电脑寻找信息。 My father always use his computer to information. 48.当他听说这个消息时，太生气了，什么话都说不出来。 When he the news, he was too angry to say anything. 49.在问题变得更加严重之前，我们需要想出办法解决这个问题。 We need to a solution to this problem before it becomes more serious. 50.夜灯是母亲留下守护她的孩子的眼睛。 Night-lights are the eyes a mother her to guard her children. Ⅵ.任务型阅读(每小题2分，共10 分) 阅读短文，根据短文内容完成句子。 A tornado(龙卷风) is a kind of strong storm with air which moves in a circle quickly.They can move over 200 miles per hour and cause a lot of damage(损坏). It is important to find a safe place if a tornado gets close. A safe place could be a basement(地下室).If you are in a home without a basement, try to find a first-floor bathroom or a small room without windows in the middle of your house. But scientists want to get close to and learn more about tornadoes. They use special tools,like a tornado probe, to measure(测量) what is happening in and around a tornado. Inside the tornado probe, there are sensors(传感器) to measure wind speed, temperature, pressure,and direction. First, scientists try to guess where a tornado will go next. Then they drive to that location and put down the probe. If they are right, the tornado will go near or even right over the probe. Then they take all of the measurements from the probe and use them to predict where future tornadoes may form(形成)and travel. And they can give people some warning to keep away from a dangerous tornado. 51. A tornado can move over per hour. 52. The scientists get close to tornadoes,because they hope to . 53. The sensors in a tornado can measure and direction. 54. The underlined word“they” in Paragraph 4means . 55. Before a tornado comes, the scientists can offer us to avoid a dangerous tornado. Ⅶ.综合填空(每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下面的短文，根据每个空格中所给的首字母填入适当的单词，使短文意思完整。 Ben would hear strong winds outside his home in Alabama. Black clouds were making the s 56 very dark. With no l 57 outside, it felt like midnight. The news on TV r 58 that a heavy rainstorm was in the area. Everyone in the neighborhood was b59 . Dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while Mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were w 60 . Ben was making dinner. After dinner, they tried to play a card game, b 61 it was hard to have fun with a serious storm happening outside. Ben could not s 62 at first. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a. m. When he w63 up, the sun was rising. He went outside with his family and found the neighborhood in a m 64 . Fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish were everywhere. They joined the neighbors to help clean up the neighborhood together. Although the storm broke many things apart, it brought families and neighbors c 65 to gether. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. Ⅶ.书面表达(本题共20分) 66.请结合提示,以“The Importance of FireSafety”为题,写一篇不少于 80 词的短文。 (1) What may cause a fire? (2) What should we do in a fire? (3) How can we prevent a fire from happening? 参考词汇: fire extinguisher 灭火器;electrical problems 电气问题;escape from逃离 The Importance of Fire Safety 1. D句意：这部电影讲述了这样一个故事，一个女人对世界感到疲倦，通过拳击重新找回自己并学会热爱生活。 she她; her 她的; hers她的; herself 她自己。根据 and learning to love life 可知,此处指热爱生活并找回自己, find oneself 意为“找回自我”。 2. B句意：我的祖父母住在一个小镇上。那里的社区既安静又干净。 coast 海岸; community 社区; service服务; event 事件。根据 My grandparents live in asmall town.可知，小镇上的社区既安静又干净。 3. D句意：小心！冰不够厚，你最好不要在上面滑冰。white 白的; thin 薄的; short短的; thick 厚的。根据You'd better not skate on it.可知,建议不要在上面滑冰，说明冰不够厚。 4. A 句意：过了桥你就会看到邮局了。over 在……上; straight 笔直; after 在······之后; along 沿着。根据 Go… the bridge 可知,此处指过桥,应用 go overthe bridge。 5. A 句意:当新机场开放时,噪声会增加。increase 增加; accident事故; delivery 递送; earthquake 地震。根据 when the new airports open 可知,新机场开放时,周围的噪声会增加。 6. B句意：昨晚我帮妈妈照顾奶奶。她不舒服。helpful 有帮助的; uncomfortable不舒服的; careful 仔细的; happy 开心的。根据I helped Mum to take careof my grandma 可知，帮助妈妈照顾奶奶是因为妈妈的身体不舒服。 7. A句意：亲爱的朋友们，请记住，把脸面向太阳，影子就会落在你身后。 shadows阴影,影子; worries忧虑,担心; images 图像; influences 影响。根据 turn yourface to the sun 并结合常识可知,把脸面向太阳,影子就会落在身后。 8. C句意：时间将告诉人们一切。所发生的事情的真相开始浮出水面。 find out 查明; bring out 出版;come out 显露; work out 解决。根据 Time will tellpeople everything.可知,此处指真相开始显现。 9. C句意：睡眠时间不要少于八小时。作为一名青少年,你在晚上需要充足的睡眠。more than 超过;atleast 至少; less than 少于; rather than 而不是。根据As a teenager, you need enough sleep at night.可知,青少年应保持充足的睡眠，睡眠时间不少于八小时。 10. B句意：昨晚一个奇怪的声音把我吵醒了，然后我就睡不着了。 looked up 查阅; woke up 弄醒; builtup 逐步建立; gave up 放弃。根据 I couldn't fallasleep after that 可知,之后睡不着了,说明奇怪的声音把“我”吵醒了。 11. C句意：为了让地球更绿，人们应该种植更多的树木,而不是砍伐树木。 because of 因为; next to 紧挨着; instead of 而不是; thanks to 幸亏。根据 Tomake the earth greener可知,为了地球更绿,应该植树，而不是砍树，C项符合语境。 12. C句意：————那个时候嫌疑人被看见袭击那个年轻人了吗?————是的,受害者流了很多血。see sb. dosth.看见某人做某事(侧重看到事件全过程)；seesb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事(强调动作正在进行); bleed 流血; blood 血液。根据 at that time 可知，此处强调当时看到嫌疑人正在做某事，所以第一空用 hitting；根据 Was可知，此处表述过去发生的事，所以第二空用动词过去式 bled。 13. B句意：我发现拒绝和他参加这个有意义的仪式是非常困难的。refuse后接动词不定式作宾语。 14. D句意：————假期你打算做什么?————能再重复一遍吗?我很抱歉。我在想别的事。根据 Pardon?可知，在前者说话期间，后者正在想别的事情。表示过去某个时刻正在发生的事，应用过去进行时。 15. B句意：老师在我们画画的时候走来走去，提供帮助。此句是 while引导的时间状语从句，主句是一般过去时，从句应用过去进行时强调过去正在进行的动作。 16. D 句意:地震发生时我正在睡觉。ended 结束;landed降落; covered 覆盖; started 开始。根据下文Suddenly I felt a slight shake.可知,此处指地震发生时,用 started。 17. B 句意：然后我听到一声像雷一样的巨响。report报告; noise 响声; show节目; music 音乐。根据下文Soon the real noise came 可知,作者听到了响声。 18. C 句意:大地开始摇动。 cheer 欢呼; beat 击打;shake摇动; develop 发展。根据下文 the noise andshaking ended可知,此处指大地开始摇动。 19. A 句意:人们感到害怕。 afraid 害怕的; glad 高兴的; famous 著名的; excited 兴奋的。根 据下 文people were running while pieces of glass werefalling down 并结合常识可知，地震来了，人们感到害怕。 20. C 句意:然后墙也开始倒塌了! islands 岛屿;radios收音机; walls墙; umbrellas 雨伞。根据上文pieces of glass were falling down. 和下文 began tocome down, too! 可知,一开始玻璃掉下来,接下来墙也倒塌了。 21. D 句意:我周围一片安静。 beautiful 漂亮的;boring无聊的; enough足够的; quiet 安静的。根据上文 Finally, the noise and shaking ended.可知,地震和声响停下后，周围一片安静。 22. C句意：我什么也看不见，也不知道附近是否还有其他人。 keep 保持; warn 警告; know 知道; write写。根据上文I could not see anything at all 可知,四周很黑，不知道周围是否还有其他人。 23. A句意：我很害怕，但我努力保持镇静。calm镇静的; huge大的; harmful 有害的; shy 害羞的。根据Iwas afraid 及 but 表转折可知,所填词与 afraid 形成对比，故此处指保持镇静。 24. C 句意:我大喊救命,但没人来。and 和;so所以;but 但是; or或者。根据I shouted for help… no onecame可知，作者大声求助，却没人来帮忙，表示转折关系,用 but。 25. B句意：几个小时后，当我正尝试要出去时，突然听到头顶上有一些声音。 hardly 几乎不; suddenly 突然地; usually 通常地; loudly 大声地。根据上文Ishouted for help… no one came 和 as I was trying togo out可知，作者呼救很久都没有人来，正打算进行自救，可推知这个声音是突然出现的。 26. B 根据画线词上文 When the number of locustsincreases somewhere... the locusts get together 可知，此处指大量的蝗虫聚集在一起，可推知 swarms意为“一大群蝗虫”，与 groups意义相近。 27. A 根据第三段中 Perhaps the most dangerouslocust is the desert locust. It is found in Africa 可知，在非洲可以找到最危险的蝗虫。 28. D 根据最后一段中 It's the desert locust thatbrings hunger to people all over the world.可知,沙漠蝗虫给世界人民带来饥饿，即它们对全世界的人都有影响。 29. D 通读第四段,尤其是1,200 km² in size… over 20km wide and 50 km long… eat more than 150 millionkilos of food in one day 可知,作者通过列数字的方法支持他在第四段中的观点。 30. C通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了蝗虫灾害，故C项适合作本文标题。 31. B 根据第一段中 Data shows... reached 10.92℃last year, which is 1.03℃ higher than the usual average, according to official records.可知,作者通过展示官方数据引入话题。 32. C 通读第二段,尤其是 Global warming is the mainreason for China's higher-than-normal temperatures可知，第二段主要介绍了导致中国气温高于正常水平的原因。 33. B 根据画线词下文 However, in the long term,farming will face bigger changes and possible decreases.可知，从长远来看，农业将面临更大的变化和可能的减产，结合 however 表示转折，可推知画线词意为“短时间地”,与 For a short time 意义相近。 34. D 根据最后一段中 To deal with these problems,experts suggest developing technology to follow andpredict extreme weather 可知,高科技产品可能会处理由气温上升引起的问题。 35. B通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国气温高于正常水平的原因(全球变暖和厄尔尼诺现象)以及气温上升带来的影响(对自然、农业、人类健康等方面)。 36. B 根据第 一段 中 Recently, the wildfires inCalifornia, USA have caught the world's eye.及第二段中 It may take a long time to bring a wildfire under control.可知,作者分享新闻是为了引出主题。 37. C 根据第二段中 They are also known as forestfires or grass fires, or as bush fires in Australia.可知，野火也被称为森林火灾或草地火灾。 38. B 根据第三段中 However, 90 percent of wildfiresare caused by humans可知,引起野火的主要原因是人类活动。 39. A 根据画线词所在句 Burning campfires andrubbish, cigarette butts and... can easily causewildfires.可知，画线词与燃烧营火、垃圾、烟头等人为的行为并列，结合选项可推知画线词意为“纵火”。 40. C 通读全文,尤其是第三段中 Lightning and volcanoes can cause wildfires. However, 90 percent of wildfires are caused by humans 及倒数第二段中… burning everything like trees, brush, homes and even people. The fires are also dangerous to animals可知，本文主要讲述了野火的成因和影响。 41. D 42. C 43. A 44. E 45. G 46. Above all 47. search for 48. heard of/ about 49. think of 50. leaves behind 51.200 miles 52. learn more about tornadoes 53. wind speed, temperature, pressure 54. scientists 55. some warning 56. sky 57. light 58. reported 59. busy 60. working 61. but 62. sleep 63. woke 64. mess 65. closer 66.【参考范文】 The Importance of Fire Safety Fire safety is important for everyone to understand. There are several things that can cause fires. These include human activities, such as electrical problems, cooking accidents, and natural causes. As a result, it's important to know how to respond to and prevent a fire. In case of a small fire, we should stay calm and call 119. Try to put out the fire with a fire extinguisher or water if possible. Escape from the fire area immediately and call 119 if the fire is too large to control. To prevent fires, first, we should be careful when using electronics and make sure they' re in good condition. Second, when cooking, we can't leave the kitchen. What's more, we should get basic fire safety knowledge and practice escape plans regularly in school or at home. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$