2026届高考英语一轮复习熟词生义和短语清单

熟词生义和短语 一、熟词生义 1、abandon v. 抛弃;放弃 (熟义:无) He abandoned his plan due to lack of funds. 2、absorb v. 吸收;使全神贯注 (熟义:v. 吸收液体等) The black soil can absorb more water. The book absorbed him so much that he forgot dinner. 3、accent n. 口音;重音 (熟义:n. 口音) He spoke with a strong southern accent. The accent is on the second syllable. 4、ache v. 疼痛;渴望 (熟义:v. 疼痛) My heart aches for those poor children. My head aches badly. 5、act v. 行动;假装 (熟义:v. 行动;表演) He acted as if nothing had happened. You should act on my advice. 6、address n. 地址;演讲 (熟义:n. 地址) The president will give an address at the meeting. Please write your address clearly. 7、admit v. 承认;接纳 (熟义:v. 承认) The hospital admits patients with serious illnesses. He admitted his mistake. 8、adopt v. 采用;收养 (熟义:v. 收养) They adopted a new teaching method. The couple adopted a baby boy. 9、advance v. 前进;提出 (熟义:v. 前进;进展) He advanced a new theory. The army advanced towards the enemy. 10、advantage n. 优势;有利条件 (熟义:n. 优势) We should take advantage of this opportunity. His height is an advantage in basketball. 11、adventure n. 冒险;奇遇 (熟义:n. 冒险) He had many exciting adventures in the jungle. 12、affect v. 影响;感动 (熟义:v. 影响) The news affected her deeply. The cold weather affected the crops. 13、afford v. 买得起;承担得起 (熟义:v. 买得起) I can't afford to waste time like this. Can you afford a new car? 14、aggressive adj. 侵略的;有进取心的 (熟义:adj. 侵略的) He is an aggressive salesman. The country adopted an aggressive policy. 15、alarm n. 警报;惊慌 (熟义:n. 警报) The fire alarm rang. His words caused great alarm. 16、allow v. 允许;承认 (熟义:v. 允许) The rules allow no exceptions. We allow that he is honest. 17、alone adj. 单独的;唯一的 (熟义:adj. 单独的) He is the alone survivor. She was alone in the house. 18、along prep. 沿着;与……一起 (熟义:prep. 沿着) Come along with me. We walked along the river. 19、alter v. 改变;修改 (熟义:v. 改变) Nothing can alter the fact. She altered her dress to make it fit better. 20、amateur n. 业余爱好者;外行 (熟义:n. 业余爱好者) He is just an amateur in this field. Many amateurs participated in the competition. 21、amaze v. 使惊奇;使惊愕 (熟义:v. 使惊奇) His performance amazed the audience. I was amazed at his progress. 22、anchor n. 锚;主播 (熟义:n. 锚) The ship dropped anchor. She is a well - known news anchor. 23、angle n. 角;角度;观点 (熟义:n. 角) From this angle, the picture looks better. What's your angle on this issue? 24、animal n. 动物;兽性的人 (熟义:n. 动物) He can be such an animal when he's angry. Lions are wild animals. 25、announce v. 宣布;通报 (熟义:v. 宣布) The doctor announced that he was out of danger. They announced the winner. 26、annoy v. 使烦恼;打扰 (熟义:v. 使烦恼) The noise annoyed him. Don't annoy your mother. 27、answer v. 回答;响应 (熟义:v. 回答) The door answered to his knock. How will you answer the challenge? 28、anticipate v. 预期;期望;抢先 (熟义:v. 预期) He anticipated my question. We anticipate good sales this year. 29、anxious adj. 焦虑的;渴望的 (熟义:adj. 焦虑的) I'm anxious for your success. She was anxious about the exam. 30、apologize v. 道歉;辩解 (熟义:v. 道歉) He apologized for being late. She apologized for her rudeness. 31、apparent adj. 明显的;表面的 (熟义:adj. 明显的) His disappointment was apparent. It was apparent that he was lying. 32、appeal v. 呼吁;吸引 (熟义:v. 呼吁) The movie appeals to young people. They appealed to the public for help. 33、appear v. 出现;似乎 (熟义:v. 出现) He appears to be happy. A rainbow appeared in the sky. 34、apply v. 申请;应用 (熟义:v. 申请) The theory applies to this case. You should apply for the job. 35、appoint v. 任命;约定 (熟义:v. 任命) They appointed a time for the meeting. He was appointed manager. 36、appreciate v. 欣赏;感激 (熟义:v. 欣赏;感激) I appreciate your help. He appreciated the beauty of the painting. 37、approach v. 接近;处理 (熟义:v. 接近) How should we approach this problem? As winter approaches, the weather gets colder. 38、appropriate adj. 适当的;合适的 (熟义:adj. 适当的) This is an appropriate gift for her. His behavior was not appropriate. 39、approve v. 批准;赞成 (熟义:v. 批准) My parents approve of my plan. The committee approved the project. 40、argue v. 争论;辩论;主张 (熟义:v. 争论) He argued that we should start early. They argued about the price. 41、arm n. 手臂;武器 (熟义:n. 手臂) The soldiers were armed with guns. He held her in his arms. 42、arrange v. 安排;整理 (熟义:v. 安排) She arranged the flowers beautifully. Can you arrange a meeting for us? 43、arrest v. 逮捕;吸引 (熟义:v. 逮捕) The police arrested the thief. His speech arrested everyone's attention. 44、arrive v. 到达;达成 (熟义:v. 到达) They arrived at a decision. When did you arrive in Beijing? 45、art n. 艺术;技巧 (熟义:n. 艺术) Cooking is an art. She has the art of making friends easily. 46、article n. 文章;物品 (熟义:n. 文章) This is a valuable article. He wrote an interesting article. 47、ashamed adj. 羞愧的;惭愧的 (熟义:adj. 羞愧的) He felt ashamed of his mistake. I'm ashamed to admit that I lied. 48、ask v. 问;要求;邀请 (熟义:v. 问) She asked me to help her. He asked her a question. They asked us to the party. 49、aspect n. 方面;外观 (熟义:n. 方面) We should consider all aspects of the problem. The house has a pleasant aspect. 50、assert v. 断言;主张 (熟义:v. 断言) He asserted his innocence. She asserted that she was right. 51、assign v. 分配;指派 (熟义:v. 分配) The teacher assigned us a lot of homework. He was assigned to the project. 52、assist v. 帮助;协助 (熟义:v. 帮助) The nurse assisted the doctor. Can you assist me with this task? 53、assume v. 假设;承担 (熟义:v. 假设) He assumed responsibility for the mistake. Let's assume that it's true. 54、astonish v. 使惊讶;使震惊 (熟义:v. 使惊讶) His behavior astonished everyone. I was astonished at the news. 55、attach v. 附上;使依恋 (熟义:v. 附上) He attached great importance to education. Please attach a photo to your application. 56、attack v. 攻击;袭击;着手做 (熟义:v. 攻击) They attacked the enemy at dawn. He attacked the problem with great enthusiasm. 57、attempt v. 尝试;企图 (熟义:v. 尝试) He attempted to climb the mountain. Their attempt to cross the river failed. 58、attend v. 参加;照顾;注意 (熟义:v. 参加) The nurse attended the patient. You should attend to your studies. He attended the meeting. 59、attract v. 吸引;引起 (熟义:v. 吸引) The beautiful scenery attracted many tourists. His speech attracted a lot of attention. 60、attribute v. 把……归因于;认为……是 (熟义:v. 把……归因于) He attributed his success to hard work. People often attribute great intelligence to him. 61、audience n. 观众;听众 (熟义:n. 观众) The audience applauded loudly. The play attracted a large audience. 62、author n. 作者;创作者 (熟义:n. 作者) He is the author of several best - sellers. The author expressed his ideas clearly. 63、authority n. 权威;当局 (熟义:n. 权威) The local authorities are investigating the case. He spoke with great authority. 64、automatic adj. 自动的;无意识的 (熟义:adj. 自动的) His response was automatic. This is an automatic machine. 65、available adj. 可得到的;有空的 (熟义:adj. 可得到的) Are you available for dinner tonight? The tickets are available at the box office. 66、avoid v. 避免;避开 (熟义:v. 避免) Try to avoid making mistakes. He avoided answering my question. 67、awake adj. 醒着的;警觉的 (熟义:adj. 醒着的) He was awake all night thinking about the problem. We need to stay awake to the dangers. 68、award n. 奖品;奖项 (熟义:n. 奖品) He won the first award in the competition. The company was awarded a contract. 69、aware adj. 意识到的;知道的 (熟义:adj. 意识到的) Are you aware of the danger? He is well aware of the situation. 70、awkward adj. 尴尬的;笨拙的 (熟义:adj. 尴尬的) His question put me in an awkward position. He is a bit awkward in social situations. 71、background n. 背景;背景知识 (熟义:n. 背景) He has a rich cultural background. The picture has a beautiful background. 72balance n. 平衡;余额 (熟义:n. 平衡) You need to keep a balance between work and rest. Check your bank balance. 73、ban v. 禁止;取缔 (熟义:v. 禁止) Smoking is banned in this area. They banned the use of plastic bags. 74、spring n. 泉水(熟义:春天) The mountain spring provides fresh water for the village. 75、bear v. 忍受(熟义:n. 熊) I can't bear the noise of construction outside my window. 76、address v. 处理(熟义:n. 地址) The government will address the issue of climate change. 77、book v. 预订(熟义:n. 书) I need to book a flight to Paris next week. 78、match n. 火柴(熟义:v. 匹配) She struck a match to light the candle. 79、fly n. 苍蝇(熟义:v. 飞) A fly was buzzing around the fruit bowl. 80、left adj. 剩下的(熟义:v. 离开) Only a few tickets are left for the concert. 81、mean adj. 吝啬的(熟义:v. 意思是) He's too mean to buy a gift for his friend. 82、mine pron. 我的(熟义:n. 矿) That red car is mine. 83、right adj. 正确的(熟义:n. 右边) You made the right decision to stay home. 84、well adv. 好地(熟义:n. 井) She speaks English very well. 85、light n. 光(熟义:adj. 轻的) The room was filled with soft light. 86、heavy adj. 严重的(熟义:adj. 重的) The traffic is heavy during rush hour. 87、cold n. 感冒(熟义:adj. 冷的) I caught a cold after walking in the rain. 88、warm v. 加热(熟义:adj. 温暖的) Let's warm up the leftovers for dinner. 89、cool v. 冷静(熟义:adj. 凉爽的) He tried to cool down after the argument. 90、sharp adj. 敏锐的(熟义:adj. 锋利的) She has a sharp mind for business. 91、dull adj. 无聊的(熟义:adj. 钝的) The lecture was so dull that I almost fell asleep. 92、firm adj. 坚定的(熟义:n. 公司) He remained firm in his decision to quit. 93、kind n. 种类(熟义:adj. 善良的) What kind of music do you like? 94、fair n. 集市(熟义:adj. 公平的) We went to the fair and rode the Ferris wheel. 95、square n. 广场(熟义:adj. 正方形的) The protesters gathered in the town square. 96、round adj. 圆形的(熟义:prep. 围绕) The table is round and fits six people. 97、high n. 高度(熟义:adj. 高的) The plane flew at a high altitude. 98、low adj. 低的(熟义:n. 低点) Keep your voice low so you don't wake the baby. 99、fast adv. 紧紧地(熟义:adj. 快的) The dog held onto the bone fast. 100、hard adv. 努力地(熟义:adj. 硬的) She works hard to support her family. 二、短语 1、Break the ice [中文]打破僵局 [重点词组]break(打破) [例句]A joke can help break the ice at a party. 2、Get along with [中文]与……相处 [重点词组]get along(相处) [例句]She gets along well with her colleagues. 3、Look forward to [中文]期待 [重点词组]look forward(期待) [例句]I’m looking forward to the weekend. 4、Take after [中文]像(父母) [重点词组]take after(外貌/性格相似) [例句]He takes after his father in height. 5、Run out of [中文]用完 [重点词组]run out(耗尽) [例句]We’ve run out of milk. Can you buy some? 6、Focus on [中文]专注于 [重点词组]focus(焦点) [例句]You should focus on your studies, not games. 7、Come up with [中文]想出 [重点词组]come up(出现) [例句]She came up with a creative solution. 8、Take up [中文]开始从事 [重点词组]take up(占用时间/空间) [例句]He took up painting last year. 9、Put off [中文]推迟 [重点词组]put off(延迟) [例句]The meeting was put off due to rain. 10、Go through [中文]经历 [重点词组]go through(仔细检查) [例句]She went through a tough time after graduation. 11、Cheer up [中文]振作起来 [重点词组]cheer(欢呼) [例句]Cheer up! Things will get better. 12、Calm down [中文]冷静下来 [重点词组]calm(平静的) [例句]Take a deep breath and calm down. 13、Be proud of [中文]为……骄傲 [重点词组]be proud(自豪的) [例句]My parents are proud of my achievements. 14、Look down on [中文]轻视 [重点词组]look down(俯视) [例句]Never look down on anyone based on their appearance. 15、Be fed up with [中文]对……厌烦 [重点词组]be fed up(受够了) [例句]I’m fed up with his excuses. 16、Set off [中文]出发 [重点词组]set off(引爆/动身) [例句]We set off early to avoid traffic. 17、Pull over [中文]靠边停车 [重点词组]pull over(移到路边) [例句]The police asked him to pull over. 18、Get lost [中文]迷路 [重点词组]get lost(迷失方向) [例句]We got lost in the forest. 19、Take a detour [中文]绕路 [重点词组]detour(绕行路线) [例句]We had to take a detour due to roadworks. 20、Catch a flight [中文]赶飞机 [重点词组]catch(赶上) [例句]Hurry up! We’ll miss our flight. 21、Work out [中文]锻炼 [重点词组]work out(解决/计算出) [例句]I work out at the gym three times a week. 22、Cut down on [中文]减少 [重点词组]cut down(砍倒) [例句]You should cut down on sugar intake. 23、Stay up late [中文]熬夜 [重点词组]stay up(不睡觉) [例句]Staying up late is bad for your health. 24、Take care of [中文]照顾 [重点词组]take care(小心) [例句]She takes care of her younger sister. 25、Give up [中文]放弃 [重点词组]give up(戒掉) [例句]He gave up smoking last year. 26、Log in [中文]登录 [重点词组]log in(注册/进入系统) [例句]Please log in to your account to continue. 27、Scroll through [中文]浏览 [重点词组]scroll(滚动) [例句]I spent hours scrolling through Instagram. 28、Go viral [中文]疯传 [重点词组]viral(病毒式的) [例句]The video went viral overnight. 29、Run out of battery [中文]没电了 [重点词组]run out(耗尽) [例句]My phone ran out of battery during the call. 30、Update software [中文]更新软件 [重点词组]update(更新) [例句]You should update your software regularly. 31、add up - 合计 [例]The numbers add up to 100.(这些数字合计为100。) [重点]动词+副词结构,后接结果。 32、calm down - 平静下来 [例]Calm down before you drive!(开车前先冷静!) [重点]祈使句中省略主语。 33、go through - 经历 [例]She went through a tough time last year.(她去年经历了一段艰难时期。) [重点]及物动词短语,需接宾语。 34、set down - 记下 [例]Set down your thoughts immediately.(立刻记下你的想法。) [重点]强调动作的完成性。 35、pack up - 打包 [例]Pack up your clothes before leaving.(离开前打包好衣服。) [重点]与“pack away”同义。 36、get along with - 与……相处 [例]I get along well with my colleagues.(我和同事相处融洽。) [重点]介词“with”不可省略。 37、fall in love - 爱上 [例]They fell in love at first sight.(他们一见钟情。) [重点]不及物短语,无需宾语。 38、rely on - 依赖 [例]You can rely on me for help.(你可以依赖我帮忙。) [重点]介词“on”后接依赖对象。 39、apologize to - 向……道歉 [例]Apologize to her for being late.(因迟到向她道歉。) [重点]双宾语结构(apologize to sb. for sth.)。 40、insist on - 坚持 [例]He insisted on paying the bill.(他坚持要付账。) [重点]后接动名词(insist on doing)。 41、on purpose - 故意 [例]He did it on purpose to annoy you.(他故意这么做来惹你生气。) [重点]修饰动词,表示主观意图。 42、at dusk - 在黄昏 [例]Birds return home at dusk.(鸟儿在黄昏归巢。) [重点]时间状语,不可用“in”替换。 43、face to face - 面对面 [例]We talked face to face for hours.(我们面对面交谈了数小时。) [重点]作状语,修饰动作方式。 44、in return - 作为回报 [例]I helped him, and he smiled in return.(我帮了他,他微笑作为回报。) [重点]常与“give”搭配(give sth. in return)。 45、in search of - 寻找 [例]They traveled in search of treasure.(他们旅行寻找宝藏。) [重点]表目的,相当于“to search for”。 46、at war - 处于交战中 [例]The two countries were at war for years.(两国交战多年。) [重点]系表结构,后不接宾语。 47、in peace - 和平地 [例]Let the baby sleep in peace.(让孩子安静地睡觉。) [重点]修饰动词,表状态。 48、in danger - 处于危险中 [例]The animals are in danger of extinction.(这些动物濒临灭绝。) [重点]常与“of”连用(in danger of sth.)。 49、in charge - 主管 [例]Who is in charge here?(这里谁负责?) [重点]作表语或后置定语(the man in charge)。 50、on the other hand - 另一方面 [例]He’s rich; on the other hand, he’s unhappy.(他富有,但另一方面不快乐。) [重点]对比转折,需与“on one hand”搭配。 51、have got to - 必须 [例]You have got to finish this today.(你今天必须完成这个。) [重点]口语化表达,等同于“must”。 52、ought to - 应该 [例]You ought to apologize.(你应该道歉。) [重点]后接动词原形,表建议或义务。 53、be able to - 能够 [例]Will you be able to come tomorrow?(你明天能来吗?) [重点]强调能力,可用于将来时。 54、had better - 最好 [例]You had better leave now.(你最好现在离开。) [重点]后接动词原形,表警告或建议。 55、would rather - 宁愿 [例]I would rather stay home.(我宁愿待在家里。) [重点]后接省略“to”的不定式(would rather do)。 56、as soon as - 一……就…… [例]As soon as he arrived, he called me.(他一到就给我打电话。) [重点]引导时间状语从句,主句用将来时。 57、so that - 以便 [例]Study hard so that you can pass the exam.(努力学习以便通过考试。) [重点]表目的,后接结果状语从句。 58、as if - 仿佛 [例]She smiled as if she knew the secret.(她笑着仿佛知道秘密。) [重点]常与虚拟语气连用(as if + 从句)。 59、even if - 即使 [例]Even if it rains, we’ll go.(即使下雨,我们也会去。) [重点]表让步,强调条件。 60、in case - 以防 [例]Take an umbrella in case it rains.(带把伞以防下雨。) [重点]后接从句(in case + 主语+谓语)。 61、make up one’s mind - 下决心 [例]She made up her mind to study abroad.(她下定决心出国留学。) [重点]反义短语为“change one’s mind”。 62、look forward to - 期望 [例]I look forward to seeing you soon.(我期待很快见到你。) [重点]后接动名词(look forward to doing)。 63、be tired of - 对……厌烦 [例]I’m tired of your excuses.(我受够了你的借口。) [重点]同义短语“be fed up with”。 64、be concerned about - 关心 [例]Parents are always concerned about their children.(父母总关心孩子。) [重点]正式用语,强调情感投入。 65、take part in - 参加 [例]Did you take part in the meeting?(你参加会议了吗?) [重点]与“join”区别(join+组织;take part in+活动)。 66、pay attention to - 注意 [例]Pay attention to the traffic lights!(注意交通灯!) [重点]后接名词或动名词。 67、get used to - 习惯于 [例]You’ll get used to the cold weather.(你会习惯寒冷天气的。) [重点]后接名词或动名词(get used to doing)。 68、be responsible for - 为……负责 [例]The manager is responsible for the project.(经理负责这个项目。) [重点]系表结构,后接名词或动名词。 69、be proud of - 以……为傲 [例]She’s proud of her achievements.(她为自己的成就骄傲。) [重点]同义短语“take pride in”。 70、be interested in - 对……感兴趣 [例]He’s interested in science.(他对科学感兴趣。) [重点]后接名词或动名词。 71、It’s time for - 是……的时候了 [例]It’s time for lunch.(该吃午饭了。) [重点]后接名词(It’s time for sth.)。 72、It takes sb. time to do - 花费时间 [例]It takes me 2 hours to finish this book.(我花了两小时读完这本书。) [重点]主语为物(形式主语“it”)。 73、too…to… - 太……而不能…… [例]She’s too young to vote.(她太小不能投票。) [重点]否定含义,不可与“not”连用。 74、so…that… - 如此……以至于…… [例]He’s so tall that he can touch the ceiling.(他太高以至于能碰到天花板。) [重点]结果状语从句,可与“too…to…”转换。 75、both…and… - 两者都 [例]Both Tom and Jerry are my friends.(汤姆和杰瑞都是我的朋友。) [重点]连接两个并列主语,谓语用复数。 76、either…or… - 或者……或者…… [例]You can either stay or leave.(你可以留下或离开。) [重点]谓语动词遵循“就近原则”。 77、not only…but also… - 不但……而且…… [例]She’s not only smart but also kind.(她不仅聪明还善良。) [重点]连接两个并列成分,谓语“就近”。 78、as well as - 也 [例]He speaks English as well as French.(他说英语和法语。) [重点]强调前者,谓语与“as well as”前主语一致。 79、in addition to - 除……之外 [例]In addition to math, she studies physics.(除数学外,她还学物理。) [重点]后接名词或动名词。 80、because of - 因为 [例]Because of the rain, we stayed home.(因为下雨,我们待在家里。) [重点]后接名词或代词(不可接从句)。 81、in the long run - 从长远看 [例]Exercise is beneficial in the long run.(锻炼长远来看有益。) [重点]与“in the short term”对比。 82、take advantage of - 利用 [例]Take advantage of the sale!(趁打折赶紧买!) [重点]中性短语,根据语境可表积极或消极。 83、cut down on - 削减 [例]You should cut down on sugar.(你应该减少糖摄入。) [重点]后接不可数名词或动名词。 84、run out of - 用完 [例]We’ve run out of milk.(我们牛奶喝完了。) [重点]及物短语,需接宾语。 85、look up to - 尊敬 [例]Children look up to their parents.(孩子们尊敬父母。) [重点]反义短语“look down on”。 86、put up with - 忍受 [例]I can’t put up with his rudeness.(我无法忍受他的粗鲁。) [重点]同义短语“tolerate”。 87、keep up with - 跟上 [例]Can you keep up with me?(你能跟上我吗?) [重点]常用于比较语境(keep up with sb./sth.)。 88、come up with - 提出 [例]She came up with a great idea.(她提出了一个好主意。) [重点]及物短语,后接计划、答案等。 89、get rid of - 摆脱 [例]He wants to get rid of his old habits.(他想摆脱旧习惯。) [重点]后接名词或动名词。 90、make a difference - 有影响 [例]Your help made a difference!(你的帮助起了大作用!) [重点]常用于肯定句,表积极意义。 91、break the ice - 打破沉默 [例]He told a joke to break the ice.(他讲了个笑话打破沉默。) [重点]常用于社交场合。 92、hit the books - 努力学习 [例]I need to hit the books for the exam.(我需要为考试努力学习。) [重点]俚语,非字面意思。 93、piece of cake - 小菜一碟 [例]The test was a piece of cake!(考试太简单了!) [重点]俚语,表轻松完成。 94、cost an arm and a leg - 非常昂贵 [例]This phone costs an arm and a leg!(这部手机贵得离谱!) [重点]夸张表达,强调价格高。 95、under the weather - 身体不适 [例]I’m feeling under the weather today.(我今天身体不舒服。) [重点]委婉表达生病或情绪低落。 96、kill two birds with one stone - 一举两得 [例]Working out at home kills two birds with one stone!(在家锻炼一举两得!) [重点]强调效率或收益最大化。 6 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$