2025年中考英语完形填空十大答题技巧&常考的词汇和短语&练习3篇

2025年中考英语完形填空十大答题技巧&常考的词汇和短语&练习3篇 中考英语完形填空十大答题技巧 中考英语完形填空侧重考查语境理解、逻辑分析和词汇运用能力，掌握以下十大答题技巧，能帮你更高效地突破这类题型： 一、速读全文，抓 “主旨脉络”—— 不急于填，先懂大意 完形填空的空格会打乱文章逻辑，但核心话题和主旨不变。先跳过空格，用 1-2 分钟快速通读全文，重点关注首尾段、每段首尾句（往往点明主旨），以及人物、时间、地点等关键信息，明确文章 “讲了什么”（比如是记叙文的故事发展，还是说明文的说明对象）。 例：若首句是 “Last summer, I volunteered at an animal shelter”，可快速判断文章围绕 “动物收容所的志愿经历” 展开，后续空格需贴合 “动物救助、志愿活动” 相关场景。 二、先易后难，“跳过障碍”—— 不卡壳，从熟悉空入手 通读后开始填空时，不要按顺序硬磕难题。先做一眼能确定答案的空（比如固定搭配、明显逻辑词、自己熟悉的词汇），这些空填完后，文章的上下文信息会更完整，原本的 “难题” 会因语境补充变得清晰。 例：若空格后有 “with my parents”，选项有 “lived”“played”“talked”，结合 “with” 的常见搭配，“lived with”“played with” 都合理，但结合前文 “childhood”（童年），“lived with” 更贴合语境，可先确定。 三、抓 “逻辑信号词”—— 理清上下文的 “关系密码” 文章的逻辑关系（因果、转折、并列等）是解题关键，而逻辑信号词就是 “路标”。熟记常见逻辑词，能快速判断空格前后的语义走向： · 转折关系：but, however, yet（空格前后语义相反） 例：“She was tired, ______ she kept working.” 空格前后 “累” 和 “坚持工作” 语义相反，填 “but”。 · 因果关系：so, therefore, because（前后有 “因 - 果” 或 “果 - 因” 关联） · 并列关系：and, or, also（前后语义同类、同向） · 递进关系：besides, what’s more（前后语义 “更进一步”） 四、盯 “词汇复现”—— 答案可能 “藏在上下文中” 完形填空的语篇中，某一概念常以 “原词、同义词、近义词、反义词” 或 “指代（如 it, they）” 的形式重复出现，这些 “复现词” 往往是解题线索。 · 原词复现：空格需填的词，可能在上下文中直接出现过。 例：前文提到 “The old man has a dog. It’s his only friend.” 后文空格：“The ______ follows him everywhere.” 结合 “it” 指代，可知空格填 “dog”。 · 同义 / 近义复现：需填的词，与上下文某词意义相近。 例：前文 “Please give me a hand”（帮忙），后文空格：“I need your ______.” 结合语境，空格填 “help”（与 “hand” 同义）。 五、记 “固定搭配”—— 避免 “中式思维” 错配 中考常考 “动词 + 介词”“动词 + 名词”“形容词 + 介词” 等固定搭配，这些搭配是 “约定俗成” 的，需靠积累，解题时直接对应即可。 · 常考搭配举例： 1. 动词 + 介词：look forward to（期待）、pay attention to（注意）、depend on（依赖） 1. 动词 + 名词：make a decision（做决定）、take a break（休息）、have a try（尝试） 1. 形容词 + 介词：be good at（擅长）、be interested in（对…… 感兴趣）、be strict with（对…… 严格） 例：空格后有 “to the party”，选项有 “invited”“asked”“welcomed”，结合 “invite sb. to...”（邀请某人去……）的固定搭配，可确定 “invited”。 六、辨 “词义差异”—— 同类词靠 “语境细节” 定答案 当选项是词性相同、意义相近的词（如 “say/talk/speak/tell”“happy/glad/pleased”），需结合语境的细微需求（如动作对象、情感程度、搭配习惯）辨析： · 例：“He ______ a story to his sister every night.” 选项：said/told/spoke 辨析：“say” 后接 “说的内容”，“speak” 后接 “语言”，“tell” 后接 “故事 / 谎言” 等，结合 “a story”，选 “told”。 七、借 “语法线索”—— 时态、语态、词性不能错 虽然完形填空侧重 “语境”，但语法细节（时态、语态、主谓一致、词性）是 “基础门槛”，需结合上下文核对： · 时态：若全文以 “一般过去时” 讲述过去的事，空格动词需用过去式（如 saw, went）；若有 “now”“at present”，可能用现在进行时（am/is/are doing）。 · 词性：根据空格在句中的成分判断词性（如主语 / 宾语需名词，修饰名词需形容词，修饰动词需副词）。 例：空格在 “a ______ girl” 中，需填形容词（如 “kind”“lovely”），若选项有 “kindly”（副词），可直接排除。 八、用 “生活常识”—— 结合 “常理” 补全逻辑 部分空格可通过 “生活经验、文化常识” 快速判断，无需死抠原文细节： 例：“In winter, people in cold areas usually ______ warm clothes.” 选项：wear/buy/wash 结合 “冬天冷” 的常识，“穿暖和的衣服” 最合理，选 “wear”。 九、读 “作者情感”—— 从 “语气” 猜 “倾向” 记叙文会隐含作者 / 主人公的情感（如开心、后悔、感动），说明文 / 议论文会有 “支持 / 反对” 的倾向，抓住这些 “情感线索”，能排除与语气不符的选项： 例：“When I forgot her birthday, she didn’t get angry. Instead, she ______ said, ‘It’s okay.’” 选项：angrily/softly/sadly 结合 “didn’t get angry”“It’s okay”，可知语气是 “温和的”，选 “softly”。 十、复读全文 “复盘”—— 检查 “连贯 + 合理” 所有空填完后，务必花 1 分钟复读全文，重点检查： · 语义是否连贯：选的词是否让句子通顺，上下文逻辑是否矛盾（比如前文说 “下雨”，后文若填 “sunny” 就不合理）。 · 语法是否正确：时态、搭配、词性是否有疏漏（比如复数名词漏加 “s”，过去式错用原形）。 · 细节是否呼应：比如前文提到 “two books”，后文若填 “it”（单数），需修正为 “they”。 常考词汇搭配 一、高频词汇分类记忆 · 名词 · achievement：成就。例如：His greatest achievement was winning the national competition. · friendship：友谊。例如：The story tells us the value of friendship and trust. · pressure：压力。例如：Many students face great pressure during exams. · challenge：挑战。常考短语 accept the challenge，例如：Climbing the mountain was a big challenge for him. · progress：进步。固定搭配 make progress，例如：She has made rapid progress in English this term. · operation：手术。例如：The doctor performed an operation to save the patient. · community：社区。例如：We should take part in community activities to help others. · government：政府。例如：The government has taken steps to protect the environment. · safety：安全。例如：Wearing a seatbelt is important for road safety. · 动词 2. affect：影响。例如：Bad weather can affect our mood. 2. encourage：鼓励。固定搭配 encourage sb. to do sth.，例如：Teachers often encourage us to ask questions. 2. manage：管理；设法完成。常考 manage to do sth.，例如：He managed to finish the work in time. 2. complain：抱怨。常考短语 complain about，例如：Don’t complain about the difficulties; try to solve them. 2. expect：期待。例如：I expect to see you at the party. 2. prefer：更喜欢。固定搭配 prefer doing/to do，例如：She prefers reading to watching TV. 2. cause：引起。常考 cause problems/issues，例如：Eating too much junk food can cause health problems. 2. result：导致。固定搭配 result in/from，例如：His carelessness resulted in the accident. 2. solve：解决。常与 problem 搭配，例如：We need to find ways to solve the traffic problem. · 形容词 3. amazing：令人吃惊的。例如：The view from the top of the mountain was amazing. 3. comfortable：舒适的。例如：This chair is more comfortable than that one. 3. energetic：精力充沛的。例如：She is always energetic and ready to help others. 3. dangerous：危险的。例如：It’s dangerous to play near the river. 3. disappointed：失望的。常考 be disappointed with，例如：He was disappointed with his exam results. 3. nervous：紧张的。例如：I feel nervous when speaking in public. 3. similar：相似的。固定搭配 be similar to，例如：Their hobbies are similar to mine. 3. different：不同的。例如：People have different opinions about this issue. 二、常考固定短语 · 动词短语 1. take 短语：take up（开始从事 / 占据）、take off（起飞 / 脱下）、take away（拿走）、take out（取出）、take care of（照顾）、take part in（参加）、take place（发生）。 1. get 短语：get up（起床）、get on（上车）、get off（下车）、get to（到达）、get along with（与… 相处）、get ready for（为… 准备）、get back（回来 / 取回）。 1. make 短语：make up（组成 / 编造）、make sure（确保）、make friends with（与… 交朋友）、make a living（谋生）、make progress（取得进步）。 1. look 短语：look up（查阅 / 抬头看）、look for（寻找）、look after（照顾）、look like（看起来像）、look forward to（期待）、look out（小心）。 1. put 短语：put on（穿上 / 上演）、put off（推迟）、put away（收好）、put up（张贴 / 搭建）。 · 介词短语 2. 时间关系：at least（至少），例如：You should sleep at least 8 hours a day.；in the end（最后），例如：In the end, we found the lost key.；on time（按时），例如：Be sure to arrive on time for the meeting. 2. 因果关系：as a result（结果），例如：He didn’t study hard. As a result, he failed.；because of（因为），例如：We canceled the trip because of the rain. 2. 位置关系：in front of（在…… 前面，外部），例如：There is a tree in front of the house.；in the front of（在…… 前面，内部），例如：The teacher stands in the front of the classroom. · 其他高频短语 3. 情态动词短语：had better（最好）、would like to（想要）、used to（过去常常）、be able to（能够）。 3. 固定搭配：a lot of/lots of（许多）、kind of（有点）、a little/a few（一点）、too…to…（太… 而不能）、so…that…（如此… 以至于）、not only…but also…（不仅… 而且…）、either…or…（要么… 要么…）。 三、其他常考短语搭配 1. tell a joke/story（讲笑话 / 讲故事） 2. tell a lie /truth（撒谎 / 讲真话） 3. a little bit（一点儿；少许） 4. have a quick breakfast（匆匆地吃完早饭） 5. cut up（切碎） 6. mix up（混合在一起） 7. add… to（把.. 加到… 上） 8. at the start /beginning of（在… 的开头，在… 的开端） 9. sleep late（睡过头，起得晚） 10. on the day off（在休息日） 11. go for a drive（开车兜风） 12. win first prize（获得一等奖） 13. do chores（干家务，做杂事） 14. with the help of（在… 的帮助下） 15. take out the trash（倒垃圾） 16. make the bed（铺床） 17. fold the clothes（叠衣服） 18. stay out late（呆在外面很晚） 19. get a ride（搭车） 20. work on（从事，忙于） 21. argue with sb.=have an argument with sb.（与某人争吵） 22. have a fight with sb.（跟某人打架） 23. get on well with sb.（与某人相处融洽） 24. walk down（沿着 --- 走） 25. run away（逃跑，跑开） 26. at the doctor’s（在医院，在诊所） 27. on (the) one hand…on the other hand（一方面… 另一方面） 28. leave a message（留口信） 29. take a message（捎口信） 30. in good health（身体健康） 31. get over（克服，原谅，恢复） 32. open up（打开） 33. in danger（在危险中） 34. run out of（用尽，用完） 35. wait in line（排队等候） 36. give away（赠送，分发，捐给） 37. rather than（而不是） 38. end up with（以…. 结束） 39. There’s no (time) to do sth.（没有（时间）做某事） 40. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.（宁愿… 也不愿） 41. right away=at once=in a minute（立刻，马上） 42. would mind doing sth.（介意做某事） 43. would mind not doing sth.（不介意做某事） 44. all the time（一直） 45. first of all =at first（起初，首先） 46. shout at（朝 --- 叫喊，呼喊） 47. call sb. up = ring sb. up = make a telephone to sb.（给某人打电话） 48. compare A with B（拿 A 跟 B 比） 49. ask sb. for sth.（向某人要某物） 完型填空5篇 练习1 Do you know the “Iron Hammer(铁榔头)”? She is not a hero from a film like IronMan. But she will be a great star in volleyball history. Chinese people are all 　1　 of her. Her real name is Lang Ping.  Before the 1980s, most people didn’t 　2　 that Chinese people were tall and fast enough to play volleyball. But at the 1981 World Cup in Japan, the Chinese women's volleyball team 　3  　the world by winning the game. 　4　, the team got two World Cups, two world championships and a gold medal 　  5　 the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles! On September 29, 2019, China 　6　 the Women's World Cup trophy(奖杯) from Japan. The team didn't lose any of 　7　 games during the tournament(锦标赛). “The trophy is the 　    8    　gift to celebrate the 70th birthday of China.” People’sDaily said in an article.  Their success did not come easily. 　  9　 on the team trained very hard, especially Lang. For example, the World Cup was 　  10　 in several different cities and the team didn't have much 　  11　 to train. The girls have to squeeze(挤出) in training time when they could. Never giving up, especially during difficult times, is 　12　 part of the team's fighting spirit. Many of the team's members 　  13　 playing even after being injured(受伤).  Back to the 1980s, China was not as 　  14　 as it is today. But the team's success made them famous around the world. She was like a hero to Chinese sports fans. She gave everyone more 　15　. Lang retired many years ago. Now she coaches the Chinese women’s volleyball team. Her team is preparing for the 2021 Summer Olympics. Let’s cheer for the “Iron Hammer”! 1.A.afraid B.tired C.scared D.proud 2.A.say B.think C.show D.promise 3.A.surprised B.excited C.interested D.frightened 4.A.So B.Anyway C.Later D.Ever 5.A.for B.about C.from D.at 6.A.brought B.took C.honored D.beat 7.A.theirs B.our C.its D.her 8.A.best B.worst C.least D.most 9.A.Someone B.Anyone C.Everyone D.No one 10.A.happened B.enjoyed C.watched D.played 11.A.money B.time C.power D.chance 12.A.also B.either C.too D.as well 13.A.put up B.kept on C.turned down D.cut off 14.A.strong B.generous C.popular D.rich 15.A.patient B.attention C.confidence D.success 练习2 “Mommy, I got something for you!” Cody ran through the door after school. His face wore the biggest smile ever. He waved something above his head. “It’s a pen. But not just any pen. It’s a lucky pen!” He handed me the pen 　  1　, waiting for my reaction(反应). I looked at the pen in my hand. There was nothing 　2 　about it. It looked just like any other ballpoint pen. I had a drawer full of them. At that moment, I didn’t realize how special it was or how much I would come to treasure(珍爱) it. I had made the decision to be a(n) 　3 　. I had dreamed about it for a long time but I was afraid of being refused by the publishing houses. The night before, I told my husband my 　4   　 when I thought Cody wasn’t listening. “What if 　  5  　 likes my writing and I fail?” But Cody did 　  6 　what I said. Now he stood in front of me, watching me examine the pen. “You don’t have to be afraid now,” he said. “This pen will make your 　7 　 great and everyone will love you.” Tears filled my eyes. Refusal(拒绝) and failure didn’t seem like such a big problem any more. Even if I 　  8 　sold the first book, I had everything I could ever need. I knew that pen would bring me luck, though. And I felt 　  9　   already, just by having Cody in my life, especially when I heard what he did to get it. In the lunchroom, Cody heard an older boy talking about having a lucky 　10　. He decided to get it for me. The boy was a tough negotiator(强硬的谈判者) but Cody didn’t 　11   　. In the end, he 　  12 　his favorite Matchbox car, two army men his brother gave him, a crayon, and a piece of candy-his most important things, for that pen. Just to make　13　 feel better. I still have that pen, though it’s long out of ink, in a cup on my desk. When a refusal letter arrives and I start feeling 　14　, I look at it and remember just how lucky I am. For while I value that pen, it’s Cody who I really 　15 　 in my life. 1.A.easily B.carefully C.proudly D.naturally 2.A.strange B.special C.important D.interesting 3.A.teacher B.artist C.writer D.inventor 4.A.fear B.hope C.secret D.surprise 5.A.somebody B.everybody C.anybody D.nobody 6.A.hear B.accept C.expect D.believe 7.A.life B.dream C.stories D.choices 8.A.ever B.never C.even D.once 9.A.sure B.lucky C.brave D.proud 10.A.dog B.toy C.pen D.gift 11.A.give up B.try out C.get away D.call back 12.A.found B.kept C.sold D.changed 13.A.them B.us C.me D.him 14.A.nervous B.sorry C.angry D.lonely 15.A.respect B.praise C.serve D.treasure 练习3 Animals are our friends. Sometimes they make trouble, but sometimes they can   1   us. And they hope to live a happy life, too. Here are two real stories from our readers. The   2   story is from Ray. “My cat, Tiger, hates it when I use my iPad because it takes my attention   3   from him. One year, I had a fall at home and was   4   the floor for 16 hours. During this time, I was    5    to move and couldn't get to the phone to call for help. Tiger stayed by my side until he disappeared under my bed. ‘What's he up to？’ I wondered. To my    6   , he started to push something    7    me. It was my iPad, which I didn't realize had fallen off the bed and onto the floor. He probably didn't know what it was, but he knew that it made me happy. Thanks to Tiger, I was able to   8    with my friend, Becky, who then told my doctor. ” The second story is from Colin. “Years ago, my friend Julius saved a bird—a wild ‘Mum’ cockatoo(鹦鹉) from the side of the road and   9   it as a pet in a big cage(笼子). It lost one of her    10  , so she was unable to fly. Soon, two wild cockatoos came visiting and one ‘Dad’ bird wanted to find his way into the cage. The ‘Mum’ cockatoo in the cage was soon expecting. But as she couldn't fly, ‘Dad’ cockatoo built a home in the tree, keeping off everyone who got   11   to ‘Mum’ cockatoo. ‘Baby’ cockatoo would spend his days   12   off with his dad, leaving his mum behind. She would sit and wait until they returned home each afternoon. The family stayed together   13  .” After reading the stories, don't you think we should get   14   well with animals? No matter they are our pets or live in the wild, they have their feelings. We should   15   every life in the world. (    )1. A. keep B. help C. get D. visit (    )2. A. first B. firstly C. one D. final (    )3. A. little B. close C. beyond D. away (    )4. A. in B. on C. under D. Behind (    )5. A. unable B. able C. disability D. disabled (    )6. A. satisfied B. joy C. surprise D. surprised (    )7. A. towards B. from C. away D. on (    )8. A. think B. communicate C. stay D. get (    )9. A. kept B. keep C. saved D. save (    )10. A. wing B. wings C. eye D. eyes (    )11.way B. far C. away D. close (    )12. fly B. flying C. run D. running (    )13. happy B. happily C. sad D. sadly (    )14. along B. up C. down D. behind (  )15. believe B. trust C. respect D. hope 答案： 练习1：1-5　DBACD　      6-10　BCACD     11-15　BABAC 练习2：1-5 CBCAD         6-10 ACBBC        11-15 ADCBD 练习3：BADBA  CABAB  DBBAC 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$