专题28 构词法（知识清单）（全国通用）2026年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

专题28 构词法 ( 目录 01知识脑图·学科框架速建 02考点精析·知识能力全解 【知能解读 01 】 构词法的分类 【知能解读 02 】 派生法 - 否定前缀 【知能解读 03 】 派生法 - 表示时间的前缀 【知能解读 04 】 派生法 - 表示数字的前缀 【知能解读 05 】 派生法 - 表示动词的前缀 【知能解读 06 】 派生法 - 表示属性的前缀 【知能解读 07 】 派生法 - 表示程度的前缀 【知能解读 08 】 派生法 - 表示 方位 的前缀 【知能解读 09 】 派生法 - 其它 前缀 03 攻坚指南·高频考点突破 【重难点突破 01 】 派生法 - 形容词变名词的后缀 【重难点突破 0 2 】 派生法 - 动词变名词的后缀 【重难点突破 0 3 】 派生法 - 表示人的名词后缀 【重难点突破 0 4 】 派生法 - 名词形容词变动词的后缀 【重难点突破 0 5 】 派生法 - 形容词变副词的后缀 【重难点突破 0 6 】 派生法 - 表示方位的后缀 04 避坑锦囊·易混易错诊疗 【易混易错 01 】 转化法 【易混易错 0 2 】 合成法 - 合成名词 【易混易错 0 3 】 合成法 - 合成形容词 【易混易错 0 3 】 合成法 - 合成动词 05 通法提炼·高频思维拆解 【用法拓展 0 1 】 截短法 【用法拓展 0 2 】混合法 【用法拓展 0 3 】缩略法 ) 01构词法的分类 02派生法-否定前缀 派生法指通过在词根上加前缀或者后缀构成一个新词的方法，用派生法构成的词叫做派生词。一般词根决定词义，前缀改变词义，后缀决定词性。 前缀 特点 例词 im- 用于以“m”“b”开头的词，表示“不是”或“无” impossible 不可能的imperfect 不完美的 immoral 不道德的 immature不成熟的 il- 用于以“l”开头的词，表示“不是”或“无” illegal 非法的illogical 不合逻辑的 illegible 难以辨认的illiterate不识字的 ir- 用于以“r”开头的词，表示“不是”或“无” irrational 不理性的irregular不规则的 irresistible无法抗拒的irrelevant不相关的 un- 用于名词、动词、形容词前，表示“不是”或“相反” unhappy 不快乐unusual 不寻常的 undress脱下衣服 unlock解锁 dis- 用于名词、动词、形容词前，表示“相反”、“不”或“去除” disagree 不同意disappear 消失 dishonest不诚实的disadvantage不利条件 non- 用于名词、形容词前，表示“没有”或“不属于某种类别” nonexistent 不存在的nonprofit非盈利的 nonmetal非金属nonsense 胡说，废话 mis- 加在动词、名词之前，表示“错误”或否定 misunderstand误解misjudge误判 misleading误导misfortune不幸 anti- 加在名词、形容词之前，表示“反”，“抗”。 anti-Japanese 抗日的anti-social反社会的 antibiotic抗生素antimagnetic防磁的 counter- 加在名词、动词前，表示“反” counterpart对手counterattack反攻，反击 de- 加在名词，形容词之前，表示“去掉”“降低” degrade使降级decolor脱色，漂白 decrease减少devalue  贬值 ab- 加在形容词，动词之前，表示“偏离，脱离，与其相反” abnormal不正常的absent缺席的 abuse滥用abstract提取 【跟踪训练】结合语境给出下列单词正确形式。 1.Cheating someone's feelings is an ___________(moral) act that hurts deeply. 2.Stealing others’ belongings is ___________(legal) and can lead to serious consequences. 3.She used a unique password to ___________(lock) the encrypted file on her laptop. 4.A person who often lies is ___________(honest) and cannot be trusted easily. 5.The ___________(normal) heat this summer may be a sign of climate change. 03派生法-表示时间的前缀 前缀 特点 例词 ante- 加在名词、形容词前，before之前 ante-room前厅antecedent先行的，先时的 ex- 加在名词前，前任的 ex-presiden前任总统ex-wife 前妻 fore- 加在名词、动词前，before前．预先 forecast预测，预报，forehead前额 pre- 加在名词前，before之前 prehistory史前preface前言 pro- 加在名词、动词前，预先的 programme 计划prologue序幕 proto- 原始，初 protoplasm原生质rotoplast原物，原型 post- after之后 postwar战后postgraduate研究生 【跟踪训练】结合语境给出下列单词正确形式。 1. one can accurately ___________(tell) how technology will transform society in 20 years. 2.The ___________(war) era saw significant economic recovery and social reforms in Japan and Germany. 3.The tech firm will ___________(view) its latest smartphone model at next week’s conference. 4.The team ___________(programme) a marketing campaign for next month's product launch. 5.The documentary explores ___________(president) Clinton’s policy legacy during his time in office. 04派生法-表示数字的前缀 前缀 特点 例词 hemi-，semi- 半 semiautomatic半自动的semimechanized半机械化的 uni- 单一 unipolar单极的unicellular单细胞的 ambi-，amphi- 两 ambiguous有两个意义的，暧昧的amphibian两栖的 bi-，di- 二，双 biweekly双周(刊)dioxide二氧化物 tri- 三 triangle三角形tricycle三轮车 centi- 百，百分之一 centimetre厘米(百分之一米)centipede蜈蚣(百脚虫) kilo- 千 kilometer千米kilogram公斤，千克 milli- 千 millennial千年的milligram毫克 multi- 许多 multi-coloured颜色多样的Multi-national多民族的 【跟踪训练】结合语境给出划线单词汉语。 1.The museum’s exhibit uses multimedia to engage visitors with historical stories. 2.Climate patterns vary significantly between the two hemispheres of the planet. 3.His ambiguous reply made it hard to determine whether he agreed or not. 4.The roof’s triangular design provides both strength and aesthetic appeal. 5.I bought two kilograms of fresh strawberries at the farmers’ market this morning. 05派生法-表示动词的前缀 前缀 特点 例词 be- 使……加强 belittle使缩小，贬低befriend友好相待，帮助 en- 使人 enlarge扩大enable使……能 ew- 使人 embrace拥抱embody收录，体现 multi- 许多 multi-coloured颜色多样的multi-national多民族的 06派生法-表示属性的前缀 前缀 特点 例词 mini- small小 miniskirt超短裙minibus小公共汽车 micro-  small微 microwave微波microscope显微镜 tele- far远的，终端 teleprinter电传打字机telescope望远镜 auto- self自动 automate使自动化automobile汽车； 07派生法-表示程度的前缀 前缀 特点 例词 sur- 超；超过 surface表面；surpass超越； out- 超过，外，出， outlive比……长寿outdo胜过 super- 在上，超；超过 superheat过热supermarket超级市场 08派生法-表示方位的前缀 前缀 特点 例词 over-, up- 在…之上；向上 overhead 头顶的upright 垂直的 sub- 下，其次, 低于，不足 subway 地道submarine 水下的 under- 在..之下；低于，次于 underline在……下划线underground地下的 inter- 在……间；互相 interpersonal 人与人之间的 international国际的 intro- 到……之中 introduce介绍introspect反省 mid- rniddle中，中间 midair半空中midstream中流 ex-,extra- 在……外，向外 external外部的extraordinary非常的 trans- 转换，横过，越过 transmit传送transplant移植 09派生法-其它前缀 前缀 特点 例词 hydr- water水 hydrogen氢hydroelectric水电的 dia- 通过，借以，分离 diagraph绘图仪diagnosis诊断 re- back，again回，再 refuel重新加油relive再生，复活 co- 与……一起 cooperate合作co-auther合著者 col-；com- 共同 collect收集commemorate纪念 con-；cor- conference会议corruption腐败 hydr- water水 hydrogen氢；hydroelectric水电的 dia- 通过，借以，分离 diagraph绘图仪；diagnosis诊断 【跟踪训练】请结合语境给出下列高考真题划线合成形容词的汉语。 1. The team’s poor performance left fans feeling _______. (courage→加前缀反义) 2. Online rumors may _______ people into making wrong decisions. (lead→加前缀反义) 3. It’s _______ to park here without a permit. (legal→加前缀反义) 4. The _______ of fresh water has become a global issue. (available→加前缀反义，填名词) 5. She remained _______ about her future plans. (certain→加前缀反义) 6. His _______ behavior made everyone in the room uncomfortable. (polite→加前缀反义) 7. The data collected from the experiment was _______, so we had to redo it. (accurate→加前缀反义) 8. _______ workers often face difficulties in finding stable jobs. (employ→加前缀反义，填名词) 9. The _______ of the meeting made it hard to reach a conclusion. (order→加前缀反义) 10. Parents should not _______ their children from trying new things. (courage→加前缀反义，表“劝阻”) 11. _______ resources like coal and oil will run out one day. (renewable→加前缀反义) 12. The sudden storm caused an _______ delay in the flight. (expected→加前缀反义) 13. Cultural _______ can happen when people from different backgrounds communicate. (understand→加前缀反义) 14. It’s _______ to judge a book by its cover. (fair→加前缀反义) 15. The old building has been _______ for years, with no one living in it. (active→加前缀反义) 01 派生法-形容词变名词的后缀 后缀 例词 －age short → shortage不足；短缺 －cy efficient → efficiency效率accurate → accuracy准确性 －dom free → freedom自由；自主wise → wisdom明智；智慧 －ence confident →confidence信心dependent →dependence依赖 －ness weak → weakness虚弱；弱点aware→awareness意识 －th young → youthth年轻true → truth真理 －ty secure→security安全loyal→loyalty忠诚 【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1．The teacher praised him for his (anxious) for knowledge. 2．There are many ways to increase agricultural (efficient) in the poorer areas of the world. 3．The hotel offers a shuttle service for the (convenient) of its guests. 4．The sudden (explosive) of laughter in the room made everyone turn around. 5．It was his (ignorant) that led to the terrible accident that day. 02 派生法-动词变名词的后缀 后缀 例词 －al propose→proposal提议；求婚withdraw→withdrawal撤回；提款 －ance disturb→disturbance 打扰guide→guidance 指导 －ence exist → existence存在；生存refer → reference参考；查阅 －ion illustrate→illustration 阐明evaluate → evaluation评估 －ation consider → consideration考虑imagine → imagination想象力 －sion impress→impression 印象admit → admission接纳；准许入学 －ing warn→warning警告听觉begin → beginning开始 －ment argue → argument辩论commit→commitment 承诺，奉献 －ure depart→departure离开；出发expose→exposure 暴露 －y recover → recovery恢复；痊愈discover → discovery发现 其它 vary → variety多样化；种类tend → tendency趋向；趋势 pursue→pursuit 追求，从事relieve→relief欣慰 【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1．Winston made no (refer) to what had happened. 2．Many people believe in the (exist) of unknown creatures. 3．Jack came to China with the (intend) of realizing his dream. 4．We signed on his T-shirt expressing our best wishes and encouragement as a (remind). 5．When the old man was making the kite, the children were watching with (curious). 03 派生法-表示人的名词后缀 后缀 例词 －er village → villager村民 strange → stranger陌生人 －ar lie → liar说谎者beg→beggar 乞丐 －ee employ → employee受雇者；雇员interview → interviewee被面试者 －or invent → inventor发明家educate → educator教育家；教师 －ess steward → stewardess女乘务员host → hostess 女主人；女主持人 －ese China → Chinese中国人Japan → Japanese日本人 －an America → American美国人Australia → Australian澳洲人 －ian history → historian历史学家politics → politician政治家；政客 －ist journal→ journalist记者tour → tourist旅行者；观光者 －ant participate → participant参加者assist → assistant助手；图书管理员 【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1．More than 100 people have applied for the job up to now. The (apply) must hand in their application by Friday. 2．Each (competition) in the race is trying their best to win the gold medal. 3．The (perform) promised that he would perform his promise. 4．The sales (represent) demonstrated the new product to potential clients. 5．The shop (assist) received me indifferently while leaning on a counter. 04 派生法-名词形容词变动词的后缀 后缀 例词 －en（adj+en） broad → broaden使变宽hard → harden使变硬 －en（n+en） strength→strengthen加强length→lengthen加长 －ify class → classify把……分类beauty → beautify美化 －ize apology → apologize道歉emphasis → emphasize强调 【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1．This incident has (sharp) public awareness of the economic crisis. 2．Don’t put your prices too high or you’ll (fright) the customers away. 3．When arriving in a foreign country, you’d better (familiar) yourself with the local situation at first. 4．Doing so will (title) the ticket holder to unlimited free parking. 5．We’d better (large) the reading room by knocking through between the two small rooms. 6．I thought what you said (worse) the relationship between you two. 7．The best way to live is to help and (rich) the lives of others. 8．Gossip also can have a third effect：it (strength)unwritten，unspoken rules about how people should act. 9．The incident was likely to (threat) to ruin his chance in the election. 10．The working class is still too small to (able)a successful socialist revolution(革命). 05 派生法-形容词变副词的后缀 后缀 例词 一般形容词直接加-ly strong→strongly 强烈地exact→exactly精确地 以-y 结尾的形容词变y为i 加-ly angry→angrily生气地 busy→busily忙碌地 以-ic结尾的词形容词加-ally basic→basically 基本上scientific→scientifically 科学上 以-ll结尾形容词只须加- y full→fully充分地 dull→dully枯燥地 以-ing结尾形容词直接加-ly amazing→ amazingly令人惊叹地 interesting→ interestingly有趣地 以-ed结尾形容词直接加-ly excited→ excitedly兴奋地repeated→repeatedly 反复地 以-le结尾的形容词去e加-ly simple→simply仅仅；简直possible→possibly 可能地 以-e结尾的形容词直接加-ly definite→definitely明确地 extreme→extremely极其 特殊易错 shy→shyly害羞地public-publicly whole-wholly全部地true-truly真实地 【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1．They cleaned the house (thorough) before the Spring Festival. 2． (subsequent), new guidelines were issued to all employees. 3．She worked (energetic) on the project, finishing it three days ahead of schedule. 4．However, we all witness that preschool children are (remarkable) bad at hiding. 5．You must farm (scientific) if you want to have a good harvest. 06 派生法-表示方位的后缀 后缀 意义 例词 -ern 表示方向 eastern东方的southern南方的 -ward；-wards  表方向 upward(s)向上backwards往后退地 -wise 表方向，位置 clock-wise顺时针crosswise成十字形 01转化法 后缀 例词 动词转化为名词 Let me have a try. 让我试试。 Let's go out for a drive next Sunday.下周日我们驾车出游吧。 名词转化为动词 Hand me the knife, please.把刀子递给我，谢谢。 He chaired the meeting.他主持了这场会议。 形容词转化为动词 Don't dirty my shoes.不要弄脏我的鞋。 They tried to perfect the working conditions.他们努力改善工作条件。 形容词转化为名词 The old in our village are living a happy life.我们村的老年人过着幸福的生活。 He didn’t know the difference between right and wrong.他不辨是非。 个别词转化为名词 Life is full of ups and downs.人生有得意时也有失意时。 Warm clothes are a must in the mountains.穿暖和的衣服到山区去是必须的。 【跟踪训练】根据语境猜测划线词的词性和词义。 1.The survey results mirror the public’s growing concern about environmental issues. 2.Don’t forget to water the flowers—they’re drying out.. 3.When it comes to pests, red fire ants would probably top everyone’s list. 4.First, you should take an active part in the discussions and freely voice your opinion. 5. The company’s inbox was flooded with customer complaints after the product recall. 6. I’ll email you the report by the end of the day. 7. She googled the restaurant and found great reviews. 8.He pocketed the extra change without telling us. 9.You can’t park here—this is a no-parking zone. 10.The team was cornered in the final minutes but still scored. 02 合成法-合成名词 构成方式 例词 名词＋名词 bookstore书店notebook笔记本 名词＋动词 sunbathe日光浴sleepwalk梦游 名词＋动名词 handwriting书法birdwatching观鸟 名词＋动词＋er/or pain-killer止痛药songwriter词曲作者 名词＋介词＋名词 sister-in-law嫂子editor-in-chief总编辑 代词＋名词 she-wolf母狼，he-goat公羊 动词＋名词 pickpocket扒手washroom洗手间 动名词＋名词 reading-room阅览室sitting-room起居室 形容词＋名词 freshman大一新生greenhouse温室 副词＋动词 outlook景色，风光input输入 介词＋名词 afterbrain后脑underground地铁 03 合成法-合成形容词 构成方式 例词 名词＋形容词 duty-free免税的world-famous举世闻名的 名词＋现在分词 French-speaking讲法语的time-consuming耗时的 名词＋to＋名词 one-to-one一对一的way-to-success成功之路 名词＋过去分词 man-made人造的state-owned国有的 数词＋名词 one-way单行道的two-hour两小时的 数词＋名词＋形容词 three-year-old三岁的two-inch-thick两英寸厚的 数词＋名词＋ed ten-storeyed十层的three-legged三条腿的 动词＋副词 breakdown故障checkout结账 形容词＋名词 high-quality高质量的greenhouse温室 形容词＋名词＋ed noble-minded高尚的short-sighted近视的 形容词＋形容词 light-green浅绿色的dark-blue深蓝色的 形容词＋现在分词 ordinary-looking相貌一般的easy-going随和的 副词＋形容词 ever-green常青的under-developed欠发达的 副词＋现在分词 hard-working辛勤的far-reaching影响深远的 副词＋过去分词 well-known著名的newly-built新建的 副词＋名词 fast-food提供快餐的onlooker旁观者 介词＋名词 in-depth深入的off-line离线的；线下的 【跟踪训练】请结合语境给出合成词的汉语。 1.(2025全国一卷)…it faces particular problems with transportation — which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. 2.(2025全国一卷) In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s… 3.(2025全国一卷)As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice. 4.(2025全国一卷)For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and that it contain a thesis. 5.(2025全国一卷)Go is one of the earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. 6.(2025全国一卷) “The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. 7.(2025全国一卷) “In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal.” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition. 8.(2025全国一卷)Fishermen go out to sea daily and sell their fish in harbor-side markets. 9.(2025全国二卷) “People who live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating, ” she says. 11.(2025全国二卷)Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to exercise seven years ago after having a wake-up call. 04 合成法-合成动词 构成方式 例词 名词＋动词 sleep-walk梦游typewrite 打字 形容词＋动词 white-wash粉刷safeguard保护 副词＋动词 overwhelm压倒，制服overthrow 推翻 【跟踪训练】请结合语境给出合成词的汉语。 1.(2024全国I卷)In the club, there are many like-minded people. 2.(2024全国I卷)You need to reschedule your meeting because of the conflict. 3.(2024全国I卷)The fans of the home team outnumber those of the visiting team. 4.(2023新高考II卷) These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. 5.(2023全国乙卷) The Chinese coach transformed Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the world, helping her skyrocket from an average member of the national team to the top of the sport.” 6.(2022新高考I卷)These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today. 7.(2022全国甲卷) Goffin’s cockatoos…have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. 8.(2022全国甲卷) These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget. 9.(2021全国甲) It’s the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria 10.(2020全国III卷) Four years ago they all moved into a three - storey Victorian house in Bristol - one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof. 01 截短法 截短法（Clipping）是构词法中通过截取原词的一部分（前缀、后缀或中间部分）形成新词的方法，新词通常保留原词的核心含义，且更简洁、口语化。 构成方式 例词 截去词尾 advertisement—ad广告 examination—exam测试 laboratory---lab实验室 gymnasium—gym健身房application—app应用程序 截去词头 telephone—phone电话earthquake—quake地震 minibus---bus公共汽车 aeroplane---plane飞机 截去词头和词尾 influenza—flu 流感refrigerator—fridge冰箱 mathematics—maths数学 02 混合法 构成方式 例词 词首+词尾 brunch=breakfast + lunch 早午餐 smog=smoke + fog烟雾 motel=motor + hotel 汽车旅馆 词首+词首 sci-fi =science + fiction科幻小说/电影 modem =modulator +demodulator调制解调器 lidar =light +dar 激光雷达 词首+整词 medicare =medical +care医疗保险 Eurasia =`Europe + Asia欧亚大陆 blog =blend + log博客 整词 + 词尾 newscast = news + broadcast新闻广播 netizen = net + citizen网民 workaholic = work + alcoholic工作狂 03 缩略法 构成方式 例词 字母大写，读单个字母 UN=United Nations 联合国 DIY =Do It Yourself己动手做 VIP =Very Important Person贵宾 CEO=Chief Executive Officer首席执行官 GPS=Global Positioning System全球定位系统 WTO= World Tread Organization世界贸易组织 BBC=British Broadcasting Corporation英国广播公司 字母大小写，读作一个词 NATO= North Atlantic Treaty Organization北大西洋公约组织 TOEFL=Test of English as a Foreign Language 托福 laser= lightwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation激光 UNESCO =the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organizatio联合国教科文组织 【跟踪训练】结合语境给出划线单词的汉语。 1. The hotel’s brunch buffet offers a wide range of dishes, from eggs Benedict to pastries. 2. The delivery company uses GPS to monitor the real-time movement of its trucks across the country. 3. Getting a flu vaccine every year can effectively reduce the risk of infection. 4. As a VIP member, you’ll receive exclusive discounts and early access to new products. 5. I prefer giving DIY presents, like hand-painted mugs or homemade candles. ( 构词法 综合能力提升 ) 一、单句填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1. (2025全国一卷）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the ___________ (strategy) placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 2. (2025全国二卷）Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, where bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and ___________ (center) heating doesn’t exist. 3. (2025北京卷）Most days after school, I love walking in the forest with my dog Nick. It’s 11 (peace), especially around sunset. 4. (2024新课标I卷）The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective 57 (function) structure that is also beautiful. 5.（2023新课标I卷）Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, 36 (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. 6.（2023全国乙卷）The 69 (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, means there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. 7.（2023浙江1月卷）The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by (space) homes and walled gardens. 8.（2022全国甲卷）Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ____________ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey. 9.（2021新课标II卷）I told him how ____________ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. 10.（2021全国乙卷）·Provide ____________ (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples. 二、单句填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.（2025全国一卷）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, 65 (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 2.（2024九省联考卷）Today, a writer (simple) throws an empty pen away and gets a new one. 3.（2023浙江1月卷）The term “hutong”, (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty. 4.（2022新课标I卷）The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and ____________ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. 5.（2022新课标II卷）When he looked down, he ____________ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. 6.（2021新课标I卷）The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will ____________ (undoubted) help you get refreshed! 7.（2020全国III卷）As the small boat moved ____________ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. 8.（2023新课标II卷）So, what are they learning? 43 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. 9.（2021天津卷）As working from home becomes ____________(increasing) common, people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career. 10.（2020全国I卷）Landing on the moon’s far side is ____________ (extreme) challenging. 三、单句填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.（2025全国一卷）“In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your 59 (guide) till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition. 2.（2025浙江 1月卷）Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women to rent rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive 61 (solve) to one-time event dressing. 3.（2025八省联考卷）As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture, the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history, its hard-working people, its development through 65 (innovate), and its inclusiveness. 4.（2024全国甲卷）They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the 68 ( complete ) of their journey. 5.（2024浙江1月卷）Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the __________ (criticize) that they lead to waste. 6. (2023新课标II卷）Since June 2017, right before the __________ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English. 7.（2023全国甲卷）The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Cason’s theme is a more weighty __________ (warn) about environmental destruction. 8.（2021新课标II卷）A company ________ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over from plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights. 9. （2024新课标II卷）Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international 62 (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed to find the connection between the two great writers. 10.（2022全国乙卷）“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the largest tea-producing country, China has a __________ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. 三、构词法与语法填空 （25-26高三上·湖北襄阳·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jay Chou 1 (release) the music video for the title track on his upcoming album, Greatest Works of Art, on July 6th, 2 (collect) more than 6 million views on QQ Music within two hours. In the video, Chou enters the La Samaritaine, a shopping mall that boasts 3 history of over 150 years and a landmark of Paris, and plays a melody on the piano that brings him back to the 1920s. The plot echoes the fictional story 4 (tell) in Chou’s directorial film, Secret, 5 the chief characters travel back and forth in time by playing a magic score on a piano. Through his journey in the video, he interacts with 6 (impress) artists, including Rene Magritte, Salvador Dali, Chinese painter Chang Yu, and Chinese poet Xu Zhimo, exploring the Mecca for artists at a time in the past when timeless works of modern art and literature 7 (create). Lang Lang, a famous 8 (piano) also performs in the video. He said it was a creative one which featured elements of both pop 9 classical music. Lang said, “Chou got this idea five years ago. 10 (extreme) passionate about art, he hopes more people can become interested in art and feel art is everywhere.” 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共17页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题28 构词法 ( 目录 01知识脑图·学科框架速建 02考点精析·知识能力全解 【知能解读 01 】 构词法的分类 【知能解读 02 】 派生法 - 否定前缀 【知能解读 03 】 派生法 - 表示时间的前缀 【知能解读 04 】 派生法 - 表示数字的前缀 【知能解读 05 】 派生法 - 表示动词的前缀 【知能解读 06 】 派生法 - 表示属性的前缀 【知能解读 07 】 派生法 - 表示程度的前缀 【知能解读 08 】 派生法 - 表示 方位 的前缀 【知能解读 09 】 派生法 - 其它 前缀 03 攻坚指南·高频考点突破 【重难点突破 01 】 派生法 - 形容词变名词的后缀 【重难点突破 0 2 】 派生法 - 动词变名词的后缀 【重难点突破 0 3 】 派生法 - 表示人的名词后缀 【重难点突破 0 4 】 派生法 - 名词形容词变动词的后缀 【重难点突破 0 5 】 派生法 - 形容词变副词的后缀 【重难点突破 0 6 】 派生法 - 表示方位的后缀 04 避坑锦囊·易混易错诊疗 【易混易错 01 】 转化法 【易混易错 0 2 】 合成法 - 合成名词 【易混易错 0 3 】 合成法 - 合成形容词 【易混易错 0 3 】 合成法 - 合成动词 05 通法提炼·高频思维拆解 【用法拓展 0 1 】 截短法 【用法拓展 0 2 】混合法 【用法拓展 0 3 】缩略法 ) 01构词法的分类 02派生法-否定前缀 派生法指通过在词根上加前缀或者后缀构成一个新词的方法，用派生法构成的词叫做派生词。一般词根决定词义，前缀改变词义，后缀决定词性。 前缀 特点 例词 im- 用于以“m”“b”开头的词，表示“不是”或“无” impossible 不可能的imperfect 不完美的 immoral 不道德的 immature不成熟的 il- 用于以“l”开头的词，表示“不是”或“无” illegal 非法的illogical 不合逻辑的 illegible 难以辨认的illiterate不识字的 ir- 用于以“r”开头的词，表示“不是”或“无” irrational 不理性的irregular不规则的 irresistible无法抗拒的irrelevant不相关的 un- 用于名词、动词、形容词前，表示“不是”或“相反” unhappy 不快乐unusual 不寻常的 undress脱下衣服 unlock解锁 dis- 用于名词、动词、形容词前，表示“相反”、“不”或“去除” disagree 不同意disappear 消失 dishonest不诚实的disadvantage不利条件 non- 用于名词、形容词前，表示“没有”或“不属于某种类别” nonexistent 不存在的nonprofit非盈利的 nonmetal非金属nonsense 胡说，废话 mis- 加在动词、名词之前，表示“错误”或否定 misunderstand误解misjudge误判 misleading误导misfortune不幸 anti- 加在名词、形容词之前，表示“反”，“抗”。 anti-Japanese 抗日的anti-social反社会的 antibiotic抗生素antimagnetic防磁的 counter- 加在名词、动词前，表示“反” counterpart对手counterattack反攻，反击 de- 加在名词，形容词之前，表示“去掉”“降低” degrade使降级decolor脱色，漂白 decrease减少devalue  贬值 ab- 加在形容词，动词之前，表示“偏离，脱离，与其相反” abnormal不正常的absent缺席的 abuse滥用abstract提取 【跟踪训练】结合语境给出下列单词正确形式。 1.Cheating someone's feelings is an ___________(moral) act that hurts deeply. 2.Stealing others’ belongings is ___________(legal) and can lead to serious consequences. 3.She used a unique password to ___________(lock) the encrypted file on her laptop. 4.A person who often lies is ___________(honest) and cannot be trusted easily. 5.The ___________(normal) heat this summer may be a sign of climate change. 【参考答案】 1. immoral 2. illegal 3. unlock 4. dishonest 5. abnormal 03派生法-表示时间的前缀 前缀 特点 例词 ante- 加在名词、形容词前，before之前 ante-room前厅antecedent先行的，先时的 ex- 加在名词前，前任的 ex-presiden前任总统ex-wife 前妻 fore- 加在名词、动词前，before前．预先 forecast预测，预报，forehead前额 pre- 加在名词前，before之前 prehistory史前preface前言 pro- 加在名词、动词前，预先的 programme 计划prologue序幕 proto- 原始，初 protoplasm原生质rotoplast原物，原型 post- after之后 postwar战后postgraduate研究生 【跟踪训练】结合语境给出下列单词正确形式。 1. one can accurately ___________(tell) how technology will transform society in 20 years. 2.The ___________(war) era saw significant economic recovery and social reforms in Japan and Germany. 3.The tech firm will ___________(view) its latest smartphone model at next week’s conference. 4.The team ___________(programme) a marketing campaign for next month's product launch. 5.The documentary explores ___________(president) Clinton’s policy legacy during his time in office. 【参考答案】 1. foretell 2. postwar 3. preview 4. is programming 5. ex-president 04派生法-表示数字的前缀 前缀 特点 例词 hemi-，semi- 半 semiautomatic半自动的semimechanized半机械化的 uni- 单一 unipolar单极的unicellular单细胞的 ambi-，amphi- 两 ambiguous有两个意义的，暧昧的amphibian两栖的 bi-，di- 二，双 biweekly双周(刊)dioxide二氧化物 tri- 三 triangle三角形tricycle三轮车 centi- 百，百分之一 centimetre厘米(百分之一米)centipede蜈蚣(百脚虫) kilo- 千 kilometer千米kilogram公斤，千克 milli- 千 millennial千年的milligram毫克 multi- 许多 multi-coloured颜色多样的Multi-national多民族的 【跟踪训练】结合语境给出划线单词汉语。 1.The museum’s exhibit uses multimedia to engage visitors with historical stories. 2.Climate patterns vary significantly between the two hemispheres of the planet. 3.His ambiguous reply made it hard to determine whether he agreed or not. 4.The roof’s triangular design provides both strength and aesthetic appeal. 5.I bought two kilograms of fresh strawberries at the farmers’ market this morning. 【参考答案】 1. 多媒体 2. 半球 3. 模棱两可的4. 三角形 5. 千克 05派生法-表示动词的前缀 前缀 特点 例词 be- 使……加强 belittle使缩小，贬低befriend友好相待，帮助 en- 使人 enlarge扩大enable使……能 ew- 使人 embrace拥抱embody收录，体现 multi- 许多 multi-coloured颜色多样的multi-national多民族的 06派生法-表示属性的前缀 前缀 特点 例词 mini- small小 miniskirt超短裙minibus小公共汽车 micro-  small微 microwave微波microscope显微镜 tele- far远的，终端 teleprinter电传打字机telescope望远镜 auto- self自动 automate使自动化automobile汽车； 07派生法-表示程度的前缀 前缀 特点 例词 sur- 超；超过 surface表面；surpass超越； out- 超过，外，出， outlive比……长寿outdo胜过 super- 在上，超；超过 superheat过热supermarket超级市场 08派生法-表示方位的前缀 前缀 特点 例词 over-, up- 在…之上；向上 overhead 头顶的upright 垂直的 sub- 下，其次, 低于，不足 subway 地道submarine 水下的 under- 在..之下；低于，次于 underline在……下划线underground地下的 inter- 在……间；互相 interpersonal 人与人之间的 international国际的 intro- 到……之中 introduce介绍introspect反省 mid- rniddle中，中间 midair半空中midstream中流 ex-,extra- 在……外，向外 external外部的extraordinary非常的 trans- 转换，横过，越过 transmit传送transplant移植 09派生法-其它前缀 前缀 特点 例词 hydr- water水 hydrogen氢hydroelectric水电的 dia- 通过，借以，分离 diagraph绘图仪diagnosis诊断 re- back，again回，再 refuel重新加油relive再生，复活 co- 与……一起 cooperate合作co-auther合著者 col-；com- 共同 collect收集commemorate纪念 con-；cor- conference会议corruption腐败 hydr- water水 hydrogen氢；hydroelectric水电的 dia- 通过，借以，分离 diagraph绘图仪；diagnosis诊断 【跟踪训练】请结合语境给出下列高考真题划线合成形容词的汉语。 1. The team’s poor performance left fans feeling _______. (courage→加前缀反义) 2. Online rumors may _______ people into making wrong decisions. (lead→加前缀反义) 3. It’s _______ to park here without a permit. (legal→加前缀反义) 4. The _______ of fresh water has become a global issue. (available→加前缀反义，填名词) 5. She remained _______ about her future plans. (certain→加前缀反义) 6. His _______ behavior made everyone in the room uncomfortable. (polite→加前缀反义) 7. The data collected from the experiment was _______, so we had to redo it. (accurate→加前缀反义) 8. _______ workers often face difficulties in finding stable jobs. (employ→加前缀反义，填名词) 9. The _______ of the meeting made it hard to reach a conclusion. (order→加前缀反义) 10. Parents should not _______ their children from trying new things. (courage→加前缀反义，表“劝阻”) 11. _______ resources like coal and oil will run out one day. (renewable→加前缀反义) 12. The sudden storm caused an _______ delay in the flight. (expected→加前缀反义) 13. Cultural _______ can happen when people from different backgrounds communicate. (understand→加前缀反义) 14. It’s _______ to judge a book by its cover. (fair→加前缀反义) 15. The old building has been _______ for years, with no one living in it. (active→加前缀反义) 【参考答案】 1. discouraged 2. mislead 3. illegal 4. unavailability 5. uncertain 6. impolite 7. inaccurate 8. Unemployed 9. disorder 10. discourage 11. Non-renewable 12. unexpected 13. misunderstandings 14. unfair 15. inactive 01 派生法-形容词变名词的后缀 后缀 例词 －age short → shortage不足；短缺 －cy efficient → efficiency效率accurate → accuracy准确性 －dom free → freedom自由；自主wise → wisdom明智；智慧 －ence confident →confidence信心dependent →dependence依赖 －ness weak → weakness虚弱；弱点aware→awareness意识 －th young → youthth年轻true → truth真理 －ty secure→security安全loyal→loyalty忠诚 【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1．The teacher praised him for his (anxious) for knowledge. 1．anxiety 解析：考查名词。句意：老师因他对知识的渴望而表扬了他。分析句子结构可知，空格处需填入名词作介词for的宾语，anxiety，意为“渴望”，为不可数名词，anxiety for knowledge表示“对知识的渴望”，符合语境，故填anxiety。 2．There are many ways to increase agricultural (efficient) in the poorer areas of the world. 2．efficiency 解析：考查名词。句意：在世界较贫穷地区，提高农业效率的方法有很多。空处作动词increase的宾语，应用名词形式，efficient是形容词，用不可数名词efficiency作宾语。故填efficiency。 3．The hotel offers a shuttle service for the (convenient) of its guests. 3．convenience 解析：考查名词。句意：这家旅馆为方便客人提供班车服务。分析句子可知，设空处应填名词作介词for的宾语，“方便”是convenience，为不可数名词。故填convenience。 4．The sudden (explosive) of laughter in the room made everyone turn around. 4．explosion 解析：考查名词。句意：房间里突然爆发的笑声使每个人都转过身来。分析句子可知，句中 “sudden”（突然的）为形容词，需修饰名词，因此空格处应填入“explosive”的名词形式。“explosive”是形容词，意为“爆炸性的”，其名词形式为 “explosion”，表示“爆炸；爆发”，作主语。故填explosion。 5．It was his (ignorant) that led to the terrible accident that day. 5．ignorance 解析：考查名词。句意：是他的无知导致了那天那场可怕的事故。该句为强调句型“it be+被强调部分+that...”，此处位于形容词性物主代词“his”后，需用名词作主语，所给词“ignorant”为形容词，意为“无知的”，其名词形式ignorance意为“无知”，不可数。故填ignorance。 02 派生法-动词变名词的后缀 后缀 例词 －al propose→proposal提议；求婚withdraw→withdrawal撤回；提款 －ance disturb→disturbance 打扰guide→guidance 指导 －ence exist → existence存在；生存refer → reference参考；查阅 －ion illustrate→illustration 阐明evaluate → evaluation评估 －ation consider → consideration考虑imagine → imagination想象力 －sion impress→impression 印象admit → admission接纳；准许入学 －ing warn→warning警告听觉begin → beginning开始 －ment argue → argument辩论commit→commitment 承诺，奉献 －ure depart→departure离开；出发expose→exposure 暴露 －y recover → recovery恢复；痊愈discover → discovery发现 其它 vary → variety多样化；种类tend → tendency趋向；趋势 pursue→pursuit 追求，从事relieve→relief欣慰 【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1．Winston made no (refer) to what had happened. 1．reference 解析：考查名词。句意：Winston没有提及所发生的事情。空前的no修饰名词，空处需用所给词的名词形式，make reference to是固定短语，意为“提及；提到”，make no reference to则意为“没有提及；未提到”，其中reference为名词，作make的宾语，故填reference。 2．Many people believe in the (exist) of unknown creatures. 2．existence 解析：考查名词。句意：许多人相信未知生物的存在。空处作in的宾语，前面有冠词修饰，应填名词形式，故填existence。 3．Jack came to China with the (intend) of realizing his dream. 3．intention 解析：考查名词。句意：杰克来到中国，意在实现自己的梦想。结合空格前的the和空格后的of可知作介词with的宾语，用名词intention“目的，打算”，故填intention。 4．We signed on his T-shirt expressing our best wishes and encouragement as a (remind). 4．reminder 解析：考查名词。句意：我们在他的t恤上签名，表达我们的祝福和鼓励，作为提醒。空处作介词as的宾语，前面有不定冠词修饰，应填名词单数，故填reminder。 5．When the old man was making the kite, the children were watching with (curious). 5．curiosity 解析：考查名词。句意：当老人在做风筝时，孩子们好奇地看着。空处使用名词作with的宾语，curious的名词为curiosity意为“好奇心”，with curiosity意为“好奇地”。故填curiosity。 03 派生法-表示人的名词后缀 后缀 例词 －er village → villager村民 strange → stranger陌生人 －ar lie → liar说谎者beg→beggar 乞丐 －ee employ → employee受雇者；雇员interview → interviewee被面试者 －or invent → inventor发明家educate → educator教育家；教师 －ess steward → stewardess女乘务员host → hostess 女主人；女主持人 －ese China → Chinese中国人Japan → Japanese日本人 －an America → American美国人Australia → Australian澳洲人 －ian history → historian历史学家politics → politician政治家；政客 －ist journal→ journalist记者tour → tourist旅行者；观光者 －ant participate → participant参加者assist → assistant助手；图书管理员 【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1．More than 100 people have applied for the job up to now. The (apply) must hand in their application by Friday. 1．applicants解析：考查名词。句意：到目前为止，已有100多人申请了这份工作。申请人必须在星期五之前提交申请。填名词applicant，指“申请人”，根据前文More than 100 people，用复数作主语。故填applicants。 2．Each (competition) in the race is trying their best to win the gold medal. 2．competitor 解析：考查名词。句意：赛跑中的每位参赛者都在尽自己的全力去赢得金牌。根据空前的限定词Each及后面的is可知，此处需填可数名词的单数形式，作句子主语。根据后面的is trying their best可知，空处作主语的名词应表示人。所给词competition意为“比赛”，表示“参赛者”的名词为competitor。故填competitor。 3．The (perform) promised that he would perform his promise. 3．performer 解析：考查名词。句意：这位表演者承诺他会履行自己的诺言。空处应用名词作主语，且表示人，perform的名词形式为performer“表演者”，结合后文的he可知此处表特指，用其单数形式。故填performer。 4．The sales (represent) demonstrated the new product to potential clients. 4．representative/representatives 解析：考查名词。句意：销售代表向潜在客户展示了新产品。空处需用名词作句子的主语，represent对应的名词为representative“代表”，此处可指一名或多名销售代表，用单数或复数形式均可。故填representative(s)。 5．The shop (assist) received me indifferently while leaning on a counter. 5．assistant 解析：考查名词。句意：店员靠着柜台，冷淡地接待了我。空后为谓语动词received，所以此处需用名词作主语，所给词“assist”为动词，意为“帮助”，其名词形式是assistant，意为“助手；店员”，shop assistant意为“店员”，结合句意用单数。故填assistant。 04 派生法-名词形容词变动词的后缀 后缀 例词 －en（adj+en） broad → broaden使变宽hard → harden使变硬 －en（n+en） strength→strengthen加强length→lengthen加长 －ify class → classify把……分类beauty → beautify美化 －ize apology → apologize道歉emphasis → emphasize强调 【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1．This incident has (sharp) public awareness of the economic crisis. 1．sharpened 解析：考查动词。句意：这一事件提高了公众对经济危机的认识。根据空后的名词短语public awareness可知，空处应用及物动词。sharpen意为“（使）加强，（使）提高”，为及物动词。空前有助动词has，所以空处应用过去分词，构成现在完成时。故填sharpened。 2．Don’t put your prices too high or you’ll (fright) the customers away. 2．frighten 解析：考查动词。句意：别把价格定得太高，否则你会吓跑顾客的。空前有助动词will，所以空处应用动词原形。frighten意为“使惊吓”，frighten away表示“把……吓跑”。故填frighten。 3．When arriving in a foreign country, you’d better (familiar) yourself with the local situation at first. 3．familiarize 解析：考查动词。句意：到了外国，你最好先熟悉一下当地的情况。根据you’d better可知，空处应用动词原形。familiarize意为“使熟悉”，为及物动词。familiarize oneself with意为“熟悉，了解”，为固定搭配。故填familiarize。 4．Doing so will (title) the ticket holder to unlimited free parking. 4．entitle 解析：考查动词。句意：这样做将使持票人有权无限制地免费停车。根据句意和提示词可知，空格处填提示词名词title“头衔”动词形式entitle“赋予权利”，作谓语，助动词will后用动词原形。故填entitle。 5．We’d better (large) the reading room by knocking through between the two small rooms. 5．enlarge 解析：考查动词。句意：我们最好把两个小房间之间打通，把阅览室扩大。had better do sth.意为“最好做某事”，后接动词原形，故空格处填动词；large，形容词；enlarge，动词，意为“扩大”。故填enlarge。 6．I thought what you said (worse) the relationship between you two. 6．worsened 解析：考查动词及动词时态。句意：我以为你说的话恶化了你们之间的关系。设空处在句中作从句谓语，应用动词；结合句意及提示词可知，此处应用worsen，时态为一般过去时。故填worsened。 7．The best way to live is to help and (rich) the lives of others. 7．enrich 解析：考查动词。句意：最好的生活方式是帮助和丰富别人的生活。分析句子结构，空处与and之前的help并列，help为动词，故空处应用动词形式enrich，表示“使富有”。故填enrich。 8．Gossip also can have a third effect：it (strength)unwritten，unspoken rules about how people should act. 8．strengthens 解析：考查实义动词与主谓一致。句意：闲话还有第三个影响：它加强了不成文的，不言而喻的规则，这些规则就是人们应该如何行事。冒号后是对effect的解释，应该是一个结构完整的句子。由冒号前句子可以看出这是陈述一般的事实，应使用一般现在时。冒号后句子缺少谓语，主语为it，所以填动词的第三人称单数形式。“strength（力量）”的动词形式为“strengthen（加强、巩固）”，故填strengthens。 9．The incident was likely to (threat) to ruin his chance in the election. 9．threaten 解析：考查动词。句意：这一事件很可能危及他竞选的机会。固定短语be likely to do sth.“很可能做某事”，可知此处要用动词的原形。故填threaten。 10．The working class is still too small to (able)a successful socialist revolution(革命). 10．enable 解析：考查动词。句意：工人阶级仍然太弱小，不能成功地进行社会主义革命。分析句子，该空需要一个动词原形，too...to do ...，所给词able为形容词，其动词enable符合题意。故填enable。 05 派生法-形容词变副词的后缀 后缀 例词 一般形容词直接加-ly strong→strongly 强烈地exact→exactly精确地 以-y 结尾的形容词变y为i 加-ly angry→angrily生气地 busy→busily忙碌地 以-ic结尾的词形容词加-ally basic→basically 基本上scientific→scientifically 科学上 以-ll结尾形容词只须加- y full→fully充分地 dull→dully枯燥地 以-ing结尾形容词直接加-ly amazing→ amazingly令人惊叹地 interesting→ interestingly有趣地 以-ed结尾形容词直接加-ly excited→ excitedly兴奋地repeated→repeatedly 反复地 以-le结尾的形容词去e加-ly simple→simply仅仅；简直possible→possibly 可能地 以-e结尾的形容词直接加-ly definite→definitely明确地 extreme→extremely极其 特殊易错 shy→shyly害羞地public-publicly whole-wholly全部地true-truly真实地 【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1．They cleaned the house (thorough) before the Spring Festival. 1．thoroughly 解析：考查副词。句意：春节前他们把房子彻底打扫了一遍。空处修饰动词cleaned，应填副词作状语，thorough的副词为thoroughly意为“彻底地”符合句意。故填thoroughly。 2． (subsequent), new guidelines were issued to all employees. 2．Subsequently 解析：考查副词。句意：随后，向所有员工发布了新的指导方针。空处修饰整个句子，应用副词作状语，subsequent的副词形式为subsequently“随后，后来”，位于句首首字母大写。故填Subsequently。 3．She worked (energetic) on the project, finishing it three days ahead of schedule. 3．energetically 解析：考查副词。句意：她全力以赴地投入到这个项目中，最终提前三天完成了它。修饰动词work用副词energetically，作状语。故填energetically。 4．However, we all witness that preschool children are (remarkable) bad at hiding. 4．remarkably 解析：考查副词。句意：然而，我们都看到学龄前儿童非常不善于躲藏。修饰形容词bad，需用副词形式；remarkable的副词为remarkably，意为“非常”。故填remarkably。 5．You must farm (scientific) if you want to have a good harvest. 5．scientifically 解析：考查副词。句意：如果你想有好收成，你必须科学地耕种。空白处修饰动词farm，需用副词；所给词scientific为形容词，其副词形式为scientifically，意为“科学地”。故填scientifically。 06 派生法-表示方位的后缀 后缀 意义 例词 -ern 表示方向 eastern东方的southern南方的 -ward；-wards  表方向 upward(s)向上backwards往后退地 -wise 表方向，位置 clock-wise顺时针crosswise成十字形 01转化法 后缀 例词 动词转化为名词 Let me have a try. 让我试试。 Let's go out for a drive next Sunday.下周日我们驾车出游吧。 名词转化为动词 Hand me the knife, please.把刀子递给我，谢谢。 He chaired the meeting.他主持了这场会议。 形容词转化为动词 Don't dirty my shoes.不要弄脏我的鞋。 They tried to perfect the working conditions.他们努力改善工作条件。 形容词转化为名词 The old in our village are living a happy life.我们村的老年人过着幸福的生活。 He didn’t know the difference between right and wrong.他不辨是非。 个别词转化为名词 Life is full of ups and downs.人生有得意时也有失意时。 Warm clothes are a must in the mountains.穿暖和的衣服到山区去是必须的。 【跟踪训练】根据语境猜测划线词的词性和词义。 1.The survey results mirror the public’s growing concern about environmental issues. 2.Don’t forget to water the flowers—they’re drying out.. 3.When it comes to pests, red fire ants would probably top everyone’s list. 4.First, you should take an active part in the discussions and freely voice your opinion. 5. The company’s inbox was flooded with customer complaints after the product recall. 6. I’ll email you the report by the end of the day. 7. She googled the restaurant and found great reviews. 8.He pocketed the extra change without telling us. 9.You can’t park here—this is a no-parking zone. 10.The team was cornered in the final minutes but still scored. 【参考答案】 1.反映 2.浇水 3.位居榜首 4.表达 5.塞满 6.发邮件7.谷歌搜索8.放入口袋，私吞9.停车10.逼入绝境 02 合成法-合成名词 构成方式 例词 名词＋名词 bookstore书店notebook笔记本 名词＋动词 sunbathe日光浴sleepwalk梦游 名词＋动名词 handwriting书法birdwatching观鸟 名词＋动词＋er/or pain-killer止痛药songwriter词曲作者 名词＋介词＋名词 sister-in-law嫂子editor-in-chief总编辑 代词＋名词 she-wolf母狼，he-goat公羊 动词＋名词 pickpocket扒手washroom洗手间 动名词＋名词 reading-room阅览室sitting-room起居室 形容词＋名词 freshman大一新生greenhouse温室 副词＋动词 outlook景色，风光input输入 介词＋名词 afterbrain后脑underground地铁 03 合成法-合成形容词 构成方式 例词 名词＋形容词 duty-free免税的world-famous举世闻名的 名词＋现在分词 French-speaking讲法语的time-consuming耗时的 名词＋to＋名词 one-to-one一对一的way-to-success成功之路 名词＋过去分词 man-made人造的state-owned国有的 数词＋名词 one-way单行道的two-hour两小时的 数词＋名词＋形容词 three-year-old三岁的two-inch-thick两英寸厚的 数词＋名词＋ed ten-storeyed十层的three-legged三条腿的 动词＋副词 breakdown故障checkout结账 形容词＋名词 high-quality高质量的greenhouse温室 形容词＋名词＋ed noble-minded高尚的short-sighted近视的 形容词＋形容词 light-green浅绿色的dark-blue深蓝色的 形容词＋现在分词 ordinary-looking相貌一般的easy-going随和的 副词＋形容词 ever-green常青的under-developed欠发达的 副词＋现在分词 hard-working辛勤的far-reaching影响深远的 副词＋过去分词 well-known著名的newly-built新建的 副词＋名词 fast-food提供快餐的onlooker旁观者 介词＋名词 in-depth深入的off-line离线的；线下的 【跟踪训练】请结合语境给出合成词的汉语。 1.(2025全国一卷)…it faces particular problems with transportation — which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. 2.(2025全国一卷) In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s… 3.(2025全国一卷)As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice. 4.(2025全国一卷)For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and that it contain a thesis. 5.(2025全国一卷)Go is one of the earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. 6.(2025全国一卷) “The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. 7.(2025全国一卷) “In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal.” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition. 8.(2025全国一卷)Fishermen go out to sea daily and sell their fish in harbor-side markets. 9.(2025全国二卷) “People who live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating, ” she says. 11.(2025全国二卷)Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to exercise seven years ago after having a wake-up call. 【参考答案】 1.energy-related与能源相关的2.ninth-grade九年级的3.health-related与健康相关的4.personal-narrative个人叙事的；creative-writing创意写作的5.binary-based基于二元的6.cutting-edge前沿的7.long-term长期的8.harbor-side港口边的9.plant-rich植物丰富的10. 65-year-old65 岁的 04 合成法-合成动词 构成方式 例词 名词＋动词 sleep-walk梦游typewrite 打字 形容词＋动词 white-wash粉刷safeguard保护 副词＋动词 overwhelm压倒，制服overthrow 推翻 【跟踪训练】请结合语境给出合成词的汉语。 1.(2024全国I卷)In the club, there are many like-minded people. 2.(2024全国I卷)You need to reschedule your meeting because of the conflict. 3.(2024全国I卷)The fans of the home team outnumber those of the visiting team. 4.(2023新高考II卷) These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. 5.(2023全国乙卷) The Chinese coach transformed Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the world, helping her skyrocket from an average member of the national team to the top of the sport.” 6.(2022新高考I卷)These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today. 7.(2022全国甲卷) Goffin’s cockatoos…have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. 8.(2022全国甲卷) These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget. 9.(2021全国甲) It’s the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria 10.(2020全国III卷) Four years ago they all moved into a three - storey Victorian house in Bristol - one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof. 【参考答案】 1.想法相同的；志同道合的 2.数量上超过 3.重新安排 4.跳板 5.飞速上升；猛涨 6.狩猎采集者 7.形状识别，两岁孩子 8.开启；启动 9.被列入黑名单的 10.多代同堂的 01 截短法 截短法（Clipping）是构词法中通过截取原词的一部分（前缀、后缀或中间部分）形成新词的方法，新词通常保留原词的核心含义，且更简洁、口语化。 构成方式 例词 截去词尾 advertisement—ad广告 examination—exam测试 laboratory---lab实验室 gymnasium—gym健身房application—app应用程序 截去词头 telephone—phone电话earthquake—quake地震 minibus---bus公共汽车 aeroplane---plane飞机 截去词头和词尾 influenza—flu 流感refrigerator—fridge冰箱 mathematics—maths数学 02 混合法 构成方式 例词 词首+词尾 brunch=breakfast + lunch 早午餐 smog=smoke + fog烟雾 motel=motor + hotel 汽车旅馆 词首+词首 sci-fi =science + fiction科幻小说/电影 modem =modulator +demodulator调制解调器 lidar =light +dar 激光雷达 词首+整词 medicare =medical +care医疗保险 Eurasia =`Europe + Asia欧亚大陆 blog =blend + log博客 整词 + 词尾 newscast = news + broadcast新闻广播 netizen = net + citizen网民 workaholic = work + alcoholic工作狂 03 缩略法 构成方式 例词 字母大写，读单个字母 UN=United Nations 联合国 DIY =Do It Yourself己动手做 VIP =Very Important Person贵宾 CEO=Chief Executive Officer首席执行官 GPS=Global Positioning System全球定位系统 WTO= World Tread Organization世界贸易组织 BBC=British Broadcasting Corporation英国广播公司 字母大小写，读作一个词 NATO= North Atlantic Treaty Organization北大西洋公约组织 TOEFL=Test of English as a Foreign Language 托福 laser= lightwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation激光 UNESCO =the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organizatio联合国教科文组织 【跟踪训练】结合语境给出划线单词的汉语。 1. The hotel’s brunch buffet offers a wide range of dishes, from eggs Benedict to pastries. 2. The delivery company uses GPS to monitor the real-time movement of its trucks across the country. 3. Getting a flu vaccine every year can effectively reduce the risk of infection. 4. As a VIP member, you’ll receive exclusive discounts and early access to new products. 5. I prefer giving DIY presents, like hand-painted mugs or homemade candles. 【参考答案】 1.早午餐2.全球定位系统3.流感4.贵宾5.动手做的 ( 构词法 综合能力提升 ) 一、单句填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1. (2025全国一卷）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the ___________ (strategy) placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 1. strategic 解析：考查形容词。句意：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，棋子在策略布局上的美感，以及每一步棋所蕴含的能量流动，都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网版画。此处修饰名词placement，需用形容词strategic“战略性的，策略的”，作定语。故填strategic。 2. (2025全国二卷）Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, where bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and ___________ (center) heating doesn’t exist. 2. central 解析：考查形容词。句意：然而现在，我和我的中国丈夫和他的家人住在中国浙江的农村，在那里山上野生竹子和茶树丛生，鸡总是自由放养的，而且没有集中供暖。本空修饰名词heating，应用形容词central“中央的，中心的”，作定语。故填central。 3. (2025北京卷）Most days after school, I love walking in the forest with my dog Nick. It’s 11 (peace), especially around sunset. 3. peaceful 解析：考查形容词。句意：这里很宁静，尤其是在日落时分。“is”后接形容词作表语，“peace”的形容词形式是“peaceful”，意为“宁静的”。故填peaceful。 4. (2024新课标I卷）The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective 57 (function) structure that is also beautiful. 4. functional 解析：考查形容词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。空处修饰名词structure，应用形容词作定语functional，符合题意。故填functional。 5.（2023新课标I卷）Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, 36 (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. 5.tasty 解析：考查形容词。句意：小笼包(汤包)，那些精致的饺子皮，包裹着热腾腾的美味汤和甜甜的鲜肉，是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。形容词需修饰后面的名词soup(汤)，故空格需用tasty“美味的”作定语，故填tasty。 6.（2023全国乙卷）The 69 (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, means there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. 6.remarkable 解析：考查形容词。句意：这个城市的显著发展，是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界，这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰名词“development of this city”。故填remarkable。 7.（2023浙江1月卷）The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by (space) homes and walled gardens. 7. spacious 解析：考查形容词。句意：他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处需要填形容词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。 8.（2022全国甲卷）Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ____________ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey. 8. meaningful 解析：考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构，应用形容词meaningful，作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。 9.（2021新课标II卷）I told him how ____________ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. 9. harmful 解析：考查形容词。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为how引导的感叹句，how之后接形容词，所以填harmful。 10.（2021全国乙卷）·Provide ____________ (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples. 10. financial 解析：句意：为当地人民提供财政援助和其他福利。根据空后名词aid可知，空格处应填形容词来修饰名词aid，finance的形容词形式为financial。故填financial。 二、单句填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.（2025全国一卷）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, 65 (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 1. digitally 解析：考查副词。句意：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，棋子在策略布局上的美感，以及每一步棋所蕴含的能量流动，都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网版画。此处修饰形容词generated，需用副词digitally“数字地”，作状语。故填digitally。 2.（2024九省联考卷）Today, a writer (simple) throws an empty pen away and gets a new one. 2.simply 解析：考查副词。句意：今天，一个作家只是把一支空笔扔掉，再买一支新的。空格处作状语修饰动词throws，应用副词形式。故填simply。 3.（2023浙江1月卷）The term “hutong”, (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty. 3. originally 解析：考查副词。句意：胡同起初在蒙古语当中是“水井”的意思，首次出现在元朝。空格处修饰动词meaning需要填副词形式。故填originally。 4.（2022新课标I卷）The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and ____________ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. 4. eventually 解析：考查副词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处后为动词achieve，设空处应用副词eventually作状语，修饰动词achieve。故填eventually。 5.（2022新课标II卷）When he looked down, he ____________ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. 5. accidentally 解析：考查副词。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental为形容词，意为“意外的，失误的”，其副词为accidentally，意为“意外地，失误地”，符合句意。故填accidentally。 6.（2021新课标I卷）The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will ____________ (undoubted) help you get refreshed! 6. undoubtedly 解析：考查副词。句意：山脚下的温泉是你登山后必须尝试的体验，它无疑能让你重新焕发活力！修饰动词help，用副词形式。 7.（2020全国III卷）As the small boat moved ____________ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. 7. gently 解析：句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词moved应用副词gently作状语，表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。 8.（2023新课标II卷）So, what are they learning? 43 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. 8.Basically 解析：考查副词。句意：基本上，如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，basic的副词形式是basically位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Basically。 9.（2021天津卷）As working from home becomes ____________(increasing) common, people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career. 9. increasingly 解析：考查副词。句意：随着在家工作变得越来越普遍，人们发现为人父母与全职工作相结合变得越来越容易。increasingly越来越多地，渐增地。根据后文“people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career”可知人们发现为人父母与全职工作相结合变得越来越容易，是因为在家工作变得越来越普遍，increasingly符合语境。 10.（2020全国I卷）Landing on the moon’s far side is ____________ (extreme) challenging. 10. extremely 解析：句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。 三、单句填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.（2025全国一卷）“In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your 59 (guide) till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition. 1. guidance 解析：考查名词。句意：你试图引导对手进入你的陷阱，迫使他们跟随你的“引导”直到他们输掉。此处作follow的宾语，用名词guidance“引导”，不可数名词。故填guidance。 2.（2025浙江 1月卷）Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women to rent rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive 61 (solve) to one-time event dressing. 2. solution 解析：考查词性转换。由空白处前a可知，空白处应填名词形式。 3.（2025八省联考卷）As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture, the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history, its hard-working people, its development through 65 (innovate), and its inclusiveness. 3. innovation 解析：考查名词。句意：随着越来越多的外国人开始学习中文和体验中国文化，世界将更好地了解中国及其丰富的历史、勤劳的人民、通过创新实现的发展以及包容性。此处作介词through的宾语，应用名词innovation“创新”。故填innovation。 4.（2024全国甲卷）They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the 68 ( complete ) of their journey. 4. completion 解析：考查名词。句意：他们都同意了，并发誓要在旅行结束后推广这个想法。冠词修饰名词，本空应填名词作宾语，complete名词形式为completion，不可数，故填completion。 5.（2024浙江1月卷）Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the __________ (criticize) that they lead to waste. 5. criticism 解析：考查名词。句意：许多超市不再进行“买一送一”的促销活动，因为有人批评这种活动会造成浪费。根据“that they lead to waste”可知，此处应用名词criticism表示“批评”作宾语。故填criticism。 6. (2023新课标II卷）Since June 2017, right before the __________ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English. 6. arrival 解析：考查名词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空处应填名词作介词before的宾语，arrive的名词形式是arrival，不可数名词。故填arrival。 7.（2023全国甲卷）The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Cason’s theme is a more weighty __________ (warn) about environmental destruction. 7. warning 解析：考查名词。句意：然而，卡森的主题是对环境破坏的更严重警告。形容词weighty后接名词形式。根据句中不定冠词a可知，用可数名词的单数形式。故填warning。 8.（2021新课标II卷）A company ________ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over from plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights. 8. representative 解析：考查名词。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。该空作句子主语，用名词，前面有不定冠词修饰，用名词单数，所以填representative。 9. （2024新课标II卷）Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international 62 (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed to find the connection between the two great writers. 9. visibility 解析：考查名词。句意：Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。形容词international后接名词形式，visibility“知名度”为不可数名词作宾语。故填visibility。 10.（2022全国乙卷）“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the largest tea-producing country, China has a __________ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. 10. responsibility 解析：考查名词。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填responsibility。 三、构词法与语法填空 （25-26高三上·湖北襄阳·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jay Chou 1 (release) the music video for the title track on his upcoming album, Greatest Works of Art, on July 6th, 2 (collect) more than 6 million views on QQ Music within two hours. In the video, Chou enters the La Samaritaine, a shopping mall that boasts 3 history of over 150 years and a landmark of Paris, and plays a melody on the piano that brings him back to the 1920s. The plot echoes the fictional story 4 (tell) in Chou’s directorial film, Secret, 5 the chief characters travel back and forth in time by playing a magic score on a piano. Through his journey in the video, he interacts with 6 (impress) artists, including Rene Magritte, Salvador Dali, Chinese painter Chang Yu, and Chinese poet Xu Zhimo, exploring the Mecca for artists at a time in the past when timeless works of modern art and literature 7 (create). Lang Lang, a famous 8 (piano) also performs in the video. He said it was a creative one which featured elements of both pop 9 classical music. Lang said, “Chou got this idea five years ago. 10 (extreme) passionate about art, he hopes more people can become interested in art and feel art is everywhere.” 【答案】 1．released 2．collecting 3．a 4．told 5．where 6．impressive 7．were created 8．pianist 9．and 10．Extremely 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了周杰伦新专辑同名主打歌《最伟大的作品》MV的发布情况、内容及相关评价。 1．考查动词时态。句意：周杰伦于7月6日发布了他即将发行的专辑《最伟大的作品》同名主打歌的MV，两小时内在QQ音乐上收获了超过600万次播放量。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“on July 6th”可知，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时released。故填released。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：周杰伦于7月6日发布了他即将发行的专辑《最伟大的作品》同名主打歌的MV，两小时内在QQ音乐上收获了超过600万次播放量。此处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语为前面整个句子，与collect为主动关系，用现在分词collecting，作结果状语。故填collecting。 3．考查冠词。句意：在视频中，周杰伦走进拥有150多年历史的巴黎地标性建筑——莎玛丽丹百货公司，在钢琴上弹奏了一段旋律，将他带回20世纪20年代。此处为固定搭配boast a history of，意为“拥有……的历史”，history以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：这个情节与周杰伦执导的电影《不能说的秘密》中的虚构故事相呼应，在该电影中，主角们通过弹奏一段神奇的钢琴曲在时空之间穿梭。此处为非谓语动词，story与tell为被动关系，用过去分词told，作后置定语。故填told。 5．考查定语从句。句意：这个情节与周杰伦执导的电影《不能说的秘密》中的虚构故事相呼应，在该电影中，主角们通过弹奏一段神奇的钢琴曲在时空之间穿梭。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为Chou’s directorial film, Secret，在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。 6．考查形容词。句意：在视频中，通过他的旅程，他与令人印象深刻的艺术家们互动，包括勒内·马格里特、萨尔瓦多·达利、中国画家常玉和中国诗人徐志摩，探索过去那个诞生了永恒现代艺术和文学作品的艺术家圣地。此处修饰名词artists，用impress的形容词形式impressive，意为“令人印象深刻的”。故填impressive。 7．考查动词时态和语态。句意：在视频中，通过他的旅程，他与令人印象深刻的艺术家们互动，包括勒内·马格里特、萨尔瓦多·达利、中国画家常玉和中国诗人徐志摩，探索过去那个诞生了永恒现代艺术和文学作品的艺术家圣地。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“in the past”可知，用一般过去时；且works与create为被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为名词复数，所以谓语动词为were created。故填were created。 8．考查名词。句意：著名钢琴家郎朗也在视频中表演。此处表示“钢琴家”，用piano的名词形式pianist，空前有不定冠词a，所以用单数形式。故填pianist。 9．考查连词。句意：他说这是一个富有创意的作品，融合了流行音乐和古典音乐的元素。此处为固定搭配both...and...，意为“既……又……”，所以用and。故填and。 10．考查副词。句意：他对艺术极其热爱，希望更多的人能对艺术产生兴趣，并感受到艺术无处不在。此处修饰形容词passionate，用extreme的副词形式extremely，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Extremely。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第19页，共24页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$