Unit 6 TV programmes. if, unless引导的条件状语从句-【简语法-单元重点语法精练】2025-2026学年译林版（2012）英语九年级全册

( 单元核心语法·精练 ) Unit 6 TV programmes （语法if, unless引导的条件状语从句） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、if 与 unless 引导的条件状语从句基本用法 if（如果）和 unless（除非）均用于引导条件状语从句，其中 if 表 “肯定条件”（条件成立则主句动作发生），unless 表 “否定条件”（相当于 “if not”，即排除例外情况时主句动作才发生）。 连词 含义 核心含义 例句 if 肯定条件 如果……（满足条件，主句动作发生） If it rains tomorrow（条件）, we will stay at home（结果）.（如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。） unless 否定条件 除非……（不满足条件 / 排除例外，主句动作发生） We will go hiking unless it rains（例外情况）.（我们会去徒步旅行，除非下雨。）= We will go hiking if it does not rain. 注意事项： 1. unless 引导的从句需用肯定形式，不可说 “unless it doesn’t rain”，应改为 “unless it rains”。 2. 当主句强调 “不发生” 时，unless 比 if not 语气更强，更强调 “例外情况的唯一性”，如 “You won’t pass unless you study hard.”（你不会及格，除非努力学习。） 二、条件状语从句的时态呼应规则 条件状语从句的时态需遵循 “主将从现” 原则，即主句为将来时（或含情态动词）时，从句用现在时表将来；其他时态组合需根据语境判断。 主句时态 从句时态 适用场景 例句 一般将来时（will do） 一般现在时（do/does） 表将来可能发生的条件与结果 If she comes（现在时）, I will tell her（将来时）.（如果她来，我会告诉她。） 含情态动词（can/may/must 等） 一般现在时 表可能性或必要性 Unless you hurry（现在时）, you may miss the bus（情态动词）.（除非你快点，否则可能错过公交车。） 祈使句 一般现在时 表指令或建议 If you see Tom（现在时）, tell him to call me（祈使句）.（见到汤姆，让他给我打电话。） 一般现在时 一般现在时 表客观真理或习惯 If water boils（现在时）, it turns into steam（现在时）.（水沸腾时会变成蒸汽。） 注意事项： 1. “主将从现” 中的 “将来时” 包括一般将来时（will）、过去将来时（would）等，如 “He said he would help if I needed it.”（他说如果我需要，他会帮忙。） 2. 不可在条件从句中用将来时，如错误表达 “If it will rain, we will stay.”，正确应为 “If it rains, we will stay.” 三、if 与 unless 的转换及易错点 if 与 unless 可通过 “否定转换” 互换，但需注意句子逻辑和结构的一致性，避免常见错误。 转换规则 示例（肯定句） 转换句（否定句） unless + 肯定句 = if + 否定句 We will go unless it rains. We will go if it does not rain. if + 否定句 = unless + 肯定句 You will fail if you don’t try. You will fail unless you try. 常见易错点： 1. 混淆 if 与 whether：if 表 “如果”（条件），whether 表 “是否”（疑问），如 “I don’t know if/whether he will come.”（表疑问，可用 if 或 whether）；“If he comes, I will be happy.”（表条件，只能用 if）。 2. 冗余使用连词：不可同时用两个条件连词，如错误表达 “Unless you don’t try, you will succeed.”，正确应为 “Unless you try, you won’t succeed.”（除非努力，否则不会成功。） 3. 忽略主从句逻辑：当主句为否定时，需确保转换后逻辑一致，如 “Unless you study, you won’t pass.”（正确）不可转换为 “If you study, you won’t pass.”（逻辑错误）。 注意事项： 在 “祈使句 + or + 陈述句” 结构中，or 可替换为 “if not”，如 “Hurry up, or you’ll be late.” = “Hurry up, if you don’t, you’ll be late.”（快点，否则你会迟到。） 一、单项选择 1．（2025·江苏扬州·二模）It’s 8 o’clock now! ________ you have the proper excuse, your teacher must be angry with you. A．Since B．After C．Unless D．Because 【答案】C 【详解】句意：现在八点了！除非你有合适的借口，否则老师一定会生你的气。 考查连词辨析。Since自从；After在……之后；Unless除非；Because因为。根据“…you have the proper excuse, the teacher must be angry with you.”可知，前半句是后半句的否定条件，此处应用Unless引导条件状语从句。故选C。 2．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）—_________ some extra money is found, the library will be closed. —Don’t worry. The government is giving a hand. A．Although B．Since C．While D．Unless 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——除非能找到一些额外的钱，否则图书馆将会关闭。——别担心。政府会帮忙的。   考查连词辨析。although尽管，引导让步状语从句；since自从，引导时间状语从句，也可意为 “因为”，引导原因状语从句；while当……时候，引导时间状语从句，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生；unless除非，如果不，引导条件状语从句，相当于“if...not...”。根据“some extra money is found, the library will be closed”可知，找到额外的钱是图书馆不关闭的条件，此处表示“如果找不到额外的钱，图书馆就会关闭”，所以用unless引导条件状语从句。故选D。 3．（2025·江苏扬州·二模）—I’ll go to the concert with you ________ I finish my homework. —Deal! A．unless B．if C．until D．though 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——如果我做完作业，我就和你一起去听音乐会。——成交！ 考查连词辨析。unless除非；if如果；until直到；though虽然。根据“I’ll go to the concert with you… I finish my homework.”的语境可知，此处表示条件，指如果做完作业，就会和对方一起去听音乐会，if符合。故选B。 4．（2025·江苏南京·二模）________ we have spare time, we can exercise outdoors and enjoy nature. A．If B．Until C．Before D．Though 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果我们有空闲时间，我们可以在户外锻炼，享受大自然。 考查连词。If如果；Until直到；Before在……以前；Though虽然。根据“…we have spare time, we can exercise outdoors and enjoy nature.”的语境可知，此处表示条件假设的关系，if符合。故选A。 5．（2025·江苏徐州·三模）Please raise your hand ________ you agree with us. A．unless B．if C．although D．before 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你同意我们的观点，请举手。 考查连词辨析。unless除非；if如果；although尽管；before在……之前。分析句子结构可知，从句是主句动作发生的条件，即“举手”的前提是“同意”，应用if引导条件状语从句。故选B。 6．（2025·江苏徐州·模拟预测）You can hardly imagine how amazing the book The House on Mango Street is ________ you read it yourself. A．unless B．when C．because D．since 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你很难想象《芒果街上的小屋》这本书有多精彩，除非你亲自读一读。 考查连词辨析。unless除非；when当……时候；because因为；since自从；因为。根据“You can hardly imagine how amazing the book...is”以及“you read it yourself”可知，这里表示一种条件关系，即不亲自读就很难想象书的精彩程度，“unless”符合语境。故选A。 7．（2025·江苏连云港·二模）________ you eat breakfast every morning, you won’t have enough energy for the whole day. A．Unless B．Since C．Until D．Though 【答案】A 【详解】句意：除非你每天吃早餐，否则你不会有一整天足够的能量。 考查连词辨析。Unless除非；Since自从；Until直到；Though尽管。根据“you eat breakfast every morning, you won’t have enough energy for the whole day.”可知，前句是后句的否定条件，应用unless引导条件状语从句。故选A。 8．（2025·江苏无锡·二模）Miss Xu goes jogging in Xihui Park every morning ______ it rains. A．unless B．till C．since D．as 【答案】A 【详解】句意：徐女士每天早晨都会去锡惠公园跑步，除非下雨。 考查连词辨析。unless除非；till直到；since自从；as因为，当。根据“Miss Xu goes jogging in Xihui Park every morning...it rains.”可知，后句是前句的否定条件，应用unless引导条件状语从句。故选A。 9．（2025·江苏南京·三模）—It’s reported that the plastic pollution is seriously harming the global oceans. —Yes, and I think it will be worse ________ stronger laws are made. A．since B．if C．after D．unless 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——据报道，塑料污染正在严重地侵害着全球海洋。——是的，我认为除非更强有力的法律制定出来，否则情况会更加恶劣。 考查连词辨析。since自从；if如果；after在……之后；unless除非。根据“worse”和“stronger laws are made”可知，这里应该用unless“除非”引导条件状语从句。故选D。 10．（2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测）—Does your brother have any hobbies? —No, ________ you think watching short videos is a hobby. A．if B．unless C．until D．though 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你哥哥有爱好吗？——没有，除非你认为看短视频是一种爱好。 考查连词辨析。if如果；unless除非；until直到……为止；though虽然。根据“No, …think watching short videos is a hobby.”可知，此处指除非把看短视频称为爱好，否则他就没有什么爱好，使用unless引导条件状语从句。故选B。 11．（2025·江苏徐州·二模）You should go home now ________ you do not want to be caught in the rain. A．if B．so C．unless D．although 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你不想被雨困住，你现在就应该回家。 考查连词辨析。if如果，引导条件状语从句；so所以，表因果；unless除非，引导条件状语从句；although虽然，引导让步状语从句。根据语境，“you do not want to be caught in the rain”是“you should go home now”的条件，用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。 12．（2025·江苏无锡·二模）The chairperson warned that we ________ achieve our dreams if we didn’t work hard. A．will B．won’t C．would D．wouldn’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：主席警告说，如果我们不努力工作，我们就不会实现梦想。 考查时态。根据句子可知，“we...achieve our dreams”是一个宾语从句，“if we didn’t work hard”是由if引导的条件句，表示假设。主句的动词是过去式warned，因此宾语从句的时态需与主句保持一致，使用过去时，排除A、B；另外，“不努力”会导致“无法实现梦想”，因此结果部分需用否定形式，排除C。故选D。 13．（2025·江苏无锡·二模）—Can I have another ice cream? —Jack, you may have a toothache ________ you eat too much sweet food. A．if B．though C．unless D．until 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我能再吃一个冰淇淋吗？——杰克，如果你吃太多甜食，你可能会牙痛。 考查连词辨析。if如果；though尽管；unless除非；until直到。“you may have a toothache”是“you eat too much sweet food”的结果，此处应用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。 14．（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）—Listen! Mary is singing in the classroom. She has a very good voice. —Yes, I am sure she’ll get a good place ________ she takes part in the singing competition. A．if B．before C．though D．unless 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——听！玛丽正在教室里唱歌。她的嗓音非常好。——是的，我相信如果她参加歌唱比赛，她一定能名列前茅。 考查连词辨析。if如果；before在……之前；though虽然；unless除非。后句是前句的肯定条件，用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。 15．（2025·江苏连云港·模拟预测）You will know more about its culture ________ you go around Lianyungang. A．if B．because C．though D．unless 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你在连云港四处游览，你将会更多地了解它的文化。 考查连词辨析。if如果；because因为；though虽然；unless除非。根据“you go around Lianyungang”与“You will know more about its culture”之间的逻辑关系可知，这里是条件关系，“你在连云港四处游览”是“你将会更多地了解它的文化”的条件。故选A。 二、单句语法填空 1. （2022·江苏泰州·模拟预测）They say the place may be polluted if some factories (build) in the future. 【答案】are built 【详解】句意：他们说，如果将来建一些工厂，这个地方可能会被污染。主语“some factories”与动词“build”之间是被动关系，且“if”引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”的原则，所以此处需用一般现在时的被动语态(be done)；主语“some factories”是复数，be动词需用are；build的过去分词为built。故填are built。 2. （2024·上海静安·二模）Unless you practice more, you won’t in winning the game. (success) 【答案】succeed 【详解】句意：除非你多加练习，否则就不会赢得比赛。won’t后接动词原形。success “成功”，名词，其动词形式为succeed。故填succeed。 3. （2022·江苏无锡·二模）My boss won’t allow me to have two days off unless my work (complete) tomorrow. 【答案】is completed 【详解】句意：我的老板不允许我休息两天，除非我明天完成工作。主语“my work”与动词之间是被动关系，此处用被动语态，句子是unless引导的条件状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”的结构，故从句用一般现在时的被动，主语是不可数名词，be动词用is，故填is completed。 4. （2023·江苏无锡·二模）The football match (not cancel) unless it rains heavily next Saturday. 【答案】won’t be canceled/won’t be cancelled 【详解】句意：足球比赛不会被取消，除非下周六下大雨。句子是unless引导的条件状语从句，从句是一般现在时，主句应用一般将来时，match与cancel是动宾关系，应用被动语态，句子为否定句，结构为won’t be done。故填won’t be canceled/won’t be cancelled。 5. （2024·江苏无锡·二模）Billy has decided not to share his report unless he (ask) to. 【答案】is asked 【详解】句意：比利决定不去分享他的报告，除非他被要求这样做。unless引导条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，he与ask之间是被动关系，用被动语态，主语是he，be动词用is。故填is asked。 6. （2024·江苏无锡·三模）Your personal information (steal) easily unless you are careful on the Internet. 【答案】will be stolen 【详解】句意：除非你在互联网上小心谨慎，否则你的个人信息很容易被窃取。分析句子结构，此处为unless引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句“unless you are careful on the Internet.”为一般现在时，表示假设条件，主句需用一般将来时，表示在条件成立时的结果。主语Your personal information与动词steal之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，因此用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will be+过去分词”，steal的过去分词是stolen。故填will be stolen。 7. （2022·江苏无锡·一模）Dad says we will go camping this weekend if it （not be）rainy. 【答案】isn’t 【详解】句意：爸爸说如果这个周末不下雨，我们就去露营。此句含有if引导的条件状语从句，符合“主将从现”的规则，即主句用一般将来时，从句使用一般现在时，从句主语为it，可知be动词用is，否定形式为isn’t。故填isn’t。 8. （2023·江苏淮安·一模）—Mum, could I play football with my friends this afternoon? —Of course, if your homework (finish). 【答案】is finished 【详解】句意：——妈妈，今天下午我能和我的朋友一起踢足球吗？——当然，如果你的作业做完了。if引导的条件状语从句，从句使用一般现在时。此处主语your homework和谓语finish之间是被动关系，需用一般现在时的被动语态(be done)，主语是不可数名词，be动词用is，故填is finished。 9. （2022·吉林白山·二模）You will achieve your dream you put your heart into it. 【答案】if 【详解】句意：如果你全心投入，你就会实现你的梦想。根据“You will achieve your dream…you put your heart into it.”可知，“you put your heart into it”是条件，使用if引导条件状语从句，故填if。 10. （2022·江苏南通·模拟预测）I don’t think this hall is big enough for your party you invite so many people. 【答案】if 【详解】句意：如果你邀请这么多人，我觉得这个大厅不够大，开不了派对。根据空格前后句之间关系可知，此处是一种假设，表示“如果邀请这么多人，则大厅不够大”，应用if引导条件状语从句，故填if。 11. （2021·江苏·一模）— We will succeed in the end we give up halfway. —Exactly. Let’s try to make it. 【答案】unless 【详解】句意：——除非我们半途而废，否则我们最终会成功。——确实不错。让我们试着去做。分析句子结构可知，此处连接两个句子，因此用连词，结合句意，如果我们不半路放弃，我们最后就会成功，unless如果不，除非，故填unless。 12. （2021·江苏苏州·二模）–—According to the present situation, nothing will change for the better between the two countries. —Yes, the two countries can reach an agreement. 【答案】unless 【详解】句意：——从当前形势看，两国关系不会有任何改善。——是的，除非两国能达成协议。根据“the two countries can reach an agreement.”以及“nothing will change for the better between the two countries.”可知两国关系要有改善除非是两国能达成协议，unless“除非”，引导条件状语从句，故填unless。 13. （2023·江苏南通·一模）It is hardly possible for one man to achieve success he works hard. 【答案】unless 【详解】句意：一个人除非努力工作，否则很难取得成功。根据“It is hardly possible for one man to achieve success”和“he works hard.”可知空处应填连词，一个人成功的条件是努力工作。unless“除非”符合语境，故填unless。 14. （2025·江苏无锡·一模）You won’t get paid for time off you have a doctor’s note. 【答案】unless 【详解】句意：除非你有医生的证明，否则你请假的时间将不会得到报酬。本句中，“You won’t get paid for time off”是主句，表明请假时间不会得到报酬；“you have a doctor’s note”是从句，表明除非你有医生证明，unless“除非”，引导条件状语从句。故填unless。 15. （2021·江苏常州·一模）—I think our country has done well in fighting with COVID-19. —I agree. The spread of COVID-19 can be prevented if right steps   (take). 【答案】are taken 【详解】句意：——我认为我们的国家在对抗COVID-19方面做得很好。——我同意。如果采取正确的措施，可以防止COVID-19的扩散。此处是从句的谓语，if引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主语 right steps 与动词take是被动关系（被采取），用一般现在时、被动语态，其谓语动词结构为“am/is /are+过去分词”，主语 steps是复数，be动词形式用are；故填are taken。 三、选词填空 Passage 1 （2025·湖北十堰·三模）阅读短文，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意义完整。每空仅填一词，每词仅用一次。 greet dish follow seat eat usual important if sit to Chinese food is very famous in the world. Chinese people think food is one of the most 1 things during our life. We do not 2 each other with “How are you?” but we ask, “Have you 3 ?” Since table manners are part of Chinese cooking culture, Chinese people still 4 table manners today. There is a(n) 5 for the “guest of honor” or the oldest person in the family. In most parts of China, the “seat of honor” is 6 the one facing the front door of the room. The “seat of honor” can also be the one in the middle facing east of the room 7 there is no seat facing the door. As for the host, he or she may take the most convenient seat. It is always the closest 8 the kitchen or service door. It is better to sit after the elder or the “guest of honor” 9 down. Guests should wait for the host to invite them to get seated. Chinese people like having meals together and they put all the 10 on a round table. There is sometimes a round rotating disc (旋转盘) in the center of the dining table. It makes sure that all the diners can enjoy the meal and feel respected. 【答案】 1. important 2. greet 3. eaten 4. follow 5. seat 6. usually 7. if 8. to 9. sits 10. dishes 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国饮食文化中的餐桌礼仪和座位安排。 1. 句意：中国人认为食物是我们生活中最重要的事情之一。根据“Chinese people think food is one of the most...things during our life”可知，此处使用形容词，important意为“重要的”，形容词，作定语，修饰名词things。故填important。 2. 句意：我们不会用“你好吗？”来问候对方，而是会问“你吃了吗？”根据“...each other with ‘How are you’”可知，此处表示用“你好吗”来问候对方，greet意为“问候”，空前有do not，greet用动词原形。故填greet。 3. 句意：我们不会用“你好吗？”来问候对方，而是会问“你吃了吗？”根据“Have you...”可知，此处表示“你吃了吗”，为现在完成时，eat“吃”，过去分词为eaten，故填eaten。 4. 句意：由于餐桌礼仪是中国饮食文化的一部分，中国人至今仍在遵守餐桌礼仪。根据“Chinese people still...table manners”可知，中国人依旧遵守餐桌礼仪，follow“遵守”，句中时态为一般现在时，主语为复数，动词使用原形，故填follow。 5. 句意：为“贵宾”或家中最年长的人准备了一个座位。根据“There is a(n)...for the “guest of honor” or the oldest person in the family.”和常识可知，会为贵宾或者家里最年长的人准备一个座位，空前有a，修饰单数名词，seat“座位”，单数名词，作主语。故填seat。 6. 句意：在中国大部分地区，“主位”通常是正对房间大门的位置。根据“the ‘seat of honor’ is...the one facing the front door of the room”可知，“主位”通常是正对房间大门的位置，形容词usual变为副词usually，意为“通常”，作状语。故填usually。 7. 句意：如果没有面向门口的座位，“主位”也可以是中间面向房间东面的座位。根据“The ‘seat of honor’ can also be the one in the middle facing east of the room...there is no seat facing the door.”可知，如果没有面向门口的座位，“主位”也可以是中间面向房间东面的座位。if“如果”，引导条件状语从句，符合语境。故填if。 8. 句意：它总是离厨房或服务门最近。close to“靠近”，故填to。 9. 句意：最好在长辈或“贵宾”坐下后再坐下。sit down“坐下”，句中时态为一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填sits。 10. 句意：中国人喜欢一起吃饭，他们会把所有的菜肴都放在一张圆桌上。根据“they put all the...on a round table”可知，中国人会把所有的菜肴都放在一张圆桌上，dish“菜肴”，空前的all修饰可数名词复数形式，因此dish变为dishes，作宾语。故填dishes。 Passage 2 （2024·甘肃兰州·一模）阅读下面的短文，用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，使文意通顺、结构正确。（每个单词限用一次） certainly  taxi  wallet  half  understanding  trust  themselves  unless  upset  teenager It’s normal for teenagers to make some mistakes 1 they are very careful. If they make mistakes, don’t be 2 or angry. Here’s some advice that experts give them. First, don’t keep the mistakes to 3 . Teenagers can talk to a person who they 4 . Parents and teachers are 5 and have more experience. 6 can ask them for help. Sharing a problem is like cutting it in 7 . The second step is to find a way to solve the problem. For example, Ben left his 8 on a taxi when he is traveling halfway. He can call the 9 agent first. If he knows the driver’s number, he can call the driver 10 . There is also something else he can do by himself. 【答案】 1. unless 2. upset 3. themselves 4. trust 5. understanding 6. Teenagers 7. half 8. wallet 9. taxi’s 10. certainly 【导语】本文主要针对青少年在生活中犯下错误给出几点建议。 1. 句意：青少年犯一些错误是正常的，除非他们非常小心。“they are very careful”是“It’s normal for teenagers to make some mistakes”的否定条件，用unless引导条件状语从句，故填unless。 2. 句意：如果他们犯了错误，不要沮丧或生气。根据“If they make mistakes, don’t be...or angry.”可知，犯了错误不要沮丧或生气，备选词upset“沮丧的”符合语境，故填upset。 3. 句意：首先，不要把错误藏在心里。根据“don’t keep the mistakes to...”和备选词可知，不要把错误藏在心里，themselves“他们自己”符合语境，指代青少年，故填themselves。 4. 句意：青少年可以和他们信任的人交谈。根据“Teenagers can talk to a person who they...”和备选词可知，可以和他们信任的人交谈，trust“信任”符合语境，故填trust。 5. 句意：家长和老师都很理解，也更有经验。根据“Parents and teachers are...and have more experience.”和备选词可知，家长和老师都很理解，understanding“理解的”符合语境，故填understanding。 6. 句意：青少年可以向他们寻求帮助。根据“...an ask them for help.”和前文可知，青少年可以向家长和老师寻求帮助，teenager“青少年”符合语境，此处表示复数含义，句首需大写首字母。故填Teenagers。 7. 句意：分享一个问题就像把它切成两半。根据“Sharing a problem is like cutting it in...”和备选词可知，分享一个问题就像把它切成两半，half“一半”符合语境，故填half。 8. 句意：例如，本在半路上把钱包落在出租车上了。根据“Ben left his...on a taxi when he is traveling halfway.”和备选词可知，本在半路上把钱包落在出租车上了，wallet“钱包”符合语境，故填wallet。 9. 句意：他可以先给出租车的代理商打电话。根据“He can call the...agent first.”可知，可以先给出租车代理商打电话，taxi“出租车”，此处作定语修饰agent，用名词所有格形式，故填taxi’s。 10. 句意：如果他知道司机的号码，他当然可以打电话给司机。根据“If he knows the driver’s number, he can call the driver...”和备选词可知，他当然可以打电话给司机，certainly“当然”符合语境，故填certainly。 Passage 3 （2024·江西南昌·一模）请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写到答题卡的相应位置。每个词限用一次。 long  unless  stay    probably    member  turns they  closest agree  spirit  true Some friends come into our lives for just a short time. Others come and 1 forever. Think about your best friends. How long have you known each other? Some people say that their family 2 are their best friends. Others say they have known their 3 friends for many years. And some great friends haven’t known each other for a(n) 4 time, but knew right away that there was a connection between them. Could it be that there is a twin 5 out there for each of us? What 6 a stranger into a friend? Do you know right away if you are going to like someone? Some people think that any stranger can’t become a friend 7 they spend enough time together. That may be 8 for some people. But one thing that we all 9 —true friendships seem to happen when people have something in common. We 10 see a part of ourselves in our friends. Maybe seeing the good in 11 helps us to see the good in us as well. 【答案】 1. stay 2. members 3. closest 4. long 5. spirit 6. turns 7. unless 8. true 9. agree 10. probably 11．them 【导语】本文主要介绍了朋友以及如何把陌生人变成朋友。 1. 句意：其他人来了，永远停留。根据“Others come and...forever”可知其他人来了，并且永远停留，stay“停留”，and前后的动词形式一致，故此处用动词原形。故填stay。 2. 句意：有些人说他们的家人是他们最好的朋友。family member“家庭成员”，此处用名词复数。故填members。 3. 句意：另一些人说他们认识最亲密的朋友很多年了。根据“know their...friends”可知是认识他们最亲密的朋友，故此处用最高级cloest。故填cloest。 4. 句意：一些好朋友已经很久不认识了，但他们马上就知道他们之间有着某种联系。根据“haven’t known each other for a...time”可知是很长时间不知道，long“长的”。故填long。 5. 句意：难道我们每个人都有一个孪生灵魂吗？根据“there was a connection between them”可知他们之间有联系，所以是灵魂相似，spirit“灵魂”。故填spirit。 6. 句意：是什么把陌生人变成了朋友？根据“a stranger into a friend”可知是把陌生人变成朋友，turn...into“把……变成……”，句子用一般现在时，主语是what，谓语动词用单三。故填turns。 7. 句意：有些人认为，任何陌生人都不能成为朋友，除非他们花足够的时间在一起。后句是前句的否定条件，用unless引导条件状语从句。故填unless。 8. 句意：对某些人来说可能是这样。根据“That may be...for some people”可知花时间在一起才能成为朋友，对一些人来说是这样的，true“真的”。故填true。 9. 句意：但有一件事我们都同意——真正的友谊似乎发生在人们有共同点的时候。根据“true friendships seem to happen when people have something in common”可知这个观点是所有人都同意的，agree“同意”，句子用一般现在时，主语是we，谓语动词用原形。故填agree。 10. 句意：我们可能在朋友身上看到了自己的一部分。根据“see a part of ourselves in our friends.”可知是可能在朋友身上看到了自己的一部分，修饰动词用副词probably“可能”。故填probably。 11．句意：也许看到他们的优点也能帮助我们看到自己的优点。根据“seeing the good in”可知是看到朋友身上的优点，作宾语用代词宾格them。故填them。 Passage 4 （2025·山东泰安·模拟预测）根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、完整，每词限用一次。 with   fun  effect   if  day  late  choose  mean  a  finish For students with a scientific-thinking mind, reading can be both a challenge and a rewarding experience. Here are some tips on how to read 1 . First, understand your purpose. Are you reading for knowledge, 2 or to prepare for an exam? Once you know your goal, you can choose the right materials. For example, if you want to gain scientific knowledge, science magazines or textbooks are good 3 . Second, develop a reading plan. Since you may be busy with science courses, setting aside (留出) specific time for reading is necessary. Decide how many pages you will read 4 and stick to your plan. This will help you form 5 good reading habit. Vocabulary is important. 6 you come across new words, don’t stop immediately to look them up. Try to guess their 7 from the context first. Then, after 8 the reading, you can check the dictionary and write down the words for future review. Furthermore, take notes. For scientific readings, note -taking can help you remember important points. You can write down key ideas, or any questions that come to your mind. This will not only improve your understanding but also be useful for 9 revision. Finally, discuss what you’ve read with others. Sharing your thoughts and ideas 10 classmates or teachers can give you different views. They may point out something you’ve missed or offer a new way of thinking. Through discussion, you can improve your understanding of the reading material. In conclusion, by following these tips, students with a scientific-thinking mind can make the most of their reading time and enrich their knowledge and understanding. 【答案】 1. effectively 2. fun 3. choices 4. daily 5. a 6. If 7. meanings 8. finishing 9. later 10. with 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了对于具有科学思维的学生来说，如何有效地阅读的一些建议。 1. 句意：这里有一些关于如何有效阅读的技巧。分析句子结构可知，此处是“how+不定式”结构作介词on的宾语，表示“如何做某事”，故填effectively。 2. 句意：你读书是为了获取知识、娱乐还是为了准备考试？分析句子结构可知，此处与knowledge和to prepare for an exam是并列关系，作介词for的宾语，表示“为了娱乐”，所以用名词形式fun，故填fun。 3. 句意：例如，如果你想获得科学知识，科学杂志或教科书是不错的选择。分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词作表语，且根据are可知，此处应用复数形式，表示“选择”，故填choices。 4. 句意：决定你每天要读多少页，并坚持你的计划。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词作状语，修饰动词read，表示“每天”，故填daily。 5. 句意：这将帮助你养成良好的阅读习惯。分析句子结构可知，此处泛指“一个好的阅读习惯”，且good是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以应用不定冠词a修饰，故填a。 6. 句意：如果你遇到生词，不要立即停下来查字典。分析句子结构可知，此处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，且位于句首，首字母应大写，故填If。 7. 句意：试着先从上下文中猜出它们的意思。分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词作guess的宾语，且根据their可知，此处应用复数形式，表示“意思”，故填meanings。 8. 句意：然后，读完之后，你可以查字典，把单词写下来供以后复习。分析句子结构可知，此处after是介词，后接动名词作宾语，表示“在……之后”，故填finishing。 9. 句意：这不仅会提高你的理解力，而且对以后的复习也很有用。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词revision，表示“以后的”，故填later。 10. 句意：与同学或老师分享你的想法和观点可以给你不同的观点。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定短语share sth. with sb.，表示“与某人分享某物”，故填with。 四、语法填空 Passage 1 （24-25九年级下·广东深圳·开学考试） Data shows that 2024 was the hottest year since 1961. The average temperature in the country reached 10.92°C last year, which is 1.03°C higher than the usual average, according to 1 (office) records. Global warming is the main reason for China’s higher-than-normal temperatures. So far, it 2 (cause) rising sea levels, melting glaciers, and more extreme weather, 3 (include) longer heat waves and fewer cold days. The El Niño phenomenon—the warming of water in the Pacific Ocean—also adds to rising temperatures. During the later stages of 4 El Niño event, global temperatures usually rise, making global warming 5 (bad) and causing more extreme weather. A l°C rise in temperature has a strong influence on nature. Sea levels may rise by 2.3 meters over time, threatening coastal areas. Warmer temperatures also harm wild crops and bring more pests. Some animals and plants may die out 6 they cannot adapt (适应) quickly enough. 7 (ill) related to heat, like heatstroke (中暑) and heat exhaustion (热衰竭), are becoming more common. Longer heat waves lead to higher death rates, showing the need for better healthcare and measures to prevent harm. The year 2025 seems to continue with higher-than-normal temperatures. 8 New Year’s Day, temperatures in areas south of the Yangtze River were over 15°C, far from the cold 9 (usual) expected in winter. 10 (deal) with these problems, experts suggest developing technology to track and predict extreme weather, like heat waves, to reduce risks and improve preparedness. 【答案】 1. official 2. has caused 3. including 4. an 5. worse 6. if 7. Illnesses 8. On 9. usually 10. To deal 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了2024年成为自1961年以来最热的一年，全球变暖是导致中国气温高于正常水平的主要原因，并详细说明了全球变暖带来的各种影响和应对措施。 1. 句意：根据官方记录，去年的平均气温达到了10.92°C，比通常的平均气温高出1.03°C。结合“records”可知，这样要填一个形容词，作定语，office的名词是official“官方的”。故填official。 2. 句意：到目前为止，它已经导致了海平面上升、冰川融化和更极端的天气，包括更长的热浪和更少的寒冷天气。结合“So far”可知，这里的时态是现在完成时，其结构为has/have+done，且主语it是第三人称单数，所以助动词要用has。故填has caused。 3. 句意：到目前为止，它已经导致了海平面上升、冰川融化和更极端的天气，包括更长的热浪和更少的寒冷天气。结合“...longer heat waves and fewer cold days.”可知，这里要填一个介词来引导一个补充说明的成分，表示包括的内容。故填including。 4. 句意：在一个厄尔尼诺事件的后期，全球气温通常会上升，使全球变暖更加严重，并导致更多极端天气。结合“El Niño event”表泛指单数，该处要填一个不定冠词，由于“El Niño”以元音音素开头，故用“an”。故填an。 5. 句意：在一个厄尔尼诺事件的后期，全球气温通常会上升，使全球变暖更加严重，并导致更多极端天气。结合“and causing more extreme weather.”可知，设空处需要一个形容词的比较级形式，bad的比较级是worse。故填worse。 6. 句意：如果它们不能足够快地适应，一些动植物可能会灭绝。结合语境可知，设空处需要一个连词来引导一个条件状语从句，表示“如果”。故填if。 7. 句意：与热有关的疾病，如中暑和热衰竭，正变得越来越常见。结合“like heatstroke (中暑) and heat exhaustion (热衰竭)”可知，这里是指一些疾病，所以该空要填illness的复数形式，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Illnesses。 8. 句意：在新年当天，长江以南地区的温度超过了15°C，与冬季通常预期的寒冷天气大相径庭。结合“New Year’s Day”可知，这里是指具体的某一天，所以要用介词“on”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填On。 9. 句意：在新年当天，长江以南地区的温度超过了15°C，与冬季通常预期的寒冷天气大相径庭。usual“通常的”，结合“expected”可知，这里要填一个副词修饰非谓语动词。故填usually。 10. 句意：为了处理这些问题，专家建议开发技术来跟踪和预测极端天气，如热浪，以降低风险并提高准备程度。deal“处理”，结合“...with these problems”可知，这里是指为了处理这些问题，所以该空要填一个不定式来表示目的，位于句首，首字母大写。故填To deal。 Passage 2 （2023·浙江湖州·三模）阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 One morning a young man was walking along the beach. He saw a boy far away 1 (pick) up something and very gently throwing it into the sea. So the young man quickly ran towards 2 (he), he was surprised to find that the boy was picking up the starfishes which 3 (wash) by the tide(潮汐) and throwing them back into the sea. “Excuse me, why are you throwing the starfishes back into the sea?” He asked. The boy 4 (reply), “Sir, you see the sun is up and the tide is going out. 5 I don’t throw them in, they will die.” “But don’t you think it is a waste of your time as there are miles and miles of beach and a number of starfishes still lying along it? 6 fact, you can’t keep this act all day long. You can’t probably make a difference!” 7 boy just smiled, picked another starfish, threw it into the sea and said, “Now it made a difference for that one. Would you like 8 (join) me? It would make a difference.” There 9 (be) something very special in every one of us. We must each find our own starfish. And if we throw our starfish 10 (wise) and well, the world will be better. We have been given the ability to make a difference to shape the future. 【答案】 1. picking 2. him 3. were washed 4. replied 5. If 6. In 7. The 8. to join 9. is 10. wisely 【导语】本文主要通过男孩捡海星的故事告诉我们：每个人都被赋予了改变未来的能力。 1. 句意：他看到远处有个男孩捡起什么东西，轻轻地扔到海里。see sb doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”。故填picking。 2. 句意：于是年轻人迅速向他跑去。空前的towards为介词，故此空用人称代词he的宾格him。故填him。 3. 句意：他惊讶地发现男孩正在捡起被潮水冲走的海星，并把它们扔回海里。根据“which…(wash) by the tide”可知，海星是被潮汐冲走的，故此处是被动语态be done。根据“was”可知，句子是一般过去时，the starfishes为复数，be动词用were。故填were washed。 4. 句意：男孩回复说。根据“One morning a young man was walking along the beach.”可知，句子是一般过去时态，故动词用其过去式。故填replied。 5. 句意：如果我不把它们扔进去，它们就会死。根据“…I don’t throw them in, they will die.”可知，此处是if引导的条件状语从句，句首单词首字母要大写。故填If。 6. 句意：事实上，你不能整天都这样。in fact“事实上”，句首单词首字母要大写。故填If。 7. 句意：男孩只是笑了笑，捡起另一只海星，扔到海里说。此处特指“扔海星的男孩”，应该用定冠词the。故填the。 8. 句意：你想要加入我吗？would like to do sth.“想要做某事”。故填to join。 9. 句意：我们每个人身上都有一些特别的东西。分析语境可知，此处是一般现在时，根据“something”可知，be动词用is。故填is。 10. 句意：如果我们明智地把海星扔出去，世界就会变得更好。此空修饰动词throw，应该用wise的副词wisely“明智地”。故填wisely。 ( 乐思英语 ) 7 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ ( 单元核心语法·精练 ) Unit 6 TV programmes （语法if, unless引导的条件状语从句） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、if 与 unless 引导的条件状语从句基本用法 if（如果）和 unless（除非）均用于引导条件状语从句，其中 if 表 “肯定条件”（条件成立则主句动作发生），unless 表 “否定条件”（相当于 “if not”，即排除例外情况时主句动作才发生）。 连词 含义 核心含义 例句 if 肯定条件 如果……（满足条件，主句动作发生） If it rains tomorrow（条件）, we will stay at home（结果）.（如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。） unless 否定条件 除非……（不满足条件 / 排除例外，主句动作发生） We will go hiking unless it rains（例外情况）.（我们会去徒步旅行，除非下雨。）= We will go hiking if it does not rain. 注意事项： 1. unless 引导的从句需用肯定形式，不可说 “unless it doesn’t rain”，应改为 “unless it rains”。 2. 当主句强调 “不发生” 时，unless 比 if not 语气更强，更强调 “例外情况的唯一性”，如 “You won’t pass unless you study hard.”（你不会及格，除非努力学习。） 二、条件状语从句的时态呼应规则 条件状语从句的时态需遵循 “主将从现” 原则，即主句为将来时（或含情态动词）时，从句用现在时表将来；其他时态组合需根据语境判断。 主句时态 从句时态 适用场景 例句 一般将来时（will do） 一般现在时（do/does） 表将来可能发生的条件与结果 If she comes（现在时）, I will tell her（将来时）.（如果她来，我会告诉她。） 含情态动词（can/may/must 等） 一般现在时 表可能性或必要性 Unless you hurry（现在时）, you may miss the bus（情态动词）.（除非你快点，否则可能错过公交车。） 祈使句 一般现在时 表指令或建议 If you see Tom（现在时）, tell him to call me（祈使句）.（见到汤姆，让他给我打电话。） 一般现在时 一般现在时 表客观真理或习惯 If water boils（现在时）, it turns into steam（现在时）.（水沸腾时会变成蒸汽。） 注意事项： 1. “主将从现” 中的 “将来时” 包括一般将来时（will）、过去将来时（would）等，如 “He said he would help if I needed it.”（他说如果我需要，他会帮忙。） 2. 不可在条件从句中用将来时，如错误表达 “If it will rain, we will stay.”，正确应为 “If it rains, we will stay.” 三、if 与 unless 的转换及易错点 if 与 unless 可通过 “否定转换” 互换，但需注意句子逻辑和结构的一致性，避免常见错误。 转换规则 示例（肯定句） 转换句（否定句） unless + 肯定句 = if + 否定句 We will go unless it rains. We will go if it does not rain. if + 否定句 = unless + 肯定句 You will fail if you don’t try. You will fail unless you try. 常见易错点： 1. 混淆 if 与 whether：if 表 “如果”（条件），whether 表 “是否”（疑问），如 “I don’t know if/whether he will come.”（表疑问，可用 if 或 whether）；“If he comes, I will be happy.”（表条件，只能用 if）。 2. 冗余使用连词：不可同时用两个条件连词，如错误表达 “Unless you don’t try, you will succeed.”，正确应为 “Unless you try, you won’t succeed.”（除非努力，否则不会成功。） 3. 忽略主从句逻辑：当主句为否定时，需确保转换后逻辑一致，如 “Unless you study, you won’t pass.”（正确）不可转换为 “If you study, you won’t pass.”（逻辑错误）。 注意事项： 在 “祈使句 + or + 陈述句” 结构中，or 可替换为 “if not”，如 “Hurry up, or you’ll be late.” = “Hurry up, if you don’t, you’ll be late.”（快点，否则你会迟到。） 一、单项选择 1．（2025·江苏扬州·二模）It’s 8 o’clock now! ________ you have the proper excuse, your teacher must be angry with you. A．Since B．After C．Unless D．Because 2．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）—_________ some extra money is found, the library will be closed. —Don’t worry. The government is giving a hand. A．Although B．Since C．While D．Unless 3．（2025·江苏扬州·二模）—I’ll go to the concert with you ________ I finish my homework. —Deal! A．unless B．if C．until D．though 4．（2025·江苏南京·二模）________ we have spare time, we can exercise outdoors and enjoy nature. A．If B．Until C．Before D．Though 5．（2025·江苏徐州·三模）Please raise your hand ________ you agree with us. A．unless B．if C．although D．before 6．（2025·江苏徐州·模拟预测）You can hardly imagine how amazing the book The House on Mango Street is ________ you read it yourself. A．unless B．when C．because D．since 7．（2025·江苏连云港·二模）________ you eat breakfast every morning, you won’t have enough energy for the whole day. A．Unless B．Since C．Until D．Though 8．（2025·江苏无锡·二模）Miss Xu goes jogging in Xihui Park every morning ______ it rains. A．unless B．till C．since D．as 9．（2025·江苏南京·三模）—It’s reported that the plastic pollution is seriously harming the global oceans. —Yes, and I think it will be worse ________ stronger laws are made. A．since B．if C．after D．unless 10．（2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测）—Does your brother have any hobbies? —No, ________ you think watching short videos is a hobby. A．if B．unless C．until D．though 11．（2025·江苏徐州·二模）You should go home now ________ you do not want to be caught in the rain. A．if B．so C．unless D．although 12．（2025·江苏无锡·二模）The chairperson warned that we ________ achieve our dreams if we didn’t work hard. A．will B．won’t C．would D．wouldn’t 13．（2025·江苏无锡·二模）—Can I have another ice cream? —Jack, you may have a toothache ________ you eat too much sweet food. A．if B．though C．unless D．until 14．（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）—Listen! Mary is singing in the classroom. She has a very good voice. —Yes, I am sure she’ll get a good place ________ she takes part in the singing competition. A．if B．before C．though D．unless 15．（2025·江苏连云港·模拟预测）You will know more about its culture ________ you go around Lianyungang. A．if B．because C．though D．unless 二、单句语法填空 1. （2022·江苏泰州·模拟预测）They say the place may be polluted if some factories (build) in the future. 2. （2024·上海静安·二模）Unless you practice more, you won’t in winning the game. (success) 3. （2022·江苏无锡·二模）My boss won’t allow me to have two days off unless my work (complete) tomorrow. 4. （2023·江苏无锡·二模）The football match (not cancel) unless it rains heavily next Saturday. 5. （2024·江苏无锡·二模）Billy has decided not to share his report unless he (ask) to. 6. （2024·江苏无锡·三模）Your personal information (steal) easily unless you are careful on the Internet. 7. （2022·江苏无锡·一模）Dad says we will go camping this weekend if it （not be）rainy. 8. （2023·江苏淮安·一模）—Mum, could I play football with my friends this afternoon? —Of course, if your homework (finish). 9. （2022·吉林白山·二模）You will achieve your dream you put your heart into it. 10. （2022·江苏南通·模拟预测）I don’t think this hall is big enough for your party you invite so many people. 11. （2021·江苏·一模）— We will succeed in the end we give up halfway. —Exactly. Let’s try to make it. 12. （2021·江苏苏州·二模）–—According to the present situation, nothing will change for the better between the two countries. —Yes, the two countries can reach an agreement. 13. （2023·江苏南通·一模）It is hardly possible for one man to achieve success he works hard. 14. （2025·江苏无锡·一模）You won’t get paid for time off you have a doctor’s note. 15. （2021·江苏常州·一模）—I think our country has done well in fighting with COVID-19. —I agree. The spread of COVID-19 can be prevented if right steps   (take). 三、选词填空 Passage 1 （2025·湖北十堰·三模）阅读短文，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意义完整。每空仅填一词，每词仅用一次。 greet dish follow seat eat usual important if sit to Chinese food is very famous in the world. Chinese people think food is one of the most 1 things during our life. We do not 2 each other with “How are you?” but we ask, “Have you 3 ?” Since table manners are part of Chinese cooking culture, Chinese people still 4 table manners today. There is a(n) 5 for the “guest of honor” or the oldest person in the family. In most parts of China, the “seat of honor” is 6 the one facing the front door of the room. The “seat of honor” can also be the one in the middle facing east of the room 7 there is no seat facing the door. As for the host, he or she may take the most convenient seat. It is always the closest 8 the kitchen or service door. It is better to sit after the elder or the “guest of honor” 9 down. Guests should wait for the host to invite them to get seated. Chinese people like having meals together and they put all the 10 on a round table. There is sometimes a round rotating disc (旋转盘) in the center of the dining table. It makes sure that all the diners can enjoy the meal and feel respected. Passage 2 （2024·甘肃兰州·一模）阅读下面的短文，用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，使文意通顺、结构正确。（每个单词限用一次） certainly  taxi  wallet  half  understanding  trust  themselves  unless  upset  teenager It’s normal for teenagers to make some mistakes 1 they are very careful. If they make mistakes, don’t be 2 or angry. Here’s some advice that experts give them. First, don’t keep the mistakes to 3 . Teenagers can talk to a person who they 4 . Parents and teachers are 5 and have more experience. 6 can ask them for help. Sharing a problem is like cutting it in 7 . The second step is to find a way to solve the problem. For example, Ben left his 8 on a taxi when he is traveling halfway. He can call the 9 agent first. If he knows the driver’s number, he can call the driver 10 . There is also something else he can do by himself. Passage 3 （2024·江西南昌·一模）请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写到答题卡的相应位置。每个词限用一次。 long  unless  stay    probably    member  turns they  closest agree  spirit  true Some friends come into our lives for just a short time. Others come and 1 forever. Think about your best friends. How long have you known each other? Some people say that their family 2 are their best friends. Others say they have known their 3 friends for many years. And some great friends haven’t known each other for a(n) 4 time, but knew right away that there was a connection between them. Could it be that there is a twin 5 out there for each of us? What 6 a stranger into a friend? Do you know right away if you are going to like someone? Some people think that any stranger can’t become a friend 7 they spend enough time together. That may be 8 for some people. But one thing that we all 9 —true friendships seem to happen when people have something in common. We 10 see a part of ourselves in our friends. Maybe seeing the good in 11 helps us to see the good in us as well. Passage 4 （2025·山东泰安·模拟预测）根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、完整，每词限用一次。 with   fun  effect   if  day  late  choose  mean  a  finish For students with a scientific-thinking mind, reading can be both a challenge and a rewarding experience. Here are some tips on how to read 1 . First, understand your purpose. Are you reading for knowledge, 2 or to prepare for an exam? Once you know your goal, you can choose the right materials. For example, if you want to gain scientific knowledge, science magazines or textbooks are good 3 . Second, develop a reading plan. Since you may be busy with science courses, setting aside (留出) specific time for reading is necessary. Decide how many pages you will read 4 and stick to your plan. This will help you form 5 good reading habit. Vocabulary is important. 6 you come across new words, don’t stop immediately to look them up. Try to guess their 7 from the context first. Then, after 8 the reading, you can check the dictionary and write down the words for future review. Furthermore, take notes. For scientific readings, note -taking can help you remember important points. You can write down key ideas, or any questions that come to your mind. This will not only improve your understanding but also be useful for 9 revision. Finally, discuss what you’ve read with others. Sharing your thoughts and ideas 10 classmates or teachers can give you different views. They may point out something you’ve missed or offer a new way of thinking. Through discussion, you can improve your understanding of the reading material. In conclusion, by following these tips, students with a scientific-thinking mind can make the most of their reading time and enrich their knowledge and understanding. 四、语法填空 Passage 1 （24-25九年级下·广东深圳·开学考试） Data shows that 2024 was the hottest year since 1961. The average temperature in the country reached 10.92°C last year, which is 1.03°C higher than the usual average, according to 1 (office) records. Global warming is the main reason for China’s higher-than-normal temperatures. So far, it 2 (cause) rising sea levels, melting glaciers, and more extreme weather, 3 (include) longer heat waves and fewer cold days. The El Niño phenomenon—the warming of water in the Pacific Ocean—also adds to rising temperatures. During the later stages of 4 El Niño event, global temperatures usually rise, making global warming 5 (bad) and causing more extreme weather. A l°C rise in temperature has a strong influence on nature. Sea levels may rise by 2.3 meters over time, threatening coastal areas. Warmer temperatures also harm wild crops and bring more pests. Some animals and plants may die out 6 they cannot adapt (适应) quickly enough. 7 (ill) related to heat, like heatstroke (中暑) and heat exhaustion (热衰竭), are becoming more common. Longer heat waves lead to higher death rates, showing the need for better healthcare and measures to prevent harm. The year 2025 seems to continue with higher-than-normal temperatures. 8 New Year’s Day, temperatures in areas south of the Yangtze River were over 15°C, far from the cold 9 (usual) expected in winter. 10 (deal) with these problems, experts suggest developing technology to track and predict extreme weather, like heat waves, to reduce risks and improve preparedness. Passage 2 （2023·浙江湖州·三模）阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 One morning a young man was walking along the beach. He saw a boy far away 1 (pick) up something and very gently throwing it into the sea. So the young man quickly ran towards 2 (he), he was surprised to find that the boy was picking up the starfishes which 3 (wash) by the tide(潮汐) and throwing them back into the sea. “Excuse me, why are you throwing the starfishes back into the sea?” He asked. The boy 4 (reply), “Sir, you see the sun is up and the tide is going out. 5 I don’t throw them in, they will die.” “But don’t you think it is a waste of your time as there are miles and miles of beach and a number of starfishes still lying along it? 6 fact, you can’t keep this act all day long. You can’t probably make a difference!” 7 boy just smiled, picked another starfish, threw it into the sea and said, “Now it made a difference for that one. Would you like 8 (join) me? It would make a difference.” There 9 (be) something very special in every one of us. We must each find our own starfish. And if we throw our starfish 10 (wise) and well, the world will be better. We have been given the ability to make a difference to shape the future. ( 乐思英语 ) 5 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$