精品解析：山东省日照市东港区2024-2025学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试卷

义务教育学校2025年春季学期学生发展质量监测八年级英语试题 （时间：100分钟 满分：90分） 第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共45分） 一、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My day began when I saw my six-year-old son Nick doing something in the garden by my azalea bush (杜鹃花丛). By the time I got ___1___, I found he’d broken it! It was my favorite! “Can I take this to school?” he asked, smiling. Though a bit unhappy, I nodded (点头). Then I turned back to the broken bush and ___2___ it as if to say silently, “I’m sorry.” Later I pruned (修剪) it with great care. The rest of the day, I was busy doing endless housework. Time passed by fast ___3___ I found it was already 3:00. Leaving the clothes in the washing machine, I hurriedly got to school to ___4___ Nick. When I got there, the teacher told me she wanted to talk about Nick. What now? I thought. I had prepared myself for the worst, ___5___ the teacher’s words greatly surprised me. “Did you know Nick brought ___6___ to school today?” she asked. I nodded, thinking about my favorite bush. “See that little girl?” the teacher ___7___. I saw a bright-eyed child busily drawing a picture with crayons. I ___8___ again. “Well, her parents are separated and she has been ___9___ these days. I did all I could to comfort (安慰) her, but nothing _____10_____. This morning I watched your son walk over to _____11_____ with some pretty pink flowers and say, ‘This is for you’.” I felt my heart full of _____12_____ for what my son had done. Holding Nick’s hand, I said, “Thank you, you’ve _____13_____ me so happy today.” I was warmed by the _____14_____ Nick showed to the little girl and I made up my mind to pass it on. Later that evening when my husband came back home from a tiring workday, I picked some pink azaleas and _____15_____ them to him. “This is for you,” I said. 1. A. out B. off C. up D. on 2. A. dropped B. pulled C. touched D. kicked 3. A. after B. while C. before D. once 4. A. get up B. look for C. care for D. pick up 5. A. and B. as C. or D. but 6. A. clothes B. pictures C. crayons D. flowers 7. A. laughed B. continued C. doubted D. shouted 8. A. nodded B. turned C. smiled D. thought 9. A. sad B. tired C. bored D. angry 10. A. lasted B. appeared C. came D. worked 11. A. him B. her C. them D. you 12. A. trust B. courage C. interest D. joy 13. A. recorded B. made C. missed D. stolen 14. A. kindness B. magic C. value D. humor 15. A. threw B. lent C. handed D. sent 二、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） A WATER SAFETY FOR ALL Genson DPE teaches life-saving skills FOR ALL. Join us in July for Family Water Safety Education and our yearly Safety Around Water Program. Family Water Safety Education Time: 5:30~7:30 p. m. FREE for DPE members Monday, July 8: Reach or Throw, Don’t Go Community: $10 a day for a family Wednesday, July 10: Life Jackets and Boating Friday, July 12: Open Swim Parent MUST be in the pool! Sunday, July 14: Celebration! Safety Around Water Program Time: 4:45~5:15 p. m. For children aged 11~14 5:30~6:00 p. m. REGISTER NOW 6:15~6:45 p. m. GensonDPE. com July 22~25, 2024 Contact: Andy Markham Email: andy@gensondpe.com ※ Notes: 1. register (登记) 2. contact (联系) 16. When is the Celebration? A On Sunday. B. On Monday. C. On Wednesday. D. On Friday. 17. At what age can a child join in Safety Around Water Program? A. 6. B. 8. C. 10. D. 12. 18. What can we learn about Genson DPE? A. It keeps open all year round. B. It teaches life-saving skills. C. It provides free programs for all. D. It has two programs every day. B There was a very mean man named Mr. Black who lived on the sixth floor of an apartment building. He was so impolite to his neighbors that no one even knew his first name was Adam. He never said hello to anyone, and he left his rubbish out in the hallway. He always complained (抱怨) about all his neighbors and the noise they made. He even got upset when the couple who lived next door to him, Cathy and David, had a baby. Instead of saying congratulations (祝贺), he loudly complained about how the baby would surely cry all night. One day when he was leaving his apartment, Mr. Black saw that his rubbish was gone. In its place, he found a note from David, “Good morning, Mr. Black. I saw your rubbish here, and since I was on my way out, I picked it up for you. I wanted to save you a trip. Have a nice day, David.” However, Mr. Black decided to ignore this act of kindness. He began thinking about the terrible traffic he would surely have to deal with on his way to work. But as time went on, Mr. Black started to feel a little silly. No matter how impolite he was, the couple always smiled at him and politely said hello. It became harder and harder for him not to simply say hello back. After a few weeks, Mr. Black was always happy to see the couple in the hall. They even started calling him Adam. Later on, they invited Mr. Black into their apartment for a cup of coffee. Mr. Black was very glad that they treated (对待) him nicely. He was so upset about it that he had been impolite to everyone he knew. He realized (认识到) that he should try to do the same with the people he met. 19. Which word can best describe Mr. Black according to Paragraph 1? A. Serious. B. Unfriendly. C. Strict. D. Lonely. 20. Who took out the rubbish for Mr. Black? A. Adam. B. Cathy. C. David. D. A cleaner. 21. What does the underlined word “ignore” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. take no notice of B. say thanks to C. stick to D. care about 22. What did Mr. Black realize finally? A. He should say sorry to his neighbors in the building. B. He should learn to be kind like his neighbors. C. He should thank all the people who ever helped him. D. He should move to a new apartment to make friends. C In much of Africa, whenever kids are in the forest, they are careful of the sound of laughter. It might be the first sign of a dangerous animal called the hyena (鬣狗). I live in Zimbabwe. I heard a story about two brothers who once spent a night in a tree with hyenas waiting below. Some hyenas attacked (袭击) their family’s cows. The boys knew that the hyenas would run away from moving or flashing (闪烁) lights. They used a flashlight to chase away (赶走) the hyenas. Adults tell them not to follow hyenas into the forest. Hyenas sometimes attack and even kill people. But the boys did not listen. Then their flashlight died. In a minute, the hyenas turned and ran after the brothers. The boys tried to climb into a tree. They didn’t get down until the hyenas lost interest and left. Hyenas used to eat wild animals in the forest. But as people burn down forest land for farming and some people kill wild animals, hyenas find food with much more difficulty than before. Hyenas begin to run to the villages. “Hyenas make nighttime a scary time for us,” said Amon Chengeta. Villagers often hear hyenas laughing at night. Many villagers have lost cows or goats. Some people have even lost their lives. “We used to have healthy forests with many different animals, and hyenas hardly ever bothered (使烦恼) us.” said Mr. Chengeta. “The hyena attacks are probably telling us to change the way we use our environment.” 23. How did the two boys chase away the hyenas? A With fire. B. With a flashlight. C. With noisy sounds. D. With water. 24. Why do hyenas begin to run to the villages according to Mr. Chengeta? A. Because they want to scare people. B. Because people want to kill them. C. Because they can’t find animals to eat in the forest. D. Because they like to eat the cows and goats in the villages. 25. What does Mr. Chengeta suggest people should do to solve the hyena problem? A. Kill all the hyenas to protect the villages. B. Stop farming and leave the forest untouched. C. Change how they use the environment. D. Move to another place far away from the forest. 26. Which may be Mr. Chengeta’s attitude (态度) towards hyenas’ running to the villages? A Scared. B. Surprised. C. Glad. D. Angry. D So far, China has successfully sent a large number of satellites (卫星) and spaceships into space. Space scientists have been greatly inspired (赋予灵感) by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names. Since thousands of years ago, Chinese people have dreamed of going to the moon. Chang’e Flies to the Moon is one of the most popular stories. As you can see, China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e-Ⅰ. More interestingly, the moon rover (巡视器) was named after the Jade Rabbit, who is the partner of Chang’e in the story. These old stories carry people’s best wishes and dreams. With the development of science and technology, our scientists have made them come true. Kua Fu Runs After the Sun is another story to show how much ancient Chinese people wanted to know about the unknown world. Now, Kua Fu is going with the scientists to “visit” the sun, because we have a space project called Kua Fu Mission. Besides the ancient stories, space scientists also get ideas from ancient famous people. For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist, discovered that light travels in a straight line over 2,000 years ago. His discovery made space study take a big step at that time. So, China’s first quantum (量子) science satellite was named Mozi, making China the first country in the world to achieve quantum communication between satellites and the ground. From such simple things as giving names to satellites, we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology. 27. In China, space scientists get ideas from _______ when naming satellites. ①old stories ②traditional projects ③ancient famous people ④ popular inventions A ①② B. ①③ C. ②④ D. ③④ 28. What do we know about Chang’e Ⅰ according to the passage? A. It moves around the moon. B. It protects the Jade Rabbit. C. It “visits” the sun with the scientists. D. It is the world’s first man-made satellite. 29. Which is the right structure of the passage? （①= Paragraph 1 ②= Paragraph 2, ...） A. B. C. D. 30. What’s the writer’s main purpose (目的) of writing the passage? A. To spread (传播) the traditional Chinese culture. B. To explain how our scientists develop the space industry. C. To introduce the achievements in our science and technology. D. To tell how traditional Chinese culture influences our space science. 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题 共45分） 三、词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 根据首字母或汉语提示，在答题卡上写出下列句子中单词的完全形式。 31. The restaurant p_______ the best service for its customers so that many people enjoy eating there. 32. Prices of fresh fruits and vegetables have r_______ greatly due to the recent bad weather. 33. The teacher spoke highly of him because he has made great p_______ in science. 34. I went to the nursing home and worked as a v_______ there last Saturday. 35. The dancer felt a bit n________ in her first performance. 36. Everyone in our class took an active part in the school sports meeting, ________ (包括) the new classmate. 37. Our school is just _______ (在……对面) the beautiful park. 38. Our school is nice and beautiful, _______ (尤其) in spring and autumn. 39. At Easter, people usually _______ (藏起) all the eggs in the garden for the kids to find. 40. The police often have to make quick _______ (决定) on how to act. 四、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式（每空不多于3个单词）。 Matt is a primary school student who loves playing with little animals. One day, when he was on ____41____ (he) way to school, he saw a homeless cat sitting in a box. It was a black-and-white cat with bright eyes. The cat was so cute that Matt couldn’t help ____42____ (play) with it. The longer Matt played with ____43____ cat, the more he liked it. The little cat followed him as he left for school. Matt then decided ____44____ (take) the cat to school with him. He put the cat in his schoolbag ____45____ went to school happily. After Matt entered the class, he told some ____46____ (classmate) about the cat. As he opened the schoolbag to show them the cat, it suddenly jumped out and ____47____ (start) running around the classroom. It even jumped onto the teacher’s desk! Everyone in class was ____48____ (excited) than ever before. Just at that time, the teacher came in and caught the cat ____49____ (quick). Matt felt embarrassed and his face turned red. To Matt’s surprise, the teacher came up to him ____50____ a smile, saying, “Matt, it’s nice of you to lend a helping hand to homeless animals, but you are not allowed to take it to school.” 五、阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，回答短文后面的各个小题。 “On the very first day of 2024, I saw the snows of Kilimanjaro (乞力马扎罗山),” said Xu Zhuoyuan, a 17-year-old mountain climber from Hunan. Xu climbed the tallest peak (山峰) in Africa on January 1st. She even stood on the top of Mount Qomolangma last May, making her the youngest Chinese girl to climb to the world’s highest peak from the southern slope. Xu’s mountaineering journey began on a family trip to Xizang and Sichuan four years ago. Passing by Mount Siguniang in Sichuan, she felt surprised at its beauty and decided to try climbing it. She fell in love with mountaineering right then and there. For the next few years, Xu did hard training. She went to the mountains in Yunnan and Sichuan every month, climbing peaks over 5,000 meters and doing daily physical exercises like running, swimming and rope skipping. All the hard work got her ready for the big challenges she would face on Kilimanjaro. Above 4,000 meters on Mount Kilimanjaro, the climate (气候) is similar to a desert, with big temperature differences. Xu spent seven days on the whole climb. During those days, she faced bad weather such as rain and strong winds. Staying warm and avoiding heat loss were the main challenges. She had to keep an eye on the temperature and change her clothes when the temperature changed. Looking ahead, Xu has set great goals for herself. She plans to climb the highest peak on each of the seven continents (洲) by the time she’s 18. 51 When did Xu fall in love with mountaineering? _______________________________________________________________________________ 52. What physical exercises did Xu do before climbing Kilimanjaro? _______________________________________________________________________________ 53. What were the main challenges for Xu when climbing Kilimanjaro? _______________________________________________________________________________ 54. What does Xu plan to do by the time she’s 18? _______________________________________________________________________________ 55. What do you think of Xu Zhuoyuan? _______________________________________________________________________________ 六、写作（满分15分） 56. 假设你是李华，你的外国笔友Tom想要了解更多的中国文化，请从以下选项中选择一个向他推荐： A. 中国传统节日（如春节、端午节等） B. 中国传说故事（如嫦娥奔月、愚公移山等） 写作要求： 1. 选择并推荐一个项目；说明推荐理由。 2. 词数：90词左右；开头已经给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Tom, I’m glad you’re interested in learning more about Chinese culture. I want to tell you about _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 义务教育学校2025年春季学期学生发展质量监测八年级英语试题 （时间：100分钟 满分：90分） 第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共45分） 一、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My day began when I saw my six-year-old son Nick doing something in the garden by my azalea bush (杜鹃花丛). By the time I got ___1___, I found he’d broken it! It was my favorite! “Can I take this to school?” he asked, smiling. Though a bit unhappy, I nodded (点头). Then I turned back to the broken bush and ___2___ it as if to say silently, “I’m sorry.” Later I pruned (修剪) it with great care. The rest of the day, I was busy doing endless housework. Time passed by fast ___3___ I found it was already 3:00. Leaving the clothes in the washing machine, I hurriedly got to school to ___4___ Nick. When I got there, the teacher told me she wanted to talk about Nick. What now? I thought. I had prepared myself for the worst, ___5___ the teacher’s words greatly surprised me. “Did you know Nick brought ___6___ to school today?” she asked. I nodded, thinking about my favorite bush. “See that little girl?” the teacher ___7___. I saw a bright-eyed child busily drawing a picture with crayons. I ___8___ again. “Well, her parents are separated and she has been ___9___ these days. I did all I could to comfort (安慰) her, but nothing _____10_____. This morning I watched your son walk over to _____11_____ with some pretty pink flowers and say, ‘This is for you’.” I felt my heart full of _____12_____ for what my son had done. Holding Nick’s hand, I said, “Thank you, you’ve _____13_____ me so happy today.” I was warmed by the _____14_____ Nick showed to the little girl and I made up my mind to pass it on. Later that evening when my husband came back home from a tiring workday, I picked some pink azaleas and _____15_____ them to him. “This is for you,” I said. 1. A. out B. off C. up D. on 2. A. dropped B. pulled C. touched D. kicked 3. A. after B. while C. before D. once 4. A. get up B. look for C. care for D. pick up 5. A. and B. as C. or D. but 6. A. clothes B. pictures C. crayons D. flowers 7. A. laughed B. continued C. doubted D. shouted 8. A. nodded B. turned C. smiled D. thought 9. A. sad B. tired C. bored D. angry 10. A. lasted B. appeared C. came D. worked 11. A. him B. her C. them D. you 12. A. trust B. courage C. interest D. joy 13. A. recorded B. made C. missed D. stolen 14. A. kindness B. magic C. value D. humor 15. A. threw B. lent C. handed D. sent 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C 4. D 5. D 6. D 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. D 11. B 12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述母亲从发现儿子折断自己心爱的杜鹃花，到了解儿子将花枝送给伤心同学的暖心故事，展现了孩子的善良以及这种善意带来的影响。 【1题详解】 句意：等我出来时，发现他把它折断了！ out出去；off离开；up向上；on在……上。根据上文“I saw my six-year-old son Nick doing something in the garden”可知，作者从室内看到儿子在花园，所以此处是指作者从室内出来查看儿子在做什么；考查get out“出去”，动词短语。故选A。 【2题详解】 句意：然后我转向折断的花丛，摸了摸它，仿佛在默默说：“对不起。” dropped掉落；pulled拉扯；touched触摸；kicked踢。根据下文“I’m sorry.”可知，作者对花丛感到抱歉，动作应该是轻柔的，“touched”最贴切。故选C。 【3题详解】 句意：时间过得很快，我发现已经3点了。 after在……之后；while当……的时候；before在……之前；once一旦。根据“Time passed by fast … I found it was already 3:00.”可知，此处是指在意识到时间到了3点之前，时间已经快速流逝，即不知不觉中时间就过去了，应用before引导时间状语从句。故选C。 【4题详解】 句意：我把衣服留在洗衣机里，匆忙去学校接Nick。 get up起床；look for寻找；care for照顾；pick up接人。根据语境可知，儿子上学去了，到了放学时间，此处是指作者去学校接儿子放学。故选D。 【5题详解】 句意：我做好了最坏准备，但老师的话让我很惊讶。 and和；as因为；or或者；but但是。分析句子结构可知，作者以为是最坏情况，但老师的话让人意外，前后是转折关系，应用but连接句子。故选D。 【6题详解】 句意：“你知道Nick今天带花来学校了吗？”她问。 clothes衣服；pictures画；crayons蜡笔；flowers花。根据上文“Nick doing something in the garden by my azalea bush”和“Can I take this to school?”可知，儿子把折断的杜鹃花带到了学校，所以此处是指Nick带花到学校了。故选D。 【7题详解】 句意：“看到那个小女孩了吗？”老师继续说。 laughed大笑；continued继续；doubted怀疑；shouted大喊。根据语境可知，此处是老师正在叙述发生的事情，老师先提问，再接着让作者看女孩，需用“continued”。故选B。 【8题详解】 句意：我又点了点头。 nodded点头；turned转身；smiled微笑；thought思考。根据上文“I nodded,”可知，此处是指作者再次点头，表示看到了那个小女孩。故选A。 【9题详解】 句意：她的父母分居了，这些天她一直很伤心。 sad伤心的；tired疲惫的；bored无聊的；angry愤怒的。根据上文“her parents are separated”可知，父母分居了，所以此处是指她很伤心。故选A。 10题详解】 句意：我尽全力安慰她，但没什么用。 lasted持续；appeared出现；came来；worked奏效，成功。根据“but nothing”可知，此处是指老师的安慰不起作用；考查nothing worked“无济于事”，固定搭配。故选D。 【11题详解】 句意：今天早上我看到你儿子拿着一些漂亮的粉红色花走过去对她说：“这是给你的。” him他；her她；them他们；you你。根据上文“that little girl”可知，此处是指作者的儿子Nick走向她并送花，应用her指代上文提到的“little girl”。故选B。 【12题详解】 句意：看到儿子所做的一切，我心中充满了喜悦。 trust信任；courage勇气；interest兴趣；joy喜悦。根据下文“what my son had done”可知，此处是指母亲得知儿子的善举后内心感到喜悦。故选D。 【13题详解】 句意：谢谢你，你让我今天很开心。 recorded记录；made使变得；missed错过；stolen偷。根据“me so happy”可知，此处是儿子的善举让作者很开心；考查make sb. adj.“使某人……”，固定搭配。故选B。 【14题详解】 句意：Nick对小女孩的善意让我很温暖，我决定把这份善意传递下去。 kindness善意；magic魔法；value价值；humor幽默。根据上文“This morning I watched your son walk over to … with some pretty pink flowers and say, ‘This is for you’.”可知，Nick送花给伤心同学的行为是一种善意，因此这里是指儿子的善意让作者很温暖。故选A。 【15题详解】 句意：那天晚上晚些时候，当丈夫结束疲惫的工作回到家时，我摘了一些粉红色的杜鹃花递给了他。 threw扔弃；lent借给；handed递给；sent寄出。根据“picked some pink azaleas and … them to him”可知，此处是指作者摘了杜鹃花递给丈夫，体现了传递善意的语境。故选C。 二、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） A WATER SAFETY FOR ALL Genson DPE teaches life-saving skills FOR ALL. Join us in July for Family Water Safety Education and our yearly Safety Around Water Program. Family Water Safety Education Time: 5:30~7:30 p. m. FREE for DPE members Monday, July 8: Reach or Throw, Don’t Go Community: $10 a day for a family Wednesday, July 10: Life Jackets and Boating Friday, July 12: Open Swim Parent MUST be in the pool! Sunday, July 14: Celebration! Safety Around Water Program Time: 4:45~5:15 p. m. For children aged 11~14 5:30~6:00 p. m. REGISTER NOW 6:15~6:45 p. m. GensonDPE. com July 22~25, 2024 Contact: Andy Markham Email: andy@gensondpe.com ※ Notes: 1. register (登记) 2. contact (联系) 16. When is the Celebration? A. On Sunday. B. On Monday. C. On Wednesday. D. On Friday. 17. At what age can a child join in Safety Around Water Program? A 6. B. 8. C. 10. D. 12. 18. What can we learn about Genson DPE? A. It keeps open all year round. B. It teaches life-saving skills. C. It provides free programs for all. D. It has two programs every day. 【答案】16. A 17. D 18. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了家庭水上安全教育、水上安全计划项目。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Sunday, July 14: Celebration!”可知，庆典在星期天举行。故选A。 【17题详解】 细节理解题。根据Safety Around Water Program中“For children aged 11~14”可知，11-14岁的儿童可以参加水上安全项目。故选D。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Genson DPE teaches life-saving skills FOR ALL.”可知，Genson DPE教授救生技能。故选B。 B There was a very mean man named Mr. Black who lived on the sixth floor of an apartment building. He was so impolite to his neighbors that no one even knew his first name was Adam. He never said hello to anyone, and he left his rubbish out in the hallway. He always complained (抱怨) about all his neighbors and the noise they made. He even got upset when the couple who lived next door to him, Cathy and David, had a baby. Instead of saying congratulations (祝贺), he loudly complained about how the baby would surely cry all night. One day when he was leaving his apartment, Mr. Black saw that his rubbish was gone. In its place, he found a note from David, “Good morning, Mr. Black. I saw your rubbish here, and since I was on my way out, I picked it up for you. I wanted to save you a trip. Have a nice day, David.” However, Mr. Black decided to ignore this act of kindness. He began thinking about the terrible traffic he would surely have to deal with on his way to work. But as time went on, Mr. Black started to feel a little silly. No matter how impolite he was, the couple always smiled at him and politely said hello. It became harder and harder for him not to simply say hello back. After a few weeks, Mr. Black was always happy to see the couple in the hall. They even started calling him Adam. Later on, they invited Mr. Black into their apartment for a cup of coffee. Mr. Black was very glad that they treated (对待) him nicely. He was so upset about it that he had been impolite to everyone he knew. He realized (认识到) that he should try to do the same with the people he met. 19. Which word can best describe Mr. Black according to Paragraph 1? A. Serious. B. Unfriendly. C. Strict. D. Lonely. 20. Who took out the rubbish for Mr. Black? A. Adam. B. Cathy. C. David. D. A cleaner. 21. What does the underlined word “ignore” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. take no notice of B. say thanks to C. stick to D. care about 22. What did Mr. Black realize finally? A. He should say sorry to his neighbors in the building. B. He should learn to be kind like his neighbors. C. He should thank all the people who ever helped him. D. He should move to a new apartment to make friends. 【答案】19. B 20. C 21. A 22. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了一个名叫布莱克的人对邻居非常不友好，但是他的邻居对他始终保持友好，最后他意识到应该像他们一样对待他人。 【19题详解】 推理判断题。根据“There was a very mean man named Mr. Black…He was so impolite to his neighbors…He never said hello to anyone, ...He always complained (抱怨) about all his neighbors…”可知，布莱克对邻居非常不礼貌，他从不和任何人打招呼，他总是抱怨他的邻居和他们制造的噪音，所以推知布莱克非常不友好。故选B。 【20题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In its place, he found a note from David.”及“Good morning, Mr. Black. I saw your rubbish here, and since I was on my way out, I picked it up for you.”可知，纸条是大卫写的，大卫看到了布莱克的垃圾，于是帮布莱克拿走了垃圾。故选C。 【21题详解】 词句猜测题。根据下文“He began thinking about the terrible traffic he would surely have to deal with on his way to work.”可知，布莱克看到大卫留的纸条，知道是大卫帮自己拿走了垃圾，但是他并没有为此作出感谢，而是考虑上班路上的交通情况。划线部分单词意为“忽视”，和选项A的意思相近。故选A。 【22题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Mr. Black was very glad that they treated (对待) him nicely. He was so upset about it that he had been impolite to everyone he knew. He realized (认识到) that he should try to do the same with the people he met.”可知，布莱克很高兴邻居对他的友好对待，他意识到他应该像他们一样对待他遇到的人。故选B。 C In much of Africa, whenever kids are in the forest, they are careful of the sound of laughter. It might be the first sign of a dangerous animal called the hyena (鬣狗). I live in Zimbabwe. I heard a story about two brothers who once spent a night in a tree with hyenas waiting below. Some hyenas attacked (袭击) their family’s cows. The boys knew that the hyenas would run away from moving or flashing (闪烁) lights. They used a flashlight to chase away (赶走) the hyenas. Adults tell them not to follow hyenas into the forest. Hyenas sometimes attack and even kill people. But the boys did not listen. Then their flashlight died. In a minute, the hyenas turned and ran after the brothers. The boys tried to climb into a tree. They didn’t get down until the hyenas lost interest and left. Hyenas used to eat wild animals in the forest. But as people burn down forest land for farming and some people kill wild animals, hyenas find food with much more difficulty than before. Hyenas begin to run to the villages. “Hyenas make nighttime a scary time for us,” said Amon Chengeta. Villagers often hear hyenas laughing at night. Many villagers have lost cows or goats. Some people have even lost their lives. “We used to have healthy forests with many different animals, and hyenas hardly ever bothered (使烦恼) us.” said Mr. Chengeta. “The hyena attacks are probably telling us to change the way we use our environment.” 23. How did the two boys chase away the hyenas? A. With fire. B. With a flashlight. C. With noisy sounds. D. With water. 24. Why do hyenas begin to run to the villages according to Mr. Chengeta? A. Because they want to scare people. B. Because people want to kill them. C. Because they can’t find animals to eat in the forest. D. Because they like to eat the cows and goats in the villages. 25. What does Mr. Chengeta suggest people should do to solve the hyena problem? A. Kill all the hyenas to protect the villages. B. Stop farming and leave the forest untouched. C. Change how they use the environment. D. Move to another place far away from the forest. 26. Which may be Mr. Chengeta’s attitude (态度) towards hyenas’ running to the villages? A. Scared. B. Surprised. C. Glad. D. Angry. 【答案】23. B 24. C 25. C 26. A 【解析】 【导语】本文通过讲述一对兄弟的故事，告诉我们因为环境的破坏，鬣狗没有了足够的食物，从而攻击人类，号召我们应该行动起来，爱护环境。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据“They used a flashlight to chase away (赶走) the hyenas.”可知，那两个男孩用手电筒驱赶鬣狗。故选B。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Hyenas used to eat wild animals in the forest. But as people burn down forest land for farming and some people kill wild animals, hyenas find food much more difficultly than before. Hyenas begin to run to the villages.”可知, 根据Chengeta先生的说法，鬣狗开始跑到村子里去，因为它们在森林里找不到动物吃。故选C。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The hyena attacks are probably telling us to change the way we use our environment.”可知，Chengeta先生认为鬣狗的袭击警示人们应该改变环境利用的方式。故选C。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Hyenas make nighttime a scary time for us”可知，鬣狗跑到村子里，Amon Chengeta感到很害怕。故选A。 D So far, China has successfully sent a large number of satellites (卫星) and spaceships into space. Space scientists have been greatly inspired (赋予灵感) by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names. Since thousands of years ago, Chinese people have dreamed of going to the moon. Chang’e Flies to the Moon is one of the most popular stories. As you can see, China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e-Ⅰ. More interestingly, the moon rover (巡视器) was named after the Jade Rabbit, who is the partner of Chang’e in the story. These old stories carry people’s best wishes and dreams. With the development of science and technology, our scientists have made them come true. Kua Fu Runs After the Sun is another story to show how much ancient Chinese people wanted to know about the unknown world. Now, Kua Fu is going with the scientists to “visit” the sun, because we have a space project called Kua Fu Mission. Besides the ancient stories, space scientists also get ideas from ancient famous people. For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist, discovered that light travels in a straight line over 2,000 years ago. His discovery made space study take a big step at that time. So, China’s first quantum (量子) science satellite was named Mozi, making China the first country in the world to achieve quantum communication between satellites and the ground. From such simple things as giving names to satellites, we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology. 27. In China, space scientists get ideas from _______ when naming satellites. ①old stories ②traditional projects ③ancient famous people ④ popular inventions A. ①② B. ①③ C. ②④ D. ③④ 28. What do we know about Chang’e Ⅰ according to the passage? A. It moves around the moon. B. It protects the Jade Rabbit. C. It “visits” the sun with the scientists. D. It is the world’s first man-made satellite. 29. Which is the right structure of the passage? （①= Paragraph 1 ②= Paragraph 2, ...） A. B. C. D. 30. What’s the writer’s main purpose (目的) of writing the passage? A. To spread (传播) the traditional Chinese culture. B. To explain how our scientists develop the space industry. C. To introduce the achievements in our science and technology. D. To tell how traditional Chinese culture influences our space science. 【答案】27. B 28. A 29. A 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了嫦娥一号、“玉兔号”月球车、“墨子号”空间量子科学实验卫星与中国传统文化之间的关联，展现了传统文化对我国太空技术的影响。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Space scientists have been greatly inspired (赋予灵感) by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names.”可知，中国的太空科学家在给卫星和太空飞船命名时，受到古老故事和古代名人的启发。故选B。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据“China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e-Ⅰ.”可知，嫦娥一号是一颗绕月人造卫星。故选A。 29题详解】 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，①总述科学家从传统文化命名；②③④介绍太空科学家在给卫星和宇宙飞船命名时，从古老的故事和古代名人中获得了巨大的灵感；⑤段总结传统文化对科技的影响，该篇文章是总分总结构。故选A。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“From such simple things as giving names to the satellites, we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology.”及通读全文可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍中国的太空技术与中国传统文化之间的渊源，阐述了中国传统文化对我国太空技术的深远影响。故选D。 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题 共45分） 三、词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 根据首字母或汉语提示，在答题卡上写出下列句子中单词的完全形式。 31. The restaurant p_______ the best service for its customers so that many people enjoy eating there. 【答案】(p)rovides 【解析】 【详解】句意：这家餐厅为顾客提供最好的服务，所以很多人喜欢在那里吃饭。根据“the best service for its customers”以及首字母可知，此处指“为顾客提供最好的服务”，provide“提供”；主句描述餐厅的常规服务，为一般现在时，主语“The restaurant”是第三人称单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。故填(p)rovides。 32. Prices of fresh fruits and vegetables have r_______ greatly due to the recent bad weather. 【答案】(r)isen 【解析】 【详解】句意：新鲜水果和蔬菜的价格由于最近的恶劣天气而大幅上涨。根据句意和语法，空格处需填入一个动词的过去分词形式，与“have”构成现在完成时，表示价格“上涨”或“增加”。“prices”作为主语时，通常用不及物动词 rise，表示主动上涨，过去分词是risen。故填(r)isen。 33. The teacher spoke highly of him because he has made great p_______ in science. 【答案】(p)rogress 【解析】 【详解】句意：老师高度评价他，因为他在科学方面取得了很大的进步。根据上文“The teacher spoke highly of him”和首字母“p”提示可知，老师赞扬他，因此这里是指他取得了进步；考查make progress“取得进步”，动词短语，其中progress“进步”，不可数名词。故填(p)rogress。 34. I went to the nursing home and worked as a v_______ there last Saturday. 【答案】(v)olunteer 【解析】 【详解】句意：上周六我去了养老院，并在那里当一名志愿者。根据“I went to the nursing home and worked as a…there last Saturday.”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指去养老院做志愿者，volunteer“志愿者”符合，根据“a”可知，此处用单数形式。故填(v)olunteer。 35. The dancer felt a bit n________ in her first performance. 【答案】nervous 【解析】 【详解】句意：舞蹈演员第一次表演时有点紧张。 根据语境及首字母可知，此处应为nervous紧张的，形容词，在句中作表语，意为“感觉紧张”。故答案为nervous。 36. Everyone in our class took an active part in the school sports meeting, ________ (包括) the new classmate. 【答案】including 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们班上的每一个人包括这个新同学都积极参与学校运动会。根据汉语提示可知，空处用介词“including”表示“包括”。故填including。 37. Our school is just _______ (在……对面) the beautiful park. 【答案】across from 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们的学校就在那个美丽的公园对面。across from“在……对面”，介词短语。故填across from。 38. Our school is nice and beautiful, _______ (尤其) in spring and autumn. 【答案】especially 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们的学校既美丽又漂亮，尤其在春天和秋天。根据“Our school is nice and beautiful … in spring and autumn.”以及汉语提示可知，此处需要表达“尤其”的含义，用于进一步强调在春秋两季学校更显美好。“especially”为副词，符合此处语境，可修饰介词短语。故填especially。 39. At Easter, people usually _______ (藏起) all the eggs in the garden for the kids to find. 【答案】hide 【解析】 【详解】句意：在复活节，人们通常把所有的鸡蛋藏在花园里，让孩子们去找。hide“藏起”，句子时态为一般现在时，主语为“people”，用动词原形。故填hide。 40. The police often have to make quick _______ (决定) on how to act. 【答案】decisions 【解析】 【详解】句意：警察经常需要快速决定如何行动。quick“快速的”是形容词，修饰名词，因此括号中的中文提示“决定”，对应的英文单词是名词“decision”，可数名词，空前无不定冠词限定，所以此处名词应用复数形式decisions，“make decisions”是固定搭配，意为“做决定”。故填decisions。 四、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式（每空不多于3个单词）。 Matt is a primary school student who loves playing with little animals. One day, when he was on ____41____ (he) way to school, he saw a homeless cat sitting in a box. It was a black-and-white cat with bright eyes. The cat was so cute that Matt couldn’t help ____42____ (play) with it. The longer Matt played with ____43____ cat, the more he liked it. The little cat followed him as he left for school. Matt then decided ____44____ (take) the cat to school with him. He put the cat in his schoolbag ____45____ went to school happily. After Matt entered the class, he told some ____46____ (classmate) about the cat. As he opened the schoolbag to show them the cat, it suddenly jumped out and ____47____ (start) running around the classroom. It even jumped onto the teacher’s desk! Everyone in class was ____48____ (excited) than ever before. Just at that time, the teacher came in and caught the cat ____49____ (quick). Matt felt embarrassed and his face turned red. To Matt’s surprise, the teacher came up to him ____50____ a smile, saying, “Matt, it’s nice of you to lend a helping hand to homeless animals, but you are not allowed to take it to school.” 【答案】41. his 42. playing 43 the 44. to take 45. and 46. classmates 47. started 48. more excited 49. quickly 50. with 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了马特在上学路上遇到了一只流浪猫，并把它带到学校的事情。 【41题详解】 句意：一天，当他在上学的路上，他看到一只无家可归的猫坐在一个盒子里。根据“when he was on ... way to school, he saw a homeless cat sitting in a box.”可知，on one’s way to...“在某人去某地的路上”，one’s用形容词性物主代词代替，故填his。 【42题详解】 句意：这只猫太可爱了，马特忍不住要和它玩。根据“so cute...Matt couldn’t help ... with it.”可知，此处是can’t help doing ...“忍不住做……”，故填playing。 【43题详解】 句意：马特和猫玩得越久，他越喜欢它。此处是指代前文提到的名词“a black-and-white cat”，用定冠词the修饰，故填the。 【44题详解】 句意：然后，马特决定带这只猫去学校。根据“Matt then decided ... the cat to school with him.”可知，decide to do sth“决定做某事”，是固定短语，故填to take。 【45题详解】 句意：他把猫放进书包里，高兴地上学去了。根据“He put the cat in his schoolbag ... went to school happily.”可知，他把猫放进书包里，高兴地上学去了，空格前后的这两个分句是并列关系，应用and连接，故填and。 【46题详解】 句意：马特进入教室后，告诉了一些同学关于这只猫的事。根据“he told some ... about the cat.”可知，空前有some修饰，名词用复数形式，故填classmates。 【47题详解】 句意：当他打开书包给他们看那只猫时，它突然跳了出来，开始在教室里跑来跑去。根据“it suddenly jumped out and ... running around the classroom.”可知，空处与“jumped”是并列关系，此处也应用过去式形式，故填started。 【48题详解】 句意：班上的每个人都比以前更兴奋了。根据“than”可知，此处用比较级形式，故填more excited。 【49题详解】 句意：就在那时，老师进来很快抓住了猫。根据“the teacher came in and caught the cat ...”可知，空处修饰动词，应用副词形式，故填quickly。 【50题详解】 句意：令马特惊讶的是，老师微笑着走到他面前。根据“the teacher came up to him ... a smile”可知，此处是表示伴随，应用介词with，故填with。 五、阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，回答短文后面的各个小题。 “On the very first day of 2024, I saw the snows of Kilimanjaro (乞力马扎罗山),” said Xu Zhuoyuan, a 17-year-old mountain climber from Hunan. Xu climbed the tallest peak (山峰) in Africa on January 1st. She even stood on the top of Mount Qomolangma last May, making her the youngest Chinese girl to climb to the world’s highest peak from the southern slope. Xu’s mountaineering journey began on a family trip to Xizang and Sichuan four years ago. Passing by Mount Siguniang in Sichuan, she felt surprised at its beauty and decided to try climbing it. She fell in love with mountaineering right then and there. For the next few years, Xu did hard training. She went to the mountains in Yunnan and Sichuan every month, climbing peaks over 5,000 meters and doing daily physical exercises like running, swimming and rope skipping. All the hard work got her ready for the big challenges she would face on Kilimanjaro. Above 4,000 meters on Mount Kilimanjaro, the climate (气候) is similar to a desert, with big temperature differences. Xu spent seven days on the whole climb. During those days, she faced bad weather such as rain and strong winds. Staying warm and avoiding heat loss were the main challenges. She had to keep an eye on the temperature and change her clothes when the temperature changed. Looking ahead, Xu has set great goals for herself. She plans to climb the highest peak on each of the seven continents (洲) by the time she’s 18. 51. When did Xu fall in love with mountaineering? _______________________________________________________________________________ 52. What physical exercises did Xu do before climbing Kilimanjaro? _______________________________________________________________________________ 53. What were the main challenges for Xu when climbing Kilimanjaro? _______________________________________________________________________________ 54. What does Xu plan to do by the time she’s 18? _______________________________________________________________________________ 55. What do you think of Xu Zhuoyuan? _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】51. She fell in love with mountaineering during a family trip to Xizang and Sichuan four years ago. 52. She did physical exercises like running, swimming and rope skipping. 53. The main challenges were staying warm and avoiding heat loss, and she also faced bad weather such as rain and strong winds. 54. She plans to climb the highest peak on each of the seven continents by the time she’s 18. 55. She is  an outstanding, determined and brave teenager. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲了17岁湖南登山者徐卓媛登顶乞力马扎罗山与珠峰南坡，四年前爱上登山，经训练应对挑战，计划18岁前登七大洲最高峰。 【51题详解】 根据“Xu’s mountaineering journey began on a family trip to Xizang and Sichuan four years ago. Passing by Mount Siguniang in Sichuan, she felt surprised at its beauty and decided to try climbing it. She fell in love with mountaineering right then and there.”可知，徐卓媛在四年前一次去西藏和四川的家庭旅行中，路过四川四姑娘山时爱上了登山。故填She fell in love with mountaineering during a family trip to Xizang and Sichuan four years ago. 【52题详解】 根据“She went to the mountains in Yunnan and Sichuan every month, climbing peaks over 5,000 meters and doing daily physical exercises like running, swimming and rope skipping.”可知，徐卓媛在攀登乞力马扎罗山之前做的体育锻炼有跑步、游泳和跳绳，还每月去云南和四川的山里攀登5000多米的山峰。故填She did physical exercises like running, swimming and rope skipping. 【53题详解】 根据“Above 4,000 meters on Mount Kilimanjaro... During those days, she faced bad weather such as rain and strong winds. Staying warm and avoiding heat loss were the main challenges.”可知，徐卓媛攀登乞力马扎罗山时的主要挑战是保暖和防止热量流失，还面临着雨和强风等恶劣天气。故填The main challenges were staying warm and avoiding heat loss, and she also faced bad weather such as rain and strong winds. 【54题详解】 根据“She plans to climb the highest peak on each of the seven continents (洲) by the time she’s 18.”可知，徐卓媛计划在18岁时攀登七大洲各自的最高峰。故填She plans to climb the highest peak on each of the seven continents by the time she’s 18. 【55题详解】 开放性试题，答案合理即可。故填She is  an outstanding, determined and brave teenager. 六、写作（满分15分） 56. 假设你是李华，你的外国笔友Tom想要了解更多的中国文化，请从以下选项中选择一个向他推荐： A. 中国传统节日（如春节、端午节等） B. 中国传说故事（如嫦娥奔月、愚公移山等） 写作要求： 1. 选择并推荐一个项目；说明推荐理由。 2. 词数：90词左右；开头已经给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Tom, I’m glad you’re interested in learning more about Chinese culture. I want to tell you about _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Dear Tom, I’m glad you’re interested in learning more about Chinese culture. I want to tell you about traditional Chinese festivals. Among the many traditional festivals in China, the Spring Festival is my favorite. To celebrate it, we usually stick the Chinese character “Fu” upside down on doors and decorate windows with red paper-cuts. On the eve of the festival, we always have a reunion feast with family. I especially love the Spring Festival for the fireworks displays and the red envelopes containing money from my parents and relatives. I sincerely hope you can come to China to experience this meaningful festival! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇书信作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏提示，并适当添加细节，注意字母大小写以及标点符号。 [写作步骤] 第一步、承接已给的开头，推荐中国传统节日——春节； 第二步、介绍庆祝活动和推荐理由； 第三步、书写结语。 [亮点词汇] ①be interested in…对……感兴趣 ②upside down颠倒 ③on the eve of…在……前夕 [高分句型] I sincerely hope you can come to China to experience this meaningful festival!(宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$