内容正文:
中考英语常见正反义词
1.above 在……之上——below 在……之下
[例]The plane flew above the clouds, while the submarine stayed below the surface.
[中文翻译]飞机在云层之上飞行,而潜艇停留在水面之下。
2.accept 接受——refuse 拒绝
[例]She gladly accepted the gift, but he refused the invitation.
[中文翻译]她欣然接受了礼物,但他拒绝了邀请。
3.add 增加——subtract 减去
[例]Add 5 to 10 and you get 15; subtract 5 and you get 5.
[中文翻译]10加5等于15,减5等于5。
4.admit 承认——deny 否认
[例]He admitted his mistake, yet she denied any involvement.
[中文翻译]他承认了自己的错误,但她否认有任何参与。
5.advantage 优势——disadvantage 劣势
[例]Living near the metro is an advantage; the noise can be a disadvantage.
[中文翻译]住在地铁附近是个优势,噪音则可能是个劣势。
6.agree 同意——disagree 不同意
[例]They agree on most issues, but disagree on taxes.
[中文翻译]他们在大多数问题上意见一致,但在税收问题上存在分歧。
7.alive 活着的——dead 死的
[例]The rescue team found three people alive and one dead.
[中文翻译]救援队发现了三个活着的人和一个死者。
8.all 全部——none 全无
[例]All the cookies are gone; none are left.
[中文翻译]所有的饼干都吃完了,一块也没剩下。
9.allow 允许——forbid 禁止
[例]Parents allow small pets but often forbid snakes.
[中文翻译]父母允许养小型宠物,但通常禁止养蛇。
10.always 总是——never 从不
[例]He always arrives early; she never does.
[中文翻译]他总是到得很早,她却从不这样。
11.ancient 古老的——modern 现代的
[例]The ancient castle overlooks the modern city.
[中文翻译]古老的城堡俯瞰着现代的城市。
12.angel 天使——devil 恶魔
[例]She’s an angel to her friends but a devil to her enemies.
[中文翻译]她对朋友如天使,对敌人却如恶魔。
13.appear 出现——disappear 消失
[例]The sun appeared at dawn and disappeared at dusk.
[中文翻译]太阳在黎明出现,在黄昏消失。
14.approve 赞成——disapprove 不赞成
[例]The board approved the plan, but the public disapproved.
[中文翻译]董事会赞成这个计划,但公众不赞成。
15.arrive 到达——depart 离开
[例]Trains arrive on platform 2 and depart from platform 3.
[中文翻译]火车在2号站台到达,从3号站台离开。
16.artificial 人造的——natural 自然的
[例]Artificial flowers last longer, but natural ones smell better.
[中文翻译]人造花保存得更久,但自然的花闻起来更香。
17.ascend 上升——descend 下降
[例]The hikers ascended the mountain and descended before dark.
[中文翻译]徒步旅行者们登上山顶,在天黑前下山。
18.ask 问——answer 答
[例]He asked a question, and she answered immediately.
[中文翻译]他问了一个问题,她立刻就回答了。
19.asleep 睡着的——awake 醒着的
[例]The baby is asleep; the parents are still awake.
[中文翻译]宝宝睡着了,父母却还醒着。
20.attack 攻击——defend 防御
[例]The army attacked at dawn and defended the town by night.
[中文翻译]军队在黎明发起攻击,到了晚上则保卫城镇。
21.back 后面——front 前面
[例]She sat in the back, while he stood at the front.
[中文翻译]她坐在后面,而他站在前面。
22.bad 坏的——good 好的
[例]Using "奇速英语AI伴学" can help you turn bad learning habits into good ones by setting daily practice reminders.
[中文翻译]用“奇速英语AI伴学”可以通过设置每日练习提醒,帮你把不好的学习习惯变成好的习惯。
23.beautiful 美丽的——ugly 丑陋的
[例]In 奇速英语时文阅读, you’ll read about beautiful natural landscapes and learn how to avoid making ugly grammar mistakes in descriptions.
[中文翻译]在“奇速英语时文阅读”中,你会读到美丽的自然景观描写,还能学习如何避免在描述中犯低级的语法错误。
24.before 之前——after 之后
[例]Finish your homework before dinner, and you can play after.
[中文翻译]晚饭前完成作业,之后你就可以去玩了。
25.begin 开始——end 结束
[例]The concert begins at 7 PM and ends at 10 PM.
[中文翻译]音乐会晚上7点开始,10点结束。
26.best 最好的——worst 最差的
[例]This is the best coffee I’ve had, but that was the worst meal.
[中文翻译]这是我喝过的最好的咖啡,但那是我吃过的最差的一顿饭。
27.better 更好的——worse 更差的
[例]Her health is better now than last month, but his is worse.
[中文翻译]她的健康状况比上个月好,但他的更差了。
28.big 大的——small 小的
[例]The big dog chased the small cat across the yard.
[中文翻译]大狗追着小猫跑过院子。
29.black 黑色的——white 白色的
[例]She wore a black dress with white shoes.
[中文翻译]她穿了一条黑色连衣裙和白色鞋子。
30.blunt 钝的——sharp 锋利的
[例]A blunt knife is dangerous; a sharp one cuts easily.
[中文翻译]钝刀很危险,锋利的刀切东西很容易。
31.borrow 借入——lend 借出
[例]Can I borrow your pen? I’ll lend you mine tomorrow.
[中文翻译]我能借你的笔吗?我明天把我的借给你。
32.both 两者都——neither 两者都不
[例]Both books are interesting, but neither is easy to read.
[中文翻译]两本书都很有趣,但都不容易读。
33.buy 买——sell 卖
[例]She likes to buy fresh fruit, and he sells vegetables at the market.
[中文翻译]她喜欢买新鲜水果,而他在市场上卖蔬菜。
34.calm 平静的——noisy 嘈杂的
[例]The lake is calm in the morning but noisy with boats by afternoon.
[中文翻译]早晨湖面很平静,到了下午却因船只而嘈杂。
35.capture 捕获——release 释放
[例]Zookeepers captured the escaped monkey and later released it back.
[中文翻译]动物园管理员捕获了逃跑的猴子,后来又把它放了回去。
36.clean 干净的——dirty 脏的
[例]Keep your room clean; don’t let it get dirty.
[中文翻译]保持房间干净,别让它变脏。
37.clever 聪明的——stupid 愚蠢的
[例]A clever plan works; a stupid one fails.
[中文翻译]聪明的计划会成功,愚蠢的计划会失败。
38.close 关闭——open 打开
[例]Close the window before you leave, and open it when you return.
[中文翻译]离开前关上窗户,回来时再打开。
39.cold 冷的——hot 热的
[例]Winter is cold, but summer is hot.
[中文翻译]冬天很冷,夏天却很热。
40.come 来——go 去
[例]She will come to the party, but he has to go to work.
[中文翻译]她会来参加派对,但他得去上班。
41.correct 正确的——incorrect 不正确的
[例]Your answer is correct, but his is incorrect.
[中文翻译]你的答案是正确的,但他的不正确。
42.courage 勇气——fear 恐惧
[例]Courage helps you face challenges; fear holds you back.
[中文翻译]勇气帮助你面对挑战,恐惧却让你退缩。
43.create 创造——destroy 破坏
[例]Artists create beauty; wars destroy it.
[中文翻译]艺术家创造美,战争却破坏美。
44.cruel 残忍的——kind 善良的
[例]A cruel person hurts others; a kind one helps them.
[中文翻译]残忍的人伤害他人,善良的人帮助他人。
45.cry 哭——laugh 笑
[例]Babies cry when hungry and laugh when happy.
[中文翻译]婴儿饿了会哭,开心了会笑。
46.dangerous 危险的——safe 安全的
[例]Climbing without gear is dangerous; staying on the path is safe.
[中文翻译]没有装备攀岩很危险,待在小路上很安全。
47.dark 黑暗的——bright 明亮的
[例]The room is dark at night but bright in the morning sun.
[中文翻译]房间晚上很暗,早晨在阳光下却很明亮。
48.day 白天——night 夜晚
[例]Birds sing during the day, and crickets chirp at night.
[中文翻译]鸟儿白天唱歌,蟋蟀夜晚鸣叫。
49.deep 深的——shallow 浅的
[例]The ocean is deep, but the pond is shallow.
[中文翻译]海洋很深,池塘却很浅。
50.defend 保卫——attack 攻击(注:与20组重复,调整为“defeat 击败——win 获胜”)
[例]Our team didn’t defeat the champions, but we won the second match.
[中文翻译]我们队没击败冠军,但赢了第二场比赛。
51.depart 离开——arrive 到达(注:与15组重复,调整为“die 死亡——live 生存”)
[例]Old trees die, but new ones live and grow.
[中文翻译]老树会死亡,但新树会存活生长。
52.different 不同的——same 相同的
[例]Their opinions are different, but their goals are the same.
[中文翻译]他们的观点不同,但目标相同。
53.difficult 困难的——easy 容易的
[例]Math is difficult for some, but English is easy for others.
[中文翻译]数学对有些人来说很难,但英语对另一些人来说很容易。
54.dirty 脏的——clean 干净的(注:与36组重复,调整为“disappear 消失——appear 出现”,已在13组,改为“divide 分开——unite 联合”)
[例]Arguments divide people; shared goals unite them.
[中文翻译]争吵让人们分裂,共同的目标让他们团结。
55.dry 干燥的——wet 潮湿的
[例]Deserts are dry, while rainforests are wet.
[中文翻译]沙漠很干燥,雨林却很潮湿。
56.early 早的——late 晚的
[例]He wakes up early, but she stays up late.
[中文翻译]他醒得早,她却睡得晚。
57.empty 空的——full 满的
[例]The fridge was empty this morning, now it’s full of food.
[中文翻译]冰箱早上是空的,现在装满了食物。
58.entrance 入口——exit 出口
[例]Use the entrance on the left and the exit on the right.
[中文翻译]从左边的入口进入,从右边的出口离开。
59.expensive 昂贵的——cheap 便宜的
[例]Designer bags are expensive, but street market ones are cheap.
[中文翻译]名牌包很贵,街边市场的包却很便宜。
60.fail 失败——succeed 成功
[例]He may fail today, but he will succeed tomorrow with effort.
[中文翻译]他今天可能失败,但努力的话明天会成功。
61.fair 公平的——unfair 不公平的
[例]A fair game makes everyone happy; an unfair one causes anger.
[中文翻译]公平的游戏让每个人开心,不公平的游戏会引发愤怒。
62.false 假的——true 真的
[例]False rumors spread fast, but true stories last.
[中文翻译]谣言传播得快,但真实的故事流传得久。
63.fast 快的——slow 慢的
[例]Cheetahs are fast, while turtles are slow.
[中文翻译]猎豹很快,乌龟却很慢。
64.fat 胖的——thin 瘦的
[例]The cat is fat, but the dog is thin.
[中文翻译]这只猫很胖,这只狗却很瘦。
65.few 少数的——many 许多的
[例]Few people came early, but many arrived later.
[中文翻译]没几个人早到,但后来来了很多人。
66.find 找到——lose 丢失
[例]She helped him find his keys after he lost them.
[中文翻译]他丢了钥匙后,她帮他找到了。
67.finish 完成——start 开始
[例]Finish your work first, then start playing.
[中文翻译]先完成工作,再开始玩。
68.first 第一——last 最后
[例]She won first prize, and he came last.
[中文翻译]她得了一等奖,他是最后一名。
69.forward 向前——backward 向后
[例]Walk forward to the gate, don’t step backward.
[中文翻译]向前走到大门,别向后退。
70.free 自由的——busy 忙碌的
[例]Weekends are free for some, but busy for others.
[中文翻译]周末对有些人来说很清闲,对另一些人来说却很忙碌。
71.friend 朋友——enemy 敌人
[例]A friend supports you; an enemy opposes you.
[中文翻译]朋友支持你,敌人反对你。
72.full 满的——empty 空的(注:与57组重复,调整为“gain 获得——lose 失去”)
[例]You gain strength from exercise and lose it from laziness.
[中文翻译]锻炼能让你获得力量,懒惰会让你失去力量。
73.give 给予——take 拿走
[例]Kind people give help; selfish ones take without asking.
[中文翻译]善良的人给予帮助,自私的人不问就拿走。
74.glad 高兴的——sad 难过的
[例]She was glad for the good news and sad for the bad.
[中文翻译]她为好消息高兴,为坏消息难过。
75.happy 快乐的——sad 难过的(注:与74组重复,调整为“hard 坚硬的——soft 柔软的”)
[例]Rocks are hard, but pillows are soft.
[中文翻译]石头很坚硬,枕头却很柔软。
76.hate 讨厌——love 喜欢
[例]She hates rainy days but loves sunny ones.
[中文翻译]她讨厌雨天,却喜欢晴天。
77.heavy 重的——light 轻的
[例]The box is heavy, but the bag is light.
[中文翻译]这个箱子很重,这个袋子却很轻。
78.high 高的——low 低的
[例]Mountains are high, valleys are low.
[中文翻译]山很高,山谷很低。
79.hot 热的——cold 冷的(注:与39组重复,调整为“hurt 伤害——heal 治愈”)
[例]Words can hurt feelings, but kindness can heal them.
[中文翻译]言语会伤害感情,善良却能治愈它们。
80.ill 生病的——healthy 健康的
[例]He was ill last week but now feels healthy.
[中文翻译]他上周生病了,现在感觉很健康。
81.import 进口——export 出口
[例]We import tea from China and export cars to Europe.
[中文翻译]我们从中国进口茶叶,向欧洲出口汽车。
82.inside 里面——outside 外面
[例]Stay inside during the storm; play outside when it’s sunny.
[中文翻译]暴风雨时待在里面,晴天时去外面玩。
83.innocent 无辜的——guilty 有罪的
[例]The court found her innocent and him guilty.
[中文翻译]法庭判定她无罪,他有罪。
84.join 加入——leave 离开
[例]Many students join the club, but few leave it.
[中文翻译]很多学生加入俱乐部,但很少有人离开。
85.joy 喜悦——sorrow 悲伤
[例]Birthdays bring joy, while goodbyes bring sorrow.
[中文翻译]生日带来喜悦,离别带来悲伤。
86.keep 保持——lose 失去(注:与66组重复,调整为“kneel 跪下——stand 站立”)
[例]He knelt to tie his shoe, then stood up again.
[中文翻译]他跪下系鞋带,然后又站了起来。
87.known 知名的——unknown 不知名的
[例]Known artists sell more works than unknown ones.
[中文翻译]知名艺术家比不知名的艺术家卖的作品多。
88.large 大的——small 小的(注:与28组重复,调整为“laugh 笑——cry 哭”,已在45组,改为“lazy 懒惰的——hardworking 勤奋的”)
[例]Lazy people avoid work; hardworking ones finish tasks on time.
[中文翻译]懒惰的人逃避工作,勤奋的人按时完成任务。
89.left 左边——right 右边
[例]Turn left at the corner, then right at the traffic light.
[中文翻译]在拐角处左转,然后在红绿灯处右转。
90.light 明亮的——dark 黑暗的(注:与47组重复,调整为“like 喜欢——dislike 不喜欢”)
[例]I like chocolate but dislike coffee.
[中文翻译]我喜欢巧克力,不喜欢咖啡。
91.long 长的——short 短的
[例]The river is long, but the stream is short.
[中文翻译]这条河很长,这条小溪却很短。
92.lose 丢失——find 找到(注:与66组重复,调整为“love 爱——hate 恨”,已在76组,改为“major 主要的——minor 次要的”)
[例]Studying is a major task; taking breaks are minor ones.
[中文翻译]学习是主要任务,休息是次要的。
93.many 许多的——few 少数的(注:与65组重复,调整为“marry 结婚——divorce 离婚”)
[例]They married young but divorced after five years.
[中文翻译]他们年轻时结婚,五年后离婚了。
94.maximum 最大量——minimum 最小量
[例]The maximum speed is 100km/h, and the minimum is 40km/h.
[中文翻译]最高速度是100公里/小时,最低是40公里/小时。
95.messy 凌乱的——tidy 整洁的
[例]His room is messy, but hers is always tidy.
[中文翻译]他的房间很凌乱,她的却总是很整洁。
96.more 更多的——less 更少的
[例]Eat more vegetables and less junk food.
[中文翻译]多吃蔬菜,少吃垃圾食品。
97.new 新的——old 旧的
[例]She bought a new phone to replace her old one.
[中文翻译]她买了一部新手机替换旧的。
98.noisy 嘈杂的——quiet 安静的
[例]Markets are noisy, libraries are quiet.
[中文翻译]市场很嘈杂,图书馆很安静。
99.often 经常——seldom 很少
[例]He often reads books but seldom watches TV.
[中文翻译]他经常看书,却很少看电视。
100.open 打开——close 关闭(注:与38组重复,调整为“over 结束——begin 开始”)
[例]The show is over now, but a new one will begin tomorrow.
[中文翻译]演出现在结束了,但新的演出明天会开始。
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