Unit 4 Hands-on fun 知识点清单-2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级上册

2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级上册 Unit 4 Hands-on fun 【词汇】知识点清单 1. mooncake /ˈmuːnkeɪk/ n. 月饼 【巧记】moon (月亮)+ cake (蛋糕)= mooncake (月饼) ① eat mooncakes 吃月饼 We eat mooncakes to celebrate the Mid - Autumn Festival every year. 我们每年都吃月饼庆祝中秋节。 ② make mooncakes 做月饼 My grandmother taught me how to make mooncakes last weekend. 上周末我奶奶教我如何做月饼。 2. shelf /ʃelf/ n. 架子 【拓展】复数形式：shelves ① on the shelf 在架子上 Can you reach the dictionary on the top shelf? 你够得着最上层架子上的词典吗？ ② put ... on the shelf 把……放到架子上 Put your textbooks on the shelf after class. 课后把课本放到架子上。 3. rose /rəʊz/ n. 玫瑰 (花) ① He gave his mother a red rose on Mother’s Day. 母亲节他送了妈妈一支红玫瑰。 ② The rose in the garden smells really sweet in summer. 夏天，花园里的玫瑰闻起来特别香。 4. tape /teɪp/ n. 胶带；vt. 用胶带粘贴 ① tape sth. up 用胶带把某物粘好 She taped the gift box up carefully before giving it to her friend. 她仔细地用胶带把礼品盒粘好，然后送给了朋友。 ② a roll of tape 一卷胶带 There’s a roll of tape on the desk if you need to fix anything. 如果你需要修补东西，桌上有一卷胶带。 5. glue /ɡluː/n. 胶，胶水；vt. (用胶水) 黏合，粘贴 ① a bottle of glue 一瓶胶水 The teacher gave each student a bottle of glue for the art class. 老师给每个学生发了一瓶胶水用于美术课。 ② glue ... to/onto ... 把……粘到……上 She glued the label onto the box. 她把标签粘在箱子上。 6. fold /fəʊld/ vt. 折叠 【拓展】unfold vt. 打开；呈现 ① fold ... away 折叠收纳起来 You can fold the chairs away when you don’t need them. 不需要椅子时，你可以把它们折叠收纳起来。 ② fold ... down 向下折叠 / 翻下 Fold the table down to save space when you’re cleaning the room. 打扫房间时，把桌子向下折叠以节省空间。 7. complete /kəmˈpliːt/adj. 完成；结束；全部的 【拓展】completely adv. 彻底地；完整地 ① After two hours, the art project is finally complete. 两小时后，美术作业终于完成了。 ② We need to finish the complete set of exercises by Friday. 我们得在周五前做完全部练习。 8. DIY n. 自己动手 【拓展】DIY= do it yourself ① I made a DIY card for my friend’s birthday. It’s simple but special. 我给朋友做了张自制生日贺卡，简单但特别。 ② DIY is fun. You can create your own pencil box with recycled materials. 自己动手很有趣，你能用回收材料做专属铅笔盒。 9. crazy /ˈkreɪzi/ adj. 狂热的；迷恋的 【拓展】crazily adv. 发狂地；狂热地 ① be crazy about ... 对……狂热 / 迷恋 My brother is crazy about basketball and watches every game on TV. 我哥哥对篮球很着迷，每场比赛都会在电视上看。 ② She is crazy about pop music and listens to it every day. 她对流行音乐很狂热，每天都听。 10. born /bɔːn/ adj. 天生的 ① be born with 天生具有 She was born with beautiful blue eyes. 她天生有一双漂亮的蓝眼睛。 ② born days 有生之日 These are the happiest born days of my life. 这些是我有生之年最快乐的时光。 11. handyman /ˈhændimæn/ n. 手巧的人 【拓展】复数形式：handymen ① Being a handyman means you need to know basic repair skills. 当个手巧的人意味着你要会基本的修理技能。 ② He’s not a professional, but he’s a handyman who solves small problems. 他不是专业人士，但作为手巧的人，他能解决小问题。 12. mistake /mɪˈsteɪk/ n. 错误 ① make a mistake 犯错误 When writing an essay, it’s easy to make a mistake in grammar if you don’t check carefully. 写作文时，如果你不仔细检查，很容易在语法上犯错误。 ② by mistake 错误地；不小心 I deleted the file by mistake and now I can’t find it. 我不小心删了文件，现在找不到了。 13. power cut n. 断电，停电 ① During the storm, many areas experienced a power cut because of the strong winds. 暴风雨期间，由于大风，许多地区都停电了。 ② The school had to cancel the computer class because of the power cut. 由于停电，学校不得不取消了计算机课。 14. pipe /paɪp/ n. 管道，管子 ① We heard a strange noise coming from the pipe in the wall. 我们听到墙里的管子发出了奇怪的声音。 ② Water flows through pipes to every house in the city. 水通过管道输送到城市里的每一户。 15. fill ... with 使……充满 ① She filled the glass with fresh orange juice and handed it to me. 她往玻璃杯里倒了新鲜橙汁，递给了我。 ② He filled the form with his personal information carefully. 他仔细地在表格里填满了个人信息。 16. unlucky /ʌnˈlʌki/ adj. 不幸的，不顺利的 【拓展】lucky adj. 幸运的，顺利的 ① be unlucky to do sth. 做某事很倒霉 I was unlucky to miss the last bus home. 我真倒霉，没赶上最后一班回家的公交车。 ② I was unlucky enough to lose my keys on the way to school. 我真倒霉，上学的路上把钥匙丢了。 17. instead /ɪnˈsted/ adv. 反而 【拓展】instead of 代替；不是…… 而是…… ① instead of doing sth. 代替做某事；而不是做某事 I will go for a walk instead of watching TV at home. 我将去散步，而不是在家看电视。 ② He chose to eat fruit instead of having a cake for dessert. 他选择吃水果当甜点，而不是吃蛋糕。 18. course /kɔːs/ n. 课程 ① take a course 参加一门课程 I want to take a course in painting this summer to improve my art skills. 今年夏天我想参加一门绘画课来提升我的艺术技能。 ② online course 线上课程 If you want to learn a new language, an online course is a convenient choice. 如果你想学一门新语言，线上课程是个方便的选择。 19. mess /mes/ n. 杂乱，不整洁 ① in a mess 乱七八糟 The desk was in a mess with papers, pens, and empty cups everywhere. 桌子上乱七八糟，到处都是纸、笔和空杯子。 ② make a mess 弄得一团糟 He made a mess of the kitchen when he tried to cook dinner. 他做饭时把厨房弄得一团糟。 20. lamp /læmp/ n. 灯 ① turn on/off a lamp 开 / 关灯 I turned on the lamp beside my bed to read a book before sleeping. 我打开床边的台灯，在睡前读一本书。 ② Mum turned off the lamp in the living room after watching TV. 妈妈看完电视后关掉了客厅的灯。 21. catch one’s eye 引起某人注意 【拓展】同义短语：catch one’s attention ① A beautiful painting on the wall caught my eye as soon as I entered the room. 我一进房间，墙上一幅漂亮的画就引起了我的注意。 ② The colorful toy in the window caught the child’s eye. 橱窗里色彩鲜艳的玩具引起了孩子的注意。 22. surprise /səˈpraɪz/ vt. 使惊奇，使感到意外 【拓展】surprised adj. 感到惊讶的；surprising adj. 令人惊讶的 ① surprise sb. 使某人惊奇 Her sudden question surprised everyone in the meeting. 她突然提出的问题让会议上的每个人都吃了一惊。 ② be surprised by sth./sb. 被某事 / 某人惊到 She was surprised by his sudden appearance. 她被他的突然出现惊到了。 ③ surprise sb. with sth. 用某物使某人感到惊喜 He surprised his girlfriend with a bouquet of roses. 他用一束玫瑰花给他女朋友一个惊喜。 23. impossible /ɪmˈpɒsəbl/ adj. 不可能的 【拓展】possible adj. 可能的；impossibly adv. 不可能地；impossibility n. 不可能的事 ① nothing is impossible 没有什么不可能 Climbing this mountain seemed crazy, but we did it. Nothing is impossible! 爬这座山看似疯狂，但我们做到了。没有什么是不可能的！ ② It’s impossible (for sb.) to do sth. 对 (某人) 来说做某事是不可能的 For him, it’s impossible to finish so much homework in an hour. 对他来说，一小时内完成这么多作业不可能。 ③ It’s impossible for us to carry this heavy sofa up to the fifth floor without a lift. 没有电梯的话，我们要把这个重沙发搬到五楼是不可能的。 24. nearly /ˈnɪəli/ adv. 几乎，差不多，将近 【拓展】nearness n. 接近；密切；近似 ① It’s nearly eight o’clock, and we should start our class. 快八点了，我们该开始上课了。 ② The river is nearly 50 meters wide. 这条河差不多 50 米宽。 25. can /kæn/ n. 金属容器，塑料容器 【拓展】can modal v. 能，会 ① a can of ... 一听…… He drank a can of juice after playing sports. 他运动后喝了一听果汁。 ② There’s a can of fish in the fridge for lunch. 冰箱里有一听鱼肉罐头作为午餐。 26. everywhere /ˈevriweə(r)/ adv. & pron. 到处 【拓展】同义短语：here and there ① There are flowers everywhere in the spring garden. 春天的花园里到处是花。 ② People are looking for the lost cat everywhere in the neighborhood. 邻居们在小区里到处找丢失的猫。 27. chalk /tʃɔːk/ n. 粉笔 ① a piece of chalk 一支粉笔 The teacher picked up a piece of chalk and started writing on the blackboard. 老师拿起一支粉笔，开始在黑板上写字。 ② white chalk 白粉笔 Using white chalk, he wrote his name on the wall of the old building. 他用白粉笔在古老建筑的墙上写下了自己的名字。 28. mark /mɑːk/ n. 标记；分数 【拓展】mark v. 做记号，做标记；留下痕迹 ① put a mark on 在…… 上做标记 Put a mark on the map to show our destination. 在地图上做标记显示目的地。 ② The teacher told us to put a mark on the difficult questions. 老师让我们在难题上做个标记。 29. brush /brʌʃ/ n. 刷子；画笔 【拓展】brush v. 刷掉；轻擦 ① The art student carefully chose a brush to start her watercolor painting. 这位艺术生仔细选了一支画笔，开始她的水彩画创作。 ② I used a small brush to clean the dust in the computer keyboard. 我用一把小刷子清理电脑键盘里的灰尘。 30. instructions /ɪnˈstrʌkʃnz/ n. 用法说明 【拓展】instruct vt. 指示；教导 ① follow the instructions 按照用法说明 Follow the instructions on the packet carefully. 仔细按照包装上的用法说明。 ② read the instructions 阅读用法说明 Always read the instructions before you start. 使用前务请阅读用法说明。 31. dangerous /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/ adj. 危险的 【拓展】danger n. 危险 ① dangerous for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是危险的 It would be dangerous for you to stay here. 你待在这儿不安全。 ② dangerous to sb./sth. 对某人或某物危险 The evidence is clear that smoking is dangerous to health. 证据很清楚，吸烟有害健康。 32. usual /ˈjuːʒuəl/ adj. 通常的，寻常的 【拓展】usually adv. 通常 ① as usual 照例；照旧；像往常一样 As usual, she gets up early and goes for a walk in the park. 像往常一样，她早起去公园散步。 ② It is usual for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是很寻常的 It’s usual for students to feel nervous before exams. 学生在考试前感到紧张是很寻常的。 33. tie - dye /ˈtaɪdaɪ/ vt. 扎染 (织物) 【拓展】dye (染色)+tie (系)= tie - dye ① Using natural dyes to tie - dye is popular. 用天然染料扎染很流行。 ② The tie - dye pattern on her dress looks very unique. 她裙子上的扎染图案看起来很独特。 34. method /ˈmeθəd/ n. 方法 ① method of/for ……的方法 There are different methods for cooking this dish. 做这道菜有不同的方法。 ② method to do sth. 做某事的方法 The coach suggested an effective method to improve running speed. 教练提出了一种提高跑步速度的有效方法。 35. not only ... but also ... 不仅…… 而且…… ① Planting trees not only makes the city beautiful but also helps clean the air. 种树不仅让城市变美，还帮助净化空气。 ② This painting competition is special because it not only tests skills but also encourages creativity. 这次绘画比赛很特别，因为它不仅考验技巧，还鼓励创造力。 36. twist /twɪst/ vt. 使扭曲，使弯曲 【拓展】twisted adj. 扭曲的 ① twist ... into ... 扭成…… He tried to twist the wire into a circle. 他试图把金属丝扭成圆形。 ② twist off 拧开 I twisted off the lid and looked inside. 我拧开盖子往里面看。 37. cloth /klɒθ/ n. 布，织物 【拓展】clothes n. 衣服 ① a piece of cloth 一块布 She began cleaning the wound with a piece of cloth. 她开始用一块布清洁伤口。 ② cotton cloth 棉布 In the DIY class, we learned to make a traditional scarf with a piece of cotton cloth. 在手工课上，我们学习用一块棉布制作传统围巾。 38. tie /taɪ/ vt. (用线、绳等) 系，拴，捆 ① tie up 系紧 Tie up your shoelaces! 把你的鞋带系好！ ② tie together 把…… 系在一起 They need to tie the logs together to make a raft. 他们需要把木头捆在一起做一个木筏。 39. thread /θred/ n. 线 ① a thread of ... 一丝；一线 She felt a thread of hope in his encouraging words. 从他鼓励的话语中，她感受到一丝希望。 ② A thread of moonlight came through the window and lit up the room. 一丝月光透过窗户，照亮了房间。 40. dye /daɪ/ vt. 给……染色，染；n. 染料，染液 ① My sister likes to dye her hair different colors every season. 我姐姐喜欢每个季节都把头发染成不同颜色。 ② The factory produces different kinds of dyes. 这家工厂生产不同种类的染料。 41. untie /ʌnˈtaɪ/ vt. 解开 【拓展】反义词：tie vt. (用线、绳等) 系，拴，捆 ① Please untie the package and see what’s inside. 请解开包裹，看看里面有什么。 ② She bent down to untie her shoelaces before taking off her shoes. 她弯腰解开鞋带，然后脱下鞋子。 42. product /ˈprɒdʌkt/ n. 产品 【拓展】production n. 生产；成果；productive adj. 多产的 ① The factory spent a lot of money improving product quality last year. 这家工厂去年花了很多钱提升产品质量。 ② The unique product design of this watch makes it very popular. 这款手表独特的产品设计让它很受欢迎。 43. workshop /ˈwɜːkʃɒp/ n. 作坊 【巧记】work (工作)+shop (商店)= workshop ① The leather workshop in the market sells beautifully handmade bags. 市场里的皮革作坊出售漂亮的手工包。 ② Dad took our broken bike to the repair workshop down the street. 爸爸把我们的坏自行车送到街那头的修理作坊。 44. pattern /ˈpætn/ n. 图案；模式 ① pattern of ... ……的图案；……的模式 I prefer the pattern of this wallpaper to that one because it’s more colorful. 比起那款，我更喜欢这款壁纸的图案，因为它更鲜艳。 ② He has a regular pattern of going to bed early and getting up early. 他有早睡早起的规律模式。 45. clothing /ˈkləʊðɪŋ/ n. 衣服，服装 【拓展】clothes n. 衣服 (常指具体的衣物) ① In some cultures, special clothing is worn during important festivals. 在一些文化中，在重要节日时会穿特殊的服装。 ② Her daily clothing always includes a pair of sports shoes because she loves to walk. 她每天的着装里总是有一双运动鞋，因为她喜欢散步。 46. roll /rəʊl/ n. 卷；管 ① a roll of ... 一卷…… I bought a roll of toilet paper at the supermarket yesterday. 我昨天在超市买了一卷卫生纸。 ② My mother always keeps a roll of paper towels in the kitchen for cleaning up spills. 我妈妈总是在厨房放一卷纸巾，用来清理洒出的液体。 47. reduce /rɪˈdjuːs/ vt. & vi. 减少 【拓展】reduction n. 减少；降低 ① reduce to 减少到……(最终值) The price of the shoes was reduced to 50 yuan. 这双鞋的价格被降低到 50 元。→ 最终价格是 50 元。 ② reduce by 减少了……(幅度) The price of the shoes was reduced by 20 yuan. 这双鞋的价格降低了 20 元。→ 减少了 20 元 (原价未知)。 48. waste /weɪst/ n. 浪费；废料 ① a waste of 浪费…… It’s a waste of time watching too much TV every day. 每天看太多电视是浪费时间。 ② Trying to change his mind when he has made up his mind is a waste of your effort and energy. 当他已经下定决心时，试图改变他的想法是在浪费你的努力和精力。 49. joy /dʒɔɪ/ n. 乐趣；高兴 【拓展】joyful adj. 快乐的；令人愉快的 ① with joy 高兴地；愉快地 The children jumped with joy when they saw the presents. 孩子们看到礼物时高兴得跳了起来。 ② joy in doing sth. 做某事的快乐 Her joy in playing the violin was obvious. 她拉小提琴的快乐显而易见。 50. reason /ˈriːzn/ n. 理由，原因 【拓展】reasonable adj. 合理的，公道的 ① for some reason 由于某种原因；出于某个理由 For some reason, she didn’t show up at the party last night. 出于某种原因，她昨晚没有出现在聚会上。 ② the reason for ... ……的原因 Can you tell me the reason for your absence? 你能告诉我你缺席的原因吗？ 51. result /rɪˈzʌlt/ n. 结果，后果 ① as a result 因此；结果 People cut down too many trees and pollute the river. As a result, many animals lost their homes. 人们砍伐太多树木还污染河流，因此很多动物失去了家园。 ② the result of ... ……的结果 The doctor said her headache was the result of staying up late and not sleeping enough. 医生说她的头痛是熬夜和睡眠不足的结果。 52. glove /ɡlʌv/ n. 手套 ① a pair of gloves 一副手套 Before going out in winter, remember to put on a pair of gloves to keep your hands warm. 冬天出门前，记得戴上一副手套给手保暖。 ② leather glove 皮手套 In winter, my grandfather wears a warm leather glove when he works in the garden. 冬天，我爷爷在花园干活时会戴一副暖和的皮手套。 53. button /ˈbʌtn/ n. 纽扣；按钮 ① press the button 按按钮 The washing machine starts working when you press the button. 当你按下按钮时，洗衣机就开始工作了。 ② the shirt button 衬衫纽扣 He bent down to pick up the shirt button that fell on the floor. 他弯腰捡起掉在地上的衬衫纽扣。 54. onto /ˈɒntə/ prep. 到……上，向……上 ① jump onto ... 跳到……上 A squirrel jumped onto the branch and disappeared into the leaves. 一只松鼠跳到树枝上，消失在了树叶里。 ② put onto ... 放到…… 上 Please put the plates onto the table before we start dinner. 开饭前请把盘子放到桌子上。 55. finger /ˈfɪŋɡə(r)/ n. (手套的) 指部，手指 ① finger - counting 用手指计算；扳着指头算 When he was a little boy, he always used finger - counting to solve simple math problems. 当他还是个小男孩的时候，他总是用扳手指的方法解决简单的数学问题。 ② finger – print 指纹 The police found his finger - print at the crime scene. 警方在犯罪现场发现了他的指纹。 56. sew /səʊ/ vt. 缝制 ① sew ... up 缝合；缝补 My mom always sews up the holes in my socks with a needle and thread. 我妈妈总是用针线把我的袜子上的破洞缝补好。 ② sew clothes 缝制衣服 She wants to sew her own clothes because she loves unique designs. 她想自己缝制衣服，因为她喜欢独特的设计。     学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$