精品解析：福建省仙游第一中学2024～2025学年高一上学期期中质量检测英语试题

2024~2025福建省仙游第一中学高一上学期期中质量检测英语 试卷满分：150 分 考试时间：120分钟 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What will the speakers do this weekend?​ A. Visit a robot exhibition​ B. Attend a traditional craft fair​ C. Have a picnic in the countryside​ 2.How does the girl feel about her new English teacher?​ A. Nervous​ B. Excited​ C. Disappointed​ 3.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?​ A. Classmates​ B. Teacher and student​ C. Shop assistant and customer​ 4.When will the school's online lecture start?​ A. At 7:00 p.m.​ B. At 7:30 p.m.​ C At 8:00 p.m.​ 5.What does the boy plan to do after school?​ A. Join a drama club​ B. Do some volunteer work​ C. Prepare for the math exam​ 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）​ 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。​ 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。​ 6.Why does the girl want to change her major?​ A. She finds it difficult.​ B. She is not interested in it.​ C. She wants to get a better job.​ 7.What does the boy suggest the girl do?​ A. Talk to her parents.​ B. Take some related courses first.​ C. Give up the idea of changing major.​ 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。​ 8.What does the girl think of the new school cafeteria?​ A. The food is expensive​ B. The seats are uncomfortable​ C. The menu changes too slowly​ 9.When does the cafeteria offer discount meals?​ A. On Mondays​ B. On Wednesdays​ C. On Fridays 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。​ 10.Where did the boy go during the vacation?​ A. To a mountain village​ B. To a big city​ C. To a coastal town​ 11.What did the boy do there?​ A. He helped with farm work.​ B. He visited many museums.​ C. He went surfing every day.​ 12.How long did the boy stay there?​ A. For a week​ B. For two weeks​ C. For three weeks​ 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。​ 13.What is the topic of the school's upcoming activity?​ A. Environmental protection​ B. Cultural exchange​ C. Science and technology​ 14.When will the activity be held?​ A. Next Monday​ B. Next Tuesday​ C. Next Wednesday​ 15.What will the students do in the activity?​ A. Give speeches​ B. Perform plays​ C. Hold a debate​ 16.How many students will take part in it from each class?​ A. 2​ B. 3​ C. 4​ 听第10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。​ 17.What is the main purpose of the school's "Green Week" activity?​ A. To collect recyclable waste​ B. To promote environmental awareness​ C. To plant more trees on campus​ 18.What activity will be held on Tuesday afternoon?​ A. A lecture on renewable energy​ B. A tree-planting event​ C. A recycling workshop​ 19.Who will give the lecture on Wednesday?​ A. A biology teacher​ B. An environmental expert​ C. A student from Grade 12​ 20.What prize can students get for winning the recycling contest?​ A. A set of eco-friendly stationery​ B. A certificate and a book​ C. A free trip to a nature reserve 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A The following are four famous cities in the world.​ New York City New York City, the largest city in the United States, is a global (全球的) center of business, entertainment, and culture. With iconic landmarks such as the Empire State Building, Times Square, and the Statue of Liberty, it attracts millions of tourists every year. The city is also home to world-class museums, theaters, and restaurants. Paris Paris, the capital of France, is known as the “City of Light” and the “Fashion Capital of the World”. It is famous for its romantic atmosphere, beautiful architecture, and world-renowned art galleries like the Louvre. The Eiffel Tower, one of the most famous landmarks in the world, is also located in Paris.​ Tokyo​ Tokyo, the capital of Japan, is a modern metropolis that seamlessly blends traditional Japanese culture with cutting-edge technology. It is a vibrant city with a bustling nightlife, excellent cuisine, and a wide range of shopping opportunities. The city is also home to many historic temples and shrines.​ Sydney​ Sydney, the largest city in Australia, is famous for its beautiful beaches, such as Bondi Beach, and the iconic Sydney Opera House. The city offers a great outdoor lifestyle, with many opportunities for water sports, hiking, and enjoying the sunshine. It also has a rich cultural scene, with numerous art galleries, museums, and festivals.​ 1. Which city is known as the “Fashion Capital of the World”?​ A. New York City.​ B. Paris.​ C. Tokyo.​ D. Sydney.​ 2. What is Tokyo famous for?​ A. Its romantic atmosphere.​ B. Its beautiful beaches.​ C. Blending traditional culture with modern technology.​ D. Its world-class museums.​ 3. If you want to enjoy water sports, which city is the best choice?​ A. New York City.​ B. Paris.​ C. Tokyo.​ D. Sydney. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了世界四个著名城市的特点。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Paris部分中“Paris, the capital of France, is known as the “City of Light” and the “Fashion Capital of the World”.(法国首都巴黎被誉为“光之城”和“世界时尚之都”。)”可知，巴黎被称为“世界时尚之都”。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Tokyo部分中“Tokyo, the capital of Japan, is a modern metropolis that seamlessly blends traditional Japanese culture with cutting-edge technology.(东京是日本的首都，是一座将日本传统文化与尖端技术完美融合的现代大都市。)”可知，东京以将传统文化与现代技术融合而闻名。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Sydney部分中“The city offers a great outdoor lifestyle, with many opportunities for water sports, hiking, and enjoying the sunshine.(这座城市提供了很棒的户外生活方式，有很多机会进行水上运动、徒步旅行和享受阳光。)”可知，如果你想享受水上运动，悉尼是最好的选择。故选D。 B I’m Jack, a sophomore whose life flipped upside down last month.​ Weekdays once hummed with routine: 6:30 a.m. alarms, Mom’s blueberry oatmeal, biking to school past dog walkers. English with Ms. Hernandez was my anchor — her tattered To Kill a Mockingbird taught me stories reveal truths. After school, basketball glued me to Tyler, my best friend; we dreamed of regional finals glory.​ Then Mom texted during class: Dad’s in the hospital, heart attack. He’d be out of work for months, and his mechanic shop paid our bills. I quit the team for a 5 a.m. grocery store job. Tyler yelled, “We’re two weeks from finals!” We stopped speaking.​ Now I stock shelves till 7:30, bike to school reeking of detergent, then rush to the hospital. Dad jokes about my “fancy job” while I read him sports news, but by 8 p.m., I’m too drained for homework. Grades slipped; Ms. Hernandez noticed, but pride silenced me.​ Last Saturday, Dad and I watched our team lose the finals. Tyler, off his game, missed the winning layup (上篮) — staring into the camera like he sought me. “Basketball’s about showing up,” Dad said.​ This morning, I texted Tyler: Sorry. Talk? I told Ms. Hernandez everything. “Detours teach you to keep going,” she said, giving me her Mockingbird. Tyler held a ball at his locker: “Coach saved your spot.” The trophy can wait. Some things — friendship, finding yourself — are worth the mess.​ 4. What changed Jack’s routine last month? A. He failed the English exam. B. His father had a heart attack. C. He quit the basketball team. D His family moved to a new place. 5. Why did Jack stop speaking to Tyler? A. Tyler laughed at his part-time job. B. They argued about the regional finals. C. Jack quit the team before the important game. D. Tyler missed the winning layup in the finals. 6. What can we learn about Ms. Hernandez? A. She is strict with her students. B. She gave Jack a new storybook. C. She noticed Jack’s falling grades. D. She forced Jack to talk about his problems. 7. What does the underlined word “Detours” in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Unexpected difficulties. B. Interesting experiences. C. Important decisions. D. Wonderful dreams. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了杰克因父亲生病生活发生巨变，后重拾友谊和自我的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Then Mom texted during class: Dad’s in the hospital, heart attack. He’d be out of work for months, and his mechanic shop paid our bills. I quit the team for a 5 a.m. grocery store job.(然而，那天妈妈在课堂上发来短信：爸爸住院了，心脏病发作。他将数月无法工作，而他的汽修店是我们家的经济支柱。为了挑起生活的重担，我退出了篮球队，转而在一家杂货店做起了凌晨5点上班的工作。)”可知，杰克的父亲心脏病发作使杰克上个月的生活发生了改变。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“I quit the team for a 5 a.m. grocery store job. Tyler yelled, “We’re two weeks from finals!” We stopped speaking.(我为了在早上5点的杂货店工作而退出了球队。泰勒喊道：“离决赛还有两周！”我们不再说话了。)”可知，杰克在重要比赛前退出了球队，所以杰克和泰勒不再说话了。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Grades slipped; Ms. Hernandez noticed, but pride silenced me.(成绩下滑了；埃尔南德斯女士注意到了，但自尊心让我保持沉默。)”可知，埃尔南德斯女士注意到了杰克成绩下滑。故选C。 【7题详解】 词句猜测题。根据上文“I told Ms. Hernandez everything. “Detours teach you to keep going,” she said, giving me her Mockingbird. Tyler held a ball at his locker: “Coach saved your spot.” The trophy can wait. Some things — friendship, finding yourself — are worth the mess.(我把一切都告诉了埃尔南德斯老师。“Detours教会你如何继续前行，”她说着，把她的《Mockingbird》送给了我。泰勒在他的储物柜旁拿着一个篮球：“教练给你留了位置。”奖杯可以等一等。有些东西——比如友谊、自我发现——值得经历这些波折。)”可知，杰克把自己的困难都告诉了埃尔南德斯女士，后者安慰杰克说：“这些困难波折教会你如何继续前行。”故Detours意思是“意外的困难”。故选A。 C The Yerkes-Dodson Law, proposed by psychologists Robert Yerkes and John Dodson in 1908, explores the relationship between motivation intensity and task performance. Its core insight is that this relationship follows an inverted U-shaped curve: performance improves with increasing motivation up to a certain point, after which excessive motivation leads to a decline.​ For simple or well-practiced tasks, a higher level of motivation tends to enhance performance. For example, routine data entry benefits from strong focus driven by high motivation. In contrast, complex tasks requiring creativity or problem-solving — such as scientific research or artistic creation — peak at moderate motivation. Too much pressure here can trigger anxiety, impairing cognitive flexibility.​ Notably, individual differences matter. Factors like experience, personality, and task familiarity shift the optimal motivation level. A seasoned athlete might thrive under intense pressure in a championship, while a novice could crumble.​ This law has practical implications. Educators can adjust teaching pressure based on task difficulty, and managers can tailor motivation strategies to task complexity. Recognizing this balance helps individuals and organizations optimize performance by aligning motivation with challenge. 8. What is the core idea of the Yerkes-Dodson Law? A. Higher motivation always leads to better performance. B. Motivation and performance have an inverted U-shaped relationship. C. Simple tasks require lower motivation than complex ones. D. Individual differences have no influence on task performance. 9. For which task would high motivation be most helpful? A. Writing a creative story B. Conducting a scientific experiment C. Doing routine office filing D. Designing a new product 10. Why does excessive motivation harm performance in complex tasks? A. It reduces focus on details. B. It causes anxiety and limits cognitive flexibility. C. It makes people ignore individual differences. D. It leads to overconfidence in problem-solving. 11. What can we infer from the passage? A. Novice athletes perform best under high pressure. B. The optimal motivation level is the same for all people. C. Educators can use the law to adjust teaching methods. D. Complex tasks benefit more from high motivation than simple ones. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了心理学家罗伯特·耶基斯和约翰·多德森于1908年提出的耶基斯-多德森定律，该定律探讨了动机强度与任务表现之间的关系，并说明了此定律在教育和管理等领域的实际意义。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Its core insight is that this relationship follows an inverted U-shaped curve: performance improves with increasing motivation up to a certain point, after which excessive motivation leads to a decline. (其核心观点是，这种关系遵循倒U形曲线：表现随着动机的增加而提高，直到达到一定程度，之后过度动机会导致表现下降。)”可知，耶基斯 - 多德森定律的核心观点是动机和表现呈倒U形关系。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“For simple or well-practiced tasks, a higher level of motivation tends to enhance performance. For example, routine data entry benefits from strong focus driven by high motivation. (对于简单或熟练的任务，较高的动机水平往往会提高表现。例如，常规的数据录入受益于高动机带来的高度专注。)”可知，做常规的办公室归档工作属于简单或熟练的任务，高动机对此最有帮助。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“In contrast, complex tasks requiring creativity or problem-solving — such as scientific research or artistic creation—peak at moderate motivation. Too much pressure here can trigger anxiety, impairing cognitive flexibility. (相比之下，需要创造力或解决问题的复杂任务，如科学研究或艺术创作，在适度动机时达到最佳状态。这里压力过大会引发焦虑，损害认知灵活性。)”可知，在复杂任务中，过度动机会引发焦虑，损害认知灵活性，从而影响表现，故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“This law has practical implications. Educators can adjust teaching pressure based on task difficulty, and managers can tailor motivation strategies to task complexity. (这个定律有实际意义。教育者可以根据任务难度调整教学压力，管理者可以根据任务复杂程度定制动机策略。)”可知，教育者可以利用这个定律调整教学方法。故选C。 D A notable study by Princeton University and UCLA researchers explores how note-taking methods affect academic performance, finding that handwritten note-takers consistently outperform laptop users in exams.​ The study included 150 undergraduates split into two groups, both attending 45-minute lectures on introductory psychology and astrophysics — subjects blending facts and reasoning. One group used notebooks, the other laptops with no note-taking restrictions.​ Post-lecture results were clear: handwritten note-takers scored 18% higher on comprehension questions and 12% higher on recall tasks. A week later, for long-term retention, the gap grew to 23%, showing deeper processing.​ Researchers point to differing cognitive processes. Handwriting’s slower pace demands active synthesis: filtering key ideas, rephrasing concepts, and linking new info to existing knowledge — strengthening memory pathways. Laptop users often transcribe verbatim (一字不差地), engaging in “shallow processing” without parsing meaning.​ Notably, note length didn’t correlate with performance; top-scoring handwritten notes were concise, focusing on core principles. This highlights the quality of engagement over quantity.​ These findings matter for education. With digital tools prevalent, educators might encourage handwritten notes for complex subjects, using laptops for rapid data entry. Ultimately, the study emphasizes that learning flourishes in active, mindful engagement, not passive consumption. 12. What is the main finding of the study by Princeton University and UCLA researchers? A. Laptop note-takers write longer notes than handwritten note-takers. B. Handwritten note-takers perform better in exams than laptop users. C. Note-taking methods have no significant effect on academic performance. D. Students prefer digital note-taking tools over traditional notebooks. 13. What subjects were included in the lectures for the study? A. Introductory psychology and astrophysics B. Mathematics and computer science C. History and literature D. Biology and chemistry 14. Why do handwritten note-takers achieve better results according to the researchers? A. They write more detailed notes. B. They can review notes more easily. C. They engage in active synthesis of information. D. They spend more time on note-taking during lectures. 15. What does the study emphasize about effective learning? A. Using digital tools for all types of note-taking B. Writing as many notes as possible during lectures C. Active and mindful engagement rather than passive consumption D. Focusing on recall tasks rather than comprehension questions 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了普林斯顿大学和UCLA研究发现手写记笔记者考试表现优于用笔记本电脑者，强调主动学习的重要性。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“A notable study by Princeton University and UCLA researchers explores how note-taking methods affect academic performance, finding that handwritten note-takers consistently outperform laptop users in exams.(普林斯顿大学和加州大学洛杉矶分校的研究人员进行了一项引人注目的研究，探讨了记笔记方式如何影响学习成绩，发现手写记笔记的人在考试中一直比使用笔记本电脑的人表现更好。)”可知，研究的主要发现是手写记笔记的人在考试中比使用笔记本电脑的人表现更好，故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The study included 150 undergraduates split into two groups, both attending 45-minute lectures on introductory psychology and astrophysics—subjects blending facts and reasoning.(这项研究包括 150 名本科生，他们被分成两组，都参加了 45 分钟的基础心理学和天体物理学讲座 —— 这些科目融合了事实和推理。)”可知，讲座包含的科目是基础心理学和天体物理学，故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Researchers point to differing cognitive processes. Handwriting’s slower pace demands active synthesis: filtering key ideas, rephrasing concepts, and linking new info to existing knowledge — strengthening memory pathways.(研究人员指出了不同的认知过程。手写的较慢速度需要积极的整合：筛选关键观点、重新表述概念以及将新信息与现有知识联系起来 —— 这加强了记忆路径。)”可知，记笔记的人成绩更好是因为他们积极整合信息，故选C。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段“Ultimately, the study emphasizes that learning flourishes in active, mindful engagement, not passive consumption.(最终，这项研究强调，学习在积极、用心的参与中才能蓬勃发展，而不是在被动的接受中。)可知，该研究强调有效学习是积极且用心的参与而非被动的接受，故选C。 第二节(共5 小题;每小题2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Waste sorting, a practice gaining global momentum, involves separating different types of garbage to facilitate recycling and reduce environmental harm. Its core goal is to turn “trash” into resources, but many people overlook its broader impacts. ___16___. For instance, proper sorting can cut down the amount of waste sent to landfills, thus reducing soil and water pollution. ___17___. Rules are not universal — what counts as “recyclable” in one city might be labeled “residual waste(其他垃圾)” in another. In Beijing, for example, plastic bottles go into recyclables, but in some rural areas, they may be mixed with other waste due to limited processing facilities. It’s crucial to check local guidelines first. Once you know the basics, focus on mastering key categories. Recyclables, such as paper, glass, and metal, are the most familiar. ___18___. This not only saves raw materials but also reduces energy consumption in manufacturing new products. Kitchen waste, like vegetable peels and leftover rice, is another important category; it can be converted into nutrient-rich compost for plants. Hazardous waste is often the trickiest. Items like batteries, paint cans, and expired medicines contain toxic substances that can leach into the environment. Even small amounts, if mixed with other waste, can contaminate entire batches during processing. ___19___. Making waste sorting a habit takes time, but small steps work. Start by placing two bins at home: one for recyclables and one for other waste. Gradually add more as you get comfortable. ___20___. Over time, this simple act will become second nature, and you’ll take pride in contributing to a greener planet. A. Improper sorting, however, can make recycling processes less efficient B. It also plays a vital role in protecting public health C. Many schools now teach students about waste sorting from an early age D. These items must be disposed of through special channels to avoid environmental damage E. Recycling a single aluminum can saves enough energy to power a TV for three hours F. You can also join community workshops to learn tips from experienced residents G. The first step is to understand local classification standards 【答案】16. B 17. G 18. E 19. D 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了垃圾分类的意义、方法及养成习惯的建议。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Its core goal is to turn “trash” into resources, but many people overlook its broader impacts.(其核心目标是将 “垃圾” 转化为资源，但许多人忽视了它更广泛的影响。)”以及下文“For instance, proper sorting can cut down the amount of waste sent to landfills, thus reducing soil and water pollution.(例如，正确分类可以减少送往垃圾填埋场的垃圾量，从而减少土壤和水污染。)”可知，空格处应承接上文提到的 “更广泛的影响”，并引出下文关于减少污染的例子，B项 “它在保护公众健康方面也起着至关重要的作用” 符合语境，既体现了广泛影响，也与下文的环保影响相关联，故选B项。 【17题详解】 根据下文“Rules are not universal — what counts as “recyclable” in one city might be labeled “residual waste” in another.(规则并非通用 —— 在一个城市被视为 “可回收” 的东西，在另一个城市可能被标记为 “其他垃圾”。)”可知，空格处应引出关于垃圾分类规则具有地域性这一内容，G项 “第一步是了解当地的分类标准” 能够很好地引出下文对不同地区规则差异的说明，符合语境，故选G项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Recyclables, such as paper, glass, and metal, are the most familiar.(可回收物，如纸张、玻璃和金属，是最常见的。)”以及下文“This not only saves raw materials but also reduces energy consumption in manufacturing new products.(这不仅节省了原材料，还降低了制造新产品的能源消耗。)”可知，空格处应举例说明回收可回收物的好处，E项 “回收一个铝罐节省的能量足以让一台电视运行三个小时” 具体体现了回收的节能效果，与下文内容相呼应，符合语境，故选E项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Hazardous waste is often the trickiest. Items like batteries, paint cans, and expired medicines contain toxic substances that can leach into the environment. Even small amounts, if mixed with other waste, can contaminate entire batches during processing.(危险废物往往是最棘手的。电池、油漆罐和过期药品等物品含有有毒物质，会渗入环境中。即使是少量，如果与其他废物混合，在处理过程中也会污染整批废物。)”可知，空格处应说明危险废物的正确处理方式，D项 “这些物品必须通过特殊渠道处理，以避免环境损害” 符合语境，承接上文对危险废物危害的描述，给出了相应的处理办法，故选D项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Making waste sorting a habit takes time, but small steps work. Start by placing two bins at home: one for recyclables and one for other waste. Gradually add more as you get comfortable.(养成垃圾分类的习惯需要时间，但小步骤会起作用。先在家里放两个垃圾桶：一个放可回收物，一个放其他垃圾。当你适应后，逐渐增加更多垃圾桶。)”可知，空格处应继续说明养成垃圾分类习惯的其他方法，F项 “你也可以参加社区研讨会，向有经验的居民学习技巧” 是另一种可行的方法，与上文的步骤相呼应，符合语境，故选F项。 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15 小题;每小题1分，满分15 分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I was in primary school, I got into a major argument with a boy in my class. I can’t ____21____ what it was about, but I have never forgotten the ____22____ I learned that day. I was ____23____ that I was right and he was wrong — and he was sure that I was wrong and he was right. The ____24____ decided to teach us a very important lesson. She ____25____ both of us up to the ____26____ of the class and ____27____ him on one side of her desk and me on ____28____. In the middle of her desk was a large, round object. I could ____29____ see that it was black. She asked the boy what ____30____ the object was. “White,” he answered.​ I couldn’t believe he said the object was white, ____31____ it was obviously black! Another ____32____ started between my classmate and me, this ____33____ about the color of the object. The teacher told me to go stand where the boy was standing and told him to come stand where I had been. We changed ____34____, and now she asked me what the color of the object was. I had to answer, “White.” It was an object with two ____35____ colored sides, and from his side it was white. Only from my side was it black.​ My teacher taught me a very important lesson that day: You must stand in the other person’s shoes and look at the situation through their eyes in order to truly understand their perspective.​ 21. A. think B. remember C. remind D. determine​ 22. A. class B. speech C. text D. lesson​ 23. A. told B. wished C. convinced D. allowed​ 24. A. officer B. worker C. doctor D. teacher​ 25. A. woke B. brought C. advised D. came​ 26. A. front B. back C. middle D. side​ 27. A. planted B. placed C. had D. fixed​ 28. A. the other B. other C. another D. others​ 29. A. happily B. luckily C. clearly D. nearly​ 30. A. width B. shape C. color D. size​ 31. A. when B. unless C. until D. if​ 32. A. fight B. argument C. conversation D. game​ 33 A. day B. time C. chance D. month​ 34. A. attitudes B. seats C. places D. glasses​ 35. A. similarly B. differently C. beautifully D. surprisingly 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. B 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆小学时与同学因观点不同而发生争论，老师通过一个黑白两色的特殊物体，让他们明白了站在他人角度看问题才能真正理解别人的道理。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不记得争论是关于什么的，但我永远不会忘记那天学到的教训。A. think思考；B. remember记得；C. remind提醒；D. determine决定。根据后半句“but I have never forgotten”可知，此处是指不记得争论内容。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不记得争论是关于什么的，但我永远不会忘记那天学到的教训。A. class班级；B. speech演讲；C. text文本，课本；D. lesson教训，课。根据第二段中“decided to teach us a very important lesson”以及最后一段中“My teacher taught me a very important lesson that day”可知，此处是指学到的教训，lesson符合语境。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坚信自己是对的，他是错的——而他确信我是错的，他是对的。A. told告诉；B. wished希望；C. convinced使确信，坚信；D. allowed允许。根据空后“I was right and he was wrong — and he was sure that I was wrong and he was right”可知，此处指作者坚信自己是对的，对方是错的。be convinced that是固定表达，表示“坚信……”。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师决定给我们上非常重要的一课。A. officer官员，军官；B. worker工人；C. doctor医生；D. teacher老师。根据上文“When I was in primary school, I got into a major argument with a boy in my class.”以及后文“decided to teach us a very important lesson”可知，此处指的是学校中的老师。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把我们俩带到教室前面，让他站在讲桌一侧，我站在另一侧。A. woke唤醒，醒来；B. brought带来，带……到某处；C. advised建议；D. came来。根据下文“him on one side of her desk and me on ____8____”可知，老师把作者及其同学带到自己办公桌旁。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她把我们俩带到教室前面，让他站在讲桌一侧，我站在另一侧。A. front前面；B. back后面；C. middle中间；D. side边。根据教学场景“of the class”以及常识可知，此处表示老师把学生带到教室前面，the front of表示“……的前面”。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把我们俩带到教室前面，让他在讲桌一侧，我在另一侧。A. planted种植；B. placed放置，使处于；C. had有，让 ；D. fixed修理，固定。根据下文“ him on one side of her desk and me on (他在讲桌一侧，而我)”可知，此处表示老师让他在讲桌一侧，placed符合语境。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查代词词义辨析。句意：她把我们俩带到教室前面，让他站在讲桌一侧，我站在另一侧。A. the other两者中的另一个 ；B. other其他的；C. another另一个；D. others其他人或物。根据“him on one side of her desk and me on (他在讲桌一侧，而我)”可知，此处表示的是两侧中的另一侧，两位学生站在讲台的两侧 。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我能清楚地看到它是黑色的。A. happily开心地；B. luckily幸运地；C. clearly清楚地；D. nearly几乎。根据下一段第一句“I couldn’t believe he said the object was white (我不敢相信他居然说物体是白色的)”和“it was obviously black (它明显是黑色)”可知，作者清楚地看到是黑色。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她问男孩这个物体是什么颜色。A. width宽度；B. shape形状；C. color颜色；D. size尺寸。根据后文““White,” he answered. (他回答 “白色” )”可知，老师问的是颜色。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：我不敢相信他居然说这个物体是白色的，既然它明显是黑色的！A. when当……时，既然，考虑到；B. unless除非；C. until直到；D. if如果。根据“I couldn’t believe he said the object was white (我不敢相信他居然说物体是白色的)”和“it was obviously black (它明显是黑色)”可知，既然作者明显看到是黑色，所以不敢信对方说白色，when有“既然”之意 。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和同学之间又开始了一场争论，这次是关于这个物体的颜色。A. fight打架；B. argument争论；C. conversation对话；D. game游戏。根据第一段“got into a major argument (发生大争论)”以及此处“about the color of the object (关于这个物体的颜色)”可知，此处表示的是又一场争论。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和同学之间又开始了一场争论，这次是关于物体颜色的。A. day天；B. time次，时间；C. chance机会；D. month月。根据第一段“got into a major argument (发生大争论)”以及上文“Another __12__ started between my classmate and me”可知，此处表示作者和同学又开始了争论，即有一次争论开始了，time有“次”的含义。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们交换了位置，现在她问我这个物体是什么颜色。A. attitudes态度；B. seats座位；C. places位置；D. glasses眼镜。根据“The teacher told me to go stand where the boy was standing and told him to come stand where I had been (老师让我站到男孩的位置，让他来站在我的位置)”可知，此处表示两人交换位置。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这是一个有两个不同颜色面的物体，从他那边看是白色的，只有从我这边看是黑色的。A. similarly相似地；B. differently不同地；C. beautifully漂亮地；D. surprisingly令人惊讶地。根据下文“from his side it was white. Only from my side was it black (从他那边看是白色的，只有从我这边看是黑色的)”可知，这个物体有不同颜色面，differently修饰colored，表“不同颜色地”，符合语境。故选B项。 第二节(共10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Internet has become an ___36___(importance) part of our daily lives. It has changed the way we communicate, learn, and do business. With the development of technology, the Internet is becoming faster ___37___ more reliable.​ One of the ___38___(great) advantages of the Internet is that it allows us to access information ___39___(easy) from all over the world. We can search for answers to our questions, read news, watch videos, and listen to music. The Internet has also made it easier for people ___40___(connect) with each other. We can communicate with friends and family members who live far away through social media platforms, email, and video calls. However, the Internet also has its ___41___(drawback). There is a lot of false information on the Internet, and it can be difficult to tell what is true and what is not. Additionally, there are concerns about privacy and security. Hackers can steal our personal information, and online scams are becoming increasingly ___42___(common).​ To make the most of the Internet, we need to use it ___43___(responsible). We should be careful about the information we share online and make sure we are using ___44___(rely) sources. It’s also important to protect our privacy and security by using strong passwords and avoiding ____45____(click) on suspicious links. 【答案】36. important 37. and 38. greatest 39. easily 40. to connect 41. drawbacks 42. common 43. responsibly 44. reliable 45. clicking 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了互联网已经成为日常生活非常重要的一部分，它带来了便捷，也带来了暗藏的危险。因此，在享受互联网便利的同时，需警惕其风险并采取防范措施。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：互联网已经成为我们日常生活中非常重要的一部分。所填应是形容词，作定语，修饰名词“part”。“importance”，名词，意为“重要性”，其形容词形式为“important(重要的)”。故填important。 【37题详解】 考查并列连词。句意：随着技术的发展，互联网正变得越来越快且更加可靠。分析可知，“faster”与“more reliable”为并列关系，用并列连词and连接。故填and。 【38题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：互联网的一大显著优势在于，它使我们能够容易地获取来自世界各地的信息。“one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数”，意为“最……之一”。故填greatest。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：互联网的一大显著优势在于，它使我们能够容易地获取来自世界各地的信息。分析可知，这里应是用副词作状语，修饰动词“access”；结合句意可推知，此处表达“网络使我们更容易获得信息”含义，“easily”为副词，意为“容易地”，符合语境。故填easily。 【40题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：互联网也让人们能够更方便地彼此联系。“make it+adj. for sb. to do”为固定短语，意为“使某人做某事怎么样”，其中“it”为形式宾语，“for sb. to do”为真正宾语。故填to connect。 【41题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：然而，互联网也有其缺点。“its”为形容词性物主代词，作名词的定语，因此所填应是名词，作宾语。“drawback”，可数名词，意为“缺点”，结合语境，这里用复数形式。故填drawbacks。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：黑客可以窃取我们的个人信息，网络诈骗正变得越来越普遍。所填应是形容词，作“are becoming”的表语。“common”，形容词，意为“常见的，普遍的”。故填common。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：为了充分利用互联网，我们需要负责任地使用它。此处用副词作状语，修饰动词“use”。“responsible”，形容词，意为“负责的”，其副词形式为“responsibly(负责地)”。故填responsibly。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我们应该小心我们在网上分享的信息，并确保我们使用的是可靠的来源。所填应是形容词，作定语，修饰名词“sources”。“rely”，动词，意为“依赖，依靠”，其形容词形式为“reliable(可靠的)”。故填reliable。 【45题详解】 考查动名词作宾语。句意：我们还应当通过使用强密码以及避免点击可疑链接来保护我们的隐私和安全。“avoid doing”，固定短语，意为“避免做某事”，动名词作宾语。故填clicking。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友 Tom 对中国的传统节日春节很感兴趣，请你给他写一封电子邮件，介绍春节。内容包括：​ 1.春节时间及意义；​ 2.春节的主要庆祝活动，如家庭团聚、吃年夜饭、放鞭炮等；​ 3.邀请他来中国体验春节。 注意： 1.词数 80 左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Tom, I know you are interested in the Spring Festival, so I'm writing to tell you something about it. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes Li Hua 【答案】参考范文 Dear Tom, I know you are interested in the Spring Festival, so I’m writing to tell you something about it. The Spring Festival falls on the first day of the lunar new year, symbolizing new beginnings and family reunion. On this day, families gather for a big dinner, with dishes like dumplings and fish. People also set off firecrackers to drive away bad luck. I sincerely invite you to China next year to experience the joy of the Spring Festival with my family. Best wishes, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于介绍信。要求考生给英国笔友Tom写封邮件，介绍中国的春节，内容包括春节的时间和意义，以及主要的庆祝活动，并邀请他来中国体验春节。 【详解】1. 词汇积累： 象征、代表：symbolize→stand for 放鞭炮：set off firecrackers→light firecrackers 运气：luck→fortune 快乐：joy→delight 2. 句式拓展： 同义句转换： 原句：The Spring Festival falls on the first day of the lunar new year, symbolizing new beginnings and family reunion. 拓展句：The Spring Festival falls on the first day of the lunar new year, which symbolizes new beginnings and family reunion. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I know you are interested in the Spring Festival, so I’m writing to tell you something about it.（运用了省略连接词that的宾语从句和） 【高分句型2】I sincerely invite you to China next year to experience the joy of the Spring Festival with my family.（运用了动词不定式作目的状语） 第二节 续写写作(25分) 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 Last Saturday, Mike decided to go hiking in the nearby mountain with his dog Max. It was a beautiful day, with the sun shining brightly and birds singing in the trees. Mike packed some water, snacks, and a map, then set off with Max running happily beside him.​ They walked along the path, enjoying the fresh air and the beautiful scenery. After walking for about an hour, Mike found a nice spot to rest. He sat down on a rock, took out the snacks, and shared some with Max. Suddenly, Max started barking loudly and ran towards the deep forest. “Max, come back!” Mike shouted, but Max didn’t stop. Mike had to run after him.​ After running for a while, Mike realized he was lost. He couldn’t see the path anymore, and the trees around were so dense that he could hardly tell the direction. He felt a little anxious, so he took out his phone, only to find there was no signal. Just as he didn't know what to do, he heard Max's barking again, but this time it sounded weaker.​ 注意： 1.所续写短文的词数应为 100 左右； 2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Mike followed the sound of barking and walked carefully through the trees. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Just then, Mike heard some voices not far away. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： Mike followed the sound of barking and walked carefully through the trees. The undergrowth was thick, and he tripped over roots several times. After ten minutes, he spotted Max, lying beside a small cave, whimpering. “Max!” Mike called, rushing over. The dog had hurt its paw. Mike gently wrapped it with his scarf, feeling relieved but still lost. Just then, Mike heard some voices not far away. He shouted for help, and soon two hikers appeared. They noticed that he was absent, and they were searching. With their help, Mike carried Max back to the path. By dusk, they reached the hill. Mike felt grateful — this adventure taught him to stay calm and trust his loyal friend. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。讲述了上周六，Mike带狗Max去远足，Max跑进森林，Mike追丢后迷路，手机没信号时听到Max微弱叫声，最终他们得以安全回归的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“Mike顺着狗叫的声音小心地穿过树林。”可知，第一段可描写Mike找到Max的经过。 ②由第二段首句内容“就在这时，Mike听到不远处有人说话。”可知，第二段可描写Mike和狗最终获救的过程。 2.续写线索：听到狗叫——循声寻找——找到狗狗——狗狗受伤——获得帮助——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①绊倒：trip over/stumble over ②发现：spot/find/see ③冲过去：rush over/dash over/hurry over 情绪类 ①感到宽慰的：relieved/comforted/eased ②感激的：grateful/thankful/appreciative 【点睛】[高分句型1] After ten minutes, he spotted Max, lying beside a small cave, whimpering.（运用了现在分词作状语） [高分句型2] They noticed that he was absent, and they were searching. （运用了that引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024~2025福建省仙游第一中学高一上学期期中质量检测英语 试卷满分：150 分 考试时间：120分钟 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What will the speakers do this weekend?​ A. Visit a robot exhibition​ B. Attend a traditional craft fair​ C. Have a picnic in the countryside​ 2.How does the girl feel about her new English teacher?​ A. Nervous​ B. Excited​ C. Disappointed​ 3.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?​ A. Classmates​ B. Teacher and student​ C. Shop assistant and customer​ 4.When will the school's online lecture start?​ A. At 7:00 p.m.​ B. At 7:30 p.m.​ C. At 8:00 p.m.​ 5.What does the boy plan to do after school?​ A. Join a drama club​ B. Do some volunteer work​ C. Prepare for the math exam​ 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）​ 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。​ 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。​ 6.Why does the girl want to change her major?​ A. She finds it difficult.​ B. She is not interested in it.​ C. She wants to get a better job.​ 7.What does the boy suggest the girl do?​ A. Talk to her parents.​ B. Take some related courses first.​ C. Give up the idea of changing major.​ 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。​ 8.What does the girl think of the new school cafeteria?​ A. The food is expensive​ B. The seats are uncomfortable​ C. The menu changes too slowly​ 9.When does the cafeteria offer discount meals?​ A. On Mondays​ B. On Wednesdays​ C. On Fridays 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。​ 10.Where did the boy go during the vacation?​ A. To a mountain village​ B. To a big city​ C. To a coastal town​ 11.What did the boy do there?​ A. He helped with farm work.​ B. He visited many museums.​ C. He went surfing every day.​ 12.How long did the boy stay there?​ A. For a week​ B. For two weeks​ C. For three weeks​ 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。​ 13.What is the topic of the school's upcoming activity?​ A. Environmental protection​ B. Cultural exchange​ C. Science and technology​ 14.When will the activity be held?​ A. Next Monday​ B. Next Tuesday​ C. Next Wednesday​ 15.What will the students do in the activity?​ A. Give speeches​ B. Perform plays​ C. Hold a debate​ 16.How many students will take part in it from each class?​ A. 2​ B. 3​ C. 4​ 听第10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。​ 17.What is the main purpose of the school's "Green Week" activity?​ A. To collect recyclable waste​ B. To promote environmental awareness​ C. To plant more trees on campus​ 18.What activity will be held on Tuesday afternoon?​ A. A lecture on renewable energy​ B. A tree-planting event​ C. A recycling workshop​ 19.Who will give the lecture on Wednesday?​ A. A biology teacher​ B. An environmental expert​ C. A student from Grade 12​ 20.What prize can students get for winning the recycling contest?​ A. A set of eco-friendly stationery​ B A certificate and a book​ C. A free trip to a nature reserve 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A The following are four famous cities in the world.​ New York City New York City, the largest city in the United States, is a global (全球的) center of business, entertainment, and culture. With iconic landmarks such as the Empire State Building, Times Square, and the Statue of Liberty, it attracts millions of tourists every year. The city is also home to world-class museums, theaters, and restaurants. Paris Paris, the capital of France, is known as the “City of Light” and the “Fashion Capital of the World”. It is famous for its romantic atmosphere, beautiful architecture, and world-renowned art galleries like the Louvre. The Eiffel Tower, one of the most famous landmarks in the world, is also located in Paris.​ Tokyo​ Tokyo, the capital of Japan, is a modern metropolis that seamlessly blends traditional Japanese culture with cutting-edge technology. It is a vibrant city with a bustling nightlife, excellent cuisine, and a wide range of shopping opportunities. The city is also home to many historic temples and shrines.​ Sydney​ Sydney, the largest city in Australia, is famous for its beautiful beaches, such as Bondi Beach, and the iconic Sydney Opera House. The city offers a great outdoor lifestyle, with many opportunities for water sports, hiking, and enjoying the sunshine. It also has a rich cultural scene, with numerous art galleries, museums, and festivals.​ 1. Which city is known as the “Fashion Capital of the World”?​ A. New York City.​ B. Paris.​ C. Tokyo.​ D. Sydney.​ 2. What is Tokyo famous for?​ A. Its romantic atmosphere.​ B. Its beautiful beaches.​ C. Blending traditional culture with modern technology.​ D. Its world-class museums.​ 3. If you want to enjoy water sports, which city is the best choice?​ A. New York City.​ B. Paris.​ C. Tokyo.​ D. Sydney. B I’m Jack, a sophomore whose life flipped upside down last month.​ Weekdays once hummed with routine: 6:30 a.m. alarms, Mom’s blueberry oatmeal, biking to school past dog walkers. English with Ms. Hernandez was my anchor — her tattered To Kill a Mockingbird taught me stories reveal truths. After school, basketball glued me to Tyler, my best friend; we dreamed of regional finals glory.​ Then Mom texted during class: Dad’s in the hospital, heart attack. He’d be out of work for months, and his mechanic shop paid our bills. I quit the team for a 5 a.m. grocery store job. Tyler yelled, “We’re two weeks from finals!” We stopped speaking.​ Now I stock shelves till 7:30, bike to school reeking of detergent, then rush to the hospital. Dad jokes about my “fancy job” while I read him sports news, but by 8 p.m., I’m too drained for homework. Grades slipped; Ms. Hernandez noticed, but pride silenced me.​ Last Saturday, Dad and I watched our team lose the finals. Tyler, off his game, missed the winning layup (上篮) — staring into the camera like he sought me. “Basketball’s about showing up,” Dad said.​ This morning, I texted Tyler: Sorry. Talk? I told Ms. Hernandez everything. “Detours teach you to keep going,” she said, giving me her Mockingbird. Tyler held a ball at his locker: “Coach saved your spot.” The trophy can wait. Some things — friendship, finding yourself — are worth the mess.​ 4. What changed Jack’s routine last month? A. He failed the English exam. B. His father had a heart attack. C. He quit the basketball team. D. His family moved to a new place. 5. Why did Jack stop speaking to Tyler? A. Tyler laughed at his part-time job. B. They argued about the regional finals. C. Jack quit the team before the important game. D. Tyler missed the winning layup in the finals. 6 What can we learn about Ms. Hernandez? A. She is strict with her students. B. She gave Jack a new storybook. C. She noticed Jack’s falling grades. D. She forced Jack to talk about his problems. 7. What does the underlined word “Detours” in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Unexpected difficulties. B. Interesting experiences. C. Important decisions. D. Wonderful dreams. C The Yerkes-Dodson Law, proposed by psychologists Robert Yerkes and John Dodson in 1908, explores the relationship between motivation intensity and task performance. Its core insight is that this relationship follows an inverted U-shaped curve: performance improves with increasing motivation up to a certain point, after which excessive motivation leads to a decline.​ For simple or well-practiced tasks, a higher level of motivation tends to enhance performance. For example, routine data entry benefits from strong focus driven by high motivation. In contrast, complex tasks requiring creativity or problem-solving — such as scientific research or artistic creation — peak at moderate motivation. Too much pressure here can trigger anxiety, impairing cognitive flexibility.​ Notably, individual differences matter. Factors like experience, personality, and task familiarity shift the optimal motivation level. A seasoned athlete might thrive under intense pressure in a championship, while a novice could crumble.​ This law has practical implications. Educators can adjust teaching pressure based on task difficulty, and managers can tailor motivation strategies to task complexity. Recognizing this balance helps individuals and organizations optimize performance by aligning motivation with challenge. 8. What is the core idea of the Yerkes-Dodson Law? A. Higher motivation always leads to better performance. B. Motivation and performance have an inverted U-shaped relationship. C. Simple tasks require lower motivation than complex ones. D. Individual differences have no influence on task performance. 9. For which task would high motivation be most helpful? A. Writing a creative story B. Conducting a scientific experiment C. Doing routine office filing D. Designing a new product 10. Why does excessive motivation harm performance in complex tasks? A. It reduces focus on details. B. It causes anxiety and limits cognitive flexibility. C. It makes people ignore individual differences. D. It leads to overconfidence in problem-solving. 11. What can we infer from the passage? A. Novice athletes perform best under high pressure. B. The optimal motivation level is the same for all people. C. Educators can use the law to adjust teaching methods. D. Complex tasks benefit more from high motivation than simple ones. D A notable study by Princeton University and UCLA researchers explores how note-taking methods affect academic performance, finding that handwritten note-takers consistently outperform laptop users in exams.​ The study included 150 undergraduates split into two groups, both attending 45-minute lectures on introductory psychology and astrophysics — subjects blending facts and reasoning. One group used notebooks, the other laptops with no note-taking restrictions.​ Post-lecture results were clear: handwritten note-takers scored 18% higher on comprehension questions and 12% higher on recall tasks. A week later, for long-term retention, the gap grew to 23%, showing deeper processing.​ Researchers point to differing cognitive processes. Handwriting’s slower pace demands active synthesis: filtering key ideas, rephrasing concepts, and linking new info to existing knowledge — strengthening memory pathways. Laptop users often transcribe verbatim (一字不差地), engaging in “shallow processing” without parsing meaning.​ Notably, note length didn’t correlate with performance; top-scoring handwritten notes were concise, focusing on core principles. This highlights the quality of engagement over quantity.​ These findings matter for education. With digital tools prevalent, educators might encourage handwritten notes for complex subjects, using laptops for rapid data entry. Ultimately, the study emphasizes that learning flourishes in active, mindful engagement, not passive consumption. 12. What is the main finding of the study by Princeton University and UCLA researchers? A. Laptop note-takers write longer notes than handwritten note-takers. B. Handwritten note-takers perform better in exams than laptop users. C. Note-taking methods have no significant effect on academic performance. D. Students prefer digital note-taking tools over traditional notebooks. 13. What subjects were included in the lectures for the study? A. Introductory psychology and astrophysics B. Mathematics and computer science C. History and literature D. Biology and chemistry 14. Why do handwritten note-takers achieve better results according to the researchers? A. They write more detailed notes. B. They can review notes more easily. C. They engage in active synthesis of information. D. They spend more time on note-taking during lectures. 15. What does the study emphasize about effective learning? A. Using digital tools for all types of note-taking B. Writing as many notes as possible during lectures C. Active and mindful engagement rather than passive consumption D. Focusing on recall tasks rather than comprehension questions 第二节(共5 小题;每小题2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Waste sorting, a practice gaining global momentum, involves separating different types of garbage to facilitate recycling and reduce environmental harm. Its core goal is to turn “trash” into resources, but many people overlook its broader impacts. ___16___. For instance, proper sorting can cut down the amount of waste sent to landfills, thus reducing soil and water pollution. ___17___. Rules are not universal — what counts as “recyclable” in one city might be labeled “residual waste(其他垃圾)” in another. In Beijing, for example, plastic bottles go into recyclables, but in some rural areas, they may be mixed with other waste due to limited processing facilities. It’s crucial to check local guidelines first. Once you know the basics, focus on mastering key categories. Recyclables, such as paper, glass, and metal, are the most familiar. ___18___. This not only saves raw materials but also reduces energy consumption in manufacturing new products. Kitchen waste, like vegetable peels and leftover rice, is another important category; it can be converted into nutrient-rich compost for plants. Hazardous waste is often the trickiest. Items like batteries, paint cans, and expired medicines contain toxic substances that can leach into the environment. Even small amounts, if mixed with other waste, can contaminate entire batches during processing. ___19___. Making waste sorting a habit takes time, but small steps work. Start by placing two bins at home: one for recyclables and one for other waste. Gradually add more as you get comfortable. ___20___. Over time, this simple act will become second nature, and you’ll take pride in contributing to a greener planet. A. Improper sorting, however, can make recycling processes less efficient B. It also plays a vital role in protecting public health C. Many schools now teach students about waste sorting from an early age D. These items must be disposed of through special channels to avoid environmental damage E. Recycling a single aluminum can saves enough energy to power a TV for three hours F. You can also join community workshops to learn tips from experienced residents G. The first step is to understand local classification standards 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15 小题;每小题1分，满分15 分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I was in primary school, I got into a major argument with a boy in my class. I can’t ____21____ what it was about, but I have never forgotten the ____22____ I learned that day. I was ____23____ that I was right and he was wrong — and he was sure that I was wrong and he was right. The ____24____ decided to teach us a very important lesson. She ____25____ both of us up to the ____26____ of the class and ____27____ him on one side of her desk and me on ____28____. In the middle of her desk was a large, round object. I could ____29____ see that it was black. She asked the boy what ____30____ the object was. “White,” he answered.​ I couldn’t believe he said the object was white ____31____ it was obviously black! Another ____32____ started between my classmate and me, this ____33____ about the color of the object. The teacher told me to go stand where the boy was standing and told him to come stand where I had been. We changed ____34____, and now she asked me what the color of the object was. I had to answer, “White.” It was an object with two ____35____ colored sides, and from his side it was white. Only from my side was it black.​ My teacher taught me a very important lesson that day: You must stand in the other person’s shoes and look at the situation through their eyes in order to truly understand their perspective.​ 21. A. think B. remember C. remind D. determine​ 22. A. class B. speech C. text D. lesson​ 23. A. told B. wished C. convinced D. allowed​ 24. A. officer B. worker C. doctor D. teacher​ 25. A. woke B. brought C. advised D. came​ 26. A. front B. back C. middle D. side​ 27. A. planted B. placed C. had D. fixed​ 28. A. the other B. other C. another D. others​ 29. A. happily B. luckily C. clearly D. nearly​ 30. A. width B. shape C. color D. size​ 31. A. when B. unless C. until D. if​ 32 A. fight B. argument C. conversation D. game​ 33. A. day B. time C. chance D. month​ 34. A. attitudes B. seats C. places D. glasses​ 35. A. similarly B. differently C. beautifully D. surprisingly 第二节(共10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Internet has become an ___36___(importance) part of our daily lives. It has changed the way we communicate, learn, and do business. With the development of technology, the Internet is becoming faster ___37___ more reliable.​ One of the ___38___(great) advantages of the Internet is that it allows us to access information ___39___(easy) from all over the world. We can search for answers to our questions, read news, watch videos, and listen to music. The Internet has also made it easier for people ___40___(connect) with each other. We can communicate with friends and family members who live far away through social media platforms, email, and video calls. However, the Internet also has its ___41___(drawback). There is a lot of false information on the Internet, and it can be difficult to tell what is true and what is not. Additionally, there are concerns about privacy and security. Hackers can steal our personal information, and online scams are becoming increasingly ___42___(common).​ To make the most of the Internet, we need to use it ___43___(responsible). We should be careful about the information we share online and make sure we are using ___44___(rely) sources. It’s also important to protect our privacy and security by using strong passwords and avoiding ____45____(click) on suspicious links. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友 Tom 对中国的传统节日春节很感兴趣，请你给他写一封电子邮件，介绍春节。内容包括：​ 1.春节的时间及意义；​ 2.春节的主要庆祝活动，如家庭团聚、吃年夜饭、放鞭炮等；​ 3.邀请他来中国体验春节。 注意： 1.词数 80 左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Tom, I know you are interested in the Spring Festival, so I'm writing to tell you something about it. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes Li Hua 第二节 续写写作(25分) 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整故事。 Last Saturday, Mike decided to go hiking in the nearby mountain with his dog Max. It was a beautiful day, with the sun shining brightly and birds singing in the trees. Mike packed some water, snacks, and a map, then set off with Max running happily beside him.​ They walked along the path, enjoying the fresh air and the beautiful scenery. After walking for about an hour, Mike found a nice spot to rest. He sat down on a rock, took out the snacks, and shared some with Max. Suddenly, Max started barking loudly and ran towards the deep forest. “Max, come back!” Mike shouted, but Max didn’t stop. Mike had to run after him.​ After running for a while, Mike realized he was lost. He couldn’t see the path anymore, and the trees around were so dense that he could hardly tell the direction. He felt a little anxious, so he took out his phone, only to find there was no signal. Just as he didn't know what to do, he heard Max's barking again, but this time it sounded weaker.​ 注意： 1.所续写短文的词数应为 100 左右； 2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Mike followed the sound of barking and walked carefully through the trees. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Just then, Mike heard some voices not far away. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $