2026届高考英语相似单词辨析（共500组）清单

相似英语单词辨析 序号 单词对 区别说明 例句 1 accept / receive accept 强调“主动接受”，用于抽象事物（如建议、邀请）；receive 表示“收到”，更强调到达，常用于具体物品。 I accept your invitation. / I received a letter from him. 2 accident / incident accident 一般指“不幸的意外事故”；incident 泛指“事件”，可好可坏。 There was a car accident on the road. / The incident happened last   night. 3 advice / suggestion advice 表示“忠告”，一般更正式、更有分量；suggestion 表示“建议”，语气较轻。 My father gave me some advice. / He made a suggestion at the meeting. 4 affect / effect affect 是动词，表示“影响”；effect 是名词，表示“影响、结果”。 His words deeply affected me. / The new law had a great effect on   people. 5 afraid / scared afraid 更正式，指害怕、担心；scared 更口语化，强调突然的害怕。 She is afraid of snakes. / He was scared by the loud noise. 6 alive / living alive 形容“活着的，存在的”，通常做表语；living 指“活着的”，常作定语。 The man is still alive. / There are many living things in the forest. 7 allow / permit allow 语气较普通，多用于口语；permit 较正式，多用于书面语和官方场合。 My parents don't allow me to stay up late. / Smoking is not permitted   here. 8 almost / nearly 两者都表示“几乎”，almost 更常见，nearly 语气略弱。 He almost missed the bus. / The glass is nearly full. 9 alone / lonely alone 指“单独”，描述状态，通常不带感情色彩；lonely 指“孤独”，带有情感色彩。 She lives alone. / He felt lonely in the big city. 10 although / though although 一般放句首，though 可放句首或句尾（副词性）；语气上though更口语。 Although it rained, we went out. / I like it, though. 11 amount / number amount 用于不可数名词，number 用于可数名词。 A large amount of water was wasted. / A large number of people   attended. 12 ancient / old ancient 指“古代的、古老的”，时间更久远；old 泛指“年老的、旧的”。 The ancient city is beautiful. / He is an old man. 13 anger / angry anger 是名词“愤怒”，angry 是形容词“生气的”。 He could not control his anger. / She was angry with me. 14 announce / declare announce 指“公开宣布某事”，正式；declare 语气更强，多指“郑重声明”。 The teacher announced the result. / They declared war. 15 answer / reply answer 泛指“回答”，更常见；reply 比较正式，强调“回应”或“答复信件”。 Please answer my question. / He replied to my email. 16 apologize / excuse apologize 指“道歉”，承认错误；excuse 指“原谅、宽恕”，有时做动词也可表示“为……辩解”。 I apologize for being late. / Please excuse me for interrupting. 17 appear / seem appear 指“出现、似乎”；seem 只表示“似乎”。 He appears to be tired. / She seems happy today. 18 area / region area 泛指“面积、区域”，无行政含义；region 指“地区、区域”，常有地理或行政含义。 The area of the park is large. / This region is famous for tea. 19 argue / quarrel argue 指“争论”，可理性；quarrel 指“吵架”，带有情绪。 They often argue about politics. / The brothers quarreled over money. 20 arrive / reach arrive 后常接 at/in；reach 后直接接地点。arrive 更正式。 We arrived at the station. / He reached home at seven. 21 art / craft art 指“艺术”，强调创造性和美感；craft 指“手工艺”，强调技能。 She studies art at university. / He is good at making crafts. 22 as / like as 表示“作为、像……一样”，更正式；like 表示“像”，口语常用。 She works as a teacher. / You look like your father. 23 asleep / sleepy asleep 表示“睡着的”；sleepy 表示“想睡的”。 The baby is asleep. / I feel sleepy now. 24 assist / help assist 较为正式，强调“协助”；help 更为口语，泛指“帮助”。 The nurse assisted the doctor. / Can you help me? 25 attend / join attend 指“出席、参加”，强调到场；join 指“加入”，表示成为成员。 He attended the meeting. / She joined the club. 26 avoid / prevent avoid 指“避免”，自己主动回避；prevent 指“阻止”，防止某事发生。 He avoided answering the question. / The police prevented the accident. 27 awake / wake awake 是形容词“醒着的”，也可作动词“唤醒”；wake 更常用作动词“醒来、唤醒”。 He is still awake. / I wake up at six. 28 balance / equilibrium balance 指“平衡”，常用于物理和抽象意义；equilibrium 更正式，指“均衡、平衡状态”。 He lost his balance. / The ecosystem is in equilibrium. 29 base / basis base 多为“基础、底部”，具体或抽象都可；basis 强调“依据、基础”，多为抽象。 The base of the tower is wide. / Trust is the basis of friendship. 30 beautiful / pretty beautiful 强调“美丽”，适用范围广，感情色彩强；pretty 指“漂亮”，多用于形容女孩、小东西。 The garden is beautiful. / She is a pretty girl. 31 begin / start 两者都可表示“开始”，begin 较正式；start 更口语化，也可指“启动”。 Let's begin the class. / The car will not start. 32 below / under below 表示“在……之下”，有较大空间距离；under 表示“正下方”，多为垂直关系。 The temperature is below zero. / The cat is under the table. 33 beside / besides beside 表示“在……旁边”；besides 表示“此外”。 He sat beside me. / Besides English, she speaks French. 34 between / among between 用于“两者之间”；among 用于“三者或以上之间”。 The ball is between two boxes. / He is popular among students. 35 blame / accuse blame 指“责备”，语气较轻；accuse 指“指控”，常用于法律。 Don't blame me for the mistake. / He was accused of theft. 36 borrow / lend borrow 指“借入”；lend 指“借出”。 May I borrow your pen? / Can you lend me your book? 37 brave / courageous brave 表示“勇敢”，多指面对危险；courageous 更正式，强调道德勇气。 She was brave enough to speak out. / He made a courageous decision. 38 break / destroy break 指“打破、弄坏”，可修复；destroy 指“毁灭、破坏”，不可修复。 He broke the window. / The fire destroyed the building. 39 bright / brilliant bright 指“明亮、聪明”；brilliant 强调“才华横溢、杰出”，更为夸张。 The room is bright. / She is a brilliant student. 40 bring / take bring 强调“带来”，朝说话人方向；take 强调“带走”，离开说话人。 Please bring your book here. / Take your umbrella with you. 41 build / construct build 泛指“建造”，常用于口语；construct 更正式，多用于大型工程或抽象结构。 They built a house. / The bridge was constructed last year. 42 busy / occupied busy 指“忙碌”，常用于人；occupied 可用于人和物，指“被占用”。 He is very busy today. / The room is occupied now. 43 buy / purchase buy 更常见，口语化；purchase 较正式，多用于商业或书面语。 I want to buy a car. / The company purchased new equipment. 44 calm / quiet calm 指“平静、镇定”，强调情绪或环境；quiet 指“安静”，强调声音小。 The sea is calm. / Please keep quiet. 45 capital / capitol capital 可指“首都、资金、大写字母”；capitol 专指美国国会大厦。 Beijing is the capital of China. / The Capitol is in Washington D.C. 46 capture / catch capture 指“捕获”，多用于战争、动物等；catch 指“抓住”，口语常用。 The police captured the thief. / Catch the ball! 47 careful / cautious careful 指“小心、细致”，常用于日常；cautious 更正式，带有“谨慎”意味。 Be careful with the glass. / He is cautious in making decisions. 48 carry / transport carry 泛指“携带、搬运”，日常用语；transport 更正式，指“运输”，多用于大量物品。 She carried her bag. / Goods are transported by train. 49 cause / reason cause 指“原因、起因”，多为直接导致；reason 更广泛，指“理由、解释”。 Smoking is the cause of many diseases. / Give me a reason. 50 certain / sure certain 更正式，强调“有把握”；sure 更口语化，强调“确信”。 I am certain that he will come. / Are you sure? 51 change / alter change 泛指“改变”，用法广；alter 更正式，强调“部分改变”。 She changed her mind. / You can't alter the rules. 52 charge / accuse charge 指“指控”，常用于法律；accuse 指“控告”，既可法律也可日常。 He was charged with murder. / She accused him of lying. 53 cheap / inexpensive cheap 指“便宜”，有时带贬义；inexpensive 指“价格低廉”，中性。 This watch is cheap. / The meal was inexpensive. 54 choose / select choose 泛指“选择”，口语常用；select 更正式，强调挑选。 Choose your favorite color. / Please select a file. 55 collect / gather collect 强调“收集”，有目的性；gather 强调“聚集”，人或物都可。 He collects stamps. / The crowd gathered in the square. 56 common / ordinary common 指“常见的”；ordinary 指“普通的”，强调不特殊。 It's a common mistake. / He looks like an ordinary boy. 57 compare / contrast compare 指“比较”；contrast 指“对比、对照”，强调差异。 Let's compare their heights. / The book contrasts two cultures. 58 complete / finish complete 强调“使完整、完成”；finish 强调“做完、结束”。 The project is complete. / I finished my homework. 59 confident / proud confident 指“自信的”；proud 指“自豪的、骄傲的”。 She is confident about the exam. / I am proud of you. 60 connect / link connect 指“连接”，强调物理或抽象联系；link 强调“联系、关联”，多用于抽象。 Connect the computer to the internet. / The two events are linked. 61 consider / regard consider 指“考虑”；regard 指“看作、认为”。 Please consider my suggestion. / He is regarded as a hero. 62 contain / include contain 指“包含”，强调容纳在内；include 指“包括”，强调范围的组成部分。 The box contains books. / The price includes tax. 63 continue / last continue 指“继续”，强调动作不中断；last 指“持续”，强调时间。 Please continue your work. / The meeting lasted two hours. 64 correct / right correct 指“正确”，强调无误；right 指“对”，也可表示“权利”。 The answer is correct. / You are right. 65 cost / spend cost 指“花费”，某物需要多少钱；spend 指“花费”，人花钱或时间。 The car cost me 10,000 yuan. / I spend much time reading. 66 country / nation country 指“国家”，也可指“农村”；nation 更强调“民族、国民”。 China is a large country. / The Olympic Games unite nations. 67 create / invent create 指“创造”，侧重无中生有；invent 指“发明”，强调首创。 She created a beautiful painting. / Edison invented the light bulb. 68 cry / shout cry 指“哭、喊”；shout 指“喊叫”，强调大声。 The baby started to cry. / Don't shout at me. 69 cure / heal cure 指“治愈”，多为医生行为；heal 指“愈合”，多为自然过程。 The doctor cured the patient. / Time heals all wounds. 70 custom / habit custom 指“习俗”，集体的；habit 指“习惯”，个人的。 It's a local custom. / He has a habit of smoking. 71 damage / harm damage 指“损坏”，多为物理；harm 指“伤害”，多为身体或心理。 The storm damaged the house. / Smoking harms your health. 72 danger / risk danger 指“危险”，已知的威胁；risk 指“风险”，潜在的不确定性。 He is in great danger. / There's a risk of infection. 73 dead / died dead 形容词“死的”；died 动词“死去”。 The fish is dead. / His grandfather died last year. 74 decide / determine decide 泛指“决定”，日常用语；determine 更正式，强调下定决心。 I decided to leave. / She determined to succeed. 75 decrease / reduce decrease 指“减少”，数量变小；reduce 指“降低、减少”，强调由高变低。 The price decreased. / We must reduce pollution. 76 defeat / beat defeat 指“击败”，多为正式；beat 指“打败”，口语常用。 They defeated the enemy. / Our team beat theirs. 77 defend / protect defend 指“防御、辩护”，强调抵御攻击；protect 指“保护”，强调免受伤害。 He defended his friend. / The umbrella protects you from rain. 78 delay / postpone delay 指“推迟、耽搁”，常为被动；postpone 强调“延期”，多为主动决定。 The flight was delayed. / We postponed the meeting. 79 demand / request demand 指“强烈要求”，语气强；request 指“请求”，语气礼貌。 They demanded an answer. / He requested a glass of water. 80 deny / refuse deny 指“否认”，不承认事实；refuse 指“拒绝”，不接受。 He denied the charge. / She refused to help. 81 depend / rely depend on 表示“依赖”，中性；rely on 强调信任和依靠。 Children depend on their parents. / I rely on you. 82 describe / explain describe 指“描述”，陈述特征；explain 指“解释”，说明原因。 Please describe your house. / He explained the problem. 83 desire / wish desire 表示“强烈的愿望”；wish 表示“希望”，语气较弱，也可作动词。 He has a strong desire to win. / I wish you good luck. 84 destroy / ruin destroy 指“彻底毁坏”；ruin 指“毁坏、破坏”，多为渐进。 The building was destroyed by fire. / The rain ruined our plans. 85 develop / improve develop 指“发展”，多为成长变化；improve 指“改善”，变得更好。 The city is developing fast. / I want to improve my English. 86 diary / journal diary 强调“日记”，私人记录每天经历；journal 更正式，常为“期刊、日志”。 She writes in her diary every day. / He keeps a travel journal. 87 difficult / hard difficult 更正式，常用于书面语；hard 口语常用，也指“努力”。 This problem is difficult. / The exam was hard. 88 discover / invent discover 指“发现”，已有事物；invent 指“发明”，全新事物。 Columbus discovered America. / He invented a new machine. 89 divide / separate divide 指“分成几部分”；separate 指“分开”，强调隔离。 Divide the cake into six pieces. / Please separate the papers. 90 doubt / suspect doubt 指“怀疑”，不相信；suspect 指“猜疑”，有某种看法。 I doubt his story. / I suspect he is lying. 91 during / while during 后加名词，表示“在……期间”；while 后加句子，表示“当……的时候”。 During the meeting, he left. / He sang while he worked. 92 duty / responsibility duty 指“职责”，常为分内事；responsibility 指“责任”，更强调主动承担。 It's my duty to help. / Parents have a responsibility to educate   children. 93 earn / win earn 指“赚得”，靠劳动或努力获得；win 指“赢得”，靠竞争获得。 He earned a lot of money. / She won the first prize. 94 easy / simple easy 指“容易”，强调难易程度；simple 指“简单”，强调结构不复杂。 The test is easy. / The answer is simple. 95 employ / hire employ 更正式，指“雇用”，长期工作；hire 指“雇佣”，可临时。 The company employs 100 workers. / We hired a taxi. 96 empty / vacant empty 指“空的”，无内容；vacant 指“空着的”，无占用。 The glass is empty. / The seat is vacant. 97 end / finish end 指“结束、终止”，强调终点；finish 指“完成”，强调完成过程。 The class ended at five. / I finished my homework. 98 enemy / opponent enemy 指“敌人”，常用于战争；opponent 指“对手”，多用于比赛。 They are our enemies. / He is my opponent in the match. 99 enjoy / like enjoy 指“享受”，更强调过程的快乐；like 指“喜欢”，泛指好感。 I enjoy reading books. / I like chocolate. 100 enough / adequate enough 指“足够”，强调数量；adequate 更正式，指“足以满足需要”。 Is there enough food? / The room is adequate for our needs. 101 entire / whole entire 强调“整个”，语气更强，不能与the连用；whole 表示“全部”，可与the连用。 The entire city was flooded. / The whole world knows it. 102 environment / surroundings environment 指“环境”，多为抽象或生态环境；surroundings 指“周围环境”，更具体。 We must protect the environment. / He was not used to the new   surroundings. 103 especially / specially especially 表示“尤其”，用于强调；specially 表示“特意”，强调目的。 I love fruit, especially apples. / The room was specially decorated for   her. 104 essential / necessary essential 指“必不可少的”，强调必要性和本质；necessary 指“必要的”，强调条件或要求。 Water is essential to life. / It is necessary to bring your ID. 105 event / activity event 指“事件、重大活动”；activity 指“活动”，一般较小。 The Olympic Games are a big event. / We have many activities after   class. 106 ever / never ever 表示“曾经、一直”；never 表示“从未”。 Have you ever been to Paris? / I have never seen the sea. 107 evidence / proof evidence 指“证据”，多为不可数名词；proof 指“确凿证据”，可数或不可数。 There is no evidence against him. / We need proof of your identity. 108 exact / accurate exact 强调“精确、确切”，与事实完全一致；accurate 强调“准确、无误”，符合标准。 Give me the exact number. / Her answer is accurate. 109 except / besides except 表示“除了……之外（不包括）”；besides 表示“此外、除……之外（包括）”。 Everyone except Tom came. / Besides English, I can speak Spanish. 110 expect / hope expect 指“预期、期待”，有把握；hope 指“希望”，不确定。 I expect him to come. / I hope you are well. 111 expensive / costly expensive 指“昂贵”，常用于日常；costly 更正式，指“代价高昂”，多用于抽象。 This bag is expensive. / His mistake was costly. 112 experience / experiment experience 指“经验、经历”；experiment 指“实验”。 He has much teaching experience. / The experiment was successful. 113 explain / interpret explain 指“解释”，让人明白；interpret 指“解释、口译”，更正式。 Can you explain this word? / He interpreted the poem for us. 114 express / show express 指“表达”，多为思想、感情；show 指“展示”，多为具体事物。 She expressed her opinion. / He showed me his new car. 115 face / surface face 指“面部、表面”，多用于人、物的正面；surface 指“表面”，多指物体外层。 He washed his face. / The surface of the table is smooth. 116 famous / well-known famous 表示“著名”，多用于褒义；well-known 指“众所周知”，中性。 He is a famous actor. / This song is well-known. 117 far / distant far 表示“远”，可指物理或抽象距离；distant 更正式，强调遥远。 My school is far from here. / He comes from a distant country. 118 fault / mistake fault 强调“过错”，多指责任；mistake 指“错误”，多为无心。 It's my fault. / I made a spelling mistake. 119 fear / fright fear 指“恐惧”，常为心理感受；fright 指“惊吓”，强调突然。 She has a fear of heights. / The loud noise gave him a fright. 120 female / woman female 指“雌性”，生物学用语；woman 指“女人”，人类专用。 The female bird is smaller. / She is a kind woman. 121 fill / full fill 是动词“填满”；full 是形容词“满的”。 Please fill the glass with water. / The box is full. 122 find / discover find 指“找到”，多为有意；discover 指“发现”，多为无意或新事物。 I found my keys. / He discovered a new star. 123 finish / complete finish 强调“做完”；complete 强调“完整无缺”。 I finished my homework. / The work is complete. 124 fix / repair fix 口语化，泛指“修理”；repair 更正式，常用于技术。 Can you fix my bike? / The car needs to be repaired. 125 follow / obey follow 指“跟随、听从”；obey 指“服从、遵从”。 Please follow me. / Children must obey their parents. 126 forbid / ban forbid 指“禁止”，多由个人或权威决定；ban 指“禁止”，多为官方规定。 My mother forbids me to go out. / Smoking is banned here. 127 foreign / overseas foreign 指“外国的”，泛指非本国；overseas 特指“海外的”，常指海洋另一边的国家。 He speaks a foreign language. / She studied overseas. 128 forget / ignore forget 是“忘记”，指记忆消失；ignore 是“忽视”，指故意不理会。 I forgot his name. / Don't ignore the rules. 129 forgive / pardon forgive 指“原谅”，常用于亲密关系；pardon 更正式，多用于小事或礼貌。 Please forgive me. / Pardon my mistake. 130 form / shape form 指“形式、表格”，强调结构；shape 指“形状”，强调外观。 Fill in the form. / The cloud has a strange shape. 131 former / previous former 指“前者、以前的”，和latter对应；previous 指“先前的”，侧重时间顺序。 The former president visited us. / My previous job was easy. 132 fortunate / lucky fortunate 指“幸运的”，语气更正式；lucky 口语化，常用于日常。 She was fortunate to survive. / I am lucky to have you. 133 free / vacant free 指“空闲、免费的”，常用于人或物；vacant 指“空着的”，多用于座位、房间。 Are you free this evening? / The seat is vacant. 134 fresh / new fresh 指“新鲜”，多用于食物、空气；new 指“新的”，泛指未用过。 I love fresh bread. / He bought a new car. 135 friend / companion friend 指“朋友”，可泛指；companion 指“同伴”，常指陪伴左右者。 She is my best friend. / He is a good companion on trips. 136 funny / interesting funny 指“有趣、滑稽”，让人发笑；interesting 指“有趣、吸引人”，激发好奇。 The joke is funny. / The story is interesting. 137 gain / obtain gain 指“获得”，多为抽象事物（如经验）；obtain 更正式，指“获得、取得”具体或抽象。 He gained much knowledge. / You need a ticket to obtain entry. 138 garden / yard garden 指“花园”，种植花草蔬菜；yard 指“院子”，更广泛，可种草也可空地。 She works in the garden. / Children play in the yard. 139 general / common general 指“普遍的”，多用于抽象；common 指“常见的”，多用于具体。 It's a general rule. / It's a common problem. 140 gift / present gift 泛指“礼物、天赋”；present 指“礼物”，常为物品。 She gave me a gift. / I received a birthday present. 141 glad / happy glad 指“高兴、欣慰”，更正式；happy 口语化，泛指“快乐”。 I am glad to hear that. / He looks happy. 142 goal / aim goal 指“目标”，多为具体终点；aim 指“目的”，更抽象。 My goal is to be a doctor. / Her aim is to help people. 143 goods / products goods 泛指“商品”，多为批量；products 指“产品”，强调生产出来的东西。 The goods were delivered. / Our products are popular. 144 govern / rule govern 指“管理、治理”，多为国家；rule 指“统治”，多强调权力。 The country is governed well. / The king ruled for 20 years. 145 grateful / thankful grateful 指“感激”，语气更正式；thankful 口语化，表示“感谢”。 I am grateful for your help. / I am thankful you are safe. 146 grow / increase grow 强调“成长、增长”；increase 指“增加”，数量变大。 Children grow fast. / The price increased last year. 147 guide / lead guide 指“引导、指导”，常为陪同讲解；lead 指“带领”，强调走在前头。 The guide showed us around. / He led us to the exit. 148 habit / custom habit 指“个人习惯”；custom 指“风俗习惯”，集体的。 He has a reading habit. / It's a Chinese custom. 149 hardly / rarely hardly 表示“几乎不”，否定色彩更强；rarely 表示“很少”，但有发生。 He hardly ever smiles. / I rarely go out at night. 150 harm / hurt harm 多为“伤害”，身体或精神；hurt 更口语化，指“使受伤”。 Smoking harms your lungs. / I hurt my knee. 151 hate / dislike hate 指“讨厌、憎恨”，语气强烈；dislike 指“不喜欢”，语气较弱。 I hate getting up early. / She dislikes spicy food. 152 healthy / fit healthy 指“健康”，身体状况良好；fit 指“强健”，身体素质好。 She looks healthy. / He is very fit. 153 help / assist help 口语化，泛指“帮助”；assist 更正式，强调“协助”。 Can you help me? / The nurse assisted the doctor. 154 hide / cover hide 指“藏、隐瞒”，强调不让人发现；cover 指“覆盖”，遮住表面。 He hid behind the door. / The table was covered with a cloth. 155 hold / contain hold 指“容纳、拿着”，更具体；contain 指“包含”，多为抽象。 This box can hold 10 books. / The bag contains apples. 156 honest / sincere honest 指“诚实”，不说谎；sincere 指“真诚”，感情真实。 He is an honest man. / She gave us sincere advice. 157 hope / wish hope 指“希望”，可能实现；wish 指“祝愿”，可能性小。 I hope to see you soon. / I wish you success. 158 house / home house 指“房子”，物理建筑；home 指“家”，有感情色彩。 I bought a new house. / I miss my home. 159 huge / enormous huge 强调“巨大”，口语常用；enormous 更正式，强调体积或数量大。 The elephant is huge. / The company made enormous profits. 160 human / mankind human 指“人类的”，个体层面；mankind 指“人类”，整体概念。 Human life is precious. / Mankind faces many challenges. 161 hungry / starve hungry 指“饿”；starve 指“挨饿”，程度更重。 I am hungry. / They starved during the war. 162 idea / opinion idea 指“想法、主意”；opinion 指“观点、看法”。 I have an idea. / What's your opinion? 163 identify / recognize identify 指“识别、鉴定”，确认身份；recognize 指“认出”，以前见过。 Can you identify the thief? / I recognized her at once. 164 ignore / neglect ignore 指“忽视”，有意不理；neglect 指“忽略”，未尽责任。 He ignored my advice. / Don't neglect your studies. 165 illness / disease illness 泛指“疾病、不适”，多为短期或轻微；disease 指“疾病”，多为具体病名。 He is absent because of illness. / Cancer is a serious disease. 166 imagine / guess imagine 指“想象”，脑海中构思；guess 指“猜测”，不确定。 Imagine a world without war. / Can you guess my age? 167 immediate / instant immediate 强调“立刻的”，时间快；instant 指“瞬间的”，更快。 I need an immediate answer. / He died in an instant. 168 important / significant important 指“重要”，影响大；significant 更正式，常用于学术、数据。 This is an important event. / The results are significant. 169 improve / promote improve 指“改善、提高”，自身进步；promote 指“促进、推广”，外部推动。 I want to improve my English. / The government promotes education. 170 include / contain include 指“包括”，强调部分属于整体；contain 指“包含”，强调内部有。 The price includes tax. / The bottle contains milk. 171 increase / rise increase 强调“增加”，数量变大；rise 强调“上升”，位置或水平变高。 The population increased. / The sun rises in the east. 172 influence / affect influence 名词“影响”；affect 动词“影响”。 He has a great influence on me. / The weather affects our plans. 173 inform / notify inform 指“通知”，语气常用；notify 更正式，常用于书面。 Please inform me of any changes. / You will be notified by email. 174 injury / wound injury 泛指“受伤”，生活常见；wound 指“伤口”，多为武器造成。 He suffered a head injury. / The soldier had a wound on his arm. 175 inquire / ask inquire 更正式，常用于官方或书面；ask 口语化，日常用语。 I want to inquire about the price. / She asked me a question. 176 insist / persist insist 指“坚持”，有主张或要求；persist 指“坚持不懈”，做事不放弃。 He insisted on going. / She persisted in her efforts. 177 instead / rather instead 表示“代替”；rather 表示“宁愿、相反”，有时表偏好。 Let's go by bus instead. / I'd rather stay at home. 178 intelligent / smart intelligent 更正式，指“智力高”；smart 口语化，泛指“聪明”。 She is very intelligent. / He is a smart boy. 179 interest / hobby interest 指“兴趣”，广泛；hobby 指“爱好”，具体活动。 I have an interest in history. / Reading is my hobby. 180 invent / create invent 指“发明”，首次出现；create 指“创造”，有创新。 Edison invented the telephone. / She created a new style. 181 invite / attract invite 指“邀请”，主动作出请求；attract 指“吸引”，被动让人感兴趣。 I invited him to my party. / The show attracted many people. 182 join / attend join 指“加入”，成为成员；attend 指“出席”，到场。 She joined the club. / He attended the meeting. 183 journey / trip journey 指“长途旅行”，过程重要；trip 指“短途旅行”，重点在目的地。 The journey took three days. / We had a trip to the zoo. 184 judge / referee judge 指“裁判、法官”，多为道德判断或法律；referee 指“裁判”，多用于体育。 The judge made a decision. / The referee blew the whistle. 185 keep / hold keep 指“保持、保有”；hold 指“握住、举办”，更具体。 Please keep quiet. / He held my hand. 186 kill / murder kill 泛指“杀死”，不论动因；murder 指“谋杀”，有犯罪意味。 He killed a snake. / The man was murdered last night. 187 kind / type kind 指“种类”，强调分类；type 指“类型”，强调特征。 What kind of music do you like? / This type of car is popular. 188 knowledge / wisdom knowledge 指“知识”，信息积累；wisdom 指“智慧”，正确运用知识。 He has a lot of knowledge. / She is known for her wisdom. 189 lack / shortage lack 泛指“缺乏”，不可数；shortage 指“短缺”，多为具体物品。 She lacks confidence. / There is a water shortage. 190 large / big large 更正式，书面语用多；big 口语化，泛指“大的”。 The room is large. / He has a big dog. 191 last / previous last 指“上一个、最后的”；previous 指“先前的”，多指时间顺序。 I saw him last week. / My previous job was boring. 192 late / lately late 形容词/副词，意为“迟到”；lately 副词，意为“最近”。 He is always late. / I haven't seen him lately. 193 laugh / smile laugh 指“笑出声”；smile 指“微笑”，不一定出声。 She laughed at the joke. / He smiled at me. 194 law / rule law 指“法律”，国家规定；rule 指“规则”，组织或家庭规定。 Obey the law. / Here are the rules of the game. 195 lay / lie lay 是“放下、产卵”，及物动词；lie 是“躺、位于”，不及物动词。 Please lay the books on the table. / He lay on the bed. 196 lead / guide lead 指“带领”，走在前面；guide 指“引导、陪同”，多为讲解。 He led the team to victory. / The guide showed us around. 197 leave / depart leave 口语化，泛指“离开”；depart 更正式，多用于交通或官方。 I have to leave now. / The train will depart soon. 198 lend / loan lend 是动词“借出”；loan 是名词“贷款、借款”，偶作动词。 Can you lend me a pen? / The bank gave me a loan. 199 length / long length 指“长度”，名词；long 指“长的”，形容词。 The length of the river is 1000 km. / It's a long journey. 200 lesson / class lesson 指“一节课、教训”；class 指“班级、课”，更宽泛。 Today's lesson is about grammar. / Our class starts at 8 o'clock. 201 lie / cheat lie 指“说谎”；cheat 指“欺骗”，包括作弊等不诚实行为。 He lied to his parents. / He was caught cheating in the exam. 202 likely / possible likely 表示“很可能”，概率较高；possible 表示“可能”，概率不确定。 It is likely to rain. / Is it possible to finish today? 203 limit / restrict limit 强调“限制”，有明确范围；restrict 更正式，强调“约束、限制自由”。 The speed limit is 60 km/h. / They restrict smoking in public. 204 little / small little 强调“体积小或数量少”；small 强调“尺寸小”，可具体可抽象。 She has little money. / The small cat is cute. 205 lonely / alone lonely 表示“孤独”，有情感色彩；alone 表示“独自”，描述状态。 He feels lonely. / She lives alone. 206 lose / miss lose 指“失去、丢失”；miss 指“错过、想念”。 I lost my keys. / I missed the bus. 207 loud / noisy loud 描述“声音大”，可褒可贬；noisy 指“嘈杂、吵闹”，多为贬义。 The music is too loud. / The street is noisy at night. 208 love / like love 指“热爱、爱”，感情更深；like 指“喜欢”，感情色彩较弱。 I love my parents. / I like swimming. 209 luck / chance luck 指“运气”，不可控；chance 指“机会”，侧重可能性。 Good luck to you! / This is your last chance. 210 main / major main 指“主要的”，常用于事物；major 更正式，指“主要的”或“专业”。 The main reason is clear. / He is a major in biology. 211 make / do make 强调“创造、制造”；do 强调“做、执行”。 She made a cake. / I do my homework. 212 marry / get married marry 动词，常接人；get married 表示“结婚”，一般不接人。 He will marry Jane next year. / They got married in 2020. 213 matter / problem matter 指“事情、问题”，泛指；problem 指“难题”，需要解决。 What's the matter? / I have a math problem. 214 mean / meaning mean 是动词“意味着”；meaning 是名词“意义”。 What does this word mean? / The meaning of life is love. 215 measure / calculate measure 指“测量、衡量”；calculate 指“计算”，通常用数学。 Please measure the length. / Can you calculate the total? 216 memory / remembrance memory 指“记忆、回忆”，日常用语；remembrance 更正式，指“纪念、追忆”。 She has a good memory. / The day is in remembrance of the dead. 217 mention / refer mention 指“提到”，多为简单说起；refer 指“谈及、涉及”，强调指向。 He mentioned your name. / She referred to her notes. 218 mind / brain mind 指“思想、意识”；brain 指“大脑”，器官。 I changed my mind. / Your brain controls your body. 219 minor / secondary minor 指“较小的、次要的”，也可指未成年人；secondary 指“次要的、第二的”，常用于学校等。 He played a minor role. / She is in secondary school. 220 modern / contemporary modern 指“现代的”，20世纪以后；contemporary 指“当代的、同一时期的”。 Modern technology is amazing. / He is a contemporary artist. 221 moment / minute moment 指“片刻、瞬间”；minute 指“分钟”，时间单位。 Wait a moment. / It took ten minutes. 222 money / currency money 泛指“钱”，日常用语；currency 指“货币”，更正式。 I need some money. / The currency of China is RMB. 223 moral / morale moral 指“道德、教训”；morale 指“士气、精神状态”。 The story has a moral. / The team's morale is high. 224 move / remove move 指“移动、搬动”；remove 指“移除、去除”，更正式。 Please move the chair. / Please remove your shoes. 225 narrow / thin narrow 指“狭窄”，形容宽度小；thin 指“薄、瘦”，形容厚度或身材。 The road is narrow. / The book is very thin. 226 native / local native 指“本地的、土生土长的”；local 指“当地的”，和外地相对。 He is a native speaker. / This is a local product. 227 nature / character nature 指“本性、自然”；character 指“性格、特征”。 It's human nature to help others. / He has a strong character. 228 necessary / essential necessary 指“必要的”，条件要求；essential 指“必不可少的”，强调本质。 Water is necessary for life. / Oxygen is essential to humans. 229 need / require need 口语化，常用于人；require 更正式，强调规定或条件。 I need your help. / This job requires patience. 230 neighbor / nearby neighbor 指“邻居”；nearby 指“附近的”，形容词或副词。 My neighbor is friendly. / There is a shop nearby. 231 normal / usual normal 指“正常的”，不异常；usual 指“通常的”，习惯性的。 It's normal to feel nervous. / I took the usual bus to school. 232 note / notice note 指“笔记、便条”；notice 指“通知、公告”，也指“注意到”。 Leave me a note. / Did you notice the sign? 233 obey / observe obey 指“服从、遵守”，多为命令；observe 指“观察、遵守”，多为规则。 You must obey the teacher. / We should observe the law. 234 object / objective object 指“物体、反对”；objective 指“目标、客观的”。 This object is heavy. / Our objective is clear. 235 obvious / evident obvious 指“明显”，一目了然；evident 更正式，强调“有证据”。 It's obvious that he's tired. / It was evident from the results. 236 offer / provide offer 指“主动提供”；provide 指“提供、供应”，更正式。 He offered me a ride. / The school provides lunch. 237 old / elderly old 泛指“年老的”，日常用语；elderly 更正式，常用于敬称。 He is an old man. / The elderly need care. 238 omit / ignore omit 指“省略、遗漏”，常为无意；ignore 指“忽视”，常为有意。 He omitted a word. / Don't ignore the facts. 239 open / unfold open 指“打开、开放”，一般为门窗等；unfold 指“展开”，多为纸张、故事等。 Open the window. / She unfolded the map. 240 opinion / suggestion opinion 指“意见、看法”；suggestion 指“建议”，希望对方采纳。 What's your opinion? / He accepted my suggestion. 241 ordinary / common ordinary 指“普通的”，不特殊；common 指“常见的”，普遍存在。 He lives an ordinary life. / Rain is common here. 242 origin / source origin 指“起源、出处”，强调最初；source 指“来源”，强调供给。 The origin of the word is Latin. / The river is the source of water. 243 part / portion part 泛指“部分”；portion 指“（一）份”，常为分配。 A part of the cake is missing. / She ate a portion of rice. 244 patient / patience patient 是形容词或名词，指“有耐心/病人”；patience 是名词“耐心”。 She is a patient teacher. / He has great patience. 245 pay / spend pay 指“付钱”；spend 指“花费时间或钱”。 I paid 100 yuan for it. / He spends much time reading. 246 perfect / complete perfect 指“完美”，无瑕疵；complete 指“完整”，无缺失。 The show was perfect. / The work is complete. 247 permit / allow permit 更正式，多为官方批准；allow 口语化，泛指允许。 Smoking is not permitted. / The teacher allowed us to leave early. 248 persuade / convince persuade 指“说服”，强调行动改变；convince 指“使信服”，强调思想改变。 I persuaded him to stay. / She convinced me of her honesty. 249 physical / bodily physical 泛指“身体的、物理的”；bodily 更强调“肉体的”。 Physical exercise is good. / He suffered bodily harm. 250 picture / photo picture 泛指“图片、画”；photo 指“照片”。 She drew a picture. / This is my family photo. 251 plain / simple plain 指“朴素、平淡”，无装饰；simple 指“简单”，不复杂。 She wore a plain dress. / The test is simple. 252 plant / factory plant 指“大型工厂”，也可指植物；factory 泛指“工厂”。 The power plant is huge. / He works in a factory. 253 play / perform play 指“玩、演奏、扮演”；perform 指“表演、履行”，更为正式。 The children play in the park. / The band performed on stage. 254 polite / courteous polite 口语化，表示“有礼貌”；courteous 更正式，强调彬彬有礼。 He is always polite. / The staff are very courteous. 255 poor / poverty poor 形容词“贫穷/差”；poverty 名词“贫困”。 He is a poor student. / Poverty is a big problem. 256 popular / famous popular 指“受欢迎”，多指人或事物；famous 指“著名”，众所周知。 She is a popular singer. / He is a famous scientist. 257 possible / probable possible 指“可能”，概率未知；probable 指“很可能”，概率较高。 It's possible to finish today. / Rain is probable tomorrow. 258 power / energy power 泛指“能力、权力、电力”，多为名词；energy 指“能量、精力”。 The machine uses a lot of power. / He has much energy. 259 practice / practise practice 为名词“练习”；practise 为动词“练习”，英式用法。美式两者同写practice。 Practice makes perfect. / You should practise speaking English. 260 precious / valuable precious 指“珍贵”，感情色彩强；valuable 指“有价值”，多指价格高。 This is a precious gift. / The painting is valuable. 261 prefer / would rather prefer 后接名词或动词-ing，表示“更喜欢”；would rather 后接动词原形，表示“宁愿”。 I prefer tea to coffee. / I would rather stay at home. 262 prevent / avoid prevent 强调“阻止”，让某事不发生；avoid 强调“避免”，自己不做。 Vaccines prevent illness. / She avoids eating sweets. 263 price / cost price 指“价格”，买东西时付的钱；cost 指“成本、花费”。 The price is too high. / The cost of living is rising. 264 primary / main primary 指“首要、初级”，多用于教育；main 指“主要”，最重要。 Primary school starts at six. / The main reason is clear. 265 principal / principle principal 指“校长、主要的”；principle 指“原则、原理”。 Our principal is kind. / Honesty is an important principle. 266 produce / product produce 为动词“生产”；product 为名词“产品”。 The factory produces cars. / This is a new product. 267 progress / process progress 指“进步、进展”；process 指“过程、程序”。 He made great progress. / The process is complicated. 268 promise / swear promise 指“承诺”，语气一般；swear 指“发誓”，语气更强烈。 I promise to help you. / He swore to tell the truth. 269 protect / guard protect 指“保护”，免受伤害；guard 指“守卫”，防止攻击。 Sunscreen protects your skin. / The soldiers guard the palace. 270 provide / supply provide 指“提供”，强调给予；supply 指“供应”，强调持续不断。 The school provides lunch. / They supply water to the city. 271 punish / scold punish 指“惩罚”，正式或严重；scold 指“责骂”，语气较轻。 He was punished for cheating. / His mother scolded him. 272 purpose / aim purpose 指“目的”，更正式和抽象；aim 指“目标”，更具体。 The purpose of life is happiness. / My aim is to be a doctor. 273 quality / character quality 指“质量、品质”；character 指“性格、特征”。 The quality of this bag is high. / He has a strong character. 274 quick / fast quick 强调“迅速”，多指反应速度；fast 强调“快”，多指运动速度。 She gave a quick answer. / The train is fast. 275 quiet / silent quiet 指“安静”，有声音但不大；silent 指“无声”，完全没有声音。 Please be quiet. / The room was silent. 276 raise / rise raise 是及物动词“举起、抬高”；rise 是不及物动词“上升”。 Please raise your hand. / The sun rises in the east. 277 rare / scarce rare 指“稀有”，数量少；scarce 指“缺乏”，供应不足。 Pandas are rare animals. / Water is scarce in the desert. 278 reach / arrive reach 后接地点，无介词；arrive 后接at/in。 I reached home at six. / We arrived at the airport. 279 real / true real 指“真实存在”，与虚构相对；true 指“正确、真实”，与虚假对比。 Is the story real? / Her answer is true. 280 reason / cause reason 指“理由”，解释原因；cause 指“起因”，多为直接导致。 Give me a reason. / Smoking is the cause of cancer. 281 refuse / reject refuse 指“拒绝”，日常用语；reject 更正式，语气强烈。 She refused my offer. / The proposal was rejected. 282 regret / repent regret 指“后悔”，为已做错的事感到遗憾；repent 更正式，表示“悔改”。 I regret my mistakes. / He repented of his sins. 283 relation / relationship relation 指“关系”，多为正式或国家间；relationship 指“关系”，多为个人间。 Diplomatic relations are important. / They have a good relationship. 284 remain / stay remain 更正式，表示“仍然、剩下”；stay 泛指“停留、呆着”。 Only two tickets remain. / Please stay here. 285 remind / recall remind 指“提醒”，让人想起；recall 指“回忆”，自己主动想起。 Please remind me to call him. / I recall my childhood days. 286 repair / mend repair 更正式，常用于机械等；mend 多用于衣物、小物品。 He repaired the car. / She mended her dress. 287 reply / respond reply 指“答复”，常为口头或书信；respond 更正式，指“反应、回应”。 Please reply to my letter. / He responded to the question. 288 require / demand require 指“需要”，条件要求；demand 指“强烈要求”，语气更强。 This job requires skill. / The workers demanded higher pay. 289 respect / admire respect 指“尊重”，态度平等；admire 指“钦佩、赞赏”，欣赏优点。 I respect my teacher. / I admire her courage. 290 responsibility / duty responsibility 指“责任”，主动承担；duty 指“职责”，分内的事。 Parents have a responsibility to educate children. / It's my duty to   help. 291 result / consequence result 泛指“结果”，中性；consequence 通常指不好的“后果”。 The result is surprising. / He suffered the consequences of his   actions. 292 return / come back return 更正式，书面用语；come back 口语化。 He returned home late. / Please come back soon. 293 rich / wealthy rich 泛指“有钱”，常用；wealthy 更正式，极为富有。 He is a rich man. / Only wealthy families can afford it. 294 right / correct right 指“对、正确”，常用；correct 更正式，强调无误。 You are right. / The answer is correct. 295 rise / raise rise 不及物动词“上升”；raise 及物动词“举起”。 The temperature is rising. / Raise your hand. 296 risk / danger risk 指“风险”，可能发生的危害；danger 指“危险”，已存在的威胁。 He took a big risk. / There is danger ahead. 297 room / space room 指“空间”，多为可用的地方；space 指“空间”，更广泛或抽象。 There's no room for error. / Space travel is amazing. 298 safe / secure safe 指“安全”，无危险；secure 更正式，指“有保障、稳妥”。 The child is safe. / The data is secure. 299 save / rescue save 泛指“拯救、节省”；rescue 指“救援”，通常指紧急。 She saved my life. / The firefighters rescued the boy. 300 scenery / view scenery 指“风景”，多为自然景色；view 泛指“景色、视野”，可抽象。 The mountain scenery is beautiful. / The view from here is amazing. 301 seat / chair seat 泛指“座位”，可为任何坐的地方；chair 特指“椅子”。 Please take a seat. / The chair is broken. 302 secret / mystery secret 表示“秘密”，指隐藏的信息；mystery 指“谜、神秘”，强调不可理解。 Can you keep a secret? / The case remains a mystery. 303 seem / appear seem 指“似乎”，主观判断；appear 指“出现、显得”，强调表象。 She seems happy. / A rainbow appeared after the rain. 304 seldom / rarely seldom 表示“很少”，频率低但有时发生；rarely 表示“极少”，比seldom更少见。 He seldom goes out. / She rarely eats meat. 305 sell / sale sell 动词“卖”；sale 名词“销售、特卖”。 They sell fresh fruit. / The sale lasted three days. 306 send / deliver send 泛指“发送”，可抽象可具体；deliver 指“递送”，强调送达。 I sent her a letter. / The package was delivered on time. 307 serious / severe serious 指“严重、严肃”，语气较轻；severe 更正式，指“极为严重、严厉”。 He is in serious trouble. / The storm caused severe damage. 308 set / put set 强调“放置、安放”，有目的性；put 泛指“放”，动作本身。 She set the table for dinner. / Please put the keys here. 309 shade / shadow shade 指“阴凉、遮阴”，不可见轮廓；shadow 指“影子”，有具体形状。 We sat in the shade. / My shadow is long at sunset. 310 shake / wave shake 指“摇动、颤抖”；wave 指“挥动、波动”。 He shook his head. / She waved goodbye. 311 shape / form shape 指“形状、外形”；form 指“形式、表格”，结构含义重。 The cake is round in shape. / Please fill in the form. 312 share / divide share 指“分享、分担”；divide 指“分开、划分”。 Let's share the cake. / Divide the class into groups. 313 short / brief short 指“短的”，长度或时间；brief 指“简短”，强调内容少。 The meeting was short. / He gave a brief introduction. 314 shut / close shut 常用于门窗等，语气强烈；close 泛指“关闭”，更常用。 Please shut the door. / Close the book, please. 315 sick / ill sick 口语化，泛指“不舒服”；ill 更正式，指“有病”。 I feel sick. / He is seriously ill. 316 silent / quiet silent 指“无声”，完全没有声音；quiet 指“安静”，声音很小。 The room is silent. / Please keep quiet. 317 similar / alike similar 形容词，后接to；alike 表语用法，意为“相似”。 These two shirts are similar. / The twins look alike. 318 simple / easy simple 指“简单”，不复杂；easy 指“容易”，不难。 The rules are simple. / The exam was easy. 319 since / for since 强调“自从”，后接时间点；for 强调“持续”，后接时间段。 I have lived here since 2010. / I have lived here for ten years. 320 skill / ability skill 指“技能”，需训练获得；ability 指“能力”，天生或后天。 He has great writing skill. / She has the ability to lead. 321 sleep / rest sleep 指“睡觉”；rest 指“休息”，包含但不限于睡觉。 I need to sleep. / Take a rest after lunch. 322 smell / scent smell 泛指“气味”，可好可坏；scent 多用于“香味”。 I smell something burning. / The flowers have a sweet scent. 323 smile / grin smile 指“微笑”；grin 指“咧嘴笑”，更夸张。 She smiled at me. / He grinned from ear to ear. 324 society / community society 泛指“社会”，更大范围；community 指“社区”，小范围群体。 Society needs rules. / Our community is friendly. 325 solve / settle solve 指“解决”，多为问题、难题；settle 指“解决、安排”，可指争端。 I solved the math problem. / They settled the dispute. 326 soon / early soon 指“很快，不久”，时间接近现在；early 指“早”，时间在预期前。 I'll see you soon. / He came early today. 327 sorry / regret sorry 表示“抱歉”，日常用语；regret 更正式，表示“遗憾、后悔”。 I'm sorry for being late. / I regret not studying harder. 328 sound / voice sound 泛指“声音”；voice 特指“人的嗓音”。 I heard a strange sound. / Her voice is beautiful. 329 speak / talk speak 强调“说话、发言”；talk 强调“交谈、聊天”。 Please speak louder. / Let's talk about it. 330 special / particular special 指“特别的”，与众不同；particular 指“特定的、挑剔的”。 Today is a special day. / He asked for a particular book. 331 spend / cost spend 指“花费”，主语常为人；cost 指“花费”，主语常为物。 He spends much on books. / The car cost me ten thousand yuan. 332 spirit / soul spirit 指“精神、活力”；soul 指“灵魂、本质”。 He has team spirit. / She believes in the soul. 333 start / begin start 更口语，也指“启动”；begin 更正式，用于书面语。 Let's start the lesson. / The story begins here. 334 state / condition state 指“状态、国家”，较正式；condition 指“条件、状况”。 The patient is in a stable state. / The car is in good condition. 335 stay / remain stay 泛指“停留”，常用于动作；remain 指“仍然”，更书面。 Please stay at home. / Only two pieces remain. 336 steal / rob steal 指“偷窃”，秘密进行；rob 指“抢劫”，常用暴力或威胁。 Someone stole my wallet. / The bank was robbed last night. 337 still / yet still 表示“仍然”，用于肯定句；yet 表示“还”，多用于否定和疑问句。 He is still working. / Has he finished yet? 338 stop / quit stop 泛指“停止”，可接动词-ing；quit 指“放弃、辞职”，语气强。 Stop talking. / He quit his job. 339 strange / foreign strange 指“陌生、奇怪”；foreign 指“外国的”，非本国。 The food tastes strange. / He speaks a foreign language. 340 strength / force strength 指“力量、体力”；force 指“力、强制”，也作动词。 He has great strength. / The police used force. 341 strict / serious strict 指“严格”，多用于规定、纪律；serious 指“严重、严肃”。 The teacher is strict. / It's a serious illness. 342 strong / powerful strong 泛指“强壮、强烈”；powerful 指“有力量、有权力”，更正式。 He is strong enough. / It's a powerful machine. 343 subject / topic subject 指“主题、科目”，范围广；topic 指“话题”，更具体。 The subject is history. / We discussed this topic. 344 succeed / achieve succeed 指“成功、接任”；achieve 指“实现、取得”。 He succeeded in business. / She achieved her goal. 345 sudden / unexpected sudden 指“突然”，强调时间上快；unexpected 指“意外”，强调未预料。 There was a sudden change. / His arrival was unexpected. 346 suggest / advise suggest 指“建议”，更婉转；advise 指“忠告”，更正式。 She suggested going out. / The doctor advised him to rest. 347 supply / provide supply 指“供应”，持续给予；provide 指“提供”，强调给予。 They supply water to the city. / The hotel provides breakfast. 348 support / assist support 泛指“支持、支撑”；assist 更正式，指具体协助。 She supports her family. / The nurse assisted the doctor. 349 suppose / guess suppose 指“假设、认为”，常带推测；guess 指“猜”，无根据。 I suppose you're right. / Guess what I found! 350 surprise / amaze surprise 指“惊讶”，程度低于amaze；amaze 指“使大为吃惊”，语气强烈。 Her visit surprised me. / The news amazed everyone. 351 surround / circle surround 指“包围、环绕”，多为静态；circle 指“绕圈、圈出”，多为动态。 The house is surrounded by trees. / The children circled the teacher. 352 take / bring take 指“带走”，离开说话人地点；bring 指“带来”，到说话人处。 Please take your umbrella. / Bring your book here. 353 teach / instruct teach 泛指“教、授课”，日常用语；instruct 更正式，指详细指导。 She teaches English. / The coach instructed the players. 354 tear / rip tear 泛指“撕裂”；rip 指“撕破”，动作突然且力度大。 She tore the letter. / He ripped his shirt. 355 temperature / degree temperature 指“温度”，整体概念；degree 指“度数”，具体数值。 The temperature is high. / It's 30 degrees today. 356 terrible / awful terrible 指“糟糕、可怕”；awful 指“极坏、极糟”，语气更强。 The weather is terrible. / The food tastes awful. 357 thick / fat thick 指“厚”，多为物品；fat 指“胖”，多为人或动物。 The book is thick. / The cat is fat. 358 thin / slim thin 指“瘦、薄”，有时带贬义；slim 指“苗条”，多为褒义。 He is thin. / She is slim and tall. 359 thirsty / hungry thirsty 指“口渴”；hungry 指“饥饿”。 I'm thirsty. / They are hungry. 360 though / although though 更口语，可放句尾；although 更正式，常句首。 I'll go, though it's late. / Although it rains, I go out. 361 throw / cast throw 泛指“扔、投”；cast 更正式，强调用力或有目的地扔。 He threw the ball. / They cast their nets. 362 tidy / neat tidy 强调“整洁”，多指房间、环境；neat 指“干净、利落”，多指外观或字迹。 The room is tidy. / Her handwriting is neat. 363 till / until till 口语化，常用于日常；until 更正式，常用于书面。 Wait till I come back. / He stayed until midnight. 364 tired / sleepy tired 指“累、疲劳”；sleepy 指“困、想睡觉”。 I'm tired after work. / I feel sleepy now. 365 tool / instrument tool 泛指“工具”，常为手工用具；instrument 更正式，多指精密仪器。 A hammer is a tool. / The doctor uses an instrument. 366 total / whole total 指“总数、总额”，强调加起来；whole 指“整体”，强调完整。 The total is 100 yuan. / The whole class went there. 367 traffic / transportation traffic 指“交通、车流”；transportation 指“运输”，更正式。 The traffic is heavy. / Public transportation is convenient. 368 travel / journey travel 泛指“旅行”，过程或行为；journey 指“旅程”，强调过程。 I like to travel. / The journey took a week. 369 treat / cure treat 指“治疗”，过程；cure 指“治愈”，结果。 The doctor treated the patient. / The medicine cured him. 370 trust / believe trust 指“信任”，多为人；believe 指“相信”，多为事实或观点。 I trust you. / I believe what you say. 371 truth / fact truth 泛指“真相、事实”，抽象；fact 指“事实、实际”，具体。 Tell me the truth. / It's a scientific fact. 372 type / kind type 强调“类型、类别”，更正式；kind 泛指“种类”，口语常用。 This type of phone is popular. / What kind of food do you like? 373 unable / impossible unable 指“不能做”，主语是人或物；impossible 指“不可能”，主语为事。 He is unable to walk. / It's impossible to finish in one day. 374 understand / realize understand 指“理解”，明白意义；realize 指“意识到”，突然明白。 I understand your point. / I suddenly realized my mistake. 375 unusual / rare unusual 指“不常见”，不同寻常；rare 指“罕见”，数量极少。 It's unusual to see snow here. / White tigers are rare. 376 upset / sad upset 指“心烦、难过”，多因挫折；sad 指“伤心、难过”，多因遗憾。 The news made her upset. / He felt sad about the ending. 377 use / employ use 口语化，泛指“使用”；employ 更正式，常用于雇用或正式场合。 You can use my pen. / The company employs many workers. 378 usual / ordinary usual 指“通常、惯常”，频率高；ordinary 指“普通”，没有特别。 I had my usual breakfast. / He is an ordinary boy. 379 value / worth value 名词“价值”；worth 形容词“值……的”。 The value of gold is high. / This book is worth reading. 380 various / different various 指“各种各样”，数量多；different 指“不同”，有差异。 We offer various courses. / They have different ideas. 381 victory / success victory 指“胜利”，多指比赛、战争；success 指“成功”，泛指。 The team won a great victory. / Her success inspired many. 382 visit / call on visit 泛指“拜访、访问”；call on 更正式，多用于短暂拜访。 I visited my friend. / I will call on my uncle. 383 wait / expect wait 指“等待”，有耐心；expect 指“期待、预期”，有希望。 Please wait for me. / I expect good news. 384 wake / awake wake 指“醒来、唤醒”，动作；awake 形容词“醒着”，也作动词。 Wake me at seven. / He is still awake. 385 wander / roam wander 指“漫步、徘徊”，无目的；roam 指“游荡”，更自由。 He wandered in the park. / Cows roam the fields. 386 warn / remind warn 指“警告”，有危险；remind 指“提醒”，帮助记忆。 He warned me of the danger. / Please remind me to call. 387 waste / spend waste 指“浪费”，有负面意义；spend 指“花费”，中性。 Don't waste your time. / I spend money on books. 388 weak / faint weak 指“虚弱”，力量不足；faint 指“虚弱欲晕”，也指微弱。 He is too weak to walk. / She felt faint after running. 389 wealth / fortune wealth 泛指“财富”，财产多；fortune 指“大量财富”，也指运气。 He has great wealth. / She made a fortune in trade. 390 weather / climate weather 指“天气”，短期变化；climate 指“气候”，长期状况。 The weather is fine. / The climate here is mild. 391 weight / load weight 指“重量”，名词；load 指“负载、装载”，可作名词或动词。 What is your weight? / The truck carried a heavy load. 392 well / good well 副词“好地”；good 形容词“好的”。 She sings well. / He is a good student. 393 whole / entire whole 指“整体”，全部；entire 更正式，语气更强。 The whole class is here. / The entire building is empty. 394 wide / broad wide 指“宽”，常用于尺寸；broad 指“宽阔”，多用于抽象。 The river is wide. / He has a broad mind. 395 win / beat win 指“赢、获胜”，获得胜利；beat 指“打败”，使对手失败。 She won the race. / Our team beat theirs. 396 wise / intelligent wise 指“有智慧”，善于判断；intelligent 指“聪明”，智力高。 He is a wise old man. / She is an intelligent student. 397 wish / desire wish 指“希望、祝愿”，语气较弱；desire 指“渴望”，语气强烈。 I wish you luck. / He has a desire for success. 398 wonder / doubt wonder 指“想知道、惊奇”；doubt 指“怀疑、不信”。 I wonder what happened. / I doubt his story. 399 work / job work 泛指“工作”，不可数；job 指“职位”，可数。 I have a lot of work. / He got a new job. 400 worry / care worry 指“担心、焦虑”；care 指“关心、在意”。 Don't worry about me. / I care about your health. 401 worth / value worth 形容词“值……的”；value 名词“价值”。 This book is worth reading. / The value of gold is high. 402 write / compose write 泛指“写作”，日常用语；compose 更正式，多指“创作、作曲”。 She writes a diary every day. / He composed a beautiful song. 403 youth / teenager youth 泛指“青年时期、年轻人”；teenager 特指“13-19岁的青少年”。 He spent his youth in the countryside. / The teenager likes sports. 404 zero / nil zero 泛指数字“零”；nil 更正式，多用于比赛得分。 The temperature fell to zero. / The score was two-nil. 405 zone / area zone 指“区域”，有明确分界或功能；area 泛指“面积、区域”。 This is a danger zone. / The area of the park is large. 406 ability / capability ability 泛指“能力”，天生或后天；capability 指“才能、潜力”，更正式。 She has the ability to sing. / The machine has a great capability. 407 achieve / attain achieve 指“实现、获得”，多为目标；attain 更正式，强调“达到、实现”。 He achieved his dream. / She attained a high level of skill. 408 active / energetic active 指“积极、活跃”；energetic 强调“精力充沛”。 He is an active student. / The children are energetic. 409 actual / current actual 指“实际的”，与理论相对；current 指“当前的”，现在的。 The actual cost is higher. / The current situation is serious. 410 advise / inform advise 指“建议”，主观色彩；inform 指“通知”，提供信息。 He advised me to rest. / Please inform me of any changes. 411 affect / influence affect 动词“影响”；influence 名词/动词，强调“影响力”。 The weather affects our mood. / He has a strong influence on me. 412 afraid / fearful afraid 口语常用，表示“害怕”；fearful 更正式，强调“可怕、担心”。 She is afraid of dogs. / They are fearful of the future. 413 agree / consent agree 泛指“同意”，口语常用；consent 更正式，指正式批准。 I agree with your idea. / She gave her consent to the plan. 414 allow / tolerate allow 指“允许”，肯定许可；tolerate 指“容忍”，勉强接受。 Smoking is not allowed. / I can't tolerate rude behavior. 415 amount / quantity amount 用于不可数名词；quantity 用于可数或不可数，强调数量。 A large amount of money. / The quantity of apples is small. 416 ancient / antique ancient 指“古代的”，时间久远；antique 指“古董”，有收藏价值。 The ancient city is famous. / This vase is an antique. 417 anxious / eager anxious 指“焦虑、担心”；eager 指“渴望、急切”。 He is anxious about the test. / She is eager to learn. 418 apparent / obvious apparent 指“明显”，但可能是假象；obvious 指“一目了然”，真实。 His anger was apparent. / It's obvious you are right. 419 appoint / assign appoint 指“任命、指定”，多为人事安排；assign 指“分配”，多为任务。 He was appointed manager. / The teacher assigned homework. 420 argue / debate argue 泛指“争论、辩论”；debate 更正式，常为公开讨论。 They argued about the price. / The candidates debated on TV. 421 arise / rise arise 指“出现、产生”，多为抽象；rise 指“上升”，多为物理。 Problems may arise. / The sun rises in the east. 422 artificial / man-made artificial 强调“人造、假的”，多为仿制品；man-made 指“人为制造”，非天然。 Artificial flowers look real. / The dam is man-made. 423 ashamed / embarrassed ashamed 指“羞愧”，因为做错事；embarrassed 指“尴尬”，因处境难堪。 He is ashamed of lying. / She felt embarrassed to speak. 424 attend / participate attend 指“出席、到场”；participate 强调“参与”，有实际行动。 She attended the meeting. / He participated in the contest. 425 attract / charm attract 指“吸引”，外部吸引力；charm 指“迷住”，强调内在魅力。 The show attracted many people. / She charmed everyone with her smile. 426 average / ordinary average 指“平均、一般水平”，多为数据；ordinary 指“普通”，无特别之处。 He is of average height. / It's an ordinary day. 427 avoid / escape avoid 指“避免”，主动不做；escape 指“逃脱”，从不利处境离开。 She avoids junk food. / They escaped from danger. 428 background / backdrop background 泛指“背景”，抽象或具体；backdrop 指“舞台背景”，具体。 He has a good family background. / The mountains form a backdrop. 429 balance / stability balance 指“平衡”，有动态；stability 指“稳定”，不易改变。 He lost his balance. / The bridge has great stability. 430 basic / fundamental basic 指“基本”，常用；fundamental 更正式，强调“根本”。 Basic needs are important. / This is a fundamental issue. 431 beautiful / handsome beautiful 多形容女性或风景；handsome 多形容男性。 She is a beautiful girl. / He is a handsome man. 432 behavior / conduct behavior 泛指“行为”，口语常用；conduct 更正式，强调举止规范。 His behavior is strange. / Your conduct was excellent. 433 belief / faith belief 泛指“信念、相信”；faith 更正式，强调“信仰、信任”。 My belief is strong. / He has faith in God. 434 belong / own belong 指“属于”，归属关系；own 指“拥有”，法律或物理所有权。 The book belongs to me. / She owns this car. 435 benefit / profit benefit 指“好处、益处”，常为无形；profit 指“利润”，常为金钱。 Exercise brings health benefits. / The company made a profit. 436 beside / next to beside 指“在……旁边”，较正式；next to 表示“紧挨着”，口语常用。 He sat beside me. / The school is next to a bank. 437 blame / fault blame 动词“责备”；fault 名词“过错、缺点”。 Don't blame me. / It's my fault. 438 blend / mix blend 强调“融合”，成分难分；mix 指“混合”，成分可分。 Blend the colors well. / Mix the flour and eggs. 439 blow / blast blow 泛指“吹、吹气”；blast 指“一阵强风”，更猛烈。 The wind blows hard. / A blast of wind shook the tree. 440 bold / brave bold 指“大胆”，敢于冒险；brave 指“勇敢”，面对危险不退缩。 He gave a bold answer. / She was brave in the fire. 441 borrow / rent borrow 指“借入”，无偿；rent 指“租用”，有偿。 Can I borrow your book? / We rent a car for travel. 442 brief / concise brief 指“简短”，时间或内容少；concise 指“简明”，言简意赅。 Give me a brief report. / Her summary was concise. 443 broad / wide broad 更正式，多用于抽象或宽阔概念；wide 口语化，多指尺寸。 He has a broad mind. / The river is wide. 444 calm / peaceful calm 指“冷静、平静”，无波动；peaceful 指“和平、宁静”，环境无争端。 She remained calm. / The village is peaceful. 445 capital / asset capital 指“资金、资本”；asset 指“资产”，包括资金和其他有价值物。 The company needs more capital. / Her house is her biggest asset. 446 capture / seize capture 指“捕获”，多用武力或技巧；seize 指“抓住”，多为突然行动。 The army captured the city. / The police seized the drugs. 447 careful / attentive careful 指“细心、小心”；attentive 指“专心、注意”。 Be careful with the glass. / He is attentive in class. 448 celebrate / congratulate celebrate 指“庆祝”；congratulate 指“祝贺”。 We celebrate the festival. / I congratulate you on your success. 449 center / middle center 指“中心”，最中间点；middle 泛指“中间”，可往前后左右。 Stand at the center. / The ball is in the middle of the field. 450 change / replace change 泛指“改变、变化”；replace 指“替换、取代”。 The weather changes quickly. / He replaced the broken part. 451 cheap / low-cost cheap 口语多用，有贬义；low-cost 强调“低成本”，中性。 The shoes are cheap. / This is a low-cost solution. 452 choose / elect choose 泛指“选择”；elect 指“选举”，正式投票产生。 Choose a book to read. / He was elected president. 453 claim / declare claim 指“声称”，多为主张；declare 更正式，指“声明、宣布”。 He claimed he was innocent. / The government declared war. 454 clean / clear clean 指“干净、清洁”；clear 指“清楚、明亮”，无障碍。 The room is clean. / The sky is clear. 455 clever / wise clever 指“聪明、机灵”；wise 指“有智慧”，善于判断。 She is a clever girl. / He is a wise leader. 456 climb / ascend climb 泛指“攀登”；ascend 更正式，强调“上升”。 We climbed the mountain. / The balloon ascended. 457 collect / assemble collect 指“收集、收藏”；assemble 指“集合、装配”，更正式。 He collects coins. / The students assembled in the hall. 458 combine / unite combine 指“结合”，变为一体；unite 指“团结、联合”，多指人。 Combine the two ideas. / The team united for victory. 459 comfort / console comfort 泛指“安慰、舒适”；console 更正式，指“安慰”。 She comforted the child. / He consoled his friend. 460 common / universal common 指“常见”，普遍存在；universal 指“普遍”，全世界通用。 It's a common mistake. / Music is a universal language. 461 compare / contrast compare 指“比较”，找相同点或不同点；contrast 指“对比”，突出不同。 Let's compare the two plans. / The photo contrasts light and shadow. 462 compete / contest compete 指“竞争”；contest 指“比赛、竞赛”。 Many teams compete for the prize. / She won the singing contest. 463 complete / thorough complete 指“完整、全部”；thorough 指“彻底、全面”。 The plan is complete. / He made a thorough search. 464 complex / complicated complex 指“复杂”，结构多样；complicated 指“复杂、难懂”，多为过程。 The system is complex. / The instructions are complicated. 465 compliment / praise compliment 指“称赞、恭维”，常为客套；praise 泛指“表扬”，真心认可。 She gave me a compliment. / The teacher praised the class. 466 compose / comprise compose 指“组成、创作”；comprise 更正式，指“包含、由……组成”。 The team is composed of five boys. / The country comprises ten states. 467 conclude / finish conclude 更正式，指“结束、下结论”；finish 口语化，指“完成”。 The meeting concluded at noon. / I finished my homework. 468 confident / convinced confident 指“自信”，相信自己；convinced 指“确信”，相信他人或事实。 She is confident about her answer. / I am convinced you are right. 469 connect / attach connect 指“连接”，成网络或系统；attach 指“附上、贴上”。 Connect the cable to the TV. / Please attach the file. 470 conscious / aware conscious 指“有意识”，清醒状态；aware 指“意识到”，有认知。 He is conscious after the accident. / She is aware of the danger. 471 consequence / result consequence 通常指不好的“后果”；result 指“结果”，中性。 He suffered the consequence. / The result is surprising. 472 conserve / preserve conserve 指“节约、保护”，多为资源；preserve 指“保存、维护”，多为文化、粮食。 We should conserve water. / They preserve ancient buildings. 473 consist / compose consist 指“由……组成”，常与of连用；compose 强调“组成”，主动语态。 The group consists of five people. / Water is composed of hydrogen and   oxygen. 474 constant / consistent constant 指“持续、恒定”；consistent 指“一致、连贯”。 She is under constant stress. / Your story is not consistent. 475 consult / refer consult 指“咨询、请教”；refer 指“参考、提及”。 Consult your doctor. / Please refer to the guidebook. 476 contain / restrain contain 指“包含、容纳”；restrain 指“抑制、克制”。 The box contains toys. / He could not restrain his anger. 477 continue / proceed continue 泛指“继续”，不间断；proceed 更正式，指“继续进行”。 Please continue your work. / The meeting proceeded as planned. 478 convenient / comfortable convenient 指“方便”，省时省力；comfortable 指“舒服”，身心愉快。 The shop is convenient. / The sofa is comfortable. 479 correct / accurate correct 指“正确”，无误；accurate 指“精确”，没有偏差。 The answer is correct. / The data is accurate. 480 cost / expense cost 指“成本、花费”，一般为物品；expense 指“开销”，常指生活费用。 The cost of the car is high. / Travel is a big expense. 481 count / calculate count 指“数数”，简单流程；calculate 指“计算”，更复杂。 She can count to ten. / He calculated the total. 482 courage / bravery courage 指“勇气”，内在品质；bravery 指“勇敢”，具体行动。 He showed great courage. / Her bravery saved a life. 483 create / originate create 泛指“创造、产生”；originate 更正式，指“起源、发明”。 She created a new style. / The idea originated in China. 484 criticize / blame criticize 指“批评”，多为建设性；blame 指“责备”，多为负面。 She criticized my work. / Don't blame me for the mistake. 485 cry / weep cry 泛指“哭泣”，常用；weep 更为正式，指“抽泣”。 The baby is crying. / She wept for joy. 486 damage / injure damage 指“损坏”，多为物品；injure 指“伤害”，多为人或动物。 The storm damaged the house. / He injured his leg. 487 dangerous / risky dangerous 指“危险”，确定有威胁；risky 指“有风险”，不确定。 The journey is dangerous. / The plan is risky. 488 decide / judge decide 泛指“决定”，选择行动；judge 指“判断”，评价是非。 I decided to leave. / Don't judge by appearance. 489 decrease / decline decrease 指“减少”，数量变小；decline 指“下降”，多为趋势、质量。 Sales decreased this year. / His health declined quickly. 490 definite / certain definite 指“明确、肯定”，无疑问；certain 指“确定”，有把握。 I need a definite answer. / She is certain to win. 491 delicate / fragile delicate 指“精致、脆弱”，多为艺术品或健康；fragile 指“易碎”，多为物品。 The vase is delicate. / The glass is fragile. 492 demand / request demand 指“强烈要求”，语气强；request 指“请求”，礼貌语气。 They demand an answer. / He requested a seat. 493 deny / refuse deny 指“否认”，不承认事实；refuse 指“拒绝”，不接受。 He denied the accusation. / She refused my help. 494 depend / rely depend 指“依赖”，中性；rely 指“依靠”，常含信任。 Children depend on parents. / I rely on your help. 495 desire / ambition desire 指“渴望”，可大可小；ambition 指“抱负、野心”，多为宏大目标。 He has a desire to travel. / Her ambition is to be a doctor. 496 discover / explore discover 指“发现”，找到新事物；explore 指“探索”，主动寻找。 He discovered a new star. / They explored the forest. 497 divide / distribute divide 指“分开、划分”；distribute 指“分发、分配”。 Divide the cake into pieces. / The teacher distributed books. 498 doubt / suspect doubt 指“怀疑、不信”；suspect 指“猜想、怀疑有…的可能”。 I doubt his words. / I suspect he is lying. 499 duty / obligation duty 指“职责”，分内的事；obligation 指“义务”，法律或道德责任。 It's my duty to help. / You have an obligation to pay taxes. 500 eager / keen eager 指“渴望”，积极盼望；keen 指“热衷”，兴趣强烈。 She is eager to win. / He is keen on football. 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$