选择性必修第一册 Unit 6 Nurturing nature-【高中必刷题】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修1+2同步课件（外研版）

英语 选择性必修 第一册 WY 1 选择性必修第一册 Unit 6 Nurturing nature 2 01 Period I Starting out & Understanding ideas Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar 3 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.The patient who had an operation on his lung last week recovered ________ （steady）. steadily 解析 句意为：这位上周做了肺部手术的病人稳步康复了。设空处修饰动词recovered，应用副词。故填steadily。 2.You need to deal with the complicated situation very _________ （delicate） to avoid further trouble. delicately 解析 句意为：你需要非常谨慎地处理这个复杂的情况以避免进一步的麻烦。设空处修饰动词短语deal with，应用副词。故填delicately。 3.We may think of this as a whole ecology, an information environment that’s __________ （massive） connected. massively 解析 句意为：我们可以把这看作一个完整的生态圈系统，即一种大规模关联的信息环境。设空处修饰形容词connected，应用副词。故填massively。 刷单句填空 4 4.We all like the new teacher, who always brings the class ___ life with his humour. to 解析 句意为：我们都喜欢这位新老师，他总是用他的幽默使课堂生动起来。bring… to life是固定搭配，意为“使……更有趣或更生动”。故填to。 5.We will have timed entry into the museum, and then each family is free to explore ___ their leisure. at 解析 句意为：我们将定时进入博物馆，然后每个家庭都可以在闲暇时自由探索。at one’s leisure意为“在某人空闲时”，为固定短语。 6.________ （locate） in southern Italy, Mount Etna is the highest active volcano in Europe. Located 解析 句意为：埃特纳火山位于意大利南部，是欧洲海拔最高的活火山。固定短语be located in意为“位于”，此处位于句首，在句中作状语。故填Located。 刷单句填空 5 7._______ I knew it, an hour had passed and it was time to move on to lunch. Before 解析 句意为：不知不觉一个小时过去了，到了该吃午饭的时候了。逗号前后均为完整的句子，故设空处应填连词，根据语境可知，此处表示“在……以前”，应用before引导时间状语从句。 8.The project which was agreed last month will be put _____ operation soon. into 解析 句意为：上个月获得批准的项目即将实施。固定短语put… into operation意为“实施；使……开始工作”，故填into。 刷单句填空 6 9.All these years they _____________________ （contribute） articles to our magazines. have been contributing 解析 句意为：这些年来,他们一直为我们的杂志撰稿。根据时间状语All these years可知，contribute的动作从过去一直持续到现在，并有可能继续下去，应用现在完成进行时，故填have been contributing。 10.In fact, this isn’t the only positive rule _____ concerns the younger generation. that 解析 设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词rule，关系词在从句中作主语，先行词指物，并且先行词前面有the only修饰，关系词只能用that。 刷单句填空 7 根据提示补全句子。 1.希望这门语言已经引起了你的注意，你会查看一些资料并进一步了解它。（catch） Hopefully, the language____ _______ _____ ____________, and you will take a look at some of the resources and learn more about it. has caught your eye/attention 2.旧文件被保存在一个玻璃柜中以防止它们破损。（protect） The old documents are kept in a glass case ___ _______ ______ ______ ________. to protect them from damage 3.老师说的话给了我足够的勇气去克服学习法语的困难。（overcome） What the teacher said gave me enough courage ___ __________ ____ __________ in learning French. to overcome the difficulties 刷单句表达 8 4.一次网上调查表明，环境保护已成为国内外的参与者最关注的问题之一。（top concern） An online survey found that environmental protection is _______ ____ ____ _________ ______ ___________ both at home and abroad. among the top concerns for/to participants 5.1973年，袁隆平成为世界上第一个种植高产水稻的农业专家。（output） In 1973, Yuan Longping became the first agricultural expert in the world___ __________ _____ __________ ____ ___ _____ _______. to grow/plant rice that/which has a high output 刷单句表达 9 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I’m so excited when I am on the train running fast and steadily across the “roof of the world”.It takes years to build the Qinghai-Xizang Railway, 1._______ is a record of all Chinese people’s efforts 2.____________ （overcome） the most difficult engineering challenges. How to protect the delicate ecosystem was among the top concerns. The splendid Qingshuihe Bridge that can allow the animals to move safely and 3.______ （free） in their habitat was built 4._____ permafrost. Wild animals such as Tibetan antelopes have now been using these passages for years.140,000 square metres of wetland was moved to a new area so as to protect 5.____ （it） distinct ecosystem. which to overcome freely over its 刷课文改编填空 10 Tanggula Station 6.__________ （locate） at over 5,000 metres above sea level, so railway workers here faced the greatest challenge of the thin air, changeable weather and high levels of UV radiation.7.________ several oxygen-making stations were constructed to keep them 8.________ （health）, and they were also able to enjoy regular holidays in lower areas. As I pass Cuona Lake, a sense of pride and 9.____________ （achieve） fills my heart. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau 10._________________ （draw） people’s admiration for centuries. Now, because of the efforts of Chinese people, visitors from all over the country can enjoy these magical landscapes. is located But/Yet healthy achievement has been drawing 刷课文改编填空 11 1._______ which 解析 设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the Qinghai-Xizang Railway，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导该从句。 2.____________ to overcome 解析 efforts to do sth意为“做某事所付出的努力”，为固定搭配，故填to overcome。 3.______ freely 解析 设空处与safely共同修饰动词move，应用副词形式，表示“自由地；无拘无束地”，故填freely。 4._____ 5.____ over its 解析 设空处修饰名词ecosystem，应用形容词性物主代词。 刷课文改编填空 12 6.__________ is located 解析 be located at意为“位于……”，主语为Tanggula Station，谓语动词应用单数形式；此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。 7.________ But/Yet 解析 设空处前句讲述铁路工人们面临很大的挑战，后句讲建立一些氧气供应站以使工人们保持健康。两句之间为转折关系，故填But/Yet。 8.________ healthy 解析 此处为“keep+宾语+宾补”结构，应用形容词作宾补。 刷课文改编填空 13 9.____________ achievement 解析 a sense of achievement意为“成就感”。 10._________________ has been drawing 解析 根据句中的时间状语for centuries及语境可知，draw的动作从过去持续到现在，且有可能继续下去，应用现在完成进行时；主语为单数概念，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。 刷课文改编填空 14 ［全国甲2023］阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For thousands of years, people have told fables （寓言） 1.________ （teach） a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the 2.______ （six） century B.C.Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 3.___ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.” Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fables. In fact, her style and tone （口吻） are seemingly directed at children.“There was once a town in the heart of America 4._______ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, 5.__________ （borrow） some familiar words from many age-old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 6._________ （intend） for everyone. 7._________ （difference） from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 8.____ saving their environment. to teach sixth as where borrowing intended Different for 刷语法填空 15 The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty 9.________ （warn） about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still 10.____________ （employ） today to draw attention to important truths. warning be employed 【语篇导读】几千年来，人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传递智慧。如今，蕾切尔·卡森则通过创作风格简单直接的寓言故事来控诉人类对环境的破坏，呼吁人们保护环境。 刷语法填空 16 1.________ to teach 解析 句意为：几千年来，人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传递智慧。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语have told，且与设空处之间无连词连接，设空处应填非谓语动词；根据并列连词or后的to pass on可知，此处也应用动词不定式形式，表目的。故填to teach。 2.______ sixth 解析 句意为：寓言是许多早期文化口述传统的一部分，著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6世纪。表示“……世纪”，应用“the+序数词+century”。故填sixth。 3.___ as 解析 句意为：然而，正如蕾切尔·卡森在《明日的寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。as sb says为固定句型，意为“正如某人所说”。故填as。 刷语法填空 17 4._______ where 解析 句意为：“从前在美国的中心有一个小镇，那里的万物似乎全都与其四周的环境和平共处。”她的寓言是这样开头的，并且从许多古老的寓言中借用了一些熟悉的词语。分析句子结构可知，设空处前后都是完整的句子；设空处后的句子修饰限制前面的town，应是定语从句，先行词town指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以应用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 5.__________ borrowing 解析 句意见上一题解析。句中已有谓语动词begins，且其与设空处之间没有连词连接；分析句子结构可知，____ some familiar words from many age-old fables作状语，设空处应用非谓语动词形式；her fable与borrow之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填borrowing。 6._________ intended 解析 句意为：然而，简洁的风格背后是为所有人准备的严肃信息。be intended for… 是固定短语，意为“为……而设计的”，此处作后置定语，用非谓语形式。故填intended。 刷语法填空 18 7._________ Different 解析 句意为：与传统寓言不同，卡森的故事以一种指责而不是教益结束。be different from… 意为“与……不同”，此处考查形容词短语作状语。故填Different。 8.____ for 解析 句意为：她警告社会面临的环境危险，并教导人们必须承担起拯救环境的责任。take responsibility for （doing） sth为固定搭配，意为“承担（做）某事的责任”。故填for。 9.________ warning 解析 句意为：然而，卡森的主题是关于环境破坏的更沉重的警告。设空处前有不定冠词a和形容词比较级more weighty,且设空处在句中作表语，应用名词单数形式。 10.____________ be employed 解析 句意为：卡森证明了代代相传的简单的文学形式，今天仍然可以被用来引起人们对重要事实的关注。分析句子结构可知，设空处作宾语从句中的谓语，employ与宾语从句的主语a simple literary form之间是被动关系，且设空处前有情态动词can，故填be employed。 刷语法填空 19 01 Period I Starting out & Understanding ideas Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 20 A ［山西省实验中学2025高二月考］The extinction of animals on Earth is a serious issue. When people kill animals in order to use their fur or skin for fashion, it is even worse, since it’s not even for a matter of human survival. That’s why a London zoo decided to make a powerful statement at the Siamese crocodile enclosure （围场）. When visitors come in expecting to see a crocodile, they’re greeted with a handbag instead, making a very effective and powerful point about Illegal Wildlife Trade （IWT） and the harm it causes to the species involved. A sign by the enclosure reads, “This bag used to be found swimming in slow-moving rivers and streams across Southeast Asia and Indonesia. Over the last 75 years, more than 80% of Siamese crocodiles have disappeared. Many, like this one, were hunted for their skins as part of IWT.” 刷阅读理解 21 Native to parts of Southeast Asia, Siamese crocodiles are critically endangered and have become virtually extinct in the wild. Due to hunting as well as habitat loss, they are now absent from nearly 99% of their original range. A huge part of the decline of the population is due to humans using their wetland habitat for rice farming, and things only took a turn for the worse when large-scale hunting for their skin for commercial purposes began in the 1950s. The particular handbag that is on display at the zoo was confiscated by the government at a UK airport, according to Benjamin Tapley, the Curator of Amphibians and Reptiles at the Zoological Society of London （ZSL）.Tapley told HuffPost UK, “We made this exhibit, within London Zoo Reptile House, to draw attention to the destructive impact IWT is having on species around the world. At ZSL, we are working globally with governments and local communities to protect wildlife, support law enforcement （执法） that targets IWT networks, empower local communities affected by IWT and reduce demand for threatened wildlife.” 【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了伦敦动物园如何通过展览的方式让公众了解动物灭绝的严重问题，特别是非法野生动物贸易对暹罗鳄等物种的危害。 刷阅读理解 22 1.Why does the sign say this handbag used to swim?( ) A A.It is made of a crocodile’s skin. B.It is made into a crocodile shape. C.It is light enough to float on water. D.It was kept in flowing rivers at first. 解析 推理判断题。根据第三段“A sign by the enclosure reads, ‘This bag used to be found swimming in slow-moving rivers and streams across Southeast Asia and Indonesia.Over the last 75 years, more than 80% of Siamese crocodiles have disappeared.Many, like this one, were hunted for their skins as part of IWT.’”可知，该手提包是用一条鳄鱼的皮制成的，而这条鳄鱼曾经生活在东南亚和印度尼西亚的河流或溪流中，该段中将鳄鱼比作一只手提包，形象生动。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 23 2.What is paragraph 4 mainly about?( ) D A.Commercial hunting of Siamese crocodiles. B.Commercial value of Siamese crocodiles. C.Destruction of Siamese crocodiles’ habitat. D.Causes that make Siamese crocodiles endangered. 解析 主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“Due to hunting as well as habitat loss… humans using their wetland habitat for rice farming, and things only took a turn for the worse when large-scale hunting for their skin for commercial purposes”可知，暹罗鳄的数量大幅减少，很大程度上是因为人类将它们栖息的湿地用于水稻种植，以及人们出于商业目的对其进行大规模捕猎，由此可知，第四段主要介绍了暹罗鳄濒危的原因，故选D项。 刷阅读理解 24 3.What does the underlined word “confiscated” in paragraph 5 mean?( ) B A.Sold. B.Seized. C.Stolen. D.Exhibited. 解析 词义猜测题。根据画线单词前的was和下文by the government at a UK airport以及目前这个手提包正在动物园展出这一事实可推测，这个手提包是政府从机场拿走的，作为非法物品被政府查扣没收。由此可知，画线单词和B项Seized （没收；扣押）意思相近。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 25 4.What do Tapley’s words focus on?( ) B A.The harm IWT caused. B.The purpose of showing the handbag. C.The importance of wildlife protection. D.The crisis endangered animals are facing. 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Tapley told HuffPost UK, ‘We made this exhibit, within London Zoo Reptile House, to draw attention to the destructive impact IWT is having on species around the world.At ZSL…’”可知，塔普利介绍这个展览的目的是让人们关注非法野生动物贸易对世界各地物种的破坏性影响以及伦敦动物学会的相关工作，由此可知，塔普利的话重点是强调该手提包的目的。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 26 词汇加油站 核心词汇 1.critically adv.很大程度上 2.decline n.& vi.下降，减少 进阶词汇 1.virtually adv.几乎，差不多 2.commercial adj.以获利为目的的；商业的 刷阅读理解 27 B ［湖南师大附中2024高二月考］Climate change and increases in drought and rainstorms pose serious challenges to our water management. An international group of scientists has brought together a large body of research on water quality in rivers worldwide. The study shows that river water quality tends to worsen during extreme weather events. As these events become more frequent and severe due to climate change, ecosystem health and human access to safe water may be increasingly under threat. The research led by Dr Michelle van Vliet of Utrecht University analysed 965 cases of river water quality changes during extreme weather such as drought, heatwaves, rainstorms, and flooding. The analysis shows that in most cases water quality tends to become worse during droughts and heatwaves （68%）, rainstorms and floods （51%）, and under long-term changes in climate （56%）.During droughts, less water is available to dilute contaminants （稀释污染物）, while rainstorms and floods generally result in more contaminants that run off from land 刷阅读理解 28 to rivers and streams. Improvements or mixed responses in water quality are also reported for some cases, for example when increased transport of pollutants is offset （抵消） by more dilution during flood events. Water quality changes are strongly driven by changes in water temperature. Land use and other human factors such as wastewater treatment also shape how this plays out.“Understanding the complex interplay between climate, land use, and human drivers, which together influence the sources and transport of pollutants, is crucial,” says Van Vliet. The research also calls for more data collection and studies of water quality in non-Western countries.“We need better monitoring of water quality in Africa and Asia. Most water quality studies now focus on rivers and streams in North America and Europe.” The results of the study underline the urgent need for a better understanding of water quality changes during extreme weather events. It sounds an alarm to us. Only then will we be able to develop effective water management strategies that can safeguard our access to clean water and ensure ecosystem health under climate change and increasing weather extremes. 刷阅读理解 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究，该研究表明气候变化、极端天气和人类活动对水资源质量构成严重威胁。 刷阅读理解 30 1.What can we learn from paragraph 1?( ) C A.Human beings should be blamed for climate change. B.Worsened water quality is threatening the climate. C.Water quality in rivers worldwide is under risk. D.Water management has been improved recently. 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，水资源质量因气候变化、极端天气等因素受到严峻威胁，世界各地河流的水质处于危险之中。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 31 2.What is paragraph 2 mainly about?( ) C A.The threats caused by extreme weather. B.The factors influencing water safety. C.The findings of Van Vliet’s research. D.The design of Van Vliet’s experiment. 解析 主旨大意题。第二段是总分结构，根据该段第一句可知，本段主要介绍米歇尔·范弗利特博士领导的研究，根据下句中的The analysis shows可知，下文具体介绍该研究的结果。 刷阅读理解 32 3.According to paragraph 3, which will Van Vliet probably agree with?( ) B A.Water quality in non-Western countries is more terrible. B.Human activities have a big influence on water quality. C.Related data collection and studies of Europe are adequate. D.Water quality changes are dominated by water temperature. 解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Land use and other human factors such as wastewater treatment also shape how this plays out.”和“Understanding the complex interplay between climate, land use, and human drivers, which together influence the sources and transport of pollutants, is crucial”可知，土地使用和废水处理等其他人为因素也影响水质变化，范弗利特认为了解气候、土地利用和人类驱动因素之间的复杂相互作用至关重要，因此可得出她认为人类活动对水质有很大影响。 刷阅读理解 33 4.What is the author’s attitude towards Van Vliet’s research?( ) D A.Unclear. B.Contradictory. C.Doubtful. D.Approving. 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The results of the study underline the urgent need for a better understanding of water quality changes during extreme weather events.It sounds an alarm to us.”可知，作者认为该研究给人们敲响了警钟，所以对该研究持支持态度。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 34 ［山东枣庄2024高二期中］Helping the environment and protecting our resources are very important activities.1.___ There are several ways that you can use to help protect this planet we call home. Use reusable bags. Plastic bags that get thrown out end up in landfills or in other parts of the environment.2.___ Also, it takes a long time for the bags to decompose （分解）.Therefore, whether you are shopping for food, clothes or books, use a reusable bag. This cuts down on litter and prevents animals from getting hold of plastic bags. Use reusable drink containers. Instead of buying individually-packaged drinks, consider buying a reusable water bottle.3.___ A lot of coffee shops offer a discount to customers who use a reusable container for their drinks. B E G 刷7选5 35 Save electricity. Use energy-efficient light bulbs （灯泡） instead of regular bulbs. They last longer, which will save you a bit of money. What’s more, make sure you turn off lights, the TV, and other devices when you are not using them. Turn off your air conditioning or heat when it’s not necessary.4.___ Open your windows in the early fall or put on more clothes in the early winter. Save water. More water is wasted than we realise. Turn off the water tap when you are brushing your teeth. Don’t turn your shower on until you’re ready to get in and wash your hair.Limit your water usage as you wash dishes.5.___ A F 刷7选5 36 A.This is especially true as the seasons change. B.And students without doubt can make a difference. C.The longer they last, the more money you will save. D.Everyone should take measures to fight against the water pollution. E.These can kill animals who get stuck in them or mistake them for food. F.Developing these habits will be good for both the environment and your wallet. G.Not only will this help protect the environment, but it will also help you save money. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个保护环境和资源的方法和建议。 刷7选5 37 1.___ B 解析 根据上文的“Helping the environment and protecting our resources are very important activities.”及下文的“There are several ways that you can use to help protect this planet we call home.”可知，此处应承上启下，B项（毫无疑问，学生可以发挥作用）符合语境，并且引出下文提出的一些保护环境和资源的方法。故选B项。 2.___ E 解析 根据下文的“Also, it takes a long time for the bags to decompose.”可知，设空处也应介绍使用塑料袋的坏处，E项（这些塑料袋可以杀死被困在里面或者把它们误认为是食物的动物）符合语境，该句中的These指的就是上文的Plastic bags。故选E项。 刷7选5 38 3.___ G 解析 上文的“Instead of buying individually-packaged drinks, consider buying a reusable water bottle.”提到购买可重复使用的水瓶，下文的“A lot of coffee shops offer a discount to customers who use a reusable container for their drinks.”说明使用可重复使用的容器能省钱。G项（这不仅有助于保护环境，还能帮你省钱）起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。 4.___ A 解析 上文的“Turn off your air conditioning or heat when it’s not necessary.”提到关掉空调或暖气可以节约用电，下文的“Open your windows in the early fall or put on more clothes in the early winter.”提到季节变化时可以采取的节约用电的方式。故A项（随着季节的变化，这一点尤其正确）符合语境。 5.___ F 解析 根据本段内容可知，本段主要介绍如何节约用水，F项（养成这些习惯对环境和你的钱包都有好处）是对上文内容的总结，符合语境。 刷7选5 39 词汇加油站 核心词汇 1.get hold of抓住；握住 2.limit vt.限制；限定 n.限制；限量 刷7选5 40 02 Period II Using language—Presenting ideas Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar 41 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.The sharing economy has grown rapidly in recent years and has helped drive_________ （economy） growth. economic 解析 句意为：共享经济在近几年快速发展，并且它帮助促进了经济的增长。设空处修饰名词growth，应用形容词，表示“经济的”。故填economic。 2.However, I soon discovered that much has changed since the days of __________ （disturb） reports of camps among tons of rubbish. disturbing 解析 句意为：然而，我很快发现，自从有令人不安的报道称营地里有成吨的垃圾以来，情况发生了很大变化。设空处修饰名词reports，应用形容词；disturb的形容词形式有两种，disturbing常用于修饰事或物，意为“令人不安的”；disturbed常用于修饰人，意为“不安的”。此处修饰reports，要用disturbing。 刷单句填空 42 3.As is known, every _________ （apply） is to be interviewed before they are admitted to become workers in this company. applicant 解析 句意为：众所周知，所有申请者在被这家公司录用之前都要接受面试。设空处作主语，指人，应用名词，其前有every修饰，应用单数形式。故填applicant。 4.The only way to make high-quality, lasting friendships is to learn to be __________ （genuine） interested in your friends and their interests. genuinely 解析 句意为：建立高质量、持久友谊的唯一方法是学会对你的朋友和他们的兴趣真正感兴趣。设空处修饰形容词interested，作状语，要用副词形式。故填genuinely。 5.They care about their individuality and have strong __________ （prefer） for using smart home appliances to make their lives easier and healthier. preference 解析 句意为：他们在意自己的个性，并且非常喜欢使用智能家电使他们的生活更舒适、更健康。设空处作have的宾语，其前有形容词strong修饰，应用名词形式。 刷单句填空 43 6.To relieve work pressure, you can go to the park ___ your leisure, enjoying the fresh air and the beauty of nature. at 解析 句意为：为了缓解工作压力，你可以在闲暇时去公园，享受新鲜空气和大自然的美景。固定搭配at （your） leisure意为“有空时，空闲时”，故填at。 7.I would have no hesitation in recommending him for the job, because his _____________ （qualify） are so satisfactory. qualifications 解析 句意为：我将毫不犹豫地推荐他做这项工作，因为他的资历是如此令人满意。设空处作because引导的原因状语从句的主语，其前有形容词性物主代词his修饰，其后有are,应用名词的复数形式。 8.Most members of the committee were ___ favour of the suggestion; only a minority were against it. in 解析 句意为：委员会的大多数成员都赞成这个建议，只有少数人反对。in favour of意为“支持；赞同”，为固定短语。 刷单句填空 44 9.Scientists warn that coastal （沿海的） farms around the world are ______ threat from rising sea level. under 解析 句意为：科学家警告说，世界各地的沿海农场正受到海平面上升的威胁。under threat from… 意为“受到……的威胁”，为固定搭配。 10.Human life is regarded as part of nature, and the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony _____ nature. with 解析 句意为：人类生命被认为是大自然的一部分，我们生存的唯一方式就是与大自然和谐相处。in harmony with… 意为“与……和谐相处；和……协调”，为固定短语。 刷单句填空 45 根据提示补全句子。 1.我们学校经常举办一些活动来强调保护环境的重要性。（highlight） Our school often holds some activities ___ _________ ____ ___________ ___ __________ the environment. to highlight the importance of protecting 2.科学家们研究了多年的这种物质由自然界中极为罕见的元素组成，这使得它极其珍贵。（make up） The substance, which scientists have been researching for years, ___ ______ ____ ___ elements that are rarely found in nature, making it extremely precious. is made up of 3.人们从来没有像今天这样如此关注低碳经济。（concerned） Never before _____ _______ _____ ___ __________ _________________ the low-carbon economy as they are today. have people been so concerned about/over/for/with 刷单句表达 46 4.甚至在你睡觉的时候，你的大脑也会感知到这种危机。（aware） Even in your sleep, your brain ___ ______ ___ this crisis. 5.除了基本工资外，还有一系列额外福利。（addition） ___ ________ ___ basic salary, there are a series of extra benefits. is aware of In addition to 刷单句表达 47 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1.I believe that Tom will pass the driving test this time, for he __________________ （prepare） for the test for the last three weeks. has been preparing 解析 句意为：我相信汤姆这次会通过驾照考试的,因为过去三周他一直在为考试做准备。根据时间状语for the last three weeks可知，此处表示prepare的动作从过去一直持续到现在，且根据will pass可知，动作很有可能持续下去，应用现在完成进行时；主语为he，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been preparing。 刷单元语法 48 2.Several companies ____________________________________ （approach） Anderson these few days; he’s had job offers of all sorts. have approached/have been approaching 解析 句意为：这几天有好几家公司（一直在）和安德森接洽，他已经收到了各种各样的工作邀请。根据时间状语these few days和he’s had job offers of all sorts可知，此处应用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作延续到现在，并对现在造成影响；此处也可用现在完成进行时，强调动作会一直延续下去。主语为复数形式，助动词应用have。 刷单元语法 49 3.Since 1962, Pacific Science Center _________________ （inspire） a passion for discovery and lifelong learning in science, math and technology. has been inspiring 解析 句意为：自1962年以来，太平洋科学中心一直在激发人们对科学、数学和技术的发现和终身学习的热情。由时间状语Since 1962可知，inspire这一动作始于过去，持续到现在，根据语境判断，这个动作还会持续下去，故用现在完成进行时；主语为单数概念，助动词用has。 4.I _________________ （read） this novel for three days and I’m almost finished. have been reading 解析 句意为：我已经读这本小说三天了，快读完了。根据for three days以及I’m almost finished可知，此处表示读小说这个动作从过去持续到现在，并且因为没有读完可能继续读下去，所以应用现在完成进行时；主语为I，助动词用have。 刷单元语法 50 5.For the past years, I _________________ （share） a flat with other people, trying to save money to open my own business. have been sharing 解析 句意为：在过去的几年里，我一直和别人合住一套公寓，努力攒钱开自己的公司。由时间状语For the past years可知，和别人合住这件事从过去持续到了现在，并有可能继续持续下去，故应用现在完成进行时；主语为I，助动词用have。 6.She __________________ （practise） the piano every evening this week. has been practising 解析 句意为：她这周每天晚上都在练习弹钢琴。结合句意以及every evening this week可知，此处强调练习弹钢琴这个动作一直在进行，并且这个动作从本周开始，有可能持续下去，应用现在完成进行时；主语为She，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。 刷单元语法 51 7.Tom ________________ （talk） about his wonderful experience during the holiday for hours without noticing the time. has been talking 解析 句意为：汤姆几个小时以来一直在谈论他度假期间的奇妙经历，没有注意到时间。根据句中的for hours without noticing the time可知，汤姆一直在谈论，表示动作一直在持续，应用现在完成进行时；主语为Tom，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been talking。 8.Since last month, George, along with some of his former classmates, _________________ （desire） to have a 20-year gathering during this summer. has been desiring 解析 句意为：自上个月以来，乔治和他以前的一些同班同学就一直希望在今年夏天举办一场毕业二十周年的同学聚会。根据时间状语Since last month可知，“希望在今年夏天举办一场毕业二十周年的同学聚会”这个想法是自上个月以来一直存在的，还可能继续下去，故用现在完成进行时；主语为George，是第三人称单数，助动词用has。 刷单元语法 52 ［浙江杭州2025高二期中］阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With the world’s population 1.________ （grow）, the only way to reduce the enormous greenhouse gas emissions （排放物） from farming is to make food production ever more efficient.2._____________ （unfortunate）, efficiency gains have stalled （停滞） since 2010, meaning farming emissions and deforestation could rise sharply as the demand for food continues to grow. Ma Lin at the Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences and his colleagues 3._________ analysed existing data to estimate greenhouse gas emissions per unit of protein produced between 1961 and 2019 reached this 4.__________ （conclude）.They chose protein rather than calories because it is a 5.______ （good） measure of food quality, says Ma. growing Unfortunately who/that conclusion better 刷语法填空 53 Between 1961 and 2010, greenhouse gas emissions per unit of protein produced 6.____ （fall）by two-thirds, the team found. But since then, there have been no further improvements and there are even some signs of 7.____ increase. Farming is responsible 8.____ around a third of all greenhouse gas emissions and the demand for food is projected to rise by up to 50 per cent by 2050.If the efficiency of farming is no longer improving, this means that emissions from farming will rise by 50 per cent too, the researchers warn. What’s more, 9.___ the efficiency of farming isn’t improving, the only way to increase production is to clear more land for farms, they say, 10.________ （lead）to yet more deforestation and loss of biodiversity. fell an for if leading 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了随着世界人口的增长，减少农业排放的温室气体的重要性以及当前面临的挑战。 刷语法填空 54 1.________ growing 解析 句意为：随着世界人口的增长，减少农业产生的大量温室气体排放物的唯一途径是使粮食生产更加高效。此处为with复合结构，在句中作状语，表示“随着世界人口的增长”，the world’s population和grow之间是逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填growing。 2._____________ Unfortunately 解析 句意为：不幸的是，自2010年以来，（粮食生产）效率的增长已经停滞，这意味着随着对食物的需求持续增长，农业排放物和森林砍伐可能会急剧增加。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用副词修饰整个句子，作状语，意为“不幸地”，且空处位于句首。故填Unfortunately。 3._________ who/that 解析 句意为：中国科学院广州地球化学研究所的马林和他的同事们分析了现有数据以估算1961年至2019年间每单位蛋白质产生的温室气体排放量，得出了这一结论。设空处引导定语从句，先行词指人，且从句缺少主语，应用关系代词who或that引导该从句。故填who/that。 刷语法填空 55 4.__________ conclusion 解析 句意见上一题解析。设空处作reached的宾语，且前有this修饰，应用名词单数形式conclusion，意为“结论”。故填conclusion。 5.______ better 解析 句意为：他们选择蛋白质而不是卡路里，因为它是衡量食物质量的一个更好的标准，马林说。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰名词measure，应用形容词；根据语境和句意可知，此处表示“更好的标准”，所以应用good的比较级better。故填better。 6.____ fell 解析 句意为：该团队发现，在1961年至2010年间，每单位蛋白质产生的温室气体排放量减少了三分之二。分析句子结构可知，此处为句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语Between 1961 and 2010可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填fell。 刷语法填空 56 7.____ an 解析 句意为：但自那以后，就没有进一步的改善了，甚至还有一些增加的迹象。increase在句中意为“增加”，此处表示泛指，且increase的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 8.____ for 解析 句意为：农业所产生的温室气体排放物占总量的三分之一左右，到2050年，食物需求预计将增加多达50%。be responsible for为固定短语，意为“是……的原因；导致”。 9.___ if 解析 句意为：此外，他们说，如果农业效率没有提高，增加产量的唯一方法就是为农场清理更多的土地，这将导致更多的森林砍伐以及生物多样性减少。分析句子结构可知，此处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，应用连词if引导该从句。故填if。 刷语法填空 57 10.________ leading 解析 句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，主句中已有系动词is，且其与设空处之间无连词连接，设空处须用非谓语动词，此处作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词形式。故填leading。 刷语法填空 58 02 Period II Using language—Presenting ideas Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 59 A ［辽宁省2025高二联考］Forests are not just the lungs of the planet: If managed sustainably, they have huge potential to become a major source of welfare, income and renewable products. However, a major change in thinking is needed so that this potential—worth trillions of US dollars in net benefits globally—is made full use of. In other words, we need to change the way that people think about wood. Wood is renewable, recyclable, climate-friendly and incredibly multifunctional. It is one of humanity’s most ancient raw materials. Thanks to innovations in wood-based product development, it even can replace fossil fuel and mineral-based building materials with bigger carbon footprints. 刷阅读理解 60 Recently, the World Meteorological Organization （WMO） warned that there is now a 50 percent chance of average global temperature reaching 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels in the next five years. A huge effort is needed to change the way we live, and wood is part of the solution. Wood can play a key role in replacing single-use plastics, from drinking straws to food packaging, as part of the global movement to end plastic pollution. Equally, wood can offer realistic alternatives （替代品） to steel, concrete and textile fibers that are kinder to the planet. In 2022, the ⅩⅤ World Forestry Congress—the world’s largest ever gathering on forests—urged people to make full use of the potential of legal, sustainably produced wood to transform the building industry and provide renewable energy and innovative new materials. In addition, representatives from several countries issued a call to stress efforts to use sustainable wood within the wider range of ongoing work to protect forests and restore degraded land. 刷阅读理解 61 So what do we need to do to make this a reality? Firstly, we should communicate the benefits of wood more effectively and improve public understanding of how sustainable forest management works. Secondly, we need to move faster toward economies that replace carbon-intensive materials with wood-based products where possible. As the building and construction industry currently emits almost 40 percent of energy-related global greenhouse gas emissions, switching to innovative wood-based building materials instead of concrete and steel could make a major difference to creating a sustainable environment. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了木材的益处及其有助于塑造可持续地球的潜力。 刷阅读理解 62 1.What is paragraph 1 mainly about?( ) C A.The future of wood-based products. B.The introduction to a new raw material. C.The significant benefits provided by wood. D.The essential part wood plays in the construction industry. 解析 主旨大意题。根据第一段内容，尤其是其中的“Forests are not just the lungs of the planet: If managed sustainably, they have huge potential to become a major source of welfare, income and renewable products… Wood is renewable, recyclable, climate-friendly and incredibly multifunctional.”可知，本段主要讲述的是木材的益处。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 63 易错警示 本题易误选D项，D项（木材在建筑行业中所起的极其重要的作用）虽在第一段最后一句中有体现，但是本段不仅指出了木材在建筑行业中的作用，也介绍了木材环保的特点和具备的多种社会价值，该选项表述片面，不能概括本段的主要内容。 刷阅读理解 64 2.What is the current concern highlighted by WMO?( ) D A.The decline in forest coverage. B.The consumption of fossil fuels. C.The effects of plastic pollution. D.The increase in the global temperature. 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Recently, the World Meteorological Organization （WMO） warned that there is now a 50 percent chance of average global temperature reaching 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels in the next five years.”可知，世界气象组织强调的是当前的全球气温上升问题。 刷阅读理解 65 3.What was the call from the ⅩⅤ World Forestry Congress?( ) D A.Restoring degraded forests. B.Advertising the wooden products widely. C.Banning people from using plastic materials. D.Encouraging the use of wood in some fields. 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In addition, representatives from several countries issued a call to stress efforts to use sustainable wood within the wider range of ongoing work to protect forests and restore degraded land.”可知，第十五届世界林业大会强调在更广泛的工作中使用木材，由此可知，该大会鼓励在一些领域使用木材。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 66 4.What can be a suitable title for the text?( ) C A.Wood Has Many Uses in Everyday Life B.Wood Influences Every Aspect of Building C.Wood Helps Shape a More Sustainable Planet D.Wood Promises to Be More Innovative Material 解析 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第一、二段主要介绍了木材的环保特点和多重价值，它能够替代一次性塑料、钢铁和混凝土等，在应对气候变化中发挥重要作用；第三、四段主要介绍了第十五届世界林业大会呼吁更广泛地使用木材和如何创造可持续环境的建议，由此可知，本文主要介绍了木材的益处及其有助于塑造可持续地球的潜力，C项（木材有助于塑造一个更加可持续的星球）最适合作为文章的标题。 刷阅读理解 67 B ［河北石家庄二中2024开学考试］Parks are the beating hearts of cities, providing crucial environments for wildlife of many sizes as well as areas of rest and recreation for local citizens.Accessible via public transport, and located near a university, a stadium and the National Library, Warsaw’s Pole Mokotowskie Park provides green space for many people. One of the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s five pathways to transformative change for water management is to restore the species population, ecosystems and the benefits that nature provides to people by using each city’s advantage. As more urban centres seek new ways to integrate greenery into the built environment, projects of all sizes and stages add to essential corridors and stopping points for a range of wildlife. 刷阅读理解 68 Tasked with improving Pole Mokotowskie Park’s natural sustainability, architecture company WXCA looked at ways of enhancing the elements that were already in place to better support wildlife. One of the most visible means was the removal of thousands of square metres of concrete （混凝土）.Removing concrete in and around ponds and other waterways allows the city’s features to shape themselves naturally, in reaction to both the surrounding environment and the weather. Doing so supports biodiversity by removing artificial constraints and flows. More than 13,000 square metres of concrete has already been removed, with more removal planned over the next year. 刷阅读理解 69 For the human users of the park, the designers created education, activity, and art spaces. The Grand Salon, a meadow （草地） surrounded by trees, is for large public gatherings, and a handful of pavilions （亭） spread throughout the space provide visible means of monitoring the quality of the air and water. They also contribute to the park’s ecosystem through rainwater harvesting. As the temperature consistently rises, city planners are using the leaves and branches of the plants and mixed-use designs to reduce heat islands, improve air quality and prevent urban run-off. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了公园是城市的灵魂，为野生动物提供了重要的环境，也为当地居民提供了休息和娱乐的场所。文章以华沙的波雷默柯托威斯基公园为例，说明了公园对生态起到的积极作用。 刷阅读理解 70 1.What do we know about Warsaw’s Pole Mokotowskie Park?( ) B A.It creates a new way to the city centre. B.It serves different community groups. C.It shows the locals are living happily. D.It reminds the public to protect the environment. 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Accessible via public transport, and located near a university, a stadium and the National Library, Warsaw’s Pole Mokotowskie Park provides green space for many people.”可知，华沙的波雷默柯托威斯基公园临近居民区、大学、体育场和国家图书馆，可以为人们提供休闲和娱乐的场所，即该公园服务于不同的社区群体。 刷阅读理解 71 2.What are the projects in paragraph 2 intended for?( ) D A.Providing stages to show off creativity. B.Taking advantage of the city’s resources. C.Encouraging people to get close to nature. D.Supplying various wildlife with more urban space. 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As more urban centres seek new ways to integrate greenery into the built environment, projects of all sizes and stages add to essential corridors and stopping points for a range of wildlife.”可知，随着越来越多的城市中心寻求将绿色植物融入建筑环境的新方法，各种规模和处于各种阶段的项目都为一系列野生动物增加了必要的走廊和停留点，由此可知，这些项目的目的是为各种野生动物提供更多的城市空间。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 72 3.What does the underlined word “constraints” in paragraph 3 mean?( ) A A.Limits. B.Factors. C.Methods. D.Damage. 解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句之前的内容可知，为了给野生动物提供更好的环境，一项主要举措是清除池塘和其他水道内外的混凝土，让自然的力量重塑环境。结合常识可知，这里指的是清除人为规划的水道，即此处提到的artificial constraints and flows指人为对水道的限制。constraint与limit意思相近。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 73 4.How do the pavilions help the ecosystem?( ) B A.By offering some shelters. B.By collecting rainwater. C.By monitoring the water flow. D.By reducing high temperatures. 解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“They also contribute to the park’s ecosystem through rainwater harvesting.”可知，亭子通过收集雨水来帮助生态系统。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 74 关键点拨 在语境中理解熟词的生义 此处解题的关键是理解harvest的用法。harvest表示“收获；收割”，在这里引申为“收集；贮藏”，选项中用了collecting来进行同义替换。 刷阅读理解 75 长难句分析 句意：世界自然保护联盟提出的水资源管理变革的五大行动计划之一是利用每个城市的优势，恢复物种数量、生态系统和自然给人类带来的好处。 刷阅读理解 76 词汇加油站 核心词汇 1.crucial adj.至关重要的；关键性的 2.accessible adj.易到达的；易进入的；易得到的 3.sustainability n.可持续性 4.in reaction to… 应对……；对……作出反应 构词法 bio- prefix 生物的；与生物有关的 biodiversity n.生物多样性 刷阅读理解 77 There once was an ordinary street in the suburbs where no one cared much for their gardens. The lawns were overgrown, the weeds were . .1. . and the hedges （树篱） desperately needed to be cut back. It looked very . .2. ..But when the neighbours saw their . .3. ., they just looked at each other and laughed. It seemed too hard to . .4. . all the gardens and no one could be bothered to make them better because everyone’s garden was . .5. . terrible. No one felt it was urgent to . .6. . anything. Then a gardener named Bill moved in. Bill was a . .7. ., hard-working and patient man who started working in the garden as soon as he . .8. . into the street. He took his lawn mower （割草机） out to cut back the grass and pulled out all of the weeds. Finally, he took up his gardening and started . .9. . his hedges, making them look like flowers, plants, stones, balls, etc. 刷完形填空 78 Attracted by the . .10. ., the neighbours walked by and admired the newly manicured （修剪整齐的） garden. Over some time, something interesting happened. One by one, the neighbours started to put in more . .11. . in their own gardens and the sounds of lawn mowers could be heard again. After a few months, the street was . .12. . from a dirty, unappealing collection of houses to a beautiful avenue that wouldn’t be out of place in a stylish magazine. One person’s action showed everyone what could be achieved with a little . .13. . work. It’s easy for us to . .14. . the environment around us because no one else cares about it. Remember what you positively do not only . .15. . yourself, but also results in a change to the whole world. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了从前有一条普通的街道，住在那里的人们都不打理自己的花园，但他们在园林设计师比尔的影响下开始修整自己的花园，让周围环境变得更美。一个人的积极行为不但可以让自己受益，还能改变整个世界。 刷完形填空 79 1.( ) A.taking over B.dying out C.giving out D.falling off A 解析 根据上文中的The lawns were overgrown可知，此处指“杂草占据了花园”，即杂草“接管”了花园。 2.( ) A.tidy B.delicate C.familiar D.awful D 解析 根据上文中的“The lawns were overgrown, the weeds were ____ and the hedges desperately needed to be cut back.”可知，草坪杂草丛生，树篱急需修剪，这样的景象看起来非常糟糕。 3.( ) A.gardens B.doors C.roofs D.farms A 解析 根据上文中的“There once was an ordinary street in the suburbs where no one cared much for their gardens.”可知，此处是指花园。 4.( ) A.purchase B.guard C.clear D.build C 解析 根据下文的to make them better可知，此处是指清理这些花园。 刷完形填空 80 5.( ) A.scarcely B.invisibly C.slightly D.equally D 解析 根据上文中的where no one cared much for their gardens可知，这条街上人们的花园都同样糟糕，因为大家都不照料花园。 6.( ) A.keep B.change C.reach D.defeat B 解析 结合上文提到大家看到杂草丛生的花园都无动于衷、不想清理可知，没人想要作出改变。结尾的but also results in a change to the whole world也是提示。 7.( ) A.proud B.casual C.neat D.selfish C 解析 根据下文中的“He took his lawn mower out to cut back the grass and pulled out all of the weeds.”可知，比尔是一个爱干净的人。 8.( ) A.moved B.stepped C.rushed D.wandered A 解析 根据上文中的“Then a gardener named Bill moved in.”可知，比尔搬到了这条街。 刷完形填空 81 9.( ) A.planting B.picking C.watering D.shaping D 解析 根据下文中的“making them look like flowers, plants, stones, balls, etc”可知，比尔在给树篱做造型。 10.( ) A.office clerk B.fashion designer C.landscape gardener D.street cleaner C 解析 根据上文中的Then a gardener named Bill以及he took up his gardening可推知，比尔是一个园林设计师。 11.( ) A.furniture B.staff C.effort D.heat C 解析 根据上文中的“There once was an ordinary street in the suburbs where no one cared much for their gardens.”可知，从前邻居们对自家的花园不管不顾，但现在在比尔的影响下开始投入更多的精力。 12.( ) A.transformed B.raised C.enlarged D.passed A 解析 由上文内容可知，现在这条街的人都格外关注自己的花园，由此推知这条街被改变了。 刷完形填空 82 13.( ) A.mental B.hard C.corporate D.optional B 解析 根据上文中的“One by one, the neighbours started to put in more ____ in their own gardens and the sounds of lawn mowers could be heard again.”可知，只要每个人都付出一点努力，结果就会有很大改变。 14.( ) A.observe B.mind C.overlook D.pollute C 解析 根据上文中的“The lawns were overgrown, the weeds were ____ and the hedges desperately needed to be cut back.”和“But when the neighbours saw their ____, they just looked at each other and laughed.”可知，人们很容易忽略周围的环境，因为大家都不关注。 15.( ) A.traps B.benefits C.defends D.admires B 解析 结合上文内容可知，比尔清理花园的行为不仅对自己有好处，还带动整条街的邻居着手美化周围的环境。 刷完形填空 83 03 单元限时小卷 建议用时：57分钟 84 ［四川绵阳南山中学2024月考］Expecting the worst to avoid feeling bad later is known as “bracing”.It may help people prepare for emotionally challenging situations, particularly in the moments before these situations occur. People brace for the worst while waiting for potentially negative outcomes. Someone might also brace for the worst in anticipation of stressful events like giving a presentation at work. Some psychological theories suggest that bracing should help. For example, “decision affect theory” proposes that how we feel about a situation is determined partly by comparing what actually happened with what could have happened. Based on this, people should be happy when an event goes beyond their expectations, and disappointed when an event falls behind. Therefore, by anticipating the worst, one can safeguard themselves against future disappointment, as any result is likely to surpass their expectations. But other psychological theories undermine the idea that bracing will be helpful. It has been theorised—and scientifically established—that expectations can powerfully influence reality. There are two key ways that expectations can shape reality. 刷阅读理解 85 First, people may behave in ways that fit with their expectations. If you expect to fail an upcoming test or interview, then you might not invest efforts in preparation, which in turn reduces your chances of doing well. Second, people may interpret a situation in line with their expectations. Imagine you believe you are insufficiently qualified for a job you’ve applied for. During the job interview, you’re likely to interpret blank expressions from the interviewer in line with this belief, which could negatively affect your performance. In fact, the interviewer did not want to give anything away. Drawing together the scientific studies, it seems that expecting the worst is anything but a wise way to prepare for upcoming news or results. It might be better to hold positive expectations than to brace for the worst. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了人们针对未来可能发生的负面情况进行预期的行为，即“做最坏打算”的心理学概念，探讨了相关的理论和研究，作者认为持有积极的期望可能比预期最坏情况更加有益。 刷阅读理解 86 1.What is the second paragraph mainly about?( ) A A.The logic of preparing for the worst. B.The theory of comparing the past and the future. C.The conflict between people’s expectation and reality. D.The emotions hidden behind anticipating the worst. 解析 主旨大意题。通读第二段可知，一些心理学理论认为，预想最坏的情况应该有所帮助，以“决策影响理论”为例，我们对一种情况的感受在一定程度上取决于将实际发生的事情与可能发生的事情进行比较。当一件事超出预期时，人们会感到高兴；当一件事低于预期时，人们可能会感到失望。由此可知，第二段主要讲的是做最坏打算的逻辑。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 87 2.What does the underlined word “undermine” in paragraph 3 mean?( ) C A.Strengthen. B.Determine. C.Oppose. D.Justify. 解析 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Some psychological theories suggest that bracing should help.”及第三段中的But和“It has been theorised—and scientifically established—that expectations can powerfully influence reality.”可推断出此处表示意思的转折，即其他心理学理论颠覆了这种看法，故可猜测undermine的意思是“逐渐削弱；暗中破坏”，与oppose意思相近。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 88 3.How can negative expectations probably affect people’s performance in reality?( ) D A.By resulting in unnecessary time waste. B.By promoting people’s ambition and motivation. C.By giving weight to people’s potential of excellence. D.By causing less preparation and some misinterpretations. 解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“then you might not invest efforts in preparation, which in turn reduces your chances of doing well”及“you’re likely to interpret blank expressions… which could negatively affect your performance”可知，消极预期通过减少准备行为和造成一些误解来影响人们在现实中的表现。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 89 4.What is the author’s attitude towards bracing for the worst?( ) C A.Unclear. B.Objective. C.Negative. D.Approving. 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，作者认为做最坏的打算不如保持积极的预期，故作者对做最坏的打算持反对态度。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 90 ［安徽十校联考2025高二期末］Are you having a hard time sticking to your daily schedule? That’s a problem many people have. Here are some tips that might help you. Start with anchor habits. An anchor habit is something you do at a particular time of a day that you’re not at risk of skipping. It will help shape and structure your day. It doesn’t matter what the habit is, but it should be easy for you to do.1.___ Don’t choose something you struggle to get done as an anchor habit. Be very consistent for about three months. A daily schedule is a series of behaviours. Behaviours only become automatic if you keep how, when, and where you do them consistently for about three months.2.___ Plan your rewards. Plan rewards and link them to the schedule you’re trying to keep in natural ways. Arrange rewards around daily tasks, such as watching a video or scheduling walks after a period of study as enjoyable incentives.3.___ What do you want to do as a reward either during or after the daily behaviour you’re trying to maintain? D E B 刷7选5 91 4.___ Equipment can help you maintain a schedule. Kitchen equipment might help support a cooking schedule. Hiking equipment might help support an outdoor activity schedule. However, keep in mind that these tools don’t magically do the work for you. Find and join a community.5.___ Therefore, find a community where the schedule or behaviours you’re trying to maintain are normal and join it. A G A.Use tools to support you. B.Get to know yourself and what works for you. C.You can invite the people around you together. D.For example, reading a few pages of a book every night before bed. E.Once they become more automatic, they will take less effort to keep. F.It’s normal that you have no motivation to maintain a daily schedule. G.It’s much harder to maintain any behaviour if it isn’t common for the people around you. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些关于维持日程安排或行为的建议。 刷7选5 92 1.___ D 解析 上文解释锚点习惯的含义，并指出该习惯要容易做到；下文强调不要选择很难完成的事情作为锚点习惯。D项（例如，每晚睡前读几页书）承上启下，是对锚点习惯的举例说明，符合语境。故选D项。 2.___ E 解析 前文“A daily schedule is a series of behaviours… for about three months.”指出日常行为要坚持约三个月才会变得自动化，E项（一旦它们变得更加自动化，维持这些行为就会不那么费力）是对前文的进一步说明，阐述日常行为变得自动化的好处，符合语境。故选E项。 刷7选5 93 3.___ B 解析 前文Arrange rewards around daily tasks建议可以围绕日常任务来设定奖励；后文“What do you want to do as a reward either during or after the daily behaviour you’re trying to maintain?”提出问题：“在你试图维持日常行为期间或之后，你想做什么作为奖励？”因此设空处应是关于设定具体奖励的建议，B项（了解你自己，知道什么适合你）起到承上启下的作用，说明要根据自己的情况来设定奖励，符合语境。故选B项。 4.___ A 解析 设空处是本段的主旨句，根据后文“Equipment can help you maintain a schedule… an outdoor activity schedule.”可知，本段主要讲的是利用装备来帮助维持日程安排，A 项（使用工具来支持你）能够概括本段内容，符合语境。故选A项。 刷7选5 94 5.___ G 解析 根据本段的主旨句“Find and join a community.”可知，本段建议利用社群来帮助自己维持日程安排；后文“Therefore,find a community where the schedule or behaviours you’re trying to maintain are normal and join it.”指出要加入社群。设空处应承接上文，并与后文构成因果关系，G项（如果你周围的人不常做某种行为，那么维持这种行为就会困难得多）说明应该加入社群的原因，即周围的人可以对自己维持某种行为产生影响。故选G项。 刷7选5 95 ［浙江绍兴2025高二期末］Ivy Lawrence-Walls didn’t set out to choose farming. But it chose her. She grew up on a five-acre farm in Houston and credits many . .1. . life lessons to her childhood. She remembers observing a bird build a nest as an inquisitive seven-year-old. She learnt . .2. . as the nest gradually grew bigger over time. She didn’t know then that many of those childhood lessons would be . .3. . in her life now as a full-time farmer and entrepreneur. Now at 27, she has . .4. . the farm into a farm and vegetable garden and is . .5. . creating sustainable, healthy food access for the neighbourhood. The garden grows carrots, cabbage, pumpkin, peppers, and delivers vegetables to local residents for free. And Lawrence-Walls also hosts various plant pop-up events at local schools to . .6. . the next generation of farmers. “Starting the farm was a leap of . .7. .,” said Lawrence-Walls. Now her daily . .8. . is not working in the hospital but trading her lab coat for muddy boots and dirty jeans to produce food full-time for her community.. .9. ., she is still . .10. . in public health.“Food is public health 刷完形填空 96 and we hope to . .11. . some of the issues that we do face in the neighbourhood in food and community wellness, green spaces, and mental health awareness,” she stressed. Lawrence-Walls said her biggest challenge of . .12. . from her nine-to-five job to being a full-time business owner was . .13. . the news to her mum, who thought she was crazy to leave her corporate job to dig holes. Additionally, she had to mentally move past the . .14. . by which success traditionally gets defined in society.“It took me a lot of time to realise that. Yes, I am digging holes. Yes, I am dirty most of the time, but I’m happy and realising that this work is . .15. .,” she said frankly. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了劳伦斯-沃尔斯把一个农场改造成了一个农场和菜园，旨在为社区提供健康和绿色的食物的故事。 刷完形填空 1.( ) A.distinct B.essential C.internal D.enormous B 解析 根据下文中的She didn’t know then that many of those childhood lessons would be____ in her life可知，劳伦斯-沃尔斯在童年时期学到的人生经验都运用到了她后来的生活中，由此可知，此处表示她将许多重要的人生经验归功于她的童年。essential意为“极其重要的”，故选B项。distinct意为“截然不同的，有区别的”；internal意为“内部的”；enormous意为“巨大的”。 2.( ) A.patience B.obligation C.devotion D.passion A 解析 根据下文as the nest gradually grew bigger over time可推知，随着鸟儿建造的巢逐渐变大，她在观察的同时也学会了要有耐心。故选A项。obligation意为“义务，责任”；devotion意为“奉献”；passion意为“激情”。 刷完形填空 98 3.( ) A.favoured B.abandoned C.employed D.adapted C 解析 根据上下文内容可知，劳伦斯-沃尔斯从小生活在农场，现在自己也在经营农场，由此可知这里表示她童年时期学到的经验都被运用到了她的事业当中。employ意为“运用”，故选C项。favour 意为“较喜欢；选择”；abandon意为“舍弃，丢弃”；adapt意为“使适应；改编”。 4.( ) A.linked B.introduced C.integrated D.expanded D 解析 根据下文“the farm into a farm and vegetable garden and is ____ creating sustainable, healthy food access for the neighbourhood”可知，她把一开始的农场扩展成了一个农场和菜园。expand意为“扩大”，故选D项。introduce意为“引进”；integrate意为“（使）合并，成为一体”。 刷完形填空 99 5.( ) A.engaged in B.comprised of C.gifted in D.combined with A 解析 根据下文“creating sustainable, healthy food access for the neighbourhood”可知，她经营农场和菜园的目的是为社区提供可持续、健康的食物。be engaged in意为“从事，忙于”，故选A项。be comprised of意为“由……组成”；be gifted in意为“在……方面有天赋”；be combined with意为“与……结合”。 6.( ) A.help B.motivate C.pursue D.encounter B 解析 根据上文Lawrence-Walls also hosts various plant pop-up events at local schools和下文the next generation of farmers可知，劳伦斯-沃尔斯还在当地学校举办各种活动，以激励学生以后从事农场经营。motivate意为“激励”，故选B项。pursue意为“追逐”；encounter意为“偶遇”。 刷完形填空 100 7.( ) A.intention B.hesitation C.resistance D.security A 解析 根据语境和下文中的working in the hospital可知，劳伦斯-沃尔斯以前在医院工作，而现在她全职经营农场，为社区提供健康的食物，由此可知，经营这个农场是劳伦斯-沃尔斯自己的意愿。intention意为“意愿；意图”，故选A项。hesitation意为“犹豫”；resistance意为“抗拒；抵抗”。 8.( ) A.operation B.routine C.exercise D.supply B 解析 根据空后的but trading her lab coat for muddy boots and dirty jeans to produce food full-time for her community可知，她的日常生活不再是在医院工作，而是在农场里为社区生产食物。daily routine意为“日常生活”，故选B项。 9.( ) A.Therefore B.Afterwards C.Nevertheless D.Otherwise C 解析 根据语境可知，此处表示劳伦斯-沃尔斯虽然已经不在医院工作，目前在经营农场，以为社区居民生产健康食品，但是劳伦斯-沃尔斯仍然在从事与公共健康相关的工作。前后句形成转折，nevertheless意为“然而，不过”，故选C项。 刷完形填空 101 10.( ) A.trapped B.involved C.permitted D.stuck B 解析 根据语境可知，劳伦斯-沃尔斯仍在从事与公共健康相关的工作。be involved in意为“参与”。故选B项。 11.( ) A.tackle B.detect C.clarify D.distinguish A 解析 根据下文“some of the issues that we do face in the neighbourhood in food and community wellness, green spaces, and mental health awareness”可知，此处表示希望能够解决“我们”在食物健康、社区健康、绿色空间以及心理健康认识等方面面临的一些问题。tackle意为“解决”，故选A项。detect意为“发现”；clarify意为“澄清”；distinguish意为“区分”。 刷完形填空 102 12.( ) A.ceasing B.moving C.fleeing D.switching D 解析 根据上文中的working in the hospital和下文from her nine-to-five job to being a full-time business owner可知，劳伦斯-沃尔斯以前在医院工作，现在全职经营农场，因此是从朝九晚五的工作转变为全职企业主。switch意为“（使）转变”，故选D项。cease意为“（使）停止”；flee意为“逃跑”。 13.( ) A.distracting B.evaluating C.breaking D.citing C 解析 根据下文who thought she was crazy to leave her corporate job to dig holes可知，她妈妈认为她辞掉医院的工作去经营农场是疯了，所以她转变为全职企业主的最大挑战是把这个消息告诉她的妈妈。break意为“告诉（某人不愉快的消息）”，故选C项。distract意为“使分心”；evaluate意为“评价，评估”；cite意为“引用，援引”。 刷完形填空 103 14.( ) A.assumption B.conclusion C.forecast D.assessment D 解析 根据下文by which success traditionally gets defined in society可知，她必须在心理上超越社会上对成功的传统定义，对成功的定义是基于人们的看法产生的。assessment意为“评价；评定”，故选D项。assumption意为“假定，假设”；conclusion意为“结论”；forecast意为“预报”。 15.( ) A.amusing B.secure C.rewarding D.intense C 解析 根据上文“Food is public health and we hope to ____ some of the issues that we do face… mental health awareness”以及I’m happy可知，她认为她的工作是有意义的。rewarding意为“值得的，有意义的”，故选C项。amusing意为“逗人发笑的”；intense意为“十分强烈的”。 刷完形填空 104 ［广东部分学校2024高二期中联考］Xuan paper is known as the “Paper of Ages”.The term Xuan paper first appeared in a book 1.______ （title） On Famous Paintings Through the Ages, 2._______ Zhang Yanyuan, a scholar in the Tang Dynasty, described Xuan paper as an ideal carrier for calligraphy and painting. Handmade Xuan paper from Jingxian County, East China’s Anhui Province, 3.__________ （list） as a tribute （贡品） to the imperial court for its perfect quality during the period. The traditional skill of making Xuan paper is 4.__________ （extreme） demanding. The bark of the sandalwood （檀香木）, a tree species native 5.___ southern China, goes through 108 procedures together with rice straw over the course of three years before it can transform into fine Xuan paper. Making Xuan paper contains 6._____ complex procedures that even the most skilled worker can only master a limited number of steps. titled where was listed extremely to such 刷语法填空 105 The flow of ink, both guided and resisted by water, determines the output of Chinese art, and Xuan paper outshines others with its excellent ability 7.________ （give） full play to ink. Different proportions of bark to straw during the papermaking process can create different painting paper for artistic 8.__________ （express） in paintings or calligraphy. Xuan paper 9._____________________________________ （accompany） the passionate brushstrokes of the Chinese literati for thousands of years. Unlike other forms of paper, it is very resistant to damage brought by time, 10.________ （make） the preservation of many valuable works from ancient China possible. to give expression has accompanied/has been accompanying making 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了宣纸的历史以及制作宣纸的流程和工艺。 刷语法填空 106 1.______ titled 解析 句意为：“宣纸”一词最早出现在《历代名画记》一书中，在本书中唐代学者张彦远将宣纸描述为书画的理想载体。句中已有谓语动词appeared，且与设空处之间无连词连接，设空处应用非谓语形式；动词title与其所修饰的名词book之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填titled。 2._______ where 解析 句意见上一题解析。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为On Famous Paintings Through the Ages，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导该从句。故填where。 3.__________ was listed 解析 句意为：产自中国东部安徽省泾县的手工宣纸因其完美的品质在当时被列为朝廷的贡品。设空处为句子的谓语，根据时间状语during the period可知，此处要用一般过去时；主语Handmade Xuan paper和动词list之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语不可数。故填was listed。 刷语法填空 107 4.__________ extremely 解析 句意为：制作宣纸的传统技艺要求极高。设空处修饰形容词demanding，应用副词。故填extremely。 5.___ to 解析 句意为：檀香树是一种原产于中国南方的树种，它的树皮要和稻草混合，经过108道工序，历经三年的时间才能制成精美的宣纸。be native to… 为固定短语，意为“原产于……”。故填to。 6._____ such 解析 句意为：制作宣纸的过程非常复杂，即使是最熟练的工人也只能掌握部分工序。此处表示“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，根据设空处后的名词词组complex procedures可知，此处为“such+形容词+可数名词复数+that从句”结构，因此设空处应填such。 刷语法填空 108 7.________ to give 解析 句意为：墨水的流动，同时受水的引导和阻力的影响，决定了中国艺术的呈现效果，而宣纸以其出色的润墨性而在各类纸张中脱颖而出。ability后一般接动词不定式作后置定语。故填to give。 8.__________ expression 解析 句意为：在造纸过程中，不同比例的树皮和稻草可以制成不同的画纸，用于绘画或书法的艺术表现。设空处作for的宾语，且其前有形容词artistic修饰，应用名词。expression意为“表示；表达”，故填expression。 刷语法填空 109 9._____________________________________ has accompanied/has been accompanying 解析 句意为：千百年来，宣纸一直伴随着中国文人的肆意挥毫。根据时间状语for thousands of years可知，此处要用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时，表示发生在过去的动作，一直持续到现在，有可能继续持续下去；主语是Xuan paper，不可数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has accompanied/has been accompanying。 10.________ making 解析 句意为：与其他形式的纸张不同，它能抵御时间带来的破坏，使许多中国古代的珍贵作品得以保存。设空处作结果状语，应用非谓语形式，表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词。故填making。 刷语法填空 110 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was Saturday. My daughter and I were chatting in the backyard when I heard someone calling me. I turned around. Standing in the yard was a little boy, strong, brown-haired and dusted with a fine layer of dirt.“William!” I cried in surprise.“What are you doing here?” “I’m taking care of the lawn,” he answered proudly, sticking his chest out—William’s father owned a lawn sodding company.“I’m sure he appreciates that,” I said to my daughter.“This is William, one of my students, Grade Two. He’s a joy to have in class.” It was true. Little William was a delight. He loved plants and animals and playing outside during break. And even though he struggled with his study, he never once complained. There was brightness he brought with him wherever he went. I’d never forget the day in class when another student was having trouble understanding the lesson.“Don’t worry,” William comforted, eyes wide and sincere.“Sometimes, second grade is really hard.” He was a gentle soul, wise beyond his years. 刷读后续写 111 Still, I couldn’t help but worry. Despite his firm determination, William’s grades were poor. Sometimes, I wondered if he’d be able to pass. “See you Monday, Ms Woodall!” he said, running to his father’s side. My daughter and I waved, but William stayed on my mind for the rest of the weekend. Back at school, William’s grades showed no sign of improvement until the last few weeks of the year. When we studied the life cycle of plants, William stood out. I’d never seen him so invested in the classroom. Though I was happy for him, the worry remained. Would he be able to enter Grade Three? Every year, as a class project, each child planted a sunflower seed in one of those containers. I did this every year but had never seen blossom. This year, I together with William, planted 20 seeds behind the library. 刷读后续写 112 注意：续写词数应为150个左右。 Actually, it took too long to see results from daily watering, various results.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ About a month into the summer vacation, I happened to drive by the library.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 刷读后续写 113 【写作提示】 1.材料导读 材料大意 本文讲述了威廉是一个阳光乐观的孩子，尽管他的学习成绩不是很好，但是他积极乐观，乐于助人。这一年，作者和威廉在图书馆后面播下了20颗向日葵种子。 主要角色 威廉（乐观向上，喜欢照顾动植物）、作者（威廉的老师） 需要解决的问题 作者担心威廉的学习成绩，担心他无法升入三年级。 刷读后续写 114 2.续写分析 续写第一段（提示句：事实上，每天浇水也要很长时间才能看到结果，各种各样的结果。） 第一段可描写学生种向日葵过程中的行为表现以及威廉的做法。 续写第二段（提示句：暑假开始大约一个月后，我碰巧开车路过图书馆。） 第二段可描写作者发现向日葵的长势，以及威廉研究向日葵的场景。还可写作者对威廉的看法的转变。 情节线索 种向日葵——威廉精心照料向日葵——向日葵的长势很好——作者的感悟及对威廉的看法的转变 情感线索 作者（威廉的老师）：担心威廉的成绩——看到威廉种出的向日葵感到惊喜——对威廉产生发自内心的认可和欣慰 刷读后续写 115 【参考范文】 Actually, it took too long to see results from daily watering, various results.Planting the seeds was exciting for many students, but the growing part much less so.Most kids lost patience and interest.As a result, they forgot to care for their sunflowers-to-be.But not William.Every afternoon, William made sure all the containers were watered and nurtured. About a month into the summer vacation, I happened to drive by the library.I found William was there and he told me that he wanted to learn more about sunflowers.By the last week of school, the shoots were about four inches tall, which really amazed me.In years past, few seeds successfully sprouted.And those that did had never got so tall.But these were different.These were William’s sunflowers.His are what it means to be a teacher.At that moment, I knew I didn’t have to worry about William.I’d seen that special seed planted inside him.Others would too.And, one day, he’d start to grow mature and shine—just like his sunflowers. 刷读后续写 116 词汇加油站 核心词汇 1.propose vt.提议；建议 2.interpret vt.解释；说明 3.anything but决不；根本不 进阶词汇 1.potentially adv.可能地，潜在地 2.anticipation n.预期，预料；期盼，期望 构词法 sur- prefix之上；额外的 surpass vt.超过 刷读后续写 117 $$