选择性必修第一册 Unit 5 Working the Land-【高中必刷题】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修1+2同步课件（人教版）

英语 选择性必修 第一册 RJ 选择性必修 第一册 Unit 5 Working the Land 01 Period I Reading and Thinking Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar 刷单句填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water ________ （short）.shortage 解析 句意为：树木遭受水资源短缺最严重的地方是大树死亡最多的地区。设空处作suffered的宾 语，water shortage意为“水资源短缺”。故填shortage。 2.An official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the ___________ （assume） that they might make a nice blow-up for one of the visitors’ centres. assumption 解析 句意为：一位官员把一些复印件交给了公园管理部门，认为他们可以为其中一个游客中心 制作一张不错的放大图。on the assumption that意为“假设；假定”，为固定短语。 3.Thanks to science, we learn to tell the difference between fantasy and _______ （real）.reality 解析 句意为：多亏了科学，我们学会了区分幻想和现实。设空处与fantasy并列，由between… and… 连接，应用名词。 刷单句填空 4.It would not matter if these misjudgements were just a matter ___ people’s opinions. However, they have real impacts. of 解析 句意为：如果这些误判只是人们的观点问题，那也没有关系。然而，它们有实际的影响。a matter of… 意为“……的问题”。 5.The tool is comprised ___ four key components that guarantee the final effects.of 解析 句意为：该工具由保证最终效果的四个关键部件组成。be comprised of… 意为“包括……； 包含……；由……组成（或构成）”。 6.If you want to succeed, be devoted ___ the job after finding the proper way to do it.to 解析 句意为：如果你想成功，在找到合适的工作方法后，要全身心地投入工作中。be devoted to为固定搭配，意为“致力于”。故填to。 刷单句填空 7.The device through _______ we can control our home appliances remotely is quite convenient.which 解析 句意为：我们可以用来远程控制家用电器的设备非常方便。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的 限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The device，先行词指物，关系词作介词through的宾语，应填关系 代词which。 8.______ I’m concerned about most is how we can collect a huge amount of money in such a short time. What 解析 句意为：我最关心的事是我们如何在这么短的时间内筹到这么多钱。____ I’m concerned about most是主语从句，从句中缺少介词about的宾语，指“……的事情”，应用What引导该从句。 9._______ （give） that she was really interested in children, teaching was a proper career for her. Given 解析 given that为连词，可以用来引导从句，意为“考虑到”，句首单词首字母应大写，故填Given。 10.___ remains doubtful whether this is an important discovery.It 解析 It在此处是形式主语，真正的主语是whether引导的从句。故填It。 刷单句表达 根据提示补全句子。 1.他们确信数据的准确性，坚持自己的意见。（convince） ___________________________the data, they stuck to their opinion.Convinced of the accuracy of 2.当你在国外时，尽可能多地了解当地人，你会发现克服文化差异会更容易。（overcome） Know as much as possible about the local people when you are abroad and you will ________________________the cultural difference.find it easier to overcome 3.人们普遍认为，过多的工作会造成压力。（assume） ________________________________too much work will cause stress. 4.这是我们第二次成功地举行如此重要的会议。（succeed） It was the second time that___________________________such an important meeting. 5.只要有一点耐心，你就会成为和我们校长一样受欢迎的老师。（as+adj.+a/an+n.+as） Just have a little patience, and you will become ______________________our headmaster. It is generally/widely assumed that we had succeeded in holding as popular a teacher as 刷课文改编填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Yuan Longping, known as the “father of hybrid rice”, was 1.___ leading figure in the rice- growing world, devoting his life to working the land. Born in 1930, Yuan Longping graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953. 2.______ concerned him most was that farmers often had poor 3.________ （harvest） and even suffered from food shortage.4.__________ （convince） that he could find ways to increase the rice output, Yuan 5._________ （overcome） enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice. Today, it 6.____________ （estimate） that crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains account for about 60% of domestic rice consumption in China. Thanks 7.___ his research, people have more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger. Although his hybrids had made him wealthy, Yuan cared little for celebrity or money. Instead, he made large donations to support 8.___________ （agriculture） research. What impressed people most was that Yuan had the ongoing ability 9.________ （fulfil） his dreams. Even in his later years, Yuan was still young at heart and full of 10._______ （visible）, and we always expected what he would dream up next. a What harvests Convinced overcame is estimated to agricultural to fulfil vision 刷课文改编填空 1.___a 解析 figure在此处意为“人物”，是可数名词，此处是指“袁隆平是一个领先人物”，应用不定冠词 限定,且leading的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 2.______What 解析 设空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指“……的事情”，句首单词首字母大写，故用 What引导该从句。 3.________harvests 解析 harvest表示“收成；收获量”时，是可数名词，设空处前无限定词，故用复数形式。 4.__________Convinced 解析 be convinced that意为“确信”，分析句子结构可知，设空处作状语，故填Convinced。 5._________overcame 解析 设空处为谓语动词，根据语境可知，此处指发生在过去的事情，所以应用一般过去时。 刷课文改编填空 6.____________is estimated 解析 此处为“it is+过去分词+that从句”的固定句式，表示“据估计……”；结合语境及时间状语 Today可知，此处应用一般现在时的被动语态。 7.___to 解析 thanks to意为“多亏”。 8.___________agricultural 解析 设空处修饰名词research，应用形容词。 9.________to fulfil 解析 ability为抽象名词，其后常接不定式作后置定语，ability to do sth意为“做某事的能力”。 刷课文改编填空 知识拓展 常用不定式作后置定语的名词 被修饰词是抽象名词时，其后常用不定式作后置定语，常见的该类名词有：ability、chance、hope、 wish、attempt、promise、way、plan、effort、patience等。如：The programme affords young people the chance to gain work experience.这个项目给年轻人提供了获得工作经验的机会。 刷课文改编填空 10._______vision 解析 设空处作介词of 的宾语，be full of sth意为“充满某物”，故应用名词。vision意为“眼力； 远见卓识”时，为不可数名词，故填vision。 刷语法填空 ［安徽合肥一中2025高二期中］阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词 的正确形式。 Around 10,000 years ago, as people in present-day West Asia began to domesticate （栽培） wheat and barley, a similar development took place in China, 1._______ people began to cultivate rice. This marked the emergence of rice agriculture, which 2.________ （have） a profound influence on people’s lives in various parts of the world ever since. For years, Shangshan Culture, 3.___ Neolithic culture from about 11,000 to 8,500 years ago in the Jinqu Basin in the middle and western parts of East China’s Zhejiang Province, has been widely recognised as a source of rice agriculture 4._____ many related relics found at its sites.“A new discovery may provide more insights into the Shangshan people’s rice domestication,” the National Cultural Heritage Administration 5.__________ （announce） on Sept.13. where has had a with announced 刷语法填空 The Huangchaodun Site, 6._______ （date） back about 9,300 to 8,000 years in Quzhou, Zhejiang, unveiled remnants （残迹） of settlements surrounded by a moat （壕沟）.More importantly, an area to the east of the settlements, covering 15,000 square metres, is 7.________ （possible） the earliest rice field ever discovered with a dense distribution of rice phytoliths （植硅体）, or 8.________ （remain） of rice. Zhang Chi, a professor at Peking University, said, “We generally believe 9.___ is hard for a rice field to be preserved for several thousand years. We still need further studies 10.___________ （confirm） if it is really a rice field.” dating possibly remains it to confirm 【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了一项关于稻作农业的重要考古发现。 刷语法填空 1._______where 解析 句意为：大约一万年前，当现今的西亚地区的人们开始培育小麦和大麦时，中国也出现了 类似的发展情况，人们开始种植水稻。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为China，关系词 在从句中作地点状语，所以应用关系副词where引导该从句。 2.________has had 解析 句意为：这标志着稻作农业的出现，自那以后，稻作农业对世界各地人民的生活产生了深 远的影响。设空处在which引导的定语从句中作谓语，根据从句的时间状语ever since可知，此处 应用现在完成时，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响；which指代不可数名词短语rice agriculture， 从句谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填has had。 刷语法填空 3.___a 解析 句意为：多年来，上山文化（一种距今约11,000年—8,500年的新石器时代文化，位于中国 东部浙江省中西部的金衢盆地）一直被普遍认为是稻作农业的起源，人们在其遗址中发现了许多 相关遗迹。____ Neolithic culture作Shangshan Culture的同位语，意为“一种新石器时代文化”，表 泛指，所以应用不定冠词，Neolithic的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 4._____with 解析 句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，此处为“with+宾语+宾补”复合结构作 状语，故填with。 5.__________announced 解析 句意为：9月13日，国家文物局宣称：“一项新发现可能会为上山人的水稻培育提供更多的 见解。”分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语，结合时间状语Sept.13可知，此处应用一般过去时。 故填announced。 刷语法填空 6._______dating 解析 句意为：位于浙江衢州的皇朝墩遗址，其历史可追溯至约9,300—8,000年前，发现有被壕沟 环绕的聚落遗迹。句中已有谓语unveiled，此处应用非谓语作后置定语；date back （to…）为固 定表达，意为“追溯到”，无被动语态，应用现在分词形式。故填dating。 刷语法填空 知识拓展 常见的不用于被动语态的动词短语 belong to（属于）、consist of（由……组成）、result from（因……发生）、take place （发生， 进行）等。 刷语法填空 7.________possibly 解析 句意为：更重要的是，聚落东部一个占地15,000平方米的地区可能是迄今为止发现的最早 的稻田，该区域有分布密集的水稻植硅体（即水稻遗存）。设空处在句中作状语，修饰系动词is， 应用副词。故填possibly。 8.________remains 解析 句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，____ of rice与空前的rice phytoliths为or连接的并 列成分，设空处应用名词，结合句意可知，此处表示“残留物”，故填remains。 9.___it 解析 句意为：北京大学张弛教授称：“我们普遍认为，稻田很难保存几千年。我们还需要进一步 的研究来确认它是否真的是一片稻田。”此处为“it is+adj.+to do sth”句型，表示“做某事是…… 的”，为固定句型，其中it作形式主语，动词不定式为真正的主语。故填it。 刷语法填空 10.___________to confirm 解析 句意见上一题解析。句中已有谓语need，设空处应用非谓语动词作状语，表示目的，应用 不定式。故填to confirm。 刷语法填空 长难句分析 句意：更重要的是，聚落东部一个占地15,000平方米的地区可能是迄今为止发现的最早的稻田， 该区域有分布密集的水稻植硅体（即水稻遗存）。 01 Period I Reading and Thinking Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 刷阅读理解 A ［浙江丽水五校2025高二期中联考］In the decades following the beginning of the Green Revolution, agricultural food production has increased dramatically. Unfortunately, there are disadvantages to the farming methods and technologies that allow for this increase. One problematic feature of industrial agriculture is land use: Half of the habitable land on Earth is currently used for farming. Land that used to be home to biodiverse ecosystems has been cleared for agricultural use, and many commercial farms use monoculture （单种栽培） farming. Though monoculture farms produce more crops like wheat and corn, they are more likely to be affected by disease and use up nutrients in the soil. Another issue of industrial farming is the overuse of fertilisers, particularly fertilisers that use nutrients like nitrogen （氮） and phosphorus （磷）.Crops only use a part of the nitrogen and phosphorus applied to them, with the rest contributing to . .run-off that pollutes the surrounding ecosystem. This nutrient pollution creates “dead zones” 刷阅读理解 through a process called eutrophication （富营养化）: Algae are plants that feed on nitrogen and phosphorus, and then algal blooms occur. When the excess algae die due to overgrowth, the bacteria that break down the dead algae will use up the water’s oxygen supply, suffocating fish and other aquatic organisms. In order to solve the problems and meet the nutritional needs of a growing global population, the agricultural sector needs to shift its focus from industrial agriculture to permaculture （永续农业）, a way of growing food that copies how nature works, with lots of different plants and animals living together. This helps to make sure we get the most food while keeping the environment healthy. By protecting the land, water, and air, people may find solutions to the problems of industrial agriculture. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了工业化农业所产生的问题及解决方案。 刷阅读理解 1.What is a consequence of monoculture farming?( )A A.It leads to the reduction of soil nutrients. B.It lowers the output of wheat and corn. C.It brings benefits to the local ecosystem. D.It makes farms more resistant to diseases. 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Though monoculture farms produce more crops like wheat and corn, they are more likely to be affected by disease and use up nutrients in the soil.”可知， 单种栽培的农业模式会导致土壤养分减少。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 2.What does the underlined word “run-off” refer to in paragraph 3?( )D A.Half of the nutrients and water. B.The nutrients absorbed by plants. C.Nutrients and water for fertilisation. D.The material’s overflow after being used. 解析 词义猜测题。根据前文“Another issue of industrial farming is the overuse of fertilisers, particularly fertilisers that use nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus.”可知，大量使用含有氮、磷 等营养物质的化肥也是工业化农业存在的问题之一；结合画线词所在句及后文可知，农作物只能 吸收一部分氮和磷，而多余的氮和磷则会溢出，污染周围的生态系统，从而产生富营养化现象。 由此可推知，此处表示农作物吸收部分化肥之后富余并溢出的剩余化肥，画线词与D项意思相近。 刷阅读理解 3.Why does the author mention algae?( )B A.To compare nitrogen with phosphorus. B.To illustrate how eutrophication works. C.To show eutrophication’s impact on fish. D.To explain why algae die during eutrophication. 解析 推理判断题。第三段中的“This nutrient pollution creates ‘dead zones’ through a process called eutrophication… the bacteria that break down the dead algae will use up the water’s oxygen supply, suffocating fish and other aquatic organisms.”介绍了藻类的一系列活动及其对其 他生物的影响：氮和磷过多时会导致藻类大量繁殖，而当多余藻类死亡时，分解死去藻类的细菌 会耗尽水中的氧气，使鱼类和其他水生生物窒息而亡。由此可知，作者提及藻类是为了解释富营 养化的工作原理。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 4.What is the suggested alternative to industrial farming?( )D A.A complete ban on industrial farming. B.A shift towards applying more nutrients. C.A return to pre-Green Revolution farming. D.A focus on natural-ecosystem-like farming. 解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“… the agricultural sector needs to shift its focus from industrial agriculture to permaculture, a way of growing food that copies how nature works, with lots of different plants and animals living together.”可知，作者建议由工业化农业转向复刻自然 运作方式的永续农业，由此可知，工业化农业的替代方案是模仿自然界中事物的发生方式，从而 保护环境的永续农业。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 B ［全国新课标Ⅱ2024］We all know fresh is best when it comes to food. However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm （BMF） shortens it even more. BMF is an indoor garden system. It can be set up for a family. Additionally, it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital, restaurant or school. The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens. Specifically, it’s a farm that relies on new technology. By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored. Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pod （容器） to get the next growth cycle started. 刷阅读理解 Moreover, having a system in the same building where it’s eaten means zero emissions （排放） from transporting plants from soil to salad. In addition, there’s no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment. BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic.“We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee. 【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了室内种植系统BMF（巴比伦微型农场）的相关信息，阐述了它的工 作原理、主要优势和其公司的环保理念，该公司的种植模式和技术创新带来了巨大的社会价值和 环境效益。