选择性必修第一册 Unit 3 Conservation-【高中必刷题】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修1+2同步课件（北师大版）

英语 选择性必修 第一册 BS 1 选择性必修第一册 Unit 3 Conservation 2 01 Topic Talk &Lesson 1 The Sixth Extinction Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar 3 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.It is of great ________ （urgent） to find out the main cause of the accident. urgency 解析 句意为：查明事故的主要起因是十分紧迫的事情。“be+of+抽象名词”为固定结构，常用来表明事物的特点或特征，其含义相当于对应的形容词含义，即be of great urgency与be very urgent含义相同。故填urgency。 2.Human activities are very likely to cause the next mass __________ （extinct）. extinction 解析 句意为：人类活动非常有可能引起下一次大规模的物种灭绝。设空处作cause的宾语，根据语境可知应填名词extinction。 3.The society was set up to preserve ___________ （endanger） species from dying out. endangered 解析 句意为：成立这个协会是为了保护濒危物种不致灭绝。设空处修饰其后面的名词species，应用形容词作定语，故填endangered。 刷单句填空 4 4.There is a need for the ____________ （conserve） of trees, or there will soon be no forests. conservation 解析 句意为：有必要保护树木，否则过不了多久森林就会消失。设空处作介词for的宾语，且被定冠词the修饰，需要填名词。故填conservation。 5.The pencils are made from ________ （recycle） paper, which are environment-friendly and easy to produce. recycled 解析 句意为：这种铅笔是由回收纸制品制成的，既环保又易于生产。设空处作定语，修饰paper，此处表示被动和完成，应用过去分词作前置定语。故填recycled。 6.Two people were arrested yesterday at a Paris airport for bringing animals into Europe from South America ________ （legal）. illegally 解析 句意为：昨天，两名从南美洲非法携带动物进入欧洲的人在巴黎的一个机场被捕。设空处应用副词作状语，修饰动名词短语bringing animals into Europe from South America。根据语境可知，此处表示“非法地”，故填illegally。 刷单句填空 5 7.All of these human activities pose a real threat ___ the hummingbird population. to 解析 句意为：所有这些人类的活动都对蜂鸟的数量构成了真正的威胁。pose a threat to… 为固定搭配，意为“对……构成威胁”，故填to。 8.It is predicted that the number of the disabled will be ____ the decrease if a series of prevention policies are carried out. on 解析 句意为：据预测，如果一系列预防政策被实施的话，残疾人的数量将会减少。on the decrease为固定搭配，意为“减少；下降”。故填on。 9.During the plague of locusts last month, many crops ______________ （destroy） by locusts, resulting in heavy losses. were destroyed 解析 句意为：在上个月的蝗灾中，大量农作物被蝗虫毁坏，造成了严重的损失。many crops和destroy之间是被动关系，根据last month可知，本句应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语many crops为复数，谓语也应用复数形式。故填were destroyed。 刷单句填空 6 10.Many young people, most of _______were well-educated, headed for other regions to chase their dreams. whom 解析 句意为：很多年轻人，其中大部分是受过良好教育的，前往其他地区去追逐自己的梦想。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句。在“代词+介词+关系代词”结构中，如果修饰的先行词指人时，使用关系代词whom；如果修饰的先行词指物时，使用关系代词which。句中的先行词为young people，故应用whom。 刷单句填空 7 根据提示补全句子。 1.我们不能简单地以破坏我们仅有的栖息地为代价，来寻求工业发展中的高利润。（名词risk） We can’t simply seek high profits from industrial development ___ ____ _____ ___ damaging our only living habitat. at the risk of 2.显然，人类活动应为日益恶化的生态系统负责。（blame） Evidently, human activities ____ ___ _______ ____ the increasingly worsened ecological system. 3.很多珍稀物种都面临着灭绝的威胁。（die） Many rare species are _______ ____ ______ ___ ______ ____. are to blame for facing the threat of dying out 4.我们每个人在环境保护中都有自己的作用，都可以为世界带来改变。（role; play） Every single one of us ____ ___ _____ ___ _____ ___ the career of conservation and can make a difference to the world. has a role to play in 刷单句表达 8 5.新的调查显示，我市高峰期的交通拥堵状况是非高峰期的三倍。（倍数表达法） According to new research， in our city, the traffic in the rush hour is ______ ______ ________ _____ normal. three times heavier than 6.如果不立即采取有效的措施，我们将不得不面临不可避免的损失。（虚拟语气） Without immediate and efficient measures taken, we _______ _____ ___ _____ the unavoidable damage. would have to face 刷单句表达 9 在空白处填入1个适当的单词。 1.The Glasshouse houses the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing （追溯） the steps along the Silk Route __________ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia.［全国新课标Ⅰ2024·改编］ which/that 解析 句意为：这座玻璃温室将中国西南部的植物安置在丝绸之路的尽头，丝绸之路将这些植物从亚洲的原生地（中国）带到了英国。分析句子成分可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the Silk Route，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导该从句。 2.There was once a town in the heart of America _______ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings.［全国甲2023·改编］ where 解析 句意为：从前在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里的万物似乎都与其四周的环境和平共处。分析句子结构可知，设空处前后都是完整的句子；设空处后的句子修饰限定前面的town，应是定语从句，先行词town指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以应用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 刷单元语法 10 方法点拨 当先行词是地点名词时，使用关系代词还是关系副词关键是看关系词在定语从句中作的成分。 （1）如果先行词可以直接代入定语从句，且代入后在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语，则用关系代词。如：This is the city （which/that） you visited last year.中定语从句所修饰的先行词是the city；将先行词代入定语从句you visited last year中，它直接充当visited的宾语，变为：you visited the city last year。 （2）如果先行词无法直接代入定语从句，必须另外加上介词，且代入后在定语从句中充当状语，则使用关系副词。如：This is the city where you stayed last year.中定语从句所修饰的先行词也是the city；将先行词代入定语从句中，它不能直接充当成分，必须加上介词in，一起作从句的地点状语，变为：you stayed in the city last year。 刷单元语法 11 3.The reason _____ I love music is that the piece of music named Fate Symphony by Beethoven has inspired me a lot to move on when I am in difficulty. why 解析 句意为：我之所以喜欢音乐，是因为贝多芬的《命运交响曲》这首音乐在我遇到困难的时候给了我很多鼓励，让我继续前进。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中引导定语从句，修饰名词reason，设空处在句中作原因状语，故用why引导该从句。 4.I can introduce Chinese painting skills to visitors, _______ can help them know more about Chinese culture. which 解析 句意为：我可以介绍中国绘画技巧给游客，这能帮助他们更多地了解中国文化。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句，即“介绍中国绘画技巧给游客”这件事，定语从句缺少主语，故填which。 刷单元语法 12 5.In history, Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games is the first Games _______ all venues （场地） are powered by clean energy. where 解析 句意为：在历史上，2022年北京冬奥会是第一届所有场馆都由清洁能源供电的奥运会。本题考查定语从句，先行词为Games，属于抽象地点，从句不缺成分，故填where。 6.The way _____ you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. that 解析 句意为：你拿筷子的方式对于避免惹恼你的同伴很重要。本题考查定语从句，先行词为The way，表示“方式，方法”，后面的定语从句不缺成分则可以用that或in which来引导，也可以省去关系词，故此处填that。 刷单元语法 13 7.In 1961 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _______ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. whose 解析 句意为：1961年，联合国成立了世界粮食计划署，其目的之一是缓解世界范围内的饥荒。分析句子结构可知，逗号后面的部分为非限制性定语从句，先行词为the World Food Programme，关系词指代先行词，在从句中作purposes的定语，表示所属关系，应用关系代词whose引导该从句，意为“世界粮食计划署的目的之一”。故填whose。 8.Our school offers a variety of out-of-class activities, ________ which we all benefit a lot. from/by 解析 句意为：我们学校提供各种各样的课外活动，我们都从中受益匪浅。本句含有将介词提前的定语从句，由固定搭配benefit from/by… 可知，设空处应用介词from或by。 刷单元语法 14 9.The National Half Marathon, _______ popularity is growing much stronger, has become our annual sport gala. whose 解析 句意为：全国半程马拉松已经成为我们一年一度的体育盛会，其受欢迎程度越来越高。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词指代先行词The National Half Marathon，在从句中作定语，故填whose。 10.____ it suggests, in baseball this means that a batter is out after making three unsuccessful attempts to hit the ball. As 解析 句意为：正如它所暗示的，在棒球运动中这意味着击球手在三次击球尝试失败后出局。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面的整个主句，在从句中作宾语，表示“正如”，所以应用as来引导该从句；设空处位于句首，首字母应大写，故填As。 刷单元语法 15 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the last 500 million years, there have been five mass extinctions in which all species were almost completely wiped out in Earth’s history. There are 1._____________ （vary） reasons for extinctions, volcano eruptions, climate change and asteroids hitting the Earth 2._________ （include）. According to the scientists, it is very likely that the sixth mass extinction is around the corner, 3._______ is attributed to human activities instead of those normal natural causes. What’s 4.______ （bad）, the speed of extinction caused by human activities is 1，000 times faster than normal. Generally speaking, human activities vary from overfishing 5.___ factory farming. With a sixth mass extinction 6._________ （occur）, more than three quarters of all species 7.____________ （expect） to disappear altogether. As 8.___ result, the survival will be put at risk without water, air, forests and other basic living resources. varied/various included which worse to occurring are expected a 刷课文改编填空 16 9.___________ （fortunate）, there are many efficient and immediate steps we can take to avoid the extinction before it is too late, like setting up natural preserve areas for wild animals. We also need to develop greener and more natural resources. In 10.__________ （conclude）, small changes make a big difference. Fortunately conclusion 刷课文改编填空 1._____________ varied/various 解析 设空处应用形容词作定语，修饰reasons，可填varied，意为“各种各样的；形形色色的”，也可填various，意为“各种各样的；各种不同的”。 2._________ included 解析 分析句子结构可知，此处为独立主格结构，独立主格的逻辑主语为名词短语和动名词复合结构，此处表示“包括在内的”，应填过去分词included。 3._______ which 解析 分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the sixth mass extinction，引导词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导该从句。 4.______ worse 解析 what’s worse为固定表达，意为“更糟糕的是”，在句中作状语。 5.___ to 解析 from… to… 为固定搭配，意为“从……到……”。 刷课文改编填空 18 6._________ occurring 解析 设空处所在部分为“with+宾语+宾补”复合结构，该部分在句中作状语。With后的宾语a sixth mass extinction和动词occur之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故使用其现在分词形式。 7.____________ are expected 解析 分析句子成分可知，句中缺少谓语；根据上下文时态和语境可知，应使用一般现在时的被动语态，表示“预计”。 8.___ a 解析 as a result为固定短语，意为“结果；因此”。 9.___________ Fortunately 解析 此处为副词作评注性状语，表明看法。 10.__________ conclusion 解析 in conclusion为固定搭配，意为“总而言之”。 刷课文改编填空 19 01 Topic Talk &Lesson 1 The Sixth Extinction Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 20 A ［河南新高中创新联盟TOP二十名校2025高二调研］Diego Cardeñosa has loved sharks ever since he was a child. The Colombia native was never afraid of them when he visited his beloved beach. Instead, he was fascinated by how sharks moved through water using their fins （鳍）.It was no surprise that he became a marine （海洋的） biologist. Concern grew as Cardeñosa learnt about the serious state of sharks worldwide. The International Union for Conservation of Nature reports a shocking rise in the extinction threat to shark species, now affecting 35%, up nearly 50% in a decade. Overfishing stands as the main cause, driven by demand for shark meat and fins. “They are being killed at a rate that cannot survive in the future,” said Cardeñosa.“As soon as I realised they were going through a conservation crisis, I wanted to help what I love the most.” Scientists worry the sharks’ dropping numbers could bring an ecological disaster as they play a number of key roles in the ocean. Unlike many fish, sharks take a long time to 刷阅读理解 21 reproduce. Fisheries kill about 100 million sharks a year, according to the nonprofit Save Our Seas Foundation. Many sharks end up as bycatch when long lines and nets unintentionally catch them. Today, Cardeñosa fights against the illegal shark trade as a Distinguished Postdoctoral Scholar at Florida International University. His innovation—a portable DNA kit like a small red box—plays a key role in identifying shark species and their origins in major ports globally. This breakthrough has greatly improved law enforcement （实施） efforts in ports like Hong Kong, where the amount of seized shark fins has risen from five to a hundred tons annually since the kit’s introduction. Cardeñosa’s efforts extend beyond sharks, aiding authorities in stopping trafficking of other endangered species like European eels and South America’s matamata turtles. His commitment earned him recognition from the global agency Directorate of Criminal Investigation and Interpol. 【语篇导读】本是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了迭戈·卡德尼奥萨从小热爱鲨鱼，长大后成为海洋生物学家，致力于保护鲨鱼和其他濒危物种的故事。 刷阅读理解 1.What led to Diego Cardeñosa’s profession?( ) A A.His great interest in sharks. B.His surprise at sharks’ value. C.His concern for shark extinction. D.His childhood love for the ocean. 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Diego Cardeñosa has loved sharks ever since he was a child.”和“It was no surprise that he became a marine biologist.”可知，迭戈·卡德尼奥萨是因为对鲨鱼很感兴趣才选择成为海洋生物学家的。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 23 2.What is the main reason for shark species being threatened with extinction?( ) D A.Climate change. B.City construction. C.Natural disasters. D.Business fishing. 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Overfishing stands as the main cause, driven by demand for shark meat and fins.”可知，鲨鱼物种面临灭绝威胁的主要原因是商业捕鱼，故选D项。 刷阅读理解 24 3.What could happen if sharks continue to decrease in numbers?( ) C A.There will be fewer attacks on tourists. B.More fish species might become endangered. C.Marine ecological balance could be destroyed. D.Fishing industries will face less competition. 解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Scientists worry the sharks’ dropping numbers could bring an ecological disaster as they play a number of key roles in the ocean.”并结合语境可推知，鲨鱼在海洋中扮演着许多关键角色，如果鲨鱼的数量继续减少，可能会破坏海洋生态平衡，引发生态灾难，故选C项。 刷阅读理解 25 4.What is the function of Diego’s DNA kit?( ) B A.It reduces shark fin sales. B.It aids in species identification. C.It changes law enforcement. D.It meets demand for shark products. 解析 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“His innovation—a portable DNA kit like a small red box—plays a key role in identifying shark species and their origins in major ports globally.”可知，迭戈的DNA试剂盒的主要功能是鉴定鲨鱼的种类及其来源。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 26 词汇加油站 核心词汇 1.be fascinated by… 被……吸引；被……迷住 2.extinction n.灭绝；绝种 3.crisis n.危机 4.trafficking n.（非法）进行……交易 刷阅读理解 27 B ［湖北鄂东南联盟2025高二期中］More and more researchers are using artificial intelligence （AI） to monitor biodiversity and assist endangered species. Different from conventional methods that can damage ecosystems or require considerable time, labour and resources, AI has the potential to quickly and effectively analyse vast quantities of real-world data. Ecologist Jörg Müller at the University of Würzburg, Germany, and his colleagues have shown that AI tools can help to quantify biodiversity in tropical （热带的） forests by identifying animal species from audio （音频的） recordings.“Our results demonstrate that AI is ready for more comprehensive species identification,” says Müller.“All that is needed now is more training data collected by humans.” AI is imperfect, but it could speed up important discoveries, says Nicolas Miailhe, co-founder of The Future Society （TFS）, an international non-profit organisation that aims to better govern AI.“We badly need human specialists to design models, as well as collect, label, check and interpret data,” he says. 刷阅读理解 28 Researchers at Conservation AI, a UK-based non-profit organisation in Liverpool that uses AI technology for various ecology projects, have developed models that can search through footage and images from drones （无人机） or camera traps to identify wildlife and track animal movements. So far, Conservation AI has processed more than 12.5 million images and detected more than 4 million individual animal appearances across 68 species.“The platform can process tens of thousands of images an hour, in contrast to humans who can do a few thousand at best,” says Paul Fergus, one of Conservation AI’s lead researchers.“The speed at which AI processes data could allow conservationists to protect endangered species from sudden threats,” he adds. Miailhe is hopeful that AI can be routinely applied to real-world conservation efforts in the near future.“That’s clearly the way to go,” he says. But he warns that AI consumes computing power, which ultimately has opposite effects on ecosystems.“Environmental impact assessments should be at the centre of AI risk management,” he says. 刷阅读理解 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍科学家们如今正在使用人工智能分析大量生态数据，利用人工智能的强大功能来保护生物多样性。 刷阅读理解 1.Which aspect makes AI different from other study methods?( ) B A.Its information accessing speed. B.Its data processing capability. C.Its environmental friendliness. D.Its computing accuracy. 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Different from conventional methods that can damage ecosystems or require considerable time, labour and resources, AI has the potential to quickly and effectively analyse vast quantities of real-world data.”可知，人工智能能够快速且有效地分析大量数据，这是人工智能和传统研究方法的不同之处。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 31 2.What does Müller think is needed for AI to be more helpful?( ) B A.More images of animals. B.More information of audio recordings. C.More complicated tests. D.More data on tropical forests. 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“All that is needed now is more training data collected by humans.”可知，米勒认为，人工智能要想发挥更大的作用，需要更多由人类收集到的数据；根据本段第一句中的“AI tools can help to quantify biodiversity… by identifying animal species from audio recordings”可知，人工智能是通过音频记录来识别动物种类的，所以米勒认为人工智能需要更多的录音信息才能更有帮助。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 32 3.What is paragraph 4 mainly about?( ) C A.Conservation AI’s comment on its AI platform. B.AI platforms’ principle of species identification. C.AI models’ advantages in ecological conservation. D.AI’s potential for providing quick-response measures. 解析 主旨大意题。根据第四段内容可知，非营利组织Conservation AI的研究人员将人工智能技术用于各种生态项目，到目前为止，Conservation AI已经处理了1,250多万张图像，检测到68个物种的400多万只动物的外貌。由此可知，第四段通过列举数据，说明了人工智能模型在生态保护方面的应用和优势。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 33 4.What is Miailhe’s attitude towards using AI for ecological conservation?( ) C A.Optimistic. B.Doubtful. C.Objective. D.Negative. 解析 推理判断题。由文章最后一段内容可知，本段开头指出米埃勒对在不久的将来人工智能日常应用于现实世界的生态保护抱有希望，而下文他也提醒人们，人工智能需要消耗计算能力，这最终还是会对生态系统造成不良影响，应该在人工智能风险管控方面注重环境影响评估。综合来看，米埃勒对使用人工智能进行生态保护持客观态度。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 34 词汇加油站 核心词汇 1.monitor vt.监测；检测 2.conventional adj.传统的；常规的 3.considerable adj.相当多（或大、重要等）的 4.govern vt.& vi.统治；管理 5.label vt.贴标签于 6.process vt.处理；加工 刷阅读理解 35 ［辽宁省2024学业水平测试］We use plastics to make many things, from medical equipment to TVs to food packaging.1.___.These plastics then break down into smaller pieces that can last for centuries. This causes problems, especially for the world’s oceans. Scientists are working to solve the problems. But in the meantime, here are four things you can do to reduce plastic waste now. Quit using plastic bags.Instead, take your own reusable shopping bag to the store. People use a trillion （1,000 billion） plastic bags worldwide every year. About 10 percent are used in the United States alone. That’s almost one bag per American per day. Meanwhile, a Dane uses four single-use bags per year on average. In 1993, Denmark was the first country to place a tax （税） on plastic bags.2.___ Skip the straw （吸管）.Today, around 8.3 billion plastic straws pollute the world’s beaches. So when you order a drink, you can say no to the straw.3.___.In 2018, Seattle became the first major US city to ban plastic straws, and many other cities are set to follow its example. F G E 刷7选5 36 4.___.Buy bar soap instead of liquid soap in plastic containers. Don’t buy fruit or vegetables wrapped in plastic. In the United Kingdom, leaders are calling for supermarkets to have plastic-free areas. They also want to tax plastic take-out containers. A 刷7选5 Recycle.5.___, but it is possible to recycle most plastic bottles and milk or juice boxes. Today, Norway recycles 97 percent of its plastic bottles. How? Machines at most supermarkets take the bottles and give a refund of up to 32 cents per bottle. A.Avoid plastic packaging B.Set up plastic-free areas C.We can’t recycle all plastic products D.We can’t stop recycling plastic bottles E.You can also bring your own reusable one F.At the end of their useful life, most plastic products are thrown away G.Today, other countries either make customers pay for plastic bags, or have banned them completely C 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们应该怎样做来减少塑料垃圾。 刷7选5 38 1.___ F 解析 根据空前“We use plastics to make many things, from medical equipment to TVs to food packaging.”和空后“These plastics then break down into smaller pieces that can last for centuries.”可知，空前提到塑料无处不在，空后提出塑料会分解成持续几个世纪的碎片，设空处应与塑料制品的废弃处理相关。F项（在使用寿命结束时，大多数塑料制品都会被丢弃）承上启下，符合语境，且选项中的most plastic products与空后的These plastics相呼应。故选F项。 2.___ G 解析 根据本段第一句“Quit using plastic bags.”可知，本段主要介绍要停止使用塑料袋，再根据空前的“In 1993, Denmark was the first country to place a tax on plastic bags.”可知，空前给出了一个具体的例子,提到了丹麦对塑料袋的处理方式，G项（如今，其他国家要么让顾客为塑料袋付费，要么完全禁止它们）承接上文，符合语境，进一步说明其他国家对塑料袋的处理措施。故选G项。 刷7选5 39 3.___ E 解析 根据本段主旨句“Skip the straw.”可知，本段主要介绍要停止使用吸管；结合空前的“So when you order a drink, you can say no to the straw.”可知，上文讲到点饮料时可以拒绝使用吸管，E项（你也可以带上自己的可重复使用的吸管）承接上文，E项中的one指代上文提到的吸管，reusable表示“可重复使用的”。故选E项。 4.___ A 解析 设空处位于本段段首，结合其他几段的结构可知，设空处是本段的主旨句。根据空后的“Buy bar soap instead of liquid soap in plastic containers.Don’t buy fruit or vegetables wrapped in plastic.In the United Kingdom, leaders are calling for supermarkets to have plastic-free areas.”可知，空后提到不要买塑料包装的东西，故A项（避免塑料包装）能够概括本段的内容，符合语境。故选A项。 刷7选5 40 5.___ 解析 根据本段第一句“Recycle.”可知，本段主要介绍要回收再利用，且根据空后的but it is possible to recycle most plastic bottles and milk or juice boxes可知，空处应填入一个与“回收大多数塑料瓶和牛奶或果汁盒是可能的”构成转折的观点，故C项（我们不能回收所有的塑料制品）符合语境，并引出后文的具体回收措施。故选C项。 C 刷7选5 02 Lesson 2 War on Plastic Packets Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar 42 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.There is a widespread ________ （anxious） about the overuse of plastic products in our daily life. anxiety 解析 句意为：人们普遍对日常生活中塑料制品的过度使用表示担忧。设空处作主语，被冠词a和形容词widespread修饰，应填名词单数形式。 2.The ability to separate out ________ （reuse） elements from other waste is crucial. reusable 解析 句意为：将可再次利用的成分从其他废料中分离出来的能力至关重要。根据句意可知，设空处作定语，修饰名词elements，应用形容词，表示“可再次利用的”。故填reusable。 3.Supermarkets call on __________ （consume） to take reusable bags with them. consumers 解析 句意为：超市呼吁消费者自备可重复使用的购物袋。call on sb to do sth为固定搭配，意为“呼吁某人做某事”。根据后面的them可知，此处应用名词复数形式。 刷单句填空 43 4.Every now and then, I take out a photo from my __________ （collect） that can bring back memories of an old vacation. collection 解析 句意为：我偶尔会从我收藏的照片中拿出一张，它能勾起我对旧时假期的回忆。设空处作介词from的宾语，且被形容词性物主代词my修饰，应用名词。此处指“我的（照片）收藏集”，表示整体概念。故填collection。 5.As was reported, a collection of valuable stamps _____________ （wrap） in delicate handmade bags in a stamp display last week. was wrapped 解析 句意为：据报道，在上周的邮票展中，一批价值不菲的邮票被包装在精致的手工袋中。分析句子结构可知，设空处为主句的谓语，wrap与主语之间为被动关系，故设空处应用被动语态；主句主语中心词为collection，谓语应用第三人称单数形式；根据时间状语last week可知，此处表示发生在过去的动作，时态应用一般过去时。 刷单句填空 44 6.The next morning he hired a boat and set out _______ （find） the well-known painter. to find 解析 句意为：第二天早上，他雇了一条船出发去寻找那位著名的画家。set out to do sth为固定用法，意为“开始做某事；着手做某事”，故填to find。 7.The wrapping paper stops products ______________ （pollute） by fluids during transport, like water or oil. being polluted 解析 句意为：彩色包装纸可以使产品在运输过程中免受水、油等液体的污染。stop sb/sth （from） doing sth为固定用法，意为“阻止某人/物做某事”，此处表被动，要用动名词的被动形式。 刷单句填空 45 8.All too often, great words in a book end up ___________________ （turn） into cinematic “turkeys”. turning/being turned 解析 句意为：很多时候，书中的精彩文字最终变成了失败的电影。end up doing sth为固定用法，表示“以做某事告终”，所以设空处应用动名词形式作宾语；turn （…） into… 表示“（使）变成”，既可作及物动词短语，又可作不及物动词短语，故填turning/being turned。 9.We have put off the picnic until next week, ______ the weather may be better. when 解析 句意为：我们已经把野餐的时间推迟到了下周，到那时天气也许会更好。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用when。 10.Humans are not fully aware _____ environmental protection has been of great urgency. that 解析 句意为：人类还没有充分意识到环境保护的紧迫性。分析句子成分可知，设空处位于形容词aware后，引导宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分且语义完整，故填连接词that。 刷单句填空 46 ［河南南阳一中2025高二月考］阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Africa is a continent that everyone knows about, but not many fully understand.“If you haven’t been there 1.________ （your）, you will never truly know what it’s like,” said 29-year-old Huang Siyuan. From 2019 to 2022, Huang worked as a security 2._________ （engine） at a sewage （污水） treatment plant in The Republic of Equatorial Guinea. The plant 3.__________ Huang worked for is in the capital, Malabo.“I heard that locals used to throw waste in front of their doorsteps. Since mosquitoes breed （繁殖） there, the incidence of malaria was 4.__________ （extreme） high,” Huang said. With the plant, not only had the city’s appearance been transformed, 5.____ the health condition of the local people had also improved. A survey done by WHO showed that after the plant 6.________ （put） into use, the city’s incidence rate of malaria dropped from 45% to 11%.Even if someone is infected with malaria, artemisinin, a drug 7.__________ （discover） by the Chinese scientist Tu Youyou, proves an effective cure. yourself engineer that/which extremely but was put discovered 刷语法填空 47 8._________ （make） everything run smoothly, Huang and his colleagues conducted routine checkups and clean-ups of sewage wells around the city. Sometimes they would run into local residents who would thank them for 9.__________ （improve） the local living environment.“We regard their gratitude 10.___ the most precious reward,” he said. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了黄思源在赤道几内亚共和国马拉博污水处理厂工作的经历，该厂通过污水处理改变了城市面貌，降低了疟疾的发病率，改善了当地人的健康状况。 To make improving as 刷语法填空 1.________ yourself 解析 句意为：29岁的黄思源称：“如果你没有亲自去过那里，你永远不会真正知道它是什么样的。”此处表示“你自己；亲自”，应用反身代词。故填yourself。 2._________ engineer 解析 句意为：2019年至2022年间，黄思源在赤道几内亚共和国的一家污水处理厂担任安全工程师。a security ____为名词短语作介词as的宾语，应用名词单数形式，此处表示“工程师”，故填engineer。 3.__________ that/which 解析 句意为：黄思源任职的污水处理厂位于首都马拉博。此处引导定语从句，先行词The plant指物，且关系词在从句中作宾语，故用关系代词that或which引导该从句。 4.__________ extremely 解析 句意为：黄思源称：“我听说当地人过去常常把垃圾扔到他们的门阶前。由于蚊子会在那里繁殖，疟疾的发病率极高。”设空处修饰形容词high，应用副词，作状语。故填extremely。 刷语法填空 49 5.____ but 解析 句意为：有了这家污水处理厂，不仅市容市貌得到改变，当地人民的健康状况也得到改善。结合句意可知，此处为固定结构not only… but （also）…，意为“不但……而且……”。 6.________ was put 解析 句意为：世界卫生组织进行的一项调查显示，该污水处理厂投入使用后，该市的疟疾发病率从45%下降到11%。分析句子结构可知，设空处在after引导的时间状语从句中作谓语；put sth into use为固定短语，意为“将某物投入使用”，the plant与put之间为被动关系；由语境及空后的dropped可知，此处表示过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填was put。 7.__________ discovered 解析 句意为：即使有人感染疟疾，中国科学家屠呦呦发现的青蒿素证明是一种有效药物。本句为主从复合句，主句为主系表结构，设空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰drug；drug与discover之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填discovered。 刷语法填空 50 8._________ To make 解析 句意为：为了让一切顺利进行，黄思源和他的同事们对分布在该市各地的污水井进行了例行检查和清理。句中已有谓语conducted，设空处应用非谓语动词；结合句意可知，此处表示目的，故应用不定式作目的状语。 9.__________ improving 解析 句意为：有时，他们会碰到当地居民，居民们会感谢他们改善了当地的生活环境。thank sb for doing sth 为固定短语，意为“感谢某人做某事”，故此处应用动名词作介词for的宾语。故填improving。 10.___ as 解析 句意为：他说：“我们把他们的感激之情视为最珍贵的回报。”regard… as… 为固定短语，意为“把……看作……”。 刷语法填空 51 02 Lesson 2 War on Plastic Packets Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 52 ［江苏常州高级中学2025高二期中］Researchers have designed a handheld device that can capture and change water molecules from the air into drinkable water using only surrounding sunlight as its energy source. This atmospheric water harvester used a material known as a metal-organic framework （MOF）.It can extract water repeatedly in the hottest and driest place in North America, Death Valley National Park. The tests showed the device could provide clean water anywhere, addressing an urgent problem, as climate change exacerbates drought conditions. “Almost one-third of the world’s population lives in water-stressed areas. The UN predicts that in 2050, almost 5 billion people on our planet will experience some kind of water stress for a significant part of the year,” said Omar Yaghi, a chemistry professor who invented MOFs and is leading this study.“This is quite relevant to taking advantage of a new source of water.” Other kinds of materials, such as salts or hydrogels, cannot operate in extreme weather conditions, in an energy-efficient manner and with a high capacity all at once. The new MOF-powered harvesters can be an exceptionally powerful tool to address water shortage issues related 刷阅读理解 53 to anything from drinking water to agriculture. This technology can also be used to secure pure water in areas where water is plentiful but not clean. The device is also extremely efficient at harvesting water, releasing 85 to 90 percent of the water it captures from atmospheric vapour as drinking water. It harvests up to 285 grammes of water per kilogramme of the MOF in a day, the amount of a cup of water. It’s also smaller than the earlier type but it is even more energy-efficient. It produces 200 grammes of clean water per square metre of water vapour, more than three times the water productivity rate of the earlier type. There will likely be further developments in efficiency and size for this device. Yaghi said he could see one day the widespread adoption of household-based MOF-powered water harvesters, and community-scale water harvesters with the help of data science and machine learning. Those could be in kitchens or even next to air conditioners to supply homes with clean water for cooking and cleaning. Some companies are already working on this, he said. 刷阅读理解 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员设计的一款利用太阳能驱动的手持水分子收集器。 刷阅读理解 1.What can we learn about the new handheld device?( ) C A.It helps improve air quality. B.It may solve water pollution. C.It can run without additional power sources. D.It is only suitable for the driest and hottest areas. 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段内容“Researchers have designed a handheld device that can capture and change water molecules from the air into drinkable water using only surrounding sunlight as its energy source.”可知，研究人员设计的手持设备是利用太阳能驱动的，不需要额外的电源来运行。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 56 2.What does the author intend to do in the third paragraph?( ) B A.Highlight the fact of water shortage. B.Show the necessity of the harvester. C.Advocate relieving efforts in water-stressed areas. D.Warn against the harm caused by climate change. 解析 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，本段主要介绍了世界上水资源短缺的情况，联合国预测2050年地球上近50亿人将面临某种形式的水资源压力，因此人们需要利用新的水资源。由此可推知，本段主要是介绍设计这款收集器的背景，表明研究这种收集器的必要性。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 57 3.How much water can we get using a harvester with two kilogrammes of the MOF daily?( ) C A.About 400 grammes. B.About 485 grammes. C.About 570 grammes. D.About 360 grammes. 解析 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“It harvests up to 285 grammes of water per kilogramme of the MOF in a day, the amount of a cup of water.”可知，每千克金属有机框架每天最多可获得285克水，因此，两千克金属有机框架一天可收获570克左右的水。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 58 4.Which of the following statements about the MOF-powered harvester may Yaghi agree with?( ) A A.It will have huge market potential. B.It will function best in the kitchen. C.It will be much cheaper in the future. D.It will help promote machine learning. 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，该段主要介绍了亚吉所预想的该手持水分子收集器的应用场景，它的使用可以不局限于家中，还可以在社区中发挥作用，由此可知，亚吉认为这一设备很有发展前景，有很大的市场潜力。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 59 文本解构 刷阅读理解 60 ［山东省2024高二适应性联考］It was a turtle that changed Victoria Cairns, a headteacher from Derbyshire. She was . .1. . underwater when travelling in Bali when she saw one of the island’s famous . .2. ..It approached towards her in the crystal clear water, and she was . .3. . at first—until she saw the plastic bag in its mouth. She just thought the human was having a destructive . .4. . on the environment. She set up an antilitter social media account to . .5. . awareness of the damage caused by . .6. . pollution. She regularly picks up litter around her neighbourhood.“She’s done amazing work keeping the area clean, tidy and beautiful,” says her friend. Cairns keeps a litter-picker in her car, and will frequently . .7. . on the way back from work to clean something up. When running, Cairns carries a . .8. . litter-picker in her backpack, and picks up rubbish on her cool-down walk. 刷完形填空 61 “Some people don’t . .9. . things. There’s no value in a plastic bag, so they . .10. . it away, not into the bin but on the Earth somewhere. It means they are doing it when people aren’t . .11. ., as they know it’s unacceptable.” When she collects plastic bottles and carrier bags, it feels like a small act of . .12. .: This bag will not end up in a turtle’s mouth. It is a（n）. .13. . small act in the scheme of things, but it’s something. Cairns makes a . .14. . to her surroundings. She has been litter-picking in the . .15. . near her house.“It’s so beautiful. You get a different perspective being on the water,” she says. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了凯恩斯在一次潜水中发现了一只海龟嘴里有塑料袋，从那之后，她决定创办一个反对在公共场合乱丢杂物的社交媒体账号，告诉人们不能随便丢弃塑料垃圾。她自己也每天都在捡塑料垃圾来保护环境。 刷完形填空 1.( ) A.filming B.cleaning C.diving D.researching C 解析 根据下文的underwater when travelling in Bali可知，凯恩斯在巴厘岛旅行时在水下潜水。dive意为“潜水”，符合语境。故选C项。 2.( ) A.sharks B.turtles C.whales D.dolphins B 解析 根据上文的It was a turtle that changed Victoria Cairns可知，凯恩斯在潜水时看到了一只海龟。故选B项。 3.( ) A.delighted B.frightened C.embarrassed D.disappointed A 解析 根据上文的It approached towards her in the crystal clear water及下文until she saw the plastic bag in its mouth及常识可知，凯恩斯在清澈的水中看到一只海龟朝她游过来，起初的时候应是感到非常高兴。delighted意为“高兴的”；frightened意为“害怕的”；embarrassed意为“尴尬的”；disappointed意为“失望的”。故选A项。 刷完形填空 63 4.( ) A.mercy B.impact C.attack D.dependence B 解析 根据上文的until she saw the plastic bag in its mouth可知，看到海龟嘴里的塑料袋，凯恩斯感觉人类对环境产生了破坏性的影响。mercy意为“幸运；恩惠”；impact意为“影响”；attack意为“攻击”；dependence意为“依赖”。故选B项。 5.( ) A.risk B.learn C.raise D.lessen C 解析 根据上文凯恩斯看到海龟嘴里有塑料袋及空后的awareness of可知，凯恩斯建立社交媒体账号是为了提高人们对于塑料污染的意识。raise awareness of… 意为“提高对……的意识”。故选C项。 6.( ) A.air B.noise C.water D.plastic D 解析 根据上文的she saw the plastic bag in its mouth可知，此处指塑料污染。故选D项。 刷完形填空 64 7.( ) A.cheer up B.give in C.pull over D.break down C 解析 根据上文的in her car及下文的on the way back from work可知，凯恩斯经常在下班回家的路上停下来清理一些东西。cheer up意为“振作起来”；give in意为“屈服”；pull over意为“向路边停靠”；break down意为“情不自禁地哭起来”。故选C项。 8.( ) A.heavy B.portable C.comfortable D.complex B 解析 根据下文的in her backpack可知，凯恩斯在她背包里带着便携式垃圾捡拾器。heavy意为“重的”；portable意为“便携式的”；comfortable意为“舒适的”；complex意为“复杂的”。故选B项。 9.( ) A.value B.change C.protect D.store A 解析 根据下文的“There’s no value in a plastic bag, so they ____ it away”可知，一些人不重视东西。value意为“重视”；change意为“改变”；protect意为“保护”；store意为“储存；保存”。故选A项。 10.( ) A.put B.blow C.take D.throw 解析 根据上文的There’s no value in a plastic bag可知，塑料袋没有了价值，人们就会扔掉它们。故选D项。 D 刷完形填空 65 11.( ) A.working B.thinking C.noticing D.wandering C 解析 根据下文的as they know it’s unacceptable可知，因为人们觉得这件事并不可接受，所以他们在人们没有注意到的时候这样做。notice意为“注意到”，符合语境。故选C项。 12.( ) A.care B.response C.security D.dignity A 解析 根据上文的collects plastic bottles and carrier bags及下文的“This bag will not end up in a turtle’s mouth.”可知，当她收集塑料瓶和手提袋时，这个袋子最后就不会被海龟吞食，所以这像是一个小小的照顾行为。care意为“照顾”；response意为“反应；答复”；security意为“安全”；dignity意为“庄严；尊贵”。故选A项。 13.( ) A.frankly B.extremely C.anxiously D.cautiously B 解析 根据下文的but it’s something可知，捡垃圾是一件非常小的行为，但是它却非常有意义。frankly意为“坦率地”；extremely意为“非常；极其”；anxiously意为“焦虑地”；cautiously意为“谨慎地”。故选B项。 刷完形填空 66 14.( ) A.move B.choice C.decision D.difference D 解析 根据上文凯恩斯捡拾垃圾的行为和下文的“She has been litter-picking in the ____ near her house.”可知，凯恩斯小小的举动对周围的环境产生了影响。make a difference意为“起作用，有影响”，符合语境。故选D项。 15.( ) A.canal B.mountain C.bus D.forest A 解析 根据下文的on the water可知，凯恩斯是在家附近的运河里捡垃圾。canal意为“运河”，符合语境。故选A项。 刷完形填空 67 03 Lesson 3 The Road to Destruction Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar 68 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.Bacteria are an _________ （annoy） problem for astronauts. annoying 解析 句意为：细菌对航天员来说是个令人气恼的问题。设空处修饰名词problem，应用形容词。此处指事物的性质是“令人心烦的”，应用-ing结尾的形容词，故填annoying。 2.Although running _________ （regular） can’t make you live forever, it is more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming. regularly 解析 句意为：尽管经常跑步无法使你长生不老，但是它却比散步、骑行或游泳更能有效地延长寿命。设空处修饰动词running，应用副词作状语。 3.Human activities in all forms are speeding up the ___________ （destroy） of nature. destruction 解析 句意为：各种各样的人类活动正在加速大自然的毁灭。speeding up后面缺少宾语，且设空处被定冠词the修饰，故填名词destruction。 刷单句填空 69 4.He dropped behind other classmates this term, fully ________ （addict） to computer games. addicted 解析 句意为：这学期他的功课落后于其他同学，缘于他完全沉迷于电脑游戏。此处为形容词短语作原因状语。be addicted to… 意为“沉迷于……”。 5.She is quite ________ （suit） for the job: She is fluent in both English and French. suitable 解析 句意为：她很适合这项工作，她的英语和法语都说得很流畅。此处应填形容词，说明“她”的特征，be suitable for… 为固定搭配，意为“适合……”。故填suitable。 6.__________ （compare） to private cars, public buses are more friendly to the environment. Compared 解析 句意为：与私家车相比，公共汽车对环境更加友好。分析句子结构可知，设空处为非谓语形式作状语，compare 和主语public buses之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故使用其过去分词形式。 刷单句填空 70 7.Knowing and controlling your blood pressure helps cut the risk of stroke ____ up to 40 percent. by 解析 句意为：了解和控制你的血压有助于将患中风的危险降低40%。cut… by… 表示“将……减少了……”，此处介词by表示差值。故填by。 8.There is no exact answer, ___ is often the case in science. as 解析 句意为：没有确切的答案，这在科学中非常常见。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语，as is often the case为固定表达，意为“（对……而言）这是常有的事”，故用as作关系代词指代前面提到的整个句子。 刷单句填空 71 9.Those _____ saw Han Gan’s horse paintings all sang high praises for his unique skill, saying that his horses could “gallop off the paper”. who 解析 句意为：看过韩干画的马的人都对他的绝技赞不绝口，说他的马可以“从纸上飞奔而出”。分析句子结构可知，____ saw Han Gan’s horse paintings为定语从句，修饰Those，此处Those指人，关系代词在从句中作主语，故只能用who引导该从句。 10.How __________ （protect） our environment has become one of the most difficult issues in the world. to protect 解析 句意为：如何保护我们的环境已成为世界上最棘手的问题之一。分析句子结构可知，How____ our environment在句中作主语，应用“疑问词+不定式”结构，设空处应填动词不定式。故填to protect。 刷单句填空 72 根据提示补全句子。 1.你应该做的是不要再为你的失败找借口。（excuse） What you should do is to stop ______________ ________ ____ your failure. finding/making excuses for 2.当你遇到心理问题时，向专家寻求专业的帮助是一种明智的选择。（turn） It is a wise choice to _____ ___ _______ ____ professional help when you come across psychological problems. turn to experts for 3.你曾经经历过被困在严重的交通拥堵中的困境吗？（stick） Have you ever experienced such a dilemma where you_________ ______ ___ heavy traffic jams? were/got stuck in 4.这位卡车司机已经在公路上连续驾驶六个小时了，他既疲惫又焦虑。（形容词作状语; stress） The lorry driver has been driving on the highway for six hours in a row, ______________ _____ ________ ____. exhausted/tired and stressed out 5.气候变化和全世界日益增长的私家车数量紧密相关。（related） Climate change ___ _______ _______ ___ the increasing number of private cars in the world. is closely related to 刷单句表达 73 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the past several decades, the number of private cars 1._________ （go） up at a soaring speed, 2.________ （bring） varieties of problems to both human society and the environment. Take road safety for example, 3.____ average of 2,500 people die from vehicle accidents every year. Meanwhile, greenhouse gases 4.________ （emit） into the air are the major cause of global warming and climate change. As 5.___________ （individual）, is there something that we can do? 6.__________ （obvious）, it is never too late to take immediate action. It is strongly advised 7.________ （walk） or cycle for short journeys and to use public transport as much as possible. If we really have to use a car, sharing cars with others is cheaper and 8._________ （friendly） to the environment. You play an important role in improving the disturbing situation. If your street is filled 9._____ heavy traffic, many options are waiting for you, including writing to the papers, asking for a speed limit and going to the city government.10.____ is expected, small personal changes will make a big difference to the whole world. has gone bringing an emitted individuals Obviously to walk friendlier with As 刷课文改编填空 74 1._________ has gone 解析 根据句首的时间状语In the past several decades可知，句子谓语应用现在完成时；主语为the number of private cars，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。 2.________ bringing 解析 句子已有谓语动词，与设空处之间无连词连接，由此判断此处应用非谓语形式。此处表示私家车数量增长带来的一些问题，应用现在分词作结果状语。 3.____ an 解析 “an average of+n.”为固定表达，意为“平均……”，其中average为名词。 4.________ emitted 解析 句中已有系动词are，与设空处之间无连词连接，故设空处应用非谓语动词形式。greenhouse gases和emit之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。 刷课文改编填空 75 5.___________ individuals 解析 individual既可作形容词，意为“个人的”，也可作名词，意为“个人”。此处为名词，根据语境及后面的we可知，此处应用复数形式。 6.__________ Obviously 解析 此处为副词作评注性状语。 7.________ to walk 解析 此处It为形式主语，and连接的并列短语作真正的主语，由and后的不定式短语可知，此处应填动词不定式。 刷课文改编填空 76 8._________ friendlier 解析 设空处和cheaper为并列成分，故使用friendly的比较级形式。 9._____ with 解析 be filled with… 为固定搭配，意为“充满……”。 10.____ As 解析 as is expected为固定表达，意为“正如预料的那样”，句首单词首字母应大写，故填As。 刷课文改编填空 77 ［浙江G5联盟2025高二期中联考］阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With the proposed “Law on National Parks”, 1._______ is the first of its kind, domestic national parks will hopefully get better, more systematic and more sustainable protection. The first five national parks, 2._________ （include） the Sanjiangyuan National Park, were officially established in October 2021.The past three years 3._________ （see） the river sources being well protected. Precious experience 4._______ （gain） from managing the national parks helped the proposed law to come into being. It is expected 5.__________ （provide） legal support for the enforcement of the law against animal poaching or destruction of protected plants, and more. More importantly, the commercial activities of the national parks will be more efficiently regulated.6._________ （global）, having a national park doesn’t mean closing parts of it to visitors; 7.____ the contrary, most national parks reserve some core areas under strict protection which including has seen gained to provide Globally on 刷语法填空 78 while other regions are open to tourists to gain knowledge about the role of national parks. It also helps the national park management 8._______ （body） to raise some income of their own. That’s what makes the job of national park management more sustainable, 9._______ such activities need strict standards to avoid harming the ecology. The proposed “Law on National Parks” will establish a legal framework for this job, so as to protect national parks in 10.___ more sustainable and efficient manner. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。中国正在拟议《国家公园法》，该法律有望使国内的国家公园得到更好、更系统和更可持续的保护。 bodies but/yet a 刷语法填空 1._______ which 解析 句意为：随着拟议的第一部《国家公园法》的出台，国内的国家公园有望得到更好、更系统和更可持续的保护。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“Law on National Parks”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导该从句。 2._________ including 解析 句意为：包括三江源国家公园在内的首批五个国家公园于2021年10月正式设立。此处表示“包括……在内”，应用介词including。 3._________ has seen 解析 句意为：过去三年里，河流源头得到了很好的保护。设空处在句中作谓语，结合语境可知，此处表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时；The past three years作主语时，通常被看作一个整体，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 刷语法填空 80 4._______ gained 解析 句意为：从管理国家公园中获得的宝贵经验有助于该拟议法律的制定。本句谓语为helped，且与设空处之间无连接词连接，设空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰Precious experience，gain与所修饰的内容之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填gained。 5.__________ to provide 解析 句意为：该法律预计将为执行打击动物偷猎或破坏受保护植物等的法律提供法律支持。be expected to do sth是固定搭配，意为“预料/预期做某事”。故填to provide。 6._________ Globally 解析 句意为：在全球范围内，拥有一个国家公园并不意味着对游客关闭其部分区域；相反，大多数国家公园保留一些受到严格保护的核心区域，而其他区域则对游客开放，以便游客了解国家公园的作用。设空处应用副词形式，作状语，修饰整个句子。故填Globally。 7.____ on 解析 句意见上一题解析。on the contrary是固定短语，意为“与此相反”。故填on。 刷语法填空 81 8._______ bodies 解析 句意为：它还帮助国家公园管理机构增加一些自己的收入。the national park management ____ 作helps的宾语，body在此处意为“机构”，为可数名词，结合语境及their own可知，此处应用名词复数形式。故填bodies。 9._______ but/yet 解析 句意为：这就是使国家公园管理工作更具可持续性的原因，但此类活动需要严格的标准以免损害生态。分析句子结构可知，设空处前后均为成分完整的句子，结合语境可知，设空处前后为转折关系，应用并列连词but或yet连接前后两个并列分句。故填but或yet。 10.___ a 解析 句意为：拟议的《国家公园法》将为这项工作建立一个法律框架，以便以更可持续和高效的方式保护国家公园。in a（n）… manner是固定搭配，意为“以一种……的方式”；more的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 刷语法填空 82 03 Lesson 3 The Road to Destruction Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 83 A ［全国新课标Ⅱ2024］We all know fresh is best when it comes to food. However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm （BMF） shortens it even more. BMF is an indoor garden system. It can be set up for a family. Additionally, it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital, restaurant or school. The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens. Specifically, it’s a farm that relies on new technology. By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored. Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pod （容器） to get the next growth cycle started. 刷阅读理解 84 Moreover, having a system in the same building where it’s eaten means zero emissions （排放） from transporting plants from soil to salad. In addition, there’s no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment. BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic.“We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee. 【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了室内种植系统BMF（巴比伦微型农场）的相关信息，阐述了它的工作原理、主要优势和其公司的环保理念，该公司的种植模式和技术创新有巨大的社会价值和环境效益。 刷阅读理解 1.What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1?( ) C A.It guarantees the variety of food. B.It requires day-to-day care. C.It cuts the farm-to-table distance. D.It relies on farmer’s markets. 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles… Babylon Micro-Farm （BMF） shortens it even more.”可知，BMF能大大缩短食物从农场到餐桌的运输距离。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 86 2.What information does the convenient app offer?( ) B A.Real-time weather changes. B.Current condition of the plants. C.Chemical pollutants in the soil. D.Availability of pre-seeded pods. 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time.”可知，这个便捷的应用程序可以实时提供植物的生长数据，这些数据反映的是植物当前状况的信息。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 87 3.What can be concluded about BMF employees?( ) D A.They have a great passion for sports. B.They are devoted to community service. C.They are fond of sharing daily experiences. D.They have a strong environmental awareness. 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，BMF的员工在日常生活中践行可持续性发展理念，如步行或骑自行车上班、鼓励回收和减少浪费等，他们还对减少环境中的垃圾、碳（排放）和化学制品充满热情。BMF的员工的种种做法都表明他们有很强的环保意识。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 88 4.What does the text mainly talk about?( ) A A.BMF’s major strengths. B.BMF’s general management. C.BMF’s global influence. D.BMF’s technical standards. 解析 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文在第一段点明了BMF的优势，即更快地提供新鲜蔬菜的供应。下文详细介绍了BMF具备的远程监控、减少水资源消耗、零排放、避免使用杀虫剂或其他化学制品等特点，这些都属于BMF的优势。由此可知，A项（BMF 的主要优势）更好地概括了本文的主要内容。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 89 长难句分析 句意：此外，在食用植物的同一建筑中拥有一个系统意味着将植物从土壤（中被收获）到（被制成）沙拉运输的过程中实现零排放。 刷阅读理解 90 核心词汇 1.go through 经历；仔细检查；（法案等）被通过 2.rely on 依赖 3.automated adj.自动化的 刷阅读理解 91 B ［山东潍坊2025高二期中］Pushed by the rapid pace of today’s fashion industry, it’s no wonder many clothes buyers find themselves with a “closet （壁橱） of regrets”.All the clothes that don’t get worn can hang heavy on a consumer’s mind until finally thrown away. The trouble is, “There’s no ‘away’ for your clothes,” says Maxine Bédat, author of the book Unraveled: The Life and Death of a Garment, and an activist trying to change the industry’s wasteful ways. A few statistics tell the story.Fashion is responsible for about 10% of the carbon emissions （排放物） that are tipping our planet towards climate disaster. It produces 20% of all industrial water pollution. And it creates unimaginable quantities of rubbish, with about a garbage truck of clothes burnt or buried in a landfill every second. Although some companies have voluntarily tried to minimise their environmental and social impact, little progress has been made. So, a bill known as the New York Fashion Act was introduced. It would help consumers better understand the impact of their purchases and require 刷阅读理解 92 every large multinational fashion company operating in the state to map their global supply chains, disclose their environmental and social impacts, and set targets to cut emissions. Failure to meet the targets could bring a 2% fine on annual turnover. However, the bill is pro business, argues Ms Bédat, who worked with the bill’s co-sponsors to craft the measure, because it would level the playing field for companies to operate at the same environmental standards. Ms Bédat is looking beyond the “more” of fashion to how people value their clothes. Her book closes with a vision of a future when we will love our clothes because we have seized control of our own attention and removed the noise in our inboxes and on our social media channels that had taken our attention from our true needs and desires. And we bought them not to fill other holes in our lives, but with a clear and informed mindset. That could be just enough to clear out anyone’s “closet of regrets”. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了快速发展的时尚产业带来的资源浪费和环境问题以及消费者和企业可采取的应对措施。 刷阅读理解 1.What does the underlined word “story” in paragraph 2 refer to?( ) D A.Regrets left by overconsumption. B.Worries generated by abandoning clothes. C.Anxiety produced by falling behind the trend. D.Problems caused by the fast-paced fashion industry. 解析 词义猜测题。第一段中的“Pushed by the rapid pace of today’s fashion industry, it’s no wonder many clothes buyers find themselves with a ‘closet of regrets’.”暗示了快节奏的时尚产业会带来负面影响；接着第二段内容用一些数据揭示了时尚产业对环境造成的各种问题，如碳排放、水污染和垃圾产生等。因此，story在这里指的是快节奏的时尚产业带来的一系列问题。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 94 2.What does the New York Fashion Act aim to achieve?( ) C A.Boost sales for fashion companies. B.Regulate global fashion supply chains. C.Raise environmental awareness of buyers and producers. D.Limit the expansion of the fashion companies in New York. 解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It would help consumers better understand the impact of their purchases… set targets to cut emissions.”可知，该法令帮助消费者更好地了解他们的购买行为所产生的影响，并要求在该州运营的大型跨国时尚品牌披露其对环境和社会的影响，并设定减排目标，由此可知，这一法案的目的是提高企业和消费者的环保意识。 刷阅读理解 95 3.What does Ms Bédat think of the bill regulating the fashion companies?( ) A A.Fair. B.Costly. C.Complex. D.Demanding. 解析 推理判断题。根据第四段内容“However, the bill is pro business, argues Ms Bédat, who worked with the bill’s co-sponsors to craft the measure, because it would level the playing field for companies to operate at the same environmental standards.”可知，贝达女士认为该法案将使企业在相同的环境标准下运营，为它们创造了一个机会均等的局面，由此可知，贝达女士认为该法案是公平的。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 96 4.How can the “closet of regrets” be reduced according to Ms Bédat?( ) B A.Follow trends and buy more clothes. B.Value needs and make wise purchases. C.Plan budgets and shop eco-consciously. D.Stress functionality and cut down on buying. 解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Her book closes with a vision of a future… our true needs and desires.And we bought them not to fill other holes in our lives, but with a clear and informed mindset.”可知，贝达女士认为，为了减少“衣橱里的遗憾”，人们需要更加理性地看待购物和时尚，重视自己的真实需求和愿望，作出明智的购买决定。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 97 长难句分析 句意：她的书以一个对未来的愿景作为结尾，在这个未来，我们将热爱我们的衣服，因为我们已经控制了自己的注意力，消除了我们的收件箱和社交媒体渠道中的噪声，这些噪声夺走了我们的注意力，使我们无法关注自己真正的需求和愿望。 刷阅读理解 98 ［全国新课标Ⅱ2024］ Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help? Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations.1.___ Certainly not. The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience. ●Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you.2.___ ●Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots. B C 刷7选5 99 That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from.3.___ Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights? ● 4.___ Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You’ll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower. Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege （荣幸）.Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place.5.___ You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there. A.Visit during off-peak times. B.So, should we stop traveling? C.Travel for you and no one else. D.Can overtourism be avoided then? E.You can still find relatively undiscovered places. E A G 刷7选5 F.You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it. G.Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting. 【语篇导读】旅游虽然有诸多好处，但过度旅游会给当地环境带来很大的压力，但这并不意味着我们要放弃旅游。本文针对如何明智地制订旅游计划以减轻过度旅游对当地环境的影响提出了几点建议。 刷7选5 1.___ B 解析 根据下文中的“Certainly not.”可知，设空处应是一个设问，因此可以将答案锁定在B、D两项；再结合语境和下文中的The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable可知，下文对设空处的设问作出了否定回答，并提到了停止旅游后，损失旅游所能提供的东西在当今世界是无法接受的，因此设空处应与停止旅游的做法相关。B项（所以我们应该停止旅游吗？）符合语境。故选B项。 2.___ C 解析 根据设空处位置可判断，该空位于本段的段尾，应是对上文内容的总结。根据上文内容可知，本段主要讲当网上有非常多的关于相同地方的帖子，很容易让你觉得错失了游览好去处的机会，但空前一句“Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you.”给出其他建议，即当某地的风景、文化、食物等真正能够吸引你时，再去那个地方。由此可知，C项（为了你自己旅游而不是为了其他人）承接上文，符合语境。故选C项。 刷7选5 102 3.___ E 解析 上文讲到过度旅游的目的地通常只是一小部分非常热门的景点，而世界上还有大量少有人去的目的地可以选择；下文则建议人们尝试一些不太为人所知的地方性景点或热门旅游目的地的低知名度景点。设空处为过渡句，起到承上启下的作用，E项（你仍然可以找到相对而言鲜为人知的地方）符合语境，其中的relatively undiscovered places和上文的less-visited options以及下文的lesser-known sights相呼应。 4.___ A 解析 根据空后的“Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour.”以及关键词fewer可知，本段提出的建议是选择避开重要的节假日或者高峰期去旅行，这样可以避开大量游客、节省资金并且拥有独特的旅行体验等。A项（在淡季去游览）能够概括本段的内容，其中的off-peak times与下文中的skipping major holidays or rush hour相呼应。故选A项。 刷7选5 103 5.___ 解析 上文讲到旅游时应该尽量保护当地的特色；下文提到你可能会惊讶于你和那里的人能够如此亲近，由此推断设空处应是提出与当地人产生互动的建议。G项（考虑回馈你所游览的社区）符合语境。故选G项。 G 刷7选5 04 Writing Workshop—Reading Club 2 Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar 105 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.Marine pollution partly arises from varieties of ___________ （agriculture） rubbish. agricultural 解析 句意为：海洋污染物一部分来自各种各样的农业垃圾。设空处修饰后面的名词rubbish，应用形容词。 2.Natural disasters have been ___________ （increasing） frequent in recent decades. increasingly 解析 句意为：近几十年来，自然灾害变得越来越频繁。设空处修饰形容词frequent，应用副词，作状语，故填increasingly。 3.Life is full of ___________ （change） challenges and adventures as art. changeable 解析 句意为：生活如同艺术，充满了多变的挑战和冒险。根据语境可知，设空处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词短语challenges and adventures。 4.I could never stand the _______ （cruel） involved in wounding animals. cruelty 解析 句意为：我永远无法忍受伤害动物时的那种残忍。设空处作stand的宾语，且被定冠词the修饰，应用名词。此处表示抽象概念，cruelty作不可数名词，表示“残酷；残忍”。故填cruelty。 刷单句填空 106 5.Fully _________ （involve） in caring homeless animals, she has taken a vet as her career. involved 解析 句意为：她选择成为一名兽医，全心投入于关爱流浪动物。be involved in… 意为“投入于……；专心于……”，此处为形容词短语在句中作状语，故填involved。 6.In the _________ （follow） years, some endangered animals are expected to experience worse conditions because of the loss of habitats. following 解析 句意为：接下来的几年里，由于失去栖息地，一些濒危动物的处境预计会变得更加糟糕。根据设空处后面的名词years可知，此处应用形容词作定语，故填following。 7.Staying with animals is believed to create a peaceful state of mind, resulting ___ a favourable environment for the elderly people. in 解析 句意为：与动物待在一起被认为可以养成一种平静的心态，从而为老年人创造一个有利的环境。result in为固定搭配，意为“造成；导致”。故填in。 刷单句填空 107 8.Some sports can take the form of mental competitions.____ instance, chess was recognised as a sport by the International Olympic Committee in 1999. For 解析 句意为：一些体育运动可以采取智力竞赛的形式。例如，1999年国际奥委会正式承认国际象棋为一项体育运动。for instance为固定搭配，意为“例如；比如”，表示列举。故填For。 9.The painting will be a lasting memorial ___ a remarkable woman. to 解析 句意为：这幅油画将成为对一位杰出女性的永久纪念。a memorial to… 为固定表达，意为“对……的纪念”。故填to。 10.With the space station ________ （enter） the application and development phase, China will continue to adhere to the development concept of openness and sharing. entering 解析 句意为：随着空间站进入应用与发展阶段，中国将继续秉承开放共享的发展理念。分析句子结构可知，此处为“with+宾语+宾补”复合结构，enter与the space station之间是逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词作宾补。故填entering。 刷单句填空 108 根据提示补全句子。 1.他们正在采取必要措施，防止植被遭到大规模破坏。 They are taking necessary measures to prevent the destruction of vegetation ____ ___ ___________ ______. on a grand/large scale 2.总之，想要心脏健康，你必须经常运动并戒烟。（sum） ____ _____ ____, for a healthy heart you must take regular exercise and stop smoking. 3.各种各样的动物物种正在以令人恐慌的速度走向灭绝。（rate） Various animal species are on the way to complete extinction ___ ____ _________ _____. To sum up at an alarming rate 4.除了写关于大堡礁的文章之外，他还多次在电视上露面，支持对大堡礁的保护。 ___ ________ ___ writing articles about the Great Barrier Reef, he made lots of appearances on television to support conservation of it. In addition to 5.一方面，计算机提高了人们的工作效率，另一方面，它们也引起了一些新的问题。 ____ ____ _____ ______, computers have improved people’s work efficiency; ____ ____ ______ ______, they have also brought about some new problems. On the one hand on the other hand 刷单句表达 109 04 Writing Workshop—Reading Club 2 Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 110 A ［河北石家庄二中2024开学考试］Parks are the beating hearts of cities, providing crucial environments for wildlife of many sizes as well as areas of rest and recreation for local citizens.Accessible via public transport, and located near a university, a stadium and the National Library, Warsaw’s Pole Mokotowskie Park provides green space for many people. One of the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s five pathways to transformative change for water management is to restore the species population, ecosystems and the benefits that nature provides to people by using each city’s advantage. As more urban centres seek new ways to integrate greenery into the built environment, projects of all sizes and stages add to essential corridors and stopping points for a range of wildlife. 刷阅读理解 111 Tasked with improving Pole Mokotowskie Park’s natural sustainability, architecture company WXCA looked at ways of enhancing the elements that were already in place to better support wildlife. One of the most visible means was the removal of thousands of square metres of concrete （混凝土）.Removing concrete in and around ponds and other waterways allows the city’s features to shape themselves naturally, in reaction to both the surrounding environment and the weather. Doing so supports biodiversity by removing artificial constraints and flows. More than 13,000 square metres of concrete has already been removed, with more removal planned over the next year. For the human users of the park, the designers created education, activity, and art spaces. The Grand Salon, a meadow （草地） surrounded by trees, is for large public gatherings, and a handful of pavilions （亭） spread throughout the space provide visible means of monitoring the quality of the air and water. They also contribute to the park’s ecosystem through rainwater harvesting. As the temperature consistently rises, city planners are using the leaves and branches 刷阅读理解 of the plants and mixed-use designs to reduce heat islands, improve air quality and prevent urban run-off. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了公园是城市的灵魂，为野生动物提供了重要的环境，也为当地居民提供了休息和娱乐的场所。文章以华沙的波雷默柯托威斯基公园为例，说明了公园对生态起到的积极作用。 刷阅读理解 1.What do we know about Warsaw’s Pole Mokotowskie Park?( ) B A.It creates a new way to the city centre. B.It serves different community groups. C.It shows the locals are living happily. D.It reminds the public to protect the environment. 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Accessible via public transport, and located near a university, a stadium and the National Library, Warsaw’s Pole Mokotowskie Park provides green space for many people.”可知，华沙的波雷默柯托威斯基公园临近居民区、大学、体育场和国家图书馆，可以为人们提供休闲和娱乐的场所，即该公园服务于不同的社区群体。 刷阅读理解 114 2.What are the projects in paragraph 2 intended for?( ) D A.Providing stages to show off creativity. B.Taking advantage of the city’s resources. C.Encouraging people to get close to nature. D.Supplying various wildlife with more urban space. 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As more urban centres seek new ways to integrate greenery into the built environment, projects of all sizes and stages add to essential corridors and stopping points for a range of wildlife.”可知，随着越来越多的城市中心寻求将绿色植物融入建筑环境的新方法，各种规模和处于各种阶段的项目都为一系列野生动物增加了必要的走廊和停留点，由此可知，这些项目的目的是为各种野生动物提供更多的城市空间。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 115 3.What does the underlined word “constraints” in paragraph 3 mean?( ) A A.Limits. B.Factors. C.Methods. D.Damage. 解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句之前的内容可知，为了给野生动物提供更好的环境，一项主要举措是清除池塘和其他水道内外的混凝土，让自然的力量重塑环境。结合常识可知，这里指的是清除人为规划的水道，即此处提到的artificial constraints and flows指人为对水道的限制。constraint与limit意思相近。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 116 4.How do the pavilions help the ecosystem?( ) B A.By offering some shelters. B.By collecting rainwater. C.By monitoring the water flow. D.By reducing high temperatures. 解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“They also contribute to the park’s ecosystem through rainwater harvesting.”可知，亭子通过收集雨水来帮助生态系统。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 117 关键点拨 在语境中理解熟词的生义 此处解题的关键是理解harvest的用法。harvest表示“收获；收割”，在这里引申为“收集；贮藏”，选项中用了collecting来进行同义替换。 刷阅读理解 118 长难句分析 句意：世界自然保护联盟提出的水资源管理变革的五大行动计划之一是利用每个城市的优势，恢复物种数量、生态系统和自然给人类带来的好处。 刷阅读理解 119 词汇加油站 核心词汇 1.crucial adj.至关重要的；关键性的 2.accessible adj.易到达的；易进入的；易得到的 3.sustainability n.可持续性 4.in reaction to… 应对……；对……作出反应 构词法 bio- prefix 生物的；与生物有关的 biodiversity n.生物多样性 刷阅读理解 120 B ［广东执信中学2024高二期中］The success of many North American crops partly depends on ground beetles, small insects that eat pests and weed seeds which could otherwise damage crops. But a new study by researchers in the US and Canada suggests not all of the nearly 2,000 species of ground beetles found in North America will survive climate change. Some could decline. And that could have a far-reaching impact on agriculture, forestry, and conservation. By studying the data on 136 different ground beetle species across continental North America, Puerto Rico and Hawaii, the researchers found that a species’ chance of success in a changing climate depends on several important factors, such as its habitat preference, body size, and whether it flies, climbs or runs. “We found that less mobile, nonflying ground beetles, which are critical pest control agents, are more likely to decline over time in a warmer, drier climate,” said Tong Qiu, who led the study.“That means you’re going to have more pests that can impact agricultural and forest 刷阅读理解 121 ecosystems.” But there is reason for hope, Qiu added, because the analysis also showed that habitat conservation can lessen these effects and reverse the trends in some areas. “We hope conservation biologists will use the information and the online map that we created to better manage habitats for insects in general. Ground beetles are very beneficial to ecosystems, but they’re largely invisible to the average person. In this paper we’re showing the broad impacts they have on whole communities in forest and agricultural ecosystems,” said Qiu. The researchers used ground beetle count data from the National Science Foundation’s National Ecological Observatory Network （NEON） and from 11 previously published studies to measure and map the beetles’ distribution across North America. Habitat information, such as the location of gaps in forest canopies （树冠） and the density of plants on the forest floor, was obtained by using NEON’s imaging instruments to create detailed three-dimensional images of landscapes. The researchers then entered the collected data into a statistical model to simulate （模拟） climate change to study how the ground beetles would respond. 刷阅读理解 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究表明，在北美发现的能够保护农作物的近2,000种步甲科昆虫中，有一些不适应气候变化，数量可能减少。 刷阅读理解 1.What does the new study in North America show?( ) B A.Pests could destroy many North American crops. B.Some ground beetles will not survive climate change. C.The survival of ground beetles only depends on their habitat. D.Some ground beetles will destroy crops in a warmer climate. 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But a new study by researchers in the US and Canada suggests not all of the nearly 2,000 species of ground beetles found in North America will survive climate change.Some could decline.”可知，北美的这项新研究表明，一些步甲科昆虫将无法在气候变化中生存。 刷阅读理解 124 2.What does Tong Qiu intend to convey in paragraphs 3 and 4?( ) D A.There is no way to stop the decline of ground beetles. B.Critical pests are more adaptable in a warmer, drier climate. C.Ground beetles will become less mobile in a warmer climate. D.The importance of ground beetles should be widely recognised. 解析 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，气候变化会影响步甲科昆虫，而这种昆虫的减少会影响农业和森林生态系统。再根据第四段中的“Ground beetles are very beneficial to ecosystems, but they’re largely invisible to the average person.In this paper we’re showing the broad impacts they have on whole communities in forest and agricultural ecosystems”可知，步甲科昆虫对生态系统非常有益，但普通人基本上看不到它们。邱桐（音译）和其他研究人员在论文中展示了它们对森林和农业生态系统中整个群落的广泛影响。由此可推知，他想表达的是，步甲科昆虫的重要性应该得到广泛的认识。 刷阅读理解 125 3.How did the research team carry out the study?( ) A A.By analysing data. B.By assessing conditions. C.By doing field research. D.By studying documents. 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的By studying the data on 136 different ground beetle species以及最后一段中的The researchers used ground beetle count data和“The researchers then entered the collected data into a statistical model to simulate climate change to study how the ground beetles would respond.”可知，研究小组是通过分析数据展开这项研究的。 刷阅读理解 126 4.What is the best title for the passage?( ) B A.North American Agriculture Crops at Risk B.Crop-Saving Beetles Under Climate Threats C.Catastrophic Climate Change on the Way D.Beetles’ Reaction to Simulated Climate Change 解析 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了北美步甲科昆虫能够抑制害虫、保护农作物，而随着气候变化，一些品种的步甲科昆虫数量正在减少，为了保护这些步甲科昆虫，研究人员开展了一系列相关的研究。结合选项可知，B项（拯救农作物的步甲科昆虫面临气候威胁）最适合作为本文的标题。 刷阅读理解 127 长难句分析 句意：研究人员利用美国国家科学基金会的国家生态观测网络（NEON）和先前发表的11项研究中的步甲科昆虫计数数据，测量并绘制了步甲科昆虫在北美的分布图。 刷阅读理解 128 ［安徽A10联盟2025高二月考］Flying over the Brazilian city of São Paulo, people hardly miss the scene of 3.2-kilometre-long and 100-metre-wide green trees between the city’s busiest roads. It is known as Tiquatira Linear Park, and it is the work of a single man who has worked . .1. . for over 20 years. Originally, Hélio da Silva was a successful manager. But after . .2. ., he started planting trees in 2003 and hasn’t . .3. . since. Within the first four years of his project, he planted 5,000 trees. His impressive . .4. . made the government of São Paulo . .5. . his efforts and acknowledge the area as the first linear park in São Paulo. This . .6. . Da Silva to continue planting trees. By 2020, the retired . .7. . had planted more than 25,047 trees in a 3.2-kilometre-long area. For every 12 trees, he planted a fruit-bearing species in the . .8. . of attracting birds and animals. His work . .9. ., as 45 types of birds had been . .10. . in the park. Today, the trees in Tiquatira Linear Park . .11. . over 41,000, and Da Silva doesn’t plan on stopping . .12. . until the count reaches at least 50,000.Once labelled as . .13. . or spending most of 刷完形填空 129 his time planting trees in an area most people avoided, Da Silva is now praised as a local hero.“My motivation comes from the trees themselves because trees give us flowers and fruits, . .14. . rainwater, attract birds and provide us with . .15. . shade and fresh air,” Da Silva said. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了退休后的埃利奥·达席尔瓦二十多年来一直坚持种树，成为人们心中的植树英雄的故事。 刷完形填空 1.( ) A.nervously B.tirelessly C.secretly D.unwillingly B 解析 根据下文中的“But after ___, he started planting trees in 2003 and hasn’t ____ since.”可知，二十多年来，达席尔瓦一直坚持种树，结合选项可知，此处表示这座公园是达席尔瓦不知疲倦地工作了20多年的成果。故选B项。 2.( ) A.recovering B.escaping C.retiring D.waiting C 解析 根据下文中的“By 2020, the retired____ had planted more than 25,047 trees in a 3.2-kilometre-long area.”可知，达席尔瓦退休后开始种树。 3.( ) A.stopped B.survived C.refused D.smiled A 解析 根据上文中的who has worked ____ for over 20 years及语境可知，达席尔瓦从退休之后就开始种树，一直没停过。 刷完形填空 131 4.( ) A.speech B.drawing C.dancing D.achievement D 解析 根据上文内容可知，二十多年来达席尔瓦坚持种树，他的努力得到了圣保罗政府的认可，政府将他种树的那片区域规划为圣保罗的第一个带状公园。由此可知，这是他取得的令人印象深刻的成就。故选D项。 5.( ) A.ignore B.doubt C.recognise D.expect C 解析 根据下文acknowledge the area as the first linear park in SãoPaulo可知，他令人印象深刻的成就使圣保罗政府认可了他的努力。recognise意为“认可”，故选C项。 6.( ) A.inspired B.reminded C.forced D.warned A 解析 根据上文内容可知，达席尔瓦的努力得到了政府的认可，这鼓舞着他继续植树。inspire意为“激励”，故选A项。 刷完形填空 132 7.( ) A.teacher B.manager C.doctor D.farmer B 解析 根据上文中的“Originally, Hélio da Silva was a successful manager.”可知，此处指达席尔瓦退休之前是一名经理。 8.( ) A.order B.absence C.hope D.event C 解析 根据下文中的as 45 types of birds had been ____ in the park可知，此处表示达席尔瓦种植能够结果的树，希望能吸引鸟类和动物。in the hope of意为“希望”，故选C项。in the absence of意为“缺乏”。 9.( ) A.came round B.moved on C.went out D.paid off D 解析 根据上文语境及下文as 45 types of birds had been ____ in the park可知，他希望通过种植能够结果的树来吸引鸟类和动物，公园里已经有45种鸟类，这说明他的工作得到了回报。pay off意为“奏效；取得成功”，故选D项。come round意为“再度发生”；move on意为“继续前行”。 刷完形填空 133 10.( ) A.identified B.caught C.freed D.killed A 解析 根据语境可知，他种树的工作得到了回报，此处表示公园里发现了45种鸟类。identify意为“发现；确认”，故选A项。 11.( ) A.get B.number C.increase D.cost B 解析 根据下文over 41,000和Da Silva doesn’t plan on stopping____ until the count reaches at least 50,000可知，此处表示蒂夸蒂拉带状公园的树目前总计超过41,000棵。number意为“总计，共计”，故选B项。 12.( ) A.thinking B.imagining C.worrying D.planting D 解析 根据下文until the count reaches at least 50,000可知，达席尔瓦不打算停止种树，直到至少种够50,000棵树。 刷完形填空 134 13.( ) A.forgetful B.crazy C.rude D.lazy B 解析 根据下文中的spending most of his time planting trees in an area most people avoided可知，这个地方人迹罕至，人们不理解他为什么坚持在这里种树，因此他曾经被贴上“疯子”的标签。故选B项。 14.( ) A.block B.mix C.absorb D.clean C 解析 根据设空处所在语境并结合常识可知，此处表示树木吸收雨水。absorb意为“吸收”，故选C项。 15.( ) A.colourful B.artificial C.instant D.wonderful D 解析 根据下文的fresh air及语境可知，此处表示树木能给我们提供极好的树荫和新鲜的空气。wonderful意为“极好的，绝妙的”，故选D项。artificial意为“人工的”；instant意为“立即的”。 刷完形填空 135 05 单元限时小卷 建议用时：56分钟 136 ［河南九师联盟2024联考］After losing an important deal in India, a business negotiator learnt that her counterpart （职位相当的人） felt as if she had been rushing through the talks. The business negotiator thought she was being efficient in their time. Their cultures have different views on how to conduct negotiations, and in this case, the barrier prevented a successful outcome. Research shows that deal-making across cultures tends to lead to worse outcomes as compared with negotiations conducted within the same culture. As we know, cultures are characterised by different behaviours, communication styles and norms. Consequently, when negotiating across cultures, we bring different views to the bargaining table, which in turn may result in potential misunderstandings that can lead to lower likelihood of discovering value-creating solutions. Cultural conflict in negotiations is linked with the fact that we, at most times, interpret others’ behaviours, values, and beliefs through the lens （透镜） of our own culture. To overcome this, it is important to research the customs and behaviours of different cultures as 刷阅读理解 137 well as understand why people follow these customs and exhibit these behaviours in the first place. Just as important, not only do countries have unique cultures, but teams and organisations do too. Before partaking in any negotiation, take the time to study the context and the person on the other side of the bargaining table, including the various cultures to which he belongs, whether his culture, the culture of engineering, or his particular company’s corporate culture. The more you know about the client, the better you’ll do in any negotiation. Therefore, we see the negotiator has learnt her Indian counterpart would have appreciated a slower pace with more opportunities for relationship building. She seems to have run into the issue: Using time efficiently in the course of negotiations is generally valued in the United States, but in India, there’s often a greater focus on building relationships early in the process. By doing research on the clients’ cultures, they can adjust their negotiation method and give themselves a better chance of creating a valuable negotiation experience for both themselves and their counterparts. 刷阅读理解 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何通过了解不同的文化来应对文化冲突，从而在跨文化谈判中达成合作。 刷阅读理解 1.What resulted in the businesswoman’s failure in her negotiation in India?( ) D A.Her slow work style. B.Their personal conflicts of interests. C.Her poor communication capacity. D.The differences between their cultures. 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Their cultures have different views on how to conduct negotiations, and in this case, the barrier prevented a successful outcome.”可知，双方的文化差异导致了生意谈判失败。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 140 2.What is the second paragraph mainly about?( ) C A.The analyses about the findings of the research. B.The common misunderstandings in negotiations. C.The deep reasons for failed cross-cultural negotiations. D.The causes of conflicts between negotiators’ views. 解析 主旨大意题。根据第二段内容可知，该段主要分析的是跨文化谈判失败的深层原因，即不同的文化往往有不同的观点，有可能导致潜在的误解。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 141 3.What does the author mainly want to say in paragraph 4?( ) A A.Research is necessary before negotiating. B.People should respect cultural differences. C.Meeting cultural differences is fairly common. D.Cross-cultural conflicts result from ignorance. 解析 推理判断题。根据第四段内容，尤其是第四段中的“The more you know about the client, the better you’ll do in any negotiation.”可知，本段主要介绍了在参加谈判之前，花点时间研究谈话背景和对方所属的各种文化，对客户了解得越多，在谈判中就越有利。由此可知，作者在该段想要表达的是在谈判前进行调查研究很有必要，对对方的文化越了解，越有利于谈判的进行。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 142 4.What is the function of the last paragraph?( ) C A.To come up with a new conclusion. B.To recommend a negotiation method. C.To summarise the above paragraphs. D.To share different opinions on the example. 解析 推理判断题。通读全文可知，第一段给出跨文化谈判失败的案例，第二、三、四段从该案例出发，分析了跨文化谈判失败背后深层次的文化原因，并介绍了解决这种跨文化问题的方法，最后一段回到案例本身，结合上文的原因和方法，给案例中的人提供了具体的建议。由此推知，该段旨在归纳上文。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 143 方法总结 利用文章结构和段落布局推测段落功能 说明文的文章结构通常比较清晰，一般采用“总—分”结构或“总—分—总”结构，行文一般有着完整严密的逻辑，通常是“提出问题—分析问题—解决问题”的经典结构。在此类文本中： （1）开头部分通常起到引入作用，以具体案例、热点话题或引人深思的问题开篇，迅速抓住读者眼球，自然地引出文章主题； （2）中间部分一般介绍问题的原因、特点、影响以及分析问题的过程等内容； （3）结尾部分通常对前文进行总结，给出最终结论。 在解答推测段落功能的题目时，可以利用说明文的这一结构特点，判断目标段落所在的位置，再结合段落内容，即可得出答案。 刷阅读理解 144 ［江苏常州2025高二期末］Have you ever experienced a situation in your life where you are waiting for a good time to do something very significant? 1.___ In reality, however, waiting for the right time can often mean waiting forever. 2.___ It is a popular practice around the world, as many assume a good starting date is the ideal time for change. Yet, within weeks or some months, these promises are off the table. Why? It’s not the date that matters. It’s the mindset that there is a perfect time to begin. Often, the search for the perfect time is about feeling ready. We tell ourselves we’ll start when we’re more motivated, better prepared, or less busy.3.___ There will always be distractions, challenges, and reason to delay. Trying to find the right moment is like looking for a rainbow in a rain—the longer you wait, the farther it seems to get. The truth is there is no right time to initiate anything. As soon as you start something, that is the right time, and every second afterwards is another chance for development. The moment you take action, you’re already ahead of where you were before, building confidence along the way. Start an exercise routine with a ten-minute walk. Begin studying by reading one chapter.4.___ Perfect conditions aren’t necessary; progress is what matters. G B D C 刷7选5 145 When you take action, you send a powerful message to yourself: Your goals are worth it, and so are you. You’ll soon discover that each step opens doors to new opportunities, support, and growth. So if there’s a goal you’ve been putting off, stop waiting. Start today. Start now.5.___ It’s this very moment, right here, right now. And as you move forward, you’ll find things fall into place as they’re meant to be. A.It’s best to wait for the perfect moment. B.New Year’s resolutions are a perfect example. C.Pursue your dreams by doing one small thing today. D.But life rarely provides a perfect set of circumstances. E.The perfect time for it isn’t some distant day in the future. F.You have to have it all figured out to start making progress. G.We often tell ourselves that tomorrow will be better than today. E 刷7选5 【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了关于等待完美时机去做重要事情的普遍心理，并通过分析指出实际上并不存在所谓的完美时机，鼓励人们立即采取行动，通过努力来追求自己的目标和梦想。 刷7选5 1.___ G 解析 根据上文“Have you ever experienced a situation in your life where you are waiting for a good time to do something very significant?”可知，此处询问读者是否曾等待完美时机来做非常重要的事；结合空后的however可知，下文指出了等待完美时机这一行为的不合理之处，设空处应起到过渡作用，引出下文对完美时机的讨论。G项（我们常常告诉自己明天会比今天好）进一步阐述了人们等待完美时机时的心理，符合语境。故选G项。 2.___ B 解析 根据下文内容可知，下文主要介绍了人们有一种思维定式，认为好的时机是作出改变的理想时间，但实际上并不存在所谓的完美时机。B项（新年决心是一个很好的例子）承上启下，符合语境，其中的New Year’s resolutions呼应空后的these promises。故选B项。 刷7选5 148 3.___ D 解析 上文提到人们会找各种理由以等待“完美时机”的心理，他们会告诉自己当更有动力、准备更充分或不那么忙的时候就开始；而后文“There will always be distractions, challenges, and reason to delay.”指出总会有各种使人分心的事情、挑战和拖延的理由来阻止人们开始，上下文形成语义上的转折。D项（但生活很少提供一系列完美的环境）说明生活中总会发生一些意外，承上启下，符合语境。故选D项。 4.___ C 解析 上文“Start an exercise routine with a ten-minute walk.Begin studying by reading one chapter.”列举了从小事做起的具体建议，如散步10分钟、读一章书等；后文“Perfect conditions aren’t necessary; progress is what matters.”指出了取得进步是更重要的。C项（通过今天做一件小事来追求你的梦想）进一步强调通过做小事开始行动，与前文呼应。故选C项。 刷7选5 149 5.___ E 解析 根据下文“It’s this very moment, right here, right now.And as you move forward, you’ll find things fall into place as they’re meant to be.”可知，下文呼吁读者停止等待，强调此时此刻就是合适的时机。E项（实现这一目标的完美时机不是未来某个遥远的日子）表明不要等待完美时机，现在就行动，其中的it指代空前的a goal，空后的It指代选项中的The perfect time。故选E项。 刷7选5 150 ［广东华南师大附中2025高二期中］As a growing family, we gathered lots of stuff, especially toys. After our first boy was born, friends and family . .1. . him with gifts, flooding our once . .2. . rooms with many colourful playthings. . .3. . my son’s seemingly countless possessions robbed me of the mood to enjoy life. My spare time melting away, my . .4. . began to mount up. Then one day, the weight of the mess became too much to bear. I . .5. .! It was time to make a . .6. ..I grabbed trash bags and rushed into my son’s bedroom, . .7. . the scattered （分散的） toys on the floor quickly. Then I took those bags of toys immediately to the basement （地下室）.Of course, there was the initial crying over losing his toys, but gradually he managed to . .8. . it. 刷完形填空 151 Days went by. Then weeks.. .9. ., the absence of disorder seemed to promote a deeper sense of appreciation of the toys that . .10. ..With fewer toys, my son had to rely on his imagination, like . .11. . a paper box into a spaceship and going on a fantasy adventure in it. It’s been months, and those packed toys are still in the basement. With each passing day, the . .12. . of our minimalist lifestyle became more apparent. Freed from the burden of cleaning up the house, we . .13. . a world where less really became more. Minimalism allows me to see more . .14. . in life, and my boy is becoming more . .15. . when playing with a reduced number of toys. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者描述了随着家庭壮大，家中堆积了大量的物品。作者的第一个儿子出生后，家里有许多玩具，这使得作者感到生活空间被占据，于是决定清理玩具，并由此阐述了极简生活方式的好处。 刷完形填空 1.( ) A.helped B.filled C.showered D.equipped C 解析 根据下文中的many colourful playthings可知，此处指家人和朋友送了很多礼物给孩子。shower意为“大量给予”。 刷完形填空 153 知识拓展 shower熟词生义 熟义：n.淋浴 vi.洗淋浴 生义：vt.大量给予 刷完形填空 154 2.( ) A.spacious B.modern C.bright D.quiet A 解析 根据文中的flooding和many colourful playthings和空前的once可知，此处说的是房间之前是宽敞的，现在被玩具堆满了。spacious意为“宽敞的”，故选A项。 3.( ) A.Selling B.Sorting C.Counting D.Delivering B 解析 根据空后的robbed me of the mood to enjoy life及语境可知，儿子的玩具在家中堆积，此处表示整理这些玩具让作者感到疲惫，没有心情去享受生活。sort意为“整理”。 4.( ) A.laziness B.anxiety C.regret D.guilt B 解析 根据上文中的“____ my son’s seemingly countless possessions robbed me of the mood to enjoy life.”可知，因为整理这些玩具耗费了很多时间和精力，作者感到时间被占用，没有心情去享受生活，所以作者感到焦虑，故选B项。 5.( ) A.retired B.escaped C.cheered D.exploded D 解析 根据前文the weight of the mess became too much to bear可知，作者无法忍受整理这些玩具了，终于大发雷霆。explode意为“大发（雷霆）”，故选D项。 刷完形填空 155 6.( ) A.donation B.record C.promise D.change D 解析 根据下文语境可知，作者把儿子的部分玩具放入垃圾袋中拿到了地下室，由此可推知，此处表示作者决定作出改变。故选D项。 7.( ) A.playing with B.putting aside C.picking up D.throwing away C 解析 根据下文中的“Then I took those bags of toys immediately to the basement.”可知，作者快速捡起散落在地上的玩具，将其装进袋子里。故选C项。 8.( ) A.accept B.believe C.share D.remember A 解析 根据上文中的there was the initial crying over losing his toys和下文中的“With fewer toys, my son had to rely on his imagination”可知，一开始失去这些玩具时，作者的儿子会哭闹，但渐渐地接受了这个事实。accept意为“接受”。 刷完形填空 156 9.( ) A.Originally B.Hopefully C.Unexpectedly D.Unfortunately C 解析 根据下文中的the absence of disorder seemed to promote a deeper sense of appreciation of the toys可知，家中不再因为堆满玩具而混乱，这种状况反而促进了儿子对玩具更深层次的欣赏感，这种情况是作者没有意料到的。unexpectedly意为“出乎意料地”，故选C项。originally意为“最初”；unfortunately意为“不幸地”。 10.( ) A.waited B.remained C.increased D.appeared B 解析 根据上文中的the scattered toys on the floor和“Then I took those bags of toys immediately to the basement.”以及下文的With fewer toys可知，一部分玩具被拿到了地下室，所以此处是指作者的儿子对剩下的玩具更珍惜。故选B项。 11.( ) A.placing B.turning C.dividing D.mixing B 解析 根据下文a paper box into a spaceship可知，作者的儿子把一个纸盒变成一艘宇宙飞船。turn… into… 为固定短语，意为“把……变成……”，故选B项。divide… into… 意为“把……分成……”。 刷完形填空 157 12.( ) A.benefits B.symbols C.impressions D.patterns A 解析 根据后文Freed from the burden of cleaning up the house可知，此处指的是这种极简生活方式带来的好处显而易见，即从打扫房子的负担中解脱出来。benefit意为“好处”，故选A项。 13.( ) A.missed B.disconnected C.imagined D.unlocked D 解析 根据上文可知，通过整理儿子的玩具，作者一家开始了极简主义生活，故此处表示开启了一个极简主义的世界，也就是“少即是多”的世界。unlock意为“开启；揭示”，故选D项。disconnect意为“使分离”。 刷完形填空 158 14.( ) A.problems B.predictions C.preparations D.possibilities D 解析 根据上文中的Freed from the burden of cleaning up the house以及a world where less really became more可知，因为生活方式的改变，作者不再苦于打扫卫生，并开启了一个“少即是多”的世界，所以极简主义使作者看到了生活中更多的可能性。 15.( ) A.generous B.courageous C.creative D.supportive C 解析 根据上文“With fewer toys, my son had to rely on his imagination… going on a fantasy adventure in it.”可知，作者的儿子在玩具少的情况下能够发挥想象力，变得更有创造力。故选C项。courageous意为“勇敢的”；supportive意为“支持的”。 刷完形填空 159 写作语料库 独立主格结构 My spare time melting away, my anxiety began to mount up.我的空闲时间逐渐消失，我的焦虑开始加剧。 分词作状语时，可以带有自己的逻辑主语，此时分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语相互独立，这种结构被称为“独立主格结构”。在描述场景、人物心理、动作时，使用独立主格结构可以使语言更加生动，具有“场景感”。 David looked at me, his eyes twinkling with excitement.戴维看着我，他的眼睛闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 Holding the letter in her hand, Jenny lifted her lip, tears beginning to stream down her face.珍妮手里拿着那封信，撅起嘴唇，眼泪开始顺着她的脸颊流淌。 刷完形填空 160 For many locals in Lanzhou, Gansu Province, the day begins with a hot, steaming bowl of beef noodles. Currently, there are over 1,600 shops 1._______ （sell） Lanzhou beef noodles in this ancient city on the banks of the Yellow River. The 2._______ （early） Lanzhou clear-soup beef noodles developed from Chen Weijing’s Lao Tang beef noodles from Henan Province during the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty. Then Ma Liuqi from Gansu learnt 3.______ Chen how to make the beef noodles and brought them to Lanzhou. This 4._____________ （follow） by Chen Hesheng, Ma Baozi and others establishing the standard of Lanzhou beef noodles and carrying it forward. Lanzhou beef noodles can be classified into more than 10 types 5.______ （base） on the thickness of noodles. The noodle types are determined by different age groups they are 6.________ （suit） for. For example, thinner noodles are ideal for older people as they are easier to chew. Young people have a 7.__________ （prefer） for thicker and wider noodles. selling earliest from was followed based suitable preference 刷语法填空 161 For over 200 years, this bowl of beef noodles 8.____________ （become） world-famous for its tender meat, tasty soup and fine noodle texture. Now Gansu Province is considering passing 9.___ law related to Lanzhou beef noodles, 10._______ is believed to provide legal protection for the industry to achieve higher quality in production. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了兰州牛肉面的历史、风味和发展。 has become a which 刷语法填空 1._______ selling 解析 句意为：目前，在这个位于黄河之滨的古城，售卖兰州牛肉面的店铺有1,600多家。本句为there be句型，设空处作后置定语，修饰shops，应用非谓语形式；sell与其逻辑主语shops之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。故填selling。 2._______ earliest 解析 句意为：最早的兰州清汤牛肉面是由清朝嘉庆年间河南陈维精的老汤牛肉面发展而来的。根据空前的定冠词以及句意可知，此处表示“最早的”，应用形容词的最高级。 刷语法填空 163 方法总结 提示词为形容词的解题技巧 刷语法填空 164 3.______ from 解析 句意为：后来，甘肃人马六七从陈维精那里学到了牛肉面的制作方法，并把牛肉面带到了兰州。learn from sb为固定短语，表示“从某人那里学到”。故填from。 4._____________ was followed 解析 句意为：随后，陈和声、马保子等人创立了兰州牛肉面的标准，并将其发扬光大。分析句子结构可知，本句的主语为This，指代上文提到的马六七学会制作牛肉面并将牛肉面带到兰州这件事；follow在此处作及物动词，表示“在……后发生；接着……发生”，设空处作谓语，根据空后的by以及句意可知，此处表示被动；结合语境可知，此处表示过去发生的事，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语This为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填was followed。 5.______ based 解析 句意为：兰州牛肉面根据面条的粗细可以分为10多种。短语be based on… 表示“根据……；以……为基础”，此处作状语，用非谓语形式。故填based。 刷语法填空 165 6.________ suitable 解析 句意为：面条类型（的划分）取决于它们适合的不同年龄段。设空处在定语从句中作表语，应用形容词，表示“适合的”。故填suitable。 7.__________ preference 解析 句意为：年轻人更喜欢更粗更宽的面条。have a preference for… 为固定搭配，意为“偏爱……；更喜欢……”。 8.____________ has become 解析 句意为：200多年来，这碗兰州牛肉面以肉嫩汤鲜、面条口感好而闻名于世。“for+一段时间”作时间状语，谓语动词常用现在完成时，主语为this bowl of beef noodles，为单数概念，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填has become。 刷语法填空 166 9.___ a 解析 句意为：目前，甘肃省正在考虑通过一项与兰州牛肉面有关的法律，相信这将为兰州牛肉面产业提供法律保障，使其实现更高的生产质量。law在文中首次出现，泛指“一项与兰州牛肉面有关的法律”，应用不定冠词修饰，且law的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 10._______ which 解析 句意见上一题解析。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为law，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导该从句。 刷语法填空 167 ［河南许昌2025高二期末］阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When I was a kid, my parents brought me a four-month-old puppy （小狗）.My family named the puppy Dusty. Although I wanted to lay only claim to her affection, in a family of seven kids, no one lays permanent claim to the family pet. Dusty was our dog, not “my” dog. We soon realized that she had patience. My baby sister often transformed Dusty’s warm fur into a nap-time pillow—falling asleep on the carpet. Like a protective mother, Dusty waited—without moving—until my sister woke. Dusty doubled as a school crossing guard too. Monday through Friday she’d walk us kids two blocks to St. Patrick’s Parochial School, looking both ways to check the traffic before allowing us to cross the street. We’d wave goodbye as we entered the door, knowing Dusty would be waiting at the school door to greet us at the close of the school day. Of all the contributions Dusty made to our family, one incident stands out far above all the others. 刷读后续写 168 Late one night, Dusty rushed to my parents’ bedroom. She barked and barked. When she got no response, Dusty raced upstairs to my bedroom and my brothers’ bedroom and barked again and again. When she failed to wake us, she flew back down the steps and returned to my parents’ room. Finally, she got Mom’s attention. “What are you doing, Dusty?” Mom said, still halfway in dreamland. Dusty persisted （坚持）.Finally my mother gave in.“Okay, what is it?” Dusty rushed out of Mom’s room. Thinking the dog needed to be let out to relieve herself, my mother followed Dusty to the front door. 注意：续写词数应为150个左右。 When Mom opened the door, Dusty tore （狂奔） across the street, not stopping to do her business as my mother had assumed. ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ My mother called the fire department immediately. ____________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 刷读后续写 【写作提示】 1.材料导读 材料大意 作者小时候，父母带回一只四个月大的小狗达斯蒂。它十分有耐心，会照顾作者的妹妹，还充当孩子们的“交通指挥”，陪孩子们一起上学。某天晚上，达斯蒂一直吠叫，先在作者父母的卧室叫，又去孩子们的房间叫，最终引起作者母亲注意，母亲跟它来到前门。 主要角色 母亲、作者、小狗达斯蒂 需要解决的问题 达斯蒂深夜狂吠，作者的母亲不知原因，跟随它到前门，想要弄清楚达斯蒂的意图。 刷读后续写 170 2.续写分析 续写第一段（提示句：当妈妈打开门时，达斯蒂飞奔穿过街道，没有停下来去做我的妈妈以为它会做的事情。） 根据本段提示句和第二段的提示可知，第一段应描写作者的母亲跟随达斯蒂跑出去，达斯蒂冲到街对面后的举动；结合第二段的提示句可知，第一段的结尾应该落在达斯蒂的举动引起了母亲对异常情况的察觉，最后应是发现了着火的状况。 续写第二段（提示句：我妈妈立刻给消防队打电话。） 结合本段提示句可知，本段可以描写消防队到来后的行动，如灭火过程以及家人和邻居对达斯蒂的感激，强调达斯蒂的英勇行为。 情节线索 达斯蒂冲到街对面——母亲意识到危险——拨打消防电话——灭火——获救——家人和邻居对达斯蒂表示称赞和感激 情感线索 母亲：对达斯蒂行为的困惑不解——发现危险时的担忧——对达斯蒂充满敬佩 刷读后续写 171 【参考范文】 When Mom opened the door, Dusty tore across the street, not stopping to do her business as my mother had assumed.Her paws pounded the ground, without a moment wasted as she raced, her tail streaming behind her like a triumphant banner.Then Mom discovered what Dusty had already known.The house across the street—where my best friend, Marianne, and her family lived—was on fire! All of Dusty’s middle-of-the-night craziness had a purpose:She’d been trying to call for help. My mother called the fire department immediately.Soon, the firemen in their trucks rushed to the scene, put out the fire, and saved my best friend’s family from harm and their house from total ruin.Then, Marianne’s family praised us for our kindness, but my mother refused to take credit, saying, “It is Dusty that should be praised!” Next morning, Mom told this incident to us.I felt surprised by this brave dog and kissed her wet nose warmly.“Thank you for saving Marianne,” I whispered in Dusty’s black ear.“You’re the bravest dog I’ve ever known.” 刷读后续写 172 $$