进阶练03 名词性从句（一卷搞定，三题型100题）练习 备战2026届上海高考英语一轮总复习培优全攻略（专用）

2025-2026学年一线教师制作新高考英语一轮总复习培优精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新高考英语一轮总复习培优精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 进阶练03 名词性从句（名校名卷，三题型100题） 说明：此专题分三种题型，难度依次递升，大家根据实际情况选择进行专项训练！ 一、语法填空，每小题1分，满分40分 1．Mr Mike didn’t understand it was that made his wife so upset this morning. 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：迈克先生不能理解到底是什么让他的妻子今天早晨如此生气。空格处是宾语从句，从句中缺主语，表“...的事物”，应用连词代词what，要用陈述语序。它的疑问句是what was it that made his wife so upset this morning？这是对特殊疑问句what 强调的强调句型。故空格处填what。 2．The doctor believed he needed was a good laugh. 【答案】what 【详解】考查连词。句意：医生认为他需要的是开怀一笑。believe后接宾语从句，在宾语从句中“_____ he needed”作主语，was为系动词，a good laugh为表语，因此宾语从句为主系表结构，不缺成分不缺意思，故believe后为省略了引导词that的宾语从句。再者，宾语从句中的主语“_____ he needed”中含主语+谓语动词，故推知，此处为主语从句，分析结构可知此从句缺及物动词need 后的宾语，意为“所……”，故填what。 3．The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句的引导词。句意：北极熊分布在北极圈和一些向南远至纽芬兰的大片陆地上。虽然它们在88°以北很少见，但有证据表明，它们的活动范围一直延伸到北极，甚至南至加拿大的詹姆斯湾。本句含有一个同位语从句，解释了名词evidence“证据”的具体内容，从句引导词在从句中不作成分，也实意，应和连词that引导该同位语从句。故填that。 4．This should serve as a warning people should be aware of their surroundings, especially when crossing roads. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：这应该当作一种警告，人们应该意识到周围的环境，特别是穿过马路的时候。此处引导同位语从句，从句句意完整、成分齐全，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。 5．Commitment is it takes to achieve your dreams. 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：承诺是实现梦想的必要条件。此处为连接词引导表语从句，此句动词takes缺少宾语，且指的是事情，所以此处使用连词代词what。故填what。 6．—Was it ________ he said or something that he did ________ made you cry so sadly, Sarah?—No, not really. 【答案】what; that 【详解】考查主语从句和强调句。句意：——是他说了什么还是他做了什么让你哭得这么伤心，萨拉？——不，没有。根据句子结构，第一空填写的是主语从句的引导词，在从句中作said的宾语。指代的是物，故填what。第二空中与句中的it was构成强调句结构，对主语从句“what he said or something that he did”进行强调。强调句结构为：it was+强调的部分+that...，that符合句意。故第一空填what，第二空填that。 7．Actually, girls can be they want to be just like boys, it is a pilot, an astronaut, or a manager . 【答案】 whatever whether 【详解】考查表语从句和让步状语从句。句意：事实上，女孩可以像男孩一样成为任何她们想成为的人，无论是飞行员、宇航员还是经理。根据句子结构可知，第一空应填连接代词whatever引导表语从句，whatever同时在该从句中充当be的表语，意为“不管什么”；第二空应填连词whether，whether...or...可以引导包含选择范围的让步状语从句，意为“不管是……还是……”。在句中从属连词whether只起到引导连接作用，在从句中不充当成分，只表示疑问语气。故填：①whatever；②whether。 8．The fact has worried many scientists the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：这些年来地球变得越来越热这个事情让很多科学家很担忧。分析句子结构，此句为同位语从句。从句the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years对前面名词 the fact的内容进行解释，用连接词that。故填that。 9．A wonderful idea suddenly occurred to me I would turn to the reference. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我突然想到一个绝妙的主意，我要去查阅参考书。分析句子，设空处引导的是同位语从句，对idea的内容进行解释。that在引导同位语从句的时候，不做成分，只起到连接作用。故填that。 10．It is ________ he often breaks the school rules ________ makes his head teacher unsatisfied with him. 【答案】that; that 【详解】考查主语从句和强调句。句意：正是因为他经常违反校规，他的班主任才对他不满意。根据句子结构，第一个空引导的是主语从句。主语从句中不缺少任何成分，无需词义，故用that引导。第二空符合的是强调句的句型：it is+强调的部分+that...，意为“就是...”。根据句意，该强调句是对主语从句“____he often breaks the school rules”进行强调，故用that。故第一空填that，第二空也填写that。 11．I’m not sure is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) ... I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at the top of her lungs. 【答案】who 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定是谁更害怕，我还是雌性大猩猩……我与大猩猩面对面，大猩猩开始大声尖叫。分析句子结构，空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，结合语意，我不确定谁更害怕，所以空处应用who引导从句。故填who。 12．I wonder when Mr Brown (arrive). When he (arrive), I’ll tell him the news at once. 【答案】 will arrive arrives 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：我想知道布朗先生什么时候到。当他到达时，我会立即告诉他这个消息。第一句when从句是宾语从句，结合语境可知，此处表示“将来的动作”应用一般将来时；第二句when从句是时间状语从句，因此应考虑使用“主将从现”。故填will arrive; arrives。 13．A new school will be built in is a bankrupt factory now. 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：一所新学校将在那个破产的工厂厂址建成。分析句子可知，“　　　is a bankrupt factory now”是介词in的宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，应用连接代词what引导该从句，意为“……的地方”。故填what。 14．I count twelve shades of green from I stand. 【答案】where 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：从我站的地方，我数出了十二块阴凉处。分析句子，设空处引导的是宾语从句，引导词在从句中作地点状语，表示“在我站的地方”故用where。故填where。 15．A new school will be built in was a wasteland a few years ago. 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：几年前还是一片荒地的地方将会建一所新学校。分析句子成分， 主句A new school will be built in缺少宾语，从句____was a wasteland a few years ago缺少主语，应用连接代词what来引导这个宾语从句，同时充当从句的主语。故填what。 16．That preserved historic village connected to downtown by a highway is many office workers spend their weekends. 【答案】where 【详解】考查表语从句的引导词。句意：那条由高速公路连接市中心的历史悠久的村庄是许多上班族周末的去处。分析句子可知，is后接表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，表示地点，故填where。 17．All the mistakes I ever made in my life were I wanted to say “No” and said “Yes”. 【答案】when 【详解】考查表语从句的引导词。句意：在我的人生中所犯的所有错误都是当我想要说“不”，却说了“是”。分析句子可知，were后接表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，表示“时间，时候”，故填when。 18． we used to see as something impossible is now becoming a reality. 【答案】What 【详解】考查主语从句的引导词。句意：我们过去认为不可能的事情现在变成了现实。分析句子可知，空格处是主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，译为“…的事情（东西）”，故填What。 19．Save your apology for you really make everything a mess. 【答案】when 【详解】考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：把你的道歉留到当你真的把事情搞得一团糟的时候吧。分析句子可知，介词for后接宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，表示“时候，时间”，故填when。 20．I really don’t know she gets by on such a modest salary. 【答案】how 【详解】考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：我真不知道她靠这么微薄的工资是怎么生活的。分析句子可知，动词know后接宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，表示“如何，怎样”，故填how。 21． my dear teacher couldn’t understand was fewer and fewer middle school students showed interest in her lessons. 【答案】 What why 【详解】考查主语从句和表语从句。句意：我亲爱的老师不明白的事是为什么越来越少的中学生对他的课感兴趣。“________ my dear teacher couldn't understand”作句子主语，是一个主语从句，第一个设空处为主语从句的引导词，在从句中作 understand的宾语，指事物，所以用what引导主语从句，表示“……的事情”，所以填What；“________ fewer and fewer middle school students showed interest in her lessons.”是一个表语从句，第二个设空处为表语从句的引导词，在从句中作原因状语，所以用why引导表语从句，表示“为什么”。故填What；why。 22． is left over may be put into the refrigerator, where it will keep for two or three weeks. 【答案】Whatever 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：任何剩下的食物都可以放进冰箱，在那里可以保存两三个星期。分析句子结构可知，“　　　　　　is left over ”为主语部分，所以空处引导主语从句。主语从句中缺少主语，根据句意可知，无论剩下什么，都可以放入冰箱。所以用whatever“无论什么”，引导主语从句。故填Whatever。 23．It is not always easy for the public to see use a new invention can be of to human life. 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：对于公众来说，要想知道一项新的发明对人们的生活有什么用处并不总是一件容易的事。“what+名词”结构引导宾语从句，what作定语修饰use，“what+名词”在从句中充当介词of的宾语，构成be of use to sb.表示“对某人很有用”。故填what。 24．I still have some doubt the meeting can lay the groundwork for our commercial success. 【答案】whether/how 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我仍然怀疑这次会议能否为我们的商业成功奠定基础。本处可看作是 doubt后接同位语从句，在肯定句中，用whether作引导词，表示“是否”，故答案一是whether；doubt后也可接特殊疑问词做连接副词引导的同位语从句，若把本句看成是特殊疑问词引导的同位语从句，空处是引导词，从句成分完整，但需要表示“如何，怎样”的状语，故用how引导，故答案二是how。 25．Whether you are an applicant for a job or a candidate for a job interview, you must know criteria the company adopts to select talented people. 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：无论你是一份工作的申请者还是工作面试的候选人，你必须知道公司选择人才所采纳的标准。空前know为谓语动词，空后adopts为谓语动词，可知空处填连接词。由空前的动词可判断为宾语从句。宾语从句中缺少宾语，所以what引导宾语从句，且和criteria一起充当adopts的宾语。故填what。 26．He proved that it’s not happens to us that determines our lives—It’s we make of what happens. 【答案】 what what 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：他证明了决定我们生活的不是发生在我们身上的事情，而是我们对发生的事情的看法。分析句子结构可知，“it’s not_________happens to us that determines our lives”是强调句，其中被强调的内容是主语，所以空处引导主语从句“______happens to us”，从句缺少主语，表示“……的事情”，应用what来引导。破折号后面的句子也是强调句，省略了that determines our lives，所以此处强调主语，空处引导主语从句，且从句缺少make的宾语，表示“……的事情”，应用what来引导，故填①what②what。 27．We all expect they will win, for members of their team are stronger. 【答案】that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我们都希望他们会赢，因为他们的队员更强大。空后为宾语从句，且句子成分和句意完整，应用that引导宾语从句，由于后面紧接着是一个原因状语从句，在that引导的宾语从句之前或之后紧接着一个状语的时候，that不能省略，故填that。 28．I enjoyed every happy moment despite the fact the training life was really difficult. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我享受每一个快乐的时刻，尽管事实是训练生活真的很困难。结合句意及空前的despite the fact可知此处应用that，despite the fact that…为固定句型，意为“尽管事实是……”，that引导同位语从句，对抽象名词fact进行解释说明，引导词that在从句中不作成分，不能省略。故填that。 29．You are saying that women should stay at home rather than going out to work, and this is I disagree. 【答案】where 【详解】考查表语从句连词。句意：你一直强调女性应该待在家里而不是外出工作。这是我不同意的地方。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导表语从句，从句谓语动词disagree为不及物动词，填写where表“不同意的地方（观点）”。故填where。 30．The problem is you can stick to your point of view while most people are against it. What really matters is not others think of you but you think of yourself. 【答案】 whether what what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：问题是当大多数人反对你的观点时，你能否坚持你的观点。真正重要的不是别人怎么看你，而是你怎么看自己。第一个空位于be动词后，是表语从句，表示是否能坚持，用whether引导表语从句；第二个空位于be动词后，是表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，用what引导，第三个空but连接两个并列的表语从句，也是缺少宾语，用what引导。故填whether；what；what。 31．He proved that it's not happens to us that determines our lives. 【答案】what 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：他证明了不是发生在我们身上的事情决定了我们的生活。分析句子结构可知，“it’s not_________happens to us that determines our lives”是强调句，其中被强调的内容是主语，所以空处引导主语从句“______happens to us”，从句缺少主语，表示“……的事情”，应用连接代词what来引导。故填what。 32．It is believed AI will replace humans in most jobs in the future. 【答案】that 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：人们认为，人工智能将在未来取代人类的大部分工作。此处的it作为形式主语，代替后面的主语从句。此处填入连词，在从句中不充当任何成分且无任何含义，故填that。 33．Tony always works out development schemes faster than others. Is it he graduated from a top university counts? 【答案】 that that 【详解】考查强调句型和主语从句。句意：托尼总是比别人更快地制定出发展计划。是因为他毕业于顶尖大学吗？此处用了强调句型“it be+被强调部分+that/who…”的一般疑问句形式，强调主语所表示的这一事实，指物，第二空应用that；第一空引导名词性从句作整个句子的主语，主语从句的成分和语义均完整，应用连接词that作引导词。故填①that；②that。 34．The school is no longer it used to be. 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：这所学校不再是过去的样子了。设空处接在be动词后，引导表语从句，根据句意此处为“……的样子”，应填what作为连接词。故填what。 35． these methods are efficient remains to be seen. 【答案】Whether 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：这些方法是否有效还有待观察。分析句子结构，系动词remains做谓语动词，句子these methods are efficient应该作作主语，同时these methods are efficient是完整的，结合语意和to be seen，可知此处表达“是否”之意，可用连接词whether引导主语从句，符合题意。故填Whether。 36．I worry about he can pass through the crisis of his illness. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查连词。句意：我担心他是否能度过疾病的危机。I作主语，worry about作谓语，剩余部分为宾语从句。在宾语从句中，he作主语，pass through作谓语，the crisis of his illness作宾语，因此句子不缺主干成分，但缺意思“是否”。故填whether。 37．It is estimated up to 60% of the local population is being reached through these radio broadcasts. 【答案】that 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：据估计，多达60%的当地人口正通过这些无线电广播得到广播。分析句子，句中it为形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，引导词在从句中不作成分，只起到引导作用。故填that。 38．A simple restaurant was he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee. 【答案】where 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：一个简单的餐厅是他通常吃同样一餐(香肠、鸡蛋和咖啡)的地方。分析句子可知，“ he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee”是表语从句，从句缺少引导词，结合句意，表示“在这个简单的餐厅”，用连接副词where引导该从句，并充当地点状语。故填where。 39．We choose this hotel because the price for a night is down to $ 20, half of it used to charge. 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我们选择这家酒店是因为一晚的价格降到了20美元，是过去的一半。此空所在的部分是一个宾语从句作介词of的宾语，引导词在从句中作宾语，指代“所需的费用”，所以使用连接代词what。故填what。 40．The manager has decided to put he thinks is energetic and clever in the position of the leadership of the company. 【答案】whoever 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：经理已决定把他认为精力充沛、聪明的人任命为公司的领导。______ he thinks is energetic and clever in the position of the leadership of the company.是一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，表示“任何人”，其中he thinks是插入。故填whoever。 二、翻译，每小题1分，满分30分 41．皮影戏的舞台是一块白布幕，上面投射着平面人偶的影子。皮影戏人偶外形与剪纸相似，不同之处在于它们的关节是用线连接起来的，以便可以自由操作。（汉译英） 【答案】The stage for the play is a white cloth on which the shadows of flat puppets are projected. Shadow puppets look similar to paper cuttings except that their joints are connected by thread so that they can be operated freely. 【详解】考查名词、动词、定语从句、宾语从句和状语从句。句子在介绍一般性的事实，时态宜用一般现在时。第一句主语“皮影戏的舞台”可用名词短语the stage for the play，为单数，“是”用be动词is，表语“一块白布幕”可用名词短语a white cloth；“上面投射着平面人偶的影子”是修饰cloth的成分，可处理为限制性定语从句，用“介词+关系代词”on which引导该从句，从句中主语“平面人偶的影子”可用名词短语the shadows of flat puppets，为复数，谓语“被投射着”可用动词project的被动形式are projected。第二句主语“皮影戏人偶”应用名词短语shadow puppets，为复数，“外形与……相似”可理解为“看起来与……相似”，可用固定短语look similar to，“剪纸”应用名词paper cuttings，“不同之处在于”可理解为“除了……之外”，可用except that，从句中主语“它们的关节”应用名词短语their joints，为复数，“是用……连接起来的”可用动词connect的被动形式are connected by，“线”应用名词thread；“以便可以自由操作”是这样做的目的，可处理为so that引导的目的状语从句，从句中隐藏的主语是“皮影戏人偶”，可用代词they指代，“可以”应用情态动词can，“被操作”可用动词operate的被动形式be operated，“自由（地）”可用副词freely。故可译为：The stage for the play is a white cloth on which the shadows of flat puppets are projected. Shadow puppets look similar to paper cuttings except that their joints are connected by thread so that they can be operated freely. 42．如果能找到任何适合你的学习方法，你的学习效率就可能明显提高。(whatever) 【答案】If you can find whatever learning method  suits you, your study / learning efficiency is likely to improve remarkably. 【详解】考查宾语从句、状语从句、名词以及副词。本句为if引导的条件状语从句，你为“you”,能为“can”，发现为“find”后接whatever引导宾语从句。表示“学习方法”短语为learning method；表示“适合”应用动词suit，句在陈述事实，为一般现在时。表示“学习效率”短语为study / learning efficiency；表示“可能”应用短语be likely to；表示“明显”应用副词remarkably；。故翻译为If you can find whatever learning method that suits you, your study / learning efficiency is likely to improve remarkably. 43．我们祖先的迁徙漫长且复杂，好在DNA技术日趋成熟，现代人类起源不再是谜。(descend) (汉译英) 【答案】The migration of our ancestors was long and complicated, but thanks to the increasingly mature DNA technologies, where modern humans descended from is no longer a mystery. 【详解】考查时态和主语从句。根据句意可知，可以把句子写成but连接的两个并列句。前半句写成主系表结构，使用一般过去时陈述过去事实，主语“迁徙”migration，表示特指，前面使用定冠词the，“我们祖先的”使用介词短语of our ancestors充当后置定语；系动词用was；表语“漫长且复杂的”用形容词短语long and complicated，即The migration of our ancestors was long and complicated。后半句在句意上是转折，应使用连词but连接，使用介词短语thanks to+宾语充当原因状语，“DNA技术日趋成熟”应使用名词短语the increasingly mature DNA technologies，放在介词to之后作宾语；“现代人类起源不再是谜”可以写成含有主语从句的主从复合句，“现代人类从哪里起源”可以写成where引导的主语从句，从句应使用一般过去时描述过去的事实，“起源”使用动词短语descend from，动词使用过去式形式，即where modern humans descended from，后句陈述现在事实，时态使用一般现在时，从句作主语，系动词用is；表语“谜”用名词a mystery，表示“不再……”的英语是no longer，即but thanks to the increasingly mature DNA technologies, where modern humans descended from is no longer a mystery。故翻译为The migration of our ancestors was long and complicated, but thanks to the increasingly mature DNA technologies, where modern humans descended from is no longer a mystery. 44．听到这位唱功了得、脾气温和的歌手在新闻发会上宣布他正在考虑在这座历史悠久的古都举行现场演出，热情的歌迷们一片欢腾。（burst）(汉译英) 【答案】Hearing this singer with excellent singing skill and a gentle temperament announce at a press conference that he was considering performing live in this historic ancient capital, enthusiastic fans burst into cheers. 【详解】考查非谓语动词、宾语从句、时态和固定搭配。“听到……”在句中作状语，应用非谓语动词，本句的主干是“热情的歌迷们一片欢腾”。“听到”可表示为hear，hear sb. do sth.意为“听到某人做某事”，省略to的不定式作宾补；“唱功了得、脾气温和”在句中作定语修饰“这位歌手”（this singer），应用with短语作后置定语，其中“唱功了得”可表示为excellent singing skill，excellent为形容词作定语，“脾气温和”可表示为a gentle temperament，gentle为形容词作定语；“新闻发布会”可表示为press conference，“在新闻发会上”可表示为at a press conference，名词短语作介词at的宾语；“宣布”可表示为announce，其后是一个句子，可用that引导宾语从句；宾语从句中，“考虑”可表示为consider，这里表示过去正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，且consider doing sth.为固定用法，意为“考虑做某事”，动名词作宾语，“在这座历史悠久的古都”可表示为in this historic ancient capital，“举行演出”可表示为perform，“现场”应用副词live表示，修饰perform；“热情的”可表示为enthusiastic；“歌迷”可表示为fan，这里应用复数作主语；“一片欢腾”可表示为burst into cheers，为固定搭配，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。hear和逻辑主语fans之间是主谓关系，所以应用现在分词作状语。故本句可翻译为：Hearing this singer with excellent singing skill and a gentle temperament announce at a press conference that he was considering performing live in this historic ancient capital, enthusiastic fans burst into cheers. 45．看来小王并不满足于已取得的进步。(It) 【答案】It looks as if/seems/appears that Xiao Wang is not content(ed)/satisfied/happy/pleased with the progress (that/which) he has made. 【详解】考查固定句型、定语从句和形容词短语。根据句意，表示“看起来……”应为It looks as if/seems/appears that句型结构，从句中的主语为Xiao Wang，表示“不满足”应为be not content(ed)/satisfied/happy/pleased with sth.，该句描述的是客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，be动词应为is，表示“进步”应为progress作宾语，表示“已取得的”应为定语从句修饰progress，且表示动作已经发生，使用现在完成时，定语从句的谓语动词应为has made，先行词指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作宾语，所以使用关系代词that或which引导定语从句，且可以省略，翻译为the progress (that/which) he has made。故翻译为It looks as if/seems/appears that Xiao Wang is not content(ed)/satisfied/happy/pleased with the progress (that/which) he has made. 46．他们认为太空探索离我们的日常生活太遥远并且浪费金钱。(汉译英) 【答案】They think space exploration is too far away from our daily life and is a waste of money. 【详解】考查动词时态、短语和宾语从句。主语是they，谓语是“认为”think，此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，动词后that引导宾语从句，从句不缺成分，可以省略that，宾语从句中主语是“太空探索”表示为space exploration，谓语是is，表语是“离...太遥远”可以表示为too far away from，“我们的日常生活”表示为our daily life作宾语。“并且”是连词and，并列谓语“是”is，“浪费钱”可以用短语“a waste of money表示，故翻译为They think space exploration is too far away from our daily life and is a waste of money。 47．争论他的走红是否是昙花一现毫无意义，因为他总是不遗余力地将经得起时间考验的作品呈现给观众。(point) (汉译英) 【答案】There is no point in arguing whether his popularity is a flash in the pan, because he always spares no effort to present works that can stand the test of time to the audience. 【详解】考查短语、固定句型、状语从句、定语从句和非谓语动词。本句为包含原因状语从句的复合句，使用连词because引导从句。“做……毫无意义”用固定句型There is no point in doing sth.，句首单词首字母大写；表示“争论”应用动词argue，在句子中做介词in的宾语，使用动名词arguing；“是否”可使用whether引导宾语从句；“他的走红是否是昙花一现”可翻译为whether his popularity is a flash in the pan；“不遗余力地做某事”可使用短语spare no effort to do sth.；“经得起时间考验”用短语stand the test of time；“将经得起时间考验的作品呈现给观众”可翻译为present works that stand the test of time to the audience，其中that引导定语从句修饰名词works，在句子中作主语。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。故翻译为There is no point in arguing whether his popularity is a flash in the pan, because he always spares no effort to present works that can stand the test of time to the audience. 48．不要人云亦云，要深入了解这些社会现象，知其然，知其所以然。（instead）(汉译英) 【答案】Instead of just following what others say, you should gain a deep understanding of these social phenomena, knowing what it is and why it is. 【详解】考查短语、宾语从句和固定表达。“不要人云亦云”，根据题干要求需用instead，instead of (而不是)，follow (听从)，后接连接代词what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作say的宾语，“不要人云亦云”译为“instead of just following what others say”；“深入了解”可译为“gain a deep understanding of”，“这些社会现象”可用名词短语，译为“these social phenomena”；非谓语动词know和逻辑主语you是主动关系，know用现在分词形式作状语，后接连接代词what和连接副词why引导的宾语从句，what和why在从句中作表语，“知其然，知其所以然”译为“knowing what it is and why it is”。本句描述的是建议，因此适用一般现在时。故译为：Instead of just following what others say, you should gain a deep understanding of these social phenomena, knowing what it is and why it is. 49．一条关于不少市民看到飞碟的消息已在网上传得沸沸扬扬。（go）（汉译英） 【答案】A piece of news about the sighting of flying saucers UFO（s）by many citizens has gone viral on the Internet. or The news of many citizens seeing/ witnessing flying saucers UFO(s) has gone viral on the Internet. or  The news that many citizens have seen/ witnessed flying saucers UFO(s) has gone viral on the Internet. 【详解】考查动词和名词。分析句子可知，这里时态应用现在完成时强调对现在的影响。表示“一条关于不少市民看到飞碟的消息”可用A piece of news about the sighting of flying saucers UFO(s) by many citizens ，其中about the sighting of flying saucers UFO(s) by many citizens 为后置定语，修饰前面news ；表示“一条关于不少市民看到飞碟的消息”也可翻译为the news of many citizens seeing/ witnessing flying saucers UFO(s)，其中seeing/ witnessing为动名词作介词后宾语；表示“一条关于不少市民看到飞碟的消息”也可翻译为the news that many citizens have seen/ witnessed flying saucers UFO(s)，其中that后引导同位语从句，解释说明the news；表示“已在网上传得沸沸扬扬”应用has gone viral on the Internet，其中go viral 表“传播开来”，为固定搭配。故翻译为A piece of news about the sighting of flying saucers UFO(s) by many citizens has gone viral on the Internet.或者The news of many citizens seeing/ witnessing flying saucers UFO(s) has gone viral on the Internet.或者The news that many citizens have seen/ witnessed flying saucers UFO(s) has gone viral on the Internet. 50．只有当我们言行一致时，我们才能在我们希望完成的事情上有所作为。（only倒装句）(汉译英) 【答案】Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish. 【详解】考查名词，动词和倒装句。“只有”用only表示，“当我们言行一致时”用when引导的时间状语从句表示，“我们”用人称代词we作主语，“言行一致”用短语match our words with actions表示，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主句“我们才能在我们希望完成的事情上有所作为”表示为we can make a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish，make a difference表示“有所作为”，in“在……方面”，whatever引导宾语从句，hope to accomplish表示“希望完成”，当only+状语从句位于句首时，主句要部分倒装，即把助动词，be动词或情态动词放在主语之前，故主句表示为can we make a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish。故译为Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish. 51．最终，学生和老师意识到他们建立了一种特殊的纽带，将伴随一生，充满尊重、指导和感激。（汉译英） 【答案】Eventually, the students and teachers realized that they had established a special bond that would accompany them throughout their lives, filled with respect, guidance, and gratitude. 【详解】考查宾语从句，定语从句和非谓语。“最终”用副词eventually，“学生和老师”作主语，译为“the students and teachers”，“意识到”用动词realize，描述已发生的事，用一般过去时，“他们建立了一种特殊的纽带，将伴随一生，充满尊重、指导和感激”可用that引导的宾语从句，“他们”作主语，译为“they”，“建立了”用动词establish，根据句意，描述过去的过去发生的事，用过去完成时，“一种特殊的纽带”作宾语，译为“a special bond”，“将伴随一生”可用定语从句，修饰bond，在从句中作主语，用that引导，译为“that would accompany them throughout their lives”，“充满尊重、指导和感激”用动词短语fill with，和逻辑主语lives之间是被动关系，用过去分词形式，译为“filled with respect, guidance, and gratitude”。故译为：Eventually, the students and teachers realized that they had established a special bond that would accompany them throughout their lives, filled with respect, guidance, and gratitude. 52．如果不是因为这次活动，他们就不会意识到他们应该通过合作和培养团队精神来实现自己的目标。（宾语从句+虚拟语气）(汉译英) 【答案】If it had not been for this event, they wouldn’t have realized that they should cooperate and cultivate team spirit to achieve their goals. 【详解】考查虚拟语气和宾语从句。根据句意可知，句子用虚拟语气，表示与过去相反的事实，if从句中用过去完成时，主句用“情态动词+have done”，“如果不是因为这次活动”翻译为if it had not been for this event，“他们就不会意识到”是they wouldn’t have realized that，that引导的是宾语从句，“他们应该”是they should，“通过合作和培养团队精神”是cooperate and cultivate team spirit，cooperate和cultivate都位于情态动词should后，因此用原形，“来实现自己的目标”用不定式表目的，译为to achieve their goals，因此整句话翻译为“If it had not been for this event, they wouldn’t have realized that they should cooperate and cultivate team spirit to achieve their goals”。故答案为If it had not been for this event, they wouldn’t have realized that they should cooperate and cultivate team spirit to achieve their goals. 53．怀着感激之情，他们意识到亲子关系的真正宝藏在于联系的时刻，创造了一种超越语言的终身纽带。（非谓语，现在分词+定语从句）(汉译英) 【答案】With gratitude in their hearts, they realized that the true treasure of a parent-child relationship lies in the moments of connection, creating a lifelong bond that goes beyond words. 【详解】考查非谓语动词，宾语从句，时态和定语从句。“怀着感激之情”用With gratitude in their hearts，这是“with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”的结构，在句中作状语，表示伴随状态。“他们意识到”翻译为they realized，作主句的主谓部分，句子陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。“亲子关系的真正宝藏在于联系的时刻”是realized之后的宾语从句，用that引导该从句，在从句中不充当成分，无意义，且从句陈述客观事实用一般现在时，即that the true treasure of a parent-child relationship lies in the moments of connection”，其中the true treasure of a parent-child relationship是从句主语，lies in是从句谓语，the moments of connection是从句宾语。“创造了一种超越语言的终身纽带”用现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果， “创造”用create的现在分词形式creating，“一种终身纽带”a lifelong bond是creating的宾语，可以使用that引导的定语从句表达“超越语言的”，即that goes beyond words，修饰先行词bond，其中that在定语从句中作主语。故翻译为：With gratitude in their hearts, they realized that the true treasure of a parent - child relationship lies in the moments of connection, creating a lifelong bond that goes beyond words. 54．无论遇到什么困难，他都保持开朗乐观，相信黑暗中总有一线光明。(汉译英) 【答案】No matter what difficulties he encounters, he remains cheerful and optimistic, believing that every cloud has a silver lining. 【详解】考查让步状语从句、宾语从句、动词、形容词和非谓语动词。句子应该是介绍通常的情况，时态宜用一般现在时；“无论遇到什么困难”可用no matter what“无论什么”引导让步状语从句，句首单词首字母大写，从句隐含的主语“他”用代词he，谓语“遇到”可用动词encounter，encounter需用第三人称单数形式，宾语“困难”可用名词difficulties，difficulties需置于what之后；主句的主语“他”用代词he，“保持”可用系动词remain，remain需用第三人称单数形式，表语“开朗乐观”可用形容词cheerful和optimistic，两者之间用并列连词and连接；“相信”可用动词believe，用非谓语的形式作句子的状语，believe和he逻辑上是主动关系，因此用其现在分词形式；“黑暗中总有一线光明”是believe的具体内容，可用that引导名词性从句作其宾语，这句谚语应表述为every cloud has a silver lining。故可译为：No matter what difficulties he encounters, he remains cheerful and optimistic, believing that every cloud has a silver lining. 55．对幸福时光的回忆缠绕着她，不断提醒着她那些已经失去且永远无法找回的东西。（汉译英） 【答案】The memories of happier times haunted her, a constant reminder of what was lost and could never be regained. 【详解】考查宾语从句、名词、动词和形容词。句子应该是描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时；主语“对幸福时光的回忆”可用名词短语the memories of happier times，谓语“缠绕着”可用动词haunt，宾语“她”用代词her；“不断提醒着”可用名词短语a constant reminder of，作主语的同位语；“那些已经失去且永远无法找回的东西”是提醒的内容，可用意为“……的东西”的连接代词what引导名词性从句，作of的宾语，what在从句中作主语，第一个谓语“失去”可用动词被动式was lost，第二个谓语“可以找回”可用含情态动词的动词被动语态could be regained，“永远无法”可用副词never，never需置于could之后，两个谓语之间用并列连词and连接。故可译为：The memories of happier times haunted her, a constant reminder of what was lost and could never be regained. 56．想到我们可能要再这样的黑暗中迷失，我不禁全身打起了冷颤。(汉译英) 【答案】The thought that we might have got lost in such darkness sent shivers down my spine. 【详解】同位语从句，情态动词，一般过去时，动词短语，名词。“想到……”使用名词“thought”，想到的内容即“我们可能要再这样的黑暗中迷失”通过使用同位语从句的形式表达，that引导同位语动词的陈述句形式，只起连接作用，此处表达对过去的虚拟猜测，使用情态动词+have done的形式，“在黑暗中迷失”为“get lost in such darkness”，则“想到我们可能要再这样的黑暗中迷失”为“The thought that we might have got lost in such darkness”，“不禁全身打起冷颤”可使用短语“sent shivers down one’s spine”，主句为“The thought sent shivers down my spine.”，从句为“that we might have got lost in such darkness”。故答案为：The thought that we might have got lost in such darkness sent shivers down my spine. 57．这位运动员让我印象深刻的是，他拒绝让别人的低期望束缚自己并最终成为世界冠军。（define）（汉译英） 【答案】What impressed me about this athlete is that he refused to let others’ low expectations define him and ultimately became a world champion. 【详解】考查主语从句、表语从句、动词、副词和名词。表示“这位运动员让我印象深刻的”可理解为“就这位运动员让我印象深刻的”可译为连接代词what引导的主语从句作主语，what在从句中作主语，表示“让我印象深刻”为impress me，根据句意，该句描述的为过去发生的事情，所以此处使用一般过去时，所以谓语动词为impressed，表示“就这位运动员”为about this athlete，所以主语从句译为“what impressed me about this athlete”；表示“是”为be动词，作主句的谓语，结合句意，此处描述的是客观事实，所以此处使用一般现在时，主语为主语从句，所以be动词为is；表示“他拒绝让别人的低期望束缚自己并最终成为世界冠军”为表语从句作表语，表示“他”为he作从句主语，表示“拒绝”为refuse，结合句意，该句描述的为过去发生的事情，所以此处使用一般过去时，所以谓语动词为refused，根据refuse to do sth.意为“拒绝做某事”可知，表示“拒绝让别人的低期望”为refused to let others’ low expectations，其中的others’ low expectations作let的宾语，表示“束缚自己”define him，根据let sb. do sth.可知，此处应为省to的不定式作宾补，所以“拒绝让别人的低期望束缚自己”为refused to let others’ low expectations define him，表示“并”为并列连词and，表示“最终”为ultimately作状语修饰动词“成为”，表示“成为世界冠军”为become a world champion，与谓语动词refused为并列关系，所以此处使用一般过去时，谓语动词为became，所以表语从句可译为he refused to let others’ low expectations define him and ultimately became a world champion，表语从句中不缺句子成分，且句意完整，所以使用连接词that引导表语从句，位于句首单词首字母需大写。故翻译为What impressed me about this athlete is that he refused to let others’ low expectations define him and ultimately became a world champion. 58．你必须牢记：英语学习犹如逆水行舟，不进则退。(mind) (汉译英) 【答案】You must keep in mind that learning English is like sailing against the current; if you don’t advance, you will retreat. 【详解】考查动词和名词。分析句子可知，这里时态应用一般现在时表示客观情况。表示“你”应用you，作主语；表示“必须”应用must；表示“牢记”应用keep in mind that ，that引导宾语从句；表示“英语学习”应用learning English，为动名词作主语；表示“犹如逆水行舟”应用like sailing against the current，为介词短语作表语；表示“不进则退”应用if you don’t advance, you will retreat，为条件状语从句。故翻译为You must keep in mind that learning English is like sailing against the current; if you don’t advance, you will retreat. 59．所以我总是去找她，想知道她在做什么。(go to sb,现在分词作状语) (汉译英) 【答案】So I always go to her, wondering what she is doing. 【详解】考查代词、动词短语、现在分词作状语和宾语从句。根据语境，句子描述经常发生的动作，应用一般现在时。表示“所以”应用连词So，句首单词首字母大写；表示“我”应用代词I，作主语；表示“总是”应用副词always；表示“去找她”应用动词短语go to her；表示“想知道”应用动词wonder，作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语I之间是主动关系，应用现在分词wonder作伴随状语；表示“她在做什么”可翻译为what she is doing，作wonder的宾语。故翻译为So I always go to her, wondering what she is doing. 60．她对这个慈善项目投注了很多时间，却被告知由于人手不足，该项目不得不取消。(only to) (汉译英) 【答案】She has devoted much time to the charity project, only to be informed/told that it has to be cancelled due to the labour shortage/the shortage/lack of hands. 【详解】考查时态、动词短语、非谓语动词和宾语从句。主语“她”用人称代词she，谓语“对……投注很多时间”可用动词短语devote much time to...，表示从过去持续到现在且可能还会持续下去的动词，用现在完成时态has devoted much time to，宾语“这个慈善项目”用名词词组the charity project；“却被告知”表示出乎意料的结果，用不定式短语only to be informed/told表示；“由于人手不足，该项目不得不取消”作宾语从句，用连词that引导该从句，从句中原因状语“由于人手不足”处理为介词短语due to the labour shortage/the shortage/lack of hands，句子主干“该项目不得不取消”译为it has to be cancelled。综上，全句译为：She has devoted much time to the charity project, only to be informed/told that it has to be cancelled due to the labour shortage/the shortage/lack of hands. 61．不少企业表示，面对未来科技的挑战，具备过硬专业技能和解决实际工程问题能力的大学毕业生，是“香饽饽”。(demand) (汉译英) 【答案】Many enterprises state that college graduates with excellent professional skills and the ability to solve practical engineering problems are in great demand facing the challenges of future technology. 【详解】考查名词、形容词、动词、宾语从句和非谓语动词。主语“不少企业”用many enterprises；“表示”作谓语，用动词state，描述现在的客观情况用一般现在时态；“面对未来科技的挑战，具备过硬专业技能和解决实际工程问题能力的大学毕业生，是‘香饽饽’”是宾语从句，用连词that引导，从句主语“大学毕业生”用名词college graduates，“具备过硬专业技能和解决实际工程问题能力的”修饰主语，用介词短语with excellent professional skills and the ability to solve practical engineering problems作后置定语，谓语“是”用系动词be，描述现在的客观情况用一般现在时态are，表语“‘香饽饽’”理解为“供不应求”，用介词短语in great demand作表语，“面对未来科技的挑战”作伴随状语，用现在分词短语facing the challenges of future technology表示，与其逻辑主语college graduates之间是主动关系。综上，全句译为：Many enterprises state that college graduates with excellent professional skills and the ability to solve practical engineering problems are in great demand facing the challenges of future technology. 62．父母应当以身作则，他们若出尔反尔，那么为培养一个有责任心的孩子而做出的种种努力很有可能将前功尽弃。(chances) (汉译英) 【答案】Parents should practice what they say/lead by example/set a good example for their children because if they go back on their word/promises/if their words contradict with one another/if their words don’t correspond with one another, chances are that all their efforts to cultivate a responsible child will fail to pay off/will be in vain. 【详解】考查短语和宾语从句。此处主语为复数名词parents；表示“以身作则”翻译为practice what they say，what引导宾语从句，陈述事实用一般现在时；或lead by example/set a good example for their children，且should后跟动词原形；引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”用because；表示“如果”引导条件状语从句，用if，主语为they；表示“他们若出尔反尔”翻译为if they go back on their word/promises或if their words contradict with one another或if their words don’t correspond with one another，陈述事实用一般现在时；表示“很有可能”句型为chances are that…；表示“为培养一个有责任心的孩子而做出的种种努力”翻译为all their efforts to cultivate a responsible child；表示“前功尽弃”翻译为fail to pay off或be in vain，为将来的动作用一般将来时。故翻译为Parents should practice what they say/lead by example/set a good example for their children because if they go back on their word/promises/if their words contradict with one another/if their words don’t correspond with one another, chances are that all their efforts to cultivate a responsible child will fail to pay off/will be in vain. 63．尽管困难重重，我们依然怀着能活着出去的希望，绝不放弃。（汉译英） 【答案】Despite the overwhelming odds, we clung to the hope that we would make it out alive and refused to give up. 【详解】考查介词和同位语从句。陈述过去的动作，为一般过去时。“尽管”为介词“despite”；“困难重重”为“the overwhelming odds”，作despite的宾语。“怀着……希望”为动宾短语“cling to the hope ”；hope后接同位语从句，从句句意和结构完整，用连接词that引导。“我们能活着出去”为“we would make it out alive”；“绝不放弃”为“refuse to give up”。故翻译为：Despite the overwhelming odds, we clung to the hope that we would make it out alive and refused to give up. 64．这位年迈的物理学家背井离乡数十载，如今重返故里，惊觉当年手植的小树已亭亭如盖。 (strike) (汉译英) 【答案】After decades of living far from home, the aged physicist returned to his hometown, only to be struck by the sight that the small tree he had planted with his own hands had grown into a towering one with a thick, shady canopy. 【详解】考查动词、名词、形容词和从句。根据中文提示可知，表示“背井离乡数十载(后)”应用After decades of living far from home，为介词短语作状语，其中 living far from home(离乡)为动名词作宾语；表示“这位年迈的物理学家”应用the aged physicist ，为名词短语作主语；表示“重返故里”应用returned to his hometown，时态用一般过去时表示过去情况；表示“惊觉(景象)”应用only to be struck by the sight，其中be struck by表“惊觉”， only to do sth.，为不定式短语表示出乎意料的结果；表示“当年手植的小树已亭亭如盖”应用that the small tree he had planted with his own hands had grown into a towering one with a thick, shady canopy，为同位语从句解释说明the sight，其中he had planted with his own hands(当年手植的)为定语从句修饰前面名词the small tree，a towering one with a thick, shady canopy(一棵有着浓密阴凉树冠的大树)，为名词短语作宾语，这里时态都用过去完成时，表“过去的过去”概念。故翻译为After decades of living far from home, the aged physicist returned to his hometown, only to be struck by the sight that the small tree he had planted with his own hands had grown into a towering one with a thick, shady canopy. 65．与会人员一致认为，面对全球气候变化和能源危机的挑战，随着技术的不断发展和市场的持续扩大，在新能源车方面投资的潜力不可限量。(invest) (汉译英) 【答案】In the meeting, all staff agreed that in face of the challenges of the global climate change and energy crisis, with the constant development of technology and the constant expansion of the market, the potential of investing in new energy vehicles is incalculable. 【详解】考查名词、动词短语、固定搭配、介词短语和时态。“与会人员”可拆分 为“在会议上，全体员工……”，地点状语“在会议上”用介词短语in the meeting表示，“全体员工”作主语，用all staff；谓语“一致认为”用动词agree，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态agreed；“面对全球气候变化和能源危机的挑战，随着技术的不断发展和市场的持续扩大，在新能源车方面投资的潜力不可限量”作宾语从句，用连词that引导，从句中“面对全球气候变化和能源危机的挑战” 作状语，用介词短语in face of the challenges of the global climate change and energy crisis表示，“随着技术的不断发展和市场的持续扩大”作伴随状语，用介词短语with the constant development of technology and the constant expansion of the market表示；从句主语“在新能源车方面投资的潜力”可译为the potential of investing in new energy vehicles，“不可限量”处理为系表结构be incalculable，描述客观事实用一般现在时态is incalculable。综上，全句译为：In the meeting, all staff agreed that in face of the challenges of the global climate change and energy crisis, with the constant development of technology and the constant expansion of the market, the potential of investing in new energy vehicles. 66．专家们在会议上提出建议，对许多国内企业而言，全球化扩张战略不仅意味着产品出口，更需要提供优质服务，从而实现更高效的跨行业整合。 (recommendation) (汉译英) 【答案】The experts put forward the recommendation at the meeting that for many domestic enterprises, the globalization expansion strategy not only means product export but also requires the provision of high-quality services, so as to achieve more efficient cross-industry integration. 【详解】考查名词、动词短语、同位语从句和固定搭配。“专家们在会议上提出建议”是主句，主语“专家们”用the experts，谓语“提出”用动词短语put forward，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态，宾语“建议”用名词recommendation，地点状语“在会议上”用介词短语at the meeting；“对许多国内企业而言，全球化扩张战略不仅意味着产品出口，更需要提供优质服务，从而实现更高效的跨行业整合”是对名词recommendation内容的说明，可处理为that引导同位语从句，在从句中，“对许多国内企业而言”用介词短语for many domestic enterprises，主语“全球化扩张战略”译为the globalization expansion strategy，谓语“意味着”用动词mean，宾语“产品出口”用product export，并列谓语“需要”用动词require，宾语“提供优质服务”译为the provision of high quality services，两个谓语部分用复合连词not only…but also…连接，且描述客观事实，谓语动词都用一般现在时态，“从而实现更高效的跨行业整合”作目的状语，译为so as to achieve more efficient cross industry integration。综上，全句译为：The experts put forward the recommendation at the meeting that for many domestic enterprises, the globalization expansion strategy not only means product export but also requires the provision of high-quality services, so as to achieve more efficient cross industry integration. 67．在唐朝（公元618年一公元907年）和宋朝（公元960年－公元1279年）时期，皮影戏在中国许多地方非常流行。皮影戏人偶最初是用纸制成的，后来用驴或牛皮革制成。这就是为什么他们的中文名字是皮影的原因。（汉译英） 【答案】Shadow puppetry, or shadow play, was very popular in many arts of China during the Tang (618 AD-907 AD) and Song (960 AD-1279 AD) Dynasties. Shadow puppets were first made of paper, later of the leather of donkeys or oxen. That's why their Chinese name is piying. 【详解】考查时态、语态/、从句和短语。“在唐朝（公元618年一公元907年）和宋朝（公元960年－公元1279年）时期”译为during the Tang (618 AD-907 AD) and Song (960 AD-1279 AD) Dynasties，作时间状语，句子用一般过去时，“皮影戏在中国许多地方非常流行。”译为Shadow puppetry, or shadow play, was very popular in many arts of China；“皮影戏人偶最初是用纸制成的，后来用驴或牛皮革制成。”的主语“皮影戏人偶”译为Shadow puppets，“由……制成”译为be made of，结合主谓一致，故译为Shadow puppets were first made of paper, later of the leather of donkeys or oxen. “这就是为什么他们的中文名字是皮影的原因。”讲述现在的事实用一般现在时，用why引导表语从句，故译为That's why their Chinese name is piying，故翻译为Shadow puppetry, or shadow play, was very popular in many arts of China during the Tang (618 AD-907 AD) and Song (960 AD-1279 AD) Dynasties. Shadow puppets were first made of paper, later of the leather of donkeys or oxen. That's why their Chinese name is piying. 68．红茶是一种发酵茶；起源于绿茶，经过混合、揉捏、发酵、干燥和其他处理。用绿茶叶制成的茶是鲜绿色的，而用红茶制成的茶是橙红色的。更重要的是，红茶没有经过绿色蒸煮或绿色炒制的过程，而是经过发酵，在此期间，茶叶经历了化学反应。绿茶保留了茶叶的薄而清爽的味道，而发酵后的红茶则有更强更厚的味道。(汉译英) 【答案】Black tea is a type of fermented tea; originating from green tea after it is mixed, kneaded, fermented, dried, and otherwise processed. Tea made from green tea leaves is a fresh green while that made using black tea is orange-red. What is more important is that black tea does not undergo the processes of green steaming or green frying, but is fermented, during which time the tea leaves go through chemical reactions. While green tea retains the thin and refreshing flavor of the leaves, the fermented black tea gives a stronger and thicker flavor. 【详解】考查短语、时态语态、非谓语、主语从句、表语从句、定语从句、状语从句和形容词。“红茶”表示为black tea ，描述事实用一般现在时，主语是不可数名词，谓语用is“是”，“一种”表示为a type of，“发酵茶”表示为 fermented tea，“起源于”是originate from，和红茶是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，“绿茶”表示为green tea ；after 引导状语从句，“经过混合、揉捏、发酵、干燥和其他处理”表示为it is mixed, kneaded, fermented, dried, and otherwise processed，和主语it是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语是is，“由...制成”是非谓语，和主语tea是被动关系，用过去分词，made from green tea leaves is a fresh green ，while表示对比，“然而” that made using black tea is orange-red. “更重要的是”表示为what引导的主语从句，What is more important， is后是that引导的表语从句， “红茶没有经过绿色蒸煮或绿色炒制的过程”表示为that black tea does not undergo the processes of green steaming or green frying, “而是经过发酵”表示为but is fermented, 介词“在此期间”，during，后用which引导定语从句，表示为during which time the tea leaves go through chemical reactions. While 引导状语从句，表示“尽管”，“绿茶保留了茶叶的薄而清爽的味道，而发酵后的红茶则有更强更厚的味道。”表示green tea retains the thin and refreshing flavor of the leaves, the fermented black tea gives a stronger and thicker flavor.形容词“更强更厚的”stronger and thicker，修饰名词，作定语，故答案为：Black tea is a type of fermented tea; originating from green tea after it is mixed, kneaded, fermented, dried, and otherwise processed. Tea made from green tea leaves is a fresh green while that made using black tea is orange-red. What is more important is that black tea does not undergo the processes of green steaming or green frying, but is fermented, during which time the tea leaves go through chemical reactions. While green tea retains the thin and refreshing flavor of the leaves, the fermented black tea gives a stronger and thicker flavor. 69．绿水青山就是金山银山的发展观，根植于“天人合一”的中华民族智慧，阐述了经济发展和环境保护两者间的关系。 (root) (汉译英) 【答案】The development concept that green mountains and clear waters are as valuable as mountains of gold and silver is rooted in the Chinese wisdom of “harmony between humans and nature”, elucidating the relationship between economic development and environmental protection. 【详解】考查同位语从句、动词、名词、现在分词和固定短语。根据句意，该句描述的是客观事实，所以此处使用一般现在时，表示“发展观”为The development concept作主语，位于句首，句首单词首字母需大写，表示“绿水青山就是金山银山”应为同位语从句解释“发展观”的内容，可译为green mountains and clear waters are as valuable as mountains of gold and silver，从句中不缺成分，且句意完整，所以此处使用that引导同位语从句，表示“植根于”为be rooted in作谓语，用于一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，所以be动词为is，表示“中华民族智慧”为the Chinese wisdom作宾语，表示““天人合一”的”为of短语作定语修饰名词the Chinese wisdom，可译为of “harmony between humans and nature”，所以“绿水青山就是金山银山的发展观，根植于“天人合一”的中华民族智慧”可译为The development concept that green mountains and clear waters are as valuable as mountains of gold and silver is rooted in the Chinese wisdom of “harmony between humans and nature”；表示“阐述了经济发展和环境保护两者间的关系”为分词短语作状语，表示“阐述”为elucidate，与主语之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式，表示“关系”为relationship作宾语，表示“经济发展和环境保护两者间的”为介词短语between economic development and environmental protection作定语修饰名词relationship，所以“阐述了经济发展和环境保护两者间的关系”可译为elucidating the relationship between economic development and environmental protection。故翻译为The development concept that green mountains and clear waters are as valuable as mountains of gold and silver is rooted in the Chinese wisdom of “harmony between humans and nature”, elucidating the relationship between economic development and environmental protection. 70．这些大学生志愿者活跃在各行各业，如环境保护、健康卫生、公益教育，让我们看到了青春该有的模样。(range) (汉译英) 【答案】These college volunteers are active in all / different /various / diverse fields, ranging/ which range from environmental protection, health care to public welfare education, which shows us what being young is supposed to mean. 【详解】考查定语从句和短语。句子陈述事实用一般现在时；表示“这些大学生志愿者”为these college volunteers，作主要；表示“活跃在各行各业”可用be active in all / different /various / diverse fields；表示“从……到……变化”短语为range from…to…，与fields构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语；也可用非限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，故用which；表示“环境保护”为environmental protection；表示“健康卫生”短语为health care；表示“公益教育”为public welfare education；后跟非限制性定语从句，从句修饰上文句子，从句缺少主语，用which引导；表示“让某人看到”可用show sb. sth.；此处用what引导宾语从句，在从句作宾语；表示“青春”可用动名词短语being young，作主语；表示“该有的模样”可翻译为be supposed to mean。故翻译为These college volunteers are active in all / different /various / diverse fields, ranging/ which range from environmental protection, health care to public welfare education, which shows us what being young is supposed to mean. 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 “Only when I take the needle out and touch the silk thread, I feel 1 (full)comfortable,” says Zou Yingzi, an inheritor of Su embroidery(刺绣), an ancient craft that originates from the garden city of Suzhou in Jiangsu province. The day before the interview, 2 53-year-old woman worked more than 10 hours, until late into the night, on a large piece of Su embroidery. A piece measuring around half a meter can take her months 3 (complete). From Zou’s mother to her grandmothers, all the women in her family are good at needlework, particularly Su embroidery, which features rich stitches(缝针)and the creative use 4 silk threads dyed in various colors. Su embroidery has a history of more than 2,000 years. A piece of fabric with silk embroidery 5 (find) from a tomb in the area showed that the craft dates back to the Spring and Autumn Period(770-476 BC). In ancient times, needlework was a must-learn skill for women, 6 had to make clothes for their families. It was a tradition that mothers should make wedding clothes with exquisite(精美的)embroidery for their 7 (daughter). Zou 8 (recall)that, when she was little, her grandmother was busy every day, making wedding clothes and quilts for granddaughters. At the age of 6, she started to help her mother to make Su embroidery items, all of which 9 (sell)to support the family. She had a dream to become a 10 (paint). Now, the needle helps her to realize that dream. 【答案】 1．fully 2．the 3．to complete 4．of 5．found 6．who 7．daughters 8．recalls 9．were sold 10．painter 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国文化遗产的传统工艺美术品——苏绣。 1．考查副词。句意：她说：“只有当我把针拿出来，碰到丝线的时候，我才会感到非常舒服。”此处为副词fully作状语修饰形容词comfortable。故填fully。 2．考查冠词。句意：采访前一天，53岁的老人连续工作了10多个小时，直到深夜，才完成了一幅大型苏绣作品。此处表示特指“这位53岁的老妇人”，所以为定冠词the。故填the。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：一件长度约半米的作品她需要花几个月的时间才能完成。sth. takes sb. some time to do表示“做某事花费某人一些时间”，所以为不定式形式。故填to take。 4．考查介词。句意：从邹的母亲到她的祖母，邹家所有的妇女都擅长针线活，尤其是苏绣，其特点是针法丰富，并创造性地使用染成各种颜色的丝线。此处为the use of表示“……的运用”。故填of。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：从该地区一座古墓中发现的一块带有丝绸刺绣的织物表明，该工艺可以追溯到春秋时期（公元前 770-476 年）。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰fabric，fabric和find为被动关系，所以为过去分词。故填found。 6．考查定语从句。句意：在古代，女红是女子必学的技能，要为家人缝制衣服。空处引非限制性定语从句，先行词women在从句中作主语。故填who。 7．考查名词。句意：按照传统，母亲应该为女儿制作带有精美刺绣的婚纱。由空前的their可知，此处为复数名词。故填daughters。 8．考查动词时态。句意：邹女士回忆说，小时候，奶奶每天都很忙碌，给孙女们做嫁衣、做被子。此处描述现在的事情用一般现在时，主语是单数，谓语也用单数。故填recalls。 9．考查动词时态语态。句意：16岁起，她就开始帮助母亲制作苏绣品，靠卖苏绣品来维持一家人的生计。此处为一般过去时，items和sell是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，谓语也用复数。故填were sold。 10．考查名词。句意：她有一个梦想，成为一名画家。由空前a为冠词可知，此处为单数名词painter“画家”作宾语。故填painter。 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, 1 is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common 2 (theme) in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about 3 (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways 4 Romeo and Juliet.” A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, 5 (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, 6 (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international 7 (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed 8 (find)the connection between the two great writers. 9 (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language 10 see how Tang’s play was being performed.” 【答案】 1．who 2．themes 3．were 4．to 5．inspired 6．was built 7．visibility 8．to find 9．Recalling 10．and 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国明代戏曲家汤显祖与英国戏剧家莎士比亚之间的联系和共同点，并展示了这种联系如何被纪念和展示在莎士比亚的故乡斯特拉特福德，且说明了这种联系对于提高斯特拉特福德国际知名度的重要性。 1．考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖，中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Tang Xianzu”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，表示人，用关系代词who引导。故填who。 2．考查名词的数。句意：莎士比亚故居信托基金会的研究主管Paul Edmondson说，尽管他们从未见过面，但他们的作品中都有共同的主题。本句为“there be”句型，为倒装句，根据谓语动词“are”可判断，本句主语为名词的复数形式。故填themes。 3．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”这里为本句谓语动词，根据句意以及定语从句时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“some of the things”，复数。故填were。 4．考查固定短语。句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”固定短语：be similar to，意为“和……相似”，符合句意。故填to。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“a six-meter-tall pavilion”和动词“inspire”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填inspired。 6．考查时态和语态。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Two years later”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”，单数，和动词“build”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was built。 7．考查名词。句意：Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。形容词international后接名词形式，visibility“知名度”为不可数名词作宾语。故填visibility。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。非谓语动词担当形容词“amazed”后的原因状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to find。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版，并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时，Edmondson说：“听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，非常激动人心。”非谓语动词担当状语，主语“Edmondson”和动词“recall”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式担当状语；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Recalling。 10．考查连词。句意：回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版，并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时，Edmondson说：“听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，非常激动人心。”空前“hear the Chinese language”和空后“see how Tang’s play was being performed”为并列结构，用and连接。故填and。 【点睛】 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Honking cars, blasting stereos and babbling neighbors are 1 (whole) affecting people’s daily life: consider it all part of the symphony that plays daily on New York City streets. Everyone knows the city is loud, and a losing war against noise 2 (wage) for a long time. Now they have a new weapon 3 (invite) to many citizens: noise cameras. The cameras 4 (pair) with a sound meter to detect noise of at least 85 decibels (分贝) from a source 50 ft or more away have recently been fixed on certain streets in Manhattan’s wealthy Upper West Side. It’s part of a program run by the city’s department of environmental protection. However, Erica Walker, who studies the joint 5 community noise and health, believes most noise  comes from poor city planning rather than individual bad actions, and that noise cameras are merely Band -Aids for a more systemic issue. Actually, 6 (far) research still needs to be done on the economic effects of noise cameras. The public is supposed to zero in on the dangers and economic costs of noise pollution 7 can blight some proceeds and urge that appropriate actions 8 (carry) out. On the other hand, 9 lecturer at Columbia University expressed concern about the surveillance (监视) capabilities of noise cameras. “It is being tried for the possibility 10 (leak) privacy still. Does this present a  privacy risk for residents of the city? ” she held the question. 【答案】 1．wholly 2．has been waged 3．inviting 4．paired 5．between 6．further 7．that/which 8．should be carried/be carried 9．a 10．to leak 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了纽约正在使用噪音摄像头作为一种新工具，来对抗街道上的过度噪音水平。不过，这些摄像头是否能有效降低噪音污染和是否具有风险是个问题。 1．考查副词。句意：汽车的喇叭声、音响的轰鸣声和邻居的喋喋不休正完全影响着人们的日常生活：把它们都看作是纽约市街道上每天播放的交响乐的一部分。修饰动词affecting需用副词wholly，作状语。故填wholly。 2．考查动词时态语态。句意：每个人都知道这座城市很吵，一场反对噪音的失败之战已经进行了很长一段时间。根据时间状语“for a long time”可知，使用现在完成时，a losing war和wage为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数名词，助动词用has。故填has been waged。 3．考查形容词。句意：现在他们有了一个吸引许多市民的新武器：噪音摄像头。修饰名词weapon，需用形容词inviting，作后置定语。故填inviting。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：最近，在曼哈顿富裕的上西区的某些街道上安装了与声计相匹配的摄像头，以探测50英尺或更远的地方发出的至少85分贝的噪音。have recently been fixed为谓语动词，故设空处为非谓语动词，在句子中作后置定语，句子主语The cameras与动词pair之间为逻辑上的被动关系，使用过去分词，故填paired。 5．考查介词。句意：然而，研究社区噪音与健康之间关系的艾丽卡·沃克认为，大多数噪音来自糟糕的城市规划，而不是个人的不良行为，噪音摄像头只是一个更系统性问题的权宜之计。between…and…为固定搭配，意为“在……之间”。故填between。 6．考查形容词比较级。句意：实际上，噪音摄影机的经济效果还需要进一步研究。这里表示比较，强调更深入地研究，表示程度，所以应用far的比较级further。故填further。 7．考查定语从句。句意：公众应该把注意力集中在噪音污染的危险和经济成本上，因为噪音污染会影响一些收益，并敦促采取适当的行动。空处引导定语从句，先行词noise pollution，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。 8．考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意同上。urge作为催促时，引导的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气，谓语动词使用（should）do，actions和carry为被动关系，需用被动语态。故填（should）be carried。 9．考查冠词。句意：另一方面，哥伦比亚大学的一位讲师对噪音摄像头的监控能力表示担忧。lecturer为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且lecturer发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：噪音摄像头仍有泄露隐私的可能，这一点正在被试验。修饰名词possibility，需用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to leak。 2 备战新高考，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 备战新高考，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新高考英语一轮总复习培优精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新高考英语一轮总复习培优精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 进阶练03 名词性从句（名校名卷，三题型100题） 说明：此专题分三种题型，难度依次递升，大家根据实际情况选择进行专项训练！ 一、语法填空，每小题1分，满分40分 1．Mr Mike didn’t understand it was that made his wife so upset this morning. 2．The doctor believed he needed was a good laugh. 3．The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. 4．This should serve as a warning people should be aware of their surroundings, especially when crossing roads. 5．Commitment is it takes to achieve your dreams. 6．—Was it ________ he said or something that he did ________ made you cry so sadly, Sarah?—No, not really. 7．Actually, girls can be they want to be just like boys, it is a pilot, an astronaut, or a manager . 8．The fact has worried many scientists the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years. 9．A wonderful idea suddenly occurred to me I would turn to the reference. 10．It is ________ he often breaks the school rules ________ makes his head teacher unsatisfied with him. 11．I’m not sure is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) ... I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at the top of her lungs. 12．I wonder when Mr Brown (arrive). When he (arrive), I’ll tell him the news at once. 13．A new school will be built in is a bankrupt factory now. 14．I count twelve shades of green from I stand. 15．A new school will be built in was a wasteland a few years ago. 16．That preserved historic village connected to downtown by a highway is many office workers spend their weekends. 17．All the mistakes I ever made in my life were I wanted to say “No” and said “Yes”. 18． we used to see as something impossible is now becoming a reality. 19．Save your apology for you really make everything a mess. 20．I really don’t know she gets by on such a modest salary. 21． my dear teacher couldn’t understand was fewer and fewer middle school students showed interest in her lessons. 22． is left over may be put into the refrigerator, where it will keep for two or three weeks. 23．It is not always easy for the public to see use a new invention can be of to human life. 24．I still have some doubt the meeting can lay the groundwork for our commercial success. 25．Whether you are an applicant for a job or a candidate for a job interview, you must know criteria the company adopts to select talented people. 26．He proved that it’s not happens to us that determines our lives—It’s we make of what happens. 27．We all expect they will win, for members of their team are stronger. 28．I enjoyed every happy moment despite the fact the training life was really difficult. 29．You are saying that women should stay at home rather than going out to work, and this is I disagree. 30．The problem is you can stick to your point of view while most people are against it. What really matters is not others think of you but you think of yourself. 31．He proved that it's not happens to us that determines our lives. 32．It is believed AI will replace humans in most jobs in the future. 33．Tony always works out development schemes faster than others. Is it he graduated from a top university counts? 34．The school is no longer it used to be. 35． these methods are efficient remains to be seen. 36．I worry about he can pass through the crisis of his illness. 37．It is estimated up to 60% of the local population is being reached through these radio broadcasts. 38．A simple restaurant was he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee. 39．We choose this hotel because the price for a night is down to $ 20, half of it used to charge. 40．The manager has decided to put he thinks is energetic and clever in the position of the leadership of the company. 二、翻译，每小题1分，满分30分 41．皮影戏的舞台是一块白布幕，上面投射着平面人偶的影子。皮影戏人偶外形与剪纸相似，不同之处在于它们的关节是用线连接起来的，以便可以自由操作。（汉译英） 42．如果能找到任何适合你的学习方法，你的学习效率就可能明显提高。(whatever) 43．我们祖先的迁徙漫长且复杂，好在DNA技术日趋成熟，现代人类起源不再是谜。(descend) (汉译英) 44．听到这位唱功了得、脾气温和的歌手在新闻发会上宣布他正在考虑在这座历史悠久的古都举行现场演出，热情的歌迷们一片欢腾。（burst）(汉译英) 45．看来小王并不满足于已取得的进步。(It) 46．他们认为太空探索离我们的日常生活太遥远并且浪费金钱。(汉译英) 47．争论他的走红是否是昙花一现毫无意义，因为他总是不遗余力地将经得起时间考验的作品呈现给观众。(point) (汉译英) 48．不要人云亦云，要深入了解这些社会现象，知其然，知其所以然。（instead）(汉译英) 49．一条关于不少市民看到飞碟的消息已在网上传得沸沸扬扬。（go）（汉译英） 50．只有当我们言行一致时，我们才能在我们希望完成的事情上有所作为。（only倒装句）(汉译英) 51．最终，学生和老师意识到他们建立了一种特殊的纽带，将伴随一生，充满尊重、指导和感激。（汉译英） 52．如果不是因为这次活动，他们就不会意识到他们应该通过合作和培养团队精神来实现自己的目标。（宾语从句+虚拟语气）(汉译英) 53．怀着感激之情，他们意识到亲子关系的真正宝藏在于联系的时刻，创造了一种超越语言的终身纽带。（非谓语，现在分词+定语从句）(汉译英) 54．无论遇到什么困难，他都保持开朗乐观，相信黑暗中总有一线光明。(汉译英) 55．对幸福时光的回忆缠绕着她，不断提醒着她那些已经失去且永远无法找回的东西。（汉译英） 56．想到我们可能要再这样的黑暗中迷失，我不禁全身打起了冷颤。(汉译英) 57．这位运动员让我印象深刻的是，他拒绝让别人的低期望束缚自己并最终成为世界冠军。（define）（汉译英） 58．你必须牢记：英语学习犹如逆水行舟，不进则退。(mind) (汉译英) 59．所以我总是去找她，想知道她在做什么。(go to sb,现在分词作状语) (汉译英) 60．她对这个慈善项目投注了很多时间，却被告知由于人手不足，该项目不得不取消。(only to) (汉译英) 61．不少企业表示，面对未来科技的挑战，具备过硬专业技能和解决实际工程问题能力的大学毕业生，是“香饽饽”。(demand) (汉译英) 62．父母应当以身作则，他们若出尔反尔，那么为培养一个有责任心的孩子而做出的种种努力很有可能将前功尽弃。(chances) (汉译英) 63．尽管困难重重，我们依然怀着能活着出去的希望，绝不放弃。（汉译英） 64．这位年迈的物理学家背井离乡数十载，如今重返故里，惊觉当年手植的小树已亭亭如盖。 (strike) (汉译英) 65．与会人员一致认为，面对全球气候变化和能源危机的挑战，随着技术的不断发展和市场的持续扩大，在新能源车方面投资的潜力不可限量。(invest) (汉译英) 66．专家们在会议上提出建议，对许多国内企业而言，全球化扩张战略不仅意味着产品出口，更需要提供优质服务，从而实现更高效的跨行业整合。 (recommendation) (汉译英) 67．在唐朝（公元618年一公元907年）和宋朝（公元960年－公元1279年）时期，皮影戏在中国许多地方非常流行。皮影戏人偶最初是用纸制成的，后来用驴或牛皮革制成。这就是为什么他们的中文名字是皮影的原因。（汉译英） 68．红茶是一种发酵茶；起源于绿茶，经过混合、揉捏、发酵、干燥和其他处理。用绿茶叶制成的茶是鲜绿色的，而用红茶制成的茶是橙红色的。更重要的是，红茶没有经过绿色蒸煮或绿色炒制的过程，而是经过发酵，在此期间，茶叶经历了化学反应。绿茶保留了茶叶的薄而清爽的味道，而发酵后的红茶则有更强更厚的味道。(汉译英) 69．绿水青山就是金山银山的发展观，根植于“天人合一”的中华民族智慧，阐述了经济发展和环境保护两者间的关系。 (root) (汉译英) 70．这些大学生志愿者活跃在各行各业，如环境保护、健康卫生、公益教育，让我们看到了青春该有的模样。(range) (汉译英) 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 “Only when I take the needle out and touch the silk thread, I feel 1 (full)comfortable,” says Zou Yingzi, an inheritor of Su embroidery(刺绣), an ancient craft that originates from the garden city of Suzhou in Jiangsu province. The day before the interview, 2 53-year-old woman worked more than 10 hours, until late into the night, on a large piece of Su embroidery. A piece measuring around half a meter can take her months 3 (complete). From Zou’s mother to her grandmothers, all the women in her family are good at needlework, particularly Su embroidery, which features rich stitches(缝针)and the creative use 4 silk threads dyed in various colors. Su embroidery has a history of more than 2,000 years. A piece of fabric with silk embroidery 5 (find) from a tomb in the area showed that the craft dates back to the Spring and Autumn Period(770-476 BC). In ancient times, needlework was a must-learn skill for women, 6 had to make clothes for their families. It was a tradition that mothers should make wedding clothes with exquisite(精美的)embroidery for their 7 (daughter). Zou 8 (recall)that, when she was little, her grandmother was busy every day, making wedding clothes and quilts for granddaughters. At the age of 6, she started to help her mother to make Su embroidery items, all of which 9 (sell)to support the family. She had a dream to become a 10 (paint). Now, the needle helps her to realize that dream. 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, 1 is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common 2 (theme) in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about 3 (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways 4 Romeo and Juliet.” A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, 5 (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, 6 (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international 7 (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed 8 (find)the connection between the two great writers. 9 (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language 10 see how Tang’s play was being performed.” 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Honking cars, blasting stereos and babbling neighbors are 1 (whole) affecting people’s daily life: consider it all part of the symphony that plays daily on New York City streets. Everyone knows the city is loud, and a losing war against noise 2 (wage) for a long time. Now they have a new weapon 3 (invite) to many citizens: noise cameras. The cameras 4 (pair) with a sound meter to detect noise of at least 85 decibels (分贝) from a source 50 ft or more away have recently been fixed on certain streets in Manhattan’s wealthy Upper West Side. It’s part of a program run by the city’s department of environmental protection. However, Erica Walker, who studies the joint 5 community noise and health, believes most noise  comes from poor city planning rather than individual bad actions, and that noise cameras are merely Band -Aids for a more systemic issue. Actually, 6 (far) research still needs to be done on the economic effects of noise cameras. The public is supposed to zero in on the dangers and economic costs of noise pollution 7 can blight some proceeds and urge that appropriate actions 8 (carry) out. On the other hand, 9 lecturer at Columbia University expressed concern about the surveillance (监视) capabilities of noise cameras. “It is being tried for the possibility 10 (leak) privacy still. Does this present a  privacy risk for residents of the city? ” she held the question. 2 备战新高考，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 备战新高考，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$