精品解析：湖北省黄冈市蕲春县李时珍中学2024-2025学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题

高三英语 考生注意： 1．本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2．答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。 3．考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 4．本卷命题范围：高考范围。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What will the woman do this weekend? A．Build a shelter. B．Have a yard sale. C．Buy some pets. 2．What time is it now? A．8:30. B．9:00. C．10:00. 3．What is the woman going to do? A．Prepare for her paper. B．Borrow some books. C．Attend a history class. 4．How did the woman get her party dress? A．She made it. B．She bought it. C．She borrowed it. 5．How does the woman feel? A．Annoyed. B．Frightened. C．Relieved. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What is the relationship between the speakers? A．Strangers. B．Colleagues. C．New classmates. 7．Where are the speakers? A．In a café. B．In a supermarket. C．At school. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．What is wrong with the woman’s pictures? A．They are out of focus. B．Their colors are terrible. C．The composition is bad. 9．What is the woman advised to do? A．Buy a new camera. B．Avoid using any software. C．Take a photo course. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．Where do business travelers tend to eat their meals? A．In their rooms. B．At restaurants. C．At the business center. 11．What is free of charge? A．Meeting rooms. B．Wake-up service. C．Bus transportation. 12．Where is the hotel? A．In the city center. B．Near the City Airport. C．In the west of London. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A book club. B．Some famous novels. C．A coming exam. 14．What is the woman reading now? A．The Beautiful Mind. B．The Great Gatsby. C．The Kite Runner. 15．How much time is left for the man to read the book? A．One week. B．Two weeks. C．One month. 16．How can the club members choose a book for all? A．By voting. B．By deciding on a topic. C．By asking the chairman. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．What is Rachel Carson? A．A writer. B．A farmer. C．A publisher. 18．What does the title Silent Spring suggest? A．The beauty of spring. B．The death of birds. C．The peace of nature. 19．What did the agricultural and chemical industries think of Silent Spring? A．Amazing. B．Practical. C．Unscientific. 20．What is Silent Spring mainly about? A．Agricultural technology. B．Industrial development. C．Environmental protection. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Are you looking for translated novels to gain new perspectives from other lands and cultures? Here are four of the all-time classics. The Metamorphosis by Franz Kalka (German) Imagine waking up one morning as a huge cockroach (蟑螂). Such is the life of Gregor Samsa, the formerly-human-now-insect hero in The Metamorphosis. Realizing that only he has changed while all else remains the same, Gregor must examine his relationship to his family and the humanity. The short novel is a soul-searching examination of family, money and obligation (责任) in early 20th century industrialized Germany. My Name Is Red by Orhan Pamuk (Turkish) Translated by Erdag Goknar, this novel paints a vivid picture of the Ottoman Empire under Sultan Murad Ⅲ’s rule. The story starts off with one of the Sultan’s favorite artists being cruelly murdered. From there, each character tells their own story, sometimes breaking the fourth wall and speaking directly to the reader. It’s unlike any murder story you’ve ever read. The Alchemist by Paulo Coelho (Portuguese) One of the best translated novels is The Alchemist, which tells the true story of a young man named Santiago. The cultural influences are inspiring, as there is much detailed information from the young man’s journey from Spain to Morocco, and eventually to Egypt. The vivid description makes it one of the best travel journals ever produced. News of a Kidnapping (绑架) by Gabriel Garcia Márquez (Spanish) Gabriel Garcia Márquez started out as a journalist, and in News of a Kidnapping, he investigates a series of kidnappings in Colombia. These are real-life kidnappings, and Márquez accounts the emotions of the victims and their families. The personalities of the kidnappers are also described, and the way in which they transformed from regular people into beasts is particularly fascinating. 1. Gregor Samsa is the main character in ______. A. The Metamorphosis B. The Alchemist C. My Name Is Red D. News of a Kidnapping 2. Who is a translator? A. Orhan Pamuk. B. Erdag Goknar. C. Paulo Coelho. D. Gabriel Garcia Márquez. 3. What do the last two books have in common? A. They are news reports. B. They are short novels. C. They are real-life stories. D. They are travel journals. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本经典译著。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Such is the life of Gregor Samsa, the formerly-human-now-insect hero in The Metamorphosis. (这就是格雷戈尔·萨姆沙的生活，他是《变形记》中曾经是人类现在变成昆虫的主人公。)”可知，Gregor Samsa是The Metamorphosis中的主人公。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Translated by Erdag Goknar, this novel paints a vivid picture of the Ottoman Empire under Sultan Murad Ⅲ’s rule. (这部小说由埃尔达格·戈克纳翻译，生动地描绘了苏丹穆拉德三世统治下的奥斯曼帝国。)”可知，这本书的译者是Erdag Goknar，Erdag Goknar是一名翻译。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“One of the best translated novels is The Alchemist, which tells the true story of a young man named Santiago. (《牧羊少年奇幻之旅》是最好的翻译小说之一，它讲述了一个名叫圣地亚哥的年轻人的真实故事。)”以及最后一段“These are real-life kidnappings, and Márquez accounts the emotions of the victims and their families. (这些都是现实生活中的绑架事件，马尔克斯描述了受害者及其家人的情感。)”可知，最后两本书的共同之处是它们都是基于真实事件的。故选C。 B Whatever sport she played in her four years at Maryvale Prep, recent graduate Maggie Stalter likes to set goals. Diagnosed (诊断) with hearing loss when she was 10 months old, the 18-year-old has always understood that she has to work harder than others to reach them. Stalter played sports at Maryvale. Running turned out to be her athletic calling. She first took part in outdoor track in her junior year and further joined the cross country team last fall as a senior. She also played other kinds of sports at school despite her hearing problem. To compensate for her hearing loss, Stalter has had cochlear implants (人工耳蜗植入) since early childhood. The devices provide her with a sense of sound. Stalter says that lip reading, which adds to what she hears through the implants, and connecting with teachers and classmates to track back on material that she didn’t get for the first time make her feel stressed. But she admits that she is lucky enough. Sports have been a rewarding release (释放), with running topping the list. Her favorite part about running is finding out what she’s capable of and having the chance to celebrate it with teammates. That opportunity came after the Lions cross country team won the championship last fall. For Stalter, who didn’t decide she would run cross country until two weeks before the first practice, it was a season-long reward as she worked her way up. Throughout the season, coach Jason Miller, who communicated with Stalter through a microphone-like device, used hand signals and made sure she stood up front during team talks. Fellow recent graduate Rachel Thomas, the Lions captain and top runner, called Stalter her unofficial co-captain for the positive influence she had on the team. “I never saw anybody work harder than Maggie,” Thomas said. “Our teammates would always say when they saw Maggie cheering them on, they knew they all had to run harder.” 4. What can we know about Stalter? A. She prefers to do sports alone. B. She dislikes setting sports goals. C. She tried various sports at school. D. She lost hearing during running. 5. Why does Stalter feel lucky? A. Lip reading never appears stressful for her. B. She communicates well with her classmates. C. Her running performances rank high on the list. D. Sports help to reduce her pressure from hearing loss. 6. What did Jason Miller do for Stalter? A. He taught her to give talks. B. He gave her special care as a coach. C. He cured her of hearing loss. D. He trained her in a very casual way. 7. Which of the following words can best describe Stalter in Thomas’s opinion? A. Modest. B. Adventurous. C. Organized. D. Inspiring. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了听力受损的毕业生Maggie Stalter在运动中努力拼搏并影响队友的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“She first took part in outdoor track in her junior year and further joined the cross country team last fall as a senior. She also played other kinds of sports at school despite her hearing problem.(高二年级时，她首次参加了室外田径运动，去年秋天高三时又加入了越野队。尽管有听力问题，她在学校还参加过其他种类的运动。)”可知，Stalter在学校尝试了多种运动。故选C。 5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“But she admits that she is lucky enough. Sports have been a rewarding release (释放), with running topping the list.(但她承认自己很幸运。运动是一种有益的释放方式，其中跑步排在首位)”可知，Stalter感到幸运是因为运动帮助她减轻了听力损失带来的压力。故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Throughout the season, coach Jason Miller, who communicated with Stalter through a microphone-like device, used hand signals and made sure she stood up front during team talks.(整个赛季，教练Jason Miller通过麦克风一样的设备与Stalter交流，使用手势信号，并确保她在团队谈话时站在前面)”可知，Jason Miller作为教练给了Stalter特别的照顾。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中““I never saw anybody work harder than Maggie,” Thomas said. “Our teammates would always say when they saw Maggie cheering them on, they knew they all had to run harder.”(“我从没见过有人比Maggie更努力，”托马斯说。“我们的队友总是说，当他们看到Maggie为他们加油时，他们知道自己都必须跑得更快。”)”可知，在Thomas看来，Stalter是鼓舞人心的。故选D。 C Sometimes astronauts get into a sticky situation up in space. When something needs repairing, it often turns out that duct tape is a preferred fix-it all. Since tearing the tape with one hand while floating is no easy task, high school students just came up with a brilliant solution. They invented a duct tape dispenser (强力胶带分割器) that is out of this world! Students belonging to HUNCH (High School Students United With NASA) have just made life a lot easier for astronauts. In the 18 years since the program operated, students have been busy designing and building equipment that is then used on the International Space Station (ISS). And now, students from five states combined their efforts to come up with a solution to the duct tape dilemma. Duct tape, called “grey tape”, along with Kapton high temperature tape, is a necessary tool for astronauts. Over the years, these tapes have come in handy in times of emergency. As early as 1970, it was used on the Apollo 13 mission. Using duct tape, astronauts took a flight manual cover, a plastic bag, and a sock to repair a power-providing solar equipment that was torn. And in 1972, the crew on Apollo 17 sealed a map onto a damaged fender of the lunar rover (月球车挡板), which was affixed (粘合) by duct tape. Yet the sticky issue of duct tape is that astronauts do not have two hands to tear it. The only way to tear it is with one’s teeth or with scissors. The students designed a tape dispenser that locks into place on the guard rail. The tape dispenser provides a clean cut and can be used easily with one hand, and several rolls of tape can be placed on it at one time. It is already being used aboard the ISS. Colonel Mike Hopkins provided a glowing review aboard the spacecraft and showed the dispenser in action. “I think this tape dispenser is going to find a lot of use here on the International Space Station,” Hopkins said. 8. What is the duct tape dilemma for astronauts? A. Tearing the tape. B. Recognizing the tape. C. Making the tape in space. D. Keeping the tape floating. 9. What message does paragraph 4 mainly convey? A. Fixing equipment proves demanding. B. Astronauts have hard access to tapes. C. Space travel is challenging and tiring. D. Duct tape is important for astronauts. 10. Why is Colonel Mike Hopkins mentioned? A. To praise the students’ invention. B. To doubt reviews from the public. C. To explain how to use the dispenser. D. To show the dispenser’s characteristic. 11. From which section of a newspaper is the text most probably taken? A. Travel. B. Medicine. C. Technology. D. Environment. 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了高中生为宇航员发明的强力胶带分割器及其相关背景。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Since tearing the tape with one hand while floating is no easy task (在漂浮状态下单手撕开胶带并非易事)”以及第五段中“Yet the sticky issue of duct tape is that astronauts do not have two hands to tear it.(然而，强力胶带的棘手问题是宇航员没有双手来撕开它)”可知，宇航员面临的强力胶带难题是撕开胶带。故选A。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段中“As early as 1970, it was used on the Apollo 13 mission. Using duct tape, astronauts took a flight manual cover, a plastic bag, and a sock to repair a power-providing solar equipment that was torn. And in 1972, the crew on Apollo 17 sealed a map onto a damaged fender of the lunar rover (月球车挡板), which was affixed (粘合) by duct tape.(早在1970年，它就被用于阿波罗13号任务。宇航员用强力胶带将飞行手册封面、一个塑料袋和一只袜子粘在一起，修复了一台被撕裂的提供电力的太阳能设备。1972年，阿波罗17号的机组人员将一张地图密封在受损的月球车挡板上，用强力胶带固定)”可知，本段主要讲了强力胶带在太空任务中的多次重要应用，表明强力胶带对宇航员很重要。故选D。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Colonel Mike Hopkins provided a glowing review aboard the spacecraft and showed the dispenser in action. “I think this tape dispenser is going to find a lot of use here on the International Space Station,” Hopkins said.(Mike Hopkins 上校在飞船上给予了高度评价，并展示了该分割器的使用情况。‘我认为这种胶带分割器将在国际空间站得到广泛应用，’Hopkins 说)”可知，提到Mike Hopkins上校是为了赞扬学生们的发明。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。文章主要讲述了高中生为解决宇航员在太空撕强力胶带的难题，发明了强力胶带分割器，这属于科技创新方面的内容，所以文章最可能来自报纸的科技版块。故选C。 D “We thought dogs would behave like children under age 5, but now we guess that perhaps dogs can understand when someone is being deceitful,” says Ludwig Huber at the University of Vienna in Austria. “Maybe they think, ‘This person knows the truth but is giving me the wrong information.’” Huber and his colleagues trained 260 dogs to find hidden food in one of two covered bowls. The dogs learned to follow the suggestion of a person they had never met — the communicator — who would touch the food- filled bowl, glance at the dog, and say, “Look, this is very good!” Dogs appeared to trust this new person when they were reliably following the signal, says Huber. Once that trust was built, the team had the dogs witness another person move the food from the first to the second bowl. The communicators were either in the room, and also witnessed the switch, or were briefly absent and so apparently unaware that the food had been switched (转移). In either case, the communicators would later recommend the first bowl, which was now empty. The dogs in the new experiment weren’t so trusting of lying communicators, says Huber. Half of the dogs would follow the communicator’s misleading advice if the communicator hadn’t witnessed the food switch. But about two-thirds of dogs ignored a communicator who had witnessed the food switch and still recommended the now-empty bowl. These dogs simply went to the bowl filled with food instead. “This study reminds us that dogs are watching us closely, picking up on our social signals, and are learning from us constantly even outside of formal training contexts,” says Monique Udell at Oregon State University. The fact that half of the dogs trusted the communicator who seemed to have made an honest mistake could reveal a lot about how dogs process social information, says Udell. “There is both genetic and behavioral evidence that dogs are hypersocial, meaning that many dogs have a difficult time ignoring social cues (暗示) even when another solution might be more advantageous,” she says. 12. What does the word “deceitful” underlined in the first paragraph probably mean? A. Unfriendly. B. Frightened. C. Dishonest. D. Upset. 13. The dogs were the least likely to trust the communicator who ______. A. recommended the food-filled bowl B. didn’t witness the food switch at all C. knew the food switch and told the truth D. saw the food switch and gave wrong advice 14. What does Monique Udell suggest about dogs? A. They easily ignore social cues. B. They can recognize social signals. C. They hardly get social signals. D. They always trust human beings. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A Dogs Tend to Follow Misleading Advice B. Dogs May ignore Those Who Lie to Them C. Dogs Can Recognize the Food-filled bowl D. Dogs Always Put Trust in Human Beings 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，你对狗撒谎，狗可能会看出来。所以以后别再欺骗狗了，人对狗也要诚实相待。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段““We thought dogs would behave like children under age 5, but now we guess that perhaps dogs can understand when someone is being deceitful,” says Ludwig Huber at the University of Vienna in Austria. “Maybe they think, ‘This person knows the truth but is giving me the wrong information.’” (奥地利维也纳大学的Ludwig Huber说：“我们以为狗会表现得像5岁以下的孩子，但现在我们猜测，当有人正在deceitful，也许当有人在欺骗（它们）时，狗能理解。也许它们会想，‘这个人知道真相，但给了我错误的信息。’”)”可知，狗也许会想到人在欺骗它们，推测划线单词deceitful意为“不诚实的，欺骗的”。故选C项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“But about two-thirds of dogs ignored a communicator who had witnessed the food switch and still recommended the now-empty bowl. (但是大约三分之二的狗忽略了那个目睹了食物转移，却仍然推荐现在空碗的交流者)”可知，狗最不可能信任的是看到食物被换地方却给出错误建议的人。故选D项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“This study reminds us that dogs are watching us closely, picking up on our social signals, and are learning from us constantly even outside of formal training contexts, (这项研究提醒我们，狗一直在密切关注着我们，捕捉我们的社交信号，即使在正式的训练环境之外，它们也在不断地向我们学习)”以及最后一段““There is both genetic and behavioral evidence that dogs are hypersocial, meaning that many dogs have a difficult time ignoring social cues (暗示) even when another solution might be more advantageous,” she says.(她说：“有遗传和行为证据表明，狗是超社交的，这意味着即使另一种解决方案可能更有利，许多狗也很难忽视社交线索。”)”可知，Monique Udell认为狗能够识别社交信号。故选B项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段““We thought dogs would behave like children under age 5, but now we guess that perhaps dogs can understand when someone is being deceitful,” says Ludwig Huber at the University of Vienna in Austria. “Maybe they think, ‘This person knows the truth but is giving me the wrong information.’” (奥地利维也纳大学的Ludwig Huber说：“我们以为狗会表现得像5岁以下的孩子，但现在我们猜测，当有人正在deceitful，也许狗能理解。也许它们会想，‘这个人知道真相，但给了我错误的信息。’”)”、第四段“The dogs in the new experiment weren’t so trusting lying communicators (在新实验中，狗不太相信说谎的交流者)”以及文章内容可知，文章主要讲述了狗能识别欺骗行为，当你对狗撒谎的时候，狗可能会忽略你的指示。B项“Dogs May ignore Those Who Lie to Them (狗可能会忽略那些对它们说谎的人)”概括了文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选B项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Knowing how and when to say goodbye is often difficult, even in informal situations. But learning to say goodbye appropriately is a skill that will help you maintain (维系) your relationships. It’s also easier than it seems sometimes. ___16___ Plan an appropriate time to talk before the departure. If someone you know is leaving for several years to go overseas, or leaving for college, it can be a stressful and busy time while he/she is planning a trip. ___17___ Typically, dinnertime, when you can wander around your favorite neighborhood, or spend time together doing something both of you have always enjoyed, like watching a game, is a good choice. ___18___ Share your funniest stories and recall happy things. Dig deep into your past: the things you’ve done together, the time you have spent together or maybe even how you met. Be open and friendly. It’s important to build the standing of the relationship. If you want to keep in contact, let them know. ___19___ If you have no intentions of staying in touch, don’t ask for contact details. Otherwise, it can leave a departing friend wondering about your sincerity. When it’s time to leave, make it brief and sincere. ___20___ If you need to express complex feelings, consider writing them in a letter for the person to read later. In person, keep things light and fun. Hug, say your piece, and wish them luck during their journey. Don’t overstay your welcome. A. Let go of the past. B. Read on to learn how to say goodbye. C. Talk about the good times you’ve had. D. Exchange new phone and address information. E. So choose a proper time to meet and say goodbye. F. Most people don’t enjoy a long and drawn- out goodbye. G. Therefore, don’t worry about saying goodbye when you leave. 【答案】16. B 17. E 18. C 19. D 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了恰当说再见的方法。 【16题详解】 由上文“But learning to say goodbye appropriately is a skill that will help you maintain (维系) your relationships. It’s also easier than it seems sometimes. (但是，学会恰当地说再见是一种有助于你维系人际关系的技能。有时候，这比看起来要容易)”可知，上文引出学会恰当地说再见这个话题，下文应围绕如何学会恰当地说再见展开，B选项“继续阅读，学习如何说再见”承接上文，并引出下文各段落的关于说再见的一些建议，符合语境。故选B。 【17题详解】 由上文“Plan an appropriate time to talk before the departure. If someone you know is leaving for several years to go overseas, or leaving for college, it can be a stressful and busy time while he/ she planning a trip. (在离开前计划一个合适的时间交谈。如果你认识的人要离开几年去国外，或者去上大学，在他/她计划旅行的时候，这可能是一段压力很大、很忙碌的时间)”可知，上文提到在对方计划旅行时可能很忙，所以要选择合适的时间见面说再见，E选项“所以选择一个合适的时间见面说再见”中a proper time是关键词，承接上文，符合语境。故选E。 【18题详解】 由下文“Share your funniest stories and recall happy things. Dig deep into your past: the things you’ve done together, the time you have spent together or maybe even how you met. (分享你最有趣故事，回忆快乐的事情。深入挖掘你的过去：你们一起做过的事情，一起度过的时光，甚至你们是如何相识的)”可知，下文提到分享有趣故事、回忆快乐事情等，这些都是关于过去的美好时光，C选项“谈论你们度过的美好时光”引出下文内容，符合语境。故选C。 【19题详解】 由上文“Be open and friendly. It’s important to build the standing of the relationship. If you want to keep in contact, let them know. (要保持开放而友好的态度。巩固这段关系很重要。如果你想保持联系，让他们知道)”可知，上文提到如果想保持联系要让对方知道，下文应围绕交换联系方式展开，D选项“交换新的电话和地址信息”符合语境，承接上文。故选D。 【20题详解】 由上文“When it’s time to leave, make it brief and sincere. (当该离开的时候，要简短而真诚)”以及下文“If you need to express complex feelings, consider writing them in a letter for the person to read later.(如果你需要表达复杂的感受，可以考虑把它们写在一封信中，让对方稍后阅读)”可知，上文提到离开时要简短真诚，下文说明如果有复杂的情感，可以写在信里，以便于稍后阅读，F选项“大多数人不喜欢冗长而拖沓的告别”承接上文，进一步解释了为什么要简短真诚，符合语境。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Just one year ago, no matter how hard Nicole Amaro asked her parents to let her skateboard, they refused to give in. Then the ___21___ happened after Brazilians were introduced to a “little fairy (仙女)”, Rayssa Leal, who got a silver in the skateboarding ___22___ at Tokyo 2020 Olympics. “My parents did not want me to get hurt. But when they watched the Olympics, they realized it’s a ___23___ sport and they have finally overcome their concern,” said Amaro, who is receiving her first two-hour skateboarding lesson at a training camp. “I want to be just like Rayssa Leal and win ___24___.” Sandro Dias, the owner of the training camp, said he used to receive messages from one or two girls seeking classes on ___25___ days before Tokyo 2020 Olympics. “Now, there are just too many!” Rayssa Leal was first ___26___ to the US in 2015, when a video showed the then 7-year-old girl ___27___ to skateboard down three stairs while wearing a blue dress. She failed twice, but on the ___28___ attempt — wearing wings — she reached the landing successfully. American skateboarding superstar Tony Hawk ___29___ the video on social media and called her “little fairy”. It ___30___ the Internet like wildfires. They have since built a close bond and Leal ___31___ calls him “little Uncle Tony”. Leal isn’t Brazil’s first female skateboarder. Pioneers, like the 32-year-old Leticia Bufoni, struggled to gain ___32___ in the game. When Bufoni was 10, her dad ___33___ her skateboard in an attempt to put an end to her hobby. “I cried for hours,” she said. “He thought ___34___ shouldn’t skateboard, because he had never seen a woman do it before.” After Leal’s Olympic showing, no Brazilian parent can say that again, ___35___. 21. A. funniest B. worst C. unfortunate D. impossible 22. A. training B. competition C. play D. park 23. A. well- paid B. dangerous C. great D. cruel 24. A. medals B. election C. battles D. money 25. A. long B. happy C. sunny D. normal 26. A. introduced B. allowed C. driven D. taken 27 A. refusing B. declaring C. attempting D. expecting 28. A. first B. second C. third D. fourth 29. A. recorded B. shared C. cut D. saved 30. A. blocked out B. spread across C. covered with D. responded to 31. A. carelessly B. calmly C. rudely D. sweetly 32. A. acceptance B. independence C. confidence D. experience 33. A. repaired B. destroyed C. painted D. built 34. A. girls B. students C. adults D. teenagers 35. A. quietly B. necessarily C. conveniently D. eventually 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了雷莎·莱尔影响巴西女孩滑板运动的发展。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，在巴西人认识了2020年东京奥运会滑板比赛银牌得主“小仙女”雷莎·莱尔后，不可能的事情发生了。A. funniest最有趣的；B. worst最差的；C. unfortunate不幸的；D. impossible不可能的。根据前文“no matter how hard Nicole Amaro asked her parents to let her skateboard, they refused to give in.”可知，一开始父母不同意她玩滑板，后来因为雷莎·莱尔的出现父母同意了，所以这是不可能的事情发生了。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. training训练；B. competition比赛；C. play玩耍；D. park公园。根据后文“at Tokyo 2020 Olympics”可知，雷莎·莱尔是在东京奥运会的滑板比赛中获得银牌。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我的父母不想让我受伤。但当他们观看奥运会时，他们意识到这是一项很棒的运动，他们终于克服了他们的担忧，”阿马罗在训练营接受她的第一个两小时滑板课时说。A. well-paid报酬高的；B. dangerous危险的；C. great很棒的；D. cruel残酷的。根据后文“they have finally overcome their concern”可知，父母意识到这是一项很棒的运动，所以克服了担忧。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我想成为像雷莎·莱尔一样的人，赢得奖牌。”A. medals奖牌；B. election选举；C. battles战斗；D. money钱。根据前文“I want to be just like Rayssa Leal”可知，雷莎·莱尔在奥运会获得银牌，所以阿马罗也想像她一样赢得奖牌。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：训练营老板桑德罗·迪亚斯说，在2020年东京奥运会前的正常日子里，他曾经收到一两个女孩寻求上课的消息。A. long长的；B. happy快乐的；C. sunny晴朗的；D. normal正常的。根据后文“before Tokyo 2020 Olympics”可知，此处指在东京奥运会前的正常日子里。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2015年，雷莎·莱尔第一次走进美国人的视野，当时一段视频显示，这个7岁的女孩穿着蓝色连衣裙，试图滑下三级台阶。A. introduced介绍；B. allowed允许；C. driven驾驶；D. taken带。后文“American skateboarding superstar Tony Hawk ____ the video on social media”提到美国滑板巨星转发了雷莎·莱尔的视频并在网络走红，故此处指雷莎·莱尔第一次被介绍给美国公众。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. refusing拒绝；B. declaring宣布；C. attempting试图；D. expecting期待。根据后文“She failed twice”可知，她试图滑下三级台阶。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查数词词义辨析。句意：她失败了两次，但在第三次尝试时——戴着翅膀——她成功到达了降落点。A. first第一；B. second第二；C. third第三；D. fourth第四。根据前文“She failed twice”可知，第三次尝试成功了。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：美国滑板巨星托尼·霍克在社交媒体上分享了这段视频，并称她为“小仙女”。A. recorded记录；B. shared分享；C. cut切割；D. saved拯救。根据后文“on social media”可知，托尼·霍克在社交媒体上分享了这段视频。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：它像野火一样在互联网上传播开来。A. blocked out挡住；B. spread across传播；C. covered with覆盖；D. responded to回应。根据后文“like wildfires”可知，视频被分享后，在网上广泛传播。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，他们建立了亲密的关系，莱尔亲切地称他为“托尼小叔叔”。A. carelessly粗心地；B. calmly冷静地；C. rudely粗鲁地；D. sweetly亲切地。根据后文“calls him “little Uncle Tony”.”可知，两人关系密切，所以莱尔亲切地称呼他。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：像32岁的莱蒂西亚·布福尼这样的先驱者，很难在比赛中获得认可。A. acceptance认可；B. independence独立；C. confidence自信；D. experience经历。根据后文“When Bufoni was 10, her dad ____ her skateboard in an attempt to put an end to her hobby.”可知，女性滑板运动员很难在比赛中获得认可。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：布福尼10岁时，她的父亲毁掉了她的滑板，试图结束她的爱好。A. repaired修理；B. destroyed毁掉；C. painted粉刷；D. built建造。根据后文“in an attempt to put an end to her hobby”可知，父亲想终止她的爱好，所以毁掉了滑板。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他认为女孩不应该玩滑板，因为他以前从未见过女人玩滑板。A. girls女孩；B. students学生；C. adults成人；D. teenagers青少年。根据后文“because he had never seen a woman do it before.”可知，父亲认为女孩不应该玩滑板。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在莱尔参加奥运会后，巴西的父母们最终也不能再这么说了。A. quietly安静地；B. necessarily必要地；C. conveniently方便地；D. eventually最终。根据前文“After Leal’s Olympic showing”可知，莱尔的表现改变了人们对女孩滑板的看法，所以父母们最终不再反对。故选D。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An ___36___ (argue) once took place between the Wind and the Sun as to who was stronger. To decide the matter, they agreed to try their power on ___37___ traveler. The one who could first take off his coat was ___38___ (win). The Wind tried first. He blew up such a strong wind that it tore up the ___39___ (tree) by their roots. However, the harder the Wind blew, the more ___40___ (tight) the traveler held his coat. The Wind kept ___41___ (try) his best, but in vain. Then came the ___42___ (Sun) turn. He broke through the thick clouds ___43___ shined so fiercely upon the land that the poor fellow almost fainted (晕倒). “It is so hot that I feel like living in a stove,” he said. So he rushed to a pond to cool ___44___ (he), while throwing off his coat. This story teaches us a lesson ___45___ gentle means will often succeed while forcible ones will fail. 【答案】36. argument 37. a 38. to win 39. trees 40. tightly 41. trying 42. Sun’s 43. and 44. himself 45. that 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章是一篇寓言故事，讲述的是有一天，太阳和风打赌看看谁能让一位行者脱掉上衣，先做到者则更强大。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：风和太阳曾就谁更强壮展开了一场争论。空处位于不定冠词An之后，应用名词形式作主语，argue的名词形式为argument“争论”，且由An可知，此处应用单数形式。故填argument。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：为了解决这个问题，他们同意在一个旅行者身上试试他们的力量。空处泛指一个旅行者，应用不定冠词，且traveler是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：能先让旅行者脱掉上衣的那一个就将赢得这场比赛。此处用所给动词的不定式，表示将要发生什么。be to do sth意为“将做某事”，为固定用法。故填to win。 【39题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：他刮起了一阵大风，把树连根拔起。tree“树”为可数名词，根据空后的their roots可知，应用复数形式作宾语。故填trees。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：然而，风刮得越猛，旅行者就把外套裹得越紧。“the +比较级，the +比较级”为固定结构，表示“越……，越……”，tight为形容词，其副词形式为tightly，此处应用副词比较级more tightly修饰动词held。故填tightly。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：风一直尽力，但徒劳无功。keep doing sth.为固定用法，表示“一直做某事，不停地做某事”，所以空处应用动名词形式。故填trying。 【42题详解】 考查名词所有格。句意：然后轮到太阳了。空处修饰名词turn，表示“太阳”，应用名词所有格形式Sun’s。故填Sun’s。 【43题详解】 考查连词。句意：他冲破厚厚的云层，强烈地照耀着大地，可怜的人几乎要晕倒了。broke through the thick clouds和shined so fiercely upon the land之间为并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。 【44题详解】 考查代词。句意：于是他冲到池塘边让自己凉快一下，同时脱下了外套。空处作动词cool的宾语，与主语he指代同一人，应用反身代词himself。故填himself。 【45题详解】 考查名词性从句。句意：这个故事给我们上了一课：温和的手段往往会成功，而强硬的手段往往会失败。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明lesson的具体内容，从句中不缺少成分且意义完整，故此处用that引导。故填that。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Lily发来邮件说她参加了她的学校组织的古筝比赛并获得了一等奖。请你回复邮件，内容包括： 1. 表示祝贺； 2. 肯定她的努力； 3. 请求交流切磋。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Lily, I’m glad to receive your email saying that you won first prize in the Guzheng Competition held by your school. I’d like to offer my sincere congratulations to you. I think you deserve the reward. For years, you’ve shown great interest in Guzheng and kept practicing it every day. Not only have you read many books about Guzheng playing techniques, but also you have competed in different kinds of Guzheng competitions. Finally, your efforts have paid off. I’m really happy for you. I hope to talk about Guzheng with you so that we can make progress together. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给新西兰朋友Lily回复邮件，对她参加学校组织的古筝比赛并获得一等奖表示祝贺，肯定她的努力，并请求交流切磋。 【详解】1.词汇积累 真诚的：sincere → genuine 技巧：techniques → skills 最终：finally → ultimately 进步：progress → advancement 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：For years, you’ve shown great interest in Guzheng and kept practicing it every day. 拓展句：For years, you’ve shown great interest in Guzheng, which is an instrument that you’ve kept practicing every day. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m glad to receive your email saying that you won first prize in the Guzheng Competition held by your school.(运用了现在分词作后置定语，that引导的宾语从句和过去分词作后置定语) 【高分句型2】Not only have you read many books about Guzheng playing techniques, but also you have competed in different kinds of Guzheng competitions.(运用了not only位于句首引出的部分倒装句) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was August, the busiest season for tourism. Oliver Holland, the owner of a restaurant in a scenic spot, was expecting as many as 500 tourists to visit and eat there each day. With a joyful heart, he jumped into his truck and set off to his restaurant. Before he turned onto the main road he had to go through an eleven-kilometer tunnel. It was the only access to his restaurant from his home. Two years earlier a truck caught fire inside the tunnel and its closure for repairs was a huge blow to his business. When the road to his restaurant was blocked, the stream of tourists stopped. Although it was difficult, he managed to keep his staff on. “This year will be a perfect year.” Oliver thought. Inside the tunnel everything went normal. But when he was near the end, Oliver spotted an unusual light 50 meters ahead. Then he saw something burning. He stopped in his tracks and saw a tour bus on fire! At the back where the engine was, dozens of tourists were running towards him. “They’re going the wrong way.” Oliver thought, knowing the tunnel exit was just 500 meters ahead. Then he realized the bus was now burning so fiercely that it was impossible for them to get around it. As a former volunteer firefighter, Oliver first had to raise the alarm. “A bus is on fire Stop the traffic!” he texted with shaking hands, while thick smoke pouring out of the bus kept blowing in his direction under the influence of the strong wind. In no time it would black out the tunnel, choking and blinding anyone inside it. There was no chance for the poor tourists to survive. Every minute counted. 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 As a former volunteer firefighter, Oliver knew immediately what should be done. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After a 2 minutes’ desperate drive, finally they arrived at the exit of the tunnel! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】As a former volunteer firefighter, Oliver knew immediately what should be done. He jumped out of his truck and opened the doors to the empty cargo (货物) space. He shouted and waved his arms in the air, signaling people to run towards his truck. As the smoke became thicker and spread increasingly faster, the frightened tourists started to flood in. It was a race against death. As soon as the tourists flooded into the truck, he sped away. After a 2 minutes’desperate drive, finally they arrived at the exit of the tunnel! What a narrow escape! All of them breathed with relief and thanked Oliver. They felt that without him, they would have been choked to death in the tunnel. However, his eyebrows were knitted into a deep frown. He was worried whether the tunnel would be closed for a long time again. But that was not going to happen. Thanks to his message, the firefighters arrived just in time to put the fire out and the tunnel would be reopened within hours. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了餐馆老板奥利弗·霍兰德在隧道中发现旅游巴士起火，曾为志愿消防员的他立刻报警，当时情况危急，每分每秒都关乎游客生死。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“作为一名前志愿消防员，奥利弗立刻知道该怎么做了。”可知，第一段可描写奥利弗如何组织游客逃离火场。 ②由第二段首句内容“经过两分钟的绝望驾驶，他们终于到达了隧道的出口！”可知，第二段可描写游客们对奥利弗的感激之情以及奥利弗的担忧和最终隧道得以重新开放的结局。 2.续写线索：奥利弗组织游客逃离——游客们进入卡车——奥利弗加速逃离——到达隧道出口——游客们感激奥利弗——奥利弗担忧隧道关闭——消防员及时赶到扑灭火灾——隧道重新开放 3.词汇激活 行为类： ①涌入：flooded in/poured in ②加速离开：sped away/accelerated away ③扑灭火灾：put the fire out/extinguish the flames 情绪类： ①感激：thank/be grateful ②担心的：worried/anxious 【点睛】【高分句型1】As the smoke became thicker and spread increasingly faster, the frightened tourists started to flood in.(运用了As引导的状语从句) 【高分句型2】As soon as the tourists flooded into the truck, he sped away.(运用了As soon as引导的状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高三英语 考生注意： 1．本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2．答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。 3．考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 4．本卷命题范围：高考范围。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What will the woman do this weekend? A．Build a shelter. B．Have a yard sale. C．Buy some pets. 2．What time is it now? A．8:30. B．9:00. C．10:00. 3．What is the woman going to do? A．Prepare for her paper. B．Borrow some books. C．Attend a history class. 4．How did the woman get her party dress? A．She made it. B．She bought it. C．She borrowed it. 5．How does the woman feel? A．Annoyed. B．Frightened. C．Relieved. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What is the relationship between the speakers? A．Strangers. B．Colleagues. C．New classmates. 7．Where are the speakers? A．In a café. B．In a supermarket. C．At school. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．What is wrong with the woman’s pictures? A．They are out of focus. B．Their colors are terrible. C．The composition is bad. 9．What is the woman advised to do? A．Buy a new camera. B．Avoid using any software. C．Take a photo course. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．Where do business travelers tend to eat their meals? A．In their rooms. B．At restaurants. C．At the business center. 11．What is free of charge? A．Meeting rooms. B．Wake-up service. C．Bus transportation. 12．Where is the hotel? A．In the city center. B．Near the City Airport. C．In the west of London. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A book club. B．Some famous novels. C．A coming exam. 14．What is the woman reading now? A．The Beautiful Mind. B．The Great Gatsby. C．The Kite Runner. 15．How much time is left for the man to read the book? A．One week. B．Two weeks. C．One month. 16．How can the club members choose a book for all? A．By voting. B．By deciding on a topic. C．By asking the chairman. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．What is Rachel Carson? A．A writer. B．A farmer. C．A publisher. 18．What does the title Silent Spring suggest? A．The beauty of spring. B．The death of birds. C．The peace of nature. 19．What did the agricultural and chemical industries think of Silent Spring? A．Amazing. B．Practical. C．Unscientific. 20．What is Silent Spring mainly about? A．Agricultural technology. B．Industrial development. C．Environmental protection. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Are you looking for translated novels to gain new perspectives from other lands and cultures? Here are four of the all-time classics. The Metamorphosis by Franz Kalka (German) Imagine waking up one morning as a huge cockroach (蟑螂). Such is the life of Gregor Samsa, the formerly-human-now-insect hero in The Metamorphosis. Realizing that only he has changed while all else remains the same, Gregor must examine his relationship to his family and the humanity. The short novel is a soul-searching examination of family, money and obligation (责任) in early 20th century industrialized Germany. My Name Is Red by Orhan Pamuk (Turkish) Translated by Erdag Goknar, this novel paints a vivid picture of the Ottoman Empire under Sultan Murad Ⅲ’s rule. The story starts off with one of the Sultan’s favorite artists being cruelly murdered. From there, each character tells their own story, sometimes breaking the fourth wall and speaking directly to the reader. It’s unlike any murder story you’ve ever read. The Alchemist by Paulo Coelho (Portuguese) One of the best translated novels is The Alchemist, which tells the true story of a young man named Santiago. The cultural influences are inspiring, as there is much detailed information from the young man’s journey from Spain to Morocco, and eventually to Egypt. The vivid description makes it one of the best travel journals ever produced. News of a Kidnapping (绑架) by Gabriel Garcia Márquez (Spanish) Gabriel Garcia Márquez started out as a journalist, and in News of a Kidnapping, he investigates a series of kidnappings in Colombia. These are real-life kidnappings, and Márquez accounts the emotions of the victims and their families. The personalities of the kidnappers are also described, and the way in which they transformed from regular people into beasts is particularly fascinating. 1 Gregor Samsa is the main character in ______. A. The Metamorphosis B. The Alchemist C. My Name Is Red D. News of a Kidnapping 2. Who is a translator? A. Orhan Pamuk. B. Erdag Goknar. C. Paulo Coelho. D. Gabriel Garcia Márquez. 3 What do the last two books have in common? A. They are news reports. B. They are short novels. C. They are real-life stories. D. They are travel journals. B Whatever sport she played in her four years at Maryvale Prep, recent graduate Maggie Stalter likes to set goals. Diagnosed (诊断) with hearing loss when she was 10 months old, the 18-year-old has always understood that she has to work harder than others to reach them. Stalter played sports at Maryvale. Running turned out to be her athletic calling. She first took part in outdoor track in her junior year and further joined the cross country team last fall as a senior. She also played other kinds of sports at school despite her hearing problem. To compensate for her hearing loss, Stalter has had cochlear implants (人工耳蜗植入) since early childhood. The devices provide her with a sense of sound. Stalter says that lip reading, which adds to what she hears through the implants, and connecting with teachers and classmates to track back on material that she didn’t get for the first time make her feel stressed. But she admits that she is lucky enough. Sports have been a rewarding release (释放), with running topping the list. Her favorite part about running is finding out what she’s capable of and having the chance to celebrate it with teammates. That opportunity came after the Lions cross country team won the championship last fall. For Stalter, who didn’t decide she would run cross country until two weeks before the first practice, it was a season-long reward as she worked her way up. Throughout the season, coach Jason Miller, who communicated with Stalter through a microphone-like device, used hand signals and made sure she stood up front during team talks. Fellow recent graduate Rachel Thomas, the Lions captain and top runner, called Stalter her unofficial co-captain for the positive influence she had on the team. “I never saw anybody work harder than Maggie,” Thomas said. “Our teammates would always say when they saw Maggie cheering them on, they knew they all had to run harder.” 4. What can we know about Stalter? A. She prefers to do sports alone. B. She dislikes setting sports goals. C. She tried various sports at school. D. She lost hearing during running. 5. Why does Stalter feel lucky? A. Lip reading never appears stressful for her. B. She communicates well with her classmates. C. Her running performances rank high on the list. D. Sports help to reduce her pressure from hearing loss. 6. What did Jason Miller do for Stalter? A. He taught her to give talks. B. He gave her special care as a coach. C He cured her of hearing loss. D. He trained her in a very casual way. 7. Which of the following words can best describe Stalter in Thomas’s opinion? A. Modest. B. Adventurous. C. Organized. D. Inspiring. C Sometimes astronauts get into a sticky situation up in space. When something needs repairing, it often turns out that duct tape is a preferred fix-it all. Since tearing the tape with one hand while floating is no easy task, high school students just came up with a brilliant solution. They invented a duct tape dispenser (强力胶带分割器) that is out of this world! Students belonging to HUNCH (High School Students United With NASA) have just made life a lot easier for astronauts. In the 18 years since the program operated, students have been busy designing and building equipment that is then used on the International Space Station (ISS). And now, students from five states combined their efforts to come up with a solution to the duct tape dilemma. Duct tape, called “grey tape”, along with Kapton high temperature tape, is a necessary tool for astronauts. Over the years, these tapes have come in handy in times of emergency. As early as 1970, it was used on the Apollo 13 mission. Using duct tape, astronauts took a flight manual cover, a plastic bag, and a sock to repair a power-providing solar equipment that was torn. And in 1972, the crew on Apollo 17 sealed a map onto a damaged fender of the lunar rover (月球车挡板), which was affixed (粘合) by duct tape. Yet the sticky issue of duct tape is that astronauts do not have two hands to tear it. The only way to tear it is with one’s teeth or with scissors. The students designed a tape dispenser that locks into place on the guard rail. The tape dispenser provides a clean cut and can be used easily with one hand, and several rolls of tape can be placed on it at one time. It is already being used aboard the ISS. Colonel Mike Hopkins provided a glowing review aboard the spacecraft and showed the dispenser in action. “I think this tape dispenser is going to find a lot of use here on the International Space Station,” Hopkins said. 8. What is the duct tape dilemma for astronauts? A. Tearing the tape. B. Recognizing the tape. C. Making the tape in space. D. Keeping the tape floating. 9. What message does paragraph 4 mainly convey? A. Fixing equipment proves demanding. B. Astronauts have hard access to tapes. C. Space travel is challenging and tiring. D. Duct tape is important for astronauts. 10. Why is Colonel Mike Hopkins mentioned? A. To praise the students’ invention. B. To doubt reviews from the public. C. To explain how to use the dispenser. D. To show the dispenser’s characteristic. 11. From which section of a newspaper is the text most probably taken? A. Travel. B. Medicine. C. Technology. D. Environment. D “We thought dogs would behave like children under age 5, but now we guess that perhaps dogs can understand when someone is being deceitful,” says Ludwig Huber at the University of Vienna in Austria. “Maybe they think, ‘This person knows the truth but is giving me the wrong information.’” Huber and his colleagues trained 260 dogs to find hidden food in one of two covered bowls. The dogs learned to follow the suggestion of a person they had never met — the communicator — who would touch the food- filled bowl, glance at the dog, and say, “Look, this is very good!” Dogs appeared to trust this new person when they were reliably following the signal, says Huber. Once that trust was built, the team had the dogs witness another person move the food from the first to the second bowl. The communicators were either in the room, and also witnessed the switch, or were briefly absent and so apparently unaware that the food had been switched (转移). In either case, the communicators would later recommend the first bowl, which was now empty. The dogs in the new experiment weren’t so trusting of lying communicators, says Huber. Half of the dogs would follow the communicator’s misleading advice if the communicator hadn’t witnessed the food switch. But about two-thirds of dogs ignored a communicator who had witnessed the food switch and still recommended the now-empty bowl. These dogs simply went to the bowl filled with food instead. “This study reminds us that dogs are watching us closely, picking up on our social signals, and are learning from us constantly even outside of formal training contexts,” says Monique Udell at Oregon State University. The fact that half of the dogs trusted the communicator who seemed to have made an honest mistake could reveal a lot about how dogs process social information, says Udell. “There is both genetic and behavioral evidence that dogs are hypersocial, meaning that many dogs have a difficult time ignoring social cues (暗示) even when another solution might be more advantageous,” she says. 12. What does the word “deceitful” underlined in the first paragraph probably mean? A. Unfriendly. B. Frightened. C. Dishonest. D. Upset. 13. The dogs were the least likely to trust the communicator who ______. A. recommended the food-filled bowl B. didn’t witness the food switch at all C. knew the food switch and told the truth D. saw the food switch and gave wrong advice 14. What does Monique Udell suggest about dogs? A. They easily ignore social cues. B. They can recognize social signals. C. They hardly get social signals. D. They always trust human beings. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Dogs Tend to Follow Misleading Advice B. Dogs May ignore Those Who Lie to Them C. Dogs Can Recognize the Food-filled bowl D. Dogs Always Put Trust in Human Beings 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Knowing how and when to say goodbye is often difficult, even in informal situations. But learning to say goodbye appropriately is a skill that will help you maintain (维系) your relationships. It’s also easier than it seems sometimes. ___16___ Plan an appropriate time to talk before the departure. If someone you know is leaving for several years to go overseas, or leaving for college, it can be a stressful and busy time while he/she is planning a trip. ___17___ Typically dinnertime, when you can wander around your favorite neighborhood, or spend time together doing something both of you have always enjoyed, like watching a game, is a good choice. ___18___ Share your funniest stories and recall happy things. Dig deep into your past: the things you’ve done together, the time you have spent together or maybe even how you met. Be open and friendly. It’s important to build the standing of the relationship. If you want to keep in contact, let them know. ___19___ If you have no intentions of staying in touch, don’t ask for contact details. Otherwise, it can leave a departing friend wondering about your sincerity. When it’s time to leave, make it brief and sincere. ___20___ If you need to express complex feelings, consider writing them in a letter for the person to read later. In person, keep things light and fun. Hug, say your piece, and wish them luck during their journey. Don’t overstay your welcome. A. Let go of the past. B. Read on to learn how to say goodbye. C. Talk about the good times you’ve had. D. Exchange new phone and address information. E. So choose a proper time to meet and say goodbye. F. Most people don’t enjoy a long and drawn- out goodbye. G. Therefore, don’t worry about saying goodbye when you leave. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Just one year ago, no matter how hard Nicole Amaro asked her parents to let her skateboard, they refused to give in. Then the ___21___ happened after Brazilians were introduced to a “little fairy (仙女)”, Rayssa Leal, who got a silver in the skateboarding ___22___ at Tokyo 2020 Olympics. “My parents did not want me to get hurt. But when they watched the Olympics, they realized it’s a ___23___ sport and they have finally overcome their concern,” said Amaro, who is receiving her first two-hour skateboarding lesson at a training camp. “I want to be just like Rayssa Leal and win ___24___.” Sandro Dias, the owner of the training camp, said he used to receive messages from one or two girls seeking classes on ___25___ days before Tokyo 2020 Olympics. “Now, there are just too many!” Rayssa Leal was first ___26___ to the US in 2015, when a video showed the then 7-year-old girl ___27___ to skateboard down three stairs while wearing a blue dress. She failed twice, but on the ___28___ attempt — wearing wings — she reached the landing successfully. American skateboarding superstar Tony Hawk ___29___ the video on social media and called her “little fairy”. It ___30___ the Internet like wildfires. They have since built a close bond and Leal ___31___ calls him “little Uncle Tony”. Leal isn’t Brazil’s first female skateboarder. Pioneers, like the 32-year-old Leticia Bufoni, struggled to gain ___32___ in the game. When Bufoni was 10, her dad ___33___ her skateboard in an attempt to put an end to her hobby. “I cried for hours,” she said. “He thought ___34___ shouldn’t skateboard, because he had never seen a woman do it before.” After Leal’s Olympic showing, no Brazilian parent can say that again, ___35___. 21. A. funniest B. worst C. unfortunate D. impossible 22. A. training B. competition C. play D. park 23. A. well- paid B. dangerous C. great D. cruel 24. A. medals B. election C. battles D. money 25. A. long B. happy C. sunny D. normal 26. A. introduced B. allowed C. driven D. taken 27. A. refusing B. declaring C. attempting D. expecting 28. A. first B. second C. third D. fourth 29. A. recorded B. shared C. cut D. saved 30. A. blocked out B. spread across C. covered with D. responded to 31. A. carelessly B. calmly C. rudely D. sweetly 32. A. acceptance B. independence C. confidence D. experience 33. A. repaired B. destroyed C. painted D. built 34. A. girls B. students C. adults D. teenagers 35. A. quietly B. necessarily C. conveniently D. eventually 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An ___36___ (argue) once took place between the Wind and the Sun as to who was stronger. To decide the matter, they agreed to try their power on ___37___ traveler. The one who could first take off his coat was ___38___ (win). The Wind tried first. He blew up such a strong wind that it tore up the ___39___ (tree) by their roots. However, the harder the Wind blew, the more ___40___ (tight) the traveler held his coat. The Wind kept ___41___ (try) his best, but in vain. Then came the ___42___ (Sun) turn. He broke through the thick clouds ___43___ shined so fiercely upon the land that the poor fellow almost fainted (晕倒). “It is so hot that I feel like living in a stove,” he said. So he rushed to a pond to cool ___44___ (he), while throwing off his coat. This story teaches us a lesson ___45___ gentle means will often succeed while forcible ones will fail 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Lily发来邮件说她参加了她的学校组织的古筝比赛并获得了一等奖。请你回复邮件，内容包括： 1. 表示祝贺； 2. 肯定她的努力； 3. 请求交流切磋。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was August, the busiest season for tourism. Oliver Holland, the owner of a restaurant in a scenic spot, was expecting as many as 500 tourists to visit and eat there each day. With a joyful heart, he jumped into his truck and set off to his restaurant. Before he turned onto the main road he had to go through an eleven-kilometer tunnel. It was the only access to his restaurant from his home. Two years earlier a truck caught fire inside the tunnel and its closure for repairs was a huge blow to his business. When the road to his restaurant was blocked, the stream of tourists stopped. Although it was difficult, he managed to keep his staff on. “This year will be a perfect year.” Oliver thought. Inside the tunnel everything went normal. But when he was near the end, Oliver spotted an unusual light 50 meters ahead. Then he saw something burning. He stopped in his tracks and saw a tour bus on fire! At the back where the engine was, dozens of tourists were running towards him. “They’re going the wrong way.” Oliver thought, knowing the tunnel exit was just 500 meters ahead. Then he realized the bus was now burning so fiercely that it was impossible for them to get around it. As a former volunteer firefighter, Oliver first had to raise the alarm. “A bus is on fire Stop the traffic!” he texted with shaking hands, while thick smoke pouring out of the bus kept blowing in his direction under the influence of the strong wind. In no time it would black out the tunnel, choking and blinding anyone inside it. There was no chance for the poor tourists to survive. Every minute counted. 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 As a former volunteer firefighter, Oliver knew immediately what should be done. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After a 2 minutes’ desperate drive, finally they arrived at the exit of the tunnel! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $