Unit 3 重点词汇、词性转换、词义辨析及重难点句型梳理（题型突破）-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册单元重难点精讲精练全突破（人教版2024）

Unit 3 重点词汇、词性转换、词义辨析、重难点句型（题型突破） 一、单项选择。 1．Yesterday, it took us half an hour to ________ the math problem. A．solve B．answer C．expect D．note 2．Those who _______ the lecture were the students of Grade Two. A．attended B．joined C．took part in D．joined in 3．I met her ___ in a crowded bus. A．by mistake B．on purpose C．by accident D．accident 4．The ________ man just lies in the bed all day and does nothing, so he is very poor. A．hard-working B．kind C．outgoing D．lazy 5．—Can Lily and Lucy go to the movies this Friday? —No, they can’t. ________ of them have to study at home. A．Each B．All C．Both D．Either 6．This picture is very ________ that one. There are only a few differences. A．such as B．similar to C．across from D．the same as 7．This picture is ________ from that one. Can you tell the ________ between them? A．different; differences B．differences; different C．different; different D．differences; differences 8．— I think John is very kind. — Yes. He always________ everything with other kids. A．reaches B．shares C．cares D．touches 9．—Your village is really beautiful! —Thank you. ________, all the villages here have taken on a new look. A．For example B．In fact C．First of all D．As soon as 10．Would you please help me get the kite back from the tree? I can’t ________ it. A．see B．arrive C．bring D．reach 11．Bill has a great sense of ________ and often makes people laugh. A．humour B．business C．pride D．direction 12．When Sam ________ there, it was already midnight. A．arrived B．reached at C．arrived at D．got to 二、根据括号所给汉语提示及句意填空。 1．They will (参加) the business meeting tomorrow morning. 2．Are you (认真)? You can’t just give up your job so soon. 3．Last term, I won the first (奖品) in the English dubbing competition. 4．Lily, an (交流) student in America, found that so many products in the local shops were made in China. 5．We are going to have a welcome party for the (交换) students from London. 6．Don’t (触摸) the hot stove. You might get burned. 7．In (事实上), happiness is always around you if you put your heart into it. 8． (幸亏，由于) Lily’s support, I got the courage to take part in the project. 9．— What does Lucy look like? — She is tall and (苗条的). 10．Gleaning helps (解决) the problems of farm waste and food shortages (短缺). 11．Tom has a good sense of (幽默). We all like him. 12．Kate isn’t very (外向的). She likes to stay at home and read. 13．Lisa (期待) her brother to get the first prize in the coming English competition. 14．The (银色的) car is much more expensive than the black one. 15．My sixth (感觉) tells me that something good will happen． 16．Sports news (使感兴趣) him the most. 17．That book is too high. I can’t (伸手够到) it. 18．Can you (比较) the differences between the two cultures? 三、用所给的词的正确形式填空。 1．Lucy has changed a lot. When I met her five years ago, she was much (shy). 2．Her wonderful (perform) at the school art festival won praise from teachers and students. 3．Elsie usually asks her friend for a (solve) when she can’t figure out the puzzle. 4．Our school encourages students (develop) their own interests in different fields. 5． Besides (work) as a doctor, John also writes stories in his free time. 6．He got first place in the English exam. I want to send my (congratulate) to him. 7．The twins are similar in (appear), but their characters are quite different. 8．Some people read for (please) and some people read for knowledge. 9．I have mistaken Lucy for Lily many times, for they look so /əˈlaɪk/. 10．Eating (little) junk food and more vegetables is good for your health. 11．—Cindy, are you feeling better now? —No, Mum. I feel even (bad). 12．There are (many) modern buildings in Shanghai than in Bangkok. 13．It was raining even (heavy) when you returned home yesterday. 14．—Can you give me some (意见) on hobbies? —Of course. 15．He is (诚实的) in his business with others. 16．The boy wanted to dress up as a (王子). 17．Sarah thinks that a good friend is sometimes like a (镜子). 18．What’s the （人口）of Canada? 19．I often use sunflowers as symbols of (力量). 20．We should speak to the old as as possible, young man. (polite) 21．I want to become as (success) as you. 22．Yoga is not as (excite) as bungee jumping (蹦极). 23．That girl wears nice clothes, but what she said makes her look even (ugly). 24．Lisa won the singing competition because she sang (clearly) than the other singers. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1．恭喜你在今天的比赛中表现出色，这让我们都感到骄傲。 your excellent performance in today’s game, which makes us all proud. 2．人工智能现在已到来, 它在很多方面影响我们。 AI is here now and it influences us . 5．不要害怕犯错误，你能从中学到很多。 Don’t be afraid of and you will a lot it. 4．他经常参加一些保护地球的活动。 He often some activities to protect the Earth. 5．他们虽然是兄弟，但他们没有共同之处。 They are brothers, but they . 6．多亏了我老师的帮助，我才能通过这次考试。 my teacher’s help, I could pass the exam. 7．约翰害怕晚上出去。 John go out at night. 8．父母给我们爱与温暖，我们也应该关心他们。 Parents give us love and warmth and we should also them. 9．当你把这本书和那本书作比较时，你会发现这本书更有趣。 When you this book that one, you’ll find this one more interesting. 10．在公交站我意外地遇见了她。 I met her at bus stop. 11．朋友说我和我姐姐相似。 My friends say that I my sister. 12．这个城市的人口接近100万。 this city is close to a million. 13．他的朋友听说他家中的困难情况后，都主动伸出援助之手。 After his friends heard about his family’s , they all helped him. 14．我比去年更自信了。(than) . 15．在我空闲的时间我喜欢阅读。 (in my spare time) . 16．维系一段友谊的关键是互相关心。(the key to) . 17．我经常喜欢和朋友们分享好的学习方法。(share... with) . 18．她的爱好和我的相似。(be similar to) . 19．我们应该始终友善地对待他人，无论他们是谁。(treat sb. with kindness) . 20．好朋友应该理解彼此。 (each other) 21．多亏了双减政策，我们的作业比以前少了。 the double reduction policy, our homework is less than before. 22．他比大多数的孩子更严肃。 He is most kids. 23．这些贝壳像彩虹一样色彩鲜艳。 The shells are rainbows. 24．这对双胞胎有很多共同之处。 The twins have . 25．在空闲时间里，我喜欢和爸爸下中国象棋。 I like playing Chinese chess with my father . 五、下面是五个人的问题和七则不同的建议, 请将问题和建议进行匹配。 1. Jack always gets into trouble and asks his friends for help. Soon his friends are all tired of him. 2. Jane is impatient. She doesn’t listen to her friends carefully. 3. Li Lei is too shy and quiet. He seldom goes out with others or takes part in any activities. 4. Kate likes to ask others about their personal things. She thinks there should be no secret between good friends. 5. Julie is very mean (小气的). She likes candy, but she never gives it to her friends. A．Go out with people and make friends with them. Develop some hobbies and join in more activities. B．Share things with your friends. No one wants to make friends with selfish (自私的) people. C． Be a good listener. All of us hope people are really interested in what we are saying. If you don’t care about your friends while they are talking, they will be unhappy with you. D．Be friendly to others. Everyone enjoys making friends with a kind person. E. Never try to ask about others’ private things. Everyone has their own secrets. You should respect your friends no matter how close you are. F. Try to solve the problems by yourself. Although friends should help each other, no one wants to be troubled by problems all the time. G. Helping others means to help yourself. If you never help others in need, of course you won’t get help from them. 六、选词填空 A similar    serious    plan    personality    spare 1．Her sweet and lively is very popular with her classmates. 2．I can truly understand your feeling because I had a experience to yours. 3．The little girl’s expression became a little when she listened to the story. 4．I an hour to prepare for the important test last night. 5．They spent a lot of time for the school sports meeting. B novel    opinion    humour    interest    go    besides    good 6．In my , nothing is more valuable than friendship. 7．Journey to the West is one of the greatest in China. 8．Miss Tang has a good sense of . She always makes us laugh in class. 9．I can always find something to read in the book corner. 10．I read books every day to make myself and learn more about the world. 七、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 My name is Julia. I have a twin (双胞胎的) sister. Her name is Lisa. My hair is short, but she has 1 (long) hair than me. Many people think we must be similar to each other. In fact, 2 are many differences between us. Lisa is 3 (quiet) than me. When my parents’ friends come to our house, Lisa often sits on the sofa and says nothing. But I’d like to talk with them loudly. Lisa likes reading, drawing and cooking, but I enjoy playing volleyball, so she is not 4 good at sports as me. However, Lisa always gets 5 (good) grades than me at school, so my parents often say to me, “Although Lisa is 6 (young) than you, she is 7 (hard-working), and you should learn from her.” But 8 some ways we are the same. For example (例如), we both like going shopping and listening to music. I like my twin sister. I don’t think everyone is necessary( 必须的) 9 be the same. The differences between people make our life 10 (colorful). 6 / 6 7 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 重点词汇、词性转换、词义辨析、重难点句型（题型突破） 一、单项选择。 1．Yesterday, it took us half an hour to ________ the math problem. A．solve B．answer C．expect D．note 【答案】A 【详解】句意：昨天，我们花了半小时来解答这道数学题。 考查动词辨析。solve解决；answer回答；expect期待；note记录。根据“it took us half an hour to ... the math problem”可知，此处应指花了半小时来解答这道数学题。故选A。 2．Those who _______ the lecture were the students of Grade Two. A．attended B．joined C．took part in D．joined in 【答案】A 【详解】句意：听讲座的是二年级的学生。考查动词形式。A. attended出席，参见；B. joined加入某个组织，入党；C. took part in参见某项活动；D. joined in参见某活动。短语attend a lecture：听报告；结合句意可知答案是A。 3．I met her ___ in a crowded bus. A．by mistake B．on purpose C．by accident D．accident 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我在拥挤的公共汽车上意外遇到了她。A. by mistake出错；B. on purpose故意的；C. by accident意外；D. accident意外。根据题意，故选C。 4．The ________ man just lies in the bed all day and does nothing, so he is very poor. A．hard-working B．kind C．outgoing D．lazy 【答案】D 【详解】句意：那个懒惰的男人整天躺在床上什么也不做，所以他非常贫穷。 考查形容词辨析。hard-working努力工作的；kind好心的；outgoing外向的；lazy懒惰的。根据“ lies in the bed all day and does nothing”，整天躺在床上什么也不做，说明那个男人很懒惰。故选D。 5．—Can Lily and Lucy go to the movies this Friday? —No, they can’t. ________ of them have to study at home. A．Each B．All C．Both D．Either 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Lily和Lucy这周五可以去看电影吗？——不，她们不能。她们俩都得在家学习。 考查不定代词。Each每一个；All三者及以上都；Both两者都；Either两者中任意一个。根据“Lily and Lucy”可知，主语是两个人，且根据“No, they can’t.”可知，此处表示否定，说明她们俩都不能去看电影，都要在家学习，所以用Both，表示“两者都”。故选C。 6．This picture is very ________ that one. There are only a few differences. A．such as B．similar to C．across from D．the same as 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这张照片和那张照片很相似。只有一些不同之处。 考查短语辨析。such as例如；similar to与……相似；across from在对面；the same as与……相同。根据“There are only a few differences.”可知，只有一些不同之处，所以是很相似。故选B。 7．This picture is ________ from that one. Can you tell the ________ between them? A．different; differences B．differences; different C．different; different D．differences; differences 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这张图片与那张不同。你能告诉我它们之间的不同吗？ 考查词义辨析。different不同的，形容词；differences不同，可数名词；be different from表示“与……不同”，第一个空应填形容词different作表语，可排除BD选项；第二个空应填名词differences作动词宾语。故选A。 8．— I think John is very kind. — Yes. He always________ everything with other kids. A．reaches B．shares C．cares D．touches 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我认为比尔很善良。——是的。他经常和其他孩子分享一切。 考查动词辨析。reached触及；shares分享；cares关心；touches触摸。根据“Bill is very kind”可知，比尔善良，所以和其他孩子分享玩具。故选B。 9．—Your village is really beautiful! —Thank you. ________, all the villages here have taken on a new look. A．For example B．In fact C．First of all D．As soon as 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你的村庄真漂亮！——谢谢。事实上，这里所有的村庄都焕然一新。 考查短语辨析。For example例如；In fact事实上；First of all首先；As soon as一……就……。根据题干可知，后句是对前句的补充说明，表示事实上所有村庄都焕然一新，故选B。 10．Would you please help me get the kite back from the tree? I can’t ________ it. A．see B．arrive C．bring D．reach 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你能帮我把风筝从树上拿下来吗？我够不到。 考查动词词义辨析。see看见；arrive到达；bring带来；reach够到。根据“Would you please help me get the kite back from the tree?”可知，是表达“我够不到”。故选D。 11．Bill has a great sense of ________ and often makes people laugh. A．humour B．business C．pride D．direction 【答案】A 【详解】句意：比尔很有幽默感，他常常使人笑。 考查名词词义辨析。humour幽默；business生意；pride自豪感；direction方向。根据“makes people laugh”可知，他常常使人笑，所以是有幽默感。故选A。 12．When Sam ________ there, it was already midnight. A．arrived B．reached at C．arrived at D．got to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当Sam到达那里时，已经半夜了。 考查动词辨析。arrived到达；reached at错误表达，reach后直接跟名词，不加介词；arrived at到达；got to到达。there为副词，其前不加介词。故选A。 二、根据括号所给汉语提示及句意填空。 1．They will (参加) the business meeting tomorrow morning. 【答案】attend 【详解】句意：他们将参加明天上午的商务会议。attend“参加”，动词；will后用动词原形。故填attend。 2．Are you (认真)? You can’t just give up your job so soon. 【答案】serious 【详解】句意：你是认真的吗？你不能这么快就放弃工作。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填serious“认真的”，形容词作表语。故填serious。 3．Last term, I won the first (奖品) in the English dubbing competition. 【答案】prize 【详解】句意：上学期我在英语配音比赛中获得了一等奖。prize“奖品”，the first prize“第一名”。故填prize。 4．Lily, an (交流) student in America, found that so many products in the local shops were made in China. 【答案】exchange 【详解】句意：Lily，一个在美国的交换生，发现在本地商店如此多的产品是中国制造的。exchange交流，用作定语；an exchange student一个交换生。故填exchange。 5．We are going to have a welcome party for the (交换) students from London. 【答案】exchange 【详解】句意：我们打算为来自伦敦的交换生举办一个欢迎会。根据汉语提示可知，exchange“交换”，名词，exchange students“交换生”。故填exchange。 6．Don’t (触摸) the hot stove. You might get burned. 【答案】touch 【详解】句意：不要碰热炉子。你可能会被烧伤。touch“触摸”，由“Don’t...the hot stove”可知这是祈使句的否定形式，don’t后加动词原形。故填touch。 7．In (事实上), happiness is always around you if you put your heart into it. 【答案】fact 【详解】句意：事实上，只要你用心，幸福就在你身边。根据“In”可知，“事实上”in fact，介词短语。故填fact。 8． (幸亏，由于) Lily’s support, I got the courage to take part in the project. 【答案】Thanks to 【详解】句意：由于莉莉的支持，我才有勇气参加这个项目。根据句意和汉语提示可知，此处考查thanks to“幸亏，由于”，介词短语，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Thanks to。 9．— What does Lucy look like? — She is tall and (苗条的). 【答案】slim 【详解】句意：——露西长得什么样？——她又高又瘦。根据中文提示可知，苗条的：slim，形容词作表语。故填slim。 10．Gleaning helps (解决) the problems of farm waste and food shortages (短缺). 【答案】solve 【详解】句意：拾穗有助于解决农场浪费和粮食短缺问题。solve“解决”，help do sth.“帮助做某事”，动词应用原形。故填solve。 11．Tom has a good sense of (幽默). We all like him. 【答案】humour/humor 【详解】句意：汤姆很有幽默感。我们都喜欢他。幽默：humour/humor，不可数名词。故填humour/humor。 12．Kate isn’t very (外向的). She likes to stay at home and read. 【答案】outgoing 【详解】句意：Kate不外向。她喜欢待在家里读书。outgoing“外向的”，故填outgoing。 13．Lisa (期待) her brother to get the first prize in the coming English competition. 【答案】expects 【详解】句意：Lisa期待她的哥哥在即将到来的英语比赛中获得一等奖。根据“Lisa…(期待) her brother to get the first prize in the coming English competition.”可知，表达“期待”用动词expect，时态为一般现在时，主语Lisa是第三人称单数，动词用第三人称单数形式expects。故填expects。 14．The (银色的) car is much more expensive than the black one. 【答案】silver 【详解】句意：这辆银色的车比那辆黑色的车贵得多。silver“银色的”，形容词修饰名词car。故填silver。 15．My sixth (感觉) tells me that something good will happen． 【答案】sense 【详解】句意：我的第六感告诉我将有好事要发生。根据谓语tells是第三人称单数形式，故主语用第三人称单数形式，故填sense。 16．Sports news (使感兴趣) him the most. 【答案】interests 【详解】他最感兴趣的是体育新闻。结合汉语及首字母提示可知，interest“使……感兴趣”符合，且该句描述的一般事实，时态为一般现在时，主语“Sports news”表示单数概念，应用其对应的动词三单形式作谓语。故填interests。 17．That book is too high. I can’t (伸手够到) it. 【答案】r 【详解】句意：那本书太高了。我够不到。reach“伸手够到”，情态动词后加动词原形。故填reach。 18．Can you (比较) the differences between the two cultures? 【答案】compare 【详解】句意：你能比较一下这两种文化的差异吗？比较compare，动词，句中含有情态动词can，用原形，故填compare。 三、用所给的词的正确形式填空。 1．Lucy has changed a lot. When I met her five years ago, she was much (shy). 【答案】shyer/shier 【详解】句意：露西已经改变了很多。五年前我见到她时，她害羞得多。根据空前“was much” 可知，此处应用形容词shy的比较级shyer/shier，在句中作系动词“was”的表语。故填shyer/shier。 2．Her wonderful (perform) at the school art festival won praise from teachers and students. 【答案】performance 【详解】句意：她在学校艺术节上精彩的表演赢得了师生们的赞扬。wonderful“精彩的”是形容词，形容词修饰名词，perform是动词，其名词形式是performance“表演；演出”，在句中作主语；此处指艺术节上的一次表演，需用单数形式。故填performance。 3．Elsie usually asks her friend for a (solve) when she can’t figure out the puzzle. 【答案】solution 【详解】句意：当埃尔西想不出这个谜题时，她通常会向她的朋友寻求解决办法。根据“Elsie usually asks her friend for a...”可知，设空处应该填名词，solution“解决办法”，a接可数名词单数。故填solution。 4．Our school encourages students (develop) their own interests in different fields. 【答案】to develop 【详解】句意：我们学校鼓励学生在不同的领域发展他们自己的兴趣。encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”。故填to develop。 5． Besides (work) as a doctor, John also writes stories in his free time. 【答案】working 【详解】句意：除了做医生，约翰还在业余时间写故事。Besides为介词，其后跟动词的-ing形式，故填working。 6．He got first place in the English exam. I want to send my (congratulate) to him. 【答案】congratulations 【详解】句意：他在英语考试中得了第一名。我想向他表示祝贺。分析句子可知，此处应填名词，作宾语，congratulate的名词为“congratulation”，可数名词，表达祝福时常用形式“congratulations”，故填congratulations。 7．The twins are similar in (appear), but their characters are quite different. 【答案】appearance 【详解】句意：这对双胞胎外貌相似，但性格却截然不同。appear“出现”，是动词；空处作为介词in的宾语，用名词appearance“外貌”，是不可数名词，故填appearance。 8．Some people read for (please) and some people read for knowledge. 【答案】pleasure 【详解】句意：有些人为了快乐而读书，有些人为了知识而读书。介词for后接名词，please的名词形式是pleasure“快乐”，是不可数名词，故填pleasure。 9．I have mistaken Lucy for Lily many times, for they look so /əˈlaɪk/. 【答案】alike 【详解】句意：我多次把Lucy误认为Lily，因为她们看起来太相似了。根据音标可知，单词为形容词alike“相似的”，作表语。故填alike。 10．Eating (little) junk food and more vegetables is good for your health. 【答案】less 【详解】句意：少吃垃圾食品、多吃蔬菜对你的健康有好处。根据more vegetables可知，这里要用little的比较级less，意为“更少的”。故填less。 11．—Cindy, are you feeling better now? —No, Mum. I feel even (bad). 【答案】worse 【详解】句意：——辛迪，你现在觉得好点儿了吗？——没有，妈妈。我觉得更糟糕了。根据No和even可知，此处应填bad的比较级形式worse，意为“更糟糕”。故填worse。 12．There are (many) modern buildings in Shanghai than in Bangkok. 【答案】more 【详解】句意：上海的现代建筑比曼谷多。根据“than”可知，此处应用many的比较级形式more。故填more。 13．It was raining even (heavy) when you returned home yesterday. 【答案】more heavily 【详解】句意：昨天你回家的时候，雨下得甚至更大了。rain是动词，意思是“下雨”，需要用副词来修饰。heavy是形容词，副词形式是heavily；even常用来修饰比较级，强调程度的进一步加深；heavily是多音节副词，其比较级是more heavily，表示“更大程度地；更猛烈地”。故填more heavily。 14．—Can you give me some (意见) on hobbies? —Of course. 【答案】opinions 【详解】句意：——你能给我一些关于爱好的意见吗？——当然。opinion“意见，观点”，可数名词；some后加可数名词复数。故填opinions。 15．He is (诚实的) in his business with others. 【答案】honest 【详解】句意：他在生意上对别人是诚实的。honest“诚实的”，形容词作表语。故填honest。 16．The boy wanted to dress up as a (王子). 【答案】prince 【详解】句意：这个男孩想要打扮成一个王子。prince“王子”，为名词，前面有冠词a修饰，用单数形式。故填prince。 17．Sarah thinks that a good friend is sometimes like a (镜子). 【答案】mirror 【详解】句意：莎拉认为好朋友有时就像一面镜子。空格在不定冠词后，填单数可数名词；英语mirror意为“镜子”。故填mirror。 18．What’s the （人口）of Canada? 【答案】population 【详解】句意：加拿大的人口是多少？根据汉语提示可知，此空应填population“人口”，故填population。 19．I often use sunflowers as symbols of (力量). 【答案】strength 【详解】句意：我常常用向日葵来作为力量的象征。strength“力量”，为不可数名词，在此处作宾语。故填strength。 20．We should speak to the old as as possible, young man. (polite) 【答案】politely 【详解】句意：年轻人，我们应该尽可能礼貌地和老人说话。根据“speak to the old”可知，此处是修饰动词speak，应该用副词形式。“as + 副词原级 + as possible”表示“尽可能……”。故填politely。 21．I want to become as (success) as you. 【答案】successful 【详解】句意：我想变得和你一样成功。考查形容词作表语。空前“become”为系动词，因此名词“success”需要变为形容词“successful成功的”，作表语；as...as意为“和……一样”，中间为形容词或副词的原级形式。故填successful。 22．Yoga is not as (excite) as bungee jumping (蹦极). 【答案】exciting 【详解】句意：瑜伽不像蹦极那么刺激。根据“Yoga is not as…as”可知，设空处作表语，且考查“not as+形容词原级+as”结构，意为“不如……”，exciting“令人激动的”符合语境。故填exciting。 23．That girl wears nice clothes, but what she said makes her look even (ugly). 【答案】uglier 【详解】句意：那个女孩穿得很漂亮，但她说的话使她看起来更丑了。句子中“even”提示此处需用比较级，表示“更丑”。ugly的比较级是uglier。故填uglier。 24．Lisa won the singing competition because she sang (clearly) than the other singers. 【答案】more clearly 【详解】句意：丽莎赢得了歌唱比赛，因为她唱得比其他歌手更清晰。clearly清晰地，副词，修饰动词sang；根据句中than可知，此处应用副词的比较级more clearly。故填more clearly。 四、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1．恭喜你在今天的比赛中表现出色，这让我们都感到骄傲。 your excellent performance in today’s game, which makes us all proud. 【答案】 Congratulations on 【详解】对比中英文可知，空处表示“恭喜”，用介词短语congratulations on来表示。位于句首，首字母大写。故填Congratulations；on。 2．人工智能现在已到来, 它在很多方面影响我们。 AI is here now and it influences us . 【答案】 in many ways 【详解】对比中英文可知，此处缺少“在很多方面”，其英文表达为in many ways。故填in；many；ways。 5．不要害怕犯错误，你能从中学到很多。 Don’t be afraid of and you will a lot it. 【答案】 making a mistake learn from 【详解】对照中英文可知，缺少“犯错误”和“从……中学到……”。“犯错误”用动词短语make a mistake，位于介词“of”后，make用动名词形式的making；“从……中学到……”用动词短语learn sth from…，位于“will”后，learn用原形。故填making；a；mistake；learn；from。 4．他经常参加一些保护地球的活动。 He often some activities to protect the Earth. 【答案】 takes part in 【详解】该句时态为一般现在时，主语he是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式。“参加”take part in，take的三单形式为takes。故填takes；part；in。 5．他们虽然是兄弟，但他们没有共同之处。 They are brothers, but they . 【答案】 have nothing in common 【详解】没有共同之处：have nothing in common；根据“are”可知句子用一般现在时，主语是they，谓语动词用原形。故填have；nothing；in；common。 6．多亏了我老师的帮助，我才能通过这次考试。 my teacher’s help, I could pass the exam. 【答案】 Thanks to 【详解】“thanks to”是一个介词短语，意为“多亏……”，位于句首时首字母要大写。故填Thanks；to。 7．约翰害怕晚上出去。 John go out at night. 【答案】 is afraid to 【详解】be afraid to do sth“害怕做某事”，根据“at night”可知，此处用一般现在时，主语John是第三人称单数，谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填is；afraid；to。 8．父母给我们爱与温暖，我们也应该关心他们。 Parents give us love and warmth and we should also them. 【答案】 care about 【详解】根据汉语提示可知，空格处需填写care about“关心”，为动词短语；should为情态动词。后需跟动词原形。故填care；about。 9．当你把这本书和那本书作比较时，你会发现这本书更有趣。 When you this book that one, you’ll find this one more interesting. 【答案】 compare with 【详解】compare…with…“把……和……比较”，动词短语；when引导的时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时，主语是you，谓语动词用原形。故填compare；with。 10．在公交站我意外地遇见了她。 I met her at bus stop. 【答案】 by accident 【详解】结合中英文，所缺表达为：意外地，英文为：by accident。故填by；accident。 11．朋友说我和我姐姐相似。 My friends say that I my sister. 【答案】 am similar to 【详解】对照中英文可知，缺少“和……相似”，用形容词短语be similar to。描述事实用一般现在时，主语为“I”，be动词用am。故填am；similar；to。 12．这个城市的人口接近100万。 this city is close to a million. 【答案】 The population of 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，population“人口”，the population of表示“……的人口”。故填The；population；of。 13．他的朋友听说他家中的困难情况后，都主动伸出援助之手。 After his friends heard about his family’s , they all helped him. 【答案】 difficult situation 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处表达的意思是“困难情况”，故填difficult situation。 14．我比去年更自信了。(than) . 【答案】I am more confident than last year 【详解】根据汉语意思可知，为一般现在时的肯定句。I“我”，主语，句首首字母大写；am“是”，谓语；more confident“更自信的”，形容词的比较级，作表语；than“比”，介词；last year“去年”，作宾语。故填I am more confident than last year。 15．在我空闲的时间我喜欢阅读。 (in my spare time) . 【答案】I like reading in my spare time. 【详解】根据汉语意思可知，本句为一般现在时肯定句，主语为I，“我”；谓语为like，“喜欢”；宾语为reading，动名词作宾语；in my spare time“在我空闲的时间”，介词短语作状语，修饰谓语。故填I like reading in my spare time. 16．维系一段友谊的关键是互相关心。(the key to) . 【答案】The key to keeping a friendship is caring about each other. 【详解】根据题干和标点符号可知，本句为陈述句。the key to doing sth“做某事的关键”，keep a friendship“维系一段友谊”，care about“关心”，each other“彼此”，句子为一般现在时，the key to keeping a friendship作主语，be动词用is，care要用动名词形式caring。故填The key to keeping a friendship is caring about each other. 17．我经常喜欢和朋友们分享好的学习方法。(share... with) . 【答案】I often like sharing good learning methods with my friends 【详解】根据语境可知，该句时态为一般现在时。I“我”，作主语；often“经常”；like“喜欢”，谓语动词，后接动名词形式；share...with “和……分享”，动词短语；share的动名词形式为sharing；good learning methods “好的学习方法”；my friends“我的朋友”。故填 I often like sharing good learning methods with my friends。 18．她的爱好和我的相似。(be similar to) . 【答案】Her hobbies are similar to mine. 【详解】根据汉语意思可知，本句为一般现在时的肯定句。Her hobbies她的爱好，hobby是可数名词，这里用复数形式表示各类爱好，作主语，句首首字母大写；are是，be动词复数形式，作系动词；be similar to与……相似”，固定短语；mine我的，名词性物主代词，相当于my hobbies。故填Her hobbies are similar to mine. 19．我们应该始终友善地对待他人，无论他们是谁。(treat sb. with kindness) . 【答案】We should always treat others with kindness, no matter who they are 【详解】We“我们”，作主语；should“应该”，后接动词原形；always“总是”，频率副词；treat sb. with kindness“以友善方式对待某人”，动词短语；others“其他人”，作宾语；no matter who they are“无论他们是谁”，让步状语从句。故填We should always treat others with kindness, no matter who they are。 20．好朋友应该理解彼此。 (each other) 【答案】Good friends should understand each other. 【详解】根据汉语提示可知，句子是陈述句。good friends“好朋友”，作主语；should“应该”；understand“理解”，与should一起构成谓语，understand用动词原形；each other“彼此”。故填Good friends should understand each other. 21．多亏了双减政策，我们的作业比以前少了。 the double reduction policy, our homework is less than before. 【答案】 Thanks to 【详解】根据汉语提示可知，thanks to意为“幸亏，由于”，介词短语，句首首字母大写。故填Thanks；to。 22．他比大多数的孩子更严肃。 He is most kids. 【答案】 more serious than 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，“更严肃”表示比较级，对应英文结构“more+形容词+than”。serious“严肃的”。故填more；serious；than。 23．这些贝壳像彩虹一样色彩鲜艳。 The shells are rainbows. 【答案】 as colourful/colorful as 【详解】根据所给中文可知要翻译的是“像……一样色彩鲜艳”，用as...as结构表示同级比较，colourful/colorful“色彩鲜艳的”，故填as；colourful/colorful；as。 24．这对双胞胎有很多共同之处。 The twins have . 【答案】 a lot in common 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处表达的意思是“很多共同之处”。“有很多共同之处”常用短语“have a lot in common”，其中“a lot”表示“很多”，“in common”意为“共同的；共有的”，符合语境，故填a；lot；in；common。 25．在空闲时间里，我喜欢和爸爸下中国象棋。 I like playing Chinese chess with my father . 【答案】 in my spare/free time 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“在空闲时间里”。in one’s spare/free time意为“在某人空闲时间”，为固定用法。故填in；my；spare/free；time。 五、下面是五个人的问题和七则不同的建议, 请将问题和建议进行匹配。 1. Jack always gets into trouble and asks his friends for help. Soon his friends are all tired of him. 2. Jane is impatient. She doesn’t listen to her friends carefully. 3. Li Lei is too shy and quiet. He seldom goes out with others or takes part in any activities. 4. Kate likes to ask others about their personal things. She thinks there should be no secret between good friends. 5. Julie is very mean (小气的). She likes candy, but she never gives it to her friends. A．Go out with people and make friends with them. Develop some hobbies and join in more activities. B．Share things with your friends. No one wants to make friends with selfish (自私的) people. C． Be a good listener. All of us hope people are really interested in what we are saying. If you don’t care about your friends while they are talking, they will be unhappy with you. D．Be friendly to others. Everyone enjoys making friends with a kind person. E. Never try to ask about others’ private things. Everyone has their own secrets. You should respect your friends no matter how close you are. F. Try to solve the problems by yourself. Although friends should help each other, no one wants to be troubled by problems all the time. G. Helping others means to help yourself. If you never help others in need, of course you won’t get help from them. 【答案】1．F 2．C 3．A 4．E 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，列举了五个人在人际交往中存在的问题，并提供了七则建议，要求将问题与合适的建议进行匹配。 1．根据“Jack always gets into trouble and asks his friends for help. Soon his friends are all tired of him.”可知，杰克总是陷入麻烦并向朋友求助，导致朋友厌烦他。选项F“试着自己解决问题。虽然朋友应该互相帮助，但没有人愿意一直被问题困扰。”符合杰克需要改变总是依赖朋友解决问题这一状况，故选F。 2．根据“Jane is impatient. She doesn’t listen to her friends carefully.”可知，简没有耐心，不认真听朋友说话。选项C“做一个好的倾听者。我们所有人都希望人们真的对我们所说的话感兴趣。如果你在朋友说话时不在乎他们，他们会对你不满意。”针对简不认真倾听朋友的问题给出了建议，故选C。 3．根据“Li Lei is too shy and quiet. He seldom goes out with others or takes part in any activities.”可知，李雷太害羞安静，很少和别人出去或参加活动。选项A“和人们出去并和他们交朋友。培养一些爱好并参加更多活动。”符合李雷需要改变现状多出去社交的情况，故选A。 4．根据“Kate likes to ask others about their personal things. She thinks there should be no secret between good friends.”可知，凯特喜欢问别人私人事情。选项E“永远不要试图询问别人的私人事情。每个人都有自己的秘密。无论你们关系多亲密，你都应该尊重你的朋友。”针对凯特总问别人私事的问题给出了建议，故选E。 5．根据“Julie is very mean (小气的). She likes candy, but she never gives it to her friends.”可知，朱莉很小气，从不和朋友分享糖果。选项B“和你的朋友分享东西。没有人想和自私的人交朋友。”符合朱莉需要学会分享这一情况，故选B。 六、选词填空 A similar    serious    plan    personality    spare 1．Her sweet and lively is very popular with her classmates. 2．I can truly understand your feeling because I had a experience to yours. 3．The little girl’s expression became a little when she listened to the story. 4．I an hour to prepare for the important test last night. 5．They spent a lot of time for the school sports meeting. 【答案】1．personality 2．similar 3．serious 4．spared 5．planning 【解析】1．句意：她甜美活泼的性格很受同学们的欢迎。根据“Her sweet and lively...is very popular with her classmates”可知，此处需用名词作主语，性格受同学欢迎，“personality”意为“性格”，符合语境，故填personality。 2．句意：我能真正理解你的感受，因为我有过和你相似的经历。根据“I can truly understand your feeling”及“experience to yours”可知，相似的经历能让人理解对方感受，“similar”意为“相似的”，用形容词作定语修饰名词“experience”。故填similar。 3．句意：小女孩听故事时，表情变得有点严肃。根据“expression became a little...”可知，小女孩表情变得有点严肃，“serious”意为“严肃的”，故填serious。 4．句意：昨晚我抽出一个小时准备那场重要的考试。根据“an hour to prepare for the important test last night”可知，空处缺少谓语，时态是一般过去时，句子表示抽出时间准备考试，“spare”意为“抽出（时间等）”，过去式是“spared”。故填spared。 5．句意：他们花了很多时间为学校运动会做计划。根据“spent a lot of time...for the school sports meeting”可知，该句表示“花时间做计划”，“spend time doing sth”是固定短语，意思是“花时间做某事”，“plan”意为“计划”，“plan”的动名词是“planning”。故填planning。 B novel    opinion    humour    interest    go    besides    good 6．In my , nothing is more valuable than friendship. 7．Journey to the West is one of the greatest in China. 8．Miss Tang has a good sense of . She always makes us laugh in class. 9．I can always find something to read in the book corner. 10．I read books every day to make myself and learn more about the world. 【答案】6．opinion 7．novels 8．humour 9．interesting 10．better 【解析】6．句意：在我看来，没有什么比友谊更有价值了。根据“In my …”和备选词汇可知，此处考查in one’s opinion“在某人看来”，介词短语。故填opinion。 7．句意：《西游记》是中国最伟大的小说之一。根据“Journey to the West”和备选词汇可知，此处是指《西游记》是一部中国古典小说；考查novel“小说”，名词；one of the +形容词最高级+可数名词的复数形式“最……之一”，固定搭配，所以这里应用“novel”的复数形式novels。故填novels。 8．句意：唐老师有很好的幽默感。她在课堂上总是能逗得我们哈哈大笑。根据下文“She always makes us laugh in class.”和备选词汇可知，她总是让大家在课堂上发笑，所以此处是指她有幽默感；考查a sense of humour“幽默感”，固定搭配，其中humour“幽默”，不可数名词。故填humour。 9．句意：我总能在图书角找到一些有趣的东西来读。根据“something … to read”和备选词汇可知，此处是指一些值得阅读的有趣内容，应用interest的形容词形式interesting“有趣的”，在句中作后置定语，修饰“something”。故填interesting。 0．句意：我每天都读书是为了让自己变得更好，更多地了解世界。根据下文“learn more about the world”和备选词汇可知，更多地了解世界，所以此处是指让自己变得更好 (隐含与过去的自己对比)，应用形容词good的比较级better。故填better。 七、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 My name is Julia. I have a twin (双胞胎的) sister. Her name is Lisa. My hair is short, but she has 1 (long) hair than me. Many people think we must be similar to each other. In fact, 2 are many differences between us. Lisa is 3 (quiet) than me. When my parents’ friends come to our house, Lisa often sits on the sofa and says nothing. But I’d like to talk with them loudly. Lisa likes reading, drawing and cooking, but I enjoy playing volleyball, so she is not 4 good at sports as me. However, Lisa always gets 5 (good) grades than me at school, so my parents often say to me, “Although Lisa is 6 (young) than you, she is 7 (hard-working), and you should learn from her.” But 8 some ways we are the same. For example (例如), we both like going shopping and listening to music. I like my twin sister. I don’t think everyone is necessary( 必须的) 9 be the same. The differences between people make our life 10 (colorful). 【答案】 1．longer 2．there 3．quieter 4．as 5．better 6．younger 7．more hard-working 8．in 9．to 10．more colorful 【导语】本文主要介绍了我和双胞胎妹妹的外貌、性格特点及不同之处。 1．句意：我的头发很短，但她的头发比我的长。根据“than”一词可知，空处需比较级，long“长的”的比较级为longer。故填longer。 2．句意：事实上，我们之间有很多不同。根据“...are many differences between us.”可知，空处考查there be句型，故填there。 3．句意：Lisa比我安静。根据句中“than”一词可知，空处需比较级。quiet“安静的”的比较级为quieter。故填quieter。 4．句意：Lisa喜欢读书、画画和烹饪，但我喜欢打排球，所以她在运动方面不如我好。根据“...good at sports as me.”可知，考查as...as...用法，表示“和……一样”，故填as。 5．句意：然而，Lisa在学校比我成绩更好，所以我父母经常对我说，“虽然Lisa比你小，但她更勤奋，你应该向她学”。根据“than”一词可知，空处需用good的比较级better。故填better。 6．句意：然而，Lisa在学校比我成绩更好，所以我父母经常对我说，“虽然Lisa比你小，但她更勤奋，你应该向她学”。根据“than”一词可知，空处需young的比较级younger。故填younger。 7．句意：然而，Lisa在学校比我成绩更好，所以我父母经常对我说，“虽然Lisa比你小，但她更勤奋，你应该向她学”。根据“ ...(young) than you”可知，空处是两者比较，需比较级，hard-working“勤奋的”的比较级为more hard-working。故填more hard-working。 8．句意：但在某些方面，我们是相同的。in some ways表示“在某些方面”，为固定搭配。故填in。 9．句意：我认为并不需要每个人都是一样的。根据“I don’t think everyone is necessary( 必须的)...be the same.”可知，空处需动词不定式to be，be动词已给出，故填to。 10．句意：人们之间的差异使我们的生活更加丰富多彩。根据句意可知，空处含比较意味，需colorful“丰富多彩的”的比较级more colorful。故填more colorful。 14 / 17 13 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$