2026届高考英语一轮复习外刊精读与练习 Day 12 大自然正在从我们的书本和生活中消失 导学案

Human connection to nature has declined 60% in 200 years, study finds

大自然正在从我们的书本和生活中消失

词数：330

Article

Main idea

Since 1800, people’s feeling of closeness to nature has dropped by more than 60%. A surprising clue to this loss comes from books: words like river, moss and blossom have been used less and less, matching the decline almost line for line. Professor Miles Richardson of Derby University created a computer model that followed this trend for 220 years. The model looked at city growth, the fall in local wildlife and, most importantly, parents no longer sharing their love of nature with their children.

提出“猫狗吃草”这一看似矛盾的现象，引出全文讨论的核心问题——原因何在。

The study, published in the journal Earth, warns that the “extinction of experience” will continue unless society acts quickly. Simply asking adults to spend more time outside is not enough; programmes such as #30DaysWild may lift mood, but they do not stop the long-term slide. Instead, the model shows that two actions are far more powerful: giving very young children regular contact with nature, for example through forest school nurseries, and making cities much greener.

列举并简要评价“自我药疗”（缓解胃部不适）假说，指出数据不支持。

论证方法：引用2008年大样本调查与2021年两项猫研究，用数据反驳因果假设。
文章逻辑：先立后驳，削弱传统观点的合理性。

Richardson was shocked by how large these changes must be. A city may have to become ten times greener, not just 30 % greener, to turn the trend around. Yet the goal may be within reach. People in Sheffield now spend only four minutes and thirty-six seconds in nature each day; raising this to about forty minutes could be sufficient.

段落大意：讨论“机械清理”假说（排毛球、驱虫），并用研究结果削弱其说服力。

There is even a hint of hope in culture. After 1990, nature words in books stopped falling and have partly returned. Whether this signals a true eco-awareness or just a fashion is still unclear, but it shows that recovery is possible if society chooses transformation over small fixes.

段落大意：提出“微量元素”假说，随即以营养学共识否定其必要性。
论证方法：提出假设→专家引语→因果否定（因饮食已均衡）。
文章逻辑：快速扫描第三种解释，进一步缩小可能范围。

【基础版试题（≈90分学生，900-1000L）】

1. What does the study mainly tell us?
   A. Books are losing readers quickly.
   B. People feel less connected to nature than before.
   C. Wildlife is moving away from cities.
   D. Parents read fewer stories to their children.
2. Why did the researchers look at words in books?
   A. To show how language has changed.
   B. To measure people’s loss of connection to nature.
   C. To find new writers for nature stories.
   D. To study spelling mistakes.
3. According to the model, which action best stops the loss of nature connection?
   A. Holding a one-day outdoor festival.
   B. Building more shopping centres.
   C. Starting nature education in early childhood.
   D. Giving adults free gym passes.
4. What surprised Professor Richardson?
   A. The size of change needed to reverse the trend.
   B. The number of new nature books.
   C. The speed of city growth.
   D. The cost of forest schools.
5. What does the increase of nature words after 1990 suggest?
   A. The problem is already solved.
   B. There may be hope for a cultural shift.
   C. Children read more than adults.
   D. Computers make better predictions.

【答案与解析】

1. B
   定位句：Since 1800, people’s feeling of closeness to nature has dropped by more than 60%.
    

同义替换：feeling of closeness → connection
干扰项错因：A、C、D 均为文中细节，非主旨。

2. B
   定位句：words like river… have been used less and less, matching the decline almost line for line.
   同义替换：matching the decline → measure people’s loss of connection
   干扰项错因：A、C、D 均与目的无关。
3. C
   定位句：two actions are far more powerful… giving very young children regular contact with nature…
   同义替换：very young children → early childhood
   干扰项错因：A、B、D 未出现在有效措施列表中。
4. A
   定位句：Richardson was shocked by how large these changes must be.
   同义替换：shocked → surprised；how large → the size of change needed
   干扰项错因：B、C、D 与“惊讶”内容不符。
5. B
   定位句：There is even a hint of hope in culture… Whether this signals a true eco-awareness… recovery is possible.
   同义替换：hint of hope → may be hope
   干扰项错因：A 夸大结果；C、D 与推断无关。

【提高版试题（≈130分学生，1100-1300L）】

1. Which of the following best conveys the central argument of the passage?
   A. Linguistic trends in literature can reliably forecast ecological collapse.
   B. Reversing the erosion of nature connectedness demands systemic, long-term societal transformation.
   C. Urbanisation is the sole driver of our diminishing relationship with wildlife.
   D. Charitable campaigns have successfully reversed generational disengagement from nature.
2. The author’s discussion of the Sheffield data serves primarily to
   A. ridicule the city’s poor urban planning.
   B. quantify how modest increases in outdoor time could yield significant gains.
   C. highlight the excessive demands of environmentalists.
   D. argue that forty minutes is the scientifically optimal daily dose of nature.
3. What can be inferred about the effectiveness of forest school nurseries within Richardson’s model?
   A. They outperform adult-oriented programmes because they intercept the problem at its intergenerational root.
   B. They function mainly as temporary mood enhancers similar to #30DaysWild.
   C. They depend on parents already possessing strong ecological literacy.