焦点 19 一般过去时【讲练结合】-备考2026年中考英语新课标（核心素养）同步大师课堂之语法知识统统过（全国通用）

焦点19 一般过去时 备考2026年中考英语新课标（核心素养）同步大师课堂之语法知识统统过 一、定义 1、表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last night, in 1990, two days ago等。 I got up at 6:30 yesterday. 我昨天6:30起床。【动作】 She was at home last night. 她昨天晚上在家。【状态】 在英语语法中，“时“指 动作 发生的时间，”态“指动作的样子和 状态 。 2、表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和often, always等表示频度的时间状语连用。 He always went to work by bus last year. 去年他一直乘公共汽车上班。 二、判断标志 1. 与ago连用的时间状语如：a moment ago, two minutes ago, six months ago, one week ago… 等 We were primary students 5 years ago. 五年前我们是小学生。 2. 与last 连用的时间状语last week, last year, last month, last day… He suddenly fell ill last night. 他昨晚突然病倒了。 3. 与 yesterday 连用的时间状语yesterday morning, yesterday morning … We weren't late yesterday. 我们昨天没迟到. ※the day before yesterday 昨天 4. 与 one 连用的时间状语 one morning 某个早上， one evening 某个夜晚 5. 与that连用的时间状语 that day, that morning, that year… 6. 其他时间状语 just now 刚刚 in the old days 在过去in 1980 at that time在那时 三、构成 含有be动词的一般过去时的主结构：主语+was/were+表语 1、肯定句：主语+was/were+表语。 I was an English teacher one year ago. 一年前我是一名英语老师。 2、否定句：主语+was/were+not+表语。 I wasn't an English teacher one year ago. 一年前我不是一名英语老师。 3、一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+表语。 Were you an English teacher one year ago? 一年前你是一名英语老师吗? 4、疑问词+was/were+主语+其它? What were you one year ago? 一年前你是做什么的? 【注意】 ①主语为第一人称单数或第三人称单数时，用was,其它人称一律用were. ②变成否定句时，只需在was/were后直接加not就行了。 ③变成一般疑问句时，只需把was/were提到主语前面即可。 ④变成特殊疑问句时，一般是特殊疑问词后加一般疑问句，如果特殊疑问词是who，不用改变原句的语序。 His father was very busy last week.→How was his father last week? (先选特殊疑问词how,然后把剩下的部分变成一般疑问句语序，即把His father was last week变成was his father last week) His father was very busy last week.(画线提问)→Who was very busy week? (只需用特殊疑问词who替换掉原句中的主语his father即可，不必考虑其它方面。) 四、含有实义动词(行为动词)的一般过去时的主结构：主语+动词的过去时+其它 1、肯定句：主语+动词的过去时+其它。 I bought a yellow dress yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午我买了一条黄裙子。 2. 否定句：主语+did+not+动词原形+其他【did not 缩写didn't】 I didn't buy a yellow dress yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午我没买一条黄裙子。 3.一般疑问句：Did+主要+动词原形+其他? Did you buy a yellow dress yesterday afternoon? 昨天下午你买了一条黄裙子吗? 4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句+did+主要+动词原形+其他? When did you buy a yellow dress? 你什么时候买了一条黄裙子? 【注意】 ①谓语动词为实义动词时，不受主语限制，用对动词的过去时形式就可以。 ②不论主语是什么人称，在变成否定句时，只需在主语与谓语动词之间加上didn’t,并把后面的谓语动词由过去时形式变成动词原形。 ③在变成一般疑问句时，只需在原句前加上助动词did，并把后面的谓语动词由过去时形式变成动词原形。 ④在变成特殊疑问句时，除了提问句子的主语不用更改原句的语序，提问其它成分要把原句变成一般疑问句语序。 He played basketball yesterday.(画线提问)→Who played basketball yesterday .(提问句子的主语，只需用who替换原句中的主语he即可。) He played basketball yesterday.(画线提问)→What did he play yesterday? (提问句子的宾语，用特殊疑问词what,然后把剩下的部分变成一般疑问句语序，即把He played yesterday变成did he play yesterday) 五、动词过去式的变化规则 (一)系动词be 的过去式有两种形式：was 和were。其中was 是am和is的过去式，were 是are的过去式。 (二)实义动词(行为动词)的过去时分规则动词的过去时和不规则动词的过去时的两种。 规则动词的过去时变化规则 (1) 一般在动词后加-ed。 play—played, offer—offered, weigh—weighed,Destroy— destroyed, sign—signed. (2) 在以字母e结尾的动词后，只加-d。 like—liked, provide—provided, hate — hated, date—dated。 (3) 在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后，则改y为i，再加ed。 supply—supplied, fly—flied, study— studied. (4) 在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed。 plan—planned, refer—referred, regret—regretted, ban—banned. ★重读闭音节三要素： 1)一个元音字母后跟一个或几个辅音字母 2)以一个辅音音素结尾; 3)元音字母发短元音。 ★长元音 ：[i:][ə:][a:][ɔ:][u:] 短元音 ：[e] [i] [ʌ] [æ][ə][ɔ][u] 【注意】规则动词的过去式构成方法可用以下口诀来记忆： 过去式构成有规律，一般词尾加—ed 如果词尾有个e(不发音的)，只需直接加上—d 。 “辅音字母+y ”在词尾，变y为i加—ed 。 “一辅重闭”作尾巴，双写之后加—ed 。 不规则动词的过去时需单独记忆，详见文章末尾。 六、基本用法 1. 表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态(与现在无关) 。常与yesterday, last week, in 1989, just now, a moment ago, the other day等过去具体时间状语连用。 He was here just now. 他刚才还在这里。 What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么事? 2. 在过去一段时间内的经常性或习惯性动作。 We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。 注：表示过去经常发生的动作还可用used to 和would。 He used to smoke a lot, but he doesn’t now. 他过去经常抽烟，但现在不抽了。 Whenever we were in trouble, he would help us. 每当我们遇到困难，他都会帮助我们。 3. 表示主语过去的特征或性格。 At that time she was very good at English. 那时她英语学得很好。 4. 一般过去时有时可以表示现在，多与 want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等动词连用，使语气更委婉。 I wondered if you could help me. 不知你能不能帮我一下。 5. 有时用一般过去时也是时态一致的需要。 I didn’t know you were here. 没想到你在这里。 【注意】 1. 表示一系列的动作，尽管有先后，都用一般过去时，最后两个动词之间用and连结。 He opened the door, rushed out and then disappeared. 他打开门，冲了出去，然后就消失了。 2. 注意在语境中理解“我刚才/原来还不……”。 —Your phone number again? I didn’t quite catch it. 请再说一次你的电话号码，好吗?我刚才没听清楚。 使用口诀 一般过去时并不难，过去动作、状态记心间。 动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站。 否定句很简单，didn't 站在动原前，其它部分不要变。 一般疑问句也好变，did放在句子前，主语、动原、其它部分依次站。 特殊疑问句也简单，疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。 最后一条请注意，动词过去式要牢记! 1．The local government ________ a special library last year to encourage children to read. A．find B．founded C．build D．found 【答案】B 【难度】0.4 【知识点】build、find(found found)、found、动词辨析、过去式变化规则、过去发生的动作/状态 【详解】句意：当地政府去年建立了一个特殊的图书馆来鼓励孩子们阅读。 考查动词辨析。find发现，动词原形；founded创办，建立，过去式；build建造，动词原形；found发现，过去式。根据“The local government...a special library”并结合选项可知此处指“建立图书馆”, 由last year可知句子用一般过去时，founded符合语境。故选B。 2．My brother ________ TV every night, but last night he ________ a book. A．watches; reads B．watch; read C．watches; read D．watched; read 【答案】C 【难度】0.4 【知识点】“三单"形式的变化规则、过去发生的动作/状态 【详解】句意：我弟弟每天晚上看电视，但昨晚他读了一本书。 考查时态。根据“every night”可知第一个句子用一般现在时，主语是My brother，谓语动词用单三watches；根据“last night”可知第二个句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式read。故选C。 3．—________ you ________ the movie Ne Zha 2 yet? —Yes. I ________ it with Jason the other day. A．Have; watched; watched B．Did; watch; watched C．Have; watched; have watched D．Did; watch; have watched 【答案】A 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去发生的动作/状态、表示影响（动作已完成） 【详解】句意：——你看过电影《哪吒2》吗？——是的。前几天我和杰森一起看的。 考查动词的时态。根据“...you...the movie Ne Zha 2 yet?”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，其谓语部分结构为：have/has done。在疑问句中需要将助动词“have”提到主语“you”之前，watch“看”，其过去分词“watched”符合语境；根据“I...it with Jason the other day.”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词应为动词过去式。故选A。 4．I ________ go running a lot in the past, but now I seldom run. A．use to B．used to C．didn’t use to D．didn’t used to 【答案】B 【难度】0.4 【知识点】used to do sth. 【详解】句意：我过去经常跑步，但现在很少跑了。 考查used to的用法。use to搭配错误；used to过去经常；didn’t use to过去不常；didn’t used to搭配错误。根据“but now I seldom run.”可知，我过去经常跑步。故选B。 5．He ________ up early and he is used to getting up early now. A．use to get B．used to get C．used to getting D．use to getting 【答案】B 【难度】0.4 【知识点】be used to do sth.、used to do sth. 【详解】句意：他过去常常早起，现在也习惯早起了。 考查时态。“used to + 动词原形”意为“过去常常做某事”，表示过去的习惯或状态；“be used to + 名词/动名词”意为“习惯于某事”，强调现在的习惯。根据“he is used to getting up early now.”可知空处强调过去的习惯。故选B。 6．—How ______ your weekend, Andy? —I went to Fangte Amusement Park in Mianyang and took many photos there. A．did B．does C．is D．was 【答案】D 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去发生的动作/状态 【详解】句意：——安迪，你的周末过得怎么样？——我去了绵阳的方特游乐园，还在那里拍了很多照片。 考查一般过去时。根据答句“I went to Fangte Amusement Park in Mianyang and took many photos there.”可知，问句询问的是过去发生的事情，排除B、C；如果使用“did”，通常需接动作动词，排除A。故选D。 7．John usually ________ to the Central Park on weekends, but he ________ his uncle last weekend. A．went; visited B．went; visits C．goes; visits D．goes; visited 【答案】D 【难度】0.4 【知识点】表示经常性动作/状态、过去发生的动作/状态 【详解】句意：约翰通常周末去中央公园，但上周末他去看望了他的叔叔。 考查一般现在时和一般过去时的用法。前半句“usually”表明是习惯性动作，用一般现在时；后半句“last weekend”表明是过去动作，用一般过去时。故选D。 8．After hearing what Mr Lee said, Gina ________ she was wrong and said sorry. A．guessed B．saved C．followed D．realized 【答案】D 【难度】0.4 【知识点】动词辨析、过去发生的动作/状态 【详解】句意：听了李先生的话后，吉娜意识到自己错了并道了歉。 考查动词辨析。guessed猜测；saved拯救；followed跟随；realized意识到。根据“she was wrong and said sorry”可知，是意识到错误并且及时道歉。故选D。 9．There used to _________ no schools in the village in the past, but now there _________ two. A．had; have B．have; have C．were; are D．be; are 【答案】D 【难度】0.4 【知识点】used to do sth.、There be、used to do sth. 【详解】句意：过去这个村子里没有学校，但现在有两所。 考查There be句型。根据“in the past”可知，用“there used to be”结构，“used to”后接原形“be”；后半句根据“now”可知，用一般现在时，主语为复数“two（schools）”，因此用“are”。故选D。 10．—Peter, did you play table tennis with your friends after school yesterday? —No, I didn’t. We ________ vegetables in our school garden. A．water B．have watered C．watered D．are going to water 【答案】C 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去发生的动作/状态 【详解】句意：——彼得，你昨天放学后和朋友们打乒乓球了吗？——不，我没有。我们在学校花园里浇了蔬菜。 考查动词时态。根据“after school yesterday”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应为一般过去时，谓语动词用其过去式。故选C。 11．Last year my uncle ________ some tomatoes on the farm. A．grew B．will grow C．is growing D．grows 【答案】A 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去式变化规则、过去发生的动作/状态 【详解】句意：去年我叔叔在农场种了一些西红柿。 考查动词时态辨析。根据句中的时间状语“Last year”可知，句子应使用一般过去时，动词需用过去式，grow意为“种植”，过去式是“grew”，故选A。 12．I went to the library straight after class. I ________ only two minutes on the way. A．spend B．spent C．is spending D．spends 【答案】B 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去式变化规则、过去发生的动作/状态 【详解】句意：下课后我直接去了图书馆。我在路上只花了两分钟。 考查一般过去时。spend花费，动词原形；spent花费，过去式；is spending现在进行时；spends花费，第三人称单数。根据前一句“I went to the library straight after class.”可知，时态为一般过去时，所以此处应该填入spend的过去式spent，作谓语。故选B。 13．Helen ________ late for school yesterday because something was wrong with her bike on her way to school. A．arrives B．arrived C．is arriving D．will arrive 【答案】B 【难度】0.4 【知识点】will、过去发生的动作/状态 【详解】句意：海伦昨天上学迟到了，因为在她上学的路上自行车出了问题。 考查动词时态。arrives到达，一般现在时的单三形式；arrived到达，一般过去时的过去式；is arriving到达，现在进行时；will arrive将到达，一般将来时。根据“yesterday”可知，本句时态用一般过去时，此处应用过去式arrived。故选B。 14．He ________ a cold last week, so the doctor asked him to stay at home. A．catches B．has caught C．caught D．will catch 【答案】C 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去发生的动作/状态 【详解】句意：上周，他感冒了，所以医生让他待在家里。 考查动词时态。catches患，catch的第三人称单数形式，用于一般现在时；has caught已经患，现在完成时；caught患了，catch的过去式，用于一般过去时；will catch将要患，一般将来时。根据“last week”可知，这是表示过去的时间状语，句子时态应用一般过去时，所以用caught。故选C。 15．They ________ for the English test last night. A．study B．studies C．studied D．are studying 【答案】C 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去式变化规则、过去发生的动作/状态 【详解】句意：昨晚他们为英语考试学习。 考查一般过去时。根据“last night”可知，表明动作发生在过去，需用过去式 “studied”。故选C。 16．—________ Peter ________ his friends on the Dragon Boat Festival? —No, he visited his grandparents instead. A．Did; visited B．Does; visit C．Did; visit D．Does; visited 【答案】C 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去发生的动作/状态、助动词do 【详解】句意：——彼得在端午节拜访了他的朋友吗？——没有，相反，他去看望他的祖父母了。 考查助动词do及时态。根据“No, he visited his grandparents instead.”可知，此处指过去的事情，句子时态为一般过去时，第一个空用Did，后接动词原形。故选C。 17．—What do you think of Na Zha 2? —Wonderful! I ________ Na Zha 1 in 2019 and was amazed. This one is even better. A．watched B．watch C．has watched D．have watched 【答案】A 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去发生的动作/状态 【详解】句意：——你觉得《哪吒 2》怎么样？——太棒了！我在2019年看了《哪吒 1》，当时就很震撼。这部甚至更好。 考查一般过去时态。watched动词过去式；watch动词原形；has watched现在完成时，第三人称单数；have watched现在完成时。根据“—What do you think of Na Zha 2? —Wonderful! I...Na Zha I in 2019 and was amazed. This one is even better.”可知，句中“in 2019”表明句子时态是一般过去时态，因此谓语动词时态过去式，故选A。 18．There ________ a football match on TV yesterday. A．has B．is C．had D．was 【答案】D 【难度】0.4 【知识点】has、is、was、There be、过去发生的动作/状态 【详解】句意：昨天电视上有一场足球比赛。 考查there be句型及时态。has有；is系动词单数；had有；was系动词过去式。there be句型表示“有……”，不能与have/has混用，排除A、C；根据“yesterday”可知，时态为一般过去时，主语a football match是单数，be动词用was。故选D。 19．My parents and I ________ trees last Sunday. A．plant B．will plant C．are planting D．planted 【答案】D 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去发生的动作/状态 【详解】句意：我和父母上周日种了树。 考查动词时态辨析。plant种植，动词原形，一般现在时；will plant一般将来时；are planting现在进行时；planted动词过去式，一般过去时。根据句中的时间状语“last Sunday”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，故选D。 20．My grandparents used to ________ in a small village, so now they aren’t used to ________ in the big city. A．live; living B．live; live C．living; live D．living; living 【答案】A 【难度】0.4 【知识点】be used to sth.、used to do sth.、动词短语、used to do sth. 【详解】句意：我的祖父母过去住在一个小村庄里，所以现在他们不习惯住在大城市里。 考查动词短语。根据“My grandparents used to...in the big city.”可知，used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”，空一应用动词原形live；be used to doing sth.表示“习惯做某事”，空二应用动名词living。故选A。 1．（2025·天津·中考真题）The mobile phone ________ when I was making a cake with my mother. A．rang B．rings C．is ringing D．is going to ring 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我和妈妈正在做蛋糕时，手机响了。 考查动词的时态。根据“when I was making a cake with my mother”可知，此处强调正在做某事时突然发生另一件事，即我和妈妈正在做蛋糕时，手机响了，此处主句动作“响”表示过去某一时刻发生的短暂动作，故应用一般过去时rang。故选A。 2．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）On the Dragon Boat Festival, my mother cooked delicious zongzi and ________ them on the plate. A．laid B．lay C．lain 【答案】A 【详解】句意：端午节，我妈妈做了美味的粽子，把它们摆放在盘子里。 考查动词辨析和时态。laid摆放，lay的过去式；lay平躺，lie的过去式/放置，动词原形；lain躺下，lie的过去分词。根据“them on the plate”可知是把粽子摆放在盘子里，根据“cooked”可知句子用一般过去时，故用lay的过去式laid。故选A。 3．（2025·福建·中考真题）China’s Beijing Library ________ “Public Library of the Year” in 2024. A．named B．was named C．will be named 【答案】B 【详解】句意：中国的北京图书馆在 2024 年荣获“年度公共图书馆”称号。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。本句主语是动作的承受者，结合“in 2024”可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。 4．（2025·江西·中考真题）—I hear that Jingdezhen Porcelain (瓷器) ______ in Paris last month. —Wow! Good news. A．shows B．has shown C．is shown D．was shown 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我听说景德镇瓷器上个月在巴黎展出。——哇！好消息。 考查动词时态和语态。根据“last month”可知，动作发生在过去，且主语“Jingdezhen Porcelain”与动词之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态（was/were done）。故选D。 5．（2025·四川成都·中考真题）In April, some planarians (涡虫) ________ into China’s space station for scientific research. A．were taken B．took C．were taking 【答案】A 【详解】句意：四月，一些涡虫被带到中国空间站进行科学研究。 考查时态和语态。主语some planarians和动词短语take into之间是被动关系，根据“In April”可知句子用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选A。 1．（2025·福建厦门·二模）— I haven’t seen you for a long time. Mr. Wang. — Yes. I ________ as a volunteer teacher in Ningxia for two years. I just came back. A．work B．worked C．have worked 【答案】B 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去发生的动作/状态 【详解】句意：——王老师，我好久没见到你了。——是的。我在宁夏当志愿老师两年。我刚回来。 考查动词时态。根据“I just came back.”可知，王老师上个月刚回来，在宁夏做了两年的志愿者老师只表示过去发生的动作，没有持续到现在，没有强调对现在产生的影响，用一般过去时。故选B。 2．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模）—Jack, when ________ you ________ this novel? —I have had it for five months. A．have; bought B．have; had C．did; buy 【答案】C 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去发生的动作/状态 【详解】句意：——Jack，你什么时候买的这本小说？——我拥有它五个月了。 考查动词时态。根据“I have had it for five months.”可知，此处表示“拥有小说”这个状态持续了五个月，问句应该问的是什么时候买了小说，buy是短暂性动作，强调动作发生的时间，要用一般过去时，一般过去时的特殊疑问句结构为“特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他”，第一空要用did，第二空要用buy。故选C。 3．（2025·黑龙江佳木斯·三模）He ________ to school by bike, but now he ________ to school on foot. A．used to go; is used to go B．used to go; is used to going C．is used to go; used to go D．is used to going; used to go 【答案】B 【难度】0.4 【知识点】be used to sth.、动词短语、used to do sth. 【详解】句意：他过去骑自行车上学，但现在他习惯了步行上学。 考查动词短语。used to do sth过去常常做某事；be used to doing sth习惯做某事。根据“He…to school by bike”可知，第一空表示过去的习惯，填used to go；根据“but now he…to school on foot.”可知，第二空表示现在的习惯，为一般现在时，主语是“he”，动词填三单形式，第二空填is used to going。故选B。 4．（2025·广东汕头·一模）—Grandpa, the trip to Shanghai Disneyland Park was exciting but a little tiring. —Oh, could you tell me ________? A．what you did in the trip B．that you saw something beautiful C．how you go there D．if your friends had played with you 【答案】A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】过去发生的动作/状态、what引导宾语从句 【详解】句意：——爷爷，上海迪士尼乐园之旅很刺激但有点累。——哦，你能告诉我你在旅途中做了什么吗？ 考查宾语从句。根据“could you tell me”可知，爷爷是在询问信息，而不是确认事实，不能用that引导的陈述句从句，排除选项B；根据“the trip to Shanghai Disneyland Park was exciting”可知，题干描述的是过去事件，从句不能用一般现在时“go”，应改为过去时went，排除选项C；根据“the trip to Shanghai Disneyland Park”可知，询问的内容应与旅行有关，排除选项D。故选A。 5．（2025·福建厦门·二模）—Alice, your book report for Jane Eyre is due tomorrow! —Don’t worry, Mom. I _________ it last night. A．finished B．was finishing C．have finished 【答案】A 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去发生的动作/状态 【详解】句意：——爱丽丝，你关于《简·爱》的读书报告明天就要交了！——别担心，妈妈。我昨晚就完成它了。   考查一般过去时。根据“last night”可知，此句时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式finished。故选A。 6．（2025·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）—When _______ you _______ here? —Two days ago. A．did, come B．have, come C．will, come 【答案】A 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去发生的动作/状态 【详解】句意：——你什么时候来这里的？——两天前。 考查动词的时态。根据“Two days ago”可知，动作发生在过去，故时态需用一般过去时，即第一空应用did，其后再接动词应用动词原形。故选A。 7．（2025·江苏泰州·二模）—________ you ________ the “Rural Run” event in Jiangyan? —Yes, I have. Also, I ________ a lot of beautiful photos during the run. A．Have; attended; have taken B．Did; attend; have taken C．Have; attended; took D．Did; attend; took 【答案】C 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去发生的动作/状态、表示影响（动作已完成） 【详解】句意：——您参加过在江堰举办的“乡村跑”活动吗？——是的，我参加了。此外，我在跑步过程中拍了很多漂亮的照片。 考查现在完成时和一般过去时。根据“Yes, I have.”可知，此处时态为现在完成时，其结构是“have/has+过去分词”，因此第一空填助动词have，第二空填attend的过去分词attended；根据“I... a lot of beautiful photos during the run.”可知，此处指在跑步期间拍照，动作发生在过去，时态为一般过去时，因此第三空填take的过去式took。故选C。 8．（2025·安徽合肥·三模）—There is someone knocking at the door. —It must be Lin. I ______ her to come and prepare for the English speech together. A．call B．was calling C．called D．will call 【答案】C 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去发生的动作/状态 【详解】句意：——有人在敲门。——一定是林。我叫她过来一起准备英语演讲。 考查时态。根据“There is someone knocking at the door”以及“her to come and prepare for the English speech together.”可知是之前叫她过来，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时。故选C。 9．（2025·云南昆明·二模）—I still remember the day we ________ three years ago. —Yes. Time flies! We’ve all grown up and changed a lot. A．met B．have met C．meet D．will meet 【答案】A 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去发生的动作/状态 【详解】句意：—— 我仍然记得我们三年前见面的那天。 —— 是啊。时光飞逝！我们都长大了，变化很大。 考查一般过去时。根据“three years ago”可知，此处描述过去的事情，需要用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选A。 10．（2025·北京大兴·二模）— Hi, Jim. What did your sister do last Friday evening? — She ________ a movie with her friends. A．watches B．watched C．is watching D．will watch 【答案】B 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去发生的动作/状态 【详解】句意：——嗨，Jim。你姐姐上周五晚上做了什么？——她和朋友一起看了电影。 考查动词时态。根据“last Friday evening”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选B。 11．（2025·北京顺义·二模）The Shenzhou XIX mission astronauts ________ safely at the Dongfeng Landing Site on April 30, 2025. A．land B．landed C．were landing D．will land 【答案】B 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去发生的动作/状态 【详解】句意：神舟十九号任务的宇航员于2025年4月30日在东风着陆场安全着陆。 考查动词时态。根据“on April 30, 2025.”可知，本句是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选B。 12．（2025·江西九江·模拟预测）Could you tell me ________ yesterday? A．where did you go B．where you went C．where you have gone D．where you go 【答案】B 【难度】0.4 【知识点】go、gone、went、过去发生的动作/状态、宾语从句的语序 【详解】句意：你能告诉我你昨天去哪儿了吗？ 考查宾语从句。该句是宾语从句，需用陈述句语序，排除选项A；从句动作发生在“yesterday”，需用一般过去时。故选B。 13．（2025·安徽芜湖·三模）The moment he read Chinese poems loudly, everyone ________ lost in the beauty. A．will get B．has got C．is getting D．got 【答案】D 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去发生的动作/状态 【详解】句意：他一大声朗读中国古诗，每个人就沉浸在它的美之中了。 考查动词时态。will get一般将来时；has got现在完成时；is getting现在进行时；got一般过去时。根据“The moment he read Chinese poems loudly”可知，该句时态为一般过去时，描述过去发生的动作，所以此处也应用一般过去时，动词用过去式got，故选D。 14．（2025·云南文山·二模）Last weekend, Tom and his friends ________ a picnic in the park and played games together. A．have B．will have C．had D．are having 【答案】C 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去发生的动作/状态 【详解】句意：上周末，汤姆和他的朋友们在公园里野餐，还一起玩游戏。 考查动词时态辨析。have一般现在时；will have一般将来时；had一般过去时；are having现在进行时。Last weekend为一般过去时标志词，表明动作发生在过去，动词需用过去式。故选C。 15．（2025·云南大理·二模）— Oh, Tom. When did you buy your bike? — I ________ it in 2020. And I ________ it for five years. A．buy; had B．bought; have had C．bought; had D．buy; have had 【答案】B 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去发生的动作/状态、含since/for的现在完成时 【详解】句意：——哦，汤姆。你什么时候买的自行车？ ——我在2020年买的。我已经拥有它五年了。 考查一般过去时和现在完成时。buy买；had拥有。根据“in 2020”可知，第一空描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，动词使用过去式；根据“for five years”可知，第二空描述从过去发生持续到现在的事情，用现在完成时，结构是have/has + 过去分词。故选B。 16．（2025·北京·模拟预测）Tom decided that he ________ eating fast food three years ago. A．was stopping B．stops C．stopped D．is stopping 【答案】C 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去发生的动作/状态 【详解】句意：汤姆三年前决定不再吃快餐。 考查时态。was stopping过去进行时；stops一般现在时；stopped一般过去时；is stopping现在进行时。根据“three years ago”可知，本句应为一般过去时。故选C。 17．（2025·安徽合肥·二模）—Have you heard about the Luogang International Kite Festival on March 22nd? —Yes, of course. It’s a shame that I ________ it because of a high fever. A．was missing B．have missed C．miss D．missed 【答案】D 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去发生的动作/状态 【详解】句意：——你听说过3月22日的罗港国际风筝节吗？——是的，当然了。很遗憾，我因为发高烧而错过了它。 考查时态。根据“It’s a shame that I...it because of a high fever.”可知，第二个人之前因为发烧错过了这个国际风筝节，是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故选D。 18．（2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）My grandparents used to _______ in the countryside, but now they are used to _______ in the city. A．live; live B．live; living C．living; live D．living; living 【答案】B 【难度】0.4 【知识点】be used to sth.、used to do sth.、动词短语、动名词作宾语、used to do sth. 【详解】句意：我祖父母过去住在乡村，但是现在他们习惯于住在城市了。 考查非谓语动词和动词短语。根据语境可知，这里是说祖父母过去住在农村，现在习惯住在城市。第一个空用used to do“过去常常”，排除D和C，第二个空用be used to doing sth.“习惯于做某事”，排除A，故选B。 19．（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）—Excuse me, Sir. Please don’t smoke here. This is a non-smoking area. —I’m really sorry. I ________ it. A．haven’t known B．don’t know C．didn’t know D．won’t know 【答案】C 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去发生的动作/状态 【详解】句意：——打扰了，先生。请不要在这里吸烟。这是无烟区。——非常抱歉。我不知道。 考查一般过去时。根据“really sorry”可知，回答者在经过别人提醒后才知道这里不能吸烟，说明之前是不知道的，因此用一般过去时，故选C。 20．（2025·四川成都·二模）Chengdu ________ about 1 million foreign tourists in 2024. More foreigners choose it as their first stop in China. A．received B．receives C．will receive 【答案】A 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去发生的动作/状态 【详解】句意：2024年，成都接待了约100万外国游客。越来越多的外国人选择它作为他们在中国的第一站。 考查时态。题干中的时间状语是“in 2024”，这是一个明确的过去时间点（当前为2025年），描述过去发生的动作应使用一般过去时。故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 焦点19 一般过去时 备考2026年中考英语新课标（核心素养）同步大师课堂之语法知识统统过 一、定义 1、表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last night, in 1990, two days ago等。 I got up at 6:30 yesterday. 我昨天6:30起床。【动作】 She was at home last night. 她昨天晚上在家。【状态】 在英语语法中，“时“指 动作 发生的时间，”态“指动作的样子和 状态 。 2、表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和often, always等表示频度的时间状语连用。 He always went to work by bus last year. 去年他一直乘公共汽车上班。 二、判断标志 1. 与ago连用的时间状语如：a moment ago, two minutes ago, six months ago, one week ago… 等 We were primary students 5 years ago. 五年前我们是小学生。 2. 与last 连用的时间状语last week, last year, last month, last day… He suddenly fell ill last night. 他昨晚突然病倒了。 3. 与 yesterday 连用的时间状语yesterday morning, yesterday morning … We weren't late yesterday. 我们昨天没迟到. ※the day before yesterday 昨天 4. 与 one 连用的时间状语 one morning 某个早上， one evening 某个夜晚 5. 与that连用的时间状语 that day, that morning, that year… 6. 其他时间状语 just now 刚刚 in the old days 在过去in 1980 at that time在那时 三、构成 含有be动词的一般过去时的主结构：主语+was/were+表语 1、肯定句：主语+was/were+表语。 I was an English teacher one year ago. 一年前我是一名英语老师。 2、否定句：主语+was/were+not+表语。 I wasn't an English teacher one year ago. 一年前我不是一名英语老师。 3、一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+表语。 Were you an English teacher one year ago? 一年前你是一名英语老师吗? 4、疑问词+was/were+主语+其它? What were you one year ago? 一年前你是做什么的? 【注意】 ①主语为第一人称单数或第三人称单数时，用was,其它人称一律用were. ②变成否定句时，只需在was/were后直接加not就行了。 ③变成一般疑问句时，只需把was/were提到主语前面即可。 ④变成特殊疑问句时，一般是特殊疑问词后加一般疑问句，如果特殊疑问词是who，不用改变原句的语序。 His father was very busy last week.→How was his father last week? (先选特殊疑问词how,然后把剩下的部分变成一般疑问句语序，即把His father was last week变成was his father last week) His father was very busy last week.(画线提问)→Who was very busy week? (只需用特殊疑问词who替换掉原句中的主语his father即可，不必考虑其它方面。) 四、含有实义动词(行为动词)的一般过去时的主结构：主语+动词的过去时+其它 1、肯定句：主语+动词的过去时+其它。 I bought a yellow dress yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午我买了一条黄裙子。 2. 否定句：主语+did+not+动词原形+其他【did not 缩写didn't】 I didn't buy a yellow dress yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午我没买一条黄裙子。 3.一般疑问句：Did+主要+动词原形+其他? Did you buy a yellow dress yesterday afternoon? 昨天下午你买了一条黄裙子吗? 4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句+did+主要+动词原形+其他? When did you buy a yellow dress? 你什么时候买了一条黄裙子? 【注意】 ①谓语动词为实义动词时，不受主语限制，用对动词的过去时形式就可以。 ②不论主语是什么人称，在变成否定句时，只需在主语与谓语动词之间加上didn’t,并把后面的谓语动词由过去时形式变成动词原形。 ③在变成一般疑问句时，只需在原句前加上助动词did，并把后面的谓语动词由过去时形式变成动词原形。 ④在变成特殊疑问句时，除了提问句子的主语不用更改原句的语序，提问其它成分要把原句变成一般疑问句语序。 He played basketball yesterday.(画线提问)→Who played basketball yesterday .(提问句子的主语，只需用who替换原句中的主语he即可。) He played basketball yesterday.(画线提问)→What did he play yesterday? (提问句子的宾语，用特殊疑问词what,然后把剩下的部分变成一般疑问句语序，即把He played yesterday变成did he play yesterday) 五、动词过去式的变化规则 (一)系动词be 的过去式有两种形式：was 和were。其中was 是am和is的过去式，were 是are的过去式。 (二)实义动词(行为动词)的过去时分规则动词的过去时和不规则动词的过去时的两种。 规则动词的过去时变化规则 (1) 一般在动词后加-ed。 play—played, offer—offered, weigh—weighed,Destroy— destroyed, sign—signed. (2) 在以字母e结尾的动词后，只加-d。 like—liked, provide—provided, hate — hated, date—dated。 (3) 在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后，则改y为i，再加ed。 supply—supplied, fly—flied, study— studied. (4) 在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed。 plan—planned, refer—referred, regret—regretted, ban—banned. ★重读闭音节三要素： 1)一个元音字母后跟一个或几个辅音字母 2)以一个辅音音素结尾; 3)元音字母发短元音。 ★长元音 ：[i:][ə:][a:][ɔ:][u:] 短元音 ：[e] [i] [ʌ] [æ][ə][ɔ][u] 【注意】规则动词的过去式构成方法可用以下口诀来记忆： 过去式构成有规律，一般词尾加—ed 如果词尾有个e(不发音的)，只需直接加上—d 。 “辅音字母+y ”在词尾，变y为i加—ed 。 “一辅重闭”作尾巴，双写之后加—ed 。 不规则动词的过去时需单独记忆，详见文章末尾。 六、基本用法 1. 表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态(与现在无关) 。常与yesterday, last week, in 1989, just now, a moment ago, the other day等过去具体时间状语连用。 He was here just now. 他刚才还在这里。 What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么事? 2. 在过去一段时间内的经常性或习惯性动作。 We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。 注：表示过去经常发生的动作还可用used to 和would。 He used to smoke a lot, but he doesn’t now. 他过去经常抽烟，但现在不抽了。 Whenever we were in trouble, he would help us. 每当我们遇到困难，他都会帮助我们。 3. 表示主语过去的特征或性格。 At that time she was very good at English. 那时她英语学得很好。 4. 一般过去时有时可以表示现在，多与 want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等动词连用，使语气更委婉。 I wondered if you could help me. 不知你能不能帮我一下。 5. 有时用一般过去时也是时态一致的需要。 I didn’t know you were here. 没想到你在这里。 【注意】 1. 表示一系列的动作，尽管有先后，都用一般过去时，最后两个动词之间用and连结。 He opened the door, rushed out and then disappeared. 他打开门，冲了出去，然后就消失了。 2. 注意在语境中理解“我刚才/原来还不……”。 —Your phone number again? I didn’t quite catch it. 请再说一次你的电话号码，好吗?我刚才没听清楚。 使用口诀 一般过去时并不难，过去动作、状态记心间。 动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站。 否定句很简单，didn't 站在动原前，其它部分不要变。 一般疑问句也好变，did放在句子前，主语、动原、其它部分依次站。 特殊疑问句也简单，疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。 最后一条请注意，动词过去式要牢记! 1．The local government ________ a special library last year to encourage children to read. A．find B．founded C．build D．found 2．My brother ________ TV every night, but last night he ________ a book. A．watches; reads B．watch; read C．watches; read D．watched; read 3．—________ you ________ the movie Ne Zha 2 yet? —Yes. I ________ it with Jason the other day. A．Have; watched; watched B．Did; watch; watched C．Have; watched; have watched D．Did; watch; have watched 4．I ________ go running a lot in the past, but now I seldom run. A．use to B．used to C．didn’t use to D．didn’t used to 5．He ________ up early and he is used to getting up early now. A．use to get B．used to get C．used to getting D．use to getting 6．—How ______ your weekend, Andy? —I went to Fangte Amusement Park in Mianyang and took many photos there. A．did B．does C．is D．was 7．John usually ________ to the Central Park on weekends, but he ________ his uncle last weekend. A．went; visited B．went; visits C．goes; visits D．goes; visited 8．After hearing what Mr Lee said, Gina ________ she was wrong and said sorry. A．guessed B．saved C．followed D．realized 9．There used to _________ no schools in the village in the past, but now there _________ two. A．had; have B．have; have C．were; are D．be; are 10．—Peter, did you play table tennis with your friends after school yesterday? —No, I didn’t. We ________ vegetables in our school garden. A．water B．have watered C．watered D．are going to water 11．Last year my uncle ________ some tomatoes on the farm. A．grew B．will grow C．is growing D．grows 12．I went to the library straight after class. I ________ only two minutes on the way. A．spend B．spent C．is spending D．spends 13．Helen ________ late for school yesterday because something was wrong with her bike on her way to school. A．arrives B．arrived C．is arriving D．will arrive 14．He ________ a cold last week, so the doctor asked him to stay at home. A．catches B．has caught C．caught D．will catch 15．They ________ for the English test last night. A．study B．studies C．studied D．are studying 16．—________ Peter ________ his friends on the Dragon Boat Festival? —No, he visited his grandparents instead. A．Did; visited B．Does; visit C．Did; visit D．Does; visited 17．—What do you think of Na Zha 2? —Wonderful! I ________ Na Zha 1 in 2019 and was amazed. This one is even better. A．watched B．watch C．has watched D．have watched 18．There ________ a football match on TV yesterday. A．has B．is C．had D．was 19．My parents and I ________ trees last Sunday. A．plant B．will plant C．are planting D．planted 20．My grandparents used to ________ in a small village, so now they aren’t used to ________ in the big city. A．live; living B．live; live C．living; live D．living; living 1．（2025·天津·中考真题）The mobile phone ________ when I was making a cake with my mother. A．rang B．rings C．is ringing D．is going to ring 2．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）On the Dragon Boat Festival, my mother cooked delicious zongzi and ________ them on the plate. A．laid B．lay C．lain 3．（2025·福建·中考真题）China’s Beijing Library ________ “Public Library of the Year” in 2024. A．named B．was named C．will be named 4．（2025·江西·中考真题）—I hear that Jingdezhen Porcelain (瓷器) ______ in Paris last month. —Wow! Good news. A．shows B．has shown C．is shown D．was shown 5．（2025·四川成都·中考真题）In April, some planarians (涡虫) ________ into China’s space station for scientific research. A．were taken B．took C．were taking 1．（2025·福建厦门·二模）— I haven’t seen you for a long time. Mr. Wang. — Yes. I ________ as a volunteer teacher in Ningxia for two years. I just came back. A．work B．worked C．have worked 2．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模）—Jack, when ________ you ________ this novel? —I have had it for five months. A．have; bought B．have; had C．did; buy 3．（2025·黑龙江佳木斯·三模）He ________ to school by bike, but now he ________ to school on foot. A．used to go; is used to go B．used to go; is used to going C．is used to go; used to go D．is used to going; used to go 4．（2025·广东汕头·一模）—Grandpa, the trip to Shanghai Disneyland Park was exciting but a little tiring. —Oh, could you tell me ________? A．what you did in the trip B．that you saw something beautiful C．how you go there D．if your friends had played with you 5．（2025·福建厦门·二模）—Alice, your book report for Jane Eyre is due tomorrow! —Don’t worry, Mom. I _________ it last night. A．finished B．was finishing C．have finished 6．（2025·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）—When _______ you _______ here? —Two days ago. A．did, come B．have, come C．will, come 7．（2025·江苏泰州·二模）—________ you ________ the “Rural Run” event in Jiangyan? —Yes, I have. Also, I ________ a lot of beautiful photos during the run. A．Have; attended; have taken B．Did; attend; have taken C．Have; attended; took D．Did; attend; took 8．（2025·安徽合肥·三模）—There is someone knocking at the door. —It must be Lin. I ______ her to come and prepare for the English speech together. A．call B．was calling C．called D．will call 9．（2025·云南昆明·二模）—I still remember the day we ________ three years ago. —Yes. Time flies! We’ve all grown up and changed a lot. A．met B．have met C．meet D．will meet 10．（2025·北京大兴·二模）— Hi, Jim. What did your sister do last Friday evening? — She ________ a movie with her friends. A．watches B．watched C．is watching D．will watch 11．（2025·北京顺义·二模）The Shenzhou XIX mission astronauts ________ safely at the Dongfeng Landing Site on April 30, 2025. A．land B．landed C．were landing D．will land 12．（2025·江西九江·模拟预测）Could you tell me ________ yesterday? A．where did you go B．where you went C．where you have gone D．where you go 13．（2025·安徽芜湖·三模）The moment he read Chinese poems loudly, everyone ________ lost in the beauty. A．will get B．has got C．is getting D．got 14．（2025·云南文山·二模）Last weekend, Tom and his friends ________ a picnic in the park and played games together. A．have B．will have C．had D．are having 15．（2025·云南大理·二模）— Oh, Tom. When did you buy your bike? — I ________ it in 2020. And I ________ it for five years. A．buy; had B．bought; have had C．bought; had D．buy; have had 16．（2025·北京·模拟预测）Tom decided that he ________ eating fast food three years ago. A．was stopping B．stops C．stopped D．is stopping 17．（2025·安徽合肥·二模）—Have you heard about the Luogang International Kite Festival on March 22nd? —Yes, of course. It’s a shame that I ________ it because of a high fever. A．was missing B．have missed C．miss D．missed 18．（2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）My grandparents used to _______ in the countryside, but now they are used to _______ in the city. A．live; live B．live; living C．living; live D．living; living 19．（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）—Excuse me, Sir. Please don’t smoke here. This is a non-smoking area. —I’m really sorry. I ________ it. A．haven’t known B．don’t know C．didn’t know D．won’t know 20．（2025·四川成都·二模）Chengdu ________ about 1 million foreign tourists in 2024. More foreigners choose it as their first stop in China. A．received B．receives C．will receive 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$