Unit4 Natural DisastersReading and thinking 同步练习-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

Unit 4 Period 1 Reading and thinking Unit 4 Period 2 Reading and thinking同步练习 一、单词拼写 1.If there were no           (电)，we would lead a harder time here. 2.The flowers soon           (复活) after I watered them in the morning. 3.The heavy rain last night caused        (洪水) in many mountainous areas. 4.This is one of the worst natural           (灾难) ever to hit the area. 5.Too much drinking will do           (损害) to your health; you should take the doctor’s advice. 6.You should be able to guess the meaning of the word from the         (上下文). 7.What he did at the party really made us s         (shock) that evening. 8.W       (wise) is knowing what to do next, skill is knowing how to do it, and virtue is doing it. 9.The d      (dead) of the outstanding scientist was a great loss to the whole world. 10.Though the soldiers have been working for fifteen hours, they carry on looking for s________(survive) in ruins. 二、完成句子 用本课时所学知识翻译下列句子并将句子连成—篇短文 1.我们震惊地发现每年会发生许多自然灾难。(be shocked to do，disaster) ____________________________________________________________________ 2.面对灾难，人们感觉仿佛世界末日到了。(as if，come to an end) ____________________________________________________________________ 3.人们将经受许多困境，他们的家园将成为废墟。(go through, in ruins) ____________________________________________________________________ 4.政府不遗余力地帮助那些正在遭受灾难的人。(effort, suffer) ____________________________________________________________________ 5.通过共同努力，新的家园不难重建。(主语＋be＋adj.＋to do, effort) ____________________________________________________________________ 6.用适当的过渡词连句成篇 ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 三、阅读理解 A Last year，wildfire spread through Boulder，Colorado.It wasn’t a hot summer day.It wasn’t a forested neighborhood.It was winter in the suburbs(郊区)．More than 1,000 homes and buildings burned. Large parts of the country that don’t have wildfires are now at risk.They include nearly 80 million homes and buildings.That is what new data shows.Over the next 30 years，the risk will only grow.The group First Street Foundation created a program called Fire Factor.People can go to a website to learn what their wildfire risk is in 2022 and in 2052.Right now，about 16% of Americans live in risky places.By 2052，that will go up to 21%. California will likely suffer a lot from wildfire.That’s partly because it is so big and partly because of its weather.So California will be on the top of the at-risk list.But nearly half of all at-risk Americans in 2052 will live in the southern half of the U．S.The South will be home to the largest number of people at high risk：32 million.States like Texas，Florida，Oklahoma，and North and South Carolina will be “in the line of fire”，so to speak，and so will southwestern states like Arizona and New Mexico. People are doing many things to make fire risk worse.They are moving to places where wildfire is a natural yearly event.They are building homes right next to plants and trees that can burn.Climate(气候) change has increased heat and dryness.That means any spark(火花) at any time can cause a big fire. As with many climate threats，wildfires put minorities at the greatest risk.By 2052，about 44% of all Native Americans will live in places at major risk from wildfire.Nearly 1 in 4 Hispanics will.People who don’t speak English or own cars will have a harder time learning about and getting away from a fast-moving fire. 3.What problem did Boulder have last year? A. Strange weather. B. Widespread wildfires. C. Huge loss of forests. D. A rapid drop in populations. 4.What does the new data show? A. About 16% of Americans are safe now. B. The risky areas of wildfire are increasing. C. The risk of wildfire will be lowered in 2052. D. Nearly 80 million homes are burnt down by wildfire. 5.What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. Reasons why wildfire risk is worse. B. Dangers humans may face in the future. C. Actions taken by humans to prevent fire. D. Suggestions for self-protection in wildfire. 6.What does the underlined word “minorities” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Groups with foreign population. B. Groups with native population. C. Groups with large population. D. Groups with small population. B The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake，in which tens of thousands of people died and hundreds of thousands injured，was the event that changed everything for China in this field.The 8.0-magnitude quake had presented the most difficult relief challenges to the country since 1949，leading to a complete review and improvement of the country’s emergency response(响应) capabilities.Since then，preventing and controlling disasters has become a top concern for the Chinese government. For earthquakes，getting an early warning is extremely important.The Chengdu High-tech Disaster Reduction Center found that a three-second early warning can lower the number of the injured by 14%；a ten-second warning，by 39%；a 20-second warning，by 63%.So in the following years China has developed an automatic(自动的) early warning system which can send out warnings to millions of people in China within just two minutes after an earthquake. In 2018，the Chinese government also created the Ministry of Emergency Management，together with civil services，the Red Cross，and the National Fire and Rescue Administration to ensure a round-the-clock emergency response.There are now 27 specialized teams for mountain，water，and air rescues，as well as earthquake relief，and seven teams for helping with international rescue efforts. Whether it is earthquake，typhoon，flood or forest fire，China has an excellent record in post-disaster recovery，as it is able to organize resources from various(各种各样的) departments including power，water conservancy(水利) and supply，telecommunications and disease control.To reduce the effects of follow-up disasters，these departments would do their parts to repair damaged roads and railways，restore power，water supply，communication and other services to help people get back to normal life. Disaster relief requires the whole society to work together.And China sets an example of how to prevent loss and save lives by putting the people first. 7.How does this text show the importance of early warning systems? A. By using quotes. B. By giving examples. C. By listing numbers. D. By making contrast. 8.Why has the government set up the specialized teams? A. To carry out disaster relief internationally. B. To help with the rescue and recovery work. C. To train local people in disaster prevention. D. To handle forest fires more effectively. 9.What can we learn from paragraph 4? A. The effects of follow-up disasters have been reduced. B. A lot of natural disasters have happened in the world. C. Disaster relief needs efforts across various departments. D. Different departments are responsible for building roads and railways. 10.What’s the main idea of this text? A. China has improved disaster response and recovery. B. China has developed an early warning system for earthquakes. C. China organized various departments for post-disaster recovery. D. China has created specialized departments to respond to earthquakes. 四、完形填空 Peyton Thorby was only 8 years old，but this cheerleader proved to already be a star when she performed by herself.The 11 kid was a member of the K-Tech Krakens，and they were ready to compete in the Showcase for Champions Cheerleading Competition in Tampa，Florida.Peyton had been 12 this day for so long.However，when she and her mom 13 as quickly as possible，they 14 such surprising news.Her coaches were there，but for some reason，she was the only member that showed up. This left little Peyton with two 15 .She could quit or she could compete as a team of one.According to her mom，Peyton was a little 16 this news as any child was.Once she 17 herself，though，she made the brave decision to perform 18 without a solo routine(一套动作) planned. “I was 19 a lot，and I felt 20 in my stomach，” Peyton said.Although she felt nervous，Peyton 21 to put together a wonderful solo routine. 22 ，this cheerleader even earned herself first place.Needless to say，she was very happy with her decision to take a 23 . “We were all proud of her，telling her how well she did，” her mom said，“because we took pride in not only the fact that she determined to do it by herself，but also the fact that they awarded her the first place trophy(奖杯)．That was all a(n) 24 .We had no idea.” Since getting this unbelievable 25 ，Peyton has entered the spotlight. 11.A. frightened B. tired C. bored D. talented 12.A. working out B. looking forward to C. keeping away from D. getting on with 13.A. arrived B. returned C. behaved D. debated 14.A. applied to B. looked for C. learnt about D. turned up 15.A. levels B. rules C. models D. choices 16.A. disappointed at B. anxious for C. excited about D. content with 17.A. expressed B. collected C. selected D. respected 18.A. above B. about C. away D. alone 19.A. shaking B. exercising C. chatting D. wondering 20.A. unfair B. uncomfortable C. unlucky D. unnecessary 21.A. agreed B. refused C. managed D. afforded 22.A. Actually B. Obviously C. Safely D. Hurriedly 23.A. break B. look C. chance D. breath 24.A. measure B. order C. promise D. surprise 25.A. example B. achievement C. power D. opinion 参考答案 一、单词拼写 1．electricity　2．revived　3．floods　4．disasters　5．damage　6．context　7．shocked　8．Wisdom　9．death　10．survivors 二、完成句子 1．We are shocked to find that many natural disasters happen every year. 2．Facing disasters，people feel as if the world were coming to an end. 3．People will go through many hardships and their homes will be in ruins. 4．The government spares no effort to help those who are suffering from disaster. 5．With joint efforts，the new home is not difficult to rebuild. 6. We are shocked to find that many natural disasters happen every year.Facing disasters，people feel as if the world were coming to an end.People will go through many hardships and their homes will be in ruins. Luckily，the government spares no effort to help those who are suffering from disaster.With joint efforts，the new home is not difficult to rebuild. 三、阅读理解 3.【答案】B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Last year，wildfire spread through Boulder，Colorado.”和“More than 1,000 homes and buildings burned.”可知，去年博尔德市遭遇了大范围的野火。故选B。 4.【答案】B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Large parts of the country that don’t have wildfires are now at risk.They include nearly 80 million homes and buildings.That is what new data shows.”可知，新的数据表明野火的危险区域正在增加。故选B。 5.【答案】A 【解析】段落大意题。根据第四段“People are doing many things to make fire risk worse...Climate(气候) change has increased heat and dryness...”可知，本段介绍了让野火加剧的原因。故选A。 6.【答案】D 【解析】词义猜测题。根据最后一段的“By 2052，about 44% of all Native Americans will live in places at majors risk from wildfire.Nearly 1 in 4 Hispanics will.People who don’t speak English or own cars will have a harder time learning about and getting away from a fast-moving fire.”可知，此处提到的美洲原住民、西班牙裔美国人以及不会说英语或没有车的人是美国人数较少的群体。由此猜测，画线词minorities意为“人口较少的群体”。故选D。 7.【答案】C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The Chengdu High-tech Disaster Reduction Center found that a three-second early warning can lower the number of the injured by 14%；a ten-second warning，by 39%；a 20-second warning，by 63%.”可知，本文通过列举数字来展示预警系统的重要性。故选C。 8.【答案】B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In 2018，the Chinese government also created...to ensure a round-the-clock emergency response.”可知，政府建立专业队伍是为了协助救援和恢复工作。故选B。 9.【答案】C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Whether it is earthquake，typhoon，flood or forest fire，China has an excellent record in post-disaster recovery，as it is able to organize resources from various(各种各样的) departments including power，water conservancy(水利) and supply，telecommunications and disease control.”可知，救灾工作需要多个部门的共同努力。故选C。 10.【答案】A 【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了中国在灾害应对和恢复方面所做的努力和取得的成效。故选A。 四、完形填空 11.【答案】D 【解析】frightened害怕的；tired累的；bored无聊的；talented有才能的。根据上文“this cheerleader proved to already be a star when she performed by herself”可知，Peyton很有天赋，故选D。 12.【答案】B 【解析】work out锻炼，解决；look forward to期待；keep away from远离；get on with进展，继续。根据上文“they were ready to compete”和空后“this day for so long”可知，她们准备好了参加比赛，Peyton期待这一天已经很久了，故选B。 13.【答案】A 【解析】arrive到达；return返回；behave举止，表现；debate辩论。根据下文“she was the only member that showed up”可知，她是唯一一个出现的队员，故此处指当她和妈妈赶到时，故选A。 14.【答案】C 【解析】apply to适用于；look for寻找；learn about了解；turn up出现，调高(音量)。结合空后“such surprising news”可知，此处指她们得知了这样一个令人惊讶的消息，故选C。 15.【答案】D 【解析】level水平；rule规则；model模型；choice选择。根据下文“She could quit or she could compete as a team of one.”可知，Peyton面临两种选择，故选D。 16.【答案】A 【解析】(be)disappointed at对……失望；(be)anxious for担心；(be)excited about对……感到兴奋；(be)content with对……感到满意。根据上文可知，其他队员没有出现，她要么退出，要么一个人参加比赛，她对此应是感到失望，故选A。 17.【答案】B 【解析】express表达；collect使镇定；select选择；respect尊重。根据下文“she made the brave decision”可知，她镇静下来，作出了一个勇敢的决定，collect oneself “镇定下来，敛神专注”，故选B。 18.【答案】D 【解析】above在(或向)……上面；about关于；away离开；alone独自。根据上文“she could compete as a team of one”可知，她独自参赛，故选D。 19.【答案】A 【解析】shake颤抖；exercise锻炼；chat聊天；wonder想知道。根据语境及下文“she felt nervous”可知，独自参赛，她感到紧张，故她颤抖得很厉害，故选A。 20.【答案】B 【解析】unfair不公平的；uncomfortable不舒服的；unlucky不幸的；unnecessary不必要的。结合下文“she felt nervous”可知，她很紧张，故此处指胃里不舒服，故选B。 21.【答案】C 【解析】agree同意；refuse拒绝；manage设法完成；afford支付得起。根据上文“Although she felt nervous”表达的让步关系和下文“this cheerleader even earned herself first place”可知，虽然感到紧张，但她还是设法完成了一段精彩的独舞，故选C。 22.【答案】A 【解析】actually事实上；obviously明显地；safely安全地；hurriedly匆忙地。根据上文“a wonderful solo routine”以及空后“this cheerleader even earned herself first place”可知，她完成了一段精彩的独舞，事实上，她甚至赢得了第一名，故选A。 23.【答案】C 【解析】break休息；look看；chance机会；breath呼吸。结合上文“she made the brave decision to perform”可知，她决定独自参赛表演，故此处指她很高兴自己决定冒险一试，take a chance“冒险”，符合语境，故选C。 24.【答案】D 【解析】measure措施；order命令；promise承诺；surprise惊喜。结合下文“We had no idea.”可知，她们没有想到Peyton会获得第一名，因此这个奖对她们来说是个惊喜，故选D。 25.【答案】B 【解析】example例子；achievement成就；power力量，权力；opinion观点。结合上文“they awarded her the first place trophy(奖杯)”可知，Peyton获得了令人难以置信的成就，故选B。 第1页 共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$