Unit 8 Safe and sound 过去进行时；when、while 和 as 的用法（单元核心语法精练）英语译林版2024八年级上册

Unit 8 Safe and sound 核心语法精练（过去进行时；when、while 和 as 的用法） 目录 B 考点夯基·专项突破 4 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 4 二、单项选择 4 三、完成句子 6 四、翻译 7 8 题型一 语法选择 8 题型二 语法填空 9 过去进行时 含义 表示过去某一_________ 正在进行的动作或过去某一_________ 一直在进行的动作 1.I was reading at 8 last night. 2.The students were practicing the play from 3 p.m. to 5 p.m. last Friday. 结构 肯定：_________ + 动词 -ing 形式 The boy was writing a report on how to keep healthy. 否定：__________________ + 动词 -ing 形式 2.We were not shopping at this time yesterday. 不用于进行时的动词类型 1. 表示心理状态、情感的动词，如 love、hate、like、know 等 She _________ (know) the answer to the question but didn't raise her hand. 2. 部分连系动词，如 seem、appear 等 He seemed tired after working for twelve hours yesterday. 3. 感官动词，如 see、hear、smell、sound、taste 等 They _________ (see) their old friend at the airport last week. 4. 短暂性动词，如 decide、stop 等 We _________ (decide) to go hiking instead of staying at home last weekend. 过去进行时助记口诀 过去进行不复杂，“was/were” 加上 “-ing” 。 某时某段的动作，否定 be后插“not” 。 有些动词不进行，心理连系感官短 (暂) 。 when、while 和 as 的用法 共同含义 “_________” 1.There were already many people in the meeting room when he arrived. 2.While Millie was watching TV, her mum was sleeping. 3.I saw a traffic accident as I was riding to school this morning. 时间指代及谓语动词特点 when 和 as：可指某一点或某一段时间，从句谓语动词可为瞬间性或延续性； while：指一段时间，从句谓语动词必须是_________ 1.When/As he woke up, it was eight o'clock. 2.When/While/As I was waiting for a bus, I met her. 主从句动作时长搭配 一长一短：用过去进行时表长动作 (正在进行) ，一般过去时表短动作。 构成 “一般过去时 + when/while/as + _________”结构。 长动作是短动作发生背景，连词可在句中或句首 1.It began to rain heavily when/while/as we were having dinner. (have dinner 长动作 ) 2.When/While/As we were reading, a stranger came in. (read 长动作 ) 两个长动作：常用 “过去进行时 + while + _________”，while 可在句首 1.They were rowing boats while we were climbing the hill. 2.While she was making a phone call, I was writing an email. 一长一短特殊情况 (强调动作突然发生) ：常用 “过去进行时 + _________ + 一般过去时”，突出长动作进行中短动作突然发生 I was walking in the street when he called me. 助记口诀 when、while 和 as ，“当…… 时” 意都有它。 when/as 时间可点段，谓语瞬延都容纳； while 只管段时间，延行动词才相伴。 一长一短动作现，“过进 + 过 (去) ” 结构辨， when/while/as 来连接，长为背景短上演，位置句首或句间。 两个长动作一碰面，“过进 + while + 过进” ，while 也可句首站。 若要突出短动突，“过进 + when + 过 (去) ” 选。 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1．When the storm came last night, he____________ (play) the piano. 2．While I____________ (shop) this morning, I____________ (lose) my money. 3．—I called you several times this morning, but you didn’t answer. —Sorry. I____________ (show) some visitors around our school the whole morning. 4．—Susan said she called your uncle yesterday afternoon, but there was no answer. —Oh, they were at home, but my uncle with his children____________ (tie) a sheep to a tree. 5．—I called you at about 9:30 pm yesterday, but you didn’t answer. —Sorry, I didn’t hear the ring bell. I____________ (practise) the piano. 6．Cindy____________ (write) an article about her pet when the phone rang. 7．While the man____________ (run) back home, he saw a dog by the side of the road. 8．While we____________ (have) lunch, Tom was reading a story. 9．—____________ the students____________ (draw) when the teacher came in? —No , they____________ . 10．The children____________ (swim) when they____________ (hear) a big noise outside. Later they knew that a huge tree____________ (fall) down because of the strong wind at that time. 二、单项选择 1．— I called you at 8:00 last night, but no one answered. — Oh, I ________ a shower at that time. A．take B．took C．was taking D．am taking 2．At 9 a. m. yesterday, the teacher ________ a lecture about tree protection in the hall. A．gives B．gave C．was giving D．has given 3．—Why didn’t you read my message at this time yesterday? —Sorry, I ________ a live show about Shenzhou-20 spaceship. A．watch B．watched C．am watching D．was watching 4．When I saw Mike yesterday, he ________ an old man cross the road. A．was helping B．helped C．is helping D．helps 5．—Hey, Kathy. How do you like my new shoes? —Oh, sorry. But what _________ you _________ just now? I _________ about something else. A．did; say; though B．have; said; was thinking C．did; say; was thinking D．have; said; thought 6．When the boy ________ in the morning yesterday, his mother ________ breakfast. A．got up; was cooking B．get up; cooks C．got up; cooked D．got up; is cooking 7．—What happened to Mrs. Smart? —She cut herself while she ________ dinner. A．is preparing B．was preparing C．will prepare D．has prepared 8．—Sorry, I was cleaning up ______ Grandpa suddenly came over. That’s why it’s still a mess here. —Why don’t you ______ finishing it now? You should go through what you start. A．when; continue B．while; to continue C．when; to continue D．while; continue 9．—Were you at home at 8:00 last night? I called you but nobody answered. —Sorry, I ________ at that time. A．cook B．cooked C．was cooking D．am cooking 10．—What did Mr. Smith say at the meeting? —Sorry. I didn’t hear well. I ________ a call from my friend. A．answered B．answer C．am answering D．was answering 11．While my mother ________ dinner, my father was watching TV. A．was cooking B．cooked C．cooks D．is cooking 12．The singer ________ onto the stage while the audience ________ loudly. A．came; were cheering B．comes; are cheering C．came; cheered D．was coming; cheered 13．The teacher ________ into the classroom while the students ________ loudly. A．came; were talking B．comes; are talking C．came; talked D．was coming; talked 14．I called you at eight last night, but you didn’t answer. What ________ you ________ at that time? A．are; doing B．were; doing C．do; do D．did; do 15．While my mother ________ some washing, I ________ a kite for my little sister. A．did; made B．was doing; made C．was doing; was making D．did; was making 16．—What was the girl doing when it began to rain heavily? —When it began to rain heavily, she ______ her homework at home. A．is doing B．does C．do D．was doing 17．The crowd started cheering ________ he rose to speak. A．as B．since C．till D．where 18．I was reading the book Marie Curie ________ my sister was doing her homework. A．while B．although C．if D．until 19．China is getting stronger and stronger ________ its economy (经济) grows. A．with B．if C．as D．while 20．—________ we get older, we need to do something meaningful to help our parents. —Yeah, I can’t agree with you more. A．By B．As C．How D．So 三、完成句子 1．昨晚8点，我们在观看关于如何保护濒危动物的电视节目。 We____________ ____________ a TV programme about how to protect endangered animals at 8 p. m. last night. 2．He cleaned the blackboard yesterday. (用at that time yesterday 改写) He____________ ____________ the blackboard at that time yesterday. 3．我正在超市购物的时候，她给我打电话了。 She called me while I____________ ____________ in the supermarket. 4．____________ Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary____________ her homework. 琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在帮玛丽做作业。 5．我在洗澡时电话响了。 The telephone rang____________ I was taking a bath. 6．以往我每次放学回家时，弟弟总是在玩玩具。 Every time I got home from school, my little brother____________ ____________ with toys. 7．He was listening to music. His mother came in.（改为复合句） He was listening to music____________ his mother came in. 8．昨天下午5点你在做什么？ What____________ you____________ at five yesterday afternoon? 9．What did you do last weekend?（用at eight last night 改写句子） What____________ you____________ at eight last night? 10．They swam in the pool yesterday. (用 at 9:00 a.m. yesterday改写句子) They____________ ____________ in the pool at 9:00 a.m. yesterday. 四、翻译 1．昨晚九点的时候，我正在看足球赛。(watch a football match) _______________________________________________________________ 2．昨天这个时候我正在淋浴。(shower) _______________________________________________________________ 3．在那时，男孩们正在打篮球。(过去进行时) _______________________________________________________________ 4．他记得他正在图书馆里看书。 _______________________________________________________________ 5．今天早上我醒来的时候，外面正在下大雨。 _______________________________________________________________ 6．昨天晚上8点到10点，我在看电视。 _______________________________________________________________ 7．当暴风雨来的时候，人们正在做什么？ _______________________________________________________________ 8．当我到家的时候，我的爸爸正在看报。 _______________________________________________________________ 9．昨天当珍妮 (Jenny) 睡觉时，琳达 (Linda) 在浏览英文报纸。 _______________________________________________________________ 10．昨天当他回来的时候，我们正在下棋。 _______________________________________________________________ 题型一 语法选择 World Water Day 2025 World Water Day happens every year on March 22nd. It 1 a day to think about our most important natural resource, water. We learn to save water and we learn about 2 water problems in some countries. Climate change is making it harder for some places to get enough water. Some countries are having more droughts. A drought is a disaster (灾难) where there is no rain for a long time, so plants, animals and people may die. The groundwater 3 very important at this time. Other countries are having more floods. A flood is a disaster where there is too 4 rain. The theme for World Water Day 2025 is “Glacier Preservation”. 5 know why we need to protect glaciers? Glaciers are huge blocks of ice in mountains and polar areas. They hold about 60% of the world’s fresh water! It is important for us to look after them and stop them from melting (融化). They help to get 6 fresh water from them. On World Water Day, adults and children across the world think about 7 importance of water. Water is very important to all life because humans, animals and plants would 8 without it. We need water to drink and we also need it 9 our bodies and clothes clean. Moreover, fresh water 10 by farmers to grow the food we eat every day. 1．A．am B．is C．are D．be 2．A．how does climate change cause B．how climate change causes C．how did climate change cause D．how climate change caused 3．A．becomes B．become C．became D．will become 4．A．many B．few C．much D．little 5．A．Are you B．You are C．Do you D．You do 6．A．lots of B．a lot C．a lots of D．lot of 7．A．a B．an C．/ D．the 8．A．die B．to die C．dies D．dying 9．A．give B．to give C．keep D．to keep 10．A．used B．uses C．is used D．was used 题型二 语法填空 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 When Tina was 1 8-year-old girl, a rainstorm hit her hometown on a dark night. When the storm came, she 2 (play) in her room. Her brother was asleep and her mother was busy cooking in the kitchen. Her father was watching TV. 3 (sudden) all the lights went off. Then the rain beat 4 the doors and windows heavily. The wind 5 (blow) strongly, so her brother 6 (wake) up. He was scared and started 7 (cry). The family 8 (not do) anything. Tina’s father took out the flashlight 9 the batteries (电池) were dead. So her mother found some candles and a box of 10 (match). The next morning, after they listened to the news on the radio, they realized that a heavy rainstorm had happened. 1._______________ 2._______________ 3._______________ 4._______________ 5._______________ 6._______________ 7._______________ 8._______________ 9._______________ 10.______________ $$Unit 8 Safe and sound 核心语法精练（过去进行时；when、while 和 as 的用法） 目录 B 考点夯基·专项突破 4 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 4 二、单项选择 6 三、完成句子 11 四、翻译 13 6 题型一 语法选择 16 题型二 语法填空 18 过去进行时 含义 表示过去某一 时刻正在进行的动作或过去某一 阶段一直在进行的动作 1.I was reading at 8 last night. 2.The students were practicing the play from 3 p.m. to 5 p.m. last Friday. 结构 肯定： was/were + 动词 -ing 形式 The boy was writing a report on how to keep healthy. 否定： was/were + not + 动词 -ing 形式 2.We were not shopping at this time yesterday. 不用于进行时的动词类型 1. 表示心理状态、情感的动词，如 love、hate、like、know 等 She _________ (know) knew the answer to the question but didn't raise her hand. 2. 部分连系动词，如 seem、appear 等 He seemed tired after working for twelve hours yesterday. 3. 感官动词，如 see、hear、smell、sound、taste 等 They _________ (see) saw their old friend at the airport last week. 4. 短暂性动词，如 decide、stop 等 We _________ (decide) decided to go hiking instead of staying at home last weekend. 过去进行时助记口诀 过去进行不复杂，“was/were” 加上 “-ing” 。 某时某段的动作，否定 be后插“not” 。 有些动词不进行，心理连系感官短 (暂) 。 when、while 和 as 的用法 共同含义 “当…… 时候” 1.There were already many people in the meeting room when he arrived. 2.While Millie was watching TV, her mum was sleeping. 3.I saw a traffic accident as I was riding to school this morning. 时间指代及谓语动词特点 when 和 as：可指某一点或某一段时间，从句谓语动词可为瞬间性或延续性； while：指一段时间，从句谓语动词必须是延续性 1.When/As he woke up, it was eight o'clock. 2.When/While/As I was waiting for a bus, I met her. 主从句动作时长搭配 一长一短：用过去进行时表长动作 (正在进行) ，一般过去时表短动作。 构成 “一般过去时 + when/while/as + 过去进行时”结构。 长动作是短动作发生背景，连词可在句中或句首 1.It began to rain heavily when/while/as we were having dinner. (have dinner 长动作 ) 2.When/While/As we were reading, a stranger came in. (read 长动作 ) 两个长动作：常用 “过去进行时 + while + 过去进行时”，while 可在句首 1.They were rowing boats while we were climbing the hill. 2.While she was making a phone call, I was writing an email. 一长一短特殊情况 (强调动作突然发生) ：常用 “过去进行时 + when + 一般过去时”，突出长动作进行中短动作突然发生 I was walking in the street when he called me. 助记口诀 when、while 和 as ，“当…… 时” 意都有它。 when/as 时间可点段，谓语瞬延都容纳； while 只管段时间，延行动词才相伴。 一长一短动作现，“过进 + 过 (去) ” 结构辨， when/while/as 来连接，长为背景短上演，位置句首或句间。 两个长动作一碰面，“过进 + while + 过进” ，while 也可句首站。 若要突出短动突，“过进 + when + 过 (去) ” 选。 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1．When the storm came last night, he____________ (play) the piano. 【答案】was playing 【解析】句意：昨晚暴风雨来的时候，他正在弹钢琴。根据“When the storm came last night, he…the piano.”及提示词可知，此处指暴风雨来的时候，他正在弹钢琴，句子时态应为过去进行时，其结构为“was/were doing sth.”，主语he为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was playing。 2．While I____________ (shop) this morning, I____________ (lose) my money. 【答案】 was shopping lost 【解析】句意：今天早上我正在购物时，我的钱丢了。第一空位于While引导的时间状语从句中，强调动作正在进行，结合“this morning”可知，用过去进行时，主语是I，be动词用was，shop的现在分词为shopping；第二空表示的动作在进行购物的过程中发生，使用一般过去时，lose的过去式为lost。故填was shopping；lost。 3．—I called you several times this morning, but you didn’t answer. —Sorry. I____________ (show) some visitors around our school the whole morning. 【答案】was showing 【解析】句意：——我今天早上给你打了好几次电话，但你没接。——抱歉，我整个上午都在带一些访客参观我们学校。“the whole morning”表示过去的一段时间，表示在这段时间内动作持续进行，要用过去进行时“was/were+现在分词”；主语是I，be动词过去式是was，show的现在分词是showing。故填was showing。 4．—Susan said she called your uncle yesterday afternoon, but there was no answer. —Oh, they were at home, but my uncle with his children____________ (tie) a sheep to a tree. 【答案】was tying 【解析】句意：——苏珊说她昨天下午给你叔叔打电话了，但没人接。——哦，他们在家，不过我叔叔和他的孩子们当时正在把一只羊拴到树上。根据语境，“昨天下午打电话时”这个动作正在进行，用过去进行时，结构为“was/were+现在分词”；主语“my uncle with his children”中，with连接的主语，谓语动词与前面的“my uncle”保持一致，“my uncle”是单数，所以用“was tying”，故填was tying。 5．—I called you at about 9:30 pm yesterday, but you didn’t answer. —Sorry, I didn’t hear the ring bell. I____________ (practise) the piano. 【答案】was practising 【解析】句意：——我昨天晚上大约9:30给你打了电话，但是你没接。——抱歉，我没听见铃声。我正在练习钢琴。根据“9:30 pm yesterday”可知，此处描述过去某个时刻正在发生的事情，应用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were doing”；I作主语，助动词用was，practise的现在分词为practising。故填was practising。 6．Cindy____________ (write) an article about her pet when the phone rang. 【答案】was writing 【解析】句意：电话铃响的时候，辛迪正在写一篇关于她宠物的文章。根据“when the phone rang.”可知，是“when”引导时间状语从句，强调主句动作和从句动作同时发生。当从句用一般过去时，主句表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作时，要用过去进行时；过去进行时的结构是“was/were+现在分词”，本句主语“Cindy”是第三人称单数，所以be动词用“was”，“write”的现在分词形式是“writing”。故填was writing。 7．While the man____________ (run) back home, he saw a dog by the side of the road. 【答案】was running 【解析】句意：当这个人跑回家的时候，他看到路边有一只狗。根据“While the man...back home, he saw a dog by the side of the road.”可知，此处强调在过去的某个时间点，正在发生的动作，用过去进行时。故填was running。 8．While we____________ (have) lunch, Tom was reading a story. 【答案】were having 【解析】句意：当我们吃午饭时，汤姆正在读一个故事。根据“while”可知，引导时间状语从句，从句时态用进行时，主句时态是过去进行时，因此此处从句时态是过去进行时，主语是we，were having符合句意，故填were having。 9．—____________ the students____________ (draw) when the teacher came in? —No , they____________ . 【答案】 Were drawing weren’t 【解析】句意：——老师进来时，学生们正在画画吗？——不，他们没有在画画。结合“when the teacher came in”可知，该句是过去进行时，其结构为“was/were+doing”，且该句是一般疑问句，而主语“the students”为复数名词，所以第一空要填“were”，首字母大写，而提示词“draw”的现在分词为“drawing”；根据回答语“No”可知，第三空要填“weren’t”。故填Were；drawing；weren’t。 10．The children____________ (swim) when they____________ (hear) a big noise outside. Later they knew that a huge tree____________ (fall) down because of the strong wind at that time. 【答案】 were swimming heard fell 【解析】句意：孩子们正在游泳，这时他们听到外面有很大的响声。后来他们知道，因为当时的强风，一棵大树倒下了。根据“The children ... (swim) when they ... (hear) a big noise outside.”可知，主句为过去进行时，“when”引导的从句是一般过去时，故第一空用过去进行时，且主语是“children”，需填were swimming；第二空用一般过去时，需填heard。第三空根据“they knew that”可知，时态为一般过去时，故第三空填过去式fell。故填were swimming；heard；fell。 二、单项选择 1．— I called you at 8:00 last night, but no one answered. — Oh, I ________ a shower at that time. A．take B．took C．was taking D．am taking 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——我昨晚8点给你打电话，但没人接。——哦，那时我正在洗澡。 考查动词时态辨析。take动词原形；took动词过去式；was taking过去进行时；am taking现在进行时。at that time“在那时”是过去进行时的标志词，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，结构为“was/were+现在分词”。故选C。 2．At 9 a. m. yesterday, the teacher ________ a lecture about tree protection in the hall. A．gives B．gave C．was giving D．has given 【答案】C 【解析】句意：昨天上午9点，老师正在礼堂做一场关于树木保护的讲座。 考查过去进行时的用法。gives是一般现在时（主语为第三人称单数时的谓语形式），用于描述经常、习惯性动作或客观事实；gave是一般过去时，表过去某个时间发生的动作；was giving是过去进行时，用于描述过去某个具体时刻或时间段正在进行的动作；has given是现在完成时，强调过去动作对现在的影响或动作从过去持续到现在。根据“At 9 a. m. yesterday”和时态含义可知，过去进行时精准匹配“昨天上午9点正在做讲座”的语境。故选C。 3．—Why didn’t you read my message at this time yesterday? —Sorry, I ________ a live show about Shenzhou-20 spaceship. A．watch B．watched C．am watching D．was watching 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——你昨天这个时候为什么没有看我的留言？——抱歉，我正在看关于神舟20号飞船的直播节目。 考查动词时态。根据“at this time yesterday”可知，此处强调过去某个具体时间正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时（was/were doing），故选D。 4．When I saw Mike yesterday, he ________ an old man cross the road. A．was helping B．helped C．is helping D．helps 【答案】A 【解析】句意：昨天我看到Mike时，他正在帮助一位老人过马路。 考查过去进行时。此句为When引导的时间状语从句。根据“When I saw Mike yesterday”可知，主句时态用过去进行时，强调“看到”这一时间点正在发生的动作，结构为was/were doing。主语为“he”，be动词用was，help的现在分词为helping。故选A。 5．—Hey, Kathy. How do you like my new shoes? —Oh, sorry. But what _________ you _________ just now? I _________ about something else. A．did; say; though B．have; said; was thinking C．did; say; was thinking D．have; said; thought 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——嘿，凯西。你觉得我的新鞋怎么样？——哦，对不起。你刚才说什么来着？我刚在正在想别的事。 考查动词时态。根据“just now”可知，该句是一般过去时，句中有实义动词，助动词填did，接动词原形say；根据“Oh, sorry.”以及“I…about something else.”可知，第三空描述过去正在进行的动作，应该说当时自己正在想别的事，因此填was thinking。故选C。 6．When the boy ________ in the morning yesterday, his mother ________ breakfast. A．got up; was cooking B．get up; cooks C．got up; cooked D．got up; is cooking 【答案】A 【解析】句意：昨天早上当男孩起床时，他的妈妈正在做早餐。 考查动词时态。get up起床；cook做饭。根据“When the boy… in the morning yesterday”中的时间状语yesterday morning可知第一个空需用一般过去时got up；根据“his mother…breakfast”可知妈妈过去正在进行的动作需用过去进行时was cooking。故选A。 7．—What happened to Mrs. Smart? —She cut herself while she ________ dinner. A．is preparing B．was preparing C．will prepare D．has prepared 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——Smart夫人发生什么事了？——她在准备晚饭的时候割伤了自己。 考查过去进行时。prepare准备，is preparing现在进行时；was preparing过去进行时；will prepare一般将来时；has prepared现在完成时。根据句中“What happened to Mrs. Smart”可知，这件事情是过去的，且这里表示“当她正在……的时候”，应用过去进行时。故选B。 8．—Sorry, I was cleaning up ______ Grandpa suddenly came over. That’s why it’s still a mess here. —Why don’t you ______ finishing it now? You should go through what you start. A．when; continue B．while; to continue C．when; to continue D．while; continue 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——对不起，我正在打扫卫生，爷爷突然过来了。这就是为什么这里还是一团糟。——你为什么不现在就继续完成呢？你应该有始有终。 考查连词辨析和动词形式。when当……时，强调主句动作进行中突然发生另一动作；while当……时，强调两个动作同时持续进行。根据“I was cleaning up...Grandpa suddenly came over”可知，后句是一个突然发生的动作，应用when引导时间状语从句；根据助动词“don’t”可知，第二空应用原形，Why don’t you do sth“你为什么不做某事”，表示建议。故选A。 9．—Were you at home at 8:00 last night? I called you but nobody answered. —Sorry, I ________ at that time. A．cook B．cooked C．was cooking D．am cooking 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——昨晚8点你在家吗？我给你打电话，但没人接。——对不起，我当时正在做饭。 考查动词时态。根据“Were you at home at 8:00 last night?”以及“at that time.”可知，需要解释在那个具体时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时。故选C。 10．—What did Mr. Smith say at the meeting? —Sorry. I didn’t hear well. I ________ a call from my friend. A．answered B．answer C．am answering D．was answering 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——史密斯先生在会上说了什么？——不好意思。我听得不太清楚。我当时正在接我朋友的电话。 考试时态。根据“What did Mr. Smith say at the meeting?”以及“I didn’t hear well.”可知，此处表示过去某一时刻，正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。故选D。 11．While my mother ________ dinner, my father was watching TV. A．was cooking B．cooked C．cooks D．is cooking 【答案】A 【解析】句意：当我妈妈在做晚饭时，我爸爸在看电视。 考查过去进行时。根据下文“my father was watching TV”可知，句中while“当……期间”引导时间状语从句，强调主从句动作在过去某一时间段内同时进行，因此主从句都需用过去进行时，其结构为：was/were doing。故选A。 12．The singer ________ onto the stage while the audience ________ loudly. A．came; were cheering B．comes; are cheering C．came; cheered D．was coming; cheered 【答案】A 【解析】句意：当观众大声欢呼时，歌手走上了舞台。 考查动词时态。while引导时间状语从句时，常强调主从句动作同时发生，从句常用进行时态。根据“The singer…onto the stage while the audience…loudly.”以及结合选项可知，主句“歌手走上舞台”是短暂性动作，用一般过去时“came”；从句“观众欢呼”是持续性动作，且与“歌手上台”同时进行，用过去进行时“was/were doing”。故选A。 13．The teacher ________ into the classroom while the students ________ loudly. A．came; were talking B．comes; are talking C．came; talked D．was coming; talked 【答案】A 【解析】句意：老师走进教室时，学生们正在大声交谈。 考查动词时态。根据“The teacher ... into the classroom”以及“while”引导时间状语从句可知，此处表示当老师进门时，学生们正在进行的动作，因此从句需用过去进行时，其结构是was/were+动词的现在分词。主语是the students，be动词用were，因此第二个空用were talking；“老师走进教室”是短暂发生的动作，因此第一个空用一般过去时came。故选A。 14．I called you at eight last night, but you didn’t answer. What ________ you ________ at that time? A．are; doing B．were; doing C．do; do D．did; do 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我昨晚8点给你打电话，但你没有接。那时候你在做什么？ 考查动词时态。根据“at that time”可知，此处询问过去某个时间对方正在做的事情，应该用过去进行时，主语是you，be动词用were。故选B。 15．While my mother ________ some washing, I ________ a kite for my little sister. A．did; made B．was doing; made C．was doing; was making D．did; was making 【答案】C 【解析】句意：当我妈妈在洗衣服时，我在给我的小妹妹做风筝。 考查过去进行时。did过去式；made制作，过去式；was doing过去进行时；was making过去进行时。while引导时间状语从句时，强调主从句动作同时进行，且多用进行时态。本句描述的是过去某个时间同时发生的动作，因此主从句都应用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were + 现在分词”。主语my mother和I均为单数，be动词都用was，do的现在分词是doing，make的现在分词是making，故选C。 16．—What was the girl doing when it began to rain heavily? —When it began to rain heavily, she ______ her homework at home. A．is doing B．does C．do D．was doing 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——开始下大雨时那个女孩正在做什么？——开始下大雨时，她正在家里做作业。 考查过去进行时。is doing现在进行时；does一般现在时，主语是单数；do一般现在时；was doing过去进行时。根据“What was the girl doing when it began to rain heavily?”可知，此处时态为过去进行时。故选D。 17．The crowd started cheering ________ he rose to speak. A．as B．since C．till D．where 【答案】A 【解析】句意：当他站起来说话的时候，人群开始欢呼起来。 考查连词辨析。as当……时；since自从；till直到；where在……的时候，根据空前的“The crowd started cheering”和空后的“he rose to speak”可知，应该是当他站起来说话的时候，人群开始欢呼起来，用as，故选A。 18．I was reading the book Marie Curie ________ my sister was doing her homework. A．while B．although C．if D．until 【答案】A 【解析】句意：当我妹妹在做作业的时候，我正在读《居里夫人》这本书。 考查从属连词辨析。while当……时候；although尽管；if如果；until直到。根据“I was reading the book Marie Curie...my sister was doing her homework.”可知，“我读书”和“妹妹做作业”这两个动作是同时进行的，此处用“while”连接。故选A。 19．China is getting stronger and stronger ________ its economy (经济) grows. A．with B．if C．as D．while 【答案】C 【解析】句意：随着经济的发展，中国变得越来越强大。 考查连词词义辨析。with随着，介词；if如果，连词，引导条件状语从句；as随着，连词，引导时间状语从句；while当……时，引导时间状语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处应是连词，故可排除A项；分析语境可知，经济的发展和中国变强大几乎是同时发生的，故此处想要表示“随着经济的发展”，故选C。 20．—________ we get older, we need to do something meaningful to help our parents. —Yeah, I can’t agree with you more. A．By B．As C．How D．So 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——随着年龄的增长，我们需要做一些有意义的事情来帮助父母。——是的，我非常同意你的观点。 考查连词。By通过，介词；As随着，连词；How怎样，连词；So所以，连词。根据“...we get older, we need to do something meaningful to help our parents.”可知，逗号前后为两个完整的句子，此空应填连词连接它们，且此处表达“随着年龄的增长，我们需要做一些事来帮助父母”，应用as引导时间状语从句。故选B。 三、完成句子 1．昨晚8点，我们在观看关于如何保护濒危动物的电视节目。 We____________ ____________ a TV programme about how to protect endangered animals at 8 p. m. last night. 【答案】 were watching 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“在观看”，结合“at 8 p. m. last night.”可知，时态应用过去进行时，构成为was/were doing，主语We为复数形式，be动词应用were；watch“观看”，现在分词为watching。故填were；watching。 2．He cleaned the blackboard yesterday. (用at that time yesterday 改写) He____________ ____________ the blackboard at that time yesterday. 【答案】 was cleaning 【解析】at that time yesterday表示“在昨天那个时候”，是过去进行时的标志词，所以改写后的句子要用过去进行时was/were doing的结构。主语he是第三人称，系动词用was。原句中谓语动词是clean，所以第二个空格填写动词的现在分词cleaning，故空格处填was,cleaning。故答案为was,cleaning。 3．我正在超市购物的时候，她给我打电话了。 She called me while I____________ ____________ in the supermarket. 【答案】 was shopping 【解析】购物：shop；结合“She called me while...”和语境可知，此处while引导的时间状语从句应用过去进行时“was/were doing”，主语是“I”，此时be动词用was。故填was；shopping。 4．____________ Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary____________ her homework. 琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在帮玛丽做作业。 【答案】 While with 【解析】分析句子可知，句子是while引导的时间状语从句，置于句首首字母需大写，help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，固定词组。故填While；with。 5．我在洗澡时电话响了。 The telephone rang____________ I was taking a bath. 【答案】while 【解析】while“当……时”，引导的时间状语从句后的动词为持续性的动作，表示一个动作在过去进行时，另一个动作也在同时发生，故填while。 6．以往我每次放学回家时，弟弟总是在玩玩具。 Every time I got home from school, my little brother____________ ____________ with toys. 【答案】 was playing 【解析】play“玩”，动词。根据句意可知，说话人回家的时候，弟弟正在玩玩具，所以应用过去进行时，主语是单数，be动词用was。故填was；playing。 7．He was listening to music. His mother came in.（改为复合句） He was listening to music____________ his mother came in. 【答案】when 【解析】句意：他正在听音乐。他妈妈进来了。根据“He was listening to music…his mother came in.”可知，此处表示一个动作发生时另一个动作正在进行，因此用when引导，表示“当……时候”。故填when。 8．昨天下午5点你在做什么？ What____________ you____________ at five yesterday afternoon? 【答案】 were doing 【解析】do“做”，动词；根据“at five yesterday afternoon”可知，时态为过去进行时，结构为was/were doing；主语为“you”，应用were；do的现在分词为doing。故填were；doing。 9．What did you do last weekend?（用at eight last night 改写句子） What____________ you____________ at eight last night? 【答案】 were doing 【解析】句意：上周末你做了什么？原句时间状语为last night是一般过去时，时间状语改为at eight last night是过去进行时，过去进行时谓语动为was/were+doing；特殊疑问句是特殊疑问词+一般疑问句，主语是you，和were搭配，原句动词do改为doing。故填were；doing。 10．They swam in the pool yesterday. (用 at 9:00 a.m. yesterday改写句子) They____________ ____________ in the pool at 9:00 a.m. yesterday. 【答案】 were swimming 【解析】根据at 9:00 a.m. yesterday可知句子的时态为过去进行时，用were swimming，故答案为(1). were    (2). swimming。 四、翻译 1．昨晚九点的时候，我正在看足球赛。(watch a football match) _______________________________________________________________ 【答案】I was watching a football match at 9:00 last night./At 9:00 last night, I was watching a football match. 【解析】昨晚九点的时候：at 9:00 last night，是过去进行时的标志词，在句中作状语，可以放在句首，也可以放在句末，句中应用过去进行时，看足球赛：watch a football match，主语是I，be动词用was，故填I was watching a football match at 9:00 last night./At 9:00 last night, I was watching a football match. 2．昨天这个时候我正在淋浴。(shower) _______________________________________________________________ 【答案】I was taking a shower (at) this time yesterday. 【解析】汉译英。昨天这个时候：(at) this time yesterday；我：I；淋浴：take a shower。由语境可知，此题用过去进行时来写，其结构是：was/were+动词的现在分词。主语是I，因此be 动词用was。故答案为：I was taking a shower (at) this time yesterday. 3．在那时，男孩们正在打篮球。(过去进行时) _______________________________________________________________ 【答案】The boys were playing basketball at that time. 【解析】根据要求可知，本句为过去进行时的陈述句。The定冠词，表示特指；boys“男孩们”，复数名词，作主语；were playing basketball“正在打篮球”，were+现在分词，作谓语；at that time“在那时”，过去进行时的时间状语，放在句末。故填The boys were playing basketball at that time. 4．他记得他正在图书馆里看书。 _______________________________________________________________ 【答案】He remembers that he was reading a book in the library. 【解析】remember“记得”，句子用一般现在时，主语是he，谓语动词用单三；that引导宾语从句；从句表示过去某个时间正在做的事情，用过去进行时，主语是he，be动词用was；read“读”；a book“一本书”；in the library“在图书馆”。故填He remembers that he was reading a book in the library. 5．今天早上我醒来的时候，外面正在下大雨。 _______________________________________________________________ 【答案】When I woke up this morning, it was raining heavily outside. 【解析】根据题干可知，本句是when引导的时间状语从句，主句时态用过去进行时，从句时态用一般过去时。it was raining heavily outside“外面正在下大雨”作主句；When I woke up this morning“今天早上我醒来的时候”作从句。故填When I woke up this morning, it was raining heavily outside. 6．昨天晚上8点到10点，我在看电视。 _______________________________________________________________ 【答案】I was watching TV from 8:00 to 10:00 last night. 【解析】分析句子可知，此处描述的是过去某一时刻正在发生的动作，时态用过去进行时，I“我”，作主语；be动词用“was”；“看电视”是“watch TV”，其现在分词形式是“watching TV”；“从……到……”用“from...to...”，“昨天晚上 8 点到 10 点”即“from 8 to 10 last night”。 故填I was watching TV from 8:00 to 10:00 last night. 7．当暴风雨来的时候，人们正在做什么？ _______________________________________________________________ 【答案】What were people doing when the rainstorm came? 【解析】根据汉语提示可知，这是一个含有时间状语从句的复合句。“当……时候”用when引导时间状语从句，“暴风雨”是rainstorm，“来”用came表示过去发生的动作；主句询问“人们正在做什么”，用过去进行时were doing，疑问词用What并置于句首。故填What were people doing when the rainstorm came? 8．当我到家的时候，我的爸爸正在看报。 _______________________________________________________________ 【答案】When I got home, my father was reading a newspaper./While my father was reading a newspaper, I got home. 【解析】当……时候：用when/while引导时间状语从句，我：I；到家：get home，已经发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语get用过去式got；我的爸爸：my father；看报：read a newspaper，过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，结构为was/were doing，my father作主语，be动词用was，read的现在分词为reading。故填When I got home, my father was reading a newspaper./While my father was reading a newspaper, I got home. 9．昨天当珍妮 (Jenny) 睡觉时，琳达 (Linda) 在浏览英文报纸。 _______________________________________________________________ 【答案】While Jenny was sleeping yesterday, Linda was reading an English newspaper. 【解析】昨天：yesterday；当……时：while；睡觉：sleep；浏览：read；英文报纸：English newspaper。结合语境可知，此句描述过去某个时刻正在发生的动作，时态为过去进行时，结构为“was/were + 现在分词”。“while”连接两个同时进行的动作，珍妮（Jenny）是第三人称单数，所以“睡觉”对应的谓语是“was sleeping”；琳达（Linda）也是第三人称单数，“浏览英文报纸”对应的谓语是“was reading an English newspaper”。故填While Jenny was sleeping yesterday, Linda was reading an English newspaper. 10．昨天当他回来的时候，我们正在下棋。 _______________________________________________________________ 【答案】When he came back yesterday, we were playing chess. 【解析】when“当……时”；play chess“下棋”；come back“回来”；yesterday“昨天”，从句用一般过去时，主句表示过去某个时刻正在发生的动作，用过去进行时结构，主语是we，be动词用were，故填When he came back yesterday, we were playing chess. 题型一 语法选择 World Water Day 2025 World Water Day happens every year on March 22nd. It 1 a day to think about our most important natural resource, water. We learn to save water and we learn about 2 water problems in some countries. Climate change is making it harder for some places to get enough water. Some countries are having more droughts. A drought is a disaster (灾难) where there is no rain for a long time, so plants, animals and people may die. The groundwater 3 very important at this time. Other countries are having more floods. A flood is a disaster where there is too 4 rain. The theme for World Water Day 2025 is “Glacier Preservation”. 5 know why we need to protect glaciers? Glaciers are huge blocks of ice in mountains and polar areas. They hold about 60% of the world’s fresh water! It is important for us to look after them and stop them from melting (融化). They help to get 6 fresh water from them. On World Water Day, adults and children across the world think about 7 importance of water. Water is very important to all life because humans, animals and plants would 8 without it. We need water to drink and we also need it 9 our bodies and clothes clean. Moreover, fresh water 10 by farmers to grow the food we eat every day. 1．A．am B．is C．are D．be 2．A．how does climate change cause B．how climate change causes C．how did climate change cause D．how climate change caused 3．A．becomes B．become C．became D．will become 4．A．many B．few C．much D．little 5．A．Are you B．You are C．Do you D．You do 6．A．lots of B．a lot C．a lots of D．lot of 7．A．a B．an C．/ D．the 8．A．die B．to die C．dies D．dying 9．A．give B．to give C．keep D．to keep 10．A．used B．uses C．is used D．was used 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．A 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文介绍了2025年世界水日。 1．句意：这是一个思考我们最重要的自然资源——水的日子。 am是，主语是I；is是，主语是第三人称单数形式；are是，主语是you或复数形式；be是，是动词原形。主语it是第三人称单数形式，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故选B。 2．句意：我们学会了节约用水，我们了解了气候变化是如何在一些国家造成水问题的。 how does climate change cause气候变化如何导致的，是疑问句语序，是一般现在时；how climate change causes气候变化如何导致的，是陈述语序，是一般现在时；how did climate change cause气候变化如何导致的，是疑问句语序，是一般过去时；how climate change caused气候变化如何导致的，是陈述语序，是一般过去时。此处作为宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AC两项，主句谓语learn about是一般现在时，因此后面接的宾语从句用一般现在时。故选B。 3．句意：地下水在这个时候变得非常重要。 becomes成为，是一般现在时；become成为，是动词原形；became成为，是一般过去时；will become成为，是一般将来时。根据“at this time”可知，此处用一般现在时，主句是the groundwater，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故选A。 4．句意：雨水过多的地方，洪水是一种灾难。 many很多的，修饰可数名词；few很少的，修饰可数名词；much很多的，修饰不可数名词；little很少的，修饰不可数名词。根据句意，雨水多的地方，洪水是一种灾难，rain是不可数名词，用much修饰。故选C。 5．句意：你知道我们为什么要保护冰川吗？ Are you你是……吗；是一般疑问句；You are你是……，是陈述句；Do you你……吗；是一般疑问句；You do你做了……，是陈述句。此处是一般疑问句，排除BD两项，谓语know是实义动词，因此句首用助动词do。故选C。 6．句意：他们帮助从他们那里获得很多淡水。 lots of很多的；a lot很多；a lots of表达错误；lot of表达错误。修饰不可数名词water，用lots of。故选A。 7．句意：在世界水日，世界各地的成人和儿童都在思考水的重要性。 a一个，修饰辅音音素开头的单词；an一个，修饰元音音素开头的单词；/零冠词；the那个，表示特指。the+名词+of表示“……的……”，the importance of“……的重要性”。故选D。 8．句意：水对所有生命都非常重要，因为没有水，人类、动物和植物就会死亡。 die死亡，是动词原形；to die死亡，是动词不定式；dies死亡，是一般现在时的第三人称单数形式；dying死亡，是现在分词。位于助动词would后，用动词原形。故选A。 9．句意：我们需要水喝，我们也需要它来保持我们的身体和衣服清洁。 give给，是动词原形；to give给，是动词不定式；keep保留，是动词原形；to keep保留，是动词不定式。need sth to do sth“需要某物做某事”，keep sth+形容词，表示“让某物保持某种状态”。故选D。 10．句意：此外，淡水被农民用来种植我们每天吃的食物。 used使用，是一般过去时；uses使用，是一般现在时的第三人称单数形式；is used被使用，是一般现在时；was used被使用，是一般过去时。根据“every day”可知，此处用一般现在时，主语fresh water与谓语use之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态。故选C。 题型二 语法填空 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 When Tina was 1 8-year-old girl, a rainstorm hit her hometown on a dark night. When the storm came, she 2 (play) in her room. Her brother was asleep and her mother was busy cooking in the kitchen. Her father was watching TV. 3 (sudden) all the lights went off. Then the rain beat 4 the doors and windows heavily. The wind 5 (blow) strongly, so her brother 6 (wake) up. He was scared and started 7 (cry). The family 8 (not do) anything. Tina’s father took out the flashlight 9 the batteries (电池) were dead. So her mother found some candles and a box of 10 (match). The next morning, after they listened to the news on the radio, they realized that a heavy rainstorm had happened. 1._______________ 2._______________ 3._______________ 4._______________ 5._______________ 6._______________ 7._______________ 8._______________ 9._______________ 10._______________ 【答案】 1．an 2．was playing 3．Suddenly 4．against 5．blew 6．woke 7．to cry/crying 8．didn’t do 9．but 10．matches 【导语】本文主要讲述了Tina一家人经历的一场严重的暴风雨。 1．句意：当Tina是一个8岁的女孩时，在一个漆黑的夜晚，一场暴雨袭击了她的家乡。根据“8-year-old girl”可知，此处是泛指一个8岁的女孩，“8”是元音音素开头的单词，不定冠词用an。故填an。 2．句意：暴风雨来的时候，她正在她的房间里玩。根据“When the storm came”可知，是指过去某一时刻正发生的事情，空处用过去进行时was/were doing，主语是she，be用was。故填was playing。 3．句意：突然，所有的灯都灭了。此处修饰整个句子，应用副词形式，句首首字母大写。故填Suddenly。 4．句意：然后雨重重地打在门窗上。beat against“敲打”。故填against。 5．句意：风刮得很猛，所以她的弟弟醒了。根据语境可知，时态是一般过去时，故谓语动词blow用过去式blew。故填blew。 6．句意：风刮得很猛，所以她的弟弟醒了。根据语境可知，时态是一般过去时，故谓语动词wake用过去式woke。故填woke。 7．句意：他很害怕，开始哭了。start to do/doing sth.“开始做某事”。故填to cry/crying。 8．句意：这家人什么也没做。根据语境可知指一般过去时，故借助助动词did。故填didn’t do。 9．句意：Tina的父亲拿出手电筒，但是电池没电了。根据“Tian’s father took out the flashlight, ... the batteries were dead.”可知，句子前后是转折关系，用but连接。故填but。 10．句意：于是，她妈妈找来了一些蜡烛和一盒火柴。根据“a box of”可知，是指一盒火柴，空处用名词复数matches。故填matches。 $$