定语从句讲义 - 2025-2026学年暑假仁爱科普版（2012）九年级英语上册

定语从句 一、 定语从句知识要点 1. 基本概念 定义：修饰名词或代词的从句，相当于形容词的功能。 结构：先行词（被修饰词） + 关系词（连接主从句） + 从句（不完整句子）。 位置：紧跟先行词后。 2. 关系词分类及用法 关词词 指代对象 从句成分 例句 who 人（主语/宾语） 主语/宾语 The girl who is singing is my sister. (主语) whom 人（宾语） 宾语 The man (whom) you met is our principal. (可省略) whose 人/物（所有格） 定语 This is the boy whose father is a doctor. which 物（主语/宾语） 主语/宾语 The book (which) I bought is interesting. (宾语可省略) | that 人/物（主语/宾语） 主语/宾语 The dog that barks loudly is mine. (主语) when 时间名词（day, year等） 时间状语 I remember the day when we first met. where 地点名词（place, city等） 地点状语 This is the school where I study. why reason（仅限先行词为reason） 原因状语 Tell me the reason why you were late. who、which、that 是常考点 3. 核心规则 （1）关系词选择三步法 1. 找先行词（确定是人/物/时间/地点） 2. 看关系词在从句中充当的成分（主语/宾语/状语等） 3. 根据表格选择正确关系词 （2）必须用that的情况 1. 先行词是不定代词（all, everything, nothing等） All that I have is yours. 2. 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰 This is the best movie that I've ever seen. 3. 先行词既指人又指物时 They talked about the people and things that they remembered. 4. 先行词被all，any，every，each，much，little，no，some，few，the only，the very修 饰时 5. 句中已经有了who或which，为避免重复时 （3）关系词省略条件 1. 关系词作宾语时可省略（who/whom/which/that） The pen (which) you lent me is nice. 2. 非正式文体中，关系词作表语可省略 He isn't the man (that) he used to be. （4）不用that的情况 1. 介词后（介词+which/whom） The house in which I live is old. (❌ in that) 2. 非限制性定语从句（用逗号隔开，用which/who等） Mr. Smith, who teaches us English, is kind. 二、 定语从句专项练习 练习一：选择正确的关系词 1. The boy ______ is playing basketball is my cousin. A. who B. which C. whose 2. This is the museum ______ we visited last year. A. where B. which C. why 3. The girl ______ mother is a teacher sits next to me. A. who B, whose C. whom 4. I still remember the day ______ I first came to this school. A. which B. when C. who 5. The reason ______ he failed was his carelessness. A. why B. which C. whose 练习二：用关系词填空（可省略时划/） 1. The movie __________ we saw yesterday was exciting. 2. The teacher __________ teaches us math is very strict. 3. The park __________ children often play is being rebuilt. 4. Is this the book __________ you are looking for? 5. She is the most careful student __________ I have ever met. 练习三：合并句子（改为含定语从句的复合句） 1. The man is my uncle. He is standing under the tree. → The man ________________________ is my uncle. 2. I lost the watch. My father gave it to me. → I lost the watch ________________________. 3. The school is very famous. Her daughter studies there. → The school ________________________ is very famous. 4. July is the month. The weather is the hottest then. → July is the month ________________________. 5. The reason is unclear. He left for that reason. → The reason ________________________ is unclear. 练习四：改错（每句1处错误） 1. This is the factory where my father works in. 2. The person who you want to see has arrived. 3. Everything which happened was unexpected. 4. The day when we spent together was wonderful. 5. She has two brothers, that are both doctors. 参考答案： 练习一： 1. A 2. B 3.B 4. B 5. A 练习二： 1. (which/that/) 2. who 3. where 4. (which/that/) 5. that 练习三： 1. who is standing under the tree 2. (which/that) my father gave to me 3. where her daughter studies 4. when the weather is the hottest 5. why he left 练习四： 1. 去掉in 或 where→which 2. who→whom/（可省略） 3. which→that 4. when→which/that/（可省略） 5. that→who 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$