第23讲 语法填空无提示词（专项训练）（北京专用）2026年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

第23讲 语法填空无提示词 目录 01 课标达标练 考向01 考查三大从句连接词 考向02 考查介词、冠词和并列连词及其它 02 核心突破练 03 真题溯源练 考向01 考查三大从句连接词 1.（2025年·平谷·一模） She also emphasizes that humor in the classroom is not about making jokes but about ____19____ you make students feel a certain way. 2.（2025年·海淀·二模） I was quite nervous because I had no idea ___12___ difficulties I would encounter at the border control department. 3.（2025年·海淀·二模）Some people, ___15___ live a green and cost-effective lifestyle, prefer homemade meals over pricey light foods. 4.（2025年·朝阳·二模）Compared to studio work, a live album is more powerful ___18___ musicians only get one shot to deliver a performance. 5.（2025年·平谷·一模）The tiny pup, called “Roo”, lost her front legs and had to jump on her hind legs for mobility. So, the Steel Eagles Robotics Team put their minds to work and began building a wheelchair, ____14____ gave Roo two wheels in place of her front legs. 6.（2025年·顺义·一模）Very heavy traffic on a highway, two small children were making life challenging for their parents. A teenager asked ___11___ he could help. 7.（2025年·顺义·一模)It’s considered a harmonious coexistence between humans and nature, ___20___ also shows local people’s wisdom to respect and make use of nature. 8.（2025年·西城·一模）The surprise came when I received a thank-you letter from a family _____12_____ benefited from our donations. 9.（2025年·丰台·二模） At that moment, ____16____ I witnessed was the beautiful way a mother’s love could ripple out into the world. 10.（2025年·昌平·一模）Research shows that people are more likely to maintain an exercise routine if they enjoy the activities they choose. If the exercise you are doing is not enjoyable, your motivation will gradually decrease. So you need to find ____14____ interests you. Some gyms offer a taster session before you sign up, ____15____ can help you get a feel for what a new place might be like. 11.（2025年·东城·一模）Then they sat quietly in front of the dog while the recording played. The dogs usually approached — or at least spent more time looking at — the person ____16____ voice they heard. Experts hope to study whether other mammals have this skill, so they can better understand ____17____ different species learn to communicate with each other. 12.（2025年·朝阳·一模）“____13____ makes the event so special is that it showcases Hainan’s unique cultural identity. I hope this event continues to grow,” she remarked. 13.（2025年·朝阳·一模）DeepSeek-R1, ____14____ core technologies are built upon a next-generation large language model architecture, highlights China’s growing strength in AI innovation.14.（2025年·海淀·一模） His breakthrough came in 2019 with the masterpiece Ne Zha ____12____ proved Chinese animation could rival global giants.15.（2025年·海淀·一模） To figure out whether alone time energizes or consumes you, you’d better dedicate a full day just to yourself and observe ____17____ it affects your emotions. 16.（2024-2025学年北京市八一学校高三下学期开学考）But the Internet is full of conflicting health warnings with no regulation to remove the wrong advice, some of 69 is extremely dangerous! Also, search engines rank results by popularity rather than accuracy, so solid facts can be tricky to find. 17.（2024-2025学年北京市八一学校高三下学期开学考）You have probably dreamed about 72 you would change the world, only to find that it seems impossible. 18.（2024-2025学年北京市第二十二中学高三下学期开学考）That’s prompted investors to rethink the heady valuations of companies like Nvidia, 1 equipment powers the most advanced AI systems, as well as the enormous investments that large companies are making to build their businesses. 19.（2024-2025学年北京市房山区2高三上学期期末）They all showed me what we can learn from animals in their own ways, such as a tiny mouse 8 bravery changed my life forever. 20.（2024-2025学年北京市海淀区高三上学期期末）But we may have got into a situation, some experts suggest, 4 intensive parenting has become too intense for parents. 21.（2024-2025学年北京市海淀区高三上学期期末）We all have been in this situation: At a meeting, everyone else agrees on a solution, and you are the only one still opposing it, or at least doubting 5 it will work. 22.（2024-2025学年北京市西城区高三上学期期末）My sons, Liam and Patrick, love baking our family’s special Swedish bread, 1 we make only once a year. 23.According to Chinese legend, the first umbrella in ancient China was invented by Lady Yun, the wife of Lu Ban, a renowned craftsman in Chinese history. At the time, people relied on straw hats and capes during rainy days, proved inconvenient for travel. 24.（Whether it’s out of love and interest, a desire to help those with hearing loss, simply for situations where speaking is difficult due to illness, sign language can be very useful. 25.It is estimated about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’ hybrid strain. 26.Dashuhua is more than a spectacle (精彩表演); it embodies the courage, skill, and perseverance of its performers, fight to keep this cultural treasure alive for future generations. 27.The durability of the wooden buildings has stood the test of time, of the Forbidden City is a good example. 28.One newly uploaded video showed she turned a woodshed into a woodland cloakroom (衣帽间), and the other showcased her craft using the intangible cultural heritage Chinese lacquerware (漆器) techniques. 29.A long scroll (卷轴) of the “Along the River During the Qingming Festival,” an iconic painting of the Northern Song Dynasty, constructed straight from LEGO bricks, has been on display since Sep 25th. Covering 47 square meters, this LEGO exhibit, has delicately pieced together a marvelous world the old and the new meet. 30.“The music makes you happy because the melodies are cheerful.” said Tang Baoshan, started learning the folk songs when he was a child and soon demonstrated a talent for the form. 31.The culture of bird-keeping and birdcage-making has been deeply rooted in Hong Kong society since the 1920s and 1930s. In the past, many bird owners would bring their birds to the tea houses they socialized with other bird enthusiasts.32.The Donglin Academy of Classical Learning was founded during the Northern Song Dynasty. For a long time, it was a place lectures were given by the famous scholar Yang Shi. 33.Through the artwork, the development of Chinese painting between the 4th and 14th centuries can be clearly observed, shows how valuable the Mogao Grottoes are for anyone who wants to study the history of Chinese art. 34.But truly twisted her heart at that time,she said, was the backward and dangerous practices of local midwives and the hardships faced by expectant mothers and newborns in Jiaxian. 35. it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate. 36.The true magic of shadow play lies not just in its making, but in its live performance, a team of puppeteers (木偶操纵师), narrators, and musicians work together in harmony. 37.“Covering over 100,000 square meters, it’s now at a stage in its main structure is going through a construction phase, with the main buildings gradually taking shape. 38. makes Yunjin special is its complicated weaving process, requiring two workers to operate a large wooden loom (织布机) together. 39.The Central Axis dates back to the Yuan Dynasty, while its length was extended in the Ming and Qing dynasties. It is an epitome (缩影)of traditional city design, in the central position is the emphasis, indicating the purpose of constructing social order and standardizing social life through the city layout. 40.In the 4: 02-minute video, it showcases various stages of the robotic production line at its Lingang Fengxian factory in Shanghai, 8 features self-made humanoid robots working alongside human workers. Moreover, the company has established 9 it calls a “data collection factory” for real-world data gathering, including training scenarios such as folding clothes, organizing, cleaning and doing the laundry. 考向02 考查介词、冠词和并列连词及其它 1.（2025年·海淀·二模）A foreign tourist shared his travel experience with visa-free entry in China on social media. “Before my trip ___11___ China in April. I was quite nervous because I had no idea ___what12___ difficulties I would encounter at the border control department. 2.（2025年·顺义·一模) Chinese researchers have disclosed a novel application of the Earth science satellite SDGSAT-1 for observing offshore oil and gas platforms. The study, led ___14___ researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), was recently published in the International Journal of Digital Earth. 3.（2025年·西城·一模）Tsinghua University plans to increase its undergraduate enrollment (本科招生人数) ____14____ about 150 in 2025 and establish a new undergraduate school focused on combining artificial intelligence (AI) with various fields of study. 4.（2025年·昌平·一模） Educators suggest limiting screen time and engaging ____20____ offline some activities. After all, technology is meant to serve humans, not control them. 5.（2025年·东城·一模） A woman and her little daughter excitedly told us shoes had flown ____12____ our car! We realized our other friend must have left them on the roof. We thanked them and went back to search, ____13____ we couldn’t find the shoes until the same car reappeared! 6.（2025年·朝阳·一模）____17____ the development of DeepSeek-R1, China shows the world that great things come from new ideas and hard work, not just money. 7.（2025年·海淀·一模）People will act if the challenge ____feels 18____ (feel) personal — not just about the planet, polar bears, or humanity ____19____ a whole. 8.（2024-2025学年北京市育英中学高三下学期开学考）The hugs received from other competitors are always remarked in the Games because the true Olympic spirit is 3 victory and national boundaries. 9.（2024-2025学年北京市北京师范大学第二附属中学高三下学期英语统练5）But when adult children use the most effective tool they have-themselves-to gain a sense of security and ban their parents 19 their lives, the roles are simply 20 (simple) switched, and the pain only deepens. 10.（2024-2025学年北京大学附属中学高三下学期开学考）The post-pandemic educational systems, in particular, have experienced a shift toward including streaming of everyday lectures 22 our daily lives, allowing various playback speed options. 10.（2024-2025学年北京师范大学第二附属中学高三下学期统练3）We imagine people are talking about us 33 our backs, that we have cancer, that we are inadequate, and vulnerable to more than our share of bad luck. 11.（2024-2025学年北京市通州区运河中学高三下学期开学）The best crabs appear early — in the ninth lunar month for females, when the roe (蟹黄) is 47 its peak. 12.（2024-2025学年北京市第二十二中学高三下学期开学考）The release of DeepSeek-R1 sent shockwaves through the US tech industry because it is fully open-source and achieved this breakthrough 9 an exceptionally low cost. DeepSeek can match the abilities of cutting-edge chatbots while using a fraction of the specialized computer chips that leading AI companies rely on. 13.（2024-2025学年北京市北京景山学校高三下开学考）Even in very high temperatures, the gel won’t burn off. Tests showed that this new gel can protect wood 3 over seven minutes, compared to the less than 90 seconds provided by currently used gels 14.（2024-2025学年北京市房山区2高三上学期期末）Smartphones are very useful and often we can’t imagine life 2 them. But they could be harmful as well. 15.（2024-2025学年北京市西城区高三上学期期末）The recipe was passed down from my great-grandmother to my great-uncle Olof, who baked it every week and later taught it 1 me when I was fourteen. As we bake, we share family stories. 16.These novels, originally published on the platform operated by Yuewen, online Chinese literature company, are deeply loved by readers online. 17.During the Ming Dynasty, shadow plays became 58 most popular form of entertainment, especially in cities like Beijing. 18.The puppeteers, standing behind the screen, move the figures with five bamboo sticks, while the narrators sing and the musicians play instruments like drums and gongs. 4 the opposite side, audiences see the figures on the screen come to life through the shadows, whose movements are so expressive65 (express) that people forget they’re just watching shadows. 19.“Covering over 100,000 square meters, it’s now at a stage in which its main structure is going through a construction phase, 58 the main buildings gradually taking shape. The outside surface of the branch’s buildings has red walls and golden 59 (roof) to match the Palace Museum’s architectural aesthetics. 20.Nanjing Yunjin, recognized as one of China’s “Four Great Brocades (锦缎)” has 36 history spanning over 1,600 years, dating back to the Eastern Jin Dynasty. .Designers combine traditional patterns 42 modem ideas, using them in clothes, bags, and home decorations.To preserve this art, Nanjing established a Yunjin Museum and digital archives (档案) years ago, and workshops train new generations. 45 , challenges continue to exist, such as the declining number of master weavers. As a bridge between past and present, Yunjin continues to charm the world, proving that ancient craftsmanship can boost itself in the modern era. 21.Following its inclusion on the world heritage list, visits rose significantly 38 the central axis becoming a must visit for both domestic and international tourists. 22.Although Beijing’s cultural heritage remained central to 43 (it) tourism appeal last year, previously visited as stand-alone sites, these landmarks now collectively 44 (collective) draw crowds as part of the “Citywalk” experience, offering tourists 45 new perspective on Beijing’s history and culture. 23.In 37 4: 02-minute video, it showcases various stages of the robotic production line at its Lingang Fengxian factory in Shanghai, which features self-made humanoid robots working alongside human workers. Industry observer Hong Shaodun notes that humanoid robots have evolved from laboratory prototypes to substaintial products, 40 this year’s robots entering a phase of increased intelligence and versatility (多功能). 24.Its side composed of crossing steel slopes facilitates access for pedestrians and cyclists and serves 65 a window frame through which the surrounding natural and built environment can be viewed. 25.Inspired by the complex river system that exists in Dujiangyan county, the two-story space embodies Chongqing’s unique geographical environment 57 an “8D Mountain City”. ... 26.Parker, a linguistics (语言学) student, studies Chinese dialects, while Hansen, fluent 8 multiple languages, has lived in Beijing for years. ... 27.The website’s detailed information about speakers, including ethnic background and education, makes it more engaging and accessible than traditional language research platforms, aiming to preserve 5 unique appeal of each dialect. 28.The act rapidly made headlines around the world. The International Olympic Committee praised He Bingjiao 2 showing the Olympic values of respect and friendship. 29.Pau Gasol, the legendary Spanish basketball player, called it 4 beautiful display of Olympic spirit. 30.It provides an opportunity people from different backgrounds, in which they can learn about and appreciate each other’s cultures. 题型一 阅读理解 1 （2025·北京东城·一模）Years after my art history class, I am insufferable at museums. “That’s definitely a Matisse,” I say. “You can telI because of the brushwork and the use of colour.” Sometimes it is not a Matisse but oftentimes it is. It is unsettling to learn, then, that for all of my carefully won art appreciation, I am in danger of being surpassed by an insect. In a recent study, honeybees — whose brains are the size of grass seeds — were shown Picassos and Monets paired side by side. Below the prints were two small containers, one containing sugar water and the other nothing at all. Which to enter? Bees couldn’t see or smell whether a given container held the treat until they’d already flown inside it. But they could let the masterpieces guide them: for some bees, the reward was always under the Picasso, while for the rest it was under the Monet. Over the course of many trials, the bees learned to fly straight for the correct container. Indeed, they even performed slightly better than chance when faced with pairs of paintings they’d never seen before. The bees had learned to discriminate, however modestly, between the two artists’ styles. To be sure, humans still have the edge. Last year a team of researchers led by Liane Gabora found that art students were perfectly capable of identifying which well-known artist was behind which unknown painting. Creative writing students were similarly excellent at spotting little-read passages by Hemingway or Dickens — a skill I can only assume no honeybee has yet demonstrated. Even more impressively, though, the students could recognize as-yet-unseen samples of each other’s work, including work in entirely different mediums. Creative writers could identify their fellow writers’ paintings and sketches; painters had a pretty good idea who’d brought which poem or clay pot. It’s clear what the bees were doing: picking up and categorizing complex visual patterns in the pairs of images. But recognizing differences across mediums is altogether different. Whether we’re writing poems or building sculptures, Gabora argues, we’re doing so with the same mind: one that structures information in the same way, has been shaped by the same experiences, and longs to express the same ideas. Naturally, our techniques and preoccupations in one domain should “out” us in another. But still I wonder: Just what about these techniques and preoccupations did the trick? The researchers did their best to keep subject matter from ruling the day by instructing, for instance, artists who happened to be surfers not to bring in art that depicted (描绘) surfing. But what of less obvious subject matter — like Western landscapes? And what of the obsessions that come into our work unawares? A correlational study like this one will not answer these questions. Perhaps my biggest question has to do with people who don’t identify as artists, and haven’t settled — or at least would claim so-on a personal style. Are their creations also a reflection of their worldview? It seems likely that, at least to some extent, bad art is all alike, while only good art is good in its own way. 31．Why does the author mention bees? A．To present an example. B．To put forward a theory. C．To draw out a comparison. D．To highlight a research finding. 32．Why does the author think humans still have the edge? A．Because we can transfer our experiences. B．Because we can discriminate styles. C．Because we can categorize patterns. D．Because we can learn from trials. 33．What does the underlined word “out” in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A．Assist. B．Trick. C．Beat. D．Expose. 34．What might be the best title for the passage? A．Will Bees Beat Humans? B．How Will You View a View? C．Why Good Art Works Wonders? D．What Makes Hemingway Hemingway? 2 （2025·北京朝阳·高三下二次六联）In recent years American society has become increasingly dependent on its universities to find solutions to its major problems. It is the universities that have been charged with the principal responsibility for developing the expertise to place men on the moon; for dealing with our urban problems and with our deteriorating environment; for developing the means to feed the world’s rapidly increasing population. The effort involved in meeting these demands presents its own problems. In addition, this concentration on the creation of new knowledge significantly impacts on the universities’ efforts to perform their other principal functions, the transmission and interpretation of knowledge—the imparting (传授) of the heritage of the past and the preparing of the next generation to carry it forward. With regard to this, perhaps their most traditionally acknowledged task, colleges and universities today find themselves in a serious bind generally. On the one hand, there is the American commitment, entered into especially since World War II, to provide higher education for all young people who can profit from it. The result of the commitment has been a dramatic rise in enrollments in our universities, coupled with a radical (激进的) shift from the private to the public sector of higher education. On the other hand, there are serious and continuing limitations on the resources available for higher education. While higher education has become a great “growth industry”, it is also simultaneously a tremendous drain on the resources of nation. With the vast increase in enrollment and the shift in priorities away from education in state and federal budgets, there is in most of our public institutions a significant decrease in per capita (人均) outlay for their students. One crucial aspect of this drain on resources lies in the persistent shortage of trained faculty, which has led, in turn, to a declining standard of competence in instruction. Intensifying these difficulties is, as indicated above, the concern with research, with its competing claims on resources and the attention of the faculty. In addition, there is a strong tendency for the institutions’ organization and functioning to fulfill the demands of research rather than those of teaching. 31．According to the passage, ________ should be the most important function of institutions of higher education. A．creating new knowledge B．providing solutions to social problems C．making experts on sophisticated industries out of their students D．preparing their students to transmit inherited knowledge 32．In American universities, there is a contradiction (矛盾) between ________. A．more students and less investment B．education quality and economic profit C．low enrollment rate and high dropout rate D．private ownership and American commitment 33．Which is True about American universities? A．Most teachers are devoted to improving their competence in instruction. B．Research occupies more resources and teachers’ attention than teaching. C．The institutions’ organization tends to meet the demands of teaching. D．The lack of trained faculty leads to the decline in the quality of researches. 34．We can infer from the passage that________. A．high quality attracts students to stay in public universities B．the American commitment is to blame for all the difficulties C．higher education used to have a priority in government budgets D．the increasing expenses for each student drain the national resources 题型二 完形填空 （2025·北京房山·一模）It was hot. And it was Saturday! “I 1 pulling weeds!” I thought. Still, I made sure to pull every annoying weed. My dad could 2 a single weed a mile away. And if he spotted even one, I’d be stuck working all day. “Dad, I’m done,” I shouted from the garden, feeling sure that I had done a good job. But then Dad 3 out of the house. “Don’t shout!” he said, waving an angry finger, “you missed a spot.” I sighed and went back to work. Atter a while, I looked back at Dad. He still wore that mad look on his face, his eyes searching the garden as if he could find every tiny imperfection. “Okay,” he said, 4 , “I guess you’ re done.” As Dad walked back to the house, I wondered if he liked me. Two weeks later, on the morning of another weed picking weekend, I woke up feverish. “Let’s go,” Dad said, 5 me from the bed. “You need to see a doctor.” “Please, no,” I said in a 6 voice, “I’d rather pull weeds.” He took me anyway, and the doctor said I had pneumonia (肺炎). That night a (n) 7 woke me from my sleep. I saw my dad who came up to me and put his hand against my 8 . Then, I saw him 9 something on my table. When he left, I found a necklace with a charm shaped like a small dog, just like my favorite pet. I held it to my heart and cried. My dad, who never hugged me or said, “I 10 you”, had just said it all. 1．A．prefer B．tolerate C．avoid D．hate 2．A．see B．mark C．remove D．ignore 3．A．bounded B．struggled C．slipped D．stormed 4．A．turning away B．breaking down C．nodding off D．rushing forward 5．A．waking B．lifting C．shaking D．rescuing 6．A．confident B．strange C．cheerful D．weak 7．A．scream B．noise C．alarm D．whisper 8．A．arm B．shoulder C．forehead D．wrist 9．A．lay B．throw C．write D．adjust 10．A．respect B．trust C．love D．miss 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的父亲让作者拔草，而作者讨厌这一活动，父亲的态度让作者怀疑父亲对自己的爱。直到作者生病，父亲送了一条项链，表达自己的爱。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我讨厌拔草！”我想。A. prefer偏爱；B. tolerate忍受；C. avoid避免；D. hate讨厌。根据后文“Still, I made sure to pull every annoying weed.(尽管如此，我还是把所有烦人的草都拔掉了)”可知，作者讨厌拔草。故选D。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我爸一英里外就能看到一株杂草。A. see看见；B. mark标记；C. remove去除；D. ignore忽视。根据后文“a single weed a mile away”指父亲很远就能看见杂草。故选A。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后爸爸就怒气冲冲地走出了房子。A. bounded跳跃；B. struggled努力；C. slipped滑动；D. stormed猛烈攻击，怒气冲冲地走出。根据后文““Don’t shout!” he said, waving an angry finger, “you missed a spot.”(“别喊！”他生气地挥舞着手指说，“你漏了一个地方。”)”可知，指父亲怒气冲冲地走出了房子。故选D。 4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：“好吧，”他说着转过身去“我想你做完了。”A. turning away转移；B. breaking down出故障；C. nodding off打瞌睡；D. rushing forward向前冲。根据后文“As Dad walked back to the house, I wondered if he liked me.(当爸爸走回家的时候，我怀疑他是否喜欢我)”指父亲检查完作者的工作，转身回家。故选A。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们走吧，”爸爸说着，把我从床上抱起来。A. waking散步；B. lifting举起；C. shaking摇晃；D. rescuing救援。根据后文“me from the bed”指把作者从床上抱起来，故选B。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“请不要，”我用微弱的声音说，“我宁愿拔草。”A. confident自信的；B. strange奇怪的；C. cheerful欢呼的；D. weak虚弱的。根据上文“Two weeks later, on the morning of another weed picking weekend, I woke up feverish.(两周后，在另一个采摘杂草的周末早晨，我醒来时发烧了)”指作者因为发烧而虚弱。故选D。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，一阵嘈杂声把我从睡梦中吵醒。A. scream尖叫；B. noise噪音；C. alarm警报；D. whisper低语。根据后文“woke me from my sleep”指噪音吵醒了作者。故选B。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看见我爸爸，他走到我跟前，把手放在我的额头上。A. arm胳膊；B. shoulder肩膀；C. forehead前额；D. wrist手腕。根据上文“I woke up feverish.”提到作者发烧，推测父亲手放在作者额头上查看作者体温。故选C。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我看见他把什么东西放在我的桌子上。A. lay安放；B. throw扔；C. write写；D. adjust调整。根据后文“When he left, I found a necklace with a charm shaped like a small dog, just like my favorite pet. I held it to my heart and cried.(当他离开时，我发现了一条项链，项链上的符咒形状像一只小狗，就像我最喜欢的宠物一样。我把它抱在胸前哭了起来)”可知，父亲放下了一条项链。故选A。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的父亲从来没有拥抱过我，也没有说过“我爱你”，但他刚刚把一切都说了出来。A. respect尊重；B. trust信任；C. love爱；D. miss错过。根据上文“As Dad walked back to the house, I wondered if he liked me.(当爸爸走回家的时候，我怀疑他是否喜欢我)”以及父亲送作者项链，可知父亲用行动表明了自己对作者的爱。故选C。 2025年 Text 1 【2025全国二卷】I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, 56 bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and 57 (center) heating doesn’t exist. Nothing in my life before prepared me 58 this one-and to be sure, the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area. But it’s amazing how you can adapt 59 learn in a new environment. Over time, I’ve found 60 (I) feeling extremely at home here. And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes 61 (be) one of them.      Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance 62 (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the 63 (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky 64 (afternoon) with lots of fresh air. If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt 65 (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders. Text 2 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 【2025北京卷】Most days after school, I love walking in the forest with my dog Nick. It’s ____11____ (peace), especially around sunset. Nick has a fun time smelling the leaves and running after rabbits. When Nick runs ahead, I hear him barking excitedly. I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone ____12____ (scare). The truth, though, is ____13____ could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest. 2024年 Text 1 【2024北京卷】One day, I saw a boy walking along George Street with an armful of books. I thought ___18___ myself, “Why would he carry all his books? ” Just then, some kids ran at him, ___19___ (knock) his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. My heart went out to him, and I ___20___ (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!”Text 2 2023年 Test 1 【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach…the animals? Since June 2017, right before the ___36___ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ___37___ (confidence) speaking English. And who do they speak English ___38___? Not the pandas, even though ___39___ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to ___40___ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give ___41___ (interview) in English with international journalists. This is ___42___ they need an English trainer. So, what are they learning? ___43___ (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop ___44___ to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I ___45___ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English. Text 2 【2023年北京卷】Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones on punctuality (守时). I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I ____11____(throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up ____12____(exact) on time. Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest____13____(arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. 2022年 Test 1 【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1. 2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___36___ (fall) child. Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK. ___37___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ___38___ (sleep) while watching TV. Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___39___ (see) them. When he looked down, he ___40___ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes ___41___ screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him. Henry ___42___ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ___43___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. He saved my ___44___ (son) life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know ___45___ to thank him. ” "I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry. Test 3 【2022年全国甲卷】A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___41___ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___42___ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___43___ (bold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. ___44___ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ___45___ (protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___46___ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey. In the last five cars. Cao ___47___ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___48___ (high) mountain. Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers ___49___ Xi’an to Kashgar on seat. 20, ___50___ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months. Test 4 【2022年北京卷】Helen was walking down the street late ____11____ the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. Focused on balancing the bags, she didn’t notice her wallet falling out of her pocket. As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention ____12____ (harm) her, Helen started to run. Eventually, the man ____13____ (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet! Test 5 【2022年北京卷】Since people can’t always eat out or cook for ____17____ (they), they get takeout or order delivery. More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of ____18____ are only good for one use. That’s a big problem and it is getting even ____19____ (bad). The use of those plastics ____20____ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 2021年 Test 1 【2021年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】I've always loved the ocean. In the____36____ (seven) grade,I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ____37____ (think)it is food. I decided to do something ____38____ (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company____39____ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back. One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws （吸管）. I found the contact information of the company____40____ emailed its president. I told him how ____41____ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so____42____ (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half. I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to ____43____ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company ____44____ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over _____45_____ plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights. Test 2 【2021年全国甲卷】The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It ___41___ (build) originally to protect the city ___42___ the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). It is possible ___43___ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall. After ___44___ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what ___45___ (good) than to ride on a piece of history! We ___46___ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky ___47___ did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all ___48___ way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and ___49___ (watchtower) to fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their ____50____ (day) routines. Test 3 【2021年浙江卷6月】It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, ___36___ （prove）irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. Beautifully restored（修复）to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln's home for 17 years. In 1844 they bought it ___37___ $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ___38___ （marry）ceremony in 1842. When the house was built, it was much ___39___ （small）than it is today. Mary's niece wrote, "The little home ___40___ （paint）white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of ___41___ （she）, everything in good taste and in perfect order. Although Mary loved flowers, ___42___ she nor her husband was known as a gardener. A long- time neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year. Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over ___43___ （plant）flowers in the front yard. ___44___ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and ____45____ （sell）most of their furniture. 20 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第23讲 语法填空无提示词 目录 01 课标达标练 考向01 考查三大从句连接词 考向02 考查介词、冠词和并列连词及其它 02 核心突破练 03 真题溯源练 考向01 考查三大从句连接词 1.（2025年·平谷·一模） She also emphasizes that humor in the classroom is not about making jokes but about ____19____ you make students feel a certain way. 【19题详解】 考查连接副词。句意：她还强调，课堂上的幽默不是为了讲笑话，而是关于你如何让学生感受到某种情绪。设空处需要引导宾语从句，表示方式，故用“how”。故填how。 2.（2025年·海淀·二模） I was quite nervous because I had no idea ___12___ difficulties I would encounter at the border control department. 【12题详解】 考查同位语从句。句意：在我四月份去中国旅行之前，我相当紧张，因为我不知道在边境管控部门我会遇到什么样的困难。空处引导同位语从句，空处作定语，修饰名词difficulties，需用连接代词what引导。故填what。 3.（2025年·海淀·二模）Some people, ___15___ live a green and cost-effective lifestyle, prefer homemade meals over pricey light foods. 【15题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：一些人，他们过着环保且经济实惠的生活方式，更愿意选择自制餐食，而不是价格昂贵的轻食。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是some people，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 4.（2025年·朝阳·二模）Compared to studio work, a live album is more powerful ___18___ musicians only get one shot to deliver a performance. 【18题详解】 考查连词。句意：与录音室作品相比，现场专辑更有力量，因为音乐家只有一次机会来表演。根据空前后句意可知，此处前后句之间是因果关系，所以空处需用连词because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 5.（2025年·平谷·一模）The tiny pup, called “Roo”, lost her front legs and had to jump on her hind legs for mobility. So, the Steel Eagles Robotics Team put their minds to work and began building a wheelchair, ____14____ gave Roo two wheels in place of her front legs. 【14题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：钢铁雄鹰机器人团队开动脑筋，开始制作一个轮椅，这个轮椅让Roo有了两个轮子来代替它的前腿。空处引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词wheelchair，先行词指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which。故填which。 6.（2025年·顺义·一模）Very heavy traffic on a highway, two small children were making life challenging for their parents. A teenager asked ___11___ he could help. 【11题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：一个青少年询问是否可以帮忙。空处引导宾语从句，从句不缺成分，引导词意为“是否”，需用连接词whether/if引导。故填whether/if。 7.（2025年·顺义·一模)It’s considered a harmonious coexistence between humans and nature, ___20___ also shows local people’s wisdom to respect and make use of nature. 【20题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它被视为人与自然和谐共存的典范，同时也展现了当地人民尊重自然、利用自然的智慧。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 8.（2025年·西城·一模）The surprise came when I received a thank-you letter from a family _____12_____ benefited from our donations. 【12题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：让我惊喜的是，我收到了一封感谢信，来自一个受益于我们捐款的家庭。此处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是family，指人，关系词在从句作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导。故填who或that。 9.（2025年·丰台·二模） At that moment, ____16____ I witnessed was the beautiful way a mother’s love could ripple out into the world. 【16题详解】考查主语从句。句意：在那一刻，我见证了母爱的美好是如何传播到世界的。此处为连接词引导的主语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以此处使用连接代词，结合句意，此处表示“……的事情”，所以此处使用连接代词what。故填what。 10.（2025年·昌平·一模）Research shows that people are more likely to maintain an exercise routine if they enjoy the activities they choose. If the exercise you are doing is not enjoyable, your motivation will gradually decrease. So you need to find ____14____ interests you. Some gyms offer a taster session before you sign up, ____15____ can help you get a feel for what a new place might be like. 【14题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：所以你需要找到让你感兴趣 事物。“____ interests you”是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，且表示“……的事物”，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 【15题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：一些健身房在你报名之前提供体验课程，这可以帮助你感受新地方是什么样的。这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词是a taster session，为物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 11.（2025年·东城·一模）Then they sat quietly in front of the dog while the recording played. The dogs usually approached — or at least spent more time looking at — the person ____16____ voice they heard. Experts hope to study whether other mammals have this skill, so they can better understand ____17____ different species learn to communicate with each other. 【答案】 16. whose 17. how 【16题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这些狗通常会靠近——或者至少花更多时间看着——它们听到声音的那个人。空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the person，且关系词在从句中作定语，修饰voice，应用关系代词whose。故填whose。 【17题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：专家们希望研究其他哺乳动物是否也有这种技能，以便他们能更好地理解不同物种是如何学会相互交流的。空格处引导宾语从句，且从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何”，应用连接副词how。故填how。 12.（2025年·朝阳·一模）“____13____ makes the event so special is that it showcases Hainan’s unique cultural identity. I hope this event continues to grow,” she remarked. 【13题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：这次活动的特别之处在于它展示了海南独特的文化特征。空处引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“使活动特别的东西”，故应用连接代词what；句首字母大写。故填What。 13.（2025年·朝阳·一模）DeepSeek-R1, ____14____ core technologies are built upon a next-generation large language model architecture, highlights China’s growing strength in AI innovation. 【14题详解】考查定语从句。句意：DeepSeek-R1的核心技术建立在下一代大型语言模型架构之上，凸显了中国在人工智能创新方面日益增长的实力。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“DeepSeek-R1”，在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。 14.（2025年·海淀·一模） His breakthrough came in 2019 with the masterpiece Ne Zha ____12____ proved Chinese animation could rival global giants. 【12题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他的突破出现在2019年，他的代表作《哪吒》证明了中国动画可以与全球巨头竞争。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为Ne Zha，指物，且从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。 15.（2025年·海淀·一模） To figure out whether alone time energizes or consumes you, you’d better dedicate a full day just to yourself and observe ____17____ it affects your emotions. 【17题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：为了弄清楚独处是让你精力充沛还是消耗你的精力，你最好花一整天时间独处，观察它如何影响你的情绪。observe后接宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何影响你的情绪”，所以此处应用how引导从句，故填how。 16.（2024-2025学年北京市八一学校高三下学期开学考）But the Internet is full of conflicting health warnings with no regulation to remove the wrong advice, some of 69 is extremely dangerous! Also, search engines rank results by popularity rather than accuracy, so solid facts can be tricky to find. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：但互联网上充满了相互矛盾的健康警告，没有任何规定来删除错误的建议，其中一些是极其危险的！分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是 “conflicting health warnings”，指物，在介词“of”后作宾语，所以用关系代词“which”引导。故填which。 17.（2024-2025学年北京市八一学校高三下学期开学考）You have probably dreamed about 72 you would change the world, only to find that it seems impossible. 【答案】how 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：你可能梦想过如何改变世界，却发现这似乎是不可能的。设空处连接宾语从句，表示“如何改变世界”，需用连接副词how，指方式。故填how。 18.（2024-2025学年北京市第二十二中学高三下学期开学考）That’s prompted investors to rethink the heady valuations of companies like Nvidia, 1 equipment powers the most advanced AI systems, as well as the enormous investments that large companies are making to build their businesses. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这促使投资者重新审视像英伟达（Nvidia）这样的公司——其设备为最先进的 AI 系统提供动力——的高估值，以及大型公司在建设业务上所进行的巨额投资。空处引导定语从句，修饰Nvidia，关系词从句中作定语，用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 19.（2024-2025学年北京市房山区2高三上学期期末）They all showed me what we can learn from animals in their own ways, such as a tiny mouse 8 bravery changed my life forever. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它们都以自己的方式向我展示了我们可以从动物身上学到什么，比如一只小老鼠，它的勇敢永远改变了我的生活。分析句子可知，“____ bravery changed my life forever”是定语从句，先行词为mouse，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰bravery，表所属关系，应用whose。故填whose。 20.（2024-2025学年北京市海淀区高三上学期期末）But we may have got into a situation, some experts suggest, 4 intensive parenting has become too intense for parents. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：但一些专家认为，我们可能陷入了一种情况，即密集育儿对父母来说已经过于紧张了。分析句子可知，a situation是先行词，后面的从句intensive parenting has become too intense for parents是定语从句，先行词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。 21.（2024-2025学年北京市海淀区高三上学期期末）We all have been in this situation: At a meeting, everyone else agrees on a solution, and you are the only one still opposing it, or at least doubting 5 it will work. 【答案】whether/if 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我们都有过这样的经历：在会议上，每个人都同意一个解决方案，而你是唯一一个反对它的人，或者至少是唯一一个怀疑它是否有效的人。引导宾语从句，表示“是否”应用whether或if。故填whether/if。 22.（2024-2025学年北京市西城区高三上学期期末）My sons, Liam and Patrick, love baking our family’s special Swedish bread, 1 we make only once a year. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我的儿子们，利亚姆和帕特里克，喜欢烤我们家特有的瑞典面包，这种面包我们一年只做一次。此处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少宾语，所以此处使用关系代词，先行词 “special Swedish bread”指的是物，所以此处使用关系代词which。故填which。 23.According to Chinese legend, the first umbrella in ancient China was invented by Lady Yun, the wife of Lu Ban, a renowned craftsman in Chinese history. At the time, people relied on straw hats and capes during rainy days, proved inconvenient for travel. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：当时人们在下雨天依赖草帽和斗篷，这证明了旅行的不便。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词指的是主句的内容，指事情，所以此处使用关系代词which。故填which。 24.（Whether it’s out of love and interest, a desire to help those with hearing loss, simply for situations where speaking is difficult due to illness, sign language can be very useful. 【答案】or 【解析】考查连词。句意：无论是出于热爱和兴趣，还是出于帮助听力障碍者的愿望，亦或是仅仅因为在生病等情况下说话困难，手语都能发挥极大的作用。whether…or…为固定句型，意为“无论……还是……”。故填or。 25.It is estimated about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’ hybrid strain. 【答案】that 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：据估计，中国国内消费的大米中约有60%是由袁隆平的杂交品种生产的。根据句意及空前“It is estimated”可知，此处为it is estimated that的固定句型结构，其中it为形式主语，空处引导主语从句，从句句意完整，不缺少成分，应用连接词that引导，that在名词性从句中无实义，不充当句子成分。故填that。 26.Dashuhua is more than a spectacle (精彩表演); it embodies the courage, skill, and perseverance of its performers, fight to keep this cultural treasure alive for future generations. 【答案】who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：打树花不仅仅是一场精彩表演；它体现了表演者的勇气、技巧和毅力，他们为让这一文化瑰宝为子孙后代传承下去而努力。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是performers，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故填who。 27.The durability of the wooden buildings has stood the test of time, of the Forbidden City is a good example. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：木制建筑的耐久性经受住了时间的考验，紫禁城就是一个很好的例子。“of ________  the Forbidden City is a good example”为之前“The durability of the wooden buildings”的非限制性定语从句，先行词在从句中作介词“of”的宾语，用关系代词which。故填which。 28.One newly uploaded video showed she turned a woodshed into a woodland cloakroom (衣帽间), and the other showcased her craft using the intangible cultural heritage Chinese lacquerware (漆器) techniques. 【答案】how 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：一个新上传的视频展示了她是如何将木屋改造成森林衣帽间的，另一个则展示了她运用非物质文化遗产——中国漆器技术的手工艺。此处为连接词引导宾语从句，且从句中不缺主宾等成分，根据句意可知，此处表示“如何”，应用连接副词how。故填how。 29.A long scroll (卷轴) of the “Along the River During the Qingming Festival,” an iconic painting of the Northern Song Dynasty, constructed straight from LEGO bricks, has been on display since Sep 25th. Covering 47 square meters, this LEGO exhibit, has delicately pieced together a marvelous world the old and the new meet. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这个乐高展品占地47平方米，精致地拼凑出一个奇妙的世界，在这里新旧交汇。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是a marvelous world，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 30.“The music makes you happy because the melodies are cheerful.” said Tang Baoshan, started learning the folk songs when he was a child and soon demonstrated a talent for the form. 【答案】who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：“音乐让人快乐，因为旋律很欢快。”唐宝山说道，他从小就开始学习民歌，并且很快就展现出了在这方面的天赋。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Tang Baoshan，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导。故填who。 31.The culture of bird-keeping and birdcage-making has been deeply rooted in Hong Kong society since the 1920s and 1930s. In the past, many bird owners would bring their birds to the tea houses they socialized with other bird enthusiasts. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：过去，许多鸟类主人会把他们的鸟带到茶馆，在那里他们与其他鸟类爱好者交往。该空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the tea houses，指具体地点，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。 32.The Donglin Academy of Classical Learning was founded during the Northern Song Dynasty. For a long time, it was a place lectures were given by the famous scholar Yang Shi. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在很长一段时间里，这里是著名学者杨时讲学的地方。设空处引导定语从句，先行词是a place，在从句中作地点状语，所以设空处需用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。 33.Through the artwork, the development of Chinese painting between the 4th and 14th centuries can be clearly observed, shows how valuable the Mogao Grottoes are for anyone who wants to study the history of Chinese art. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：通过这些艺术作品，可以清楚地观察到公元4世纪至14世纪中国绘画的发展，这表明了莫高窟对任何想要研究中国艺术史的人来说是多么有价值。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用which引导定语从句，故填which。 34. But truly twisted her heart at that time,she said, was the backward and dangerous practices of local midwives and the hardships faced by expectant mothers and newborns in Jiaxian. 【答案】what 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：但她说，当时真正让她揪心的是当地助产士落后而危险的做法，以及佳县孕妇和新生儿所面临的困境。这里是一个主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“当时真正让她揪心的是”，所以用what。 35. it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate. 【答案】Whether 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：是否有可能培育出像水稻这样的自花授粉植物的杂交品种，仍是一个备受争议的问题。空处引导主语从句，从句中不缺成分，但根据“ a matter of great debate”可知，是否培育出像水稻这样的自花授粉植物的杂交品种是一个备受争议的问题，所以用whether“是否”引导主语从句。该词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Whether。 36.The true magic of shadow play lies not just in its making, but in its live performance, a team of puppeteers (木偶操纵师), narrators, and musicians work together in harmony. 【答案】 62．where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：皮影戏的真正魅力不仅在于其制作过程，更在于其现场表演环节。在这一环节中，一群木偶操纵者、讲述者和乐手们相互协作，共同呈现精彩画面。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词performance，在从句作地点状语，故填where。 37.“Covering over 100,000 square meters, it’s now at a stage in its main structure is going through a construction phase, with the main buildings gradually taking shape. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：占地面积达 10 万平方米，目前该项目正处于主体结构施工阶段，主要建筑正在逐步成型。此处为介词+关系代词结构定语从句，修饰先行词stage，先行词指物，关系词替代先行词作介词的宾语，用关系代词which。故填which。 38. makes Yunjin special is its complicated weaving process, requiring two workers to operate a large wooden loom (织布机) together. 【答案】37．What 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：云锦的独特之处在于其复杂的织造工艺，需要两名工人共同操作一台大型木织机。空格处引导主语从句并在从句中作主语，表示“……的事物”，应用连接代词what，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填What。 39.The Central Axis dates back to the Yuan Dynasty, while its length was extended in the Ming and Qing dynasties. It is an epitome (缩影)of traditional city design, in the central position is the emphasis, indicating the purpose of constructing social order and standardizing social life through the city layout. 【答案】 which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它是传统城市设计的缩影，在这种设计中，中心位置是重点，表明通过城市布局来构建社会秩序和规范社会生活的目的。此处引导定语从句，先行词为traditional city design，指物，定语从句中缺少介词in的宾语，故应用which，此处in which引导定语从句，故填which。 40.In the 4: 02-minute video, it showcases various stages of the robotic production line at its Lingang Fengxian factory in Shanghai, 8 features self-made humanoid robots working alongside human workers. Moreover, the company has established 9 it calls a “data collection factory” for real-world data gathering, including training scenarios such as folding clothes, organizing, cleaning and doing the laundry. 【答案】 8．which 9．what 【解析】8.考查定语从句。句意：在这段4分02秒的视频中，它展示了其位于上海临港奉贤工厂的机器人生产线的各个阶段，其特点是自制的人形机器人与人类工人一起工作。“____ features self made humanoid robots working alongside human workers”是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the robotic production line，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 【解析】9．考查宾语从句。句意：此外，该公司还建立了一个它称之为“数据收集工厂”的地方，用于收集现实世界的数据。“____ it calls a ‘data collection factory’”是宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指事物，用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。 考向02 考查介词、冠词和并列连词及其它 1.（2025年·海淀·二模）A foreign tourist shared his travel experience with visa-free entry in China on social media. “Before my trip ___11___ China in April. I was quite nervous because I had no idea ___what12___ difficulties I would encounter at the border control department. 【11题详解】 考查介词。句意：在我四月份去中国旅行之前，我相当紧张，因为我不知道在边境管控部门我会遇到什么样的困难。trip to...是固定搭配，意为“去……的旅行”。故填to。 2.（2025年·顺义·一模) Chinese researchers have disclosed a novel application of the Earth science satellite SDGSAT-1 for observing offshore oil and gas platforms. The study, led ___14___ researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), was recently published in the International Journal of Digital Earth. 【14题详解】 考查介词。句意：这项由中国科学院（CAS）研究人员主导的研究最近发表在《国际数字地球期刊》上。此处led为过去分词作定语，表被动，因此用介词by引出施动者。故填by。 3.（2025年·西城·一模）Tsinghua University plans to increase its undergraduate enrollment (本科招生人数) ____14____ about 150 in 2025 and establish a new undergraduate school focused on combining artificial intelligence (AI) with various fields of study. 【14题详解】考查介词。句意：清华大学计划在2025年·将本科招生人数增加约150人，并建立一所新的本科学院，专注于将人工智能（AI）与各个研究领域相结合。短语increase by表示“增加了……”。故填by。 4.（2025年·昌平·一模） Educators suggest limiting screen time and engaging ____20____ offline some activities. After all, technology is meant to serve humans, not control them. 【20题详解】 考查介词。句意：教育工作者建议限制屏幕时间，参与一些线下活动。engage in是固定短语，意为“参与”，因此空格处用介词in，故填in。 5.（2025年·东城·一模） A woman and her little daughter excitedly told us shoes had flown ____12____ our car! We realized our other friend must have left them on the roof. We thanked them and went back to search, ____13____ we couldn’t find the shoes until the same car reappeared! 【12题详解】考查副词。句意：一位女士和她的小女儿兴奋地告诉我们，鞋子从我们的车上飞出去了！fly off是固定短语，意为“飞落；掉落”，这里表示鞋子从车上掉落下来，符合语境。故填off。 【13题详解】考查连词。句意：我们谢过他们，然后回去找，但是直到那辆车再次出现我们才找到鞋子！“We thanked them and went back to search”和“we couldn’t find the shoes until the same car reappeared”之间是转折关系，前面说去寻找，后面说没找到，直到那辆车再次出现，所以用连词but连接。故填but。 6.（2025年·朝阳·一模）____17____ the development of DeepSeek-R1, China shows the world that great things come from new ideas and hard work, not just money. 【17题详解】 考查介词。句意：随着DeepSeek-R1的发展，中国向世界展示了伟大的事物来自新想法和努力工作，而不仅仅是金钱。空处应用介词，后接名词短语“the development of DeepSeek-R1”作宾语，表示“随着”，应用介词with；句首字母大写。故填With。 7.（2025年·海淀·一模）People will act if the challenge ____feels 18____ (feel) personal — not just about the planet, polar bears, or humanity ____19____ a whole. 【19题详解】 考查介词。句意：如果挑战让人感觉与自己息息相关，人们就会采取行动——而不仅仅是关乎地球、北极熊或整个人类。设空处使用介词与后文构成介词短语作状语，结合句意，表示“作为整体”用短语为as a whole。故填as。 8.（2024-2025学年北京市育英中学高三下学期开学考）The hugs received from other competitors are always remarked in the Games because the true Olympic spirit is 3 victory and national boundaries. 3．考查介词。句意：从其他选手那里得到的拥抱在奥运会上总是引人注目的，因为真正的奥林匹克精神是远超胜利和国界的。根据上文“Athletes are not only competitors, but good friends”可知，奥运会上的运动员既是竞争者也是好朋友，所以此处指他们的友谊是远超胜利和国界的，beyond“超过”符合语境。故填beyond。 9.（2024-2025学年北京市北京师范大学第二附属中学高三下学期英语统练5）But when adult children use the most effective tool they have-themselves-to gain a sense of security and ban their parents 19 their lives, the roles are simply 20 (simple) switched, and the pain only deepens. 19．考查介词。句意：但当成年子女使用他们最有效的工具——他们自己——来获得安全感，并禁止他们的父母进入他们的生活时，角色就简单地互换了，痛苦只会加深。此处为固定短语“ban sb from sth/doing sth”表示“禁止某人做某事”符合句意，所以此处使用介词from。故填from。 10.（2024-2025学年北京大学附属中学高三下学期开学考）The post-pandemic educational systems, in particular, have experienced a shift toward including streaming of everyday lectures 22 our daily lives, allowing various playback speed options. 考查介词。句意：尤其是疫情后的教育系统，已经经历了一种向将日常课程流媒体融入我们日常生活的转变，提供了各种播放速度选项。根据空白处下文“our daily lives(我们日常生活)”可知，此处表示 “融入，纳入”，使用固定短语“include...into...”，故填into。 10.（2024-2025学年北京师范大学第二附属中学高三下学期统练3）We imagine people are talking about us 33 our backs, that we have cancer, that we are inadequate, and vulnerable to more than our share of bad luck. 33．考查介词。句意：我们想象人们在背后议论我们，说我们得了癌症，说我们不够好，还说我们容易遭遇更多倒霉事。根据上文“We imagine people are talking about us(我们想象人们在议论我们)”可推理出此处说的是在背后议论，空白处应填表示“在……背后”含义的介词。故填behind。 11.（2024-2025学年北京市通州区运河中学高三下学期开学）The best crabs appear early — in the ninth lunar month for females, when the roe (蟹黄) is 47 its peak. 考查固定短语、介词。句意：最好的大闸蟹出现得较早——农历九月是母蟹的最佳时期，此时蟹黄处于最佳状态。at one's peak是固定短语，意为“在巅峰状态；在最佳时期”，符合句意，故填at。 12.（2024-2025学年北京市第二十二中学高三下学期开学考）The release of DeepSeek-R1 sent shockwaves through the US tech industry because it is fully open-source and achieved this breakthrough 9 an exceptionally low cost. DeepSeek can match the abilities of cutting-edge chatbots while using a fraction of the specialized computer chips that leading AI companies rely on. 考查介词。句意：DeepSeek-R1的发布震惊了美国科技行业，因为它是完全开源的，并且以极低的成本实现了这一突破。at a…cost“以……成本”是固定短语。故填at。 13.（2024-2025学年北京市北京景山学校高三下开学考）Even in very high temperatures, the gel won’t burn off. Tests showed that this new gel can protect wood 3 over seven minutes, compared to the less than 90 seconds provided by currently used gels 考查介词。句意：测试表明，这种新型凝胶可以保护木材超过7分钟，而目前使用的凝胶只能保护不到90秒。空格处用介词for表示持续一段时间，故填for。 14.（2024-2025学年北京市房山区2高三上学期期末）Smartphones are very useful and often we can’t imagine life 2 them. But they could be harmful as well. 考查介词。句意：智能手机非常有用，我们常常无法想象没有它们的生活。此处表示“没有智能手机的生活”，用介词without符合语境。故填without。 15.（2024-2025学年北京市西城区高三上学期期末）The recipe was passed down from my great-grandmother to my great-uncle Olof, who baked it every week and later taught it 1 me when I was fourteen. As we bake, we share family stories. 考查介词。句意：这个配方从我的曾祖母传给了我叔祖父奥洛夫，他每周都会烤它，后来在我十四岁时教给了我。此处为固定短语“teach sth. to sb.”意为“教给某人某事”符合句意。故填to。 16.These novels, originally published on the platform operated by Yuewen, online Chinese literature company, are deeply loved by readers online. 【答案】an 【解析】考查冠词。句意：这些小说最初发表在中国网络文学公司“阅文”运营的平台上，深受网络读者的喜爱。company此处泛指“一家网络中文文学公司”，应用不定冠词；且online是读音以元音音素开头的单词，其前应用an。 17.During the Ming Dynasty, shadow plays became 58 most popular form of entertainment, especially in cities like Beijing. 考查冠词。句意：在明朝时期，皮影戏成为了最受欢迎的娱乐形式，尤其是在像北京这样的大城市里。最高级most popular前与定冠词the连用。故填the。 18.The puppeteers, standing behind the screen, move the figures with five bamboo sticks, while the narrators sing and the musicians play instruments like drums and gongs. 4 the opposite side, audiences see the figures on the screen come to life through the shadows, whose movements are so expressive65 (express) that people forget they’re just watching shadows. 64．On 64．考查介词。句意：而在另一侧，观众会看到屏幕上的形象在阴影中活灵活现地显现出来，它们的动作如此富有表现力，以至于人们会忘记自己只是在观看阴影而已。短语on the opposite side表示“在另一侧”。首字母大写。故填On。 19.“Covering over 100,000 square meters, it’s now at a stage in which its main structure is going through a construction phase, 58 the main buildings gradually taking shape. The outside surface of the branch’s buildings has red walls and golden 59 (roof) to match the Palace Museum’s architectural aesthetics. 【答案】 58．with 、 58．考查介词。句意：占地面积达 10 万平方米，目前该项目正处于主体结构施工阶段，主要建筑正在逐步成型。此处作伴随状语，为with的复合结构：with+名词+现在分词，故填with。 20.Nanjing Yunjin, recognized as one of China’s “Four Great Brocades (锦缎)” has 36 history spanning over 1,600 years, dating back to the Eastern Jin Dynasty. .Designers combine traditional patterns 42 modem ideas, using them in clothes, bags, and home decorations.To preserve this art, Nanjing established a Yunjin Museum and digital archives (档案) years ago, and workshops train new generations. 45 , challenges continue to exist, such as the declining number of master weavers. As a bridge between past and present, Yunjin continues to charm the world, proving that ancient craftsmanship can boost itself in the modern era. 【答案】36．a 42．with 45．However 36．考查冠词。句意：南京云锦被公认为中国“四大名锦”之一，其历史可追溯至东晋，跨越1600多年。history在此处表示“一段历史”，为可数名词单数，表泛指且以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a。故填a。 42．考查介词。句意：设计师将传统图案与现代理念相结合，应用于服装、箱包和家居装饰中。此处为固定搭配“combine...with...”意为“将……与……结合”。故填with。 45．考查副词。句意：然而，挑战依然存在，例如织锦大师数量的减少。前后句为转折关系，且空格后有逗号，应用however，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填However。 21.Following its inclusion on the world heritage list, visits rose significantly 38 the central axis becoming a must visit for both domestic and international tourists. 考查介词。句意：同上。此处为with的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”，在句中作状语，the central axis为宾语，现在分词becoming为宾补，故填with。 22.Although Beijing’s cultural heritage remained central to 43 (it) tourism appeal last year, previously visited as stand-alone sites, these landmarks now collectively 44 (collective) draw crowds as part of the “Citywalk” experience, offering tourists 45 new perspective on Beijing’s history and culture. 43．its 44．collectively 45．a 43．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：尽管去年北京的文化遗产仍然是其旅游吸引力的核心，但这些地标性建筑以前作为独立景点参观，现在则作为“城市漫步”体验的一部分，共同吸引着人群，为游客提供了北京历史文化的新视角。此处意为“它的旅游吸引力”，指代“北京的”，故此处应用形容词性物主代词its作定语，修饰tourism appeal，故填its。 45．考查冠词。句意：同上。此处“perspective视角”为可数名词，且此处泛指“一个新的视角”，故应用不定冠词，new的读音以辅音音素开头，故应用不定冠词a，故填a。 23.In 37 4: 02-minute video, it showcases various stages of the robotic production line at its Lingang Fengxian factory in Shanghai, which features self-made humanoid robots working alongside human workers. Industry observer Hong Shaodun notes that humanoid robots have evolved from laboratory prototypes to substaintial products, 40 this year’s robots entering a phase of increased intelligence and versatility (多功能). 【答案】 37．the 40．with 37．考查冠词。句意：在这段4分02秒的视频中，它展示了其位于上海临港奉贤工厂的机器人生产线的各个阶段。这里特指上文提到的公司分享的视频，用定冠词the限定。故填the。 40．考查with复合结构和介词。句意：行业观察家洪绍敦指出，人形机器人已经从实验室原型发展成为实质性产品，今年的机器人进入了一个智能和多功能性增强的阶段。“____ this year’s robots entering a phase of increased intelligence and versatility (多功能)”作伴随状语，它不是一个句子，结合非谓语动词entering可推知，这是with复合结构作状语，即“with+宾语+宾语补足语”，用介词with。故填with。 24.Its side composed of crossing steel slopes facilitates access for pedestrians and cyclists and serves 65 a window frame through which the surrounding natural and built environment can be viewed. 【答案】 65．as 65．考查介词。句意：其侧面由交叉的钢质斜坡构成，便于行人和骑行者通行，并且还充当了观景窗的角色，让人能够欣赏到周围的自然景观和建筑环境。短语serve as表示“充当”。故填as。 25.Inspired by the complex river system that exists in Dujiangyan county, the two-story space embodies Chongqing’s unique geographical environment 57 an “8D Mountain City”. ... 【答案】 57．as 57．考查介词。句意：受都江堰县复杂水系的影响，这个两层空间体现了重庆作为“8D山城”独特的地理环境。此处表示“作为”，应用介词as。故填as。 26.Parker, a linguistics (语言学) student, studies Chinese dialects, while Hansen, fluent 8 multiple languages, has lived in Beijing for years. ... 【答案】 58．in 考查介词。句意：帕克是一名语言学专业的学生，研究中国方言，而汉森精通多种语言，已经在北京生活多年。be fluent in是固定搭配，表示“在……方面流利；精通……”，这里说汉森精通多种语言。故填in。 27.The website’s detailed information about speakers, including ethnic background and education, makes it more engaging and accessible than traditional language research platforms, aiming to preserve 5 unique appeal of each dialect. 【答案】 5．the 考查冠词。句意：该网站提供了使用者的详细信息，包括种族背景和教育程度，使其比传统的语言研究平台更具吸引力和可访问性，旨在保留每种方言的独特吸引力。appeal在这里表示“魅力”，是特指每种方言的独特魅力，所以用定冠词the。故填the。 28.The act rapidly made headlines around the world. The International Olympic Committee praised He Bingjiao 2 showing the Olympic values of respect and friendship. 【答案】 2．for 考查固定短语。句意：国际奥委会赞扬何冰娇体现了尊重和友谊的奥林匹克价值观。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“praise sb. for doing sth.”，意为“因为做某事而赞扬某人”，故空格处应用介词“for”。故填for。 29.Pau Gasol, the legendary Spanish basketball player, called it 4 beautiful display of Olympic spirit. 【答案】 4．a 考查冠词。句意：西班牙传奇篮球运动员保罗·加索尔称之为奥林匹克精神的一次美丽展示。分析句子可知，句中泛指一次美丽展示，故空格处应用不定冠词，表示泛指，“beautiful”音标的第一个音素为辅音音素，故应用不定冠词“a”。故填a。 30.It provides an opportunity people from different backgrounds, in which they can learn about and appreciate each other’s cultures. 【答案】for/to 【解析】考查介词。句意：它为来自不同背景的人们提供了一个学习和欣赏彼此文化的机会。provide sth for/to sb“为某人提供某物”，故填for/to。 题型一 阅读理解 1 （2025·北京东城·一模）Years after my art history class, I am insufferable at museums. “That’s definitely a Matisse,” I say. “You can telI because of the brushwork and the use of colour.” Sometimes it is not a Matisse but oftentimes it is. It is unsettling to learn, then, that for all of my carefully won art appreciation, I am in danger of being surpassed by an insect. In a recent study, honeybees — whose brains are the size of grass seeds — were shown Picassos and Monets paired side by side. Below the prints were two small containers, one containing sugar water and the other nothing at all. Which to enter? Bees couldn’t see or smell whether a given container held the treat until they’d already flown inside it. But they could let the masterpieces guide them: for some bees, the reward was always under the Picasso, while for the rest it was under the Monet. Over the course of many trials, the bees learned to fly straight for the correct container. Indeed, they even performed slightly better than chance when faced with pairs of paintings they’d never seen before. The bees had learned to discriminate, however modestly, between the two artists’ styles. To be sure, humans still have the edge. Last year a team of researchers led by Liane Gabora found that art students were perfectly capable of identifying which well-known artist was behind which unknown painting. Creative writing students were similarly excellent at spotting little-read passages by Hemingway or Dickens — a skill I can only assume no honeybee has yet demonstrated. Even more impressively, though, the students could recognize as-yet-unseen samples of each other’s work, including work in entirely different mediums. Creative writers could identify their fellow writers’ paintings and sketches; painters had a pretty good idea who’d brought which poem or clay pot. It’s clear what the bees were doing: picking up and categorizing complex visual patterns in the pairs of images. But recognizing differences across mediums is altogether different. Whether we’re writing poems or building sculptures, Gabora argues, we’re doing so with the same mind: one that structures information in the same way, has been shaped by the same experiences, and longs to express the same ideas. Naturally, our techniques and preoccupations in one domain should “out” us in another. But still I wonder: Just what about these techniques and preoccupations did the trick? The researchers did their best to keep subject matter from ruling the day by instructing, for instance, artists who happened to be surfers not to bring in art that depicted (描绘) surfing. But what of less obvious subject matter — like Western landscapes? And what of the obsessions that come into our work unawares? A correlational study like this one will not answer these questions. Perhaps my biggest question has to do with people who don’t identify as artists, and haven’t settled — or at least would claim so-on a personal style. Are their creations also a reflection of their worldview? It seems likely that, at least to some extent, bad art is all alike, while only good art is good in its own way. 31．Why does the author mention bees? A．To present an example. B．To put forward a theory. C．To draw out a comparison. D．To highlight a research finding. 32．Why does the author think humans still have the edge? A．Because we can transfer our experiences. B．Because we can discriminate styles. C．Because we can categorize patterns. D．Because we can learn from trials. 33．What does the underlined word “out” in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A．Assist. B．Trick. C．Beat. D．Expose. 34．What might be the best title for the passage? A．Will Bees Beat Humans? B．How Will You View a View? C．Why Good Art Works Wonders? D．What Makes Hemingway Hemingway? 【答案】31．C 32．A 33．D 34．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了蜜蜂识别画作与人类艺术鉴赏能力的对比及思考。 31．细节理解题。根据第二段中“It is unsettling to learn, then, that for all of my carefully won art appreciation, I am in danger of being surpassed by an insect. In a recent study, honeybees — whose brains are the size of grass seeds — were shown Picassos and Monets paired side by side.(然而，令人不安的是，尽管我精心培养了对艺术的鉴赏力，但我却有可能被一种昆虫超越。在最近的一项研究中，蜜蜂——它们的大脑只有草籽大小——被展示了毕加索和莫奈的画作，并排摆放在一起)”可知，作者提到蜜蜂是为了与人类进行艺术鉴赏能力的对比。故选C。 32．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Last year a team of researchers led by Liane Gabora found that art students were perfectly capable of identifying which well-known artist was behind which unknown painting. Creative writing students were similarly excellent at spotting little-read passages by Hemingway or Dickens — a skill I can only assume no honeybee has yet demonstrated.(去年，由Liane Gabora领导的一个研究小组发现，艺术专业的学生完全有能力分辨出哪幅画背后是哪位知名艺术家。创意写作专业的学生同样擅长发现海明威或狄更斯的小片段——我只能假设蜜蜂还没有表现出这种技能)”以及第五段“Even more impressively, though, the students could recognize as-yet-unseen samples of each other’s work, including work in entirely different mediums.(然而，更令人印象深刻的是，学生们能够识别出彼此尚未见过的作品样本，包括完全不同媒介的作品)”可知，作者认为人类仍然有优势是因为人类能够转移经验，识别不同艺术家的风格和跨媒介的作品。其中，A选项“因为我们可以转移我们的经验”最全面地概括了这一点。故选A。 33．词句猜测题。根据第六段中“Whether we’re writing poems or building sculptures, Gabora argues, we’re doing so with the same mind: one that structures information in the same way, has been shaped by the same experiences, and longs to express the same ideas. Naturally, our techniques and preoccupations in one domain should ‘out’ us in another.(Gabora认为，无论我们是写诗还是建造雕塑，我们都是用同样的思维去做的：这种思维方式以同样的方式组织信息，受到同样的经验塑造，渴望表达同样的想法。自然而然地，我们在一个领域的技术和关注点应该会在另一个领域‘out’我们)”可知，此处out意为“暴露，揭示”，即我们在一个领域的技术和关注点会揭示我们在另一个领域的身份或特点。D选项“Expose(暴露)”与此意思相符。故选D。 34．主旨大意题。文章通过讲述蜜蜂和人类在艺术方面的能力，重点强调了人类在艺术创作中独特的思维方式、经历等因素会体现在作品中，让作品具有独特的风格，就像海明威的作品具有海明威独特的风格一样。D选项“What Makes Hemingway Hemingway?(是什么让海明威成为海明威？)”，可以引申为是什么让艺术家的作品具有独特风格，符合文章主旨。故选D。 2 （2025·北京朝阳·高三下二次六联）In recent years American society has become increasingly dependent on its universities to find solutions to its major problems. It is the universities that have been charged with the principal responsibility for developing the expertise to place men on the moon; for dealing with our urban problems and with our deteriorating environment; for developing the means to feed the world’s rapidly increasing population. The effort involved in meeting these demands presents its own problems. In addition, this concentration on the creation of new knowledge significantly impacts on the universities’ efforts to perform their other principal functions, the transmission and interpretation of knowledge—the imparting (传授) of the heritage of the past and the preparing of the next generation to carry it forward. With regard to this, perhaps their most traditionally acknowledged task, colleges and universities today find themselves in a serious bind generally. On the one hand, there is the American commitment, entered into especially since World War II, to provide higher education for all young people who can profit from it. The result of the commitment has been a dramatic rise in enrollments in our universities, coupled with a radical (激进的) shift from the private to the public sector of higher education. On the other hand, there are serious and continuing limitations on the resources available for higher education. While higher education has become a great “growth industry”, it is also simultaneously a tremendous drain on the resources of nation. With the vast increase in enrollment and the shift in priorities away from education in state and federal budgets, there is in most of our public institutions a significant decrease in per capita (人均) outlay for their students. One crucial aspect of this drain on resources lies in the persistent shortage of trained faculty, which has led, in turn, to a declining standard of competence in instruction. Intensifying these difficulties is, as indicated above, the concern with research, with its competing claims on resources and the attention of the faculty. In addition, there is a strong tendency for the institutions’ organization and functioning to fulfill the demands of research rather than those of teaching. 31．According to the passage, ________ should be the most important function of institutions of higher education. A．creating new knowledge B．providing solutions to social problems C．making experts on sophisticated industries out of their students D．preparing their students to transmit inherited knowledge 32．In American universities, there is a contradiction (矛盾) between ________. A．more students and less investment B．education quality and economic profit C．low enrollment rate and high dropout rate D．private ownership and American commitment 33．Which is True about American universities? A．Most teachers are devoted to improving their competence in instruction. B．Research occupies more resources and teachers’ attention than teaching. C．The institutions’ organization tends to meet the demands of teaching. D．The lack of trained faculty leads to the decline in the quality of researches. 34．We can infer from the passage that________. A．high quality attracts students to stay in public universities B．the American commitment is to blame for all the difficulties C．higher education used to have a priority in government budgets D．the increasing expenses for each student drain the national resources 【答案】31．D 32．A 33．B 34．C 【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者就美国大学现在存在的问题进行了论述，作者从美国社会越来越依赖大学谈起，探讨了现在美国大学的尴尬局面，科研和教学无法兼顾，美国大学到底是要科研还是要教学？ 31．细节理解题。由第一段中的“In addition, this concentration on the creation of new knowledge significantly impacts on the universities’ efforts to perform their other principal functions, the transmission and interpretation of knowledge—the imparting (传授) of the heritage of the past and the preparing of the next generation to carry it forward. (此外，这种专注于创造新知识的做法，对大学履行其他主要职能、传播和解释知识——传授过去的遗产以及为下一代继承遗产做准备的努力产生了重大影响)”可知，高等教育的主要任务是知识的传承与解释——对过去遗产的传播和教育年青一代并将其发扬，D项“储备学生去传输遗产历史知识”与作者的观点一致。故选D项。 32．细节理解题。由第二段“With regard to this, perhaps their most traditionally acknowledged task, colleges and universities today find themselves in a serious bind generally. On the one hand, there is the American commitment, entered into especially since World War II, to provide higher education for all young people who can profit from it. The result of the commitment has been a dramatic rise in enrollments in our universities, coupled with a radical (激进的) shift from the private to the public sector of higher education. On the other hand, there are serious and continuing limitations on the resources available for higher education. (关于这一点，也许是他们最传统的公认任务，今天的学院和大学普遍发现自己陷入了严重的困境。一方面，美国承诺为所有能从中获益的年轻人提供高等教育，这一承诺尤其是自二战以来达成的。这一承诺的结果是，我们大学的入学人数大幅增加，同时高等教育从私立部门向公立部门发生了根本性转变。另一方面，高等教育可用的资源仍然存在着严重和持久的局限性)”可知，目前很多美国大学和学院常常处于一种尴尬的境地就是学生越来越多，但高等教育可用资源有限，即A项“更多的学生和更少的投入”。故选A项。 33．细节理解题。由最后一段“Intensifying these difficulties is, as indicated above, the concern with research, with its competing claims on resources and the attention of the faculty. In addition, there is a strong tendency for the institutions’ organization and functioning to fulfill the demands of research rather than those of teaching. (如上所述，加剧这些困难是因为对研究的担忧，因为研究对资源的要求相互矛盾，并引起了教员的关注。此外，大学的组织机构和功能存在着强烈的倾向性，即满足科研而不是满足教育的需要)”可知，就美国大学和学院而言，研究比教学占用更多的资源和教师的注意力。故选B项。 34．推理判断题。由第三段中的“With the vast increase in enrollment and the shift in priorities away from education in state and federal budgets, there is in most of our public institutions a significant decrease in per capita (人均) outlay for their students. (随着入学率的大幅度提高和国家与各州不再给高等教育以财政上的优先权，公立大学花在每个大学生身上的钱已经明显下降)”可知，现在国家与各州不再给高等教育以财政上的优先权，说明以前高等教育在国家和各州的财政上是有优先权的。故选C项。 题型二 完形填空 （2025·北京房山·一模）It was hot. And it was Saturday! “I 1 pulling weeds!” I thought. Still, I made sure to pull every annoying weed. My dad could 2 a single weed a mile away. And if he spotted even one, I’d be stuck working all day. “Dad, I’m done,” I shouted from the garden, feeling sure that I had done a good job. But then Dad 3 out of the house. “Don’t shout!” he said, waving an angry finger, “you missed a spot.” I sighed and went back to work. Atter a while, I looked back at Dad. He still wore that mad look on his face, his eyes searching the garden as if he could find every tiny imperfection. “Okay,” he said, 4 , “I guess you’ re done.” As Dad walked back to the house, I wondered if he liked me. Two weeks later, on the morning of another weed picking weekend, I woke up feverish. “Let’s go,” Dad said, 5 me from the bed. “You need to see a doctor.” “Please, no,” I said in a 6 voice, “I’d rather pull weeds.” He took me anyway, and the doctor said I had pneumonia (肺炎). That night a (n) 7 woke me from my sleep. I saw my dad who came up to me and put his hand against my 8 . Then, I saw him 9 something on my table. When he left, I found a necklace with a charm shaped like a small dog, just like my favorite pet. I held it to my heart and cried. My dad, who never hugged me or said, “I 10 you”, had just said it all. 1．A．prefer B．tolerate C．avoid D．hate 2．A．see B．mark C．remove D．ignore 3．A．bounded B．struggled C．slipped D．stormed 4．A．turning away B．breaking down C．nodding off D．rushing forward 5．A．waking B．lifting C．shaking D．rescuing 6．A．confident B．strange C．cheerful D．weak 7．A．scream B．noise C．alarm D．whisper 8．A．arm B．shoulder C．forehead D．wrist 9．A．lay B．throw C．write D．adjust 10．A．respect B．trust C．love D．miss 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的父亲让作者拔草，而作者讨厌这一活动，父亲的态度让作者怀疑父亲对自己的爱。直到作者生病，父亲送了一条项链，表达自己的爱。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我讨厌拔草！”我想。A. prefer偏爱；B. tolerate忍受；C. avoid避免；D. hate讨厌。根据后文“Still, I made sure to pull every annoying weed.(尽管如此，我还是把所有烦人的草都拔掉了)”可知，作者讨厌拔草。故选D。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我爸一英里外就能看到一株杂草。A. see看见；B. mark标记；C. remove去除；D. ignore忽视。根据后文“a single weed a mile away”指父亲很远就能看见杂草。故选A。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后爸爸就怒气冲冲地走出了房子。A. bounded跳跃；B. struggled努力；C. slipped滑动；D. stormed猛烈攻击，怒气冲冲地走出。根据后文““Don’t shout!” he said, waving an angry finger, “you missed a spot.”(“别喊！”他生气地挥舞着手指说，“你漏了一个地方。”)”可知，指父亲怒气冲冲地走出了房子。故选D。 4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：“好吧，”他说着转过身去“我想你做完了。”A. turning away转移；B. breaking down出故障；C. nodding off打瞌睡；D. rushing forward向前冲。根据后文“As Dad walked back to the house, I wondered if he liked me.(当爸爸走回家的时候，我怀疑他是否喜欢我)”指父亲检查完作者的工作，转身回家。故选A。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们走吧，”爸爸说着，把我从床上抱起来。A. waking散步；B. lifting举起；C. shaking摇晃；D. rescuing救援。根据后文“me from the bed”指把作者从床上抱起来，故选B。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“请不要，”我用微弱的声音说，“我宁愿拔草。”A. confident自信的；B. strange奇怪的；C. cheerful欢呼的；D. weak虚弱的。根据上文“Two weeks later, on the morning of another weed picking weekend, I woke up feverish.(两周后，在另一个采摘杂草的周末早晨，我醒来时发烧了)”指作者因为发烧而虚弱。故选D。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，一阵嘈杂声把我从睡梦中吵醒。A. scream尖叫；B. noise噪音；C. alarm警报；D. whisper低语。根据后文“woke me from my sleep”指噪音吵醒了作者。故选B。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看见我爸爸，他走到我跟前，把手放在我的额头上。A. arm胳膊；B. shoulder肩膀；C. forehead前额；D. wrist手腕。根据上文“I woke up feverish.”提到作者发烧，推测父亲手放在作者额头上查看作者体温。故选C。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我看见他把什么东西放在我的桌子上。A. lay安放；B. throw扔；C. write写；D. adjust调整。根据后文“When he left, I found a necklace with a charm shaped like a small dog, just like my favorite pet. I held it to my heart and cried.(当他离开时，我发现了一条项链，项链上的符咒形状像一只小狗，就像我最喜欢的宠物一样。我把它抱在胸前哭了起来)”可知，父亲放下了一条项链。故选A。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的父亲从来没有拥抱过我，也没有说过“我爱你”，但他刚刚把一切都说了出来。A. respect尊重；B. trust信任；C. love爱；D. miss错过。根据上文“As Dad walked back to the house, I wondered if he liked me.(当爸爸走回家的时候，我怀疑他是否喜欢我)”以及父亲送作者项链，可知父亲用行动表明了自己对作者的爱。故选C。 2025年 Text 1 【2025全国二卷】I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, 56 bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and 57 (center) heating doesn’t exist. Nothing in my life before prepared me 58 this one-and to be sure, the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area. But it’s amazing how you can adapt 59 learn in a new environment. Over time, I’ve found 60 (I) feeling extremely at home here. And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes 61 (be) one of them.      Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance 62 (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the 63 (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky 64 (afternoon) with lots of fresh air. If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt 65 (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders. 【答案】 56．where 57．central 58．for 59．and 60．myself 61．is 62．to discover 63．absence 64．afternoons 65．left 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从美国到中国浙江农村生活的经历与感受。 56．考查定语从句。句意：然而现在，我和我的中国丈夫和他的家人住在中国浙江的农村，在那里山上野生竹子和茶树丛生，鸡总是自由放养的，而且没有集中供暖。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the countryside of Zhejiang，China，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 57．考查形容词。句意同上。本空修饰名词heating，应用形容词central“中央的，中心的”，作定语。故填central。 58．考查介词。句意：我生命中没有任何事情能让我为这一切做好准备——可以肯定的是，我第一次来到这里时，从未想过我会在这个地方感到舒适。prepare sb. for...“使某人为……做好准备”，固定搭配。故填for。 59．考查连词。句意：但令人惊讶的是，你是如何适应并在新环境中学习的。adapt和learn是并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 60．考查反身代词。句意：随着时间的推移，我发现自己在这里有了宾至如归的感觉。本空指代主语I，表示“我自己”，应用反身代词myself。故填myself。 61．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：晒过的衣服的“阳光的味道”就是其中之一。本句描述的是一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is。 62．考查非谓语动词。句意：在我的成长过程中，我的家人和邻居从不使用晾衣绳晾晒衣物，这让我没有机会发现阳光的奇妙之处之一——将衣服晒了一整天后散发的甜美的“阳光的味道”。本句已有谓语used，此处应用非谓语动词， chance to do sth.“做某事的机会”,本空用discover的不定式，作定语。故填to discover。 63．考查名词。句意：我住的地方，晒干的衣服闻起来特别香，这要归功于没有烟雾，而且下午的天很蓝天、空气新鲜。本空作thanks to的宾语，应用名词absence“缺乏，没有”，不可数名词。故填absence。 64．考查名词的数。句意：我住的地方，晒干的衣服闻起来特别香，这要归功于没有烟雾，而且下午有很多蓝天和新鲜空气。afternoon“下午”是可数名词，此处指不止一个下午，应用复数形式afternoons。故填afternoons。 65．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你从未体验过在阳光下晾晒了一整天的床单或衬衫散发的“阳光的味道”，那么你就错过了生活中的一大奇观。本句已有谓语have experienced，此处应用非谓语动词，a sheet or shirt和leave“使处于某种状态”之间是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填left。 Text 2 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 【2025北京卷】Most days after school, I love walking in the forest with my dog Nick. It’s ____11____ (peace), especially around sunset. Nick has a fun time smelling the leaves and running after rabbits. When Nick runs ahead, I hear him barking excitedly. I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone ____12____ (scare). The truth, though, is ____13____ could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest. 【答案】11. peaceful 12. scared 13. what 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者大多数放学后和狗Nick在森林散步的时光。 【11题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这里很宁静，尤其是在日落时分。“is”后接形容词作表语，“peace”的形容词形式是“peaceful”，意为“宁静的”。故填peaceful。 【12题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我有时会把他叫回来，担心他可能会吓到别人。“have sb. done”表示 “使某人被……”，“someone”与“scare”之间是被动关系，即某人被吓到，用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填scared。 【13题详解】 考查表语从句引导词。句意：不过，真相正如所料 —— 这里从来没有其他人。“is”后接表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，用what引导，what在从句中作主语，意为“…… 的事情”。故填what。 2024年 Text 1 【2024北京卷】One day, I saw a boy walking along George Street with an armful of books. I thought ___18___ myself, “Why would he carry all his books? ” Just then, some kids ran at him, ___19___ (knock) his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. My heart went out to him, and I ___20___ (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!” 【答案】18. to 19. knocking 20. jogged 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者为一个掉落东西的男孩提供帮助的故事。 【18题详解】 考查介词。句意：我心想，“他为什么要把所有的书都拿着？”think to oneself为固定搭配，表示“心想，暗想”，符合语境。故填to。 【19题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：就在这时，一些孩子朝他跑来，把他的书从他怀里撞了出来。句中已有谓语ran，空处作非谓语动词，knock与逻辑主语some kids之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式knocking作状语。故填knocking。 【20题详解】 考查时态。句意：我很同情他，然后朝他慢跑过去。句中and连接并列句，空处作后句谓语，根据句中went可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子使用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式jogged。故填jogged。Text 2 2023年 Test 1 【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach…the animals? Since June 2017, right before the ___36___ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ___37___ (confidence) speaking English. And who do they speak English ___38___? Not the pandas, even though ___39___ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to ___40___ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give ___41___ (interview) in English with international journalists. This is ___42___ they need an English trainer. So, what are they learning? ___43___ (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop ___44___ to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I ___45___ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English. 【答案】36. arrival 37. confident 38. with 39. the 40. visiting 41. interviews 42. why 43. Basically 44. and 45. wished 【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者在柏林动物园教英语。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空处应填名词作介词before的宾语，arrive的名词形式是arrival，不可数名词。故填arrival。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空处和前文的comfortable并列，作并列表语，应用形容词形式，confidence的形容词形式是confident。故填confident。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：他们和谁说英语？分析句子结构可知，根据句意此处强调双向交流，应用固定搭配：speak with sb.意“与某人交谈”。故填with。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知，此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言，表特指，应用定冠词修饰。故填the。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈，这些管理员经常来检查从中国租借来的大熊猫。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语；visit对应的形容词为visiting“来访的”。故填visiting。 【41题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。分析句子结构可知，空前是动词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，interview意为“采访”为可数名词，不止一段采访，应用复数形式。故填interviews。 【42题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意，应用why引导表语从句。故填why。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：基本上，如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，basic的副词形式是basically位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Basically。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：我很荣幸能看到熊猫项目的发展，看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。分析句子结构可知，“to watch the panda programme develop”和“to see the pandas settle into their new home”两者是并列关系，应该用and连接。故填and。 【45题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以wish作本句谓语，和主语I之间是主动关系，根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。故填wished。 Text 2 【2023年北京卷】Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones on punctuality (守时). I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I ____11____(throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up ____12____(exact) on time. Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest____13____(arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. 【答案】11. would throw 12. exactly 13. had arrived 【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在瑞士和法国体验到的不同的守时习俗。 【11题详解】 考查时态。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或呈现的状态应用过去将来时。故填would throw。 【12题详解】 考查副词。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。修饰介词短语on time应用副词exactly，故填exactly。 【13题详解】 考查时态。句意：多年以后，搬到法国后，我在约定的时间赴宴，却发现没有其他客人到场，女主人还穿着睡衣。从句中表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故填had arrived。 2022年 Test 1 【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1. 2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___36___ (fall) child. Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK. ___37___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ___38___ (sleep) while watching TV. Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___39___ (see) them. When he looked down, he ___40___ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes ___41___ screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him. Henry ___42___ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ___43___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. He saved my ___44___ (son) life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know ___45___ to thank him. ” "I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry. 【答案】36. falling 37. The 38. asleep 39. to see 40. accidentally 41. and 42. was fixing 43. threw 44. son's 45. how 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是正在修车的Henry拯救了挂在六楼公寓的阳台上，即将要掉下来的小孩Eric的故事。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时，他跑了100米，跳过了1. 2米高的栅栏，伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，fall为动词，意为“掉落”， child和fall之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构，设空处要填写冠词与Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏，意为“某某一家人”，the符合句意。同时该单词置于句首，首字母应该大写。故填The。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写形容词作表语。sleep为动词，意为“睡觉”，其形容词为asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配，意为“熟睡的”，asleep符合句意。故填asleep。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意，他要爬到阳台去看他们（外面玩闹的孩子们。），故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental为形容词，意为“意外的，失误的”，其副词为accidentally，意为“意外地，失误地”，符合句意。故填accidentally。 【41题详解】 考查连词。句意：他坚持了几分钟，尖叫喊着他的父亲，但他的父亲没有听到他。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写连词，连接hung和screamed两个动作。根据句意，此处表示并列关系。故填and。 【42题详解】 考查动词。句意：听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的when he heard the screams，可知，设空处的动作是正在发生的，同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词，意为“修理”，其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。 【43题详解】 考查过去式。句意：他迅速把工具扔到一边，伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构，设空处与空后的and started构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词，意为“扔”，过去时为threw。故填threw。 【44题详解】 考查名词所有格。句意：他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据句意，life与提示词son之间是所属关系，故应该使用名词所有格。故填son’s。 【45题详解】 考查特殊疑问词。句意：我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构，设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to do不定式结构作宾语。根据句意，how意为“如何”，符合句意。故填how。 Test 3 【2022年全国甲卷】A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___41___ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___42___ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___43___ (bold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. ___44___ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ___45___ (protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___46___ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey. In the last five cars. Cao ___47___ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___48___ (high) mountain. Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers ___49___ Xi’an to Kashgar on seat. 20, ___50___ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months. 【答案】41. to journey 42. who 43. held 44. A 45. protection 46. meaningful 47. has walked 48. highest 49. from 50. planning 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一个失明的北京男子曹盛康徒步旅行一带一路的事情。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知，journey为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填to journey。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。分析句子结合句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为Cao Shengkang，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹决定徒步穿越这条路线，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词decided，所以hold应用非谓语动词形式，hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，表被动。故填held。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a，空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填A。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：曹和吴还沿路收集垃圾，以促进环境保护。根据句意和空前的形容词environmental可知，此处应用名词protection，作宾语，protection表示“保护”时，是不可数名词。故填protection。 【46题详解】 考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构，应用形容词meaningful，作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。 【47题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has walked。 【48题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前Africa’s可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。故填highest。 【49题详解】 考查介词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。根据句意和Xi’an to Kashgar 可知，此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”，应用介词from，固定搭配from…to…表示“从……到……”。故填from。 【50题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。分析句子可知，已有谓语动词flew，所以动词plan(计划)应用非谓语动词形式，plan与主语He之间为逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动。故填planning。 Test 4 【2022年北京卷】Helen was walking down the street late ____11____ the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. Focused on balancing the bags, she didn’t notice her wallet falling out of her pocket. As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention ____12____ (harm) her, Helen started to run. Eventually, the man ____13____ (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet! 【答案】11. in 12. to harm 13 caught 【解题导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是海伦在夜间独行时的一段经历。 11.【解析】 考查介词。句意：深夜，海伦抱着购物袋走在街上。in the evening意为“在晚上”，固定搭配。故in。 12.【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：海伦担心他可能有意伤害她，便开始快跑。分析句子结构，可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式，have an intention to do sth.意为“有意向做某事”，固定搭配，不定式作后置定语。故填to harm。 13.【解析】 考查动词时态。句意：最终，那个男人追上了她，他只是想把她的钱包还给她！结合句意空处应填谓语动词的形式，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填caught。 Test 5 【2022年北京卷】Since people can’t always eat out or cook for ____17____ (they), they get takeout or order delivery. More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of ____18____ are only good for one use. That’s a big problem and it is getting even ____19____ (bad). The use of those plastics ____20____ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 【答案】17. themselves 18. which 19. worse 20. has increased 【解题导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了人们在点外卖的同时，也增加了塑料产品的使用，造成了环境污染。 1.考查反身代词。句意：因为人们不能总是在外面吃饭或者为他们自己做饭，所以他们叫外卖或者叫外卖。空处在句中作介词for的宾语，当主语和宾语为同一物时，宾语要用反身代词。所以此处要用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 2.考查定语从句。句意：这包括杯子、瓶子和袋子，其中大多数（东西）只有一种用途。分析可知，most of ______are only good for one use在句中为非限制性定语从句；先行词为cups, bottles, and bags，在从句中作介词of的宾语，所以此处用关系代词which。故填which。 3.考查比较级。句意：这是个大问题，而且越来越严重。even“甚至”常置于比较级前，所以此处用worse，故填worse。 4.考查现在完成时。句意：自从2019年，那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since 2019，可知此处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics为单数含义，助动词用has。故填has increased。 2021年 Test 1 【2021年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】I've always loved the ocean. In the____36____ (seven) grade,I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ____37____ (think)it is food. I decided to do something ____38____ (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company____39____ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back. One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws （吸管）. I found the contact information of the company____40____ emailed its president. I told him how ____41____ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so____42____ (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half. I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to ____43____ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company ____44____ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over _____45_____ plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights. 【答案】36. seventh 37. thinking 38. to educate 39. which/that 40. and 41. harmful 42. excited 43. was 44. representative 45. the 【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述了自己为了保护海洋，减少塑料垃圾所做出的努力。 【36题详解】 考查序数词。句意：七年级的时候，我开始在加州的蒙特利湾水族馆做志愿者。 表示“七年级” 用序数词，所以填seventh。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当我得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾，以为那是食物时，我很难过。分析句子结构，____2____ (think)it is food.用作状语，think与其逻辑主语many sea animals之间是主动关系，用现在分词，所以填thinking。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构，____3____ (educate) people about this problem.用作目的状语，用不定式，所以填to educate。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：我决定，如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料，我就给它发邮件，敦促它减少使用塑料。分析句子结构， ____4____ used a lot of plastic是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a company，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，用which或that引导该从句，所以填which或that。 【40题详解】 考查连词。句意：我找到了这家公司的联系方式，并给公司总裁发了电子邮件。“found”和“emailed”之间是并列关系，用and连接两个并列的谓语动词，所以填and。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为how引导的感叹句，how之后接形容词，所以填harmful。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当他给我回信时，我很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语，用形容词，修饰人，用v+ed形式的形容词，所以填excited。 【43题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从句的谓语动词“wrote” 可知这里描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数结构中，谓语动词用单数，所以填was。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。该空作句子主语，用名词，前面有不定冠词修饰，用名词单数，所以填representative。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。 特指“1200个航班的塑料杯”，用定冠词，所以填the。 Test 2 【2021年全国甲卷】The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It ___41___ (build) originally to protect the city ___42___ the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). It is possible ___43___ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall. After ___44___ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what ___45___ (good) than to ride on a piece of history! We ___46___ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky ___47___ did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all ___48___ way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and ___49___ (watchtower) to fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their ____50____ (day) routines. 【答案】41. was built 42. in 43. to walk 44. spending 45. better 46. hired 47. but 48. the 49. watchtowers 50. daily 【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者游览西安长城的活动。 【41题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语，动词build和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态（be done），根据句意和时间状语the Tang dynasty可知，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，主语it为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填was built。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。根据句意可知，表示“在某个朝代”应用介词in。故填in。 【43题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：在观察了城墙上所有的防御设备后，我们决定是时候采取行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处为句型“it +be+adj+to do sth.”，it为形式主语，动词walk的不定式短语作真正主语。故填to walk。 【44题详解】 考查动名词。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处After为介词，故spend应用其动名词形式作介词宾语。故填spending。 【45题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。根据后文比较连（介）词than可知，此处应用形容词good的比较级。故填better。 【46题详解】 考查时态。句意：我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词，根据上下文可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填hired。 【47题详解】 考查连词。句意：我的自行车又旧又摇摇晃晃，但还可以骑。后文did the job和前文My bike was old and shaky之间存在转折关系，故用表示转折的连词but连接。故填but。 【48题详解】 考查冠词。句意：我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。结合句意表示“一直；完全地”可知短语为all the way，故用定冠词the限定名词way。故填the。 【49题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。根据句意以及前文形容词different可知，此处可数名词watchtower是复数概念，应用其复数形式。故填watchtowers。 【50题详解】 考查形容词。句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。修饰后文名词routines应用day的形容词daily，作定语，修饰名词。故填daily。 Test 3 【2021年浙江卷6月】It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, ___36___ （prove）irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. Beautifully restored（修复）to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln's home for 17 years. In 1844 they bought it ___37___ $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ___38___ （marry）ceremony in 1842. When the house was built, it was much ___39___ （small）than it is today. Mary's niece wrote, "The little home ___40___ （paint）white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of ___41___ （she）, everything in good taste and in perfect order. Although Mary loved flowers, ___42___ she nor her husband was known as a gardener. A long- time neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year. Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over ___43___ （plant）flowers in the front yard. ___44___ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and ____45____ （sell）most of their furniture. 【答案】36. has proved/has proven 37. for 38. marriage 39. smaller 40. was painted 41. herself 42. neither 43. to plant 44. The 45. sold 【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美国总统林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的老房子的变迁历史。 【36题详解】 考查动词。句意：它不像乔治华盛顿在波托马克河畔的种植园那样给人留下深刻印象，但林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家，自从向公众开放以来，就被证明对游客来说是不可抗拒的。分析句子成分可知，设空处作谓语动词，Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield Illinois作主语；结合句意及设空处后的时间状语从句since it opened to the public可知，此处指过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，符合现在完成时概念，故设空处用现在完成时；现在完成时结构是has/have +过去分词；主语Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield Illinois是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has，提示词prove 的过去分词形式是proved或proven。故填 has proved/ has proven。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：1844年，他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地，查尔斯·德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。结合句意可知，此处考查固定短语buy sth. for +价格，意为“以……价格买某物”。故填for。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：1844年，他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地，查尔斯·德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。结合设空前的形容词性物主代词可知，此处要用名词形式；结合设空处后的ceremony，可知此处意为“婚礼”；提示词marry意为“婚姻”，其名词形式为marriage，marriage ceremony意为“婚礼”。故填marriage。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这栋房子建成时比现在小得多。结合设空前的much和设空后的than可知，此处考查形容词比较级固定结构much+比较级+than，提示词small的比较级形式为smaller。故填smaller。 【40题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：这个小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语动词，The little home作主语。结合句意及常识可知，房子是“被漆”的，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；根据上文的was built可知，此处为一般过去时态；一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词；主语The little home是单数第三人称，所以要用was，提示词paint的过去分词形式是painted。故填was painted。 【41题详解】 考查代词。句意：她非常漂亮，她的房子是她自己的写照，一切都很有品位，井井有条。根据句意可知，此处意为“她自己”，可知此处考查反身代词；提示词she的反身代词是herself。故填herself。 【42题详解】 考查连词。句意：虽然玛丽喜欢花，但她和她的丈夫都不是有名的园丁。根据句意可知，此处考查连词结构“neither…nor…”，意为“既不……也不……”。故填neither。 【43题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：玛丽的妹妹弗朗西丝·托德·华莱士经常来前院种花。分析句子结构可知，设空处作状语；根据句意可知，此处是目的状语；目的状语用动词不定式表示；提示词plant的不定式形式为to plant。故填to plant。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：林肯夫妇在1856年把房子扩大到了整整两层，以满足他们日益增长的家庭的需要。根据句意可知，此处意为“林肯一家”；根据设空后的Lincolns可知，此处考查“the+姓氏复数”，表示夫妇俩，或者一家人。设空处位于句首，所以首字母要大写。故填The。 【45题详解】 考查动词。句意：1861年林肯当选美国总统后，他们租了房子，卖掉了大部分家具。分析句子成分可知，设空处和前面的动词rented一起做并列谓语；根据时间状语1861可知，此处用一般过去时态，提示词sell的过去式形式是sold。故填sold。 20 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$