2026年中考英语一轮语法复习课件 动词时态

动词时态 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 1 the singular form of a verb 动词三单形式 work like want play go teach fix wash try cry worry study have are works likes wants 一般情况，在动词后 + s goes teaches fixes 以o, s, x, sh, ch 结尾的动词，在词尾+ es tries cries worries studies has washes 不规则变化 以 辅音字母+y 结尾的动词，变 y 为 i + es plays is 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Let’s practice! She _________ (be) a writer. Amy _________ (like) eating apples. Tony _________ (run) very fast in his class. Jack often _________ (go) to school on foot. My mother usually _________ (play) badminton in the afternoon. Mary _________ (study) very hard. This cake _________ (taste) very good. There _________ (be) someone singing in the classroom. Susan _________ (have) many books, and you can borrow one from her. The letter “o” _________ (look) like zero. is likes runs goes plays studies tastes is has looks 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 the past tense of a verb 动词过去式 work help want play like love use dance try cry worry study stop plan beg rob worked helped wanted 一般情况，在动词后 + ed liked loved used 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接 + d tried cried worried studied stopped planned begged danced 以重读闭音节结尾，也就是最后三个字母为辅+元+辅组合的动词， 先双写末尾的辅音字母，再+ ed 以 辅音字母+y 结尾的动词，变 y 为 i + ed played robbed 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Irregular forms took said dug began swam ran threw rode flew brought thought was were put hit hurt had went came fell did bought am/is are put hit hurt have go come fall do buy take say dig begin swim run throw ride fly bring think 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Let’s practice! I _________ (see) him yesterday. The boy _________ (have) a cold yesterday. Tom _________ (buy) that house last year. She _________ (paint) the wall last month. ---_________ (be) you here just now? ---No, I _________. The children have a good time in the park. (加yesterday变成新句子) My grandfather waters the plants every day. (时间变为yesterday) saw had bought painted Were wasn’t The children had a good time in the park yesterday. My grandfather watered the plants yesterday. 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 the past participle of the verb 动词过去分词 work help want play like love use dance try cry worry study stop plan beg rob worked helped wanted 一般情况，在动词后 + ed liked loved used 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接 + d tried cried worried studied stopped planned begged danced 以重读闭音节结尾，也就是最后三个字母为辅+元+辅组合的动词， 先双写末尾的辅音字母，再+ ed 以 辅音字母+y 结尾的动词，变 y 为 i + ed played robbed 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 动词变过去分词不规则变化： AAA型；put—put—put cut—cut—cut shut—shut—shut ABA型；run—ran—run come—came—come ABB型；buy—bought—bought bring—brought—brought ABC型；grow—grew—grown throw—threw—thrown [注意：有些动词有两种变化形式，有的意义相同，而有的意义则不同。如下所示：] 意义相同；learn—learnt/learned—learnt/learned 意义不同； hang—hung—hung吊着；悬挂 hang—hanged—hanged 绞死；吊死 lie—lay—lain 躺；位于 lie—lied—lied 撒谎 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Irregular forms taken said dug begun swum run thrown ridden flown brought thought been done put hit hurt had gone come fallen sold bought am/is/are do put hit hurt have go come fall sell buy take say dig begin swim run throw ride fly bring think 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 the present participle of a verb 动词现在分词形式 work sleep study have take make dance put run stop begin die lie tie working sleeping studying 一般情况，在动词后+ing having taking making 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去e + ing putting running stopping beginning dying lying tying dancing 以重读闭音节结尾，也就是最后三个字母为辅+元+辅组合的动词， 先双写末尾的辅音字母，再+ ing 以 ie 结尾的动词，变 ie 为 y +ing 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Let’s practice. Write the present participle of the following verbs. ski ride shop swim get kick write chat climb Fill in the blanks with proper words. They _______________ (water) the flowers now. -- ______ Mike _________ (wash) clothes? --Yes, he is. look! The girls _______________ (dance) in the classroom. ---What is your sister doing? ---She ____________ (listen) to music. Jack ____________ (play) basketball with his friends on the playground now. skiing riding shopping swimming getting kicking writing chatting climbing are watering Is washing are dancing is listening is playing 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Simple present tense 一般现在时 结构： 肯定：主语 + am/is/are + 其他 主语 + do/does (实义动词原形或三单) + 其他 否定：主语 + am/is/are + not + 其他 主语 + don’t/doesn’t + do (动词原形) + 其他 一般疑问句： Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 其他 + ? Do/Does + 主语 + do (动词原形) + 其他 + ? 回答：Yes, 主语 + am/is/are/do/does. No, 主语 + am/is/are/do/does not. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？ 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Simple present tense 一般现在时 基本用法： 表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。与often, always, usually, sometimes, once a week, every day等时间词连用。 Lucy often _________ fishing on Sundays. (go) 表示客观真理、自然现象、名人名言时。 The earth _________ around the sun. (move) 在时间、条件等状语从句中，用现在时表示将来。（主将从现）主要连词：if， when，as soon as, until等。 If it _________ tomorrow, we won’t go to the park. (rain) When I grow up, I ____________ to America. (go) goes moves rains will go 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Let’s practice! ⑴ 我经常在放学后踢足球。 肯定： 否定： 一般疑问句： 回答： ⑵ Lucy喜欢拉小提琴。 肯定： 否定： 一般疑问句： 回答： I don’t often play football after school. I often play football after school. Lucy likes playing the violin. Lucy doesn’t like playing the violin. Do you often play football after school? Does Lucy like playing the violin? Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t. Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Simple past tense 一般过去时 结构： 肯定：主语 + was/were + 其他 主语 + did (实义动词过去式) + 其他 否定：主语 + was/were + not + 其他 主语 + didn’t + do (动词原形) + 其他 一般疑问句： Was/Were + 主语 + 其他 + ? Did + 主语 + do (动词原形) + 其他 + ? 回答：Yes, 主语 + was/were/did. No, 主语 + was/were/did not. 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Simple past tense 一般过去时 基本用法： 表示过去某时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 We _________ the factory last week. (visit) I____________ at six this morning. (get up) 表示过去的习惯或经常发生的动作。 When I was in the countryside, I often _______ in the river. (swim) 时间词 last night; yesterday; last week; some years ago; in the past; in 1980, at that time; just now; this morning, etc. visited swam got up 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Let’s practice! ⑴ 我昨天和我妈妈一起去看电影了。 肯定： 否定： 一般疑问句： 回答： ⑵ 昨晚冰箱里有一些苹果。 肯定： 否定： 一般疑问句： 回答： I didn’t go to the cinema with my mum yesterday. I went to the cinema with my mum yesterday. There were some apples in the fridge last night. There weren’t any apples in the fridge last night. Did you go to the cinema with your mum yesterday? Were there any apples in the fridge last night? Yes, there were. / No, there weren’t. Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Simple future tense 一般将来时 结构： 肯定：主语 + will + do (动词原形) + 其他 主语 + am/is/are going to do (动词原形)+ 其他 否定：主语 + will not + do (动词原形) + 其他 主语 + am/is/are not going to do (动词原形)+ 其他 一般疑问句： Will + 主语 + do (动词原形) + 其他 + ? Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to do (动词原形) + 其他 + ? 回答：Yes, 主语 + will/am/is/are. No, 主语 + will/am/is/are not. 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Simple future tense 一般将来时 基本用法： 表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，其构成是will+动词原形，常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow, next week, in a few days, next Sunday, in + 一段时间, in 2022等。 They _______________ Shanghai next week. (leave for) _________ you ____________ in two days? (be back) “be going to + 动词原形” 表示计划、打算做某事，表示已决定的、很可能发生的事，或有某种迹象表明要发生的事。 Look at the dark storm. There _______________ be a storm. (be going to) be doing 表示将来，常用这种结构的动词有go, leave, come, stay, start, begin等，表示即将发生或安排好要做的事情。 Hurry up, the train ____________. (leave) will leave for Will be back is going to is leaving 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Let’s practice! 明天下午这里有个会议。 肯定： 否定： 一般疑问句： 回答： There is going to be a meeting tomorrow afternoon. There will be a meeting tomorrow afternoon. There isn’t going to be a meeting tomorrow afternoon. Will there be a meeting tomorrow afternoon? There won’t be a meeting tomorrow afternoon. Is there going to be a meeting tomorrow afternoon? Yes, there will/is. No, there will/is not. 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Past future tense 过去将来时 结构： 肯定：主语 + would + do (动词原形) + 其他 主语 + was/were going to do (动词原形)+ 其他 否定：主语 + would not + do (动词原形) + 其他 主语 + was/were not going to do (动词原形)+ 其他 一般疑问句： Would + 主语 + do (动词原形) + 其他 + ? Was/were + 主语 + going to do (动词原形) + 其他 + ? 回答：Yes, 主语 + would/was/were. No, 主语 + would/was/were not. 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Past future tense过去将来时 2. 基本用法 表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用在宾语从句中，谓语由“would+动词原形”构成。 He said he ____________ some fruit for his sister. (buy) 表示曾经打算或准备要做的动作，用were/ was going to + 动词原形。 I thought it _______________ rain soon. (be going to) They _______________ start a new job when I saw them then. (be going to) Go, come, leave, arrive, start等动词，其过去进行时表示过去按计划即将发生的动作。 She told me she ______________ to see me. (come) would buy was going to were going to was coming 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Let’s practice! I. 选择填空 —What did your son say in the letter? 　—He told me that he ______ the Disney World the next day. A. will visit      B. has visited       C. is going to visit   D. would visit I hoped Tina ______ to my birthday party on time the next Wednesday. A. to come  B. is coming C. will come  D. was coming Father said that he ______ me to Beijing the next year. A. took   B. would take C. takes   D. will take D D B 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Let’s practice! II. 用所给动词的适当形式填空 She told him that she _____________(not stay) here for long. I wasn’t sure whether Lucy______________(come) the next year. I wasn't sure whether he _____________(lend) me his book the next morning. wouldn’t stay was coming would lend 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Present progressive tense 现在进行时 结构： 肯定：主语 + am/is/are + doing (动词现在分词) 否定：主语 + am/is/are + not + doing (动词现在分词) 一般疑问句：Am/ Is/ Are +主语+ doing (动词的现在分词) 回答：Yes, 主语 + am/ is/ are. No, 主语 + am/ is/ are + not. 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Present progressive tense 现在进行时 基本用法： 表示（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作。 E.g. Lucy 现在正在看电视。 表示现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。 E.g. 他们这学期学习一直很努力。 当时间状语为now, these days等或当句子中含有look, listen, can you see, can’t you see之类的暗示词时，要使用现在进行时。 E.g. 看，Tom正在和一只小狗玩耍。 Lucy is watching TV now. They are studying hard this term. Look! Tom is playing with a little dog. 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Present progressive tense 现在进行时 下列动词一般不用于现在进行时： 表示感觉的动词，如see、hear等。 表示喜欢或者厌恶的动词，如like、love、hate等。 表示意愿的动词，如want、would like等。 表示状态的动词，如remain等。 表示归属的动词，如belong、have等。 表示思维或理解能力的动词，如know、forget、understand、remember等。 表示存在的动词，如be、lie等。 表示动作发生后瞬间就结束的动作，如buy、end、receive等。 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Present progressive tense 现在进行时 Let’s practice! ⑴ 听，有人在教室里唱歌。 ⑵ 他们在哪里？他们正在操场上踢足球。 Listen! Someone is singing in the classroom. ---Where are they? ---They are playing football on the playground. 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Past progressive tense 过去进行时 结构： 肯定：主语 + was/were + doing (动词现在分词) 否定：主语 + was/were + not + doing (动词现在分词) 一般疑问句：Was/Were +主语+ doing (动词的现在分词) 回答：Yes, 主语 + was/were. No, 主语 + was/were+ not. 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Past progressive tense 过去进行时 基本用法： 表示过去某一时刻或过去某一段时间内正在进行的动作，常和表示过去的时间状语then, at that time, this time yesterday, at ten yesterday等连用。 --What ______ you ______ at nine last night? (do) --I ____________ TV at that time. (watch) 过去进行时常和always等表示频率的副词连用，表示频繁发生的习惯动作。 Alice ______ always _________ her mind. (change) were doing was watching was changing 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 when & while 用when引导的状语从句表示时间，说明一个动作发生的时候，另一个动作正在进行。如：—当我走进教室的时候你正在干什么？—我正在读书。 用when引导的时间状语从句也可以表示某一个动作正在进行时，另一个动作突然发生。如：当我在公园散步的时候我的钢笔掉在了地上。 用while连接的时间状语从句一般用过去进行时，表示正在进行某一个动作时发生了另一个动作，而主句常用一般过去时。如：当他正在读书的时候，电话铃响了。 when与while引导的状语从句都可以表示正在进行某个动作，但while更强调动作持续了一段时间。 用while连接的时间状语从句还可以表示某个动作正在进行的同时，另一个动作也在进行之中。如：爸爸在洗车时，妈妈在做饭。 —What were you doing when I came into the classroom? —I was reading. My pen dropped on the ground when I was walking in the park. While he was reading, the telephone rang. While Dad was washing his car, Mum was cooking. 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Past progressive tense 过去进行时 Let’s practice! Peter 昨天晚上七点的时候正在写作业 肯定： 否定： 一般疑问句： 回答： Peter was doing his homework at seven last night. Peter wasn’t doing his homework at seven last night. Was Peter doing his homework at seven last night? Yes, he was. No, he wasn’t 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Present perfect tense 现在完成时 结构： 肯定：主语 + have/has (助动词) + done 动词的过去分词 否定：主语 + have/has + not + done 一般疑问句： Have/has + 主语 + done + ? 回答：Yes, 主语 + have/has. No, 主语 + haven’t/hasn’t. 当在肯定陈述句中含有already或just 时，在转换成否定句时，要把句中的already 或just 去掉，在句末加上yet.。 I have already seen the film. I haven’t seen the film yet. 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Present perfect tense 现在完成时 基本用法 表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 ---_________ you _________ your lunch yet? (你吃过午饭了吗？) ---Yes, I have. I’ve just have it. 表示动作或状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在，也许还要持续下去，常和for + 时间段，since+时间点连用，表示持续的动作或状态，谓语动词多为延续性动词。 We ____________ friends ______ twenty years. (be) Have had have been for 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Present perfect tense 现在完成时 非延续性动词不能用“现在完成时 + 表示一段时间的状语”的句型中。这类动词有：come, go, start, leave, die, buy, finish, join, borrow, stop等。但它们能够用表示持续状态的相应的延续性动词替换句中的非延续性性动词。 例如：come → be here; buy → have; begin, start → be on; die → be dead; finish, end → be over; join → be in; borrow→keep; close →be closed; leave, move → be away; fall asleep → be asleep. 误：I’ve left this school for eight years. 正：I’ve been away from this school for eight years. 误：He has borrowed my dictionary for two days. 正：He has kept my dictionary for two days. 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Present perfect tense 现在完成时 “have/ has got” 形式上是一种完成时，但和have/ has 为同一意思“有”。 如：---Have you got pen-friends? ---Yes, I have. 你有笔友吗?是的，我有。 ---Has he got a lot of work to do? ---No, he hasn’t. 他有许多工作要做吗? 不，他没有。 have/has gone to , have/has been to , have/has been in的区别 have/ has gone to 去了，在去某地的路上或在某地，人还未回来 have/ has been to 曾经去过，人已经回来了 have/ has been in 已经在，常与一段时间连用 他以前曾去过沈阳。 他在沈阳10年了。 他去沈阳了吗? He has been to Shenyang before. He has been in Shenyang for ten years. Has he gone to Shenyang? 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Present perfect tense 现在完成时 3. just, ever, never just意为“刚刚”，表示动作刚刚结束，常放在助动词与过去分词之间。 我刚刚完成那项工作。 ever意为“曾经”，常放在助动词与过去分词之间。 你曾经去过太空博物馆吗？ never意为“从未，从来没有”，常与before连用，多放在助动词与过去分词之间。 他们以前从来没去过水上公园。 I have just finished the work. Have you ever been to the space museum? They have never been to a water park before. 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Let’s practice! Both his parents look sad . Maybe they ______what's happened to him . A. knew B. have known C. must know D. will know He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ? A. already B. never C. ever D. still Have you met Mr. Li ______？ A. just B. ago C. before D. a moment ago ---Our country ______ a lot so far . ---Yes . I hope it will be even ______ . A. has changed ; well B. changed ; good C. has changed ; better D. changed ; better B B C C 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Past perfect tense 过去完成时 结构： 肯定：主语 + had (助动词) + done 动词的过去分词 否定：主语 + had + not + done 一般疑问句： Had + 主语 + done + ? 回答：Yes, 主语 + had. No, 主语 + hadn’t. 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Past perfect tense 过去完成时 基本用法 由“过去的过去”来判定。过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。　 她说她以前看过这部电影。 连用的时间状语： by + 过去的时间点。 I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night. 　　 by the end of + 过去的时间点。 We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. 　　 before + 过去的时间点。 They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. She said she had seen the film before. 昨晚九点钟以前我已经看完了这本小说。 到上学期末，我们已经学了两千多个英语单词。 到上周三为止，他们已经种了600棵树。 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Let’s practice! He asked me _____ during the summer holidays. A. where I had been B. where I had gone C. where had I been D. where had I gone What ____ Jane ____ by the time he was seven? A. did, do B. has, done C did, did. D. had, done I _____ 900 English words by the time I was ten. A. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learnt By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I _____ the dinner already. A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked A D C A 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 一般过去时&现在完成时 now past future 一般过去时 现在完成时 一般过去时：to talk about events in the past which are separate from now(the moment of speaking) 表示的是纯粹在过去发生的事情 现在完成时：to connect the past and now(the moment of speaking) 表示的是在过去某个时间开始，并持续到现在的动作/状态 发生在过去，却对现在造成的影响 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 一般过去时&现在完成时 一般过去时的时间状语: yesterday, last week，…ago, in1990, in October, just now, …-- 具体的时间状语 主语+was/were/did(实义动词过去式)+其他 现在完成时的时间状语: for+时间段, since+时间点, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past few years, recently, … --模糊的时间状语 主语+have/has done(动词过去分词) + 其他 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 一般过去时&现在完成时 He has gone to Shanghai. 他(已经)去上海了。 He has been to Shanghai. 他(曾经) 去过上海。 比较 have/has been to have/has gone to 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 一般过去时&现在完成时 He went to Shanghai last week. 他(曾经)到/去过上海 [在他人生中曾经有过这样的经历,但他人现在肯定不是在上海而是回来了] 他已经去上海了 [也许刚动身出发,也许已经到了,也许还在路上,反正他人不在这里] 上周他[做了一件事:那就是]去了上海 He has been to Shanghai. He has gone to Shanghai. He has been in Shanghai for 10 years. 他呆在上海迄今为止已经10年了 [现在还在上海没有离开呢] 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Practice! I _______________ the cake, I am full now. (eat) I ____________ the cake last night. (eat) He __________ the film ten years ago. (see) He _____________ the film twice. (see) Mary isn’t in the classroom. ________she ________ her homework yet? (finish) Mary isn’t in the classroom. She __________ her homework just now. (finish) Mother _____________ supper. We can have a nice meal. (cook) She ___________ her clothes this morning. (wash) have eaten ate saw has seen Has finished finished has cooked washed 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 Practice! The train _______ already ____________. (arrive) Jane _________ me a dictionary the day before yesterday. (send) Tomorrow is my father’s birthday. I ______________ ( buy ) a present for him. Yesterday was my father’s birthday. I ___________ ( buy ) a present for him. He ______________ in this factory since 2016. (work) He __________ in this factory in 2016. (work) Susan _____________ Beijing for eight years. (be in) ---Where is Jack? ---He _____________ Shanghai. (has been to/has gone to) has arrived sent have bought bought has worked worked has been in has gone to 此区域不可填写内容 此区域不可填写内容 $$