北京市第二中学2024-2025学年高一上学期第三学段段考英语试题

北京二中2024一2025学年度第三学段高一年级学段考试试卷 英语必修Ⅱ 命题人：罗景南，周洁 审核人：李杰，刘羽得分： 第1卷 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，25分） 第一节语音知识（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 请选出下列各组单词中下划线部分的发音与其他单词不相同的一个单词。 1.A.creative B.investigate C.donate D entrance 2. A.harmony B.software C.confidence D.province 3. A.electricity A.quality C.forgive D.authority 4. A.button B.measure C.sonduct D function 5. A.semester B.petrol C.credit D.request 6..A.proposal B.tongue C process D.outgoing 7.A.length B.threat C.theft D breathe 8.A.searched .B.pressed C.clicked D.preserved 9.A.contacts B.pants C.packages D.flats 10.A.hear B.near C bear D.clear 第二节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项。 When Susan was a high school senior,her English teacher Mr.DiMeo gave the class a challenging task:Recite a poem in front of the whole class. "I had a mild stutter ()I'd be11 to get a word out that might begin with 'D'or'TH', or I might say 'the'three times,"Susan said.The thought of getting up in front of her classmates and stuttering through the poem was too much to12.Susan went home and13how scared she was to her mom,who agreed to write a note asking for her to be 14 from doing the task in front of the whole class. When the day of the recitation came,Susan recited the poem one-on-one to Mr.DiMeo.15 she was done,Mr.DiMeo said something she'd never heard before:that he liked listening to her voice.For the first time,she considered the possibility that public speaking didn't have to be a source of16_. Susan went on to graduate from high school and go to college.She never got to properly thank Mr.DiMeo.But sometime after college,she17a job as a corporate trainer.The new position made her realize how big a(n)18he hadhad on her confidence. "I stand up in front of people and speak,and I do it all the time.If I do stutter once in a while, no big deal,"she said.Susan recently found a way to19her former teacher,and plans on sending him a letter expressing her appreciation. In her mind,Mr.DiMeo is an unsung hero,because he's a big reason why she has a successful career and life."I don't know where I would've gone if I felt like I had to keep my voice 20 ·高-一年级英语第三学段考试2025年1月第1页（共8页）- because I was afraid of embarrassing myself.I'd like to thank him for that kindness." 11.A.continuing B.struggling C.pretending D.hoping 12 A.share B.express C.find D.bear 13.A taught B proved C.revealed D.promised 14.A excused B.prohibited C.corrected D.discouraged 15.A.While B Although ℃.Unless D.Once 16.A.jealousy B.worry C boredom B.loneliness 17.A.wanted B.offered C.landed D created 18.A.impact B.idea C.choice D stress 19.A.judge B.contact C.study D.interview 20.A sweet B.loud C.quiet D.deep 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Find Your Adventure at the Space and Aviation (Center If you're looking for a unique adventure,the Space and Aviation Center(SAC)is the place to be.The Center offers programs designed to challenge and inspire with hands-on tasks and lots of fun. More than 750,000 have graduated from SAC,with many seeking employment in engineering, aviation,education,medicine and a wide variety of other professions.They come to camp,wanting to know what it is like to be an astronaut or a pilot,and they leave with real-world applications for what they're studying in the classroom. For the trainees,the programs also offer a great way to earn merit badges(荣誉微章).At Space Camp,trainees can earn their Space Exploration badge as they build and fire model rockets,learn about space tasks and try simulated (flying to space with the crew from all over the world. The Aviation Challenge program gives trainees the chance to earn their Aviation badge.They learn the principles of flight and test their operating skills in the cockpit of a variety of flight simulators.Trainees also get a good start on their Wilderness Survival badge as they leamn about water-and land-survival through designed tasks and their search and rescue of a"downed"pilot. With all the programs.teamwork is key as trainees learn the importance of leadership and being part of a bigger task. All this fun is available for ages 9 to 18.Families can enjoy the experience together,too,with Family Camp programs for families with children as young as 7. Stay an hour or stay a week-there is something here for everyone! For more details,please visit us online at www.oursac.com. 21.Why do people come to SAC? A.fo experience adventures. B To look for jobs in aviation. t.To get a degree in engineering. D To learn more about medieine. 一高一年级英语第三学段岁试2025年1月第2页（共8页）一 22.To earn a Space Exploration badge,a trainee needs to A fly to space B.get an Aviation badge first C.study the principles of flight D.build and fire model rockets 23.What is the most important quality for trainees? A.Eeadership.B.Team spirit. C.Task planning. D Survival skills. B Local barber(理发师)goes above and beyond for a little boy "That day started all wrong,"LaQuista Erinna said."And we forgot his headphones.We were running late,traffic was horrible,so I knew it was going to be difficult that day." When Erinna and her son finaly arrived at their appointment,it seemed like there was no way 6-year-old Jackson,a boy with autism ()would be getting his hair cut. "He just immediately got anxious,"Erinna explained."Usually I have to do some coaching to get him in the chair.He will put on his headphones,and we power through." Erinna said Jackson is a typical lttte boy wno loves to play and loves art.But some tasks can be sensory overload,and haircuts are one of them. The stress was so intense for mom and son that almost two years went by before Jackson got another haircut.But this time,he was in the hands of Ree,the barber,and things were getting easier. Ree noticed his Super Mario Bros shirt and told him that he needed to save Mario by making sure no hair got on him.She cut his hair while he moved and ran around the shop.She talked to him throughout the entire process,encouraging him and reminding him about protecting Mario to keep him engaged. "It just touched me so much,"Erinna said."She nurtured that relationship.She gained his trust." "I feel good I can go above and beyond for a child,"Ree said."I know children want to be free. They want to express themselves so I try to find a different strategy to make them feel comfortable." Jackson's smile told the rest of the story. Erinna was very moved by her son's haircut.She shared a video online,which has gotten millions of views.Given the huge response,Erinna also set up a special GoFundMe to support Ree to make sure she's able to continue to work and replace any lost income from the impact of the pandemic 行病). 24.What usually helped to calm Jackson during haircuts? A His mother s trust. B His art books. C.His barber's encouragement. D His headphones. 25.To express thanks to Ree,Erinna A.raised momey to support her B.advertised her hatreutting skills C.got haircuts at her shop regularly D.posted photos of Jackson's haircut online 26.Which of the following words can best describe Ree? A.Kind and honest. 8 Caring and generous. C.Patient and creative. D.Confident and friendly. C Most groups of plants and animals are richer in species and more plentiful near the equator.In ~高一年级英谱第三学段考试2025年1月第3页（共8页）- the ocean,that holds true for cold-blooded predators ()But warm-blooded predators are more diverse toward the poles and noticeably missing from several warm hot spots.Why? John Grady,an ecologist,and his team considered the possibility-warm-blooded animas need a lot to fuel their metabolism(新陈代谢).Perhaps colder waters are just richer in small fish?But they found that at higher,colder places,there isn't actually much more food around.It's more that warm-blooded animals are eating a much bigger share of it than their cold-blooded competitors. The real explanation is simple.An animal's speed,swiftness.and intelligence depend on its metabolism,which in turn depends on its temperature.Since birds and mammials can keep heating their bodies in icy conditions,they remain fast and attentive.By contrast,the fish mey hunt become slower and duller.At some tipping point ot temperature,seals,dolphins,and penguins start outswimming their prey ()They become more likely to come upon targets and outpace the cold-blooded predators of their own. In Grady's words,"Warm-bodied predators are favoured where preys are slow,stupid and cold."That's why sharks and other predatory fish dominate near the equator,but colder waters are the kingdom of whales and seals.By keeping food to themselves in the poles,these creatures can then specialize on specific types of prey,which makes them more likely to split into separate species.The killer whales of the North Pacific,for example,include mammal-eating transients and fish-eating,year-round residents. But the world is changing.It's likely that the surface of the oceans will warm by 2 to 3C within this century.Grady's team estimates that every time the ocean's surface warms by 1C,populations of sea mammals will fall by 12%,and populations of seals and sea lions will fall by 24%. But "predictions are hard,Lonna Hauser from the University of Alaska Fairbanks notes. "Polar bears are losers of a warming world,but some populations are still doing well.Some groups of whales have changed the timing of their migrations;others are hunting in deeper,colder waters. These changes might make sea mammals more adaptable to changing climates.Maybe they just need to find the places where fish remain slow,stupid and cold." 27.Why are there more types of warm-blooded predators near the noles? A.Because there is more food. B.Because there are fewer enemies. C.Because they are faster and wiser. D.Because they consume less energy. 28.The author mentions the killer whales to show A.the benefft of biological evolution B.food preference of different sea mammals C.the distinction of specific types of predators D.the advantage of constant body temperature 29.What is Donna Hauser's attitude towards the future of the sea mammals? A.Positive. B.Iegative. 2.Neutral. D.Doubtful. 30.Which is the best title for the passage? A.Are the Poles Heaven for Sea Predators? B How Do Sea Mammals Track Their Prey? C Why Do the Warm-Blooded Like Food Cold? D.Is the Werld Too Hot for the Warm-Blooded? ~商一年级英语第三学段考试2025年1月第4页（共8页）- D Albert Einstein's 1915 masterpiece"The Foundation of the General Theory of Relativity"is the first and still the best introduction to the subject,and I recommend it as such to students.But it probably wouldn't be publishable in a scientific journal today. Why not?After all,it would pass with flying colours the tests of correctness and significance. And while popular belief holds that the paper was incomprehensible to its first readers,in fact many papers in theoretical physics are much more difficult. As the physicist Richard Feynman wrote,"There was a time when the newspapers said that only 12 men understood the theory of relativity.I do believe there might have been a time when only one man did,because he was the only guy who caught on,before he wrote his paper.But after people read the paper,a lot understood the theory of relativity in some way or other,certainly more than12.” No,the problem is its style.It starts with a leisurely philosophical discussion of space and time and then continues with an exposition of known mathematics.Those two sections,which would be considered extraneous today,take up half the paper.Worse,there are zero citations of previous scientists'work,nor are there any graphics.Those features might make a paper not even get past the first editors. A similar process of professionalization has transformed other parts of the scientific landscape. Requests for research time at major observatories or national laboratories are more rigidly structured.And anything involving work with human subjects,or putting instruments in space, involves piles of paperwork. We see it also in the Regeneron Science Talent Search,the Nobel Prize of high school science competitions.In the early decades of its 78-year history,the winning projects were usually the sort of clever but naive,amateurish efforts one might expect of talented beginners working on their own. Today,polished work coming out of internships (at established laboratories is the norm. These professionalizing tendencies are a natural consequence of the explosive growth of modem science.Standardization and system make it easier to manage the rapid flow of papers, applications and people.But there are serious downsides.A lot of unproductive effort goes into jumping through bureaucratic hoops(繁文缛节)，and outsiders face entry barriers at every tur. Of course,Einstein would have found his way to meeting modern standards and publishing his results.Its scientific core wouldn't have changed,but the paper might not be the same taste to read. 31.According to Richard Feynman,Einstein's 1915 paper A.was a classic in theoretical physics B.turned out to be comprehensible C.needed further improvement D.attracted few professionals 32.What does the underlined word "extraneous"in Paragraph 4 mean? A.Unrealistic. B.Irrelevant. C.Unattractive. D.Imprecise. 33.According to the author,what is affected as modern science develops? A.The application of research findings. B.The principle of scientific research. C.The selection of young talents. D.The evaluation of laboratories. 34.Which would be the best title for this passage? A.What makes Einstein great? B.Will science be professionalized? C.Could Einstein get published today? D.How will modern science make advances? -高一年级英语第三学段考试2025年1月第5页（共8页）- 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。 The Benefits of Making Fun of Yourself Being able to laugh at yourself isn't always easy.However,making light of your weaknesses and life challenges can have a number of benefits.While it might sound surprising,being able to make fun of yourself can be good for your self-esteem )35 Making fun of yourself is a form of self-critical humor,which can involve being too modest,or even laughing at yourself humorously.36 However,research suggests they tend to be more self-confident.When this type of humor is used to maintain a positive attitude in difficult situations,it can help enhance well-being and self-esteem. 37Making fun of yourself may help make you more likable and build stronger relatonships with others.Interestingly,research suggests that both men and women think that Deing able comake fun or yourself is an attractive trait,despite differences in their ways of using humor. Laughter has been shown to have a number of stress fighting benefits.38.When you view situations as threats,stress levels increase.Shifting to a mindset that allows you to see these situations as challenges can transform this into what is known as"good stress"that helps you feel more empowered. Making fun of yourself can have some benefits,but it's important not to take things too far.If making fun of yourself starts negatively impacung your mental health or well-being,it's time to take a step back.39If you embrace your weakness and imperfections to a reasonable degree,you will feel happier and improve your relationships and overall well-being. A.Find a balance that works for you. B.Laughing at yourself helps accept yourself. C.People are more drawn to others who can laugh at themselves. B Being able to laugh at yourself can relieve stress by changing your view. B.Making fun of yourself in difficult situations can reduce your stiess greatly. F.People with such a sense of humor are sometimes regarded as having low self-esteem. G.It might even improve your relationships and help you face challenges more effectively. 第I1卷 第一节阅读表达（共4小题；共12分。第1、2小题各2分，第3小题3分，第4 小题5分。) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 I always wanted to be like explorers Marco Polo ar Ibn Battuta.They traveled the world with curiosity and a desire to share with others the marvels they discovered.They had no Internet, guidebooks,social media,blogs,vlogs,reviews,or slideshows.And with so much information available,how can one possibly be like these travel writing pioneers? The answer may shock you as it did my travel journalism students.I man nothing in advance except for a place to stay and let the place reveal itself to me on its own terms.And how does that -高一年级英语第三学段考试2025年1月第6页（共8页）- work out?I have contributed to 130 international publications with articles about what I discovered. I do not recommend this approach to everyone.But what I do suggest is that you give up your desire to have everything planned in advance,and that you stop obsessing about all the trip details and trying to make it a perfect trip.Whether you are'traveling with a tour group,friends,family,or solo,leave unstructured time,so magic can happen. Many people I know approach travel like a job,and a stressful one at that.They want to make sure they cover all the bases and don't miss anything.But in my opinion,they copy what others have done before them and check each site off on a list So how do you make your trip unique?I call it slow travel.It's not just about slowing down. Instead of running from place to place,you look around you,you take your environment in,you notice things that perhaps no one has ever noticed before.ou can start talking to people.Random people you meet and talk to are a key element you cannot plan for.They may tell you about places and events that will enrich your trip.They grve you locat insider tips.They may even accompany you or invite you to join them for an experience.They have enriched every trip I have taken.And the more you talk to people-even if you are shy-the more you develop the self-confidence to do more of it.And then you are really in the present,having an experience that is uniquely yours. 1.What did Marco Polo desire to share with others through travelling? 2.What does the author plan for his trip? 3.Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it and explain why You can make your trip unique by making a datailed plan,noticing new things in the place and meeting local people to experience local life. According to the passage, 4.Besides slow travel,in what other aspect(s)in our life do you think we should slow down?Whx? n about4⑩words) 第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词；在 给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A When we visit museums,we see cultural artifacts )-from everyday household items to precious carvings and statues.However,debate surrounds these artifacts and 1 countries should return these pieces of culture if they were stolen or forcefully taken during colonization )During the 18th and 19th centuries,European countries such as Britain, France,and the Netherlands colonized many African and Asian countries.During their rule,they seized artifacts and brought them to their own countries,2 they are now on show in museums.Over these years,European museums 3 (ask)to give back the artifacts. 8 Long-tailed macaques are one of only a few primate(灵长类)species__4_(know）to 一高一年级英语第三学段考试2025年1月第7页（共8页）一 use stone tools.The macaques use stones that they choose5(careful)to hammer the shells of shellfish,such as oysters,sea snails and crabs.They crack them open and scoop out ( the flesh6(eat).On two neighbouring islands7 the coast of Thailand,one group of macaques were seen reusing their tools,called hammer stones,whereas the monkeys on the other island threw their stones away after using them once. c The word"robot"was coined in 1920 by the Czech playwright Karel Capek.Capek imagined artificial,fully functional8(servant).For most of their history,however,robots have been inelegant mechanical devices sitting out of sight in factories.Things are starting to change,however. More recent advances in machine learning have added software to make robots better 9 (inform)about their surroundings and equipped them to make wiser decisions.Robots,in the coming years,will increasingly work in supermarkets,clinics,social care and much more.Many industries are facing a 10(short)of labour.Robots are now indispensable,picking items off shelves and helping people pack a rising numbers of boxes. 第三节翻译（共5小题，每小题2分；共10分） 根据已给出的题干和括号里的提示补全句子。注意每空一词（有些已给出首字母），语法 正确、语意通顺。 1.A1 (缺乏自信)can (导致)a lot of suffering 2.I admire him because he has (做出了重大的贡献)to p the h (保护文化遗产)。 3.It's high time that we should m (采取有效措施)to protect the e 心 (颜危物种)from disappearing. 4.One reason her p (偏爱)for city life is that she can have (易于找到)places like shops and restaurants. 5.The book m to b the d (旨在弥合鸿沟)between the theory and practice. 第四节写作（20分) 假设你是红星中学的学生李华。这个周末国家博物馆将举办一场非遗文化展。你校交换 生im对中国非物质文化遗产非常感兴趣，请你给Jim写一封电子邮件，邀请他一同前往。 邮件内容包括： 1.介绍活动： 2.发出邀请。 注意： 1.词数100左右，开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 提示词：国家博物馆National Museum of China 非物质文化遗产展览intangible cultural heritage exhibition Dear Jim, Yours, Li Hua -高一年级英语第三学段考试2025年1月第8页（共8页）一