语法第11讲：副词或形容词后缀-ly -2024-2025学年仁爱科普版英语七年级下册

仁爱新版七下 单元语法同步讲义（学生版） Unit 12 Better together 第11讲：副词或形容词后缀-ly （一）语法考点 1.定义： ①形容词:表示人或事物的性质、特征、状态或属性的词。(修饰 ) ②副词:表示时间、地点、方式、程度、状态等的词。(修饰 ) 2.由后缀-ly构成的形容词或副词的分类 ①由形容词＋后缀-ly构成的副词 ②由名词＋后缀-ly构成的副词 ③＋后缀-ly构成的新副词（意思不同） ④以后缀-ly结尾的形容词 【考点01】 由形容词＋后缀-ly构成的副词 1.由形容词＋后缀-ly构成的副词的构成规则 构成规则 示例 一般情况下，直接加-ly slow→ clear→ quick→ quiet→ careful→ real→ sudden→ polite→ safe→ wide→ active→ 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的 变y为 加- easy→ happy→ heavy→ lucky→ busy→ angry→ noisy → 以元音字母＋e结尾 去e加-ly true → due → 以元音字母加-le结尾 直接加-ly pale → sole→ 以辅音字母加-le结尾 terrible → possible→ probable→ whole → able → simple → suitable → gentle → comfortable → 以辅音字母加e结尾 直接加-ly polite → wide → absolute→ active → 以-ll结尾的词 只加-y full → ill → 2. 由形容词＋后缀-ly构成的副词的句法功能： ①作状语，修饰动词 Eg.： 他跑得很快去赶公共汽车。 ②作状语，修饰形容词 Eg.： 这部电影极其有趣。 ③作状语，修饰副词 例句： 她开车非常小心。 ④作状语，修饰整个句子 Eg.： 幸运的是，我们准时到达了。 ⑤作表语（较少见） Eg.： 灯亮得很。 【考点02】 由名词＋后缀-ly构成的副词 类别 示例 时间类 ①hour—— 每小时地 护士每小时查看一次病人。 ②day—— 每日地 我每天去散步。 ③week—— 每周地 我们每周开一次会。 ④month—— 每月地 我们家里每月开一次家庭会议。 ⑤year—— 每年地 我们每年举行一场运动会。 【考点03】＋后缀-ly构成的新副词（意思不同） 1.hard ——hardly 2.late ——lately 3.high ——highly 4.close ——closely 5.most ——mostly 6.deep ——deeply 7.wide ——widely 8.like ——likely 9.near —— nearly 【考点04】以后缀-ly结尾的形容词 1. 1.quarterly 按季度,一季一次地 一份季度报告 2.unfriendly 不友好的,有敌意 一个不友好的人 3.elderly 年老的 一位上了年纪的人 4.friendly 友好的 一位友好的女士 5.unlikely 不可能的 他不太可能来。 6.lively 活泼的,愉快的;热烈的 一个活泼的女孩 7.lonely 孤独的 一个孤独的人 8.ugly 丑的,难看的 一幅难看的画 9.costly昂贵的;代价高的 一个代价高昂的错误 10.lovely 可爱的 一只可爱的猫 （二）同步练习 一、写出下列词的副词形式。 1.proud→ 2.rude→ 3.proper→ 4.busy→ 5.single→ 6.successful→ 7.careful→ 8.possible→ 9.noisy→ 10.wise→ 11.slow→ 12.clear→ 13.quick→ 14.quiet→ 15. real→ 16.sudden→ 17.happy→ 18.heavy→ 19.busy→ 20.angry→ 二、单项选择题。 （ ）1.He is a___boy. He is writing his homework。 A. careful; carefuly B. carefully; careful C.carefuly; careful D. careful; carefully （ ）2.Keep______.I can’t hear the teacher ______. A. quietly;clear B.quietly;clearly B. quiet;clear D.quiet,clearly （ ）3.She is a ______ singer and she sings ______. A. beautiful; beautifully B. beautifully; beautiful C. beautiful; beautiful D. beautifully; beautifully （ ）4.My mother is a ______ woman and she always cooks ______. A. good; well B. well; good C. good; good D. well; well （ ）5.She is a ______ dancer and she dances ______. A. excellent; excellent B. excellent; excellently C. excellently; excellent D. excellently; excellently （ ）6.She is a ______ teacher and she teaches ______. A. kind; kind B. kind; kindly C. kindly; kind D. kindly; kindly （ ）7.He is a ______ runner and he runs ______. A. fast; fast B. fast; fastly C. fastly; fast D. fastly; fastly （ ）8.She is a ______ writer and she writes ______. A. creative; creative B. creative; creatively C. creatively; creative D. creatively; creatively （ ）9.My mother is a ______ woman and she always does things ______. A. careful; careful B. carefully; carefully C. careful; carefully D. carefully; careful （ ）10.The old man looked at the photo ______ because it reminded him of his past. A. sad B. sadly C. happy D. happily （ ）11.The singer gave a ______ performance last night and the audience cheered ______. A. wonderful; warm B. wonderfully; warmly C. wonderful; warmly D. wonderfully; warm （ ）12.We should listen to the teacher ______ in class. A. careful B. carefully C. careless D. carelessly （ ）13.The ______ girl always wears a smile on her face. A. friendly B. friend C. friendship D. unfriendly （ ）14.The ______ news spread quickly in the village. A. excited B. exciting C. excitedly D. excite （ ）15.The train is running ______ and we will arrive on time. A. smooth B. smoothly C. slow D. slowly （ ）16.The ______ boy helped the old lady cross the street. A. kind B. kindly C. kindness D. unkind （ ）17.The wind is blowing ______ outside. A. strong B. strongly C. gentle D. gently （ ）18.The ______ rain stopped us from going out. A. heavy B. heavily C. light D. lightly （ ）19.She sings ______ and has won many awards. A. beautiful B. beautifully C. bad D. badly （ ）20.The ______ teacher is popular with the students. A. patience B. patient C. patiently D. impatient （ ）21.The car moved ______ in the traffic jam. A. slow B. slowly C. quick D. quickly （ ）22.The ______ movie attracted a lot of people. A. interest B. interested C. interesting D. interestingly （ ）23.The baby is sleeping ______. Don't make any noise. A. quiet B. quietly C. noisy D. noisily （ ）24.The ______ student answered all the questions correctly. A. clever B. cleverly C. foolish D. foolishly （ ）25.The boy ran ______ to win the race. A. fast B. fastly C. slow D. slowly （ ）26.The bird flew ______ in the sky. A. high B. highly C. low D. lowly （ ）27.The ______ woman is my neighbor. A. lonely B. alone C. lone （ ）28.The chef cooked the meal ______ and it tasted delicious. A. good B. well C. bad D. badly （ ）29.The rain is falling ______ now. A. heavy B. heavily C. strong D. strongly （ ）30.The ______ story made the children laugh. A. funny B. funnily C. serious D. seriously （ ）31.The actor performed ______ in the play. A. excellent B. excellently C. poor D. poorly （ ）32.The ______ boy is always ready to help others. A. helpful B. helpfully C. helpless D. unhelpful （ ）33.The plane landed ______ at the airport. A. safe B. safely C. dangerous D. dangerously （ ）34.The ______ wind blew the leaves off the trees. A. strong B. strongly C. gentle D. gently （ ）35.The teacher explained the problem ______ to the students. A. clear B. clearly C. unclearly D. unclear （ ）36.The ______ movie was a great success. A. wonderful B. wonderfully C. terrible D. terribly （ ）37.The child painted the picture ______. A. careful B. carefully C. careless D. carelessly （ ）38.The ______ man is walking with a cane. A. elderly B. elder C. older D. oldest （ ）39.The singer's voice sounds ______. A. beautiful B. beautifully C. good D. well （ ）40.The sun sets ______ in the west. A. slow B. slowly C. quick D. quickly （ ）41.The ______ news came as a shock to everyone. A. sudden B. suddenly C. expected D. unexpectedly （ ）42.The ______ student is absent today. A. sick B. sickly C. health D. healthy （ ）43.The ______ flower has a sweet smell. A. nice B. nicely C. bad D. badly 三、句型转换 1.She is a quick runner. (改为同义句) She runs . 2.He is a careful driver. (改为感叹句，用 how 引导) How he drives! 3.The rain is heavy. (改为同义句) It is raining . 4.They are noisy students. (改为同义句) The students are making noise . 5.The wind is strong. (改为同义句) The wind is blowing . 6.The boy is careful with his homework. (改为同义句) The boy does his homework . 四、按要求完成句子。 1.The girl is doing her homework .（安静地） 2.The teacher spoke (清楚地) so that every student could understand. 3.We should listen to our parents (耐心地). 4.My mother always gets up (早地) to make breakfast for us. 5.The singer sang the song (美妙地) and won the first prize. 6.The sun shines (明亮地) in the sky. 7.You should do your work (认真地). 8.The children played games (快乐地) in the park. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 仁爱新版七下 单元语法同步讲义（教师版） Unit 12 Better together 第11讲：副词或形容词后缀-ly （一）语法考点 1.定义： ①形容词:表示人或事物的性质、特征、状态或属性的词。(修饰名词) ②副词:表示时间、地点、方式、程度、状态等的词。(修饰动词、形容词、另一个副词或整个句子) 2.由后缀-ly构成的形容词或副词的分类 ①由形容词＋后缀-ly构成的副词 ②由名词＋后缀-ly构成的副词 ③＋后缀-ly构成的新副词（意思不同） ④以后缀-ly结尾的形容词 【考点01】 由形容词＋后缀-ly构成的副词 1.由形容词＋后缀-ly构成的副词的构成规则 构成规则 示例 一般情况下，直接加-ly slow→ slowly clear→ clearly quick→quickly quiet→ quietly careful→ carefully real→ really sudden→ suddenly polite→ politely safe→ safely wide→ widely active→actively 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的 变y为i加-ly easy→ easily happy→ happily heavy→heavily lucky→ luckily busy→ busily angry→angrily noisy →noisily 以元音字母＋e结尾 去e加-ly true → truly due → duly 以元音字母加-le结尾 直接加-ly pale → palely sole→ solely 以辅音字母加-le结尾 去e加-y terrible → terribly possible→ possibly probable→ probably whole → wholly able → ably simple → simply suitable → suitably gentle → gently comfortable →comfortably 以辅音字母加e结尾 直接加-ly polite → politely wide → widely absolute→ absolutely active → actively 以-ll结尾的词 只加-y full → fully ill → illy 2. 由形容词＋后缀-ly构成的副词的句法功能： ①作状语，修饰动词 Eg.：He ran quickly to catch the bus. 他跑得很快去赶公共汽车。 解析：在这个句子中，“quickly” 是由形容词 “quick” 加后缀 “-ly” 构成的副词，它在句中作状语，用来修饰动词 “ran”，说明动作 “跑” 的方式是 “快”。 ②作状语，修饰形容词 Eg.：The movie is extremely interesting. 这部电影极其有趣。 解析：“extremely” 是由形容词 “extreme” 加 “-ly” 构成的副词，在句子中作状语，修饰形容词 “interesting”，用来加强形容词的程度，表示 “非常、极其” 的意思。 ③作状语，修饰副词 例句：She drives very carefully. 她开车非常小心。 解析：“carefully” 是由形容词 “careful” 加 “-ly” 构成的副词，“very” 也是副词，“carefully” 在句中作状语，修饰动词 “drives”，说明开车的方式；同时 “very” 又修饰 “carefully”，加强 “小心” 的程度。 ④作状语，修饰整个句子 Eg.：Luckily, we arrived on time. 幸运的是，我们准时到达了。 解析：“Luckily” 是由形容词 “lucky” 加 “-ly” 构成的副词，在句首作状语，修饰整个句子，表示说话者对整个事件的评价是 “幸运的”。 ⑤作表语（较少见） Eg.：The light is on brightly. 灯亮得很。 解析：“brightly” 是由形容词 “bright” 加 “-ly” 构成的副词，在这个句子中作表语，用于描述主语 “the light” 的状态，“on” 在这里是形容词，表示 “开着的”，“brightly” 进一步说明灯开着的状态是 “明亮地”。不过这种用法相对比较少见，更常见的表语是形容词。 【考点02】 由名词＋后缀-ly构成的副词 类别 示例 时间类 ①hour——hourly 每小时地 The nurse checks on the patient hourly. 护士每小时查看一次病人。 ②day——daily 每日地 I go for a walk daily. 我每天去散步。 ③week——weekly每周地 We have a meeting weekly. 我们每周开一次会。 ④month——monthly每月地 We have a monthly family meeting at home. 我们家里每月开一次家庭会议。 ⑤year——yearly每年地 We have a sports meeting yearly. 我们每年举行一场运动会。 【考点03】＋后缀-ly构成的新副词（意思不同） 1.hard 努力地——hardly 几乎不 2.late 迟；晚——lately 最近 3.high 在高处——highly 非常 4.close 靠近——closely 密切地 5.most 最多——mostly 主要地 6.deep 在深处——deeply 非常；深深地 7.wide 充分地——widely 广泛地 8.like 像...一样——likely 也许、大概 9.near近，附近 —— nearly几乎 【考点04】以后缀-ly结尾的形容词 1. 1.quarterly 按季度,一季一次地 a quarterly report 一份季度报告 2.unfriendly 不友好的,有敌意 an unfriendly person 一个不友好的人 3.elderly 年老的 an elderly person 一位上了年纪的人 4.friendly 友好的 a friendly lady 一位友好的女士 5.unlikely 不可能的 He's unlikely to come. 他不太可能来。 6.lively 活泼的,愉快的;热烈的 a lively girl 一个活泼的女孩 7.lonely 孤独的 a lonely person 一个孤独的人 8.ugly 丑的,难看的 an ugly painting 一幅难看的画 9.costly昂贵的;代价高的 a costly mistake 一个代价高昂的错误 10.lovely 可爱的 a lovely cat 一只可爱的猫 （二）同步练习 一、写出下列词的副词形式。 1.proud→proudly 2.rude→rudely 3.proper→properly 4.busy→busily 5.single→singly 6.successful→successfully 7.careful→carefully 8.possible→possibly 9.noisy→noisily 10.wise→wisely 11.slow→slowly 12.clear→clearly 13.quick→quickly 14.quiet→quietly 15. real→really 16.sudden→suddenly 17.happy→happily 18.heavy→heavily 19.busy→busily 20.angry→angrily 二、单项选择题。 （ D ）1.He is a___boy. He is writing his homework。 A. careful; carefuly B. carefully; careful C.carefuly; careful D. careful; carefully 解析： 考查形容词和副词的辨析。句意“他是一个细心的男孩，他正在认真写作业。”由boy可知，第一处应为形容词;由writing可知，第二处应为副词; careful副词应直接加后缀-ly。故选D。 （ D ）2.Keep______.I can’t hear the teacher ______. A. quietly;clear B.quietly;clearly B. quiet;clear D.quiet,clearly 解析：第一个空：“keep” 是系动词，意思是 “保持”，后面接形容词作表语。“quiet（安静的）” 是形容词，“quietly” 是副词。所以第一个空应该填 “quiet”。第二个空：“hear” 是动词，要用副词来修饰。“clear（清楚的）” 是形容词，“clearly（清楚地）” 是副词，所以第二个空应填 “clearly”。故选D。 （ A ）3.She is a ______ singer and she sings ______. A. beautiful; beautifully B. beautifully; beautiful C. beautiful; beautiful D. beautifully; beautifully 解析：第一空需要一个形容词来修饰名词 singer，“beautiful（美丽的）” 是形容词；第二空需要一个副词来修饰动词 sings，“beautifully（动听地）” 是副词，故选 A。 （ A ）4.My mother is a ______ woman and she always cooks ______. A. good; well B. well; good C. good; good D. well; well 解析：第一空需要一个形容词修饰名词 woman，“good（好的）” 是形容词；第二空需要一个副词修饰动词 cooks，“well（好地）” 在这里是副词，所以选 A。 （ B ）5.She is a ______ dancer and she dances ______. A. excellent; excellent B. excellent; excellently C. excellently; excellent D. excellently; excellently 解析：第一空需要一个形容词修饰名词 dancer，“excellent（优秀的）” 是形容词；第二空需要一个副词修饰动词 dances，“excellently（优秀地）” 是副词，所以选 B。 （ B ）6.She is a ______ teacher and she teaches ______. A. kind; kind B. kind; kindly C. kindly; kind D. kindly; kindly 解析：第一空需要一个形容词修饰名词 teacher，“kind（和蔼的）” 是形容词；第二空需要一个副词修饰动词 teaches，“kindly（和蔼地）” 是副词，所以选 B。 （ A ）7.He is a ______ runner and he runs ______. A. fast; fast B. fast; fastly C. fastly; fast D. fastly; fastly 解析：第一空需要一个形容词修饰名词 runner，“fast（快的）” 是形容词；第二空需要一个副词修饰动词 runs，“fast（快速地）” 本身也可作副词，没有 “fastly” 这个词，所以选 A。 （ B ）8.She is a ______ writer and she writes ______. A. creative; creative B. creative; creatively C. creatively; creative D. creatively; creatively 解析：第一空需要一个形容词修饰名词 writer，“creative（有创造力的）” 是形容词；第二空需要一个副词修饰动词 writes，“creatively（有创造力地）” 是副词，所以选 B。 （ C ）9.My mother is a ______ woman and she always does things ______. A. careful; careful B. carefully; carefully C. careful; carefully D. carefully; careful 解析：第一空修饰名词 woman 用形容词 careful；第二空修饰动词 does 用副词 carefully 。 （ B ）10.The old man looked at the photo ______ because it reminded him of his past. A. sad B. sadly C. happy D. happily 解析：此处需用副词修饰动词短语 looked at，根据语境，“让他想起过去”，用 sadly（悲伤地）符合语境。 （ C ）11.The singer gave a ______ performance last night and the audience cheered ______. A. wonderful; warm B. wonderfully; warmly C. wonderful; warmly D. wonderfully; warm 解析：第一空修饰名词 performance 用形容词 wonderful；第二空修饰动词 cheered 用副词 warmly。 （ B ）12.We should listen to the teacher ______ in class. A. careful B. carefully C. careless D. carelessly 解析：修饰动词短语 listen to 用副词，且根据语境应该是认真听，所以用 carefully。 （ A ）13.The ______ girl always wears a smile on her face. A. friendly B. friend C. friendship D. unfriendly 解析：此处需要形容词修饰名词 girl，“friendly（友好的）” 符合语境，“unfriendly” 意思相反。 （ B ）14.The ______ news spread quickly in the village. A. excited B. exciting C. excitedly D. excite 解析：修饰名词 news 要用形容词，“exciting（令人兴奋的）” 修饰物，“excited” 修饰人。 （ B ）15.The train is running ______ and we will arrive on time. A. smooth B. smoothly C. slow D. slowly 解析：修饰动词 running 要用副词，根据 “能按时到达” 可知火车运行顺利，用 smoothly。 （ A ）16.The ______ boy helped the old lady cross the street. A. kind B. kindly C. kindness D. unkind 解析：修饰名词 boy 要用形容词，kind 表示 “善良的”，“unkind” 意思相反，“kindly” 是副词，“kindness” 是名词。 （ B ）17.The wind is blowing ______ outside. A. strong B. strongly C. gentle D. gently 解析：修饰动词 blowing 要用副词，风刮得大用 strongly，风刮得小用 gently ，此处未明确风的大小，从选项看选 B 更合适。 （ A ）18.The ______ rain stopped us from going out. A. heavy B. heavily C. light D. lightly 解析：修饰名词 rain 要用形容词，“heavy rain（大雨）” 符合语境，heavily 是副词。 （ B ）19.She sings ______ and has won many awards. A. beautiful B. beautifully C. bad D. badly 解析：修饰动词 sings 要用副词，且根据 “获很多奖” 可知唱得好，用 beautifully。 （ B ）20.The ______ teacher is popular with the students. A. patience B. patient C. patiently D. impatient 解析：修饰名词 teacher 要用形容词，“patient（有耐心的）” 符合语境，“impatient” 是 “不耐烦的”，“patience” 是名词，“patiently” 是副词。 （ B ）21.The car moved ______ in the traffic jam. A. slow B. slowly C. quick D. quickly 解析：修饰动词 moved 要用副词，交通堵塞车应该是缓慢移动，用 slowly。 （ C ）22.The ______ movie attracted a lot of people. A. interest B. interested C. interesting D. interestingly 解析：修饰名词 movie 要用形容词，“interesting（有趣的）” 修饰物，“interested” 修饰人，“interest” 是名词，“interestingly” 是副词。 （ B ）23.The baby is sleeping ______. Don't make any noise. A. quiet B. quietly C. noisy D. noisily 解析：修饰动词 sleeping 要用副词，且根据 “别出声” 可知婴儿在安静地睡，用 quietly。 （ A ）24.The ______ student answered all the questions correctly. A. clever B. cleverly C. foolish D. foolishly 解析：修饰名词 student 要用形容词，“clever（聪明的）” 符合语境，“foolish” 意思相反，“cleverly” 是副词。 （ A ）25.The boy ran ______ to win the race. A. fast B. fastly C. slow D. slowly 解析：修饰动词 ran 要用副词，“fast” 本身可作副词表示快，不存在 “fastly” 这个词，根据 “赢得比赛” 可知跑得快。 （ A ）26.The bird flew ______ in the sky. A. high B. highly C. low D. lowly 解析：修饰动词 flew 要用副词，“high” 作副词表示具体的高度，“highly” 表示抽象意义的高度，此处指鸟在天空飞得高，用 high。 （ A ）27.The ______ woman is my neighbor. A. lonely B. alone C. lone 解析：修饰名词 woman 要用形容词，“lonely（孤独的）” 符合语境，“alone” 是副词或形容词，但表示 “独自的”，“lone” 较少单独修饰人。 （ B ）28.The chef cooked the meal ______ and it tasted delicious. A. good B. well C. bad D. badly 解析：修饰动词 cooked 要用副词，“tasted delicious” 说明做得好，用 well。 （ B ）29.The rain is falling ______ now. A. heavy B. heavily C. strong D. strongly 解析：修饰动词 falling 要用副词，形容雨下得大用 heavily，形容风大用 strongly。 （ A ）30.The ______ story made the children laugh. A. funny B. funnily C. serious D. seriously 解析：修饰名词 story 要用形容词，“funny（有趣的）” 符合语境，“funnily” 是副词，“serious” 意思相反。 （ B ）31.The actor performed ______ in the play. A. excellent B. excellently C. poor D. poorly 解析：修饰动词 performed 要用副词，此处未表明表演好坏，从选项看选 B，“excellently” 表示出色地。 （ A ）32.The ______ boy is always ready to help others. A. helpful B. helpfully C. helpless D. unhelpful 解析：修饰名词 boy 要用形容词，“helpful（乐于助人的）” 符合语境，“unhelpful” 意思相反，“helpfully” 是副词。 （ B ）33.The plane landed ______ at the airport. A. safe B. safely C. dangerous D. dangerously 解析：修饰动词 landed 要用副词，飞机安全着陆用 safely，“dangerous” 是形容词，“dangerously” 意思相反。 （ A ）34.The ______ wind blew the leaves off the trees. A. strong B. strongly C. gentle D. gently 解析：修饰名词 wind 要用形容词，此处描述风把树叶吹落，用 strong 更合适，“strongly” 是副词，“gentle” 意思相反。 （ B ）35.The teacher explained the problem ______ to the students. A. clear B. clearly C. unclearly D. unclear 解析：修饰动词 explained 要用副词，老师给学生解释问题应该清楚地，用 clearly，“unclearly” 意思相反，“unclear” 是形容词。 （ A ）36.The ______ movie was a great success. A. wonderful B. wonderfully C. terrible D. terribly 解析：修饰名词 movie 要用形容词，“wonderful（精彩的）” 符合语境，“wonderfully” 是副词，“terrible” 意思相反。 （ B ）37.The child painted the picture ______. A. careful B. carefully C. careless D. carelessly 解析：修饰动词 painted 要用副词，此处未表明画得好坏，从选项看选 B，“carefully” 表示认真地。 （ A ）38.The ______ man is walking with a cane. A. elderly B. elder C. older D. oldest 解析：修饰名词 man 要用形容词，“elderly（上了年纪的）” 符合语境，“elder” 通常作名词或用于比较级，“older” 和 “oldest” 用于比较。 （ A ）39.The singer's voice sounds ______. A. beautiful B. beautifully C. good D. well 解析：sound 是系动词，后接形容词，“beautiful” 和 “good” 都可，此处选 A 更合适，“beautifully” 和 “well” 是副词。 （ B ）40.The sun sets ______ in the west. A. slow B. slowly C. quick D. quickly 解析：修饰动词 sets 要用副词，太阳落山通常是缓慢的，用 slowly。 （ A ）41.The ______ news came as a shock to everyone. A. sudden B. suddenly C. expected D. unexpectedly 解析：修饰名词 news 要用形容词，“sudden（突然的）” 符合语境，“suddenly” 是副词，“expected” 和 “unexpectedly” 意思与语境不符。 （ A ）42.The ______ student is absent today. A. sick B. sickly C. health D. healthy 解析：修饰名词 student 要用形容词，“sick（生病的）” 符合语境，“sickly” 作副词，“health” 是名词，“healthy” 意思相反。 （ A ）43.The ______ flower has a sweet smell. A. nice B. nicely C. bad D. badly 解析：修饰名词 flower 要用形容词，“nice（好看的）” 符合语境，“nicely” 是副词，“bad” 意思相反。 三、句型转换 1.She is a quick runner. (改为同义句) She runs quickly. 解析：原句中 “quick” 是形容词修饰 “runner”，改为同义句用副词 “quickly” 修饰动词 “runs”。 2.He is a careful driver. (改为感叹句，用 how 引导) How carefully he drives! 解析：how 引导的感叹句结构为 “How + 副词 + 主语 + 谓语”，这里用副词 “carefully” 修饰动词 “drives”。 3.The rain is heavy. (改为同义句) It is raining heavily. 解析：原句用形容词 “heavy” 描述 “rain”，同义句用副词 “heavily” 修饰动词 “raining”。 4.They are noisy students. (改为同义句) The students are making noise noisily. 解析：原句用形容词 “noisy” 修饰 “students”，同义句用副词 “noisily” 修饰 “making noise” 这一动作。 5.The wind is strong. (改为同义句) The wind is blowing strongly. 解析：用副词 “strongly” 修饰动词 “blowing”，替换原句中用形容词 “strong” 描述 “wind” 的表达。 6.The boy is careful with his homework. (改为同义句) The boy does his homework carefully. 解析：原句用 “be careful with” 结构，同义句用副词 “carefully” 修饰动词 “does”。 四、按要求完成句子。 1.The girl is doing her homework quietly.（安静地） 解析：原句描述女孩的状态是安静的，改写后用 “quietly” 修饰 “doing her homework” 这一动作，表示安静地做作业。 2.The teacher spoke clearly(清楚地) so that every student could understand. 解析：这里需要副词修饰动词 “spoke”，“clearly” 表示 “清楚地”。 3.We should listen to our parents patiently(耐心地). 解析：用副词 “patiently” 修饰动词短语 “listen to”，表示耐心地听。 4.My mother always gets up early(早地) to make breakfast for us. 解析：“early” 既可以作形容词也可以作副词，这里作副词修饰动词短语 “gets up”。 5.The singer sang the song wonderfully(美妙地) and won the first prize. 解析：副词 “wonderfully” 修饰动词 “sang”，表示唱歌唱得美妙。 6.The sun shines brightly(明亮地) in the sky. 解析：用副词 “brightly” 修饰动词 “shines”，描绘太阳照耀的状态。 7.You should do your work seriously(认真地). 解析：副词 “seriously” 修饰动词短语 “do your work”，表示认真工作。 8.The children played games happily(快乐地) in the park. 解析：“happily” 修饰动词 “played”，体现孩子们玩游戏时的快乐状态。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$