Unit 5 Off to space 单词短语句型语法（教材考点精练）英语沪教版2024七年级上册

Unit 5 Off to space 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 一、根据首字母填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1. She likes to c coins (硬币) from different countries. 2. It is quite exciting to have an a in a forest. 3. My mother always wakes me up in the morning before she l home. 4. Our school provides many sports f for students, like swimming pool and football field. 5. Learning history allows us to learn more about the a times. 6. My n always help my mother when I am at work. 7. In the i of this book, the author tells us his early life. 8. A hundred year is a c . 9. You should work hard to make your d come true. 10. There is a beautiful i with green trees and sandy beaches in the middle of the ocean. 二、根据汉语提示填空。（共9小题，每小题1分，共9分） 1. Stars and planets are all in the big （宇宙）. 2. The astronaut wears a white （宇航服）when going to space. 3. We have （已经）finished our homework before dinner. 4. The little bird flies （低于通常的）over the green grass. 5. Please （沿某方向前进）me the pencil on the desk, Lily. 6. I can （表达）my love for my mom with a drawing. 7. My schoolbag weighs about three （千克）. 8. The moon likes to （环形）the Earth every month. 9. My sister wrote a short （诗）for her best friend’s birthday. 三、用单词的适当形式填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1. Mr Smith (give) a talk next Monday. 2. He is one of the (member) of our school football team. 3. It takes about twenty minutes (walk) to the subway station. 4. My home is three (kilometre) away from the city centre. 5. He can’t wait (go) home to watch the football match. 6. We are going to (have) a farewell party. 7. They did a lot of (experiment) before they found out the truth. 8. First, he (weigh) the elephant. Then he asked some stone of the same weight. 9. He (tie) his horse to a tree and started to work. 10. Without gravity, you will get (weak) than when you are on Earth. 四、单项选择（共18小题，每小题1分，满分18分） 1. —What do you want to do this Saturday, Judy? —I want to ________ some old books in my neighbourhood (社区) and then give them to other students in need. A. collect B. raise C. write D. share 2. He made his dream come true by _________ hard. A. works B. worked C. to work D. working 3. Xizang receive _________foreign visitors from January to April each year. A. thousand of B. thousands of C. two thousand of D. thousand 4. The children from Australia are _________ to see so much white snow in Harbin. A. unhappy B. excited C. exciting D. happily 5. In ancient China, people ________ knew something about the stars. A. already B. seldom C. hardly D. never 6. She is as ________ as her brother. A. carefully B. more careful C. careful D. care 7. An elephant eats ________ food every year. A. a large amount of B. a large amount C. many D. a lot 8. We help our mother with housework ________ she can have a rest during the holiday. A. so that B. after C. until D. that 9. If I go to the English corner more often, I will have more ________ to speak English. A. changes B. chances C. events D. ways 10. You will ________ more friends. A. make B. makes C. made D. making 11. I’ll run slowly ________ you can catch up with me. A. in case B. so that C. so D. that 12. —Do you know the ________ of the stone? —Yes. It ________ about 200 kilos. A. weight; weighs B. weight; weigh C. weigh; weighs D. weigh, weigh 13. It’s difficult for us to ________, because the higher we climbed, the thinner the air was. Every few steps, we had to stop for ________. A. breath; breathe B. breathe; breathe C. breathe; breath D. breath, breath 14. If you ________ something, you hold two or more things together with a rope. A. tie B. weigh C. carry D. collect 15. I hope to travel to ________ space one day. A. / B. a C. an D. the 16. The TV __________ on Channel Six is about films. A. centre B. project C. programme D. computer 17. Most poets describe autumn to ________ a feeling of sadness, but in fact autumn is full of life and hope. A. express B. explain C. expect D. excuse 18. —On Christmas Day, I always receive a card from John. —Really? But he never ________ cards to me. A. wins B. collects C. sends D. shares 五、完成句子（共9小题，每小题2分，满分18分） 1. 这种疾病今年已夺去了数千人的生命。 The disease has killed people this year. 2. 他说，他特别喜欢从太空站上拍摄地球的照片。 He said that he especially enjoyed taking pictures of Earth from the . 3. 学会放松你自己，以便你能更好地面对挑战。 Learn to relax yourself you can face the challenge better. 4. 我会通过邮寄的方式把这本书寄给你。 I will this book you by post. 5. 卫星发射后成功进入轨道。 The satellite successfully after being launched. 6. 他们是首批登上月球的人。 They were the first men to the Moon. 7. 尽管我喜欢度假，但我却讨厌照相。 Although I love holidays, I hate to . 8. 每天锻炼锻炼，你很快会恢复健康的。 every day and you’ll be back in condition. 9. 为了准备我的考试，我每天至少看两个小时的书。 I read books for at least two hours every day to my test. 六、语法选择（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） One day you may go to the moon. A tall rocket will take you into space. 1 rocket will fly a long way to a space station. You are going 2 there for a short time. Then a big spaceship 3 you to the moon. On 4 day, the ship will slowly go down and get to the moon. 5 you get there, but you cannot leave your spaceship. You must put 6 a spacesuit for the moon. It is very hot 7 the day and very cold at night. 8 you don’t wear a spacesuit, you can’t live there. After that, You jump out of the spaceship and begin to walk. Because of the low gravity, things on the Moon are 9 than those on the earth. You can jump high in the air 10 . The moon moves slowly, and one day on the moon is 11 long as a month on the Earth. It never 12 on the moon, and everything on the moon is dry. There are no trees or 13 living things on the Moon. Now it is not suitable (适宜) for 14 to live on. But scientists are working hard 15 more about it. 1. A. A B. An C. The D. / 2. A. stopping B. to stop C. stops D. stop 3. A. take B. took C. taking D. will take 4. A. three B. the three C. third D. the third 5. A. When B. Where C. Why D. What 6. A. out B. into C. on D. up 7. A. at B. during C. of D. with 8. A. Because B. But C. So D. If 9. A. much light B. much lighter C. more lighter D. the lightest 10. A. easily B. easier C. easiest D. easy 11. A. very B. such C. as D. too 12. A. rains B. raining C. rainy D. rain 13. A. another B. the other C. others D. other 14. A. we B. us C. our D. ours 15. A. know B. knowing C. knows D. to know 七、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。 Spacesuits don’t just make astronauts look cool. Without these 1 suits, astronauts will not be able to leave their spaceship. That is to say, they will not be able to 2 on the Moon or work outside the International Space Station. Space is a 3 place for human beings. Firstly, there is no air to 4 . Secondly, space also has high levels of radiation (辐射), energy that can pass through our bodies and make us 5 . Thirdly, some parts of space are really cold while other parts are very hot. So astronauts can 6 in just a few seconds if they walk outside their spaceship without their suits. Spacesuits keep astronauts 7 sealed (密封的) inside. A backpack sends O2 in to let astronauts breathe normally. At the same time, the CO2 that astronauts breathe out is sucked away. The suit also protects them from 8 radiation and fast-moving space dust. Under the spacesuit is another 9 that looks like a pair of tight pajamas with little pipes running through them. Water runs through these pipes to 10 astronauts because wearing spacesuits can make astronauts very hot! 1. A. private B. special C. ancient D. expensive 2. A. sleep B. walk C. live D. surf 3. A. funny B. strange C. beautiful D. dangerous 4. A. send B. weigh C. breathe D. smell 5. A. weak B. bored C. strong D. relaxed 6. A. die B. disappear C. float D. escape 7. A. safely B. quickly C. quietly D. terribly 8. A. low B. warm C. harmful D. healthy 9. A. backpack B. lander C. tie D. suit 10. A. wash away B. warm up C. cool off D. clean out 八、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构和上下文连贯要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中的词语的正确形式 The Shenzhou ­18 manned spaceship has been successfully launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre. It marks China’s 32nd manned flight into space. At 8:59 p.m. on 25 April 2024, it 1 (send) three astronauts and nearly 100 experimental boxes to the Tiangong space station. The astronauts are Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu, with Ye as the leader. It is Ye’s 2 (two) time to go to space within 3 years. He was one of the 3 (member) of the Shenzhou­ 13 mission from October 2021 4 April 2022. The three astronauts will do many tasks during 5 (they) stay. They will care for the space station to make sure it can work 6 (safe). More than 90 experiments 7 (carry) out in space. A very special one is to raise Zebrafish in space. 8 it succeeds, it will be a breakthrough (突破) in China’s space program. The Shenzhou­ 18 astronauts plan to return to 9 earth in late October this year. So they 10 (spend) about six months on the space station. 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 5 Off to space 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 一、根据首字母填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1. She likes to c coins (硬币) from different countries. 【答案】(c)ollect 【解析】句意：她喜欢收集来自不同国家的硬币。根据首字母和句中“from different countries”可知，此句是说她喜欢收集来自不同国家的硬币。collect“收集”，动词，like to do sth.“喜欢做某事”，故填(c)ollect。 2. It is quite exciting to have an a in a forest. 【答案】(a)dventure 【解析】句意：在森林里进行一次冒险是相当令人兴奋的。根据“in a forest”及首字母提示可知，是指在森林里冒险，adventure“冒险”，an后跟名词单数。故填(a)dventure。 3. My mother always wakes me up in the morning before she l home. 【答案】 (l)eaves 【解析】句意：我妈妈总是在早上离开家之前叫醒我。根据“My mother always wakes me up in the morning before she … home.”结合首字母提示可知，此处应指在她离开家之前，leave“离开”，动词，主语she为第三人称单数形式，时态为一般现在时，因此动词应用三单形式leaves。故填(l)eaves。 4. Our school provides many sports f for students, like swimming pool and football field. 【答案】(f)acilities 【解析】句意：我们学校为学生提供许多体育设施，如游泳池和足球场。结合首字母提示和“like swimming pool and football field”可知，此处表示“体育设施”，名词facility意为“设施”，many后接可数名词的复数形式，所以空处应填facility的复数形式facilities。故填(f)acilities。 5. Learning history allows us to learn more about the a times. 【答案】(a)ncient 【解析】句意：学习历史可以让我们更多地了解古代。结合首字母提示和题干可知，此处表示“古代”，ancient times意为“古代”，所以空处应填形容词ancient“古代的”。故填(a)ncient。 6. My n always help my mother when I am at work. 【答案】(n)eighbours 【解析】句意：当我在工作的时候，我的邻居总是帮助我妈妈。根据“My … always help my mother when I am at work.”结合首字母提示可知，此处应指在工作的时候邻居总是帮助妈妈，neighbour“邻居”，可数名词，根据“help”可知，此处主语应用名词复数形式neighbours。故填(n)eighbours。 7. In the i of this book, the author tells us his early life. 【答案】(i)ntroduction 【解析】句意：在这本书的序言中，作者讲述了他的早期生活。根据句意和首字母“i”可知，此处是一个名词，结合常识推测，此处应该是“introduction”，意为“引言或序言”，“the introduction of this book”意为“这本书的序言”。故填(i)ntroduction。 8. A hundred year is a c . 【答案】(c)entury 【解析】句意：一百年是一个世纪。根据“A hundred year is a….”可知，此处描述的是一百年的时间单位，结合首字母c和常识，我们知道一百年是一个世纪。故填(c)entury。 9. You should work hard to make your d come true. 【答案】 (d)ream 【解析】句意：你应该努力工作，使你的梦想成真。根据“make your … come true”结合首字母提示可知，此处应指使你梦想成真，dream“梦想”，名词作宾语。故填(d)ream。 10. There is a beautiful i with green trees and sandy beaches in the middle of the ocean. 【答案】 (i)sland 【解析】句意：在海洋中央有一个美丽的岛屿，岛上绿树成荫，还有沙滩。根据“with green trees and sandy beaches in the middle of the ocean.”可知，此处描述的是在海洋中央的一个被绿树和沙滩环绕的美丽的地方，结合首字母i，可填入island“岛屿”，a接名词单数。故填(i)sland。 二、根据汉语提示填空。（共9小题，每小题1分，共9分） 1. Stars and planets are all in the big （宇宙）. 【答案】universe 【解析】句意：恒星和行星都在浩瀚的宇宙中。“宇宙” 对应的英文单词是 “universe”，此处作介词 “in” 的宾语，用原形即可。故填 “universe”。 2. The astronaut wears a white （宇航服）when going to space. 【答案】spacesuit 【解析】句意：宇航员去太空时会穿白色的宇航服。“宇航服” 对应的英文单词是 “spacesuit” ，根据 “a” 可知用单数形式，作宾语。故填 “spacesuit”。 3. We have （已经）finished our homework before dinner. 【答案】already 【解析】句意：我们在晚饭前已经完成了作业。“已经” 对应的英文单词是 “already” ，在现在完成时句子中，用于助动词 “have” 之后，实义动词 “finished” 之前，作状语。故填 “already”。 4. The little bird flies （低于通常的）over the green grass. 【答案】low 【解析】句意：小鸟在绿草上方低飞。“低于通常的” 常用 “low” 来表示，此处作副词修饰动词 “flies” ，描述飞行的高度状态，用原形。故填 “low”。 5. Please （沿某方向前进）me the pencil on the desk, Lily. 【答案】pass 【解析】句意：莉莉，请把桌子上的铅笔递给我。“沿某方向前进（此处引申为传递 ）” 对应的英文单词是 “pass” ，此句为祈使句，用动词原形开头，作谓语。故填 “pass”。 6. I can （表达）my love for my mom with a drawing. 【答案】express 【解析】句意：我可以用一幅画来表达我对妈妈的爱。“表达” 对应的英文单词是 “express” ，情态动词 “can” 后接动词原形，作谓语。故填 “express”。 7. My schoolbag weighs about three （千克）. 【答案】kilograms 【解析】句意：我的书包重约三千克。“千克” 对应的英文单词是 “kilogram” ，根据 “three” 可知要用复数形式 “kilograms” ，作宾语。故填 “kilograms”。 8. The moon likes to （环形）the Earth every month. 【答案】circle 【解析】句意：月亮每个月都喜欢绕地球转。“环形（此处为绕…… 环形运转，作动词 ）” 对应的英文单词是 “circle” ，“like to do sth.” 中用动词原形，作谓语。故填 “circle”。 9. My sister wrote a short （诗）for her best friend’s birthday. 【答案】poem 【解析】句意：我妹妹为她最好的朋友的生日写了一首短诗。“诗” 对应的英文单词是 “poem” ，根据 “a” 可知用单数形式，作宾语。故填 “poem”。 三、用单词的适当形式填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1. Mr Smith (give) a talk next Monday. 【答案】will give 【解析】句意：史密斯先生下周一将作报告。根据“next Monday”可知，时态为一般将来时，其结构是“will do”。故填will give。 2. He is one of the (member) of our school football team. 【答案】members 【解析】句意：他是我们学校足球队的队员之一。根据空前的“one of”可知，此处应用所给词的复数形式。故填members。 3. It takes about twenty minutes (walk) to the subway station. 【答案】 to walk 【解析】句意：步行到地铁站大约需要二十分钟。根据“It takes about twenty minutes”可知，it takes sb. time to do sth意为“做某事花费某人多少时间”，it为形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语。故to walk。 4. My home is three (kilometre) away from the city centre. 【答案】kilometres 【解析】句意：我家离市中心有三公里远。kilometre“公里”，被three修饰，应用复数形式，故填kilometres。 5. He can’t wait (go) home to watch the football match. 【答案】to go 【解析】句意：他迫不及待地回家去看足球比赛。go“去”，是动词，can’t wait to do sth.“迫不及待去做某事”，故填to go。 6. We are going to (have) a farewell party. 【答案】have 【解析】句意：我们将举行一个告别晚会。be going to do sth“打算做某事”，此空应填动词原形，故填have。 7. They did a lot of (experiment) before they found out the truth. 【答案】experiments 【解析】句意：他们做了许多实验才发现真相。experiment“实验”，可数名词，a lot of修饰可数名词复数。故填experiments。 8. First, he (weigh) the elephant. Then he asked some stone of the same weight. 【答案】weighed 【解析】句意：首先，他称了大象的重量。然后他要了一些同样重量的石头。根据“Then he asked”可知，称重动作发生在过去，应使用动词的过去式形式。故填weighed。 9. He (tie) his horse to a tree and started to work. 【答案】tied 【解析】句意：他把马拴在树上，开始工作。根据“started to work”可知，描述的动作发生在过去，动词应用过去式。故填tied。 10. Without gravity, you will get (weak) than when you are on Earth. 【答案】weaker 【解析】句意：没有重力，你会比在地球上的时候更虚弱。根据横线后“than”，结合所给词可知，weak“虚弱的”，形容词，此处应该填入形容词比较级weaker，意为 “更虚弱的” 符合语境。故填weaker。 四、单项选择（共18小题，每小题1分，满分18分） 1. —What do you want to do this Saturday, Judy? —I want to ________ some old books in my neighbourhood (社区) and then give them to other students in need. A. collect B. raise C. write D. share 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——这个周六你想要做什么，Judy？—— 我想要在我家附近的社区收集一些旧书，然后给那些需要的其他学生。 考查动词辨析。collect收集；raise提高；write写；share分享。根据“some old books in my neighbourhood”可知，收集旧书，给那些有需要的学生。故选A。 2. He made his dream come true by _________ hard. A. works B. worked C. to work D. working 【答案】D 【解析】句意：他通过努力工作实现了自己的梦想。 考查非谓语动词。by doing sth“通过做某事”，固定短语，所以空处用动名词作宾语，故选D。 3. Xizang receive _________foreign visitors from January to April each year. A. thousand of B. thousands of C. two thousand of D. thousand 【答案】B 【解析】句意：西藏每年从一月到四月接待成千上万的外国游客。 考查大数表达。thousand“千”，前面有具体数字时，不加s，不加of；当后面加s时，需要和of连用。结合选项，故选B。 4. The children from Australia are _________ to see so much white snow in Harbin. A. unhappy B. excited C. exciting D. happily 【答案】B 【解析】句意：来自澳大利亚的孩子们看到哈尔滨的白雪感到非常兴奋。 考查形容词辨析。unhappy不高兴的，形容词；excited兴奋的，形容词；exciting令人兴奋的，形容词；happily高兴地，副词。be动词后需加形容词作表语，排除D；结合常识可知应是感到高兴、兴奋，排除A；指人感到兴奋的，用-ed结尾的形容词。故选B。 5. In ancient China, people ________ knew something about the stars. A. already B. seldom C. hardly D. never 【答案】A 【解析】句意：在中国古代，人们已经对星星有所了解。 考查副词辨析。already已经；seldom很少；hardly几乎不；never从不。根据“knew something about the stars.”可知，something用于肯定句，BCD都是表示否定意义的词，already“已经”用于肯定句，表示人们已经对星星有所了解。故选A。 6. She is as ________ as her brother. A. carefully B. more careful C. careful D. care 【答案】C 【解析】句意：她和她的哥哥一样认真。 考查形容词比较级。carefully认真地，副词原级；more careful更认真的，形容词比较级；careful认真的，形容词原级；care在意，动词。根据题意可知，as…as和……一样，中间用形容词或副词原级，“is”后接形容词，所以，此处应用形容词，且为原级。故选C。 7. An elephant eats ________ food every year. A. a large amount of B. a large amount C. many D. a lot 【答案】A 【解析】句意：一头大象每年吃大量的食物。 考查量词的辨析。a large amount of修饰不可数名词；a large amount后面不接名词；many修饰可数名词复数；a lot修饰动词。根据空后“food”是不可数名词，故选A。 8. We help our mother with housework ________ she can have a rest during the holiday. A. so that B. after C. until D. that 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们帮助妈妈做家务，这样她就可以在假期休息了。 考查连词辨析。so that以便，因此；after在……以后；until直到……为止；that作连词时，无实际意义。分析“We help our mother with housework”和“she can have a rest during the holiday”可知，我们帮助妈妈做家务的目的是为了让妈妈在假期休息，此处应用so that引导目的状语从句。故选A。 9. If I go to the English corner more often, I will have more ________ to speak English. A. changes B. chances C. events D. ways 【答案】B 【解析】句意：如果我更频繁地去英语角，我将有更多的机会说英语。 考查名词辨析。changes改变；chances机会；events事件；ways方法。根据“If I go to the English corner more often”可知，多去英语角就会有更多说英语的机会。选B。 10. You will ________ more friends. A. make B. makes C. made D. making 【答案】A 【解析】句意：你会交到更多的朋友。 考查动词时态。will为助动词，用于构成一般将来时，其后应接动词原形。make是动词原形，符合题意。故选A。 11. I’ll run slowly ________ you can catch up with me. A. in case B. so that C. so D. that 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我会慢慢跑，这样你就能赶上我。 考查连词辨析。in case以防万一；so that为了，后接句子；so所以；that在状语从句中无意义，不充当成分。根据“I’ll run slowly...you can catch up with me.”可知，慢跑是为了你能赶上我，应用so that引导目的状语从句，故选B。 12. —Do you know the ________ of the stone? —Yes. It ________ about 200 kilos. A. weight; weighs B. weight; weigh C. weigh; weighs D. weigh, weigh 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你知道这石头的重量吗？——是的。它重约200千克。 考查词汇辨析。weight重量（名词）；weigh称重（动词）；weighs动词三单形式。第一空被the修饰且作主语，用名词weight；第二空作谓语，用动词weigh，且为第三人称单数。故选A。 13. It’s difficult for us to ________, because the higher we climbed, the thinner the air was. Every few steps, we had to stop for ________. A. breath; breathe B. breathe; breathe C. breathe; breath D. breath, breath 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我们呼吸困难，因为我们爬得越高，空气就越稀薄。每走几步，我们就得停下来喘口气。 考查名词和动词。breath呼吸，名词；breathe呼吸，动词。根据“It’s difficult for us to...”可知，第一空要填一个动词原形，与前面的“to”一起构成动词不定式，作主语，所以要填动词“breathe”；再根据“we had to stop for...”可知，for为介词，所以第二空要填名词“breath”。故选C。 14. If you ________ something, you hold two or more things together with a rope. A. tie B. weigh C. carry D. collect 【答案】A 【解析】句意：如果你捆上某个东西的话，你就是用绳子把两个或更多的东西绑在一起。 考查动词辨析。tie系，捆；weigh称；carry搬运；collect收集。由“you hold two or more things together with a rope”可知，如果你捆上某个东西的话。故选A。 15. I hope to travel to ________ space one day. A. / B. a C. an D. the 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我希望有一天能去太空旅行。 考查冠词辨析。/不填；a一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于辅音音素前；an一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于元音音素前；the，定冠词，表特指。in space意为“在太空”，固定词组，此处不用冠词。故选A。 16. The TV __________ on Channel Six is about films. A. centre B. project C. programme D. computer 【答案】C 【解析】句意：六频道的电视节目是关于电影的。 考查名词辨析。centre中心；project项目；programme节目；computer电脑。根据“The TV”可知，此处说的是电视节目。故选C。 17. Most poets describe autumn to ________ a feeling of sadness, but in fact autumn is full of life and hope. A. express B. explain C. expect D. excuse 【答案】A 【解析】句意：大多数诗人描述秋天是为了表达一种悲伤的感觉，但实际上秋天充满了生命和希望。 考查动词辨析。express表达；explain解释；expect期盼；excuse原谅；宽恕。根据“a feeling of sadness”可知，是表达一种悲伤的感觉。故选A。 18. —On Christmas Day, I always receive a card from John. —Really? But he never ________ cards to me. A. wins B. collects C. sends D. shares 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——圣诞节那天，我总是收到约翰寄来的一张卡片。——真的吗？但他从不给我寄卡片。 考查动词辨析。win赢得；collect收集；send邮寄；share分享。根据“On Christmas Day, I always…a card from John.”可知，此处指约翰从没有给“我”寄卡片。故选C。 五、完成句子（共9小题，每小题2分，满分18分） 1. 这种疾病今年已夺去了数千人的生命。 The disease has killed people this year. 【答案】thousands of 【解析】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“数千”；thousands of“成千上万”，固定词组。故填thousands；of。 2. 他说，他特别喜欢从太空站上拍摄地球的照片。 He said that he especially enjoyed taking pictures of Earth from the . 【答案】space station 【解析】比对所给中英文可知，设空处为“太空站”，space station“太空站”。故填space；station。 3. 学会放松你自己，以便你能更好地面对挑战。 Learn to relax yourself you can face the challenge better. 【答案】so that 【解析】so that“以便于”，引导目的状语从句，故填so；that。 4. 我会通过邮寄的方式把这本书寄给你。 I will this book you by post. 【答案】send to 【解析】send sth. to sb.“把某物寄给某人”，因为“will”，所以，第一个填动词原形，即send；第二个空填介词to。故填send；to. 5. 卫星发射后成功进入轨道。 The satellite successfully after being launched. 【答案】got into orbit 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此空意为“进入轨道”。get into orbit“进入轨道”；结合语境可知，本题为一般过去时，所以用过去式。故填got；into；orbit。 6. 他们是首批登上月球的人。 They were the first men to the Moon. 【答案】land on 7. 尽管我喜欢度假，但我却讨厌照相。 Although I love holidays, I hate to . 【答案】take photos 【解析】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“照相”；take photos“照相”，固定词组；根据空前的“hate to”可知，此处应用动词原形。故填take；photos。 8. 每天锻炼锻炼，你很快会恢复健康的。 every day and you’ll be back in condition. 【答案】Do exercise 【解析】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“锻炼”；do exercise“锻炼”，固定词组，此句为祈使句，以动词原形开头，句首首字母大写。故填Do；exercise。 9. 为了准备我的考试，我每天至少看两个小时的书。 I read books for at least two hours every day to my test. 【答案】prepare for 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“准备”，用介词短语prepare for表示，空前有动词不定式符号to，应用动词原形。故填prepare；for。 六、语法选择（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） One day you may go to the moon. A tall rocket will take you into space. 1 rocket will fly a long way to a space station. You are going 2 there for a short time. Then a big spaceship 3 you to the moon. On 4 day, the ship will slowly go down and get to the moon. 5 you get there, but you cannot leave your spaceship. You must put 6 a spacesuit for the moon. It is very hot 7 the day and very cold at night. 8 you don’t wear a spacesuit, you can’t live there. After that, You jump out of the spaceship and begin to walk. Because of the low gravity, things on the Moon are 9 than those on the earth. You can jump high in the air 10 . The moon moves slowly, and one day on the moon is 11 long as a month on the Earth. It never 12 on the moon, and everything on the moon is dry. There are no trees or 13 living things on the Moon. Now it is not suitable (适宜) for 14 to live on. But scientists are working hard 15 more about it. 1. A. A B. An C. The D. / 2. A. stopping B. to stop C. stops D. stop 3. A. take B. took C. taking D. will take 4. A. three B. the three C. third D. the third 5. A. When B. Where C. Why D. What 6. A. out B. into C. on D. up 7. A. at B. during C. of D. with 8. A. Because B. But C. So D. If 9. A. much light B. much lighter C. more lighter D. the lightest 10. A. easily B. easier C. easiest D. easy 11. A. very B. such C. as D. too 12. A. rains B. raining C. rainy D. rain 13. A. another B. the other C. others D. other 14. A. we B. us C. our D. ours 15. A. know B. knowing C. knows D. to know 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. A 13. D 14. B 15. D 【导语】本文是一篇关于太空旅行的文章，描述了乘坐火箭和太空船去月球的旅行过程以及月球的一些基本特征。 1. 句意：火箭将飞很长一段路到达空间站。 A一，泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；An一，泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；The特指；/零冠词。根据“A tall rocket will take you into space.”可知，此处特指前文提到的火箭。故选C。 2. 句意：你将在那里停留一小段时间。 stopping逗留，现在分词或动名词；to stop逗留，不定式；stops逗留，三单形式；stop逗留，动词原形。根据“You are going”可知，此处考查be going to do“将做某事”，因此填不定式。故选B。 3. 句意：然后一艘大宇宙飞船会把你带到月球。 take携带，运走，原形；took携带，运走，过去式；taking携带，运走，现在分词或动名词；will take将携带，运走，一般将来时。根据“You are going to stop there for a short time. Then a big spaceship”可以，该句描述将来的动作，为一般将来时，故选D。 4. 句意：第三天，飞船将慢慢下降并到达月球。 three三，基数词；the three这三个，特指；third第三，序数词；the third第三，特指。结合“On”并结合语境可知，此处特指在某一天，且序数词前需用定冠词，故选D。 5. 句意：当你到达那里时，你不能离开你的飞船。 When何时；Where何地；Why为何；What什么。根据“you get there, but you cannot leave your spaceship”可知，此处指的到达月球的时候不能做的事情，用when引导时间状语从句。故选A。 6. 句意：你必须穿上宇航服。 out外面；into进入；on在上面；up向上。根据“a spacesuit for the moon”可知，此处指的是穿宇航服，put on“穿上”，故选C。 7. 句意：白天很热，晚上很冷。 at在，某时间或地点；during在……期间；of……的，所属关系；with和，表示伴随。根据“It is very hot…the day”可知，此处是说白天的这段时间很热，during符合语境。故选B。 8. 句意：如果你不穿宇航服，你就不能在那里生活。 Because因为；But但是；So所以；If如果。根据“you don’t wear a spacesuit, you can’t live there.”可知，此处应该说“如果”不穿宇航服，你就不能在那里生活。故选D。 9. 句意：由于重力较小，月球上的东西比地球上的要轻得多。 much light错误表达；much lighter轻得多；more lighter错误表达；the lightest最轻的。根据“Because of the low gravity, things on the Moon are…than those on the earth.”可知，此处表示比较，应该填比较级，much修饰比较级lighter。故选B。 10. 句意：你可以很容易地在空中跳得很高。 easily容易地，副词；easier更容易的，比较级；easiest最容易的，最高级；easy容易的，形容词。根据“You can jump high in the air”可知，修饰动词jump，填副词easily。故选A。 11. 句意：月球上的一天和地球上的一个月一样长。 very非常；such如此，这样的；as作为；too太，过于。根据“is…long as a month on the Earth.”可知，此处表示“一样长”，as long as“和……一样长”。故选C。 12. 句意：月球上从不下雨，月球上的一切都是干燥的。 rains下雨，三单形式；raining下雨，现在分词或动名词；rainy下雨的，形容词；rain雨，名词或动词。根据“It never…on the moon”可知，此处描述事实，为一般现在时，主语是“It”，动词填三单形式。故选A。 13. 句意：月球上没有树或其他生物。 another另一个，三者或三者以上中的另一个；the other另一个，两者中的另一个；others泛指其他人或物，复数；other其他的，后接名词。根据“There are no trees or…living things”可知，此处指的其他的生物，other接名词复数。故选D。 14. 句意：现在它不适合我们居住。 we我们，主格；us我们，宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词；ours我们的，名词性物主代词。根据“Now it is not suitable (适宜) for…to live on”可知，此处是说不适合“我们”居住，for为介词，接人称代词宾格。故选B。 15. 句意：但是科学家们正在努力了解更多关于它的信息。 know知道，原形；knowing知道，现在分词或动名词；knows知道，三单形式；to know知道，不定式。根据“But scientists are working hard…more about it.”可知，设空处表目的，应该填不定式。故选D。 七、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。 Spacesuits don’t just make astronauts look cool. Without these 1 suits, astronauts will not be able to leave their spaceship. That is to say, they will not be able to 2 on the Moon or work outside the International Space Station. Space is a 3 place for human beings. Firstly, there is no air to 4 . Secondly, space also has high levels of radiation (辐射), energy that can pass through our bodies and make us 5 . Thirdly, some parts of space are really cold while other parts are very hot. So astronauts can 6 in just a few seconds if they walk outside their spaceship without their suits. Spacesuits keep astronauts 7 sealed (密封的) inside. A backpack sends O2 in to let astronauts breathe normally. At the same time, the CO2 that astronauts breathe out is sucked away. The suit also protects them from 8 radiation and fast-moving space dust. Under the spacesuit is another 9 that looks like a pair of tight pajamas with little pipes running through them. Water runs through these pipes to 10 astronauts because wearing spacesuits can make astronauts very hot! 1. A. private B. special C. ancient D. expensive 2. A. sleep B. walk C. live D. surf 3. A. funny B. strange C. beautiful D. dangerous 4. A. send B. weigh C. breathe D. smell 5. A. weak B. bored C. strong D. relaxed 6. A. die B. disappear C. float D. escape 7. A. safely B. quickly C. quietly D. terribly 8. A. low B. warm C. harmful D. healthy 9. A. backpack B. lander C. tie D. suit 10. A. wash away B. warm up C. cool off D. clean out 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. A 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. C 【导语】本文讲述了宇航服的重要性及其在太空环境中的功能和保护作用。 1. 句意：没有这些特殊的服装，宇航员将无法离开他们的飞船。 private私人的；special特殊的； ancient古老的；expensive昂贵的。根据“Spacesuits don’t just make astronauts look cool.”可知，此处强调宇航服的特殊功能和用途。故选B。 2. 句意：也就是说，他们将无法在月球上行走或在国际空间站外工作。 sleep睡觉；walk行走；live生活；surf冲浪。根据“on the Moon or work outside the International Space Station.”可知，穿着宇航服就可以在月球上行走，故选B。 3. 句意：太空对于人类来说是一个危险的地方。 funny有趣的；strange奇怪的；beautiful美丽的；dangerous危险的。根据“place for human beings.”和后文描述太空的环境和条件可知，太空很危险。故选D。 4. 句意：首先，没有空气可以呼吸。 send发送；weigh称重；breathe呼吸；smell闻。根据“air”可知，此处指宇航员在太空中缺少氧气呼吸。故选C。 5. 句意：其次，太空中还有高水平的辐射，这些能量可以穿过我们的身体，让我们生病。 weak虚弱的；bored无聊的；strong强壮的；relaxed放松的。根据“high levels of radiation (辐射)”可知，辐射对人体有害，会削弱健康。故选A。 6. 句意：因此，如果宇航员没有穿着他们的宇航服走出飞船，他们可能在几秒钟内就会死去。 die死；disappear消失；float漂浮；escape逃跑。根据“in just a few seconds if they walk outside their spaceship without their suits.”可知，没有宇航服的保护，人类无法在太空生存，会很快死去。故选A。 7. 句意：宇航服将宇航员安全地密封在内部。 safely安全地；quickly快速地；quietly安静地；terribly可怕地。根据“Spacesuits keep astronauts...sealed (密封的) inside.”可知，宇航服保护宇航员的安全。故选A。 8. 句意：宇航服还保护他们免受有害辐射和快速移动的太空尘埃的伤害。 low低的；warm温暖的；harmful有害的；healthy健康的。根据“radiation and fast-moving space dust.”可知，此处描述的是辐射的危害。故选C。 9. 句意：宇航服下面是另一件看起来像是一套紧身睡衣的服装，上面有小管道穿过。 backpack背包；lander着陆器；tie领带；suit衣服。根据“tight pajamas with little pipes running through them”和“wearing spacesuits can make astronauts very hot!”可知，此处指宇航员穿在宇航服内的衣物。故选D。 10. 句意：水在这些管道中流动，以给宇航员降温，因为穿着宇航服可能会让宇航员感到非常热。 wash away冲走；warm up加热；cool off降温；clean out清洗。根据“because wearing spacesuits can make astronauts very hot!”可知，宇航服内部的管子通过水流来降低体温。故选C。 八、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构和上下文连贯要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中的词语的正确形式 The Shenzhou ­18 manned spaceship has been successfully launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre. It marks China’s 32nd manned flight into space. At 8:59 p.m. on 25 April 2024, it 1 (send) three astronauts and nearly 100 experimental boxes to the Tiangong space station. The astronauts are Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu, with Ye as the leader. It is Ye’s 2 (two) time to go to space within 3 years. He was one of the 3 (member) of the Shenzhou­ 13 mission from October 2021 4 April 2022. The three astronauts will do many tasks during 5 (they) stay. They will care for the space station to make sure it can work 6 (safe). More than 90 experiments 7 (carry) out in space. A very special one is to raise Zebrafish in space. 8 it succeeds, it will be a breakthrough (突破) in China’s space program. The Shenzhou­ 18 astronauts plan to return to 9 earth in late October this year. So they 10 (spend) about six months on the space station. 【答案】1. sent 2. second 3. members 4. to 5. their 6. safely 7. will be carried 8. If 9. the 10. will spend 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国成功发射神舟十八号载人飞船的故事，该任务将三名宇航员和近100个实验箱送入天宫空间站，详细说明了执行任务的宇航员，以及他们预计在空间站进行的研究任务和任务时间。 1. 句意：它在2024年4月25日晚上8:59送三名宇航员和近100个实验箱到天宫空间站。根据“At 8:59 p.m. on 25 April 2024”可知，句子是在讲述过去已经完成的动作，因此用一般过去时。故填sent。 2. 句意：这是叶在3年内第二次去太空。根据“time”可知，是指第二次，应用序数词second。故填second。 3. 句意：他是2021年10月到2022年4月的神舟13号任务的成员之一。one of后跟名词的复数形式。故填members。 4. 句意：他是2021年10月到2022年4月的神舟13号任务的成员之一。此处是固定短语from...to...“从……到……”。故填to。 5. 句意：在他们逗留期间，他们将执行许多任务。空处修饰后面名词stay，应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 6. 句意：他们将维护空间站以确保其能安全运行。空处修饰动词，应用副词safely。故填safely。 7. 句意：超过90个实验将在太空中进行。根据前两句可知，句子应用一般将来时。主语和动词carry之间是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故填will be carried。 8. 句意：如果成功，这将是中国太空计划的突破。根据“it succeeds, it will be a breakthrough (突破) in China’s space program.”可知，前句是后句的肯定条件，应用if引导条件状语从句。故填If。 9. 句意：神舟十八号的航天员计划于今年10月下旬返回地球。根据“earth”可知，地球是独一无二的事物，应用定冠词the特指。故填the。 10. 句意：因此，他们将在空间站上度过大约六个月。结合上下文可知，讲述的是将来的事情，应用一般将来时，故填will spend。 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$