Unit 1 Friendship（Welcome to the unit-Reading）知识清单2025-2026学年译林版（2024）八年级英语上册

8A Unit 1 Friendship Welcome to the unit-Reading知识清单 一．Welcome to the unit重点知识梳理 ✅ 考点1：What makes your friend so special? 1. What/Who 作主语时动词单数 e.g. Who teaches you English? 2. make 的多种用法 ① make an excellent teacher 释义：成为一位优秀的老师 例句：Her patience and knowledge make her an excellent teacher.（她的耐心和知识让她成为一位出色的老师。） ② make a kite 释义：制作风筝 例句：We made a kite and flew it in the park.（我们做了一个风筝，并在公园里放飞它。） ③ make sb do sth 释义：让某人做某事（强制或促使） 例句：The teacher made us rewrite the essay.（老师让我们重写那篇作文。） ④ make + sb / sth + adj. 释义：使某人/某物变得…… 例句：The news made her happy.（这个消息让她很开心。） ⑤ make + it + adj. + to do 释义：使做某事变得…… 例句：She made it easy to understand the complex problem.（她让这个复杂问题变得容易理解。） ⑥ make a decision 释义：做决定 例句：It’s time to make a decision about our holiday plans.（是时候对我们的假期计划做出决定了。） ⑦ make up one’s mind to do释义：下决心做某事 例句：He finally made up his mind to study abroad.（他终于下定决心出国留学。） ⑧ make fun of 释义：取笑 例句：It’s rude to make fun of someone’s accent.（取笑别人的口音是不礼貌的。） ⑨ make use of 释义：利用 例句：You should make good use of your free time.（你应该好好利用空闲时间。） ⑩ make sure 释义：确保 例句：Make sure you lock the door before leaving.（离开前一定要锁好门。） ⑪ make up 释义：组成；编造；化妆；和解（根据语境变化） 例句： · The team is made up of five members.（这个团队由五名成员组成。） · She made up a story to explain her absence.（她编了个故事解释自己的缺席。） · They made up after the argument.（他们吵架后和好了。） ⑫ be made up of 释义：由……组成 例句：The committee is made up of ten experts.（委员会由十位专家组成。） ⑬ be made of / from释义：由……制成（of → 材质未改变；from → 原料已改变） 例句： · This table is made of wood.（这张桌子是木头做的。） · Wine is made from grapes.（酒是由葡萄酿成的。） ⑭ make sth into sth 释义：把某物变成…… 例句：They made the old factory into a museum.（他们把旧工厂改成了博物馆。） ⑮ make a big difference to释义：对……有很大影响 例句：Regular exercise can make a big difference to your health.（规律锻炼能对你的健康产生很大影响。） ✅ 考点 2：Tell the truth true（adj.）意为“真实的，确实的”，强调事情或信息的真实性。 📌 常用短语：come true（实现） 📘 例句：It's a true story. / Your dream will come true. 🔍 衍生词汇：truly（adv.）真实地；truth（n.）事实，真相 🆚 true vs. real true：符合事实 → 真 vs. 假 real：真实存在 → 不是虚构的 ✅ 考点 3：Be good at telling jokes joke（n.）笑话、玩笑（可数） 📘 常用搭配：tell a (funny) joke 讲笑话 e.g. Tom often tells his friends funny jokes. 🔍 相关短语： play a joke on sb. 捉弄某人 make a joke 开玩笑 ✅ 考点 4：I think good friends should be kind and caring. care（v.）关心、在意 📘 常用搭配： care about sb./sth. 关心、在乎 care for sb. 喜欢 / 照顾（= look after） 📗 例句： I know my parents care about me. I don't care about what you'll say. She cares for her sick father.→ = She looks after / takes care of her sick father. 🔍 衍生词汇 care（n.）照料 → Take care! careful / careless（adj.）细心的 / 粗心的 carefully / carelessly（adv.）认真地 / 马虎地 ✅ 考点 5：They should also be honest. 📘 honest（adj.）诚实的，正直的 → 反义词：dishonest 用法：作定语/表语 e.g. He is an honest boy. to be honest = to tell the truth（插入语） e.g. To be honest, I don't like it. be honest with sb. 对某人诚实 e.g. Be honest with your parents. ✅ 冠词注意：an honest（h 不发音，元音音素开头） ✅ 考点 6：polite, tidy and hard-working 📘 polite（adj.）有礼貌的 🔁 反义词：rude / impolite 📍搭配：be polite to sb. e.g. Tom is a polite student. 📘 tidy（adj.）整洁的，有条理的 🔁 反义词：untidy 📍常用动词形式：tidy up（整理、收拾） e.g. You should tidy up your room. 📘 hard-working（adj.）勤奋的，努力工作的 📍名词搭配：hard work（n.） 📍短语搭配：work hard（v. 努力工作） e.g. He is a hard-working man. ✅ 考点 7：Thank you for sharing your thoughts, class. share（v.）分享 📍常用结构：share sth. with sb. e.g. I share a bedroom with my brother. e.g. Let's share the cake. 二．Reading重点知识梳理 ✅ 考点1：Kind and helpful, Betty is ready to help anyone any time. 📘 be ready to do sth. 意为“乐意 / 准备好做某事” = be willing to / get ready to e.g. I'm ready to chat with him. 📘 any time（= anytime）意为“在任何时候” ⚠ 前面不加介词 e.g. Call me any time. ✅ 考点2：She always gives up her seat on the bus to someone in need. 1、名词：need（需要） sb. in need（有困难的人） in need of sth.（需要某物） satisfy / meet one’s need（满足某人的需求） 2、动词：need（需要） 用法类型 肯定句 否定句 实义动词 need to do sth. don't need to do sth. 情态动词 need do sth.（较少用） needn't do sth. 3、特殊结构（主动表被动） sth. needs doing = sth. needs to be done e.g. The room needs cleaning. = The room needs to be cleaned. ✅ 考点 3：she often helps us with our schoolwork 📘 help词性词形变化： help：n./v. 帮助； helpful：adj. 乐于助人的； helpless：adj. 无助的 🔹 常用结构： 1. help sb. (to) do sth.（帮助做某事） 2. help sb. with sth. 3. can’t help (doing) sth.（情不自禁） 4. with the help of sb.（在某人帮助下） 🔹 拓展表达：be helpful = be of (great) help ✅ 考点 4：When something worries me, I always go to her. ✅ worry 的用法 📘 基本用法： 及物动词：worry sb. 使某人担心 e.g. The boy always worries his parents. 不及物动词：worry about sth. 为……担心 = be worried about sth. 　e.g. She worries about her students. 📗 名词用法： 不可数名词：worry 烦恼 可数名词：worries 烦心事 e.g. My mother has a lot of worries. 📙 形容词： worried：担心的 常搭配：be worried about... ✅ 不定代词用法精炼 代词 含义 例句（含核心句式） something 某事（肯定句） I want something to eat. anything 任何事/任何东西 Do you have anything to eat? everything 每件事/一切事 Money is everything to him. nothing 什么也没有 There is nothing interesting in the paper. 📌 形容词位置规则： something interesting ✅ interesting something ❌ something to eat ✅ to eat something ❌ 📌 nothing vs. none： nothing：什么都没有（回答 what） none：一个也没有（回答 how many/how much） 　例：There is none left in the fridge. ✅ 考点 5：He is the tallest boy in our class-almost 1.8 meters almost 用法 词性：副词，意为“几乎，差不多” 常作状语，位置：be/情态/助动词 之后；实义动词 之前；有时可置于句首。 例句： Supper is almost ready. Almost no one believed him. ✅ 考点 6：He wears small, round glasses. wear：表示穿戴的状态，也用于“面带某种表情” e.g. She is wearing a pair of glasses. e.g. She always wears a smile. 🔄 相关表达对比： 1. put on：穿上（强调动作）反义词：take off e.g. Put on your coat or you'll catch a cold. 2. dress：给人穿衣 dress sb. / dress oneself / get dressed / dress up e.g. Jack can dress himself. 3. in + 颜色：表示穿着某种颜色 e.g. the girl in red 4. on + sb.：衣物穿在某人身上 e.g. The dress looks great on you. ✅ 考点 7：They make him look a little bit funny. 1、few & little（否定） vs. a few & a little（肯定） 用法 含义 举例 few 几乎没有（可数名词） Few people understand the differences. a few 有一些（可数名词） A few cars passed by me. little 几乎没有（不可数） There was little doubt in my mind. a little 有一点（不可数） a little sugar / tea 2、比较级形式 原级 比较级 最高级 few fewer fewest little less least 🔎 补充：常见表达 at least：至少 She must be at least 18. at most：至多 He must be at most 30. not a little = very（非常） Yao Ming is not a little tall. not a bit = not at all（一点也不） I'm not a bit surprised. ✅ 考点 8：Max has a good sense of humour. 📘 humour (= humor) n. 幽默 humorous：adj. 幽默的 📘 sense：n. 感觉，意识 常见搭配： a sense of smell：嗅觉 common sense：常识 make sense：有意义，讲得通 sixth sense：第六感 a sense of humor：幽默感 a sense of direction：方向感 ✅ 考点 9：You will never feel bored with him around. feel bored with...：对…感到无聊 be bored with = be tired of...：对…感到厌烦 -ed / -ing 形容词区别 词形 修饰对象 含义 例句 -ed 人 自身感受 I feel excited. / I'm interested in English. -ing 事物 令人感受 an exciting match / an interesting book 特殊表达： excited look：激动的表情（自己感受） boring people：无聊之人（令人感到无聊） ✅ 考点 10：but he always encourages me to keep trying. 词性 词义 用法 例子 v. 饲养 keep + n. keep a pet 保持 keep + adj. / adv. keep healthy / keep off the wall 继续 keep (on) doing sth. keep reading 阻止某人做某事 keep sb. from doing sth. = stop sb. from doing sth. = prevent sb. from doing sth. — 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$