词性转换-易错点归纳 清单-2026届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

易错点易考点归纳 词性转换 v→n: decide -decision choose-choice combine-combination determine-determination occupy-occupation inspire-inspiration apologize-apology expect-expectation explore-exploration expose-exposure expand-expansion extend-extension explain-explanation express -expression introduce-introduction produce -production -product confuse -confusion reserve -reservation inform-information present-presentation -presence respond -response defend-defence / defense applaud -applause cover -coverage 去e : admire-admiration argue-argument(加ment时唯一必须去e的） 改ve为f: relieve -relief believe -belief v+ence: differ-diference (refer,prefer,insist,exist,depend) occur-occurrence v+ance: appear-appearance (disappear, perform, annoy, assist, resist, disturb) 去e＋ance: guide-guidance ignore-ignorance insure-insurance entre-entrance 特殊情况： rely-reliance adj→n: curious-curiosity generous-generosity anxious-anxiety various-variety ambitious-ambition cautious-caution religious-religion -t→-ce : convenient-convenience--inconvenience(反义) different, important, significant, absent, elegant -t→-cy: fluent-fuency (frequent, efficient, urgent ,emergent ) possible-possibility (以able/ible结尾的形容词变名词改为-ability/-ibility ) adj→adv 去e＋ly: true-truly whole -wholly 以able/ible结尾的改e为y: gentle-gently simple-simply terrible-terribly -ic结尾变副词+ ally basic, specific，systematic, automatic... 唯一特例public-publicly -cial结尾的形容词 benefit-beneficial finance-financial n→adj 去e＋ial office- , race- , face- , commerce- . v→adj去e＋able admire-admirable adore-adorable value -valuable believe -believable 改y为i加able rely-reliable 常见不可数名词: progress, equipment, furniture, fun, weather, advice, information, news, music, health, rain, truth, luck, homework, work, water, money, change零钱, luggage / baggage行李, 不规则反义词：irregular, irrelevant, illegal, irresponsible, abnormal 元音字母＋y结尾的动词过去式,过去分词除 say-said，pay-paid 外其余直接加-ed / -ing 如enjoy, destroy, stay, play, betray, delay, obey, convey传达, survey调查 非谓语常用ing的: consist of, belong to, measure/weigh+数值, vary / range from…to..., depend on, date back to, date from 非谓语常用-ed: based on, dressed in, made up of, composed of, associated /connected / concerned with , linked to, involved in, related to, compared with / to, devoted to, named, called, titled, entitled, located. to为介词的短语: be used / accustomed to (doing) sth, be dovoted to, look forward to, object to, be opposed to, stick to, apply oneself to, adjust / adapt oneself to 名词＋介词to : answer, key, approach, exit, entrance, solution, access (have acess to) to one’s ＋n: to one's delight / disappointment / satisfaction / excitement / surprise / astonishment / terror in a way/ state / manner/ style/ mood 表“由于，因为”的短语： on account of, due to, owing to, because of, as a result / consequence of, in consequence of 表“充当...起...作用” serve / function / act / work as 表“...感” a sense of achievement / satisfaction / humor / belonging 成就感/满足感/幽默感/归属感 常用现在完成时的标志词: so far, until now, till now, up to now, recently, lately, already, before, in recent years, for +时段, during /in /over the past /last...years, since 十过去时间(1998)/从句(过去时)，主句用现在完成时 完成时句型：It is the first time that +S＋have /has done ... It was the first time that ＋S+ had done... No Sooner had ＋S＋done…than(过去时) Hardly /Scarcely had ＋S＋done…when...(过去时) 专心 be absorbed /lost in fix / focus / concentrate ones attention on / upon 忙于... be busy / buried / occupied / engaged in 不定式作后置定语：have the chance / opportunny / right / power / ability / capability /potential / time / courage to do sth, the first＋n.＋to do sth 不定式作表语： one’s job / dream / wish / ambition / goal / intention is to do sth 基数词变序数词的规律： 一二三单独记：first, second, third. ve变成f替: five--fifth, twelve--twelfth. 八去t,九去e: eight--eighth, nine--ninth. 整十变y为ie: twenty--twentieth, ninety--ninetieth 若是遇到几十几，只变个位就可以: 99th: ninety-ninth 以f/fe结尾的名词改f/fe为v再加es: 口决:妻子持刀去宰狼,吓得小偷发了慌,躲在架后保命忙,半片树叶遮目光。 wife, knife, wolf, thief, shelf, self, half, leaf. 以f结尾直接加S: 口诀：海湾边,屋顶上,首领两相望,信仰写在手帕上 gulf, roof, chief, belief, handkerchief. 不规则名词复数foot-feet, tooth-teeth, mouse-mice, basis-bases, analysis-analyses, stomachs, crisis-crises. 表“值得” Sth be worth ding It is worthwhile doing sth / to do sth Sth be worthy of being done /to be done 主语deserve doing / to be done ↓ （need、want，require）用法类以 特殊分词 lie-lying (die，tie) lie-lied-lied-lying 规则的撒谎 lie-lay-lain-lying 不规则的躺 lay-laid-laid-laying躺过就下蛋, 下蛋不规则。 panic-panicked-panicking 分词双写结尾辅音字母：travelling controlling, quarrelling, spotting, beginning, running, forgetting, sitting, preferring, occurring, referring, stopping, skipping, shopping, robbing. rubbing, hugging, planning, transferring, dropping, begging, regretting. 比较等级双写: bigger/est, thin, fat, hot, slim, sad, mad, wet good/well-better-best, bad/badly-worse-wost, little-less-least， many / much-more-most far-farther / further -farthest /furthest 提示词为动词的填空考虑三种句子结构 动名词/不定式作主语--直接查看横线后有无谓语 动词原形 ＋and / or十陈述句 非谓语作状语(-ing /-ed / to do)，主句... .(主语十谓语+...) 不规则动词分类表(原形、过去式、过去分词) AAA型: cast，cost，cut，hit，hurt, let put，broadcast，burst， read，red，set，shut , spread，thrust，upset AAB型: beat-beat-beaten ABA型: come-came-come become-became-become run-ran-run overcome-overcame-overcome ABB型: feel-felt-felt sleep-slept-slept leave-left-left smell-smelt-smelt keep-kept-kept creep-crept-crept kneel-knelt-knelt sweep-swept-swept spell-spelt-spelt weep-wept-wept catch-caught-caught pay-paid-paid teach-taught-taught fight-fought-fought think-thought-thought bring-brought-brought buy-bought-bought lay-laid-laid say-said-said stand-stood-stood understand-understood-understood bleed-bled-bled feed-fed-fed meet-met-met speed-sped-sped lead-led-led flee-fled-fled shoot-shot-shot deal-dealt-dealt mean-meant-meant learn-learnt-learnt burn-burnt-burnt lean-leant-leant make-made-made spit-spat-spat sit-sat-sat dream-dreamt-dreamt burn-burned-burned speed-speeded-speeded hear-heard-heard stick-stuck-stuck strike-struck-struck dig-dug-dug tell-told-told sell-sold-sold win-won-won wind-wound-wound bend-bent-bent build-built-built spend-spent-spent lend-lent-lent have(has)-had-had shine-shone-shone lose-lost-lost hold-held-held get-got-got(gotten) find-found-found ABC型: drive-drove-driven rise-rose-risen write-wrote-written ride-rode-ridden blow-blew-blown fly-flew-flown grow-grew-grown throw-threw-thrown know-knew-known choose-chose-chosen wake-woke-woken break-broke-broken speak-spoke-spoken weave-wove-woven steal-stole-stolen freeze-froze-frozen sink-sank-sunk sing-sang-sung begin-began-begun drink-drank-drunk ring-rang-rung swim-swam-swum eat-ate-eaten fall-fell-fallen forget-forgot-forgotten do-did-done go-went-gone see-saw-seen prove-proved-proven give-gave-given shake-shook-shaken hide-hid-hidden wear-wore-worn take-took-taken mistake-mistook-mistaken forbid-forbad-forbidden 注意：相同动词因其过去式、过去分词有两形式而产生不同词义: speed sped-sped快行 speeded-speeded加速 light lit-lit点着(表语) lighted-lighted供电，点燃的(定语) shine shone-shone照耀 shined-shined擦亮 hang hung-hung悬挂 hanged-hanged绞死 burn burned-burned burnt-burnt 作谓语时无区别，作定语时只用burnt烧成的，烧伤的，烧焦的 learn learned-learned learnt-learnt 作谓语时无区别，作定语只用 learned博学的，有才华的 注意：drunken，stricken，sunken已转为形容词，常作定语，如 a drunken sot酒鬼 in a drunken manner摇摇晃晃地 注意：lie vi.躺卧lay-lain-lying(现在分词) lie vi.撒谎 lied-lied-lying lay vt放置，下蛋laid-laid-laying 注意：come，become，overcome属不规则变化， 但welcome属规则动词，分别为:welcomed welcomed fly，blow是不规则变化， 但flow(流)是规则变化，分别为flowed，flowed find发现 found-found 但found创建 founded-founded wind绕 wound-wound 但wound伤害 wounded-wounded see看见 saw-seen 但 saw锯 sawed-sawed 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$