Unit 2 Section 2 Grammar（语法优质课）-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册同步优质课件（沪教版2024）

上 沪教版（2024）八年级 Section 2 Grammar 语法优质课 Unit 2 Amazing numbers 目录 CONTENTS 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Cardinal numbers 4 Ordinal number 5 Homework 6 Lead in By the end of the lesson, I will be able to... 1 2 3 4 Master reading and writing of cardinal & ordinal numbers. use cardinal numbers for quantity and ordinal numbers for order Describe river lengths and mountain heights with these numbers. Improve English communication about numerical info. Learning objectives What number is this? 1/16 twelve twenty NEXT What number is this? 2/16 eighty eighteen NEXT What number is this? 3/16 fourteen forty NEXT What number is this? 4/16 seventy seventeen NEXT What number is this? 5/16 sixteen sixty NEXT What number is this? 6/16 seventeen seventy NEXT What number is this? 7/16 fifty fifteen NEXT What number is this? 8/16 eighteen eighty NEXT What number is this? 9/16 twenty twelve NEXT What number is this? 10/16 fifteen fifty NEXT What number is this? 11/16 forty fourteen NEXT What number is this? 12/16 nineteen ninety NEXT What number is this? 13/16 thirty thirteen NEXT What number is this? 14/16 sixty sixteen NEXT What number is this? 15/16 thirteen thirty NEXT What number is this? 16/16 ninety nineteen EXIT cardinal Numbers 基数词 We use cardinal numbers to count things. 11 eleven 15 fifteen 20 twenty 82 eighty-two 12 twelve 18 eighteen 50 fifty 98 ninety-eight 100 one hundred 385 three hundred and seventy-five 1,000 one thousand 100,000 one hundred thousand 4,189 four thousand one hundred and eighty-nine 1,000,000 2,000,000 1,000,000,000 3,000,000,000 one million two million one billion three billion A Cardinal numbers 一、基数词的概念 We use cardinal numbers to count things. 1. People from about 180 countries and areas live in New York. 2. The CN Tower is 1,815 feet tall. 3. Red Square in Moscow is about 91,000 square metres in size. 4. France has an area of over 26,000 square miles. 5. There are about 8,000,000 people living in London. 6. Tokyo, the capital of Japan, has over 13,000,000 people. 0～12为基本单词： zero one   two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven   twelve 13～19为对应的个位数单词(或变形)后加-teen： thirteen   fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen 二、基数词的构成 3 three 13 thirteen 11 eleven 15 fifteen 12 twelve 18 eighteen 20～90为其对应个位数单词(或变形)后加-ty： twenty   thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety 21～99的两位数，十位与个位之间用连字符“-”： 26 twenty-six 99 ninety-nine When we say thirteen, we stress the second syllable. When we say thirty, we stress the first syllable. 20 twenty 70 seventy 30 thirty 82 eighty-two 50 fifty 98 ninety-eight 100 one hundred 200 two hundred 375 three hundred and seventy-five 101～999的三位数，百位数和十位数（若无十位数则和个位数）之间用and连接，百后用单数形式： 103 a/one hundred and three 225 two hundred and twenty-five 999 nine hundred and ninety-nine 多位数： 注意每三个数为一个单位，按照百、十、个向下读。 6 , 500 , 431 , 729 billion million thousand seven hundred and twenty-nine six billion, five hundred million, four hundred and thirty-one thousand, 在英语中，对于万以上的数字，我们该如何表达呢？这就要记住英语数字读法特点。以下面一个数字为例： 用英语写出下列数字 44 85 101 443 2002 3，654 78,542,650 forty-four eighty-five one hundred and one four hundred and forty-three two thousand and two three thousand six hundred and fifty-four seventy-eight million five hundred and forty-two thousand six hundred and fifty Work out the rule In the cardinal numbers, we do not add -s to hundred, _________ and __________. With large numbers, we put _________ between hundred and ten. thousand million and (1)时刻、年份的读法 8:20 10:30 11:40 2000 2021 twenty past eight eight twenty ten thirty half past ten eleven forty twenty to twelve two thousand twenty twenty-one 三、基数词的用法 (2) 表示年龄： 数字+year(s)+old 1岁 90岁 one year old ninety years old 数字-year-old+名词 (只可做定语) 一个3岁的男孩 一个五天的假期 一段15分钟的路程 a three-year-old boy a five-day holiday a fifteen-minute walk (3) 表示年代：in the +整十复数(ies) 在60年代 在90年代 在20世纪90年代 in the sixties in the nineties in the 1990s (4) 表示几十多岁：in one’s +整十复数(ies) 在他80多岁时 在我20多岁时 in his eighties in my twenties (5)公交线路编号、房间号及电话号码的读法 规则:名+数(均大写) 211路公交车 702号房 8年级 12班 第五十页 写法 Bus No. 14 Room 702 Grade 8 Class 12 Page 50 读法 Bus No. Fourteen Room Seven Zero Two Grade Eight Class Twelve Page Fifty 4,056 = four thousand and fifty-six 23,813 = twenty-three thousand eight hundred and thirteen 567,110 = five hundred and sixty-seven thousand one hundred and ten 6,425,200 = six million four hundred and twenty-five thousand two hundred How do we say the following numbers? ORDINAL NUMBERS 0 1 st FIRST 2 nd SECOND 3 rd THIRD FOURTH 4 th 5 th FIFTH 6 th SIXTH 9 th NINTH 10 th TENTH 11 th ELEVENTH 12 th TWELFTH 13 th THIRTEENTH 15 th FIFTEENTH 16 th SIXTEENTH SEVENTEENTH 17 th 18 th EIGHTEENTH 19 th NINETEENTH 20 th TWENTIETH 21 st TWENTY-FIRST 22 nd TWENTY-SECOND 30 th THIRTIETH 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Help me, please! I’m going to the third floor 3 rd third Thank you! 1 2 5 4 3 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 I’m going to the fifth floor 5 th fifth Thank you! 1 2 9 4 3 6 7 8 5 10 11 12 I’m going to the ninth floor 9 th ninth Thank you! 1 9 2 4 3 6 7 8 5 10 11 12 I’m going to the second floor 2 nd second Thank you! 2 9 1 4 3 6 7 8 5 10 11 12 I’m going to the first floor 1 st first Thank you! 2 9 12 4 3 6 7 8 5 10 11 1 We’re going to the twelfth floor 12 th twelfth Thank you! What floor are we on? ? ordinal numbers 序数词 Learn the numbers and find out the rules. We use ordinal numbers to show the order of things. 一、序数词的概念： • Women's Day is on the eighth of March. • Our flat is on the seventh floor. • He is always the first to come to the school in our class. 1) 一般来说，是由相应的基数词加词尾th构成。 ◇ four + th ◇ seven + th ◇ ten + th 2) 有些基数词在变为序数词时，有特殊的变化。 ◇ one ◇ two ◇ three ◇ five ◇ eight ◇ nine ◇ twelve → fourth → seventh → tenth → first → third → eighth → twelfth → second → fifth → ninth 二、序数词的构成 3) 十位整数序数词的构成方法是将基数词的词尾y变成i，然后再加eth。 ◇ twenty ◇ thirty → twentieth → thirtieth ◇ twenty-one ◇ thirty-five ◇ a hundred and fifty-three 4) 两位或两位以上的基数词变成序数词时，仅将个位数变成序数词。 → twenty-first → thirty-fifth → a hundred and fifty-third ◇ forty ◇ ninety → fortieth → ninetieth 1) 序数词前面通常要加定冠词the，但当序数词作定语修饰名词且前面有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格时，the可以省略。 三、序数词的用法 • Take the first right. • My first teacher • Lily's third boyfriend 我的第一个老师 莉莉的第三个男朋友 在第一个路口向右拐。 2) 日期可以用基数词或序数词来表示。读时前面要加定冠词the，日期前面要用介词on。 在6月1日 3) 编号可以用基数词或序数词来表示。序数词位于名词之前，前面要加定冠词the，而基数词位于名词之后，且名词和基数词的首字母都要大写。 the second part = Part Two on June 1 / on June 1st 读作 on June the first The students are standing in a line. They each have a number (from 1 to 28). Fill in the blanks with the cardinal numbers on the left or ordinal numbers on the right. 2 first third fourth twelfth 19 twenty-third twenty-eighth Work out the rule We form most ordinal numbers by adding ____ to the cardinal numbers. There are exceptions, like first, second and third. -th 基变序，有规律，词尾加上th。一二三特殊记，词尾字母t,d,d。八加h，九减e，ve要用f替。ty要变tie，然后再加th。若是遇上几十几，只变个位就可以。 1 Look at the information about the three longest rivers in the world. Take turns asking and answering questions about the rivers. S1: Which is the first-longest river in the world? Where is it? How long is It? S2: The Nile River is the first-longest river; It’s in Africa. It’s about 6,671 km long. S1: Which is the second-longest river in the world? Where is it? How long is It? S2: The Amazon River is the second-longest river, It’s in South America. It’s about 6,480 km long. S1: Which is the third-longest river in the world? Where is it? How long is It? S2: The Yangtze River is the third-longest river, It’s in Asia. It’s about 6,300 km long. 2 Look at the list of the highest mountains in Asia, North America and Africa Describe the mountains with cardinal and ordinal numbers. Rank Name Height Continent 1 Mt. Qomolangma 8,848.86 m Asia 2 Mt. Qogir 8,611 m Asia 3 Mt. Kanchenjunga 8,586 m Asia The tallest mountain in Asia is Mountain QomolangmaIt is 8,848.86 metres high Mountain Qogir is the second-highest in Asia. It is 8,611 metres high. Mountain Kanchenjunga is the third highest in Asia. It is 8,586 metres high. Rank Name Height Continent 1 Mt. Denali 6,190 m North America 2 Mt. Logan 5,959 m North America 3 Pico de Orizaba 5,610 m North America The tallest mountain in North America is Mountain Denali. It is 6,190 metres high Mountain Logan is the second-highest in North America. It is 5,959 metres high. Pico de Orizaba is the third highest in North America. It is 5,610 metres high. The tallest mountain in Africa is Mountain Kilimanjaro. It is 5,895 metres high. Mountain Kenya is the second-highest in Africa. It is 5,199 metres high. Mountain Stanley is the third highest in Africa. It is 5,109 metres high. Rank Name Height Continent 1 Mt. Kilimanjaro 5,895 m Africa 2 Mt. Kenya 5,199 m Africa 3 Mt. Stanley 5,109 m Africa Thanks! $$