UNIT 5 Section 3 “Enlightening a Mind”的新知学习环节(Word教参)-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（北师大版）

Section 3　 “Enlightening a Mind” 的新知学习环节 课时目标 1.熟记单词、短语的意思和用法，并能灵活运用。 2.掌握文章中的一些重要句型，并学以致用。 一、阅读单词——知其义 1．enlighten a mind　　　　　　　 启迪心灵 2．stubborn character 固执的性格 3．a straightforward process 简单的过程 4．the cool liquid 清凉的液体 5．the sun's rays 太阳的光线 6．an abstract concept 一个抽象的概念 7．make necklaces 制作项链 8．a troublesome child 让人心烦的孩子 二、重点单词——写其形 1．have a tendency to break things 有摔东西的倾向 2．a superb teacher 一位极好的老师 3．marketing techniques 营销技巧 4．the precious knowledge 宝贵的知识 5．grasp the key to language 理解语言的关键 6．increase the vocabulary 增加词汇量 7．discover more complex words 发现更复杂的词汇 8．have a breakthrough 取得突破 三、活用单词——悉其变 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 四、拓展构词——明其规(依据规律串记单词) 1．expansion：－sion名词后缀　 ①extension　　　　　　 延伸 ②conclusion 结论，推论；结尾 ③decision 决定，决心 ④division 分开；分配；除法 2．painful：－ful形容词后缀　 ①hopeful　　　　　　　 有希望的 ②careful 小心的 ③plentiful 丰富的；大量的 ④skillful 熟练的 五、高级词块——通其用 1．have_a_tendency_to_do_sth.　 有做某事的倾向 2．as_well 也；同样地 3．relate_to 涉及，有关；理解 4．hold_up 举起；阻挡 5．open_up_to 对……开放 6．be_eager_to 盼望，渴望 7．point_to 指向；指出；针对 8．point_up 向上指；强调 9．work_on 影响，对……起作用； 继续工作；从事于…… 10．with_the_help_of 在……的帮助下 11．in_a_flash 瞬间；立刻 12．at_that_moment 在那一刻，就在那时 13．come_out 出现；出版；结果是 1．She was sometimes troublesome, stubborn and angry, and had a tendency to break things when no one understood her. 她有时很烦人、很固执，而且很易怒。如果没有人能理解她的意思，她就会摔东西。 ★tendency n．倾向 |用|法|感|知| ·(“学校生活”主题佳句)There is a growing tendency among middle－school students that they will do some voluntary work during their vacation. 中学生越来越倾向于在假期里做一些志愿工作。 ·(“语言学习”主题佳句)When learning English, most people have a tendency to focus their attention on vocabulary and grammar purely. 在学习英语时，大多数人倾向于将注意力仅仅集中在词汇和语法上。 [归纳点拨] (1)a tendency to/towards sth.　 ……的倾向 have a tendency to do sth. 倾向于做某事 (2)tend v. 倾向，趋于；照料 tend to do sth. 倾向于做某事，往往会做某事 tend to/towards sth. 倾向于某事 tend (to) sb./sth. 照管某人/某物 |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空/完成句子 ①If a person boils with anger or experiences anxiety, he will have a tendency (tend) to cross with arms in front of his chest. ②People tend to_need (need) less sleep as they get older. ③It_is_really_kind_of_you_to_tend_(to)_my_pet_dog when I am on business. 我出差时你能照顾我的宠物狗，你真是太好了。 (2)一句多译 这种药很有效，但往往会引起头痛。 ④The drug is effective but has_a_tendency_to_cause_headaches.(tendency) ⑤The drug is effective but tends_to_cause_headaches.(tend) 2．She'd had eyesight problems early in life as well so she could relate to Helen's difficulties. 她小时候视力也有障碍，所以更能理解海伦所面临的困境。 ★relate vi.& vt.理解；相联系；叙述，讲述 |用|法|感|知| ·(“通知”类佳句)It is requested that all the articles should be related to the students' life. 根据要求，所有文章都应与学生的生活有关。 ·(“求助”类佳句)I'm writing to seek your help because I am unable to relate to other people well. 我写信是为了寻求你的帮助，因为我不能很好地与他人相处。 归纳点拨 (1)relate ...to/with ... 把……与……联系起来 relate to ...　　　 和……有关联；理解……；与……相处 (2)related adj. 有关系的，有关联的 be related to 与……有关系 (3)relation n. 关系，联系 in/with relation to 与……有关；涉及 have no relation to 与……没关系 轻巧识记 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①The report related high wages to/with labour shortages. ②What he said relates to what we are discussing now. ③It is required that your speech should_be_related_to/in_relation_to_the_most_significant_ breakthrough in the 20th century. 按要求，你的演讲必须与20世纪最重大的突破有关。 ④Having suffered the same painful experience as you, I_extremely_relate_to_your_feelings_ now. 我遭受了和你一样的痛苦经历，所以我非常理解你现在的感受。 3．She wrote about her excitement later in her book, The Story of My Life. 后来在《我的人生故事》一书中，海伦描述了自己的兴奋之情。 ★excitement n．兴奋，激动 |用|法|感|知| ·(“神态描写”佳句)She laughed, her eyes shining with excitement. 她笑了，眼里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 ·(“神态描写”佳句)Then followed the ceremony of raising the national flag, which made us very excited. 接着是升旗仪式，这使得我们非常兴奋。 归纳点拨 (1)excite vt.　　　　 使激动，使兴奋 (2)excited adj. 兴奋的，激动的 be excited at/by/about 对……感到激动/兴奋 be excited to do sth. 　 对做某事感到兴奋 be excited that ... 感到激动/兴奋的是…… (3)exciting adj. 令人兴奋的 名师点津 excited意为“兴奋的，激动的”，是人因外物影响而产生的一种状态；exciting表示“令人激动的”，是事物本身的性质。有时也可以用excited来描述与人有关的事物，如excited look/expression等。 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①The twins were filled with excitement (excite) as they thought of the surprise they were planning for Mother's Day. ②We are all excited at/by/about your success in the experiment. ③He was very excited to_be_asked (ask) to play for Wales. ④This has been one of the most exciting (excite)developments in biology in recent years. ⑤Everyone was_excited_that the tour was going to finally happen. 每个人都很兴奋，这次旅行终于要开始了。 4．Now that Helen grasped the key to language, she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could. 由于海伦理解了语言的关键，她非常渴望学习更多语言，并且尽可能学以致用。 ★grasp vt.& n．理解，领会；抓住 |用|法|感|知| ·(“学习生活”主题佳句)After hours of studying, she finally grasped the complex theory, realizing that all the effort she had put in was worth it. 经过几个小时的学习，她终于理解了这个复杂的理论，意识到自己所付出的努力都是值得的。 ·(“动作描写”佳句)He grasped the rope with both hands.　他双手抓着绳子。 归纳点拨 (1)grasp sb./sth./that/wh－ 从句　理解…… grasp sb.by the hand/arm　 抓住某人的手/手臂 (2)have a good grasp of sth. 很好地掌握某事 beyond one's grasp 超出某人的理解能力；为某人力所不及 名师点津 grasp同catch一样，由“抓住”可引申为“理解，明白”。 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①He grasped her firmly by the arm. ②With house prices up, many families with children are finding suitable housing beyond their grasp. ③They have a good grasp of foreign languages. ④I wish that you_could_grasp_this_opportunity to learn traditional Chinese culture further. 我希望你们能抓住这个机会进一步学习中国传统文化。 5．Children who can see and hear learn language easily, but for Helen, it was a gradual and sometimes painful process. 正常的孩子能听、能看，学起语言来很容易。但对海伦来说，学习语言是个渐进的过程，有时会很痛苦。 ★painful adj.令人痛苦的；困难的；疼痛的 |用|法|感|知| ·(“动作描写”佳句)Painful and a bit embarrassed as he was, he still dragged his feet to keep moving forward.　虽然感到痛苦和有点尴尬，但他仍然拖着脚继续前进。 ·(“场景描写”佳句)She cut her finger on a piece of glass, letting out a scream of pain. 她被一块玻璃割伤了手指，痛苦地尖叫起来。 归纳点拨 pain n．　　　　 痛苦；疼，痛；劳苦，努力(pains) have pains/a pain in 　　 ……部位疼 be in pain 在痛苦中；在苦恼中 spare no pains/effort to do sth. 不遗余力/全力以赴做某事 take pains to do sth. 尽力/费苦心/下苦功做某事 名师点津 (1)当pain指“肉体上的疼痛、痛苦”时，既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词；指“精神上的痛苦”时常用作不可数名词。 (2)当pain意为“辛苦，努力；操心，费力”时，常用复数形式。 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain. ②Applying for jobs can be a long and painful (pain) process. ③We should take pains to_improve (improve) ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future. ④We should_spare_no_pains/effort_to_construct a whole harmonious society. 我们应该全力以赴构建全面和谐的社会。 ⑤He has_a_pain_in_the_back,_which makes him painful.　他背疼，这让他很痛苦。 6．When her teacher said that it wasn't, she was confused and disappointed. 当她的老师说不是的时候，她感到更困惑了，而且有些失望。 ★disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的 |用|法|感|知| ·(“场景描写”佳句)She left the restaurant, disappointed with the bad service. 她离开了餐馆，对糟糕的服务感到失望。 ·(“心理描写”佳句)No one answering, he turned and entered the house with a mixture of joy and a little disappointment. 没有人应声，他转身进了屋，心里既高兴又有点失望。 归纳点拨 (1)be disappointed at/in/with ... 对……失望 be disappointed to do sth.　 对做某事感到失望 (2)disappointing adj. 令人失望的 disappointment n. 失望 to one's disappointment 使某人失望的是 (3)disappoint vt. 使失望；使(希望等)破灭 轻巧识记 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①These jobs didn't pay well, and the people felt lonely and disappointed with/at/in their new life in the city. ②Visitors were disappointed to_find (find) the museum closed. ③The response to our advertisement has been somewhat disappointing (disappoint)． ④We were_all_disappointed_at the news that our sports meeting was delayed because of the rain. 因为下雨我们的运动会被推迟了，我们都对此消息感到失望。 ⑤To_her_disappointment,_they didn't visit the West Lake when in Hangzhou. 令她失望的是，她们在杭州的时候没有去西湖。 1．By the time she was seven years old, she still couldn't speak, read or write and needed to have everything done for her. 她七岁时，仍不会说话，不能读书也不会写字，一切都需要别人照顾。 by the time引导时间状语从句，意为“到……的时候”，其常见用法有： (1)by the time＋从句(一般过去时)，主句常用过去完成时。 (2)by the time＋从句(一般现在时)，主句常用将来完成时。 注意：by the end of也有类似用法： By the end of next month, the building will have been completed. 到下个月末，这栋楼将已竣工。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句法训练”弄明句式结构(单句语法填空) ①By the time he got married, he had_studied (study) history for ten years. ②By the time I graduate next year, I will_have_lived (live) here for five years. (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ③等玛丽到家时，她的阿姨将已经去伦敦参加会议了。 By_the_time Mary gets home, her aunt will_have_left_for_London to attend a meeting. ④当我们到达影院时，电影已经开始10分钟了。 By_the_time we arrived at the cinema, the film had_been_on for ten minutes. 2．It was the first time Helen had understood such a complex word — a word for something she couldn't touch.　那是海伦第一次明白这样一个复杂词语的意思——一个她触摸不到的抽象词语。 (1)It/This/That is the＋序数词＋time＋that从句，意为“这/那是第……次做某事”，that从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时。当主句的谓语动词是was时，从句用过去完成时。 (2)It is (high) time that sb. did/should do ...意为“到某人该做……的时候了”，从句谓语动词常用一般过去时或should do，should一般不能省略。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句法训练”弄明句式结构(单句语法填空) ①This is the first time that we have_seen (see) a film in the cinema together as a family. ②This was the first time that I had_experienced (experience) sandstorms and I don't ever want to be in one again. ③It's (high) time that we should_do/did (do) something to make good use of time. (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ④那是他第一次独自旅行，所以他感到紧张和兴奋。 It_was_the_first_time_that_he_had_travelled_alone,_so he felt nervous and excited. ⑤知道这是你第一次访问中国，我写信给你一些在中国旅行的建议。 Knowing_it_is_the_first_time_that_you_have_visited_China，I am writing to give you some advice on travelling in China. ⑥现在是我们应该采取措施保护海洋环境的时候了。 It_is_(high)_time_that_we_should_take/took_measures to protect the ocean environment. 课文缩写语法填空 根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Helen Keller was an exceptionally special girl who needed a superb teacher. Her behaviour was often ①unbearable (bear) and she was sometimes troublesome, stubborn and angry because she couldn't speak, read ②or write at the age of 7. Anne Sullivan was a teacher and former student at a school for the blind in Boston. She'd had eyesight problems early in life as well so she could relate ③to Helen's difficulties. Anne's technique to teach Helen language was simple and straightforward. Anne ④spelt (spell) words by writing on Helen's hand so that Helen could get a mental picture of the words.As Anne wrote “W－A－T－E－R” on Helen's hand one day, Helen suddenly realised that the ⑤movement (move) of the fingers meant the cool liquid flowing over her hand.This precious knowledge gave her hope and joy. Finally, she got the world of words ⑥opened_(open) up to her. Now that Helen grasped the key to language, she was very eager ⑦to_learn (learn) more and use it as much as she could. This soon led her to discover ⑧more_complex (complex)words and changed her thinking process. She had a breakthrough while ⑨working (work) on a simple task. Helen understood the meanings of “love” and “think” ⑩with the help of Miss Sullivan. [课时检测] 第Ⅰ卷　语言基础训练 (一)单词拼写(7分) (1)Mrs Smith seems particularly enthusiastic (热心的) about the calligraphy exhibition. (2)The store has helped expand (扩大) the British cheese market by encouraging small dairy farmers. (3)Since you can't see clearly, you need to have your eyesight (视力) tested. (4)In mathematics, we use many techniques (技巧) of problem－solving. (5)His lack of experience was quite apparent (显而易见的) to everyone. (6)By the age of two, a child will have a vocabulary (词汇量) of about two hundred words. (7)We have achieved a real breakthrough (突破) in the search for peace. (二)单句语法填空(14分) (8)The young father held the baby gently (gentle) in fear that he would hurt her. (9)Nearly a third of the children were severely (severe) underweight. (10)Clearly, dropping this restriction (restrict) would allow the other species to recover. (11)It is a very beautiful country but I find the heat unbearable (bearable)． (12)If you're expecting Dad to let you borrow his car, you're going to be disappointed_ (disappoint)． (13)The theme of the dialogue should be_related (relate) to the theme of the whole passage. (14)Forecasters say the storms may not be as bad as they initially (initial) predicted. (三)选词填空(20分) point to, in a flash, as well, be eager to, hold up, have a tendency to, with the help of, come out, work on, at that moment (15)I have_a_tendency_to talk too much when I'm nervous. (16)The boss clearly deserved some of the blame as_well. (17)She suddenly held_up a small, bony finger and pointed across the room. (18)Some people are_eager_to buy shares in new businesses. (19)William was able to point_to the progressive changes he had already introduced. (20)They worked_on the building all through the winter. (21)We've grown up with_the_help_of our teachers. (22)In_a_flash he remembered everything and a plan began to form in his mind. (23)At_that_moment a very good thing was happening to her. (24)The rain stopped and the sun came_out. (四)完成句子(8分) (25)By_the_time_she_left_college,_she had been an excellent volunteer. 到她大学毕业的时候，她已经是一名优秀的志愿者了。 (26)This_was_because each sign represented only one sound in their language. 这是因为在他们的语言中，每个符号只代表一种声音。 (27)Now_that_we've_no_money,_we can't buy a new car. 既然我们没钱，我们就不能买新汽车了。 (28)It_was_the_first_time she had left her hometown. 这是她第一次离开家乡。 (五)主题微写作(15分) 英语课上，老师要求大家分组讨论从Anne和Helen的故事中学到了什么。你作为小组代表，请写一个片段阐明小组的观点。 参考范文： From their story, we learn that even in the face of great difficulties, we should never give up.Helen, despite being blind and deaf, was able to achieve so much with the help of Anne.This shows us that with determination and the right support, we can overcome any obstacle.Their relationship also teaches us the power of friendship and the importance of having someone who believes in us. 第Ⅱ卷　语篇综合训练 (标语篇配有教师讲评课件) 完形填空() Do you ever feel like an outsider? An outsider is not a strange person without friends.__1__， they are someone who challenges accepted values and perspectives.The education system teaches you to think __2__.However, brilliant work is always unconventional.The self－taught may produce fresh and __3__ work. Everything was against Eileen Gray.In the 1920s, you needed strict qualifications to become an architect.Men strictly __4__ access to academic courses.Eileen Gray __5__ to accept the conventional rules presented to her.No one in the system would help her, so she helped herself.Gray rolled up her sleeves, picked up a hammer and nails, and made her __6__ a reality.She taught herself the __7__ an architect needed from books and evening classes.Gray recognized that other architects' work was predictable because they were insiders __8__ the design rules of the profession.The famous architecture companies __9__ the same old designs and practices.She realized if she did things __10__ she would stand out. Imagine someone without __11__ to build a house from the very beginning: attracting the finance, producing detailed plans of electrical circuits, plumbing, and __12__ form, and then making it.In 1926, Gray began building a house near Monaco.It was called E－1027, a white beacon of enlightenment (启蒙灯塔)．E－1027 immediately __13__ international recognition as a masterpiece, and lots of design tasks flooded in.Her __14__ shocked architects who had spent years studying at university.Gray's __15__ to think and act independently contributed to her great success. 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了艾琳·格雷成功建造了著名的 E－1027。她的成功源于对独立思考的坚定信念，展现了个性和创新在建筑设计中的重要性。 1．A.Otherwise　　　　　 B．Therefore C．Instead D．Moreover 解析：选C　根据上文“An outsider is not a strange person without friends.”和下文“they are someone who challenges accepted values and perspectives”可知，局外人不是一个没有朋友的奇怪的人，而是挑战被接受的价值观和观点的人。 2．A.conventionally B．independently C．carefully D．constantly 解析：选A　根据下文“However, brilliant work is always unconventional.”可知，卓越的工作总是不按常规。此处与下文构成转折，表示教育体系教导你以传统方式思考。 3．A.individual B．challenging C．repetitive D．innovative 解析：选D　根据上文“The self－taught may produce fresh”和后文“work”可知，自学者可能会产生新颖而创新的作品。 4．A.prevented B．controlled C．established D．provided 解析：选B　根据上文“In the 1920s, you needed strict qualifications to become an architect.”和“strictly”可推知，在20世纪20年代，成为一名建筑师需要严格的资格，而男性严格控制着对学术课程的准入。 5．A.hesitated B．attempted C．refused D．failed 解析：选C　根据上文“In the 1920s, you needed strict qualifications to become an architect.”和下文“Gray rolled up her sleeves ... from books and evening classes.”可知，她拒绝接受传统的束缚，拒绝接受摆在她面前的传统规则。 6．A.memory B．interest C．life D．vision 解析：选D　根据上文“Gray rolled up her sleeves, picked up a hammer and nails”和下文“She taught herself the ________an architect needed from books and evening classes.”可知，格雷把她的设想变成了现实。 7．A.demands B．skills C．standards D．opportunities 解析：选B　根据上文“Men strictly ________ access to academic courses.”和“taught herself”可知，此处Gray自学了建筑师所需的技能。 8．A.turning to B．applying to C．sticking to D．adapting to 解析：选C　根据上文“Gray recognized that other architects' work was predictable”和下文“the design rules of the profession”可知，其他建筑师的作品很容易预测，因为他们严格遵循职业设计规则。 9．A.repeated B．assessed C．proved D．replaced 解析：选A　根据下文“the same old designs and practices”可知，知名的建筑公司一直在重复相同的旧设计和做法。 10．A.differently B．separately C．enthusiastically D．reasonably 解析：选A　根据上文“The famous architecture companies ________ the same old designs and practices.”和下文“would stand out”可知，她意识到如果她不遵循传统的设计规则，以不同的方式设计，她会脱颖而出。 11．A.insurance B．connection C．testing D．training 解析：选D　根据上文“She taught herself the ________ an architect needed from books and evening classes.”可知，Gray并没有接受正规的建筑师培训。 12．A.educational B．artistic C．structural D．technical 解析：选C　根据上文“build a house from the very beginning: attracting the finance, producing detailed plans of electrical circuits, plumbing”可知，Gray独自设计电路、水管和结构图。 13．A.gained B．sought C．deserved D．sustained 解析：选A　根据下文“international recognition as a masterpiece, and lots of design tasks flooded in”可知，E－1027立即被国际认可为杰作。 14．A.treatment B．achievement C．adjustment D．advancement 解析：选B　根据上文“It was called E－1027 ...lots of design tasks flooded in.”和下文“shocked architects who had spent years studying at university”可知，她的成就震惊了在大学学习了多年的建筑师。 15．A.anxiety B．curiosity C．confidence D．freedom 解析：选C　根据下文“think and act independently contributed to her great success”可知，自信促成了她的巨大成功。 133 / 134 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$