UNIT 4 单元语基盘查与仿真训练评价(Word教参)-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（北师大版）

UNIT 4　单元语基盘查与仿真训练评价 测评卷(一)　单元语基盘查 Ⅰ.在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式——词性转换(30分) (1)Someone who is humorous (humour) can enjoy a joke from time to time. (2)Fortunately (fortunate), he got injured slightly in the accident. (3)Victor's facial (face) expression didn't change after he heard the news that his son won the first prize in the competition. (4)Terrified (terrify) at the blood, the woman fainted. (5)We wanted to give young people experiences which will potentially (potential) be life－changing and broaden their outlook. (6)She asked the teacher innocently (innocent) if she had done something wrong. (7)A really faithful (faith) friend can give you a helping hand when you are in trouble. (8)In addition to many scientific (science) publications, he has published four collections of poems and several books of essays. (9)We use the machine to make thousands of measurements (measure) every day. (10)The delivery man found the parcel loosely (loose) wrapped, so he wrapped it again. (11)Talented (talent) and productive, the worker is often praised by his boss. (12)Exercise is the ideal way to relieve tension (tense) after a hard day. (13)I accidentally (accident) met with an old friend of mine on my trip to Beijing. (14)He was astonished (astonish) to discover the opposite was true. (15)He is firmly convinced (convince) of the possibility of life on other planets. Ⅱ.在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式——动词形式变化(32分) (16)When Tom went for the third operation, he pretended to_be (be) very strong. (17)The children had_consumed (consume) all the hot dogs and hamburgers when I came in. (18)Criticised (criticise) by her mother frequently, the girl gradually lost confidence. (19)We should learn to_interact (interact) with others face to face. (20)The manager has made great efforts to_enhance (enhance) his reputation. (21)She swung (swing) her legs from side to side when she listened to the music. (22)The bridge suddenly collapsed (collapse), causing two cars to fall into the river. (23)Snow is_forecast (forecast) for tomorrow so we should protect the flowers outside from being ruined. (24)Look! Your arm is_bleeding (bleed)．Let me bandage up the wound. (25)Hearing his son's angry words, he screamed (scream) and fainted. (26)The patient had his eyes examined (examine) and then was diagnosed with cataract (白内障)． (27)Yesterday she announced (announce) to her family that she would marry. (28)The wisdom of these old men deserves passing/to_be_passed (pass) on. (29)The original songs by the singer keep the public amused (amuse)． (30)“Maybe I could go as Superman，” he whispered (whisper) to his mom just now. (31)They demanded to_know (know) the truth but were refused. Ⅲ.写出黑体部分在具体语境中的词性和含义——熟词生义(20分) (1)I'll give you till tomorrow to chew the problem over. v.细想 (2)When her mother refused her request, the little girl pursed up her lips. v.噘起 (3)Her latest publication is a fine piece of scholarship. n.学问；学术成就 (4)The old man bought a small plot of land to grow vegetables. n.小块土地 (5)The media recognizes the public appetite for serious information. n.渴望 (6)The door swung open again, spilling light into the cell. n.小屋 (7)The agreement will give the UN some muscle to enforce human rights. n.力量 (8)This mistake was made by a very raw worker, who had been in the factory for only a day. adj.不熟练的，无经验的 (9)The novel that mirrors modern society is popular among the college students. v.反映 (10)The pilot had logged over 200 hours in the air. v.行驶，行进(若干距离或时间) Ⅳ.在空白处填入1个适当的单词——固定搭配(34分) (11)His speech is full of jokes at my expense. (12)Don't hesitate to rely on/upon me for help. (13)We are sure to benefit from humour. (14)My little sister shows a talent for dancing. (15)According to the association, 100 million birds a year die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers. (16)His works have a great influence on the world literature. (17)He fell in the river but his friend saved him from drowning. (18)To my astonishment, she remembered my name. (19)The teacher has a reputation for being strict with his students. (20)She gave a series of lectures at Warwick University last year on contemporary British writers. (21)Mr Wang's teaching method is nothing like that of Miss Li, but both I think are good. (22)Dr Johnson is famous for his weather observation. (23)She read widely and began writing at the age of 12. (24)He seemed forced to deal with the challenge of race. (25)The people waiting in line are talking about the rising prices. (26)When it comes to music, he prefers jazz. (27)Laughter has a good effect on/upon us. Ⅴ.根据汉语意思完成句子——单句写作(20分) (28)He didn't explain why_he_was_late_for_the_lecture. 他没有解释为什么听讲座迟到。 (29)The old couple take care of the homeless children as_if_they_were_their_own. 那对老夫妇就像对待自己的孩子一样照顾无家可归的孩子们。 (30)I have many interesting cartoon books, of_which_I_have_read_most. 我有许多有趣的卡通读物，其中大部分我已经读过了。 (31)As far as I'm concerned, what_you_need is hard work. 我认为你所需要的是努力。 (32)After_sitting/being_seated_at_the_table_for_half_an_hour,_he left. 在桌旁坐了半小时后，他离开了。 (33)We were_having_a_meeting_when the power was cut off. 我们正在开会，这时突然停电了。 (34)It_is_two_policemen_who/that are investigating a series of attacks in the area. 正在调查该地区一系列袭击事件的是两名警察。 (35)He is more_than_a_painter;_he is also a speaker. 他不仅仅是一个画家，还是一个演说家。 (36)It_is_difficult_for_him_to_finish the task alone. 他一个人很难完成任务。 (37)That's_why he is determined to be an actor. 那就是他决心要成为一名演员的原因。 测评卷(二)　单元仿真训练评价 第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A If you want to know something about British life, their spirit, and even their humor, watching some classic British films will certainly help.Here are some recommended to you. Notting Hill After the success of his film Four Weddings and a Funeral, writer and producer Richard Curtis captured the essence of being British in 1999's Notting Hill.Set against the background of affluent (富足的) West London, the film became popular for its charming and funny portrayal (刻画) of a British nobody trying to impress a Hollywood star. The Full Monty This 1997 film is a Sheffield－based comedy about six unemployed men who form a group to make money for a better life.Despite its humor, the film dives deeper into some serious issues surrounding working－class culture.The Full Monty is an uplifting film that gives an insight into the work and life of the working class in Britain. Trainspotting Danny Boyle's 1996 comedy－drama Trainspotting is about a group of Scots in the 1980s, based on the book by Irvine Welsh.With a cast of truly great actors including Ewan McGregor, the tale impressed the audience globally.It rapidly became a critical success. Monty Python's Life of Brian Featuring a jam－packed cast of comedic stars, Monty Python's Life of Brian tells the story of a young man who is in a case of mistaken identity.The film reflects the unusual and wonderful British sense of humor.As a film guaranteed to entertain, Monty Python's Life of Brian is not to be missed by those looking for an insight into what makes the British laugh. 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四部可以帮助了解英国人的生活、精神和幽默的英国电影。 1．What can the audience learn about by watching Notting Hill? A．Hardships of comedic stars. B．Reflection of rich West London. C．Unique experiences of some Scots. D．Daily life of the working class. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据Notting Hill中“Set against the background of affluent West London, the film became popular for its charming and funny portrayal of a British nobody trying to impress a Hollywood star.”可知，通过观看电影《诺丁山》，观众可以了解富裕的西伦敦的情况。 2．What can the movie Monty Python's Life of Brian give the audience? A．Cry and tears. B．Ambition and energy. C．Laughter and happiness. D．Anger and excitement. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据Monty Python's Life of Brian中“As a film guaranteed to entertain, Monty Python's Life of Brian is not to be missed by those looking for an insight into what makes the British laugh.”可知，这部电影会给观众带来笑声和欢乐。 3．Where is the text most probably from? A．A travel journal. B．A movie recommendation. C．A biography. D．A news report. 解析：选B　推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段可知，本文主要介绍了四部可以帮助了解英国人的生活、精神和幽默的英国电影。文章主要涉及电影娱乐，因此很可能出自一份电影推荐单。 B I loved watching comedians on television as a kid.I'd hear a joke and ask myself: Why it got a laugh？What made it work? Could I ever make it as a comedian? But first I had to finish school and earn a living. After graduation, I worked as an accountant, managing the petty cash in the drawer.It was in this area that I developed my own very odd theory of accounting: if you got a couple of dollars, everything was okay (The theory never really caught on)．Every day I'd have to check what was in the drawer with the receipts.It never balanced.At first I'd be tearing my hair out until I found the balance.Finally, one day I pulled the amount I was short of from my pocket and called it a day.Mr Hutchinson, head of accounting, discovered my shortcut to balancing petty cash.He lectured me, “These are not sound accounting principles.” I said, “I'm not cut out for accounting.Why would you pay me $6 an hour to spend four hours finding $1.40？” Meanwhile, I often called my friend Ed Gallagher to kill boring afternoons, imitating things from my everyday world and identifying myself as plant manager of a yeast factory.“Sir, it is Mr Tomkins.We have a problem at your yeast factory.There's a fire.I'd like you to hold on.Are you still there？” Ed Gallagher heard the routines and offered to provide the money to record them and send them to radio stations.Three wrote back asking how much we wanted.Soon I was on the air. Being a comedian is out of place with my intention, though.I left the world of accounting and took a series of part－time jobs to get me through，hoping for a big chance. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者从小喜欢看喜剧，反思自己能否成为一名喜剧演员。大学毕业后，作者当起了会计，但还是喜欢幽默且富有想象力。 4．Why did the author love watching comedians on television? A．He just wanted to be a comedian as they were. B．He wanted to make a living as a comedian. C．He was curious about their way of humour. D．He was good at thinking and raising questions. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I loved watching comedians ...as a comedian？”可知，作者喜欢看电视上的喜剧演员是因为对他们幽默的方式很好奇。 5．How did the author practice his odd theory of balancing? A．He stole the receipts to balance the account. B．He got enough dollars to keep everything okay. C．He contributed his own money to the drawer. D．He adopted a sensible and simple principle. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“After graduation, I worked as ...from my pocket and called it a day.”可知，作者通过把自己的钱放到这个抽屉里，来实践他那奇怪的平衡理论。 6．What can we learn from the text? A．The head of accounting paid too much for the author's work. B．The author loved being funny and was imaginative. C．The author would patiently find the balance at the beginning. D．The author's record of the routines was a complete failure. 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Could I ever make it as a comedian？”以及第三段中的“Meanwhile，I often called my friend ...plant manager of a yeast factory.”可推知，作者喜欢幽默且富有想象力。 7．What's the writing style of the text? A．Humorous.　　　　　　 B．Critical. C．Ridiculous. D．Serious. 解析：选A　写作手法题。根据第二段中的“I said，‘I'm not cut out for accounting.Why would you pay me $6 an hour to spend four hours finding $1.40？’”以及第三段内容可推知，这篇文章的写作手法是幽默的。 C Former British Prime Minister Winston Churchill once said that the British are the only people who like to be told how bad things are.This is true of British comedy.Most people think humour is about happy things, but for the British, the opposite is true.We love to use our sense of humour to complain and be negative. British comedy, for example, draws a fine line between comedy and tragedy.The Office is a TV show, famous for its dry humour.The main character, David Brent, is a foolish man, and the show's comedy comes from his delusions.For example, he often tells himself that he is loved by everyone but the viewers can see that everyone hates him. Stupid characters for the audience to laugh at are an old tradition in Britain.In Shakespeare's play Twelfth Night, the character Malvolio is an old man whom people play tricks on.The audience will laugh away, although the reality is that this man is a truly tragic individual. This side of British humour is reflected in friendships as well.At university, my friends and I would always laugh at one another.I had an American friend who actually found this sarcasm (挖苦) quite upsetting.She didn't realise that in Britain, the better friends you are with someone, the more you laugh at him or her.This way — laughing at everything — may sound rather depressing, but our strange humour played a big part in British history.In the Second World War, along with a stiff upper lip, the British got through it by laughing.What else was there to do? There is a saying in English: “Laugh and the world laughs with you; weep and you weep alone.” If you are ever on the receiving end of British sarcasm, you may feel like crying, but it's best to just laugh it off! 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英式幽默在文化和生活中的体现，以及我们应该如何回应这种幽默。 8．How is British humour different from others? A．It often concerns human nature. B．It is often surprising and negative. C．It is often about the bad things in life. D．It often makes people feel depressed. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Most people think humour is about happy things, but for the British, the opposite is true.”可知，大多数人认为幽默是关于开心的事情，但对英国人来说恰恰相反。 9．What does the underlined word “delusions” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Strong abilities.　　　　 B．Kind gestures. C．Wrong beliefs. D．Deep doubts. 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据画线词后所举的例子可知，David Brent认为每个人都喜欢他，但观众可以看出，每个人都讨厌他，故此处表示他的“错觉”。 10．Why is Shakespeare's play Twelfth Night mentioned? A．To show one of the best examples of British comedy. B．To praise Shakespeare for his representative works. C．To stress the difficulty of getting people to accept British comedy. D．To prove Britain has a tradition of laughing at stupid characters. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第三段前两句可知，在英国，观众嘲笑愚蠢的人物是一个古老的传统，接下来以莎士比亚的作品为例来证明这个观点。 11．How does the author advise people to react to British sarcasm? A．Learn from it. B．Not take it seriously. C．Forget about the upsetting things. D．Be careful not to make stupid mistakes. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，对于英国人的挖苦嘲讽，一笑置之即可，不必太当真。 D When I was a child, I always wanted to be a superhero.I wanted to save the world and make everyone happy.But I knew that I'd need superpowers to make my dreams come true.So I used to embark on these imaginary journeys to find intergalactic (星系之间的) objects from planet Krypton, but didn't yield much result.When I grew up and realized that science fiction was not a good source for superpowers, I decided instead to embark on a journey of real science, to find a more useful truth. I started my journey in California, with a UC Berkeley 30－year longitudinal study that examined the photos of students in an old yearbook, and tried to measure their success and well－being throughout their life.By measuring the students' smiles, researchers were able to predict how fulfilling and long－lasting a subject's marriage would be, how well they would score on standardized tests of well－being, and how inspiring they would be to others. Another aha moment came from a 2010 Wayne State University span research project that looked into pre－1950s baseball cards of Major League players.The researchers found that the span of a player's smile could actually assist to predict the span of his life.Players who didn't smile in their pictures lived an average of only 72.9 years, while players with beaming smiles lived an average of almost 80 years. British researchers found that one smile can generate the same level of brain stimulation as up to 2,000 bars of chocolate.Wait — the same study found that smiling is as stimulating as receiving up to ￡16,000 in cash.That's like $25,000 a smile.It's not bad.And think about it this way: 25,000 times 400 — children smile as many as 400 times per day — quite a few kids out there feel like a millionaire every day. So whenever you want to tap into a superpower that will help you and everyone around you live a longer, healthier, happier life, smile. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究表明，微笑给我们带来的好处，能让我们更幸福，更长寿。 12．Why did the author shift to pursuing scientific research? A．He discovered galactic objects during childhood. B．He realized sci－fi couldn't bring superpowers. C．He dreamed of global happiness since youth. D．He embarked on these fictional journeys. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When I grew up and realized that science fiction was not a good source for superpowers, I decided instead to embark on a journey of real science”可知，作者转变到科学研究是因为科幻小说无法给作者超能力。 13．What can we infer from paragraph 4? A．Every child smiles 400 times per day. B．Kids who smile are as rich as a millionaire. C．Smiling is equal to eating 2,000 bars of chocolate. D．Smiling can gain stimulation alike receiving cash. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“British researchers found that ... smiling is as stimulating as receiving up to ￡16,000 in cash.”可推知，微笑可以像收到现金一样获得刺激。 14．What's the author's attitude towards the effect of smiles on people? A．Positive.　　　　　　 B．Doubtful. C．Neutral. D．Indifferent. 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知，作者认为微笑可以帮助自己和周围的人活得更长寿、更健康、更幸福。由此推知，作者对微笑的态度是积极的。 15．What is the text mainly about? A．The journey to finding the truth. B．The hidden power of smiling. C．The secret to a long and healthy life. D．The significance of superhero studies. 解析：选B　主旨大意题。文章首段提出了要通过科学研究来寻找超能力，紧接着文章通过两项研究说明微笑能使人更加幸福、更加长寿，微笑也就是作者寻找的超能力。由此可知，文章主要介绍了微笑的隐藏力量。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Managing Conflict with Humor Laughter is a powerful tool.__16__ Here's how to use humor to resolve disagreements and strengthen your relationships. Make sure you're both in on the joke.Humor can help you overcome conflict only when both parties are in on the joke.__17__ If he or she isn't likely to appreciate the joke, don't say or do it, even if it's “all in good fun”．When the joking is one－sided rather than mutual, it can damage the relationship. __18__ Humor helps you face challenges in life.But there are times when humor is not healthy.For example, sometimes it is used as a cover for avoiding painful emotions.You can be funny about the truth, but hiding the truth isn't funny.When you do that, you create confusion and mistrust in your relationships. Develop a smart sense of humor.Some find it easier than others to use humor, especially in tense situations.If your efforts aren't going over well, start by using self－deprecating (自嘲的) humor.We all love people who don't take themselves too seriously.After all, nobody is perfect and we all make mistakes.So, if you're having a bad hair day, make a joke about it.__19__ Tap into (发掘) your playful side.It's understandable to fear rejection when attempting humor.However, it's important to point out that you don't need to be a comedian to use humor to manage conflict.The point isn't to impress the other person, but simply to lighten the mood.__20__ It can lower the other person's defenses and put you both in a more positive state of mind. A．Some jokes are easy to understand. B．Avoid humor when facing challenges. C．Don't use humor to cover up other emotions. D．So it's important to be sensitive to the other person. E．Therefore, don't be afraid to simply act silly like a kid. F．It brings people closer, managing conflict, and reducing tension. G．Even if the joke falls flat, the only person you risk offending is yourself. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何运用幽默来解决冲突和加强人际关系提供了建议和指导。 16．解析：选F　根据上文“Laughter is a powerful tool.”以及下文“Here's how to use humor to resolve disagreements and strengthen your relationships.”可知，本段主要讲述幽默在解决冲突中的作用。故F项(它能拉近人们之间的距离，处理冲突，并减少紧张情绪)承上启下，符合语境。选项中的“It”指代上文中的“Laughter”。 17．解析：选D　上文强调双方都要能理解笑话，后文提到如果对方不会欣赏这个笑话就不要开。故D项(所以对另一个人的感受保持敏感是很重要的)与上文构成因果关系，符合语境。 18．解析：选C　设空处为主题句。由下文可知，本段讲述了不当使用幽默的情况，特别是用幽默来逃避痛苦的情绪是不健康的。故C项(不要用幽默来掩饰其他情绪)能概括本段主旨，并引领下文。 19．解析：选G　上文通过自嘲幽默的例子来说明自嘲的好处，故G项(即使笑话没引起共鸣，你唯一可能冒犯的人就是你自己)承接上文，符合语境。 20．解析：选E　上文指出，尝试幽默不是为了给对方留下深刻印象，而是为了缓和气氛。故E项(因此，不要害怕像孩子一样表现得傻气)与上文构成因果关系，符合语境。 第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was 5：00 p．m.at the market, the worst time of day to shop.I was there to pick up a few __21__： cream for coffee, eggs for breakfast and medicine for my headache. I'd been rushing all day doing jobs for people, so I did not __22__ to do shopping.But I __23__ persuaded myself it was my last stop before going home to put up my feet.After parking the car, I __24__ a bag in the trunk (后备箱) and found a shopping cart. The market wasn't as __25__ as I had expected.I took a package of flour and some juice.That's when I saw her.She seemed to be 11 months old with blond curls and blue eyes, so cute that I was __26__ to her.Then, I did what I always do with children: I gave her my best smile.That is a __27__ I have kept for long.It started when I had my first child, in that unforgettable and __28__ moment.Sometimes my smile would __29__， but it never left my face for long. I've __30__ that everyone needs a smile sometimes, young and old, even __31__ like the little girl at the market.It took her a while to decide how to react to my smile.Then, her face __32__.When I waved goodbye, she blew me a kiss.That put a smile on my face. I was still full of __33__ when I got home and realized I'd forgotten to get my medicine.However, I didn't __34__ it.My headache was gone. Want to change the world? Try smiling.Someone will smile back at you.I guarantee (保证) it.If you're __35__ enough, maybe they'll even blow you a kiss and make your headache go away. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者用微笑治愈自己头痛的故事，从而建议读者多微笑。 21．A.presents　　　　　　 B．essentials C．favorites D．luxuries 解析：选B　由下文“cream for coffee, eggs for breakfast and medicine for my headache”可知，这些应是生活“必需品”。 22．A.agree B．hesitate C．intend D．wait 解析：选C　由上文“I'd been rushing all day doing jobs for people”可知，作者已经忙了一天，很累了，所以不“打算”去购物。 23．A.firmly B．secretly C．ultimately D．gradually 解析：选C　由下文“found a shopping cart”可知，作者“最终”还是说服自己去购物了。 24．A.grabbed B．prepared C．selected D．emptied 解析：选A　由“a bag in the trunk”以及语境可知，这里指作者从后备箱“抓”起一个袋子。 25．A.modern B．special C．convenient D．crowded 解析：选D　由上文“the worst time of day to shop”以及语境可知，这里表示超市并不像她原本认为的有很多人，所以并不“拥挤”。 26．A.attracted B．related C．introduced D．exposed 解析：选A　由上文“so cute”以及语境可知，这里表示作者被她“吸引”了。 27．A.promise B．habit C．celebration D．routine 解析：选B　由下文“I have kept for long”可知，因为保持了很久，所以微笑也就成了作者的“习惯”。 28．A.terrible B．urgent C．heartbreaking D．life－changing 解析：选D　由上文“my first child”以及“unforgettable”可知，拥有孩子是一个难忘的、“改变人生的”时刻。 29．A.work B．fade C．return D．stay 解析：选B　由下文“but it never left my face for long”中but表转折可知，这里指有时作者的笑容会“消失”。 30．A.learned B．clarified C．predicted D．proved 解析：选A　由下文“that everyone needs a smile sometimes”可知，这里指作者“认识到”有时每个人都需要微笑。 31．A.customers B．employees C．strangers D．witnesses 解析：选C　由下文“like the little girl at the market”以及even表递进可知，这里指像市场上的小女孩这样的“陌生人”。 32．A.hid away B．froze up C．turned away D．lighted up 解析：选D　由下文“she blew me a kiss”可知，小女孩也很高兴，所以这里指她脸上“露出喜色”。 33．A.astonishment B．expectation C．certainty D．joy 解析：选D　由上文“That put a smile on my face.”可知，这里指作者充满了“喜悦”。 34．A.mention B．need C．resist D．deny 解析：选B　由下文“My headache was gone.”可知，这里指作者不再“需要”治疗头痛的药了。 35．A.fortunate B．optimistic C．outstanding D．patient 解析：选A　由下文“make your headache go away”可知，这里指如果“幸运”，微笑会让你的头痛消失。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The humor effect is a cognitive bias (认知偏差) that causes people to remember information better when they regard it as humorous. For example, when students __36__ (teach) a new concept in a humorous way, such as through a funny story, they're generally more likely to remember that concept, compared to if they learn it in a non－humorous manner.Information that has the same effect __37__ concepts includes words, sentences, pictures, and __38__ (mix) information, such as cartoons and videos. Humor has various other benefits besides improving memory. Humor reduces negative emotions, such as __39__ (angry) or anxiety, which people might experience when processing certain information. Humor __40__ (lead) to increased interest.Adding humor to the information that you're presenting can make it more interesting and appealing to others.For example, __41__ (advertisement) that use humor receive more attention from people. Humor, when __42__ (proper) used in the right circumstances, can improve other people's impression of you.For example, __43__ (include) humor in a speech can positively impact the way in __44__ listeners understand the speaker.Similarly, using humor can improve people's impression of your warmth __45__ competence, especially when you combine it with negative information that you need to tell. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在不同情境下，使用幽默的好处。 36．are taught　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，时间状语从句的主语students与谓语teach之间构成被动关系，陈述事实用一般现在时，且主语为复数名词，故填are taught。 37．on　考查介词。have the same effect on表示“对……有同样的影响”，为固定搭配。故填on。 38．mixed　考查形容词。空处修饰后文名词information，应用形容词。故填mixed。 39．anger　考查名词。空处作介词的宾语，与anxiety并列，应用名词形式。故填anger。 40．leads　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。陈述事实用一般现在时；主语为Humor，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填leads。 41．advertisements　考查名词复数。根据定语从句中use为原形可知，此处应用复数。故填advertisements。 42．properly　考查副词。空处修饰动词used应用副词。故填properly。 43．including　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，________ humor in a speech作句子的主语，空处应用动名词形式。故填including。 44．which　考查定语从句。此处为“介词＋关系代词”结构修饰先行词way，空处作介词的宾语，指物，故填which。 45．and　考查连词。此处warmth与competence为并列关系，故填and。 第三部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 假定你是李华，近期收到英国朋友Ben的邮件，请你根据邮件内容，给他写一封回信。 Dear Li Hua， Recently, I'm in a bad mood. As you know, I have a good sense of humor and love to crack jokes.But sometimes, I find it difficult to know when to stop, and it ends up affecting my relationship with my classmates.It's been bothering me a lot.Any advice? Ben 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 参考范文： Dear Ben， I understand your feelings.Sometimes we joke too much without realizing the potential impact on others.Here are some tips to help you strike a balance. Firstly, keep an eye on the reactions of your partners.If a joke lands poorly, stop and adjust your behavior accordingly.And put yourself in others' shoes and consider how your jokes might affect them.Do remember to avoid targeting individuals, and be mindful of sensitive topics.If necessary, offer a sincere apology for any offense caused by your jokes. Humor is a powerful tool, but it's important to use it wisely.I hope these suggestions will be of some help to you. Yours sincerely， Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Alex was a friendly boy, but he had a bad temper and often found it challenging to control his anger.Whenever something didn't go his way or if he felt upset, a fiery anger would build up inside him like an angry monster. One sunny afternoon, Alex went to the playground with his friends, Sarah and Ben.They were excited to play on the swings, slide, and monkey bars.As they started playing, Alex's turn on the swing was interrupted by another child who cut in line.Alex felt his anger rising inside him, and without thinking, he shouted at the child very angrily, demanding his turn back.Sarah and Ben looked at Alex with surprise, scare and depression.They didn't like it that their friend lost his temper like a monster and yelled.They stopped playing together. Alex's anger not only ruined his own mood but also spoiled (破坏) the fun for his friends and the other children at the playground.Feeling ashamed and realizing the consequences of his actions, Alex slumped (跌坐) down on a nearby bench.He saw his friends playing happily without him, and he felt upset at losing control. Alex's memories flooded back when his friends and family were often taken aback by his outbursts.When his best friend, Emily, wanted to play a game he didn't like, he would shout and throw a tantrum (发脾气), refusing to play with her.When his little sister accidentally knocked over his tower of blocks, he would explode in a fit of rage, yelling and stomping his feet. He had lost a lot of friends and hurt his family because of his anger.Now he might lose these friends too.He realized that his mean words constantly hurt the people he cared about.He didn't want to be like a monster anymore, so he decided to find a better way to handle his anger. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 That evening, Alex told Grandma about what had happened.________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ Alex made up his mind to change._____________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 参考范文： That evening, Alex told Grandma about what had happened.Grandma listened attentively, her wise eyes filled with understanding.She gently placed her hand on Alex's shoulder and said, “My dear Alex, anger is a normal emotion, but it's important to learn to manage anger and express feelings without hurting others.” Grandma taught Alex a simple technique — take slow, deep breaths whenever he felt anger creeping up inside him.She also encouraged him to take a moment to reflect on his feelings and put himself in others' shoes before reacting impulsively. Alex made up his mind to change.The next day, Alex encountered many situations that would typically trigger his anger at school.But he chose a different approach.His newfound ability to manage his anger made a noticeable difference.His friends noticed the positive change in him and began inviting him to join activities.With each passing day, Alex's relationships with his family and friends grew stronger.Looking back, Alex felt it was wise to learn to manage his anger with the help of his grandma and create harmonious interpersonal relationship. 附：《阅读·久久为功》 一、背主题名句，写大气文章 1．(教材名句)Laughter makes you ten years younger. — A Chinese proverb 笑一笑，十年少。 ——中国谚语 2．(教材名句)A day without laughter is a day wasted. —Charlie Chaplin 没有欢笑的一天是虚度的一天。 ——查理·卓别林 3．(教材名句)Comedy is simply a funny way of being serious. —Peter Ustinov 喜剧只是一种严肃的搞笑方式。 ——彼得·乌斯季诺夫 4．(教材名句)I don't sit down to write a funny story.Every single thing I sit down to write is meant to be sad. —Lorrie Moore 我不会坐下来写一个有趣的故事。我坐下来写的每一件事都注定是悲伤的。 ——洛丽·摩尔 5．Laughter is the shortest distance between two people. —Victor Borge 笑是两个人之间最短的距离。 ——维克多·波尔格 6．Men show their character in nothing more clearly than by what they find laughable. 没有什么比一个人发现什么东西可笑更能表现他的性格。 7．Humour plays an important part in our everyday communication with others. 幽默在我们与他人的日常交流中起着重要作用。 8．Laughter and humour can melt tension and make everyone feel relaxed. 笑声和幽默可以缓和紧张气氛，让大家感到放松。 二、课文不厌百遍读，书中自有“黄金屋” Lesson 1　What's So Funny？(有趣的小故事) Story A(故事A) cat lapping milk from a saucer in the doorway of a store.He did a double take. [课文对译] 一个著名的艺术品收藏家在穿过城市时看见一只脏猫在一家商店门口舔饮浅碟中的牛奶。他惊讶地又看了一眼。 [难句破解]　 句①：be doing ...when ...(一般过去时)表示“正要做……这时(突然)……”。notice a dirty cat lapping milk是“感官动词＋宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补是现在分词短语。 He noticed that the saucer was an antique and very valuable, so he walked casually into the store and innocently offered to buy the cat for 20 dollars. The store owner replied, “I'm sorry, but the cat isn't for sale.” The collector said, “Please, I need a hungry cat with a good appetite around the house to catch mice.I'll pay you 200 dollars for that cat.” The owner said “sold” and handed over the cat. [课文对译] 收藏家注意到浅碟是件古董，很值钱，于是他漫不经心地走进店里，假装不知情的样子，提出要花20美元买那只猫。 店主回答道：“不好意思，这只猫不卖。” 收藏家说：“拜托了，我正需要一只又饿、胃口又好的猫帮我抓屋里的老鼠呢，我可以出200美元买那只猫。” 店主说了声“成交”，就把猫给了他。 The collector continued, “Hey, for the 200 dollars old saucer .The cat's used to it and it'll save me from having to get a dish.” And the owner said, “Sorry my friend, but that's my lucky saucer.So far this week I've sold 68 cats.” [课文对译] 收藏家接着说：“嘿，200 美元的话能不能把那个破碟子也送给我。毕竟这猫已经习惯了用它，这样也省得我再去买猫食盆了。” 店主说：“对不起，朋友，那可是我的幸运碟。到现在为止，这周我已经卖出去68 只猫了。” [难句破解]　 句②：I wonder if you could ...是一个常用句型，表示“不知你是否能够……”，用于表示说话者礼貌、委婉的请求。 Story B(故事B) Sherlock Holmes and Dr.Watson went on a camping trip.After a good dinner and a bottle of wine, they retired for the night, and went to sleep. Some hours later, Holmes woke up and asked his faithful friend，“Watson, look up at the sky .” [课文对译] 夏洛克·福尔摩斯和华生医生去野营。他们吃了一顿丰盛的晚餐，喝了瓶酒，就准备休息，去睡觉了。 几小时后，福尔摩斯醒了，问他忠实的朋友：“华生，抬头看看天空，告诉我你看到了什么。” [难句破解]　 句③：此处what引导宾语从句，what在从句中作宾语。 “I see millions and millions of stars, Holmes，” replied Watson. “And what do you deduce from that？” Watson thought for a minute.“Well, according to the studies on astronomy, it tells me that there are millions of galaxies and potentially billions of planets.According to the positions of the stars, I observe that Saturn is in Leo.According to the scientific measurement of time, I deduce that the time is probably a quarter past three.According to the current atmosphere, I forecast that we will have a beautiful day tomorrow.What does it tell you, Holmes？” Holmes was silent for a moment.“Watson，” he said, “someone has stolen our tent！” [课文对译] “福尔摩斯，我看到无数的星星，”华生回答。 “那你从中推断出什么？” 华生想了一会儿。“嗯，根据天文学研究推断，现在天空中有数百万的星系，可能还有数十亿颗行星。根据星星的位置判断，现在土星在狮子座。根据科学计时测算，我推断现在大概是三点一刻。根据目前的大气条件，我预测明天天气会很好。福尔摩斯，你推断出了什么？” 福尔摩斯沉默了一会儿。“华生，”他说，“有人偷了我们的帐篷！” Story C(故事C) 　　 Everything had been going wrong for him.He had had problems at work and his wife had left him for another man.So, after he had been feeling depressed for over a month, he decided to go to the doctor. in the doctor's surgery.The bleeding man next to him was looking at his watch nervously; a woman was coughing and sneezing badly; and a baby was screaming.Finally, after he had been waiting for about half an hour, he was called in for his consultation.The doctor was writing a note at her desk when he came in.“Sorry, I'm just finishing something.I'm afraid we've been very busy this morning.” She then turned to the man.“So, what's the problem？” she asked. [课文对译] 一个中年男子觉得非常沮丧。最近他诸事不顺。他在工作上遇到了问题，妻子又跟别的男人跑了。在沮丧了一个多月后，他决定去看医生。他在诊室里等着，像是等了几个世纪。旁边的男人在流血，紧张地看着手表；一个女人使劲咳嗽、打喷嚏；还有个婴儿在哭闹。等了半小时后，终于叫到他去就诊了。他进去时医生正在办公桌上写便条。“抱歉，我刚忙完别的事，今天上午很忙。”之后她转向中年人问道，“你怎么了？” [难句破解]　 句④：feel在本句中是状态动词，用于进行时，表示某人暂时的心理状态。 句⑤：此处what引导宾语从句，what在从句中作主语。 “Well, I've been having a bit of a crisis, you know, lots of problems，” replied the man.“And I've been doing a lot of work.” “Mmm, you're looking very pale.” The doctor started to examine him.“Well, everything is working OK，” she announced afterwards.“You have slightly high blood pressure and you're breathing quite heavily, but otherwise everything's fine.” [课文对译] “是这样的，我最近遭遇了一点危机，嗯，是出现了很多问题，”那人回答道，“而且我工作一直很忙。” “嗯，你脸色很苍白。”医生开始给他检查。“不过一切正常，”她检查后说道。“除了血压有点高，呼吸有些沉重，其他方面都正常。” “So what can I do？” asked the man.“I'm going on a trip soon.I will be working in the United States for three months.This time next week, I'll be arriving in New York.” The doctor thought for a while.“ That would do you a lot of good.A circus is performing in town.Why don't you go to see it? who'll really make you laugh.His name's Grock.” “I am Grock，” replied the man sadly. [课文对译] “那我该怎么办？”那人问道。“我很快就要出差了，要在美国连续工作三个月。下星期的这个时候，我就去纽约了。” 医生想了一会儿。“我觉得你需要开怀大笑，笑出来对你很有好处。城里刚好有马戏团表演，你怎么不去看看呢？我听说马戏团里有个很棒的小丑，叫格罗克，他肯定能逗笑你。” “可我就是格罗克，”那人悲伤地回答。 [难句破解]　 句⑥：I think后面是宾语从句，在从句中what引导主语从句，what在该从句中作宾语。 句⑦：此处who引导定语从句，修饰先行词clown; make you laugh为 make sb.do sth.结构，意为“使某人做某事”。 Lesson 3　My Favourite Comedian(我最喜欢的喜剧演员) Text 1　Mr Bean (憨豆先生) Mr Bean is an internationally recognised comedy character in films and TV series.He has a reputation for constantly encountering awkward situations, body language that is universal. [课文对译] 憨豆先生是一个国际知名的影视喜剧人物。他的著名之处在于总是遇到尴尬的情境，使来自不同国家、不同文化背景的观众都觉得非常好笑。憨豆先生的幽默总是通过一连串简单、可笑的动作清晰地表达出来，完全依靠肢体语言这一全世界都能理解的方式。 [难句破解]　 句①：which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的整个句子。 句②：含有两个that引导的定语从句，分别修饰先行词acts和body language。 One of my favourite episodes was Mr Bean in a fancy restaurant.After being seated at his table, Mr Bean takes out a card, writes a few words on it, puts it in an envelope and places it on the table.After a moment, he looks back at the envelope but this time he looks surprised, as if he did not .He opens it to find a birthday card and very happily puts it on the table for everyone to see. [课文对译] 我最喜欢的一集是憨豆先生在一家高档餐厅用餐的故事。在餐厅里就座后，憨豆先生拿出一张卡片，在上面写了几个字，塞进信封，放在桌子上。过了一会儿，他再看那信封，露出惊讶的表情，好像完全不知道它在那里。打开信封后，发现是张生日贺卡，他便高兴地把贺卡放在桌上向大家炫耀起来。 [难句破解]　 句③：as if引导方式状语从句，意为“好像”，其谓语部分使用了虚拟语气。 When he looks at the menu, an astonished look quickly appears on his face.He takes all the money out of his wallet, counts it and puts it in a saucer.He then looks from the menu to the money with concern until he finds one thing that makes him smile.Then he orders a dish called “steak tartare”．When the dish arrives, he is shocked to discover that “steak tartare” is actually raw hamburger.He makes an attempt to eat it, but awful.He cannot hide his feelings, except when the waiters ask if everything is all right.When this happens, he smiles and nods, When the waiters are not looking, however, he busies himself hiding the raw meat anywhere he can reach — the sugar bowl, the tiny flower vase, inside a bread roll and under a plate.He becomes so desperate in the end that he even hides some restaurant's violinist! [课文对译] 看菜单时，憨豆先生脸上立刻露出震惊的表情。他把钱包里所有的钱都拿出来，数了数，放进碟子里。他担心地一会儿看看菜单，一会儿看看钱，最终找到了一种食物，脸上露出了微笑。然后他点了一道“鞑靼牛肉”。可上菜的时候，憨豆先生惊讶地发现“鞑靼牛肉”其实就是生肉馅。他尝了尝，从他那咀嚼的表情就能看出，这东西一点都不好吃。他无法掩饰自己的感觉，除了在服务员问他是否一切满意时。服务员问他的时候，他笑着点点头，装作一切都好的样子。然而，当服务员没有注意的时候，他却忙着把生肉藏到任何地方——糖碗、小花瓶、小面包卷里和盘子下面。最后他无计可施，居然把一部分生肉藏在旁边女士的钱包里，塞进餐厅小提琴手的裤子里！ [难句破解]　 句④：在it is clear that ...句型中，it作形式主语，that从句是真正的主语。from the look ...as he is chewing作状语。 句⑤：现在分词短语作伴随状语。 句⑥：so ...that ...意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，从句中sitting near him是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词a woman。 I like to watch Mr Bean on TV but I wouldn't want to meet someone like him in real life, and I certainly wouldn't want to have dinner with him! [课文对译] 我喜欢看电视里的憨豆先生，却不希望在现实生活中遇到像他这样的人，更不想和他共进晚餐！ Text 2　The Contemporary Chaplin (当代卓别林) Rowan Atkinson is an English actor, comedian and screenwriter.In Britain, Mr Atkinson is mostly famous for many successful TV shows but internationally we know him best as the awkward, clumsy, but always amusing Mr Bean. . then you are in for a surprise.On the contrary, he is nothing like Mr Bean. [课文对译] 罗温·艾金森，英国喜剧演员、编剧。艾金森先生在英国的名气主要源于他参演了很多著名影视剧。但在国际上，我们所熟悉的他是那个尴尬、笨拙，总能把人逗乐的憨豆先生。如果你认为罗温·艾金森和他著名的作品一样，那你一定会感到惊讶。相反，他本人实际上一点也不像憨豆先生。 [难句破解]　 句⑦：if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”；该从句中含有that引导的宾语从句。 Rowan was born on 6 January, 1955.He grew up on a farm with his parents and three older brothers.His father was very strict and did not believe in the value of television. Rowan had a very successful academic career.At the age of 13, he was awarded a scholarship to a boarding school.Later, he studied at Newcastle University, where he attained the highest marks in his year.At Oxford, he obtained his master's degree in electrical engineering.This may explain why he loves [课文对译] 罗温出生于1955年1月6日，随父母在农场长大，家中有三个哥哥。他的父亲非常严厉，不相信电视的价值。 罗温的学术生涯非常成功。他13岁就获得了一所寄宿学校的奖学金，之后就读于纽卡斯尔大学，并以专业第一名的优异成绩毕业。随后，他又取得牛津大学电机工程硕士学位。这也许是他为什么那么喜欢跑车，而且收藏了很多跑车的原因吧。 [难句破解]　 句⑧：why引导宾语从句；该从句中含有“介词＋which”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词fast cars。 When Rowan was young, he had a stutter and to make his speech clearer, he began to speak very carefully.This may be why some of his characters have unusual ways of speaking. As early as primary school, Rowan had already shown a talent for acting, but it was only A key event occurred one day in 1976 when he was playing around and pulling a face in the mirror.“I discovered my face，” he said later. [课文对译] 罗温小时候有口吃的毛病，为了讲话更清楚，他说话格外仔细。这可能就是他所塑造的一些角色讲话方式与众不同的原因。 早在小学时，罗温就表现出了表演天赋，但直到后来在大学时，他才决定当一名演员。1976年的一天发生了一件关键的事情，闲玩之中他对着镜子做鬼脸。后来他说，“那天，我发现了自己的另一副面孔。” [难句破解]　 句⑨：“it was ...that ...”是强调句型，强调时间状语。 John Lloyd, who worked as a producer for BBC Television, says that one rarely meets convinced that Rowan would be more famous than Charlie Chaplin. [课文对译] 英国广播公司电视台的制片人约翰·劳埃德说，遇到这样的天才很难得，与艾金森的合作使他相信罗温会比查理·卓别林更出名。 [难句破解]　 句⑩：who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词John Lloyd；句中的第一个that和第二个that引导的宾语从句都作says的宾语，其中第二个that不可省略；第二个宾语从句中又含有一个when引导的时间状语从句和一个that引导的宾语从句。 三、词汇记忆无诀窍，适时“回首”记得牢 Topic Talk 1．comedy n．　　　　　　　　　 喜剧；喜剧片 2．cross talk 相声 3．pretend vi.& vt. 假装，装作 4．humorous adj. 幽默的，诙谐的 拓展|humo(u)r n. 幽默 5．plot n. (书、电影、戏剧的)情节 6．accent n. 口音 7．imitate vt. 模仿 拓展|imitation n. 模仿 8．facial adj. 面部的；脸上的 9．interact vi. 交流；交往；相互作用 拓展|interaction n. 互动；相互作用 10．anxiety n. 焦虑，不安，担心 搭配|with anxiety 焦急地 拓展|anxious adj. 忧虑的；渴望的 11．well－being n. 舒适；健康；幸福 12．significant adj. 重要的，重大的 拓展|significance n. 重要性，意义 13．enhance vt. 增强；改进；提高 14．referee n. 裁判(员) 15．terrified adj. 极度惊恐的 拓展 16．dizzy adj. 头晕目眩的 17．unbalanced adj. 不平衡的 拓展 18．swing n. 挥动，挥舞；秋千 vi.&vt. (使)摆动；(使)转动；朝……打去；荡秋千 19．collapse vi. 突然倒下 20．embarrassed adj. 难堪的，尴尬的 拓展 21．consume vt. 消耗；吃；消费 拓展 22．confused adj. 困惑的 搭配|be confused about 对……感到迷惑 拓展 23．potential n. 潜力，潜能 adj. 潜在的，可能的 拓展|potentially adv. 可能地，潜在地 Lesson 1 1．saucer n．　　　　　　　　　 杯托 2．doorway n. 门口，出入口 3．antique n. 古董 adj. 古时制造的 4．casually adv. 漫不经心地；非正式地 拓展|casual adj. 漫不经心的；非正式的 5．innocently adv. 装作若无其事地；无辜地 拓展|innocent adj. 天真的；无辜的 6．appetite n. 胃口，食欲 7．faithful adj. 忠诚的 拓展 8．deduce vt. 推论，推断 9．astronomy n. 天文学 10．galaxy n. 星系 11．Saturn n. 土星 12．Leo n. 狮子座 13．scientific adj. 科学(上)的 拓展|science n. 科学 14．measurement n. 测量，计量，衡量 拓展|measure vi.& vt. 量度为；测量；衡量 15．atmosphere n. 大气(层)；气氛，氛围，环境 16．forecast vt. 预测，预报 17．middle－aged adj. 中年的 18．surgery n. 诊所；外科手术 19．bleed vi. 流血，出血 20．sneeze vi.& n. 打喷嚏 21．scream vi. 尖声大叫 n. 尖叫声 22．consultation n. 就诊；咨询 拓展|consult vt. 咨询，请教 23．crisis n. 危难时刻；危机 24．examine vt. 检查 拓展|examination n. 考试；审查 25．announce vt. 宣布，宣告 拓展 26．afterwards adv. 随后，后来 27．circus n. 马戏团 28．clown n. 小丑 29．deserve vt. 应得，应受到 Lesson 2 1．tension n．　　　　　　　　 紧张；焦虑；焦急 2．muscle n. 肌肉 3．physical adj. 身体的，肉体的 4．blood vessel 血管 5．psychological adj. 心理的，精神的 拓展|psychology n. 心理学 6．mood n. 心情，情绪 搭配|in a good/bad mood 心情好/坏 拓展|moody adj. 情绪多变的 7．far－reaching adj. 影响深远的 8．energise vt. 使充满活力；使增强决心 拓展|energy n. 精力；能源 9．immune adj. 有免疫力的 10．cell n. 细胞 11．infection n. 感染；传染 拓展|infect vt. 感染 12．incorporate vt. 把……并入；包含 13．whisper vi.& vt. 悄声说，低语，耳语 搭配|in a whisper/whispers 低声说 14．blush vi. 脸红 15．accidentally adv. 偶然地，意外地 拓展|accidental adj. 意外的，偶然的 16．expense n. 费用，花费 拓展|expensive adj. 昂贵的；花钱多的 搭配|at sb.'s expense 嘲笑某人 Lesson 3 1．comedian n．　　　　　　　 喜剧演员 2．nationality n. 国籍 拓展 3．reputation n. 名誉，名望 搭配|live up to one's reputation 　 不负盛名 4．encounter vt. 遇到 5．amuse vt. 使开心；逗笑 拓展 6．rely vi. 依赖 搭配|rely on 依赖；信赖 拓展|reliable adj. 可依赖的，可信赖的 7．purely adv. 完全地，纯粹地，仅仅 拓展|pure adj. 纯的 8．universal adj. 广泛适用的；共同的，普遍的 9．episode n. 一集 10．astonished adj. 吃惊的，惊讶的 拓展 11．steak n. 牛排 12．raw adj. 生的 13．chew vi.& vt. 咀嚼 14．vase n. 花瓶 15．purse n. 女用手提包；女式钱包 16．contemporary adj. 当代的 17．screenwriter n. 影视剧本作家，编剧 18．mostly adv. 主要地；大部分 19．clumsy adj. 笨拙的，不灵活的 20．creation n. 创造物，作品 拓展 21．contrary n. 正相反，恰恰相反 搭配|on the contrary 与此相反，恰恰相反 22．academic adj. 学术的 23．scholarship n. 奖学金 24．boarding school 寄宿学校 25．attain vt. 得到，获得 26．obtain vt. 获得，得到 27．electrical engineering 电力(电气)工程学 28．stutter n. 结巴，口吃 29．talent n. 天资，天赋，才能 拓展|talented adj. 有才气的 30．mirror n. 镜子 31．producer n. 制作人，制片人 拓展|produce vt. 引起，造成 32．rarely adv.　　　　　　　 很少，难得 拓展|rare adj. 稀罕的，珍贵的 33．genius n. 天才，天赋；天才人物 34．convinced adj. 确信的，信服的 拓展 Writing Workshop &Reading Club 1&2 1．unfortunate adj. 不幸的，倒霉的 拓展|fortunate adj. 幸运的 2．agent n. 代理人 3．demand vt. & n. 要求 搭配|be in demand 需求 拓展 4．loosely adv. 不严谨地 拓展|loose adj. 不严谨的 5．criticise vi.&vt. 批评，指责 拓展|criticism n. 批评 6．log n. 大木头，原木；(事件的)正式记录 7．idiom n. 成语 8．politician n. 政治家 拓展|politics n. 政治 9．bath n. 浴室 vi. 洗澡 四、范文佳作多背诵，写作增分最实用 (一)单元写作任务范文背诵 写作话题 1　“幽默”主题讲座 假定你是李华，你校英语俱乐部准备举办以“幽默”为主题的活动，想邀请外教Mr Smith做个讲座。请你给他写一封邀请信，内容包括： 1．活动时间：下周五； 2．参加人员：英语爱好者； 3．活动意义：培养幽默感，保持乐观的人生态度。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Dear Mr Smith， ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely， Li Hua [推荐范文] Dear Mr Smith， Our English Club is planning to organise an activity whose theme is “Humour” next Friday, and I would appreciate it if you could come to give us a lecture.Those who participate are all English lovers. We intend to help students to keep an optimistic attitude towards life and develop a sense of humour by learning more about humour.With your attending, I think all of us will have a better understanding of humour in different cultures. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours sincerely， Li Hua 写作话题 2　幽默的力量 你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请你以The Power of Humour为题写一篇短文参赛，内容包括： 1．幽默的重要性； 2．幽默的益处； 3．希望大家多一些幽默。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 The Power of Humour ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ [推荐范文] The Power of Humour Humour, as one of the most precious qualities, plays a very important role in our lives.In fact, humour can benefit us in many ways. To begin with, humour makes us feel good.When you say something humorous, it not only relaxes yourself but also entertains others.Secondly, humour can help create harmonious interpersonal relationships.Funny sayings will shorten the distance between people, remove embarrassment and solve conflicts.Finally, humour does good to our mental health.This is because it produces positive emotions and feelings. Just add some humour to your life.The more humour, the more happiness. (二)单元主题优美语段背诵 语段1　老师的鼓励 Jeanie noticed Elsie was depressed and knew Elsie was a sensitive child.She always noticed the quiet girl sitting in the corner, watching her brothers with a mixture of admiration and envy.Jeanie approached Elsie and placed a comforting hand on her shoulder.“Elsie, you are a bright girl with so much potential，” she said gently, “Do not be so hard on yourself.Each person has their own path in life.” Elsie looked up at Jeanie, tears in her eyes.She appreciated the teacher's kindness and understanding. 珍妮注意到埃尔西情绪低落，知道埃尔西是个敏感的孩子。她总是注意到那个安静的女孩坐在角落里，带着羡慕和嫉妒的心情看着她的哥哥们。珍妮走近埃尔西，把一只安慰的手放在她的肩上。“埃尔西，你是一个很有潜力的聪明女孩，”她温柔地说，“别对自己太苛刻了。每个人都有自己的人生道路。”埃尔西抬头看着珍妮，眼里含着泪水。她感激老师的仁慈和理解。 语段2　登台比赛 On the day of the competition, Emily took a deep breath and stepped onto the stage.The audience fell silent as she began to recite her poem, her voice trembling slightly at first.She suddenly saw Sarah looking at her with encouraging eyes.Her confidence grew, and her words flowed effortlessly.As she concluded her poem, the audience erupted into applause.Emily felt a sense of pride and accomplishment wash over her, knowing that she had conquered her fears and given it her all.Her eyes sparkled with joy as she looked out at the sea of smiling faces. 比赛那天，爱米丽深吸了一口气，走上了舞台。当她开始朗诵诗歌时，听众安静了下来，起初她的声音有些颤抖。她突然看到萨拉用鼓励的目光看着她。她的信心增强了，说话也毫不费力。当她结束朗诵时，听众爆发出热烈的掌声。爱米丽感到一种自豪感和成就感涌上心头，她知道自己已经克服了恐惧，并为此付出了一切。当她望着外面一片笑脸的海洋时，她的眼睛里闪烁着喜悦的光芒。 五、主题集群阅读，拓展主题认知 时尚悦读(一)　笑是最好的药 There is an English saying, “Laughter is the best medicine.” Until recently, few people took the saying seriously.Now however, doctors have begun to look into laughter and the effects it has on the human body.They have found that laughter really can improve people's health. Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body.People watched funny films while doctors checked their hearts, blood pressure, breathing and muscles.It was found that It increases blood pressure, makes the heart beat quicker and makes people breathe deeper; it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach, and even the feet.If laughter exercises the body, it must be beneficial. Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on the body.In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students . a funny programme. kind of chemical in the brain which reduces both stress and pain. As a result of these discoveries, some doctors in the United States now hold laughter clinics, .They have found that , making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter. [难句破解]　 句①：it作形式主语，that从句作真正的主语。 句②：who引导定语从句，修饰先行词students。 句③：that引导定语从句； which引导定语从句。 句④：why laughter can reduce pain 为why引导的定语从句；that it helps to produce a kind of chemical in the brain为that引导的表语从句；which reduces both stress and pain为which引导的定语从句。 句⑤：in which引导定语从句。 句⑥：even if引导让步状语从句。 [助读译文] 英国有句谚语：“笑是最好的药。”直到最近，很少有人把这句话当真。然而，现在医生们已经开始研究笑声及其对人体的影响。他们发现笑确实可以改善人们的健康。 人们进行了一些实验来研究笑对身体的影响。人们一边看搞笑电影，医生一边检查他们的心脏、血压、呼吸和肌肉。人们发现笑和体育锻炼有相似的效果。它能提高血压，使心跳加快，使人呼吸更深；它还能锻炼面部、胃部甚至脚部的几组肌肉。如果笑能锻炼身体，那一定是有益的。 其他测试表明，笑似乎能够减轻疼痛对身体的影响。在一项实验中，医生让一组听不同广播节目的学生感到疼痛。忍受疼痛时间最长的一组是听搞笑节目的那一组。笑能减轻疼痛的原因似乎是它有助于在大脑中产生一种化学物质，这种化学物质可以减轻压力和疼痛。 由于这些发现，美国的一些医生现在开设了笑声诊所，通过鼓励病人发笑来帮助改善他们的状况。他们发现，即使他们的病人并不是真的想笑，让他们微笑就足以产生与大笑相似的有益效果。 时尚悦读(二)　健康的生活方式需养成的习惯 , they become more independent and start making their own decisions.However, during this period, it can be easy for some of them to form bad habits.These bad habits, , could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.For example, some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse, which can lead to physical and mental health problems.To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager's life is essential.They must learn to recognise bad habits early and make appropriate changes. To change bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts.There is a famous saying ：“We are what we repeatedly do.” In many ways, our lifestyle is the sum of choices we have made.We make a choice to do something, and then we repeat it over and over again.Soon that choice becomes automatic and forms a habit that is much harder to change.The good news is that we can change, if we understand how habits work. According to modern psychology, we must first learn about the “habit cycle”， which works like this： •Firstly, there is a “cue”， an action, event, or situation that acts as a signal to do something. •Secondly, there is a “routine”， the regular action you take in response to the cue. •Thirdly, there is the “reward”， the good thing or feeling we get from the routine. For example, when we feel unhappy (cue)，we eat lots of unhealthy snacks (routine), .The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle, and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed. To facilitate a positive change in our bad habits, we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them.We can do this by combining the information from our habit cycles with our own positive ideas.For example, we could try to replace a negative routine with something more positive.So, when we feel unhappy again (cue), rather than eat snacks, we could listen to some of our favourite music instead (routine), which will make us feel relaxed (reward)．Aside from changing bad habits, we can also use the habit cycle to create good habits.For example, when we come to an escalator (cue), our normal routine is to ride it, but we could change this routine into something more positive by taking the stairs instead. Many of us try to change bad habits quickly, and if we are not successful straight away, we often become pessimistic and give up.In fact, the most successful way to change is not suddenly, but over a period of time. , “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.” One step seems small, but it is essential.To reach the goal of change, a person must show some discipline and repeatedly take many small steps.After all, it is not easy to break bad habits. For young people, there is plenty of time to change bad habits.However, there is no “magic pill” or delete button that will help you; you have to think about your bad habits and decide on some changes.You have the power to build a happy and healthy life full of good habits! [难句破解]　 句①　as引导时间状语从句，表示“随着……”。 句②　if引导条件状语从句的省略结构，将其补全则是if these bad habits are left unchecked。 句③　过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰a famous saying。 句④　which引导非限制性定语从句，其中又包含了“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。 句⑤　as引导非限制性定语从句，as指代整个主句的内容。 [助读译文] 在成长过程中，青少年会变得越来越独立，并且开始自己做决定。然而，在这一时期，他们中的一部分人容易养成不良习惯。如果任其发展，在他们长大成人后，这些不良习惯可能会导致更为严重的有害习惯。例如，一些青少年可能吸烟成瘾或酗酒，造成身心健康问题。防止此类有害习惯主宰青少年的生活是至关重要的。他们必须学会早早认清不良习惯并做出适当的改变。 改变不良习惯从来都不是一件容易的事情，即使你三番五次地尝试。有句基于亚里士多德哲学的名言：“我们反复做的事情造就了我们。” 从很多方面看，我们的生活方式是我们所做出的选择的总和。我们选择做某件事，接着我们反反复复地做这件事。不久之后，这项选择就变得自然而然，成为一种更加难以改变的习惯。好消息是，如果我们了解习惯是怎么运作的，我们就可以做出改变。 根据现代心理学，我们必须首先了解“习惯循环”，其工作原理如下： •第一是“触发因素”，即一个行动、事件或状况，充当要做某事的讯号。 •第二是“惯常行为”，即你响应触发因素而采取的常规行动。 •第三是“回报”，即我们从惯常行为中获得的美好事物或感受。 例如，当我们感到不高兴时(触发因素)，我们会吃很多不健康零食(惯常行为)，这让我们感到快乐(回报)。这一回报使我们更有可能继续这一循环，从而形成了依赖不健康零食这一不良习惯。 为了促进我们不良习惯的积极改变，我们必须首先审视我们的不良习惯循环，然后尝试去改变它们。为了做到这一点，我们可以把来自我们不良习惯循环的信息与我们自己的积极想法结合起来。例如，我们可以试着将一个消极的惯常行为替换为一个更积极的东西。因此，当我们再次感到不高兴时(触发因素)，我们可以听几首自己最喜爱的音乐(惯常行为)，而不是吃零食，这会使我们感到放松(回报)。除了改变不良习惯之外，我们还可以利用习惯循环来养成良好的习惯。例如，当我们走到电梯前的时候(触发因素)，我们的惯常行为是乘坐电梯，但是我们可以改为走楼梯，从而将上述惯常行为改变为一个更积极的事情。 我们中很多人试图迅速改变不良习惯，一旦没有立刻成功，我们往往变得悲观，继而放弃。事实上，改变不良习惯的最佳方法不是一蹴而就，而是需要一段时间。正如中国哲学家老子所说：“千里之行，始于足下。”一步似乎很小，却至关重要。为了实现改变这一目标，一个人必须展示出一定程度的自制力，不断地迈出许多小步。毕竟，戒除不良习惯并非易事。 对年轻人来说，有大量的时间可以改变不良习惯。然而，能帮助你的“魔力丸”或删除键并不存在；你必须思考自己的不良习惯，选定一些做出改变。你有能力构建一种充满良好习惯的快乐、健康的生活！ 63 / 130 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$