总复习 七选五精练（知识&题型大冲关）-2024-2025学年高一英语下学期知识&题型大冲关（人教版2019必修第三册）

总复习 七选五练习 目录 Unit 1 1 课文词组 1 练习 2 Unit 2 6 课文词组 6 练习 7 Unit 3 10 课文词组 10 练习 11 Unit 4 15 课文词组 15 练习 16 Unit 5 20 课文词组 20 练习 20 Unit 1 课文词组 1. wear traditional costumes穿传统服装 2. dress up in carnival costumes穿上狂欢节服装 3. visit a lantern fair看灯展 4. march along the streets 沿街游行 5. attend the ceremony出席典礼 6. receive congratulations from ...接受来自……的祝贺 7. guess riddles猜谜语 8. watch samba dance 看桑巴舞 9. give performances 做表演 10. set off fireworks 燃放烟花 11. dress (sb) up 穿上盛装；装扮 12. after all 毕竟；别忘了 13. range from ... to ... 包括从……到……之间 14. fade away 逐渐消失；(身体)变得虚弱 15. in spite of 不管；尽管 16. take advantage of 利用；欺骗；占……的便宜 17. have sth in common (兴趣、想法等方面)相同；有相同的特征 18. take place 发生 19. get together 聚会 20. play a role in 在……中起作用 21. to be frank/frankly speaking 坦白说；坦率地说 22. go off 爆炸；走火；离开 23. except for 除……之外 24. set off 出发；动身；启程 25. look forward to 渴望；盼望 26. be different from 不同于 27. have an influence on 对……有影响 28. as if 好像 29. if possible 如果可能 30. fill in 填写(表格等) 练习 Ways to Avoid Overplanning and Enjoy Stress-free Holidays Finding the best gifts for friends and family members, decorating the house, planning a party and hosting get-togethers: 1 . But if you overplan the holidays, it can cause stress rather than happiness they’re meant to create. So if you find yourself in a never-ending loop of struggling for the perfect idea of what the holidays should look like, it’s time to consider the following ways. ·Replace criticism with gratitude. During the holidays, if you are stuck in a cycle of self-critical thoughts — such as worrying that your gifts aren’t good enough or feeling guilty for not decorating as nicely as others, start practicing gratitude. You can make a list of things you’re thankful for or simply think about the good around you. 2 . ·Choose important traditions. Holidays are full of traditions, like annual handmade gifts of grandma-style holiday meals, which foster family connection. But following traditions can be stressful, as people feel pressured to do them in a certain way. 3 . Given limited time, energy and money, sometimes you have to make these tough choices. ·Drop the need for perfection. High expectations often lead to disappointment. Take time to figure out what truly matters — whether it’s spending quality time with loved ones, taking a break to relax, or creating meaningful memories. Just focus on what brings genuine joy. 4 . Embrace simplicity and authenticity to find deeper fulfillment and happiness. · 5 . People put a lot of pressure on themselves and feel like they’ve got to do everything. But the reality is you don’t have to do all the work alone. When buried under pressure, ask others to lend a hand. People feel more involved when they contribute. This not only reduces stress but also boosts the holiday spirit. A．Ask others to participate B．Reduce the stress on others C．These events can bring much joy D．Do not chase an unattainable ideal E．So, think about which ones to keep and which to drop F．All those tasks can make the holiday season stressful G．A positive mindset helps better tackle holiday challenges For some, home is where the heart is. In Azerbaijan, however, the saying goes, “Wherever my carpet (a material for covering floors or stairs, like a big mat) is, that’s where I live.” 1 And the art of carpet making has been part of Azerbaijan’s culture since a very long time ago. Today, carpets are a big part of daily life in Azerbajan. They can be found everywhere: on the walls and floors of homes, restaurants, etc. 2 Its making techniques have been passed down from father to son, mother to daughter, and each carpet has a unique story to tell. In the country’s capital, Baku, the beloved carpet’s most impressive symbol comes in the form of a splendid building. 3 Azerbaijan National Carpet Museum, designed by Austrian architect Franz Janz, sits proudly on the city’s busy seaside walkway. The museum was founded in 1967 by a famous artist and carpet weaver Latif Karimov, who dedicated his life to celebrating and preserving Azerbaijani carpets. It was, at the time of opening, the very first museum of its kind. 4 Those carpets, dating from the 17th century to the present day, come from different areas across the country. Most of them are made using wool from either lambs or sheep, although there are some silk ones which are made only in Sheki, the only silk-producing region in the country. A short distance from the museum is Azerkhalcha, an organization devoted to preserving the age-old tradition of carpet making and supporting the women who devote their life to it. One of them is Sevinj Hajiyeva, who was taught how to make it by her brother when she was very little. “ 5 It’s a lifelong hobby and a source of love,” she says. “I hope to pass on this art to the young.” For Sevinj, through carpets people in Azerbaijan can share feelings and ideas. A．But they are quite expensive. B．Carpet making is not just an art. C．Carpets have been deeply loved in Azerbaijan. D．The museum is one of the biggest ones in the world. E．The museum has the largest collection of Azerbaijani carpets in the world. F．Some of them are made for special occasions: weddings, birthdays, burials, and so on. G．It’s shaped, rather remarkably, like a huge carpet decorated in a colourful and fashionable style. Are you spending your holidays sitting around? Don’t waste your precious days off. 1 You can find things to fill your days, both inside and out, using your mind or your creative energies, or simply hanging out with other people. 2 Simple outdoor pleasures are often overlooked. Not only is a quick trip out of the house refreshing and mood-lifting, but it is also a great opportunity for exercise. If you have been thinking of getting in shape, then go out and jog, walk, or do any outdoor physical activity you enjoy. A walk in nature always brightens the mood. Go on an adventure with a friend. 3 Visit a town you have never been to, or go for a walk in the woods. Remember to practice good safety habits when exploring a new area and take a charged mobile phone with you. Get chores and tasks out of the way. The holidays are one of the few times each year when most people have lots of free time. If you have no pressing commitments with family or friends, consider using your time to finish duties that you’ve been putting off for a long time. 4 Other good ideas include running errands, paying bills, re-organizing your closet, and servicing your car. Get to know more people. If there’s no one around that you’d like to spend time with, don’t forget that you always have the option of making new friends. You might choose to do this at a social hang-out spot like a club, or at an event like a concert. Don’t be afraid to approach and talk to people you meet. 5 A．Step out into the fresh air. B．Pick gentle exercise outside. C．New friendships have to start somewhere! D．Here are some ways to help you sit around. E．Grab a companion and try to find cool places to explore. F．There are many ways to keep busy, even during week-long holidays. G．For instance, if you haven’t cleaned your room; devote an afternoon to it. Wales, a country known for its breathtaking landscapes and rich history, is home to unique traditions that reflect its Celtic heritage. From its language to its music, Welsh culture is deeply rooted in its past while embracing modern influences. One of the most distinctive features of Wales is the Welsh language, Cymraeg. 1 Efforts to preserve and promote the language have led to its inclusion in schools and media, ensuring its survival for future generations. Wales is also famous for its traditional music, particularly harp and choir singing. 2 Male voice choirs, another Welsh tradition, are famous worldwide for their powerful and harmonious performances. 3 The National Eisteddfod, a celebration of Welsh language and arts, is one of the largest cultural festivals in Europe. It includes competitions in poetry, music, and dance, attracting participants and visitors from across the globe. Welsh cuisine, though often overlooked, is another important part of its heritage. Dishes like cawl (a hearty lamb stew) and Welsh cakes (sweet griddle cakes) are staples of traditional Welsh cooking. 4 The Welsh landscape, with its rugged (崎岖的) mountains and picturesque valleys, also plays a role in shaping its traditions. Many cultural events are held outdoors, taking advantage of the natural beauty that Wales has to offer. 5 From its language and music to its festivals and food, Wales offers a unique cultural experience that continues to thrive today. A．It is one of the oldest languages in Europe. B．Another key aspect of Welsh culture is its festivals. C．These foods are often enjoyed during festivals and family gatherings. D．The National Eisteddfod is a modern event with little connection to Welsh history. E．In conclusion. Welsh culture is a brilliant blend of ancient traditions and modern practices. F．Traditional Welsh music is deeply connected to the country’s history and is celebrated in many festivals. G．The harp, considered the national instrument of Wales, has been played for centuries and is often featured in cultural festivals. Unit 2 课文词组 1. carry sb through sth 帮助某人渡过难关 2. tend to do sth 易于做某事；往往会发生某事 3. make choices/a choice 做出选择 4. share ... with ... 与……分享…… 5. be faced with 面对 6. entrust sb with sth 把某物/事托付给某人 7. would rather 宁愿 8. play a key role 起关键作用；充当重要角色 9. be responsible for 对……负责 10. treat sb as 把某人当作…… 11. because of因为；由于 12. in need of需要 13. at times有时 14. be known as作为……而出名 15. first aid 急救 16. pass away 去世；消失 17. in memory of 作为对……的纪念 18. trip over 被……绊倒 19. in tears 流着泪；含着泪 20. in despair 处于绝望中 21. a great deal (of) 大量 22. crash into 撞上 23. make an attempt to do sth 试图做某事 24. succeed in doing sth 成功做了某事 25. be willing to help others乐于助人 26. offer to take on responsibility 主动承担责任 27. devote yourself to serving the people 致力于服务人民 28. hardworking and kind勤劳善良 练习 Today, community service often feels like something you have to do, not something you want to do. Schools require it for graduation, colleges ask about it in applications, and even employers increasingly inquire about it. This trend appears uplifting, because more volunteers mean stronger nonprofits. But I’ve realized there’s a problem: 1 I’ve encountered students who talk about volunteering like it’s a competition. They declare involvement with charity organizations proudly, only to reveal astonishing gaps when questioned further. “I did 100 hours,” one might say, yet struggles to explain the missions of the organizations. 2 When did helping others become about counting hours instead of making a difference? True service isn’t measured in hours or reduced to strategic career moves. 3 Imagine helping build a wheelchair ramp (坡道) for an elderly neighbor so they can leave their house. Or teaching math to kids who can’t afford tutors because you noticed they were struggling. At its core, meaningful service demands emotional investment — the willingness to center others’ wellbeing above personal gain. Reforming this system requires fundamentally rethinking how we evaluate commitment. Colleges and employers must shift from quantitative checkboxes to qualitative assessments. Instead of asking “How many hours did you serve?”, applications might inquire: “What social challenge moved you to act?” or “ 4 ” 5 Volunteer because it is the right thing to do as a human being. If we care more about why we help instead of how much we help, community service can become what it’s meant to be — people working together to make the world a little kinder, one small act at a time. A．It’s definitely about caring. B．This makes me really upset. C．Don’t volunteer because you have to. D．It is determined by who we offer help to. E．How did your service meet the needs of your community? F．How many times a year did you volunteer for charity work? G．When we treat kindness like an assignment, are we really being kind? We are so passionate about what we do. We get to travel this amazing world, make great friendships, make positive changes within local communities and help conserve animals. 1 . It is not a nine-to-five job for us. You will find us available to answer your questions outside of the “normal” hours, be that 6:30 on a Monday morning or 20:00 on a Sunday evening. We also make it easy. You can contact us through online chat, by email, text, social media or telephone, 2 , allowing this once in a lifetime opportunity to all travelers. Over the past couple of years, we have hosted many volunteers and made such a big impact around the world. Here’s the things you should know about us: 3 Not only do our volunteer programs directly help within the local community, but we ensure that all tasks aid the local economy, respect all cultures and support the development of the local infrastructure (基础设施), which is crucial to the long-term future of the city. We want you to have a great time We make sure you and other volunteers have the best time of your lives. The fastest and most efficient way for us to grow and spread our programs is by YOU. 4 . That’s why we are so proud of our 5 out of 5 star rating. So, do something different and special when you next go abroad. 5 . Whether you want to help protect the elephants in Sri Lanka, help the disabled in Nepal or teach children in Cambodia, the Mighty Roar can make it happen. A．Reviews are key to our success B．We are committed to conservation C．We have the perfect experience waiting for you D．All of our community programs are sustainable E．That’s the reason why we started the Mighty Roar F．Remember to share those experiences with your friends G．We aim to make our volunteering programs as accessible as possible With busy lives, it can be hard to find time to volunteer. 1 Volunteering offers vital help to people in need, worthwhile causes and the community. But the benefits can be even greater for the volunteers. 2 Older adults, especially those who have retired, can find new meanings and directions in their lives by helping others. Whatever your age or life situation, volunteering can help take your mind off your own worries, keep you mentally stimulated, and add more passion to your life. Volunteering helps counteract (抵消) the effects of stress, anger and anxiety. 3 Nothing relieves stress better than a meaningful connection to another person. Working with pets and other animals has also been shown to improve mood and reduce stress and anxiety. Volunteering increases your social and relationship skills. While some people are naturally outgoing, others are shy and have a hard time meeting new people. Volunteering gives you the opportunity to practice and develop your social skills, since you are meeting regularly with a group of people with common interests. 4 Volunteering increases self-confidence. You are doing good for others and the community, which provides a natural sense of accomplishment. 5 And the better you feel about yourself, the more likely you are to have a positive view of your life and future goals. A．Volunteering provides a sense of purpose. B．Volunteering helps you stay physically healthy. C．It will be easier to make more friends by volunteering. D．However, the benefits of volunteering can be enormous. E．It is a fun and easy way to explore your interests and passions. F．Your role as a volunteer can also give you a sense of pride and identity. G．Helping others can have a huge effect on your psychological well-being. World Food Day Food brings people together in numerous ways, from family gatherings to first dates. 1 There are a number of activities to get you involved in the celebration! Make a donation to a food bank or charity. One of the best ways to celebrate World Food Day is by giving food to people who need it the most. Most food banks are happy to accept food or money. The sort of food that is in a typical food parcel includes cookies, rice, canned fruit, vegetables, and meat and so on. 2 There are many different ways you can go about this, from fundraising events to sponsored activities. 3 World Food Day might be a great time to understand where food comes from by visiting a local farm or dairy, or even visiting an open kitchen restaurant to see the time and effort that goes into creating such delicious food. Attend a World Food Day event. A number of different events take place on World Food Day, so it is worth looking into these to see if there is anything going on in your local area. This includes everything from concerts and contests to cultural performances, exhibitions, hunger marches, and marathons. There may be nothing going on locally. 4 Learn more about countries around the world. Countries all around the world need help because they are battling starvation, such as Kenya, where a large number of children are going hungry. A lot of different charities work hard to ensure they have the food they need to survive. 5 More than 150 countries participate in it, and there are conferences and different events that happen all around the world. A．Know where food goes. B．Visit a farm or food producer. C．Why not host the event yourself? D．It is also a great time to donate to a charity. E．Why not support these charities to save lives? F．World Food Day celebrates many amazing foods. G．It is worth researching how countries honor this day. Unit 3 课文词组 1. 1. head to (朝……)前进；(向……)去 2. seek one's fortune 寻找成功致富之路；闯世界 3. earn a living 谋生 4. bring about 导致；引起 5. series of 一系列或一连串(事件) 6. apart from 除了……外(还)；此外 7. a mix of ……的混合 8. join ... to ... 把……和……连接起来 9. a bit of 一点 10. can't wait (to do sth) 迫不及待(做某事) 11. to name but a few 仅举几例 12. (at) first hand 第一手；亲自 13. a tourist draw 旅游景点 14. all year round 一整年；全年 15. turn into 变成；成为 16. the majority of 大多数 17. in real life 在现实生活中 18. a range of/varieties of 各种各样的 19. be located in/on 位于……；坐落于…… 20. be home to ... ……的栖息地/产地/家园 练习 Coffee and tea are popular drinks. Although coffee is often famous for its rich flavors and high-energy capacity, tea might be the better choice for your next cup. 1 Caffeine can sharpen focus and increase alertness for some, but for others, the side effects of overconsumption like sleeplessness can outweigh the alertness for some, but for others, the side effects of overconsumption like sleeplessness can outweigh the benefits. “The side effects of caffeine really are the primary reason why you might want to get away from coffee,” says Alexis Supan, a registered dietitian at the Cleveland Clinic, in Cleveland Ohio. 2 A typical cup of tea contains 20 — 60 milligrams of caffeine, depending on the type, compared to the 80 — 100 milligrams of caffeine in an average cup of coffee. Herbal teas — which are naturally caffeine-free — can also be a soothing alternative. Chamomile (洋甘菊), for example, is known for its calming effects. Both coffee and tea are rich in plant-based chemicals that promote health — but tea stands out for its particularly diverse range of antioxidants (抗氧化剂). 3 Green tea, for example, is rich in epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a powerful antioxidant that supports heart health and may slow aging. One of the major differences between coffee and tea is the presence of L-theanine. Found primarily in tea leaves, this chemical can make people feel more alert, without making them feel alarmed. 4 Finally, the choice between coffee and tea often comes down to personal taste and lifestyle. “Drink what you prefer. If you like both, drink both, because you’re going to get slightly different benefits from both,” says Evangeline Mantzioris, a dietitian at the University of South Australia. “ 5 ” But for those seeking a gentler caffeine kick and a boost in antioxidants, tea may just be the healthier option. A．Here’s where tea shines. B．It’s all about the dietary pattern. C．One reason for this is its lower caffeine content. D．L-theanine is known for its notable effects on heart health. E．So drinking tea helps reduce anxiety and make you feel good. F．You get more benefits from tea, because of the combination of the two. G．Such chemicals are linked to lower risks of heart disease and even cancer. It might sound rather odd to picture ancient Mayans celebrating their birthdays with carefully decorated tortillas (玉米饼) instead of cakes. 1 The initial “birthday treats” were far from what we have today and didn’t even carry the name “birthday treats”. 2 Back then, only the upper class could afford to mark the occasion with something special. That’s how tortillas became linked to important events. Ancient Mayans are considered the originators of the birthday celebration tradition. And the ancient Aztecs adopted this custom but creatively thought that adding some unique spices to the tortillas would make the celebration more memorable. So they prepared tortillas with special blends of spices and presented them as offerings. 3 It wasn’t just the ancient Mayans and Aztecs who celebrated with special food items. 4 And it’s thought that the original form of their birthday treat had a deep connection with their religious beliefs. In ancient China, rather than just birthdays, all sorts of festivals and ceremonies were celebrated with delicious food. However, for birthdays, there was a preference for long noodles, symbolizing a long life, and it was mainly the elderly who were celebrated in a grander way. Modern birthday celebrations are said to have been influenced by a combination of different cultures over time. In some Western countries, on the day of a child’s birthday, he or she will get a beautifully wrapped gift along with a cake adorned with colorful candles equal to the child’s age. 5 The birthday child will silently make a wish, attempt to blow out all the candles in one go, and then start enjoying the cake. A．Tortillas became birthday treats worldwide. B．Ancient Chinese also had their own distinct traditions. C．Instead, they were a symbol of the upper social class. D．But they were the first to come up with the idea of such a celebration. E．They also added colorful toppings to make the tortillas more appealing. F．These candles are seen as a symbol of the passing years and new hopes. G．Children would be excited to see the candles and make their wishes. On the National Day last week, I invited my friend Jack to attend the Food festival held in Nanjing. When he saw so many kinds of food, he felt so curious about them. 1 . I told Jack that in my childhood, I used to spend time in the warmth of my grandparents’ home, listening to her wonderful stories and greedily tasting bowls of her delicious chicken soup. After leaving my hometown for work in Nanjing, every time I went back home, I took my time over cups of tea, enjoying the perfect marriage of boiling water, ginger (姜), sesame (芝麻) and beans. The association was very amazing. Although I tasted various delicate foods, I still cried out for what mother cooked for me. 2 . Jack said that the combination of tastes and family love lay in everyone’s memory. The feeling of happiness and sense of belonging could become particularly important for people who lived far away from their home. We wandered at the festival and tasted many kinds of food varying from spicy to mild. Jack was attracted by the spicy crayfish. He wanted to give it a try. To my joy, the spicy taste made him let loose rivers of sweat. He cried out for a bottle of icy water to relieve, but it didn’t do the trick. Also, Jack felt puzzled why people threw themselves into long queues for food. I explained to him that it lay in the taste, because the favorite taste could lift their spirits. 3 . We stopped at a food stand selling Spring Rolls, where the maker was taking his time over a delicate one. 4 . The maker told us Chinese Spring Rolls were made of thin dough filled with meat and vegetables, rolled and fried, tasting delicious and crispy. Known as spring pancakes, this traditional delicacy was believed to have started as a special snack to celebrate the arrival of spring. So, to eat Spring Rolls is to follow the custom of biting the spring. In its broadest sense, Spring Rolls refer to a type of finger food that is popular in various East and Southeast Asian cuisines. 5 . It’s a way of preserving history, celebrating traditions, and expressing a cultural identity. Food festivals like these are not just about eating but are a celebration of diversity and a reminder of the universal language of cuisine that brings people together. A．Jack’s initial skepticism about the long lines began to fade as he started to appreciate the anticipation and the shared experience that came with waiting for something truly delicious B．Jack was fascinated by the careful preparation and asked the maker about the details C．I thought the dishes my mother cooked represented the family love for her child D．The dish, to me, was not just about taste but also about the longing and the love that went into preparing it E．Seeing his curiosity, I shared with him the words about some food and the memories that food evoked for me F．As we savored the Spring Rolls, we discussed how traditional food is more than just a meal; it’s a symbol of cultural identity G．And the favorite food could serve as comfort food to enlighten our soul The historic city of Suzhou is crossed with canals. Old whitewashed buildings line the banks. A century ago some of these would have been Chaguans, or traditional teahouses, where locals gathered to discuss the news or conduct business. 1 There are dozens of Starbucks outlets in Suzhou, as well as other coffee sellers. Last year China surpassed America, becoming the country with the most branded coffee shops in the world. The early history of coffee in China is unclear. It is reported that it was Danes who opened the first coffee shop in the country in the 1830s. 2 That was partly because the Qing dynasty looked down upon foreigners and sought to prevent their influence. A century later, Lu Xun, a celebrated author, wrote that he didn’t drink the stuff, “I always thought it was for the westerners.” He and most other Chinese people preferred tea. 3 After China introduced market reforms and opened up to the world in the 1980s, foreign firms such as Maxwell House and Nestle brought instant coffee to the country. They catered to local tastes, making their mixes sweeter and less bitter than what they sold elsewhere. The biggest coffee-drinking group was still white-collar workers in first-tier cities aged between 20 and 40. 4 Today, a wider range of the population is partaking thanks to the rise of domestic coffee chains selling affordable coffee. The leader is Luckin Coffee, with over 20,000 outlets. 5 A cup of basic Luckin coffee is about a third of the price of an equivalent Starbucks offering. Luckin’s sales in China exceeded Starbucks’ for the first time in 2023. Both chains are expanding into smaller cities. A．Starbucks, by comparison, has 7,300 shops. B．China is home to nearly 50,000 such outlets. C．Unfortunately, the drink didn’t catch on then. D．It was totally a different story fifty years later. E．Holding a Starbucks cup became a status symbol for them. F．This marked the beginning of a new era for coffee in China. G．Today visitors are more likely to find shops serving a different kind of drink. Unit 4 课文词组 1. be curious about 好奇 2. carry on 继续做，坚持干 3. on board 在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上 4. in the hope of doing sth 抱着……的希望 5. find out 弄懂 6. be determined to do sth 决心做某事 7. succeed in doing sth 成功做某事 8. focus on 集中于 9. make sure 确保 10. go wrong 出现问题；发生故障；出毛病 11. so as to (do sth) 为了；以便 12. figure out 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白 13. result in 导致；造成 14. as a result 结果(是)；所以 15. provide for sb 提供生活所需 16. in closing 最后 17. run out 用完；耗尽 18. lack of 缺乏 19. more than 多于 20. all kinds of 各种各样的 练习 Future astronauts could potentially rely on food made from bacteria (细菌) that feed on minor planets, to produce a kind of yogurt. While astronauts on the International Space Station have experimented with growing salad leaves, the vast majority of food consumed in space is transported from Earth. 1 That’s why Joshua Pearce at Western University in Ontario, Canada, decided to try using bacteria to change carbon-containing (含碳的) material from minor planets into eatable food. This process has not been carried out yet on real minor planets. But Pearce’s team has performed similar experiments using bacteria to break down plastic from leftover in army food supply bags. 2 The collective bacteria end up looking something like a brown milkshake and the team has also experimented with drying out this material to produce something like yogurt or even a powder. 3 “We did a nutritional (营养的) research and it turned out to be almost a perfect food,” he says. “It turned out that the bacteria mixture that we were using, more or less, has a third each for the three major nutrients people need.” If the idea is sound, a 500-metre-wide minor planet similar to Bennu, which NASA visited in 2020, could feed between 600 and 17,000 astronauts for a year, says Pearce. 4 A fully working minor planets food project would require an “industrial-sized smart machine” in space. This would take a long time to get everything in place. 5 They plan to start off with coal and then moving to space rocks that have fallen to Earth. A．It would be impossible for more distant, longer-lasting tasks. B．So the researchers hope to test the idea on a lower level in the coming year. C．Future astronauts could soon enjoy a nutritionally perfect diet made from bacteria. D．While that might not sound delicious, Pearce says the bacteria are well-suited for human needs. E．They heated the plastic without oxygen and then fed this to a mixture of bacteria that eat carbon. F．Although there is certainly hope, it is still a very futuristic idea that needs to be thought through. G．The exact number depends on how effectively the bacteria can break down the minor planet’s carbon materials. Without these things, our daily lives would look much different. Some of us couldn’t watch television. Some of us couldn’t figure out how to navigate from one place to another when traveling. Some of us could be endangered by bad weather that we didn’t know was coming. 1 Man-made satellites, of course! Man-made satellites are machines that humans launch into orbit, usually around the Earth. The Soviet Union launched the first artificial satellite— Sputnik 1— on October 4, 1957. The United States launched its first artificial satellite— Explorer 1— about four months later. 2 Would you have ever guessed there are that many satellites up there in the sky, traveling around the Earth over and over again? 3 Satellites like the Hubble Space Telescope, the International Space Station, and the Russian Mir space station help scientists explore space in new and exciting ways. Communications satellites help us communicate with people all over the world. Weather satellites help us observe the Earth from space to help predict weather patterns. Radio and television satellites send us our favorite songs, movies, and television shows for us to enjoy. There’s even a group of satellites that make up the Global Positioning System（GPS）. 4 Satellites are launched into orbits at different distances from Earth. Some may be as close as 150 miles above Earth, while others may be as far away as 20,000 miles or more. When satellites stop working, they become orbiting “space junk” until gravity pulls them back to Earth. Although at least one piece of space junk returns to Earth every day, it’s rare that anyone ever notices. 5 A．What are we talking about? B．How many satellites are there in space? C．So no need to worry that the sky is falling! D．Satellites can be sent to orbit other planets, too. E．Man-made satellites are used for various purposes. F．Without these satellites, we might get lost while traveling. G．Over 3,000 satellites have been launched into space since then. New invention to get astronauts moving in space NASA says that astronauts can lose as much as 10% of their bone density (骨密度) when they’re in space. That’s because there is no gravity for their bodies to push against. 1 . It is a machine that allows them to jump in zero gravity. Jumping in zero gravity would help build up bone density and muscle mass rather than astronauts losing this while in space. 2 . This is to maintain a healthy lifestyle and prevent them from losing too much muscle and bone density. John Kennett, the engineer of this project, says that his machine would cut the works down to just six minutes a day! It will allow astronauts to take part in a short but intense workout designed to build both muscle mass and bone density. John says that jumping is important to maintain good bone density. 3 . So he thinks his invention is the perfect solution. Former NASA astronaut Leroy Chiao says that exercising while in space is very important for a successful recovery once back on earth. He says he would welcome shorter workouts to ensure other duties on the spacecraft can still be completed. 4 . “When you’re jumping on this you can really feel it from your toes right through your shoulders,” she says. Experts say this machine could also save much- needed space on board. 5 . And it’s hoped it will join some astronauts in space by 2026! A．However, jumping in zero gravity is really hard. B．Now, astronauts don’t spend much time exercising. C．Next year the machine will be tested in zero gravity. D．Some people wonder whether the machine will work in space. E．At the moment astronauts spend up to two hours a day, six days a week exercising. F．An engineer from London has found the solution to keeping astronauts fit and healthy in space. G．Tess Morris- Paterson, who has been testing the machine, says the workout gives her full- body benefits. Over the last 60 years, many spacecraft have flown by, orbited and even landed on Mars. But human explorers could work faster and be more flexible than machines. Setting foot on Mars would be a major milestone in space exploration. 1 However, it is difficult to survive this adventure. First, a roundtrip to Mars causes many extra health risks. For one thing, floating in microgravity for long periods weakens bones and muscles. For another, it allows fluid to build up in the head. 2 Luckily, artificial gravity machines could help. Then there’s space radiation to worry about. The Earth’s magnetic field protects astronauts near Earth from high-energy cosmic (宇宙的) rays. Those cosmic rays might raise the risk of cancer and other health problems. 3 This increases the risk of developing the diseases. Taking certain vitamins could reduce the impacts. 4 Since astronauts can’t carry construction materials from Earth, scientists are dreaming up ways for astronauts to use materials on Mars. Long-term visitors would also need plenty of oxygen to breathe. A device on NASA’s Perseverance rover is currently laying the groundwork for a future Mars oxygen factory. Planning a trip to Mars isn’t just about keeping astronauts safe. 5 Humans are filled with microbes (微生物). And spreading those microbes could be bad for the search for life on Mars. As a result, a key part of responsible space exploration is making sure Earth bacteria don’t infect other planets. A．Exploring space always comes with risks. B．It also involves protecting Mars from astronauts. C．They can’t restock like astronauts on the space station do. D．On longer journeys astronauts would face prolonged exposure. E．That’s why certain nations are interested in dispatching humans to Mars. F．This can lead to increased pressure in the eyes and result in vision complications. G．Establishing and surviving in a Mars colony would present numerous challenges. Unit 5 课文词组 1. on the basis of 在某事的基础上；根据某事 2. take out a loan 取得贷款 3. in return 作为回报；作为回应 4. make a bet 打个赌 5. as a matter of fact 事实上；其实；说真的 6. by accident 偶然地；意外地 7. to be honest 说实话；坦率地说 8. ought to 应该；应当 9. care about关心；担心 10. be about to do sth 即将或正要(做某事) 11. have better not do sth最好别做某事 12. show sb out 带某人出去 13. in exactly an hour and a half正好一个半小时后 14. take part in 参加；参与 15. in case 以防；以防万一 16. to ... extent 到……程度；在……程度上 17. on duty 值班；值勤 18. in a ... manner 以一种……的方式；带着一副……的样子 19. in that case 既然那样；假使那样的话 20. be willing to do sth 愿意或乐意做某事 21. the upper class 上流社会；上等阶层 22. to one's surprise 令某人吃惊的是 23. take off 脱下；(飞机)起飞 练习 Discovering your life purpose can be a challenging journey, but there are strategies to clarify your path and find what truly matters. Set meaningful goals. Start by identifying your core values and setting goals that align (使一致) with them. 1 For instance, if you value kindness, you might aim to volunteer regularly. If you care about the environment, you could start by recycling at home and gradually take on bigger projects. Address your fears. 2 It’s important to recognize your fears and question their validity. Are they based on reality, or are they just holding you back? Consider discussing your fears with a trusted friend who can offer different viewpoints and help you find ways to overcome them. 3 Your interests can provide clues about your life purpose. If you’re unsure what your interests are, ask friends or family for their insights. You might already be engaging in activities that reflect your likes without realizing it. Think about what you enjoy and what you’re good at, and consider how these can be incorporated into your life. Start small to gain steady progress. Finding your purpose can feel overwhelming, so it’s important to start with small manageable steps. If you’re considering a career change, for example, begin by researching the field rather than making immediate changes, 4 Build your community. Connecting with others who share your interests in a community can enhance your sense of purpose. 5 Engaging with like-minded individuals can also inspire you to stay committed to your journey. A．Explore your passions. B．Participate in activities. C．Different viewpoints are beneficial to you. D．It doesn’t have to be related to your career. E．Sometimes, anxiety can prevent you from pursuing your goals. F．This gradual approach can help you gain confidence as you move forward. G．Joining one allows you to work towards common goals and provides support. It’s easy to recognize aggressive behaviour. Somebody says threatening things or maybe even uses physical abuse. 1 Simply put, passive-aggressive behaviour refers to behaviour that is indirect and typically results from negative feelings that the individual has difficulty directly — or openly — expressing. 2 The fact that it is often unnoticeable and not direct yet very aggressive causes victims to question whether they are imagining things. They may not understand what is happening at first, which is part of why it can be painful. Here are some signs of passive-aggressive behaviour, along with tips on how to deal with it. Backhanded compliments There’s a big difference between a compliment (“That’s a beautiful dress”) and a backhanded compliment (“That’s a beautiful dress — I had the same one in high school”). One makes you feel better; the other leaves you feeling worse. Then, how can you deal with offense hidden in compliments? 3 You may express to him/her that the offense was hurtful to you. You can alternatively choose to ignore it, but it’s important not to use it as a point of self-criticism. Remember, it’s about that person and his/her inappropriate behaviour — not about you. Refusal to state feelings A person is clearly bothered by something, but when you ask them what’s wrong, they shrug it off or say “nothing”. 4 It may be because they are themselves depressed. It may also be because they are scared of dealing with a negative emotion and don’t have the right skills for approaching it. 5 It is significant to welcome their expression of both negative and positive emotion. When we don’t give them a safe outlet to express their feelings, this can lead them to behave in a passive-aggressive manner. A．What drives people to act so rudely? B．Avoid conflict and let the comment slide. C．For receivers, it can be emotionally upsetting. D．Why do some people keep their feelings bottled inside? E．Share your feelings with someone you otherwise feel safe with. F．This is why it’s important not to tell children to “just get on with it”. G．Passive-aggressive behaviour, on the other hand, is harder to recognize. As technology continues to advance at an unbelievable pace, the role of AI has expanded into our daily lives, influencing how we work, create and even relax. 1 Imagine a world where AI handles your household chores. Smart appliances equipped with AI can sort wash and fold laundry, while others take care of the dishes and clean the floors. These applications can save us time. By freeing us from the routine tasks, AI allows us to spend time and energy on what truly inspires us. 2 It enriches human life by allowing us to focus on what truly matters. AI also has the potential to bring about changes to the way we work, perhaps giving us the opportunity to work less. 3 In this way, perhaps you can trial five-hour workday instead of working the traditional eight. While AI offers numerous advantages, there is a risk associated with over-reliance on these technologies. 4 When AI becomes the primary source of ideas and innovation, the uniqueness of human creativity may be lost. The use of AI in our lives should be approached with a balance between human well-being and creativity. While AI handles the ordinary, humans need to thrive in areas that require critical thinking and innovation. 5 . A．The demand for workplace skills will also improve. B．The balance ensures AI serves humans, rather than as opponents. C．AI holds endless possibilities for more fulfilling life in the future. D．AI can do simple and routine tasks you perform as part of your job. E．Dependence on AI for creative work can decrease human creativity. F．This transforms AI from a tool into an enabler of a more fulfilling life. G．The essence of AI is to take over repetitive and time-consuming tasks. There’s a situation every traveler fears most: waiting at the carousel (行李传送带) until the very last suitcase has been picked up, and realizing yours isn’t there. There are a lot of systems in place to make sure suitcases don’t get lost during air travel. 1 If you have travel coming up and are hoping to avoid this frustrating, potentially trip-ruining situation, we’ve got you covered. Make sure your suitcase is noticeable. If you have a basic dark blue or black suitcase like everyone else, try to place a distinct piece of decoration on it, like colorful luggage tags. 2 Choose direct flights when possible. It isn’t always possible — or affordable — to choose a direct flight. 3 Direct flights reduce the risk of your luggage being mishandled during transfers. If you must have a stopover, try to allow ample time between connections. 4 When it comes to air travel, we’re taught that the earlier you get to the airport, the better. And for the most part that’s true — but checking in too early comes with risks. If you show up four to six hours before departure to check in, luggage might go into a holding area instead of the area for your flight. If this happens, your luggage can get lost more easily. If your luggage does happen to get lost, it’s important to alert the airline as quickly as possible. 5 Sometimes, reaching out to the airline on social media can quicken the process. Many airlines monitor their social media accounts closely and respond quickly to public posts. A．Get to the airport early, but not too early. B．But when it is, it’s wise to skip the stopover. C．This helps prevent someone else from mistakenly taking your suitcase. D．But a tracker can’t technically stop your suitcase from getting lost. E．While basic black luggage will never go out of style, it doesn’t stand out. F．However, due to the fact that we’re all human, it does happen occasionally. G．Provide them with a detailed description of your luggage and unique identifiers. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 总复习 七选五练习 目录 Unit 1 1 课文词组 1 练习 2 Unit 2 11 课文词组 11 练习 12 Unit 3 21 课文词组 21 练习 21 Unit 4 30 课文词组 30 练习 31 Unit 5 40 课文词组 40 练习 41 Unit 1 课文词组 1. wear traditional costumes穿传统服装 2. dress up in carnival costumes穿上狂欢节服装 3. visit a lantern fair看灯展 4. march along the streets 沿街游行 5. attend the ceremony出席典礼 6. receive congratulations from ...接受来自……的祝贺 7. guess riddles猜谜语 8. watch samba dance 看桑巴舞 9. give performances 做表演 10. set off fireworks 燃放烟花 11. dress (sb) up 穿上盛装；装扮 12. after all 毕竟；别忘了 13. range from ... to ... 包括从……到……之间 14. fade away 逐渐消失；(身体)变得虚弱 15. in spite of 不管；尽管 16. take advantage of 利用；欺骗；占……的便宜 17. have sth in common (兴趣、想法等方面)相同；有相同的特征 18. take place 发生 19. get together 聚会 20. play a role in 在……中起作用 21. to be frank/frankly speaking 坦白说；坦率地说 22. go off 爆炸；走火；离开 23. except for 除……之外 24. set off 出发；动身；启程 25. look forward to 渴望；盼望 26. be different from 不同于 27. have an influence on 对……有影响 28. as if 好像 29. if possible 如果可能 30. fill in 填写(表格等) 练习 Ways to Avoid Overplanning and Enjoy Stress-free Holidays Finding the best gifts for friends and family members, decorating the house, planning a party and hosting get-togethers: 1 . But if you overplan the holidays, it can cause stress rather than happiness they’re meant to create. So if you find yourself in a never-ending loop of struggling for the perfect idea of what the holidays should look like, it’s time to consider the following ways. ·Replace criticism with gratitude. During the holidays, if you are stuck in a cycle of self-critical thoughts — such as worrying that your gifts aren’t good enough or feeling guilty for not decorating as nicely as others, start practicing gratitude. You can make a list of things you’re thankful for or simply think about the good around you. 2 . ·Choose important traditions. Holidays are full of traditions, like annual handmade gifts of grandma-style holiday meals, which foster family connection. But following traditions can be stressful, as people feel pressured to do them in a certain way. 3 . Given limited time, energy and money, sometimes you have to make these tough choices. ·Drop the need for perfection. High expectations often lead to disappointment. Take time to figure out what truly matters — whether it’s spending quality time with loved ones, taking a break to relax, or creating meaningful memories. Just focus on what brings genuine joy. 4 . Embrace simplicity and authenticity to find deeper fulfillment and happiness. · 5 . People put a lot of pressure on themselves and feel like they’ve got to do everything. But the reality is you don’t have to do all the work alone. When buried under pressure, ask others to lend a hand. People feel more involved when they contribute. This not only reduces stress but also boosts the holiday spirit. A．Ask others to participate B．Reduce the stress on others C．These events can bring much joy D．Do not chase an unattainable ideal E．So, think about which ones to keep and which to drop F．All those tasks can make the holiday season stressful G．A positive mindset helps better tackle holiday challenges 【答案】1．C 2．G 3．E 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了避免过度规划假期，享受无压力假期的几种方法。 1．上文“Finding the best gifts for friends and family members, decorating the house, planning a party and hosting get togethers(为朋友和家人找到最好的礼物，装饰房子，计划派对和举办聚会)”列举了一系列假期要做的任务，C选项“These events can bring much joy(这些活动可以带来很多欢乐)”承接上文，说明这些活动可以带来很多欢乐，同时与下文“But if you overplan the holidays, it can cause stress rather than happiness they’re meant to create.(但如果你对假期计划过多，它可能会给你带来压力，而不是你想要创造的快乐)”构成转折关系，引出避免过度规划假期这一话题，上下文语意衔接自然。故选C项。 2．上文“During the holidays, if you are stuck in a cycle of self critical thoughts — such as worrying that your gifts aren’t good enough or feeling guilty for not decorating as nicely as others, start practicing gratitude. You can make a list of things you’re thankful for or simply think about the good around you.(在假期里，如果你陷入自我批评的循环——比如担心你的礼物不够好，或者因为没有像别人那样装饰得漂亮而感到内疚，那就开始练习感恩。你可以列一个你感恩的事情的清单，或者简单地想想你周围的美好事物)”建议用感恩来代替自我批评。G选项“A positive mindset helps better tackle holiday challenges(积极的心态有助于更好地应对假期挑战)”说明感恩带来的积极心态的作用，与上文逻辑紧密。故选G项。 3．上文“Holidays are full of traditions, like annual handmade gifts of grandma style holiday meals, which foster family connection. But following traditions can be stressful, as people feel pressured to do them in a certain way.(假期充满了传统，比如每年的手工礼物、祖母风格的节日大餐，这些都能促进家庭联系。但遵循传统可能会有压力，因为人们觉得必须以某种方式去做)”提到传统既有益又有压力。E选项“So, think about which ones to keep and which to drop(所以，想想哪些传统要保留，哪些要舍弃)”针对上文情况提出解决办法，上下文逻辑连贯。故选E项。 4．上文“High expectations often lead to disappointment. Take time to figure out what truly matters — whether it’s spending quality time with loved ones, taking a break to relax, or creating meaningful memories. Just focus on what brings genuine joy.(过高的期望往往会导致失望。花时间弄清楚真正重要的是什么——是和所爱的人共度美好时光，休息放松，还是创造有意义的回忆。只关注能带来真正快乐的事情)”强调不要有过高期望，要关注真正重要的事。D选项“Do not chase an unattainable ideal(不要追求无法实现的理想)”与上文观点一致，承接自然。故选D项。 5．下文“People put a lot of pressure on themselves and feel like they’ve got to do everything. But the reality is you don’t have to do all the work alone. When buried under pressure, ask others to lend a hand. People feel more involved when they contribute. This not only reduces stress but also boosts the holiday spirit.(人们给自己施加了很大压力，觉得自己必须做所有的事情。但现实是你不必独自完成所有工作。当压力过大时，让别人帮忙。当人们做出贡献时，他们会觉得更有参与感。这不仅能减轻压力，还能提升节日氛围)”建议要让别人帮忙，让别人参与进来。A选项“Ask others to participate(让别人参与)”能概括下文内容，适合作段首小标题。故选A项。 For some, home is where the heart is. In Azerbaijan, however, the saying goes, “Wherever my carpet (a material for covering floors or stairs, like a big mat) is, that’s where I live.” 1 And the art of carpet making has been part of Azerbaijan’s culture since a very long time ago. Today, carpets are a big part of daily life in Azerbajan. They can be found everywhere: on the walls and floors of homes, restaurants, etc. 2 Its making techniques have been passed down from father to son, mother to daughter, and each carpet has a unique story to tell. In the country’s capital, Baku, the beloved carpet’s most impressive symbol comes in the form of a splendid building. 3 Azerbaijan National Carpet Museum, designed by Austrian architect Franz Janz, sits proudly on the city’s busy seaside walkway. The museum was founded in 1967 by a famous artist and carpet weaver Latif Karimov, who dedicated his life to celebrating and preserving Azerbaijani carpets. It was, at the time of opening, the very first museum of its kind. 4 Those carpets, dating from the 17th century to the present day, come from different areas across the country. Most of them are made using wool from either lambs or sheep, although there are some silk ones which are made only in Sheki, the only silk-producing region in the country. A short distance from the museum is Azerkhalcha, an organization devoted to preserving the age-old tradition of carpet making and supporting the women who devote their life to it. One of them is Sevinj Hajiyeva, who was taught how to make it by her brother when she was very little. “ 5 It’s a lifelong hobby and a source of love,” she says. “I hope to pass on this art to the young.” For Sevinj, through carpets people in Azerbaijan can share feelings and ideas. A．But they are quite expensive. B．Carpet making is not just an art. C．Carpets have been deeply loved in Azerbaijan. D．The museum is one of the biggest ones in the world. E．The museum has the largest collection of Azerbaijani carpets in the world. F．Some of them are made for special occasions: weddings, birthdays, burials, and so on. G．It’s shaped, rather remarkably, like a huge carpet decorated in a colourful and fashionable style. 【答案】1．C 2．F 3．G 4．E 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了阿塞拜疆的地毯文化，包括地毯在日常生活中的重要性、地毯博物馆以及地毯制作的传统。 1．由上文“For some, home is where the heart is. In Azerbaijan, however, the saying goes, “Wherever my carpet (a material for covering floors or stairs, like a big mat) is, that’s where I live. (对一些人来说，家是心之所在。然而，在阿塞拜疆，有句谚语说：“无论我的地毯在哪里，我就住在哪里。”)”及下文“And the art of carpet making has been part of Azerbaijan’s culture since a very long time ago. (地毯制作艺术从很久以前就是阿塞拜疆文化的一部分。)”可知，本空应强调阿塞拜疆人对地毯的喜爱。C选项“Carpets have been deeply loved in Azerbaijan. (地毯在阿塞拜疆深受喜爱。)”强调了阿塞拜疆人对地毯的喜爱，能承上启下，符合题意。故选C。 2．由上文“Today, carpets are a big part of daily life in Azerbajan. They can be found everywhere: on the walls and floors of homes, restaurants, etc. (如今，地毯是阿塞拜疆日常生活的重要组成部分。它们随处可见：在家庭、餐馆等的墙壁和地板上。)”可知，本空应强调地毯在阿塞拜疆的用途。F选项“Some of them are made for special occasions: weddings, birthdays, burials, and so on. (其中一些是为特殊场合制作的：婚礼、生日、葬礼等。)”强调了地毯在阿塞拜疆的用途，能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。 3．由上文“In the country’s capital, Baku, the beloved carpet’s most impressive symbol comes in the form of a splendid building. (在该国首都巴库，心爱的地毯最令人印象深刻的象征以一座宏伟的建筑形式出现。)”可知，本空应强调这座宏伟建筑的形状。G选项“It’s shaped, rather remarkably, like a huge carpet decorated in a colourful and fashionable style. (它的形状非常引人注目，就像一块装饰着彩色和时尚风格的大地毯。)”描述了这座宏伟建筑的形状，能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。 4．由下文“Those carpets, dating from the 17th century to the present day, come from different areas across the country. Most of them are made using wool from either lambs or sheep, although there are some silk ones which are made only in Sheki, the only silk-producing region in the country. (那些地毯，年代从 17 世纪到现在，来自全国各地。它们大多数是用羔羊或绵羊的羊毛制成的，不过也有一些丝绸地毯，仅在该国唯一的丝绸产区舍基制作。)”可知，下文介绍博物馆里地毯的情况，本空应强调该博物馆的收藏。E选项“The museum has the largest collection of Azerbaijani carpets in the world. (该博物馆拥有世界上最大的阿塞拜疆地毯收藏。)”强调了该博物馆的收藏，能引起下文，符合题意。故选E。 5．由上文“A short distance from the museum is Azerkhalcha, an organization devoted to preserving the age-old tradition of carpet making and supporting the women who devote their life to it. (离博物馆不远的地方是Azerkhalcha，这是一个致力于保护古老的地毯制作传统和支持那些献身于这一传统的女性的组织。)”及下文“It’s a lifelong hobby and a source of love (这是一生的爱好和爱的源泉。)”可知，本空应强调地毯制作对阿塞拜疆女性的意义。B选项“Carpet making is not just an art. (地毯制作不仅仅是一门艺术。)”强调了地毯制作对阿塞拜疆女性的意义，能承上启下，符合题意。故选B。 Are you spending your holidays sitting around? Don’t waste your precious days off. 1 You can find things to fill your days, both inside and out, using your mind or your creative energies, or simply hanging out with other people. 2 Simple outdoor pleasures are often overlooked. Not only is a quick trip out of the house refreshing and mood-lifting, but it is also a great opportunity for exercise. If you have been thinking of getting in shape, then go out and jog, walk, or do any outdoor physical activity you enjoy. A walk in nature always brightens the mood. Go on an adventure with a friend. 3 Visit a town you have never been to, or go for a walk in the woods. Remember to practice good safety habits when exploring a new area and take a charged mobile phone with you. Get chores and tasks out of the way. The holidays are one of the few times each year when most people have lots of free time. If you have no pressing commitments with family or friends, consider using your time to finish duties that you’ve been putting off for a long time. 4 Other good ideas include running errands, paying bills, re-organizing your closet, and servicing your car. Get to know more people. If there’s no one around that you’d like to spend time with, don’t forget that you always have the option of making new friends. You might choose to do this at a social hang-out spot like a club, or at an event like a concert. Don’t be afraid to approach and talk to people you meet. 5 A．Step out into the fresh air. B．Pick gentle exercise outside. C．New friendships have to start somewhere! D．Here are some ways to help you sit around. E．Grab a companion and try to find cool places to explore. F．There are many ways to keep busy, even during week-long holidays. G．For instance, if you haven’t cleaned your room; devote an afternoon to it. 【答案】1．F 2．A 3．E 4．G 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何充分利用假期时间，避免虚度光阴，提出了一系列充实假期生活的建议。 1．根据上文“Don’t waste your precious days off.(不要浪费你宝贵的假期。)”和下文“You can find things to fill your days, both inside and out, using your mind or your creative energies, or simply hanging out with other people.(你可以找到一些事情来充实你的日子，无论是室内还是室外，用你的头脑或你的创造力，或者只是和别人一起闲逛。)”可知，此处承上启下，说明有很多方法可以让你在假期保持忙碌，不要浪费宝贵的假期，选项F“即使在为期一周的假期里，也有很多方法可以让你保持忙碌”符合语境。故选F。 2．根据下文“Simple outdoor pleasures are often overlooked. Not only is a quick trip out of the house refreshing and mood-lifting, but it is also a great opportunity for exercise.(简单的户外乐趣往往被忽视。快速出门不仅可以提神醒脑，还可以锻炼身体。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是要走到户外去，呼吸新鲜空气，还可以锻炼身体，选项A“走到户外呼吸新鲜空气”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据上文“Go on an adventure with a friend.(和朋友一起去冒险。)”和下文“Visit a town you have never been to, or go for a walk in the woods.(去一个你从未去过的城镇，或者在树林里散步。)”可知，此处承上启下，说明要找一个同伴，一起寻找探索，选项E“找一个同伴，试着寻找一些很酷的地方去探索”符合语境。故选E。 4．根据上文“If you have no pressing commitments with family or friends, consider using your time to finish duties that you’ve been putting off for a long time.(如果你没有家庭或朋友的紧迫承诺，考虑利用你的时间来完成你一直拖延了很久的任务。)”和下文“Other good ideas include running errands, paying bills, re-organizing your closet, and servicing your car.(其他好主意包括跑腿、付账单、重新整理你的衣橱和保养你的车。)”可知，此处为举例说明要利用假期时间完成一些一直拖延的任务，选项G“例如，如果你还没打扫房间，那就花一个下午的时间来打扫”符合语境。故选G。 5．根据上文“Don’t be afraid to approach and talk to people you meet.(不要害怕和你遇到的人交谈。)”可知，此处承接上文，说明和陌生人交谈能带来的好处，选项C“新的友谊总得有个开始”符合语境。故选C。 Wales, a country known for its breathtaking landscapes and rich history, is home to unique traditions that reflect its Celtic heritage. From its language to its music, Welsh culture is deeply rooted in its past while embracing modern influences. One of the most distinctive features of Wales is the Welsh language, Cymraeg. 1 Efforts to preserve and promote the language have led to its inclusion in schools and media, ensuring its survival for future generations. Wales is also famous for its traditional music, particularly harp and choir singing. 2 Male voice choirs, another Welsh tradition, are famous worldwide for their powerful and harmonious performances. 3 The National Eisteddfod, a celebration of Welsh language and arts, is one of the largest cultural festivals in Europe. It includes competitions in poetry, music, and dance, attracting participants and visitors from across the globe. Welsh cuisine, though often overlooked, is another important part of its heritage. Dishes like cawl (a hearty lamb stew) and Welsh cakes (sweet griddle cakes) are staples of traditional Welsh cooking. 4 The Welsh landscape, with its rugged (崎岖的) mountains and picturesque valleys, also plays a role in shaping its traditions. Many cultural events are held outdoors, taking advantage of the natural beauty that Wales has to offer. 5 From its language and music to its festivals and food, Wales offers a unique cultural experience that continues to thrive today. A．It is one of the oldest languages in Europe. B．Another key aspect of Welsh culture is its festivals. C．These foods are often enjoyed during festivals and family gatherings. D．The National Eisteddfod is a modern event with little connection to Welsh history. E．In conclusion. Welsh culture is a brilliant blend of ancient traditions and modern practices. F．Traditional Welsh music is deeply connected to the country’s history and is celebrated in many festivals. G．The harp, considered the national instrument of Wales, has been played for centuries and is often featured in cultural festivals. 【答案】1．A 2．G 3．B 4．C 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是威尔士独特的文化遗产，包括其语言、音乐、节日与美食的古今融合与发展。 1．根据上文的“One of the most distinctive features of Wales is the Welsh language, Cymraeg. (威尔士最独特的特征之一是威尔士语，即Cymraeg。)”可知，文中提到威尔士语是威尔士最独特的特征之一，结合下文的“Efforts to preserve and promote the language have led to its inclusion in schools and media, ensuring its survival for future generations. (为了保护和推广威尔士语，该语言已被纳入学校教育和媒体中，确保它能在未来世代中继续传承下去。)”可知，本段讲述的主要关于威尔士语言的独特之处，A选项“It is one of the oldest languages in Europe. (它是欧洲最古老的语言之一。)”讲述的内容与语言相关，对上文的内容进一步阐述，且与下文内容吻合，符合语境。故选A项。 2．根据上文的“Wales is also famous for its traditional music, particularly harp and choir singing. (威尔士也以其传统音乐而闻名，尤其是竖琴和合唱演唱。)”可知本段介绍的是威尔士的传统音乐，结合下文的“Male voice choirs, another Welsh tradition, are famous worldwide for their powerful and harmonious performances. (男声合唱团是威尔士的另一传统，以其强大而和谐的表演闻名于世。)”可知，此处介绍的是使威尔士传统音乐闻名的另一个因素——男声合唱团，由此可知，此空应是对上文内容的进一步阐述，G选项“The harp, considered the national instrument of Wales, has been played for centuries and is often featured in cultural festivals. (竖琴被认为是威尔士的国家乐器，几个世纪以来一直被演奏，并且经常出现在文化节庆活动中。)”讲述的内容对上文中提到的“竖琴”进一步阐述，符合语境。故选G项。 3．根据下文的“The National Eisteddfod, a celebration of Welsh language and arts, is one of the largest cultural festivals in Europe. (全国埃斯特德福德节是庆祝威尔士语言和艺术的节日，也是欧洲最大的文化节之一。)”可知，本段主要介绍的是威尔士的节日相关，分析语篇可知，此处为本段的主题句，B选项“Another key aspect of Welsh culture is its festivals. (威尔士文化的另一个关键方面是它的节日。)”讲述的内容与威尔士的文化相关，概括了本段的主题，且引出下文对全国埃斯特德福德节的简单介绍The National Eisteddfod与下文中的“The National Eisteddfod，符合语境。故选B项。 4．根据上文的“Welsh cuisine, though often overlooked, is another important part of its heritage. Dishes like cawl (a hearty lamb stew) and Welsh cakes (sweet griddle cakes) are staples of traditional Welsh cooking. (威尔士菜肴虽然常常被忽视，但它也是其文化遗产的另一个重要组成部分。像肉汤（一种丰盛的羊肉炖菜）和威尔士蛋糕（甜煎饼）这样的菜肴是传统威尔士烹饪的主食。)”可知，本段讲述的内容与威尔士的饮食文化相关，结合空格的内容，此空应是对上文内容的总结或者进一步的阐述，C选项“These foods are often enjoyed during festivals and family gatherings. (这些食物经常在节日和家庭聚会中享用。)”讲述的内容与本段主题吻合，且其中的these foods指的是上文中的“cawl”以及“Welsh cakes”等食物，符合语境。故选C项。 5．根据下文的“From its language and music to its festivals and food, Wales offers a unique cultural experience that continues to thrive today. (从它的语言和音乐到它的节日和美食，威尔士提供了一种独特的文化体验，并且这种文化体验至今仍然蓬勃发展。)”可知，本段是对全文的概括总结，E选项“In conclusion. Welsh culture is a brilliant blend of ancient traditions and modern practices. (总之，威尔士文化是古代传统与现代实践的完美结合。)”对上文内容进行总结，符合语境。故选E项。 Unit 2 课文词组 1. carry sb through sth 帮助某人渡过难关 2. tend to do sth 易于做某事；往往会发生某事 3. make choices/a choice 做出选择 4. share ... with ... 与……分享…… 5. be faced with 面对 6. entrust sb with sth 把某物/事托付给某人 7. would rather 宁愿 8. play a key role 起关键作用；充当重要角色 9. be responsible for 对……负责 10. treat sb as 把某人当作…… 11. because of因为；由于 12. in need of需要 13. at times有时 14. be known as作为……而出名 15. first aid 急救 16. pass away 去世；消失 17. in memory of 作为对……的纪念 18. trip over 被……绊倒 19. in tears 流着泪；含着泪 20. in despair 处于绝望中 21. a great deal (of) 大量 22. crash into 撞上 23. make an attempt to do sth 试图做某事 24. succeed in doing sth 成功做了某事 25. be willing to help others乐于助人 26. offer to take on responsibility 主动承担责任 27. devote yourself to serving the people 致力于服务人民 28. hardworking and kind勤劳善良 练习 Today, community service often feels like something you have to do, not something you want to do. Schools require it for graduation, colleges ask about it in applications, and even employers increasingly inquire about it. This trend appears uplifting, because more volunteers mean stronger nonprofits. But I’ve realized there’s a problem: 1 I’ve encountered students who talk about volunteering like it’s a competition. They declare involvement with charity organizations proudly, only to reveal astonishing gaps when questioned further. “I did 100 hours,” one might say, yet struggles to explain the missions of the organizations. 2 When did helping others become about counting hours instead of making a difference? True service isn’t measured in hours or reduced to strategic career moves. 3 Imagine helping build a wheelchair ramp (坡道) for an elderly neighbor so they can leave their house. Or teaching math to kids who can’t afford tutors because you noticed they were struggling. At its core, meaningful service demands emotional investment — the willingness to center others’ wellbeing above personal gain. Reforming this system requires fundamentally rethinking how we evaluate commitment. Colleges and employers must shift from quantitative checkboxes to qualitative assessments. Instead of asking “How many hours did you serve?”, applications might inquire: “What social challenge moved you to act?” or “ 4 ” 5 Volunteer because it is the right thing to do as a human being. If we care more about why we help instead of how much we help, community service can become what it’s meant to be — people working together to make the world a little kinder, one small act at a time. A．It’s definitely about caring. B．This makes me really upset. C．Don’t volunteer because you have to. D．It is determined by who we offer help to. E．How did your service meet the needs of your community? F．How many times a year did you volunteer for charity work? G．When we treat kindness like an assignment, are we really being kind? 【答案】1．G 2．B 3．A 4．E 5．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了社区服务的现状和问题，并提出了一些改进的建议。 1．根据上文“Today, community service often feels like something you have to do, not something you want to do. Schools require it for graduation, colleges ask about it in applications, and even employers increasingly inquire about it. This trend appears uplifting, because more volunteers mean stronger nonprofits.(如今，社区服务往往感觉是你必须做的事情，而不是你想做的事情。学校要求毕业时必须做，大学在申请时会问，甚至雇主也越来越多地询问。这一趋势看起来令人振奋，因为更多的志愿者意味着更强的非营利组织。)”和空前“But I’ve realized there’s a problem.(但是我意识到有一个问题。)”可知，上下文之间存在转折关系，且下文引出了问题，所以空白处应承接下文，指出问题所在。选项G“当我们把善良当作一项任务时，我们真的是在行善吗？”指出了把社区服务当作必须完成的任务这一问题，引出下文，符合语境。故选G。 2．根据上文“They declare involvement with charity organizations proudly, only to reveal astonishing gaps when questioned further. “I did 100 hours,” one might say, yet struggles to explain the missions of the organizations.(他们自豪地宣称自己参与了慈善组织，但当被进一步询问时，却暴露出了惊人的差距。“我做了100个小时，”有人可能会说，但却难以解释这些组织的使命。)”可知，一些学生虽然参与了志愿服务，但却对志愿服务的组织和使命不了解，这让作者感到沮丧。选项B“这让我真的很沮丧”符合语境。故选B。 3．根据上文“True service isn’t measured in hours or reduced to strategic career moves.(真正的服务不是以小时来衡量，也不是简化为战略性的职业变动。)”和下文“Imagine helping build a wheelchair ramp for an elderly neighbor so they can leave their house. Or teaching math to kids who can’t afford tutors because you noticed they were struggling. At its core, meaningful service demands emotional investment — the willingness to center others’ wellbeing above personal gain.(想象一下，帮助一位年长的邻居建造一个轮椅坡道，这样他们就可以离开自己的房子。或者因为你注意到孩子们在挣扎，就给那些请不起家教的孩子教数学。从根本上说，有意义的服务需要情感投入——愿意把他人的福祉置于个人利益之上。)”可知，真正的服务不在于时长，而在于对他人的关怀和帮助。选项A“这绝对是关于关怀”承上启下，符合语境。故选A。 4．根据上文“Instead of asking “How many hours did you serve?”, applications might inquire: “What social challenge moved you to act?” or…(申请时，不要问“你服务了多少小时？”，而是可以问：“是什么社会挑战促使你采取行动？”或者……”。)”可知，此处列举了一些除了问志愿服务时长之外的问题，这些问题应更侧重于志愿服务的实质。选项E“你的服务是如何满足社区需求的？”是一个与志愿服务实质相关的问题，符合语境。故选E。 5．根据下文“Volunteer because it is the right thing to do as a human being.(做志愿者是因为这是作为一个人应该做的事情。)”可知，做志愿者是出于本心，而不是因为必须去做。选项C“不要因为你必须去做而去做志愿者”引出下文，符合语境。故选C。 We are so passionate about what we do. We get to travel this amazing world, make great friendships, make positive changes within local communities and help conserve animals. 1 . It is not a nine-to-five job for us. You will find us available to answer your questions outside of the “normal” hours, be that 6:30 on a Monday morning or 20:00 on a Sunday evening. We also make it easy. You can contact us through online chat, by email, text, social media or telephone, 2 , allowing this once in a lifetime opportunity to all travelers. Over the past couple of years, we have hosted many volunteers and made such a big impact around the world. Here’s the things you should know about us: 3 Not only do our volunteer programs directly help within the local community, but we ensure that all tasks aid the local economy, respect all cultures and support the development of the local infrastructure (基础设施), which is crucial to the long-term future of the city. We want you to have a great time We make sure you and other volunteers have the best time of your lives. The fastest and most efficient way for us to grow and spread our programs is by YOU. 4 . That’s why we are so proud of our 5 out of 5 star rating. So, do something different and special when you next go abroad. 5 . Whether you want to help protect the elephants in Sri Lanka, help the disabled in Nepal or teach children in Cambodia, the Mighty Roar can make it happen. A．Reviews are key to our success B．We are committed to conservation C．We have the perfect experience waiting for you D．All of our community programs are sustainable E．That’s the reason why we started the Mighty Roar F．Remember to share those experiences with your friends G．We aim to make our volunteering programs as accessible as possible 【答案】1．E 2．G 3．D 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了名为“Mighty Roar”的组织的相关信息，包括创办原因、沟通方式、志愿者项目的特点、期望志愿者获得美好体验以及能提供的不同志愿机会等内容。 1．根据上文“We are so passionate about what we do. We get to travel this amazing world, make great friendships, make positive changes within local communities and help conserve animals.(我们对自己所做的事情充满热情。我们得以游历这个奇妙的世界，结交挚友，在当地社区做出积极的改变，并助力保护动物。)”可知，上文提到我们热衷于所做的事，能旅行、交友、在当地社区做积极改变以及保护动物。选项E“That’s the reason why we started the Mighty Roar(这就是我们创办Mighty Roar的原因。)”能够很好地承接上文，解释了做这些事情与创办组织之间的关系。故选E。 2．根据上文“You can contact us through online chat, by email, text, social media or telephone(你可以通过在线聊天、电子邮件、短信、社交媒体或电话联系我们)”可知，上文提到了联系的各种方式；而下文“allowing this once in a lifetime opportunity to all travelers(让所有旅行者都有机会获得这个千载难逢的机会)”则指出空处让旅行者都有机会获得这个千载难逢的机会。选项G“We aim to make our volunteering programs as accessible as possible(我们旨在让我们的志愿者项目尽可能容易参与)”既解释了多种联系方式的目的，又能与后文让旅行者有机会相衔接。故选G。 3．空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Not only do our volunteer programs directly help within the local community, but we ensure that all tasks aid the local economy, respect all cultures and support the development of the local infrastructure (基础设施), which is crucial to the long-term future of the city.(我们的志愿者项目不仅能直接为当地社区提供帮助，而且我们确保所有的工作都能促进当地经济发展、尊重所有文化，并支持当地基础设施的建设，这对城市的长远未来至关重要。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是志愿者项目对城市的长期未来至关重要。选项D“All of our community programs are sustainable(我们的所有社区项目都是可持续的。)”能够概括这一段关于项目对当地多方面产生长期积极影响，具有可持续性的内容。故选D。 4．根据上文“The fastest and most efficient way for us to grow and spread our programs is by YOU.(对我们来说，让项目发展和传播最快最有效的方式是通过你。)”可知，上文提到让项目发展和传播最快最有效的方式是通过你。而空后“That’s why we are so proud of our 5 out of 5 star rating.(这就是为什么我们为我们的五星评级感到骄傲。)”则暗示空处和五星级评价有关。选项A“Reviews are key to our success(评价是我们成功的关键。)”说明通过 “你”（志愿者）的评价对项目发展很重要，进而解释了五星评级的意义。故选A。 5．根据下文“Whether you want to help protect the elephants in Sri Lanka, help the disabled in Nepal or teach children in Cambodia, the Mighty Roar can make it happen.(无论你是想在斯里兰卡帮助保护大象，在尼泊尔帮助残疾人，还是在柬埔寨教孩子们，“Mighty Roar”都能帮你实现。)”可知，下文提到了很多项目体验。选项C“We have the perfect experience waiting for you(我们有完美的体验在等着你。)”承上启下，说明在Mighty Roar能让你有特别的经历。故选C。 With busy lives, it can be hard to find time to volunteer. 1 Volunteering offers vital help to people in need, worthwhile causes and the community. But the benefits can be even greater for the volunteers. 2 Older adults, especially those who have retired, can find new meanings and directions in their lives by helping others. Whatever your age or life situation, volunteering can help take your mind off your own worries, keep you mentally stimulated, and add more passion to your life. Volunteering helps counteract (抵消) the effects of stress, anger and anxiety. 3 Nothing relieves stress better than a meaningful connection to another person. Working with pets and other animals has also been shown to improve mood and reduce stress and anxiety. Volunteering increases your social and relationship skills. While some people are naturally outgoing, others are shy and have a hard time meeting new people. Volunteering gives you the opportunity to practice and develop your social skills, since you are meeting regularly with a group of people with common interests. 4 Volunteering increases self-confidence. You are doing good for others and the community, which provides a natural sense of accomplishment. 5 And the better you feel about yourself, the more likely you are to have a positive view of your life and future goals. A．Volunteering provides a sense of purpose. B．Volunteering helps you stay physically healthy. C．It will be easier to make more friends by volunteering. D．However, the benefits of volunteering can be enormous. E．It is a fun and easy way to explore your interests and passions. F．Your role as a volunteer can also give you a sense of pride and identity. G．Helping others can have a huge effect on your psychological well-being. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．G 4．C 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了做志愿活动给志愿者带来的好处。 1．根据上文“With busy lives, it can be hard to find time to volunteer.(在忙碌的生活中，很难找到时间去做志愿者)”以及后文“Volunteering offers vital help to people in need, worthwhile causes and the community.(志愿服务为有需要的人、有价值的事业和社区提供了至关重要的帮助)”可知，该空与上句是转折关系，旨在说明志愿活动的好处。故D项“然而，志愿活动的好处可能会很多”符合。故选D。 2．根据本段“Older adults, especially those who have retired, can find new meanings and directions in their lives by helping others. Whatever your age or life situation, volunteering can help take your mind off your own worries, keep you mentally stimulated, and add more passion to your life.(老年人，特别是那些已经退休的人，可以通过帮助别人找到生活的新意义和方向。无论你的年龄或生活状况如何，志愿活动都可以帮助你摆脱烦恼，保持精神上的刺激，并为你的生活增添更多的激情)”可知，本段主要说明了志愿活动可以提供新意义和方向，为你的生活增添更多的激情，本句为本段主旨句，总结志愿活动提供了目标感。故A项“志愿活动提供了一种目标感”符合。故选A。 3．根据该段小标题“Volunteering helps counteract (抵消) the effects of stress, anger and anxiety.(志愿活动有助于抵消压力、愤怒和焦虑的影响)”以及后文“Nothing relieves stress better than a meaningful connection to another person.(没有什么比与另一个人建立有意义的联系更能缓解压力了)”可知，本句主要说明志愿活动有助于和他人建立联系，从而有助于心理健康。故G项“帮助他人会对你的心理健康产生深远的影响”符合。故选G。 4．根据小标题“Volunteering increases your social and relationship skills.(志愿活动可以提高你的社交和人际关系技能)”以及上文“Volunteering gives you the opportunity to practice and develop your social skills, since you are meeting regularly with a group of people with common interests.(志愿活动给了你练习和发展社交技能的机会，因为你经常和一群有共同兴趣的人见面)”可知，本段主要说明了志愿活动有助于社交，即可以通过志愿活动交朋友，故C项“通过志愿活动，很容易交更多的朋友”符合。故选C。 5．根据该段小标题“Volunteering increases self-confidence.(志愿活动可以增强自信)”以及上文“You are doing good for others and the community, which provides a natural sense of accomplishment.(你在为他人和社区做好事，这提供了一种自然的成就感)”可知，上文提到了志愿活动提供成就感，本句承接上文，说明志愿者角色所带来的影响，故F项“作为志愿者，你的角色也会让你有一种自豪和认同感”符合。故选F。 World Food Day Food brings people together in numerous ways, from family gatherings to first dates. 1 There are a number of activities to get you involved in the celebration! Make a donation to a food bank or charity. One of the best ways to celebrate World Food Day is by giving food to people who need it the most. Most food banks are happy to accept food or money. The sort of food that is in a typical food parcel includes cookies, rice, canned fruit, vegetables, and meat and so on. 2 There are many different ways you can go about this, from fundraising events to sponsored activities. 3 World Food Day might be a great time to understand where food comes from by visiting a local farm or dairy, or even visiting an open kitchen restaurant to see the time and effort that goes into creating such delicious food. Attend a World Food Day event. A number of different events take place on World Food Day, so it is worth looking into these to see if there is anything going on in your local area. This includes everything from concerts and contests to cultural performances, exhibitions, hunger marches, and marathons. There may be nothing going on locally. 4 Learn more about countries around the world. Countries all around the world need help because they are battling starvation, such as Kenya, where a large number of children are going hungry. A lot of different charities work hard to ensure they have the food they need to survive. 5 More than 150 countries participate in it, and there are conferences and different events that happen all around the world. A．Know where food goes. B．Visit a farm or food producer. C．Why not host the event yourself? D．It is also a great time to donate to a charity. E．Why not support these charities to save lives? F．World Food Day celebrates many amazing foods. G．It is worth researching how countries honor this day. 【答案】1．F 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界粮食日的庆祝方式和相关活动。 1．下文“There are a number of activities to get you involved in the celebration!(有许多活动可以让你参与到庆祝中来!)”说明有许多活动可以参与庆祝某个特殊的日子。F选项“World Food Day celebrates many amazing foods.(世界粮食日庆祝许多令人惊叹的食物)”引出话题“世界粮食日”，且“celebrates many amazing foods”与下文“get you involved in the celebration”相呼应，说明世界粮食日是一个值得庆祝的日子，有许多与食物相关的活动可以参与。故选F项。 2．上文“One of the best ways to celebrate World Food Day is by giving food to people who need it the most.(庆祝世界粮食日最好的方法之一就是把食物送给最需要的人)”和下文“There are many different ways you can go about this, from fundraising events to sponsored activities.(你可以通过多种不同的方式来做这件事，从筹款活动到赞助活动)”都提到了为世界粮食日做贡献的方式。D选项“It is also a great time to donate to a charity.(这也是一个向慈善机构捐款的好时机)”承上启下，说明除了直接捐赠食物外，向世界粮食日相关的慈善机构捐款也是一个很好的庆祝方式，且“donate to a charity”与下文“fundraising events to sponsored activities”相呼应。故选D项。 3．根据下文“World Food Day might be a great time to understand where food comes from by visiting a local farm or dairy, or even visiting an open kitchen restaurant to see the time and effort that goes into creating such delicious food.(世界粮食日可能是一个很好的时机，可以通过参观当地的农场或奶制品厂，甚至参观开放式厨房餐厅，了解美味食物背后的时间和精力投入，来了解食物的来源)”可知，此段主要讲参观农场等了解食物来源。B 选项“Visit a farm or food producer.(参观农场或食品生产商)”与下文内容相符，能够概括该段主旨。故选B项。 4．上文“Attend a World Food Day event. A number of different events take place on World Food Day, so it is worth looking into these to see if there is anything going on in your local area.(参加世界粮食日活动。世界粮食日当天会举办许多不同的活动，所以值得去看看你所在地区有没有什么活动)”和“There may be nothing going on locally.(本地可能没有什么活动)”说明了参加世界粮食日活动的情况，并指出本地可能没有相关活动。C选项“Why not host the event yourself?(为什么不自己举办这个活动呢?)”提出了一个建议，即如果本地没有相关活动，可以自己举办，与上文形成逻辑上的衔接。故选C项。 5．下文“More than 150 countries participate in it, and there are conferences and different events that happen all around the world.(超过 150 个国家参与其中，世界各地都有会议和不同的活动)”介绍了 150 个国家参与世界粮食日的庆祝活动，G 选项“It is worth researching how countries honor this day.(研究各国如何纪念这一天是值得的)”引出下文各国参与世界粮食日相关活动的内容，同时照应本段主题句“Learn more about countries around the world.(了解更多关于世界各国的信息)”。故选G项 。 Unit 3 课文词组 1. 1. head to (朝……)前进；(向……)去 2. seek one's fortune 寻找成功致富之路；闯世界 3. earn a living 谋生 4. bring about 导致；引起 5. series of 一系列或一连串(事件) 6. apart from 除了……外(还)；此外 7. a mix of ……的混合 8. join ... to ... 把……和……连接起来 9. a bit of 一点 10. can't wait (to do sth) 迫不及待(做某事) 11. to name but a few 仅举几例 12. (at) first hand 第一手；亲自 13. a tourist draw 旅游景点 14. all year round 一整年；全年 15. turn into 变成；成为 16. the majority of 大多数 17. in real life 在现实生活中 18. a range of/varieties of 各种各样的 19. be located in/on 位于……；坐落于…… 20. be home to ... ……的栖息地/产地/家园 练习 Coffee and tea are popular drinks. Although coffee is often famous for its rich flavors and high-energy capacity, tea might be the better choice for your next cup. 1 Caffeine can sharpen focus and increase alertness for some, but for others, the side effects of overconsumption like sleeplessness can outweigh the alertness for some, but for others, the side effects of overconsumption like sleeplessness can outweigh the benefits. “The side effects of caffeine really are the primary reason why you might want to get away from coffee,” says Alexis Supan, a registered dietitian at the Cleveland Clinic, in Cleveland Ohio. 2 A typical cup of tea contains 20 — 60 milligrams of caffeine, depending on the type, compared to the 80 — 100 milligrams of caffeine in an average cup of coffee. Herbal teas — which are naturally caffeine-free — can also be a soothing alternative. Chamomile (洋甘菊), for example, is known for its calming effects. Both coffee and tea are rich in plant-based chemicals that promote health — but tea stands out for its particularly diverse range of antioxidants (抗氧化剂). 3 Green tea, for example, is rich in epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a powerful antioxidant that supports heart health and may slow aging. One of the major differences between coffee and tea is the presence of L-theanine. Found primarily in tea leaves, this chemical can make people feel more alert, without making them feel alarmed. 4 Finally, the choice between coffee and tea often comes down to personal taste and lifestyle. “Drink what you prefer. If you like both, drink both, because you’re going to get slightly different benefits from both,” says Evangeline Mantzioris, a dietitian at the University of South Australia. “ 5 ” But for those seeking a gentler caffeine kick and a boost in antioxidants, tea may just be the healthier option. A．Here’s where tea shines. B．It’s all about the dietary pattern. C．One reason for this is its lower caffeine content. D．L-theanine is known for its notable effects on heart health. E．So drinking tea helps reduce anxiety and make you feel good. F．You get more benefits from tea, because of the combination of the two. G．Such chemicals are linked to lower risks of heart disease and even cancer. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．G 4．E 5．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章对比咖啡与茶，指出茶在咖啡因含量、抗氧化剂、茶氨酸等方面的优势，建议根据个人口味和需求选择，茶或为更健康选择。 1．根据上文“Although coffee is often famous for its rich flavors and high-energy capacity, tea might be the better choice for your next cup.(尽管咖啡常以其浓郁风味和高提神能力闻名，但下一杯选茶可能更好。)”可知，此处需解释茶更优的原因。C项One reason for this is its lower caffeine content.(原因之一是其咖啡因含量更低。)通过this指代“茶是更好的选择”，直接引出下文对茶与咖啡中咖啡因含量的对比，逻辑衔接紧密。故选C项。 2．根据上文“‘The side effects of caffeine really are the primary reason why you might want to get away from coffee,’ says Alexis Supan(Alexis Supan说：‘咖啡因的副作用确实是你可能想远离咖啡的主要原因。’)”可知，此处围绕咖啡因副作用展开，需过渡到茶的优势。A项Here’s where tea shines. (这正是茶的优势所在。)通过here衔接上文对咖啡因问题的讨论，引出下文“A typical cup of tea contains 20 — 60 milligrams of caffeine, depending on the type, compared to the 80 — 100 milligrams of caffeine in an average cup of coffee.(一杯典型的茶含有20-60毫克的咖啡因，具体取决于类型，而平均一杯咖啡含有80-100毫克的咖啡因)”对茶中咖啡因含量更低的具体说明。故选A项。 3．根据上文“Both coffee and tea are rich in plant-based chemicals that promote health — but tea stands out for its particularly diverse range of antioxidants (抗氧化剂).(咖啡和茶都富含促进健康的植物性化学物质，但茶因其特别多样化的抗氧化剂而脱颖而出。)”可知，此处需进一步说明这些化学物质的益处。G项Such chemicals are linked to lower risks of heart disease and even cancer.(这些化学物质与降低心脏病甚至癌症的风险有关)中的Such chemicals指代上文的plant-based chemicals和antioxidants，具体说明其健康益处，符合语境。故选G项。 4．根据上文“Found primarily in tea leaves, this chemical can make people feel more alert, without making them feel alarmed. (这种化学物质主要存在于茶叶中，可以让人更清醒，却不会使人焦虑)”可知，这里总结 L-茶氨酸的作用。E项So drinking tea helps reduce anxiety and make you feel good.(因此，喝茶有助于减少焦虑，让你感觉良好)中的reduce anxiety对应上文without making them feel alarmed，feel good呼应上文more alert，因果关系明确，符合逻辑。故选E项。 5．根据上文“Drink what you prefer. If you like both, drink both(喝你喜欢的。如果你都喜欢，那就都喝)”及下文“But for those seeking a gentler caffeine kick and a boost in antioxidants, tea may just be the healthier option.(但对于那些寻求更温和的咖啡因刺激和抗氧化剂增强的人来说，茶可能是更健康的选择。)”可知，此处需强调个人选择与饮食模式的关系。B项It’s all about the dietary pattern.(这一切都与饮食模式有关)总结了上文“根据喜好选择”的观点，同时引出下文“根据需求选择”的建议，起到过渡作用。故选B项。 It might sound rather odd to picture ancient Mayans celebrating their birthdays with carefully decorated tortillas (玉米饼) instead of cakes. 1 The initial “birthday treats” were far from what we have today and didn’t even carry the name “birthday treats”. 2 Back then, only the upper class could afford to mark the occasion with something special. That’s how tortillas became linked to important events. Ancient Mayans are considered the originators of the birthday celebration tradition. And the ancient Aztecs adopted this custom but creatively thought that adding some unique spices to the tortillas would make the celebration more memorable. So they prepared tortillas with special blends of spices and presented them as offerings. 3 It wasn’t just the ancient Mayans and Aztecs who celebrated with special food items. 4 And it’s thought that the original form of their birthday treat had a deep connection with their religious beliefs. In ancient China, rather than just birthdays, all sorts of festivals and ceremonies were celebrated with delicious food. However, for birthdays, there was a preference for long noodles, symbolizing a long life, and it was mainly the elderly who were celebrated in a grander way. Modern birthday celebrations are said to have been influenced by a combination of different cultures over time. In some Western countries, on the day of a child’s birthday, he or she will get a beautifully wrapped gift along with a cake adorned with colorful candles equal to the child’s age. 5 The birthday child will silently make a wish, attempt to blow out all the candles in one go, and then start enjoying the cake. A．Tortillas became birthday treats worldwide. B．Ancient Chinese also had their own distinct traditions. C．Instead, they were a symbol of the upper social class. D．But they were the first to come up with the idea of such a celebration. E．They also added colorful toppings to make the tortillas more appealing. F．These candles are seen as a symbol of the passing years and new hopes. G．Children would be excited to see the candles and make their wishes. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．E 4．B 5．F 【导语】 这是一篇说明文。本文通过对比玛雅、阿兹特克、中国古代及西方现代生日习俗，探讨了不同文化中生日庆祝方式的起源、演变及其象征意义。 1．上文“It might sound rather odd to picture ancient Mayans celebrating their birthdays with carefully decorated tortillas (玉米饼) instead of cakes. (古代玛雅人用精心装饰的玉米饼而不是蛋糕来庆祝他们的生日，这听起来可能有点奇怪。)”提到了古玛雅人用特别的食物庆祝生日，选项D中celebration是关键词，与上文呼应，所以D选项“但他们是第一个提出这样一个庆祝活动的想法的人。”能承接上文，符合语境。故选D项。 2．下文“Back then, only the upper class could afford to mark the occasion with something special. (那时候，只有上流社会才有能力用一些特别的东西来纪念这个节日。)”提到了上流社会，选项C中the upper social class是关键词与下文的the upper class相呼应，所以C选项“相反，它们是上流社会的象征。”能引起下文，符合语境。故选C项。 3．上文“So they prepared tortillas with special blends of spices and presented them as offerings. (所以他们准备了用特殊香料混合的玉米饼作为祭品。)”提到了玉米饼作为祭品，选项E中they是关键词，指代上文提到的玉米饼，所以E选项“他们还添加了彩色的浇头，使玉米饼更有吸引力。”能承接上文，符合语境。故选E项。 4．上文“It wasn’t just the ancient Mayans and Aztecs who celebrated with special food items. (不仅仅是古代玛雅人和阿兹特克人用特殊的食物来庆祝。)”提到了用特殊的食物来庆祝的不仅仅是古代玛雅人和阿兹特克人，说明还有其他人，所以B选项“古代中国人也有自己独特的传统。”能承接上文，和上文构成顺承关系，符合语境。故选B项。 5．上文“In some Western countries, on the day of a child’s birthday, he or she will get a beautifully wrapped gift along with a cake adorned with colorful candles equal to the child’s age. (在一些西方国家，在孩子的生日那天，他或她会得到一个包装精美的礼物，以及一个蛋糕，上面装饰着与孩子年龄相等的彩色蜡烛。)”提到了彩色蜡烛，选项F中These candles是关键词，和上文构成顺承关系，所以F项“这些蜡烛被视为逝去岁月和新希望的象征。”承接上文，符合语境。故选F项。 On the National Day last week, I invited my friend Jack to attend the Food festival held in Nanjing. When he saw so many kinds of food, he felt so curious about them. 1 . I told Jack that in my childhood, I used to spend time in the warmth of my grandparents’ home, listening to her wonderful stories and greedily tasting bowls of her delicious chicken soup. After leaving my hometown for work in Nanjing, every time I went back home, I took my time over cups of tea, enjoying the perfect marriage of boiling water, ginger (姜), sesame (芝麻) and beans. The association was very amazing. Although I tasted various delicate foods, I still cried out for what mother cooked for me. 2 . Jack said that the combination of tastes and family love lay in everyone’s memory. The feeling of happiness and sense of belonging could become particularly important for people who lived far away from their home. We wandered at the festival and tasted many kinds of food varying from spicy to mild. Jack was attracted by the spicy crayfish. He wanted to give it a try. To my joy, the spicy taste made him let loose rivers of sweat. He cried out for a bottle of icy water to relieve, but it didn’t do the trick. Also, Jack felt puzzled why people threw themselves into long queues for food. I explained to him that it lay in the taste, because the favorite taste could lift their spirits. 3 . We stopped at a food stand selling Spring Rolls, where the maker was taking his time over a delicate one. 4 . The maker told us Chinese Spring Rolls were made of thin dough filled with meat and vegetables, rolled and fried, tasting delicious and crispy. Known as spring pancakes, this traditional delicacy was believed to have started as a special snack to celebrate the arrival of spring. So, to eat Spring Rolls is to follow the custom of biting the spring. In its broadest sense, Spring Rolls refer to a type of finger food that is popular in various East and Southeast Asian cuisines. 5 . It’s a way of preserving history, celebrating traditions, and expressing a cultural identity. Food festivals like these are not just about eating but are a celebration of diversity and a reminder of the universal language of cuisine that brings people together. A．Jack’s initial skepticism about the long lines began to fade as he started to appreciate the anticipation and the shared experience that came with waiting for something truly delicious B．Jack was fascinated by the careful preparation and asked the maker about the details C．I thought the dishes my mother cooked represented the family love for her child D．The dish, to me, was not just about taste but also about the longing and the love that went into preparing it E．Seeing his curiosity, I shared with him the words about some food and the memories that food evoked for me F．As we savored the Spring Rolls, we discussed how traditional food is more than just a meal; it’s a symbol of cultural identity G．And the favorite food could serve as comfort food to enlighten our soul 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．G 4．B 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了与朋友共游南京美食节，通过品尝各地美食探讨其文化意义，并感悟传统食物承载的情感与归属感。 1．根据后文“I told Jack that in my childhood, I used to spend time in the warmth of my grandparents’ home, listening to her wonderful stories and greedily tasting bowls of her delicious chicken soup.(我告诉杰克，在我的童年，我常常在祖父母温暖的家中度过时光，听她讲精彩的故事，贪婪地品尝她美味的鸡汤)”可知，此处应是“我”看到杰克的好奇后，和他分享关于食物唤起的记忆，E选项“Seeing his curiosity, I shared with him the words about some food and the memories that food evoked for me(看到他的好奇，我和他分享了关于一些食物的事情以及食物唤起的我的记忆)”符合语境。故选 E。 2．根据前文“Although I tasted various delicate foods, I still cried out for what mother cooked for me.(虽然我品尝了各种美味的食物，但我仍然渴望妈妈为我做的食物)”和后文“Jack said that the combination of tastes and family love lay in everyone’s memory.(杰克说，味道与亲情的结合存在于每个人的记忆中)”可知，空格处应该进一步阐释食物的情感价值，D选项“Seeing his curiosity, I shared with him the words about some food and the memories that food evoked for me(看到他的好奇，我和他分享了关于一些食物的事情以及食物唤起的我的记忆)”与后文Jack的回应形成逻辑呼应。故选D。 3．根据前文 “Also, Jack felt puzzled why people threw themselves into long queues for food. I explained to him that it lay in the taste, because the favorite taste could lift their spirits.”（而且，杰克对人们排长队买食物感到困惑。我向他解释说这在于味道，因为最喜爱的味道可以振奋他们的精神。）可知，此处继续阐述喜欢的食物的作用，G选项“And the favorite food could serve as comfort food to enlighten our soul(而喜欢的食物可以作为安慰食物来启迪我们的灵魂)”与前文逻辑紧密，进一步说明了喜欢的食物的意义，故选G。 4．根据后文“The maker told us Chinese Spring Rolls were made of thin dough filled with meat and vegetables, rolled and fried, tasting delicious and crispy.(制作者告诉我们，中国的春卷是用薄面团包上肉和蔬菜，卷起来油炸而成，味道鲜美酥脆)”可知，这里描述的是制作者向“我们”介绍春卷，B选项“Jack was fascinated by the careful preparation and asked the maker about the details(杰克被精心的准备所吸引，并向制作者询问了细节)”解释了制作者介绍春卷的原因，即杰克对春卷的精心准备很感兴趣并询问细节，符合语境，故选B。 5．根据后文“It’s a way of preserving history, celebrating traditions, and expressing a cultural identity. Food festivals like these are not just about eating but are a celebration of diversity and a reminder of the universal language of cuisine that brings people together.(这是一种保存历史、庆祝传统和表达文化身份的方式。像这样的美食节不仅仅是关于吃，更是对多样性的庆祝，也是提醒人们美食这种通用语言将人们聚集在一起)”可知，这里强调传统食物的意义，F选项“As we savored the Spring Rolls, we discussed how traditional food is more than just a meal; it’s a symbol of cultural identity(当我们品尝春卷时，我们讨论了传统食物不仅仅是一顿饭；它是文化身份的象征)”引出后文关于传统食物意义的讨论，符合语境，故选F。 The historic city of Suzhou is crossed with canals. Old whitewashed buildings line the banks. A century ago some of these would have been Chaguans, or traditional teahouses, where locals gathered to discuss the news or conduct business. 1 There are dozens of Starbucks outlets in Suzhou, as well as other coffee sellers. Last year China surpassed America, becoming the country with the most branded coffee shops in the world. The early history of coffee in China is unclear. It is reported that it was Danes who opened the first coffee shop in the country in the 1830s. 2 That was partly because the Qing dynasty looked down upon foreigners and sought to prevent their influence. A century later, Lu Xun, a celebrated author, wrote that he didn’t drink the stuff, “I always thought it was for the westerners.” He and most other Chinese people preferred tea. 3 After China introduced market reforms and opened up to the world in the 1980s, foreign firms such as Maxwell House and Nestle brought instant coffee to the country. They catered to local tastes, making their mixes sweeter and less bitter than what they sold elsewhere. The biggest coffee-drinking group was still white-collar workers in first-tier cities aged between 20 and 40. 4 Today, a wider range of the population is partaking thanks to the rise of domestic coffee chains selling affordable coffee. The leader is Luckin Coffee, with over 20,000 outlets. 5 A cup of basic Luckin coffee is about a third of the price of an equivalent Starbucks offering. Luckin’s sales in China exceeded Starbucks’ for the first time in 2023. Both chains are expanding into smaller cities. A．Starbucks, by comparison, has 7,300 shops. B．China is home to nearly 50,000 such outlets. C．Unfortunately, the drink didn’t catch on then. D．It was totally a different story fifty years later. E．Holding a Starbucks cup became a status symbol for them. F．This marked the beginning of a new era for coffee in China. G．Today visitors are more likely to find shops serving a different kind of drink. 【答案】1．G 2．C 3．D 4．E 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了咖啡在中国的历史发展以及当前的市场状况。 1．空前“A century ago some of these would have been Chaguans, or traditional teahouses, where locals gathered to discuss the news or conduct business.(一个世纪以前，其中一些是茶馆，或传统的茶馆，当地人聚集在这里讨论新闻或做生意)”说明的是以前人们在茶馆聚集，下文“There are dozens of Starbucks outlets in Suzhou, as well as other coffee sellers. Last year China surpassed America, becoming the country with the most branded coffee shops in the world.(苏州有几十家星巴克（Starbucks）门店，还有其他咖啡销售商。去年，中国超过美国，成为世界上拥有品牌咖啡店最多的国家)”说明中国有很多卖咖啡的门店，G选项“Today visitors are more likely to find shops serving a different kind of drink.(如今，游客们更有可能找到供应不同种类饮料的商店)”说明了如今游客可以找到很多卖饮料的店，承接上文的“以前”，引起下文“供应不同种类饮料的商店”，因此G选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。 2．空前“It is reported that it was Danes who opened the first coffee shop in the country in the 1830s.(据报道，19世纪30年代，丹麦人在该国开设了第一家咖啡店)”说明了丹麦人开了第一家咖啡店，空后“That was partly because the Qing dynasty looked down upon foreigners and sought to prevent their influence.(部分原因是清朝看不起外国人，并试图阻止他们的影响)”说明了清朝阻止外国人的影响，由此可见，咖啡当时不受欢迎，C选项“Unfortunately, the drink didn’t catch on then.(不幸的是，这种饮料当时并没有流行起来)”说明了咖啡没有流行起来，承上启下，符合语境，故选C。 3．空后“After China introduced market reforms and opened up to the world in the 1980s, foreign firms such as Maxwell House and Nestle brought instant coffee to the country.(中国在20世纪80年代实行市场改革并向世界开放后，麦克斯韦和雀巢等外国公司将速溶咖啡带入了中国)”说明后来咖啡开始在中国流行开，D选项“It was totally a different story fifty years later.(50年后，情况完全不同了)”说明了50年后事情发生了变化，引起下文，符合语境，故选D。 4．空前“The biggest coffee-drinking group was still white-collar workers in first-tier cities aged between 20 and 40.(最大的咖啡饮用群体仍然是一线城市20至40岁的白领)”说明了白领是最大的咖啡消费群体，空格处也应该描述人们喝咖啡这件事，E选项“Holding a Starbucks cup became a status symbol for them.(拿着星巴克的杯子成为了他们地位的象征)”中的them指前面的“白领”，说明了咖啡对他们的重要性以及喝咖啡的普遍性，承接上文，符合语境，故选E。 5．空前“The leader is Luckin Coffee, with over 20,000 outlets.(领头羊是瑞幸咖啡，拥有超过2万家门店)”说明了瑞幸有很多门店，空后“A cup of basic Luckin coffee is about a third of the price of an equivalent Starbucks offering. Luckin’s sales in China exceeded Starbucks’ for the first time in 2023.(一杯瑞幸咖啡的价格大约是星巴克同等价格的三分之一。2023年，瑞幸在中国的销售额首次超过星巴克)”提到了星巴克咖啡，因此空格处应该提到星巴克有多少门店，A选项“Starbucks, by comparison, has 7,300 shops.(相比之下，星巴克拥有7300家门店)”说明了星巴克有多少门店，承上启下，符合语境，故选A。 Unit 4 课文词组 1. be curious about 好奇 2. carry on 继续做，坚持干 3. on board 在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上 4. in the hope of doing sth 抱着……的希望 5. find out 弄懂 6. be determined to do sth 决心做某事 7. succeed in doing sth 成功做某事 8. focus on 集中于 9. make sure 确保 10. go wrong 出现问题；发生故障；出毛病 11. so as to (do sth) 为了；以便 12. figure out 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白 13. result in 导致；造成 14. as a result 结果(是)；所以 15. provide for sb 提供生活所需 16. in closing 最后 17. run out 用完；耗尽 18. lack of 缺乏 19. more than 多于 20. all kinds of 各种各样的 练习 Future astronauts could potentially rely on food made from bacteria (细菌) that feed on minor planets, to produce a kind of yogurt. While astronauts on the International Space Station have experimented with growing salad leaves, the vast majority of food consumed in space is transported from Earth. 1 That’s why Joshua Pearce at Western University in Ontario, Canada, decided to try using bacteria to change carbon-containing (含碳的) material from minor planets into eatable food. This process has not been carried out yet on real minor planets. But Pearce’s team has performed similar experiments using bacteria to break down plastic from leftover in army food supply bags. 2 The collective bacteria end up looking something like a brown milkshake and the team has also experimented with drying out this material to produce something like yogurt or even a powder. 3 “We did a nutritional (营养的) research and it turned out to be almost a perfect food,” he says. “It turned out that the bacteria mixture that we were using, more or less, has a third each for the three major nutrients people need.” If the idea is sound, a 500-metre-wide minor planet similar to Bennu, which NASA visited in 2020, could feed between 600 and 17,000 astronauts for a year, says Pearce. 4 A fully working minor planets food project would require an “industrial-sized smart machine” in space. This would take a long time to get everything in place. 5 They plan to start off with coal and then moving to space rocks that have fallen to Earth. A．It would be impossible for more distant, longer-lasting tasks. B．So the researchers hope to test the idea on a lower level in the coming year. C．Future astronauts could soon enjoy a nutritionally perfect diet made from bacteria. D．While that might not sound delicious, Pearce says the bacteria are well-suited for human needs. E．They heated the plastic without oxygen and then fed this to a mixture of bacteria that eat carbon. F．Although there is certainly hope, it is still a very futuristic idea that needs to be thought through. G．The exact number depends on how effectively the bacteria can break down the minor planet’s carbon materials. 【答案】1．A 2．E 3．D 4．G 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了一种未来宇航员可能在太空中获取食物的新方法：利用细菌将小行星中的含碳物质转化为可食用的食物，类似于酸奶或粉末。如果成功，这种方法可以在小行星上大规模生产食物，为未来的太空探索提供支持。 1．根据空前“While astronauts on the International Space Station have experimented with growing salad leaves, the vast majority of food consumed in space is transported from Earth.(虽然国际空间站上的宇航员已经尝试种植沙拉叶，但在太空中消费的大部分食物都是从地球运输过去的)”和空后“That’s why Joshua Pearce at Western University in Ontario, Canada, decided to try using bacteria to change carbon-containing (含碳的) material from minor planets into eatable food.(这就是为什么加拿大安大略省西安大略大学的约书亚·皮尔斯决定尝试使用细菌将小行星中的含碳物质转化为可食用的食物)”可知，太空使用的大部分食物来自地球，因此更加遥远且持久的任务是不可能的，因为食物无法供应，因此推断A项“这对于更远距离、更长时间的任务来说是不可能的。”符合语境，并且引出下文的解决办法——尝试使用细菌将小行星中的含碳物质转化为可食用的食物，故选A。 2．根据前文“This process has not been carried out yet on real minor planets. But Pearce’s team has performed similar experiments using bacteria to break down plastic from leftover in army food supply bags.( 这一过程尚未在真正的行星上进行。但皮尔斯的团队已经进行了类似的实验，使用细菌分解军队食品供应袋中的塑料残留物)”和后文“The collective bacteria end up looking something like a brown milkshake and the team has also experimented with drying out this material to produce something like yogurt or even a powder.(最终的细菌混合物看起来像一种棕色奶昔，团队还尝试将这种物质干燥，以生产出类似酸奶或粉末的东西)”可知，本段讲述实验过程，因此E项“他们在没有氧气的情况下加热塑料，然后将其喂给一种以碳为食的细菌混合物。”符合语境，承上启下。故选E。 3．根据后文““We did a nutritional (营养的) research and it turned out to be almost a perfect food,” he says. “It turned out that the bacteria mixture that we were using, more or less, has a third each for the three major nutrients people need.”(“我们进行了营养研究，结果发现它几乎是一种完美的食物，”他说。“我们使用的细菌混合物中，几乎三分之一是人类所需的三大主要营养素之一。”)”可知，此处是一位研究人员介绍的研究结果，结合前文应是Joshua Pearce说的话，因此推断D项“虽然这听起来可能不太美味，但皮尔斯表示，这些细菌非常适合人类的需求。”符合语境，承接前一段，介绍实验的食物。故选D。 4．根据前文“If the idea is sound, a 500-metre-wide minor planet similar to Bennu, which NASA visited in 2020, could feed between 600 and 17,000 astronauts for a year, says Pearce.(如果这个想法是可行的，皮尔斯表示，一个类似2020年NASA访问的贝努小行星的500米宽的小行星，每年可以为600到17000名宇航员提供食物)”可知，实验成功后可以在一个500米宽的小行星，每年可以为600到17000名宇航员提供食物，因此推断G项“具体数字取决于细菌分解小行星碳物质的效率。”符合语境，与前文语境相符。故选G。 5．根据前文“A fully working minor planets food project would require an “industrial-sized smart machine” in space. This would take a long time to get everything in place.(一个完整的行星食物项目将需要一个“工业级智能机器”在太空中运行。这需要很长时间才能将一切安排妥当)”和后文“They plan to start off with coal and then moving to space rocks that have fallen to Earth.( 他们计划从煤炭开始，然后转向落到地球上的太空岩石)”可知，在太空运行的“工业级智能机器”需要很长时间才能安排妥当，研究人员计划从煤炭开始研究，因此推断B项“因此，研究人员希望在来年在较低水平上测试这个想法。”符合语境，前后文是因果关系，故选B。 Without these things, our daily lives would look much different. Some of us couldn’t watch television. Some of us couldn’t figure out how to navigate from one place to another when traveling. Some of us could be endangered by bad weather that we didn’t know was coming. 1 Man-made satellites, of course! Man-made satellites are machines that humans launch into orbit, usually around the Earth. The Soviet Union launched the first artificial satellite— Sputnik 1— on October 4, 1957. The United States launched its first artificial satellite— Explorer 1— about four months later. 2 Would you have ever guessed there are that many satellites up there in the sky, traveling around the Earth over and over again? 3 Satellites like the Hubble Space Telescope, the International Space Station, and the Russian Mir space station help scientists explore space in new and exciting ways. Communications satellites help us communicate with people all over the world. Weather satellites help us observe the Earth from space to help predict weather patterns. Radio and television satellites send us our favorite songs, movies, and television shows for us to enjoy. There’s even a group of satellites that make up the Global Positioning System（GPS）. 4 Satellites are launched into orbits at different distances from Earth. Some may be as close as 150 miles above Earth, while others may be as far away as 20,000 miles or more. When satellites stop working, they become orbiting “space junk” until gravity pulls them back to Earth. Although at least one piece of space junk returns to Earth every day, it’s rare that anyone ever notices. 5 A．What are we talking about? B．How many satellites are there in space? C．So no need to worry that the sky is falling! D．Satellites can be sent to orbit other planets, too. E．Man-made satellites are used for various purposes. F．Without these satellites, we might get lost while traveling. G．Over 3,000 satellites have been launched into space since then. 【答案】1．A 2．G 3．E 4．F 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人造卫星在通信、导航、天气预报和太空探索等方面的作用。 1．空格前的句子“Without these things, our daily lives would look much different. Some of us couldn’t watch television. Some of us couldn’t figure out how to navigate from one place to another when traveling. Some of us could be endangered by bad weather that we didn’t know was coming.(如果没有这些东西，我们的日常生活将会大不相同。我们中的一些人不能看电视。我们中的一些人在旅行时不知道如何从一个地方导航到另一个地方。我们中的一些人可能会受到我们不知道的坏天气的威胁。)”提到“these things”的重要性，但未提及“these things”指的是什么。而空格后的“Man-made satellites, of course!(当然是人造卫星了！)”显然是回答的某一问题，所以，空格处的句子肯定是问上文的“these things”指的是什么。所以，A项“What are we talking about?(我们在说什么？)”填入空格处，符合语境。故选A项。 2．根据空格后的句子“Would you have ever guessed there are that many satellites up there in the sky, traveling around the Earth over and over again?(你有没有想过天空中有那么多的卫星，一遍又一遍地围绕地球运行？)”可知，空格处的句子肯定提到“天空中有很多卫星”的事，所以，G项“Over 3,000 satellites have been launched into space since then.(从那时起，已经有3000多颗卫星被发射到太空。)”填入空格处，符合语境。故选G项。 3．空格处的句子是该部分的主题句。根据下文的内容“Satellites like the Hubble Space Telescope, the International Space Station, and the Russian Mir space station help scientists explore space in new and exciting ways. Communications satellites help us communicate with people all over the world. Weather satellites help us observe the Earth from space to help predict weather patterns. Radio and television satellites send us our favorite songs, movies, and television shows for us to enjoy.(哈勃太空望远镜、国际空间站和俄罗斯和平号空间站等卫星帮助科学家以新的、令人兴奋的方式探索太空。通信卫星帮助我们与世界各地的人通信。气象卫星帮助我们从太空观察地球，帮助预测天气模式。广播和电视卫星给我们发送我们最喜欢的歌曲、电影和电视节目让我们欣赏。)”可知，该部分说的是各类卫星的作用，所以，E项“Man-made satellites are used for various purposes.(人造卫星有各种用途。)”填入空格处，可以作为该段的主题句，符合语境。故选E项。 4．上文的内容“Satellites like the Hubble Space Telescope, the International Space Station, and the Russian Mir space station help scientists explore space in new and exciting ways. Communications satellites help us communicate with people all over the world. Weather satellites help us observe the Earth from space to help predict weather patterns. Radio and television satellites send us our favorite songs, movies, and television shows for us to enjoy.(哈勃太空望远镜、国际空间站和俄罗斯和平号空间站等卫星帮助科学家以新的、令人兴奋的方式探索太空。通信卫星帮助我们与世界各地的人通信。气象卫星帮助我们从太空观察地球，帮助预测天气模式。广播和电视卫星给我们发送我们最喜欢的歌曲、电影和电视节目让我们欣赏。)”主要说了各类卫星的作用，根据空格前的句子“There’s even a group of satellites that make up the Global Positioning System (GPS).(甚至还有一组卫星组成了全球定位系统)”可知，空格处的句子应该接着说GPS的作用，所以，F项“Without these satellites, we might get lost while traveling.(没有这些卫星，我们可能会在旅行中迷路。)”填入空格处，符合语境。故选F项。 5．根据空格前的句子“Although at least one piece of space junk returns to Earth every day, it’s rare that anyone ever notices.(尽管每天至少有一块太空垃圾返回地球，但很少有人注意到。)”可知，尽管每天都会有人造卫星形成的太空垃圾返回地球，但几乎没人注意到，也就是说，空格处的句子应该接着说我们不必担心这些太空垃圾对地球的影响。所以，C项“So no need to worry that the sky is falling!(所以不用担心天要塌下来了！)”填入空格处，符合语境。故选C项。 New invention to get astronauts moving in space NASA says that astronauts can lose as much as 10% of their bone density (骨密度) when they’re in space. That’s because there is no gravity for their bodies to push against. 1 . It is a machine that allows them to jump in zero gravity. Jumping in zero gravity would help build up bone density and muscle mass rather than astronauts losing this while in space. 2 . This is to maintain a healthy lifestyle and prevent them from losing too much muscle and bone density. John Kennett, the engineer of this project, says that his machine would cut the works down to just six minutes a day! It will allow astronauts to take part in a short but intense workout designed to build both muscle mass and bone density. John says that jumping is important to maintain good bone density. 3 . So he thinks his invention is the perfect solution. Former NASA astronaut Leroy Chiao says that exercising while in space is very important for a successful recovery once back on earth. He says he would welcome shorter workouts to ensure other duties on the spacecraft can still be completed. 4 . “When you’re jumping on this you can really feel it from your toes right through your shoulders,” she says. Experts say this machine could also save much- needed space on board. 5 . And it’s hoped it will join some astronauts in space by 2026! A．However, jumping in zero gravity is really hard. B．Now, astronauts don’t spend much time exercising. C．Next year the machine will be tested in zero gravity. D．Some people wonder whether the machine will work in space. E．At the moment astronauts spend up to two hours a day, six days a week exercising. F．An engineer from London has found the solution to keeping astronauts fit and healthy in space. G．Tess Morris- Paterson, who has been testing the machine, says the workout gives her full- body benefits. 【答案】1．F 2．E 3．A 4．G 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种可以让宇航员在太空中移动的新发明。 1．上文“NASA says that astronauts can lose as much as 10% of their bone density (骨密度) when they’re in space.(美国国家航空航天局表示，宇航员在太空中可能会失去高达10%的骨密度)”说明宇航员在太空中可能会失去部分骨密度，身体变得不健康，F项“一位来自伦敦的工程师找到了让宇航员在太空中保持健康的解决方案。”就上文所说明的情况给出对应的解决方法，并引出下文“It is a machine that allows them to jump in zero gravity.(这是一种让他们在零重力下跳跃的机器)”，It指代选项中的solution，说明具体的解决方法是可以让宇航员在零重力下跳跃的机器，F项承上启下，符合题意。故选F。 2．下文“This is to maintain a healthy lifestyle and prevent them from losing too much muscle and bone density.(这是为了保持健康的生活方式，防止他们失去太多的肌肉和骨密度)”说明宇航员会做某种活动，以保持健康生活方式，E项“目前，宇航员每周锻炼六天，每天锻炼两个小时。”具体介绍宇航员所做的活动是锻炼，并且介绍锻炼进行的时间，引出下文，符合题意。故选E。 3．上文“John says that jumping is important to maintain good bone density.(约翰说跳跃对于保持良好的骨密度很重要)”说明跳跃对于良好骨密度的重要性，A项“然而，在零重力下跳跃真的很难。”与上文形成转折关系，说明在太空的零重力条件下，跳跃很困难，由此引出下文内容“So he thinks his invention is the perfect solution.(所以他认为他的发明是完美的解决方案)”，A项承上启下，符合题意。故选A。 4．下文““When you’re jumping on this you can really feel it from your toes right through your shoulders,” she says.(她说：“当你跳上这个时，你真的可以从脚趾到肩膀感受到它。”)”说明这种机器可以让人感受到它的益处，G项“Tess Morris-Patterson一直在测试这台机器，她说这项锻炼对她的全身都有好处。”说明机器对身体有好处，引出下文内容，且选项中Tess Morris-Patterson由下文中she进行指代，G项符合题意。故选G。 5．下文“And it’s hoped it will join some astronauts in space by 2026!(希望到2026年，它能与一些宇航员一起进入太空！)”说明人们的期望，并结合常识可知，在正式使用机器之前，机器需经历一系列测试，C项“明年，这台机器将在零重力下进行测试。”符合逻辑，引出下文的期望，符合题意。故选C。 Over the last 60 years, many spacecraft have flown by, orbited and even landed on Mars. But human explorers could work faster and be more flexible than machines. Setting foot on Mars would be a major milestone in space exploration. 1 However, it is difficult to survive this adventure. First, a roundtrip to Mars causes many extra health risks. For one thing, floating in microgravity for long periods weakens bones and muscles. For another, it allows fluid to build up in the head. 2 Luckily, artificial gravity machines could help. Then there’s space radiation to worry about. The Earth’s magnetic field protects astronauts near Earth from high-energy cosmic (宇宙的) rays. Those cosmic rays might raise the risk of cancer and other health problems. 3 This increases the risk of developing the diseases. Taking certain vitamins could reduce the impacts. 4 Since astronauts can’t carry construction materials from Earth, scientists are dreaming up ways for astronauts to use materials on Mars. Long-term visitors would also need plenty of oxygen to breathe. A device on NASA’s Perseverance rover is currently laying the groundwork for a future Mars oxygen factory. Planning a trip to Mars isn’t just about keeping astronauts safe. 5 Humans are filled with microbes (微生物). And spreading those microbes could be bad for the search for life on Mars. As a result, a key part of responsible space exploration is making sure Earth bacteria don’t infect other planets. A．Exploring space always comes with risks. B．It also involves protecting Mars from astronauts. C．They can’t restock like astronauts on the space station do. D．On longer journeys astronauts would face prolonged exposure. E．That’s why certain nations are interested in dispatching humans to Mars. F．This can lead to increased pressure in the eyes and result in vision complications. G．Establishing and surviving in a Mars colony would present numerous challenges. 【答案】1．E 2．F 3．D 4．G 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人类探索火星所面临的挑战和困难。文章从多个角度分析了人类登陆火星的可能性和难点，包括健康风险、空间辐射、生存条件的建立以及保护火星环境等方面。 1．根据上文“Over the last 60 years, many spacecraft have flown by, orbited and even landed on Mars. But human explorers could work faster and be more flexible than machines. Setting foot on Mars would be a major milestone in space exploration. (在过去的60年里，许多航天器飞过火星，绕火星运行，甚至在火星上着陆。但人类探险者可以比机器工作得更快，更灵活。踏上火星将是太空探索的一个重要里程碑。)”可知，上文是解释为什么某些国家有兴趣将人类送往火星，本空应对此进行总结，E选项“That’s why certain nations are interested in dispatching humans to Mars. (这就是为什么某些国家有兴趣将人类送往火星。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。 2．根据上文“For another, it allows fluid to build up in the head. (另一方面，它会导致液体在头部积聚。)”可知，长时间在微重力环境下会导致头部积液，本空应继续解释这种现象导致的健康后果，F选项“This can lead to increased pressure in the eyes and result in vision complications. (这可能会导致眼睛压力增加，并导致视力并发症。)”说明了头部积液可能导致的视力问题，能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。 3．根据上文“Then there’s space radiation to worry about. The Earth’s magnetic field protects astronauts near Earth from high-energy cosmic (宇宙的) rays. Those cosmic rays might raise the risk of cancer and other health problems.  (然后还有空间辐射要担心。地球磁场保护地球附近的宇航员免受高能宇宙射线的伤害。这些宇宙射线可能会增加患癌症和其他健康问题的风险。)”可知，宇宙射线可能增加癌症和其他健康问题的风险，本空继续谈论这种暴露对于宇航员的影响，D选项“On longer journeys astronauts would face prolonged exposure. (在长途旅行中，宇航员将面临长时间的暴露。)”正好说明了在更长的旅程中，宇航员会面临更长时间的暴露在宇宙射线中，这增加了患病的风险，能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。 4．根据下文“Since astronauts can’t carry construction materials from Earth, scientists are dreaming up ways for astronauts to use materials on Mars. Long-term visitors would also need plenty of oxygen to breathe. A device on NASA’s Perseverance rover is currently laying the groundwork for a future Mars oxygen factory. (由于宇航员无法从地球上携带建筑材料，科学家们正在想方设法让宇航员在火星上使用材料。长期游客也需要大量的氧气来呼吸。美国宇航局‘毅力号’探测器上的一个设备目前正在为未来的火星氧气工厂奠定基础。)”可知，下文是具体解释在火星定居地建立和生存将面临的许多具体的挑战，G选项“Establishing and surviving in a Mars colony would present numerous challenges. (在火星定居地建立和生存将面临诸多挑战。)”概括了在火星建立和生存的挑战，能引出下文，符合题意。故选G。 5．根据下文“Humans are filled with microbes (微生物) . And spreading those microbes could be bad for the search for life on Mars. As a result, a key part of responsible space exploration is making sure Earth bacteria don’t infect other planets. (人类体内充满了微生物。传播这些微生物可能会对寻找火星上的生命造成不利影响。因此，负责任的太空探索的一个关键部分是确保地球上的细菌不会感染其他行星。)”可知，本空要引出后文宇航员可能给火星带来的不好的影响，B选项“It also involves protecting Mars from astronauts. (它还涉及保护火星免受宇航员的伤害。)”说明了除了保护宇航员外，还需要保护火星不受宇航员的影响，即避免地球微生物污染火星，能引出下文，符合题意。故选B。 Unit 5 课文词组 1. on the basis of 在某事的基础上；根据某事 2. take out a loan 取得贷款 3. in return 作为回报；作为回应 4. make a bet 打个赌 5. as a matter of fact 事实上；其实；说真的 6. by accident 偶然地；意外地 7. to be honest 说实话；坦率地说 8. ought to 应该；应当 9. care about关心；担心 10. be about to do sth 即将或正要(做某事) 11. have better not do sth最好别做某事 12. show sb out 带某人出去 13. in exactly an hour and a half正好一个半小时后 14. take part in 参加；参与 15. in case 以防；以防万一 16. to ... extent 到……程度；在……程度上 17. on duty 值班；值勤 18. in a ... manner 以一种……的方式；带着一副……的样子 19. in that case 既然那样；假使那样的话 20. be willing to do sth 愿意或乐意做某事 21. the upper class 上流社会；上等阶层 22. to one's surprise 令某人吃惊的是 23. take off 脱下；(飞机)起飞 练习 Discovering your life purpose can be a challenging journey, but there are strategies to clarify your path and find what truly matters. Set meaningful goals. Start by identifying your core values and setting goals that align (使一致) with them. 1 For instance, if you value kindness, you might aim to volunteer regularly. If you care about the environment, you could start by recycling at home and gradually take on bigger projects. Address your fears. 2 It’s important to recognize your fears and question their validity. Are they based on reality, or are they just holding you back? Consider discussing your fears with a trusted friend who can offer different viewpoints and help you find ways to overcome them. 3 Your interests can provide clues about your life purpose. If you’re unsure what your interests are, ask friends or family for their insights. You might already be engaging in activities that reflect your likes without realizing it. Think about what you enjoy and what you’re good at, and consider how these can be incorporated into your life. Start small to gain steady progress. Finding your purpose can feel overwhelming, so it’s important to start with small manageable steps. If you’re considering a career change, for example, begin by researching the field rather than making immediate changes, 4 Build your community. Connecting with others who share your interests in a community can enhance your sense of purpose. 5 Engaging with like-minded individuals can also inspire you to stay committed to your journey. A．Explore your passions. B．Participate in activities. C．Different viewpoints are beneficial to you. D．It doesn’t have to be related to your career. E．Sometimes, anxiety can prevent you from pursuing your goals. F．This gradual approach can help you gain confidence as you move forward. G．Joining one allows you to work towards common goals and provides support. 【答案】1．D 2．E 3．A 4．F 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了发现人生目标的一些策略，包括设定有意义的目标、直面恐惧、探索兴趣、从小事做起以及建立社交圈等。 1．根据上文“Set meaningful goals. Start by identifying your core values and setting goals that align (使一致) with them. (设定有意义的目标。首先要确定你的核心价值观，并设定与之相符的目标。)”以及下文“For instance, if you value kindness, you might aim to volunteer regularly. If you care about the environment, you could start by recycling at home and gradually take on bigger projects. (例如，如果你重视善良，你可能会目标定期做志愿者。如果你关心环境，你可以从在家回收利用开始，然后逐渐承担更大的项目。)”可知，设定的目标不一定与职业相关，D选项“It doesn’t have to be related to your career. (它不一定与你的职业相关。)”符合语境，“It”指代上文设定的目标，且与下文举例内容相呼应。故选D项。 2．根据上文“Address your fears. (直面你的恐惧。)”以及下文“It’s important to recognize your fears and question their validity. Are they based on reality, or are they just holding you back? (认识到你的恐惧并质疑它们的合理性是很重要的。它们是基于现实的，还是仅仅在阻碍你？)”可知，恐惧会对追求目标产生阻碍，E选项“Sometimes, anxiety can prevent you from pursuing your goals. (有时，焦虑会阻止你追求目标。)”中的“anxiety”与上文“fears”相呼应，说明了恐惧（焦虑）对追求目标的影响。故选E项。 3．根据下文“Your interests can provide clues about your life purpose. If you’re unsure what your interests are, ask friends or family for their insights. You might already be engaging in activities that reflect your likes without realizing it. Think about what you enjoy and what you’re good at, and consider how these can be incorporated into your life. (你的兴趣可以为你的人生目标提供线索。如果你不确定自己的兴趣是什么，可以向朋友或家人征求他们的见解。你可能已经在不知不觉中参与了反映你喜好的活动。想想你喜欢什么、擅长什么，并考虑如何将这些融入你的生活。)”可知，此段主要围绕探索兴趣展开，A选项“Explore your passions. (探索你的兴趣爱好。)”中的“passions”与下文“interests”、“likes”意思相近，且能很好地概括段落主旨。故选A项。 4．根据上文“Start small to gain steady progress. Finding your purpose can feel overwhelming, so it’s important to start with small manageable steps. If you’re considering a career change, for example, begin by researching the field rather than making immediate changes. (从小事做起，稳步前进。发现你的人生目标可能会让人不知所措，所以从可管理的小步骤开始很重要。例如，如果你考虑换工作，先研究这个领域，而不是立即做出改变。)”可知，这种逐步推进的方式有助于取得进步，F选项“This gradual approach can help you gain confidence as you move forward. (这种渐进的方法可以帮助你在前进的过程中获得信心。)”中的“This gradual approach”指代上文从小事做起的方法，进一步说明了这种方法的好处。故选F项。 5．根据上文“Build your community. Connecting with others who share your interests in a community can enhance your sense of purpose. (建立你的社交圈。在一个社交圈中与那些和你有共同兴趣的人建立联系可以增强你的目标感。)”以及下文“Engaging with like-minded individuals can also inspire you to stay committed to your journey. (与志同道合的人交往也可以激励你坚持自己的人生道路。)”可知，加入社交圈有诸多好处，G选项“Joining one allows you to work towards common goals and provides support. (加入一个社交圈能让你朝着共同的目标努力，并提供支持。)”中的“Joining one”与上文“Build your community”相呼应，说明了加入社交圈的作用。故选G项。 It’s easy to recognize aggressive behaviour. Somebody says threatening things or maybe even uses physical abuse. 1 Simply put, passive-aggressive behaviour refers to behaviour that is indirect and typically results from negative feelings that the individual has difficulty directly — or openly — expressing. 2 The fact that it is often unnoticeable and not direct yet very aggressive causes victims to question whether they are imagining things. They may not understand what is happening at first, which is part of why it can be painful. Here are some signs of passive-aggressive behaviour, along with tips on how to deal with it. Backhanded compliments There’s a big difference between a compliment (“That’s a beautiful dress”) and a backhanded compliment (“That’s a beautiful dress — I had the same one in high school”). One makes you feel better; the other leaves you feeling worse. Then, how can you deal with offense hidden in compliments? 3 You may express to him/her that the offense was hurtful to you. You can alternatively choose to ignore it, but it’s important not to use it as a point of self-criticism. Remember, it’s about that person and his/her inappropriate behaviour — not about you. Refusal to state feelings A person is clearly bothered by something, but when you ask them what’s wrong, they shrug it off or say “nothing”. 4 It may be because they are themselves depressed. It may also be because they are scared of dealing with a negative emotion and don’t have the right skills for approaching it. 5 It is significant to welcome their expression of both negative and positive emotion. When we don’t give them a safe outlet to express their feelings, this can lead them to behave in a passive-aggressive manner. A．What drives people to act so rudely? B．Avoid conflict and let the comment slide. C．For receivers, it can be emotionally upsetting. D．Why do some people keep their feelings bottled inside? E．Share your feelings with someone you otherwise feel safe with. F．This is why it’s important not to tell children to “just get on with it”. G．Passive-aggressive behaviour, on the other hand, is harder to recognize. 【答案】1．G 2．C 3．E 4．D 5．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了被动攻击行为的特点、影响以及应对方法。 1．上文“It’s easy to recognize aggressive behaviour. Somebody says threatening things or maybe even uses physical abuse.(很容易识别出攻击性行为。有人说威胁性的话，甚至使用身体暴力。)”描述了攻击性行为的表现，下文“Simply put, passive-aggressive behaviour refers to behaviour that is indirect and typically results from negative feelings that the individual has difficulty directly — or openly — expressing.(简单地说，被动攻击性行为指的是间接的行为，通常源于个人难以直接或公开表达的负面情绪。)”描述了被动攻击性行为的表现，设空处承上启下，与上文形成转折关系，G项“另一方面，被动攻击性行为更难识别。”符合语境。故选G项。 2．上文“Simply put, passive-aggressive behaviour refers to behaviour that is indirect and typically results from negative feelings that the individual has difficulty directly — or openly — expressing.(简单地说，被动攻击性行为指的是间接的行为，通常源于个人难以直接或公开表达的负面情绪。)”指出被动攻击性行为源于负面情绪，C项“对于接收者来说，这可能会让他们情绪低落。”承接上文，指出被动攻击性行为对接收者的影响，且下文“The fact that it is often unnoticeable and not direct yet very aggressive causes victims to question whether they are imagining things.(事实上，它通常是不明显的，也不是直接的，但却非常具有攻击性，这让受害者怀疑自己是否在想象。)”进一步解释了被动攻击性行为对接收者的影响。故选C项。 3．上文“Then, how can you deal with offense hidden in compliments?(那么，你该如何应对赞美中隐藏的冒犯呢？)”提出问题，下文“You may express to him/her that the offense was hurtful to you. You can alternatively choose to ignore it...(你可以向他/她表达这种冒犯伤害了你。或者你也可以选择忽略它……)”给出了应对方法，E项“和你感觉安全的人分享你的感受”也是一种应对方式，且从逻辑上来说，先分享感受，再决定是表达伤害还是忽略，符合语境。故选E。 4．上文“A person is clearly bothered by something, but when you ask them what’s wrong, they shrug it off or say nothing.(一个人显然被某事困扰着，但当你问他们怎么了，他们会耸耸肩说没什么。)”描述了一种行为表现，下文“It may be because they are themselves depressed. It may also be because they are scared of dealing with a negative emotion and don’t have the right skills for approaching it.(这可能是因为他们自己也很沮丧。也可能是因为他们害怕处理负面情绪，没有正确的方法来处理。)”解释了有这种行为表现的原因，设空处承上启下，D项“为什么有些人把感情藏在心里？”符合语境。故选D项。 5．上文“It may be because they are themselves depressed. It may also be because they are scared of dealing with a negative emotion and don’t have the right skills for approaching it.(这可能是因为他们自己也很沮丧。也可能是因为他们害怕处理负面情绪，没有正确的方法来处理。)”解释了有些人把感情藏在心里的原因，下文“It is significant to welcome their expression of both negative and positive emotion.(欢迎他们表达积极和消极的情绪是很重要的。)”指出要欢迎他们表达情绪，设空处与下文形成因果关系，F项“这就是为什么重要的是不要告诉孩子“继续做下去”。”符合语境。故选F项。 As technology continues to advance at an unbelievable pace, the role of AI has expanded into our daily lives, influencing how we work, create and even relax. 1 Imagine a world where AI handles your household chores. Smart appliances equipped with AI can sort wash and fold laundry, while others take care of the dishes and clean the floors. These applications can save us time. By freeing us from the routine tasks, AI allows us to spend time and energy on what truly inspires us. 2 It enriches human life by allowing us to focus on what truly matters. AI also has the potential to bring about changes to the way we work, perhaps giving us the opportunity to work less. 3 In this way, perhaps you can trial five-hour workday instead of working the traditional eight. While AI offers numerous advantages, there is a risk associated with over-reliance on these technologies. 4 When AI becomes the primary source of ideas and innovation, the uniqueness of human creativity may be lost. The use of AI in our lives should be approached with a balance between human well-being and creativity. While AI handles the ordinary, humans need to thrive in areas that require critical thinking and innovation. 5 . A．The demand for workplace skills will also improve. B．The balance ensures AI serves humans, rather than as opponents. C．AI holds endless possibilities for more fulfilling life in the future. D．AI can do simple and routine tasks you perform as part of your job. E．Dependence on AI for creative work can decrease human creativity. F．This transforms AI from a tool into an enabler of a more fulfilling life. G．The essence of AI is to take over repetitive and time-consuming tasks. 【答案】1．G 2．F 3．D 4．E 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了AI如何通过接管日常任务提升人类生活质量，同时也警示过度依赖AI可能削弱创造力，强调人机协作的平衡至关重要。 1．后文“Imagine a world where AI handles your household chores. Smart appliances equipped with AI can sort wash and fold laundry, while others take care of the dishes and clean the floors. (想象这样一个世界：AI帮你打理所有家务。搭载AI的智能家电能自动分类清洗并叠好衣物，其他设备则负责洗碗拖地)”举例说明AI如何帮助处理家务，此处作为段首句，应该是概括性的句子，点明AI的本质，因此G项“The essence of AI is to take over repetitive and time-consuming tasks. (AI的本质是接管重复性任务)”符合语境，统领后文，其中的repetitive and time-consuming tasks和后文的household chores呼应。故选G。 2．前文“By freeing us from the routine tasks, AI allows us to spend time and energy on what truly inspires us. (通过将我们从日常琐事中解放出来，AI让我们能把时间和精力投入到真正激发灵感的事物上)”指出AI节省时间，让人专注于真正重要的事，后文“It enriches human life by allowing us to focus on what truly matters. (它让我们能够专注于真正重要的事物，从而丰富了人类的生活)”提到AI丰富人类生活，此处应该是AI如何提升生活质量的过渡句，因此F项“This transforms AI from a tool into an enabler of a more fulfilling life. (这使AI从工具转变为更充实生活的推动者)”符合语境，强调AI的角色转变，承前启后，其中的This指代前一句内容。故选F。 3．前文“AI also has the potential to bring about changes to the way we work, perhaps giving us the opportunity to work less. (与此同时，AI还可能改变我们的工作方式，甚至可能让我们减少工作时长)”指出AI改变工作方式，后文“In this way, perhaps you can trial five-hour workday instead of working the traditional eight. (如此一来，你或许可以尝试每天工作五小时，而非传统的八小时工作制)”举例5小时工作制，此处需说明AI如何实现这一点，因此D项“AI can do simple and routine tasks you perform as part of your job. (AI可以完成你工作中简单且重复的任务)”符合语境，解释AI接管常规任务，承前启后。故选D。 4．前文“While AI offers numerous advantages, there is a risk associated with over-reliance on these technologies. (尽管AI带来诸多优势，但过度依赖这项技术也存在风险)”指出过度依赖AI有风险，后文“When AI becomes the primary source of ideas and innovation, the uniqueness of human creativity may be lost. (当AI成为创意和创新的主要来源时，人类创造力的独特性可能会消失)”具体说明人类创造力有消失的风险，此处应点明对创造力的危害，因此E项“Dependence on AI for creative work can decrease human creativity. (依赖AI完成创造性工作会削弱人类创造力)”符合语境，承前启后，其中的Dependence和前文的over-reliance呼应，human creativity在后文有同词复现。故选E。 5．前文“The use of AI in our lives should be approached with a balance between human well-being and creativity. While AI handles the ordinary, humans need to thrive in areas that require critical thinking and innovation. (在我们生活中运用AI时，需要在人类福祉与创造力之间寻求平衡。当AI处理常规事务时，人类更应专注于需要批判性思维和创新精神的领域)”指出需平衡AI的使用，此处应陈述平衡的意义，因此B项“The balance ensures AI serves humans, rather than as opponents. (这种平衡确保AI服务于人类，而非成为对立面)”符合语境，承接前文，其中的balance在前文有同词复现。故选B。 There’s a situation every traveler fears most: waiting at the carousel (行李传送带) until the very last suitcase has been picked up, and realizing yours isn’t there. There are a lot of systems in place to make sure suitcases don’t get lost during air travel. 1 If you have travel coming up and are hoping to avoid this frustrating, potentially trip-ruining situation, we’ve got you covered. Make sure your suitcase is noticeable. If you have a basic dark blue or black suitcase like everyone else, try to place a distinct piece of decoration on it, like colorful luggage tags. 2 Choose direct flights when possible. It isn’t always possible — or affordable — to choose a direct flight. 3 Direct flights reduce the risk of your luggage being mishandled during transfers. If you must have a stopover, try to allow ample time between connections. 4 When it comes to air travel, we’re taught that the earlier you get to the airport, the better. And for the most part that’s true — but checking in too early comes with risks. If you show up four to six hours before departure to check in, luggage might go into a holding area instead of the area for your flight. If this happens, your luggage can get lost more easily. If your luggage does happen to get lost, it’s important to alert the airline as quickly as possible. 5 Sometimes, reaching out to the airline on social media can quicken the process. Many airlines monitor their social media accounts closely and respond quickly to public posts. A．Get to the airport early, but not too early. B．But when it is, it’s wise to skip the stopover. C．This helps prevent someone else from mistakenly taking your suitcase. D．But a tracker can’t technically stop your suitcase from getting lost. E．While basic black luggage will never go out of style, it doesn’t stand out. F．However, due to the fact that we’re all human, it does happen occasionally. G．Provide them with a detailed description of your luggage and unique identifiers. 【答案】1．F 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些避免航空旅行中行李丢失的方法。 1．上文“There are a lot of systems in place to make sure suitcases don’t get lost during air travel.(有很多系统来确保行李箱在航空旅行中不会丢失)”表明有保障措施防止行李丢失，F选项“However, due to the fact that we’re all human, it does happen occasionally.(然而，由于我们都是人，这种情况偶尔还是会发生)”与上文构成转折关系，说明尽管有保障措施，但行李丢失的情况仍会偶尔出现，进而引出下文的解决方案，上下文逻辑连贯。故选F项。 2．上文“Make sure your suitcase is noticeable. If you have a basic dark blue or black suitcase like everyone else, try to place a distinct piece of decoration on it, like colorful luggage tags.(确保你的行李箱引人注目。如果你和其他人一样有一个普通的深蓝色或黑色行李箱，试着在上面放一个独特的装饰品，比如彩色行李牌)”建议让行李箱变得显眼，C选项“This helps prevent someone else from mistakenly taking your suitcase.(这有助于防止别人误拿你的行李箱)”解释了这样做的好处，即防止他人误拿，句中“This”指代上文“在行李箱上放独特装饰品”这一行为。故选C项。 3．上文“Choose direct flights when possible. It isn’t always possible — or affordable — to choose a direct flight.(尽可能选择直飞航班。选择直飞航班并不总是可行或负担得起的)”提到选择直飞航班存在困难，B选项“But when it is, it’s wise to skip the stopover.(但当可行时，明智的做法是不转机)”与上文构成转折关系，说明当有条件选择直飞航班时，不转机是明智的，因为直飞可降低行李在转机时被误处理的风险，上下文逻辑连贯。故选B项。 4．下文“When it comes to air travel, we’re taught that the earlier you get to the airport, the better. And for the most part that’s true — but checking in too early comes with risks.(在航空旅行方面，我们被教导越早到机场越好。在很大程度上这是对的——但过早办理登机手续是有风险的)”围绕到机场时间展开，说明不能过早到机场，A选项“Get to the airport early, but not too early.(早点到机场，但不要太早)”引出了这一话题，与下文内容相符。故选A项。 5．上文“If your luggage does happen to get lost, it’s important to alert the airline as quickly as possible.(如果你的行李真的丢了，尽快通知航空公司很重要)”说明行李丢失后要尽快联系航空公司，G选项“Provide them with a detailed description of your luggage and unique identifiers.(向他们提供你行李的详细描述和独特标识)”进一步说明联系航空公司后应做的事，即提供行李的详细信息，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$