2026届高考英语二轮复习语法填空专项训练

背诵知识点 （一） 一、重难点词汇 1. rescue v. & n. 营救；援救 用法：rescue sb. from... 从……营救某人 写作拓展：The brave firefighters rescued many people from the burning building.（勇敢的消防员从着火的大楼里营救了许多人。） 2. settle v. 使定居；安排；解决 用法：settle down 定居；平静下来；settle in 适应（新环境等） 写作拓展：It took him a long time to settle down in the new city.（他花了很长时间才在新城市里安定下来。） 3. block v. 堵塞；阻塞；n. 街区；大块 用法：block sth. up 堵塞某物 写作拓展：The heavy snow blocked up the roads, causing great inconvenience to people.（大雪堵塞了道路，给人们带来了极大的不便。） 4. casualty n. 伤亡人员；受害者 用法：常与动词cause, reduce等搭配 写作拓展：The earthquake caused a large number of casualties.（这次地震造成了大量的人员伤亡。） 二、重难点短语 5. call for 要求；需要 用法：后接名词、动名词等作宾语 写作拓展：The situation calls for immediate action.（这种情况需要立即采取行动。） 6. lead to 导致；造成（后果） 用法：to为介词，后接名词、动名词 写作拓展：Eating too much junk food can lead to health problems.（吃太多垃圾食品会导致健康问题。） 7. in danger 处于危险中 用法：作表语或后置定语 写作拓展：We should help those animals in danger.（我们应该帮助那些处于危险中的动物。） 8. be in a critical time for 处于……的关键时期 用法：for后接名词或动名词 写作拓展：We are in a critical time for our final exams.（我们正处于期末考试的关键时期。） 三、重难点句式 9. Xi, who is also general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, said... 句式分析：此句中who引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词Xi进行补充说明。 写作拓展：My English teacher, who has rich teaching experience, always encourages us to speak English bravely.（我的英语老师，有着丰富的教学经验，总是鼓励我们勇敢地说英语。） 10. This year's main flood season has had big differences between regions, with serious droughts and floods. Flooding in northern China has been worse than in the south. 句式分析：with serious droughts and floods为with复合结构，在句中作状语；than引导比较状语从句，在从句中常省略与主句相同的部分。 写作拓展：Our school has made great progress in various aspects, with more advanced facilities and better - trained teachers. The performance of our class has been better than that of other classes.（我们学校在各个方面都取得了很大的进步，有了更先进的设施和更优秀的教师。我们班的表现比其他班级更好。） （二） 一、重难点词汇 1. heritage 词性：名词 释义：遗产；传统；继承物 拓展：常见搭配 intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产）、natural heritage（自然遗产） 例句：The ancient temple is part of our cultural heritage.（这座古庙是我们文化遗产的一部分。） 2. sterilization 词性：名词 释义：杀菌；消毒 拓展：动词形式为 sterilize；相关短语 sterilization method（杀菌方法）、heat sterilization（热力杀菌） 例句：Proper sterilization is essential for food safety.（适当的杀菌对食品安全至关重要。） 3. sensation 词性：名词 释义：轰动；引起轰动的人或事；感觉 拓展：短语 create a sensation（引起轰动）；形容词形式为 sensational（轰动的） 例句：The new invention created a sensation in the scientific community.（这项新发明在科学界引起了轰动。） 4. competitive 词性：形容词 释义：有竞争力的；竞争的 拓展：名词形式为 competition；短语 competitive edge（竞争优势）、competitive market（竞争市场） 例句：Our products have a competitive price in the international market.（我们的产品在国际市场上具有价格竞争力。） 二、重点短语 5. cultural power move 释义：文化力量之举；体现文化影响力的行动 用法：用于描述某事物在文化层面展现出的影响力和重要作用 例句：The spread of Chinese martial arts around the world is a cultural power move.（中国武术在全球的传播是一种文化力量之举。） 6. shelf life 释义：保质期；保存期限 用法：用于描述食品、药品等可保存的时间长度 例句：This kind of bread has a shelf life of three days.（这种面包的保质期为三天。） 7. shift from...to... 释义：从…… 转变为…… 用法：表示事物在状态、性质、方向等方面发生的改变 例句：The company has shifted from traditional manufacturing to high-tech industries.（该公司已从传统制造业转向高科技产业。） 三、重要句式及拓展 8. Its contrasting features became its brand: the smell repels, the flavor attracts. 结构分析：主句 + 冒号 + 并列句（解释说明前文内容） 拓展思路：冒号用于引出对前文内容的具体解释或说明，使表达更清晰 拓展句子：The city has a unique charm: the ancient buildings stand tall, and the modern streets are bustling.（这座城市有着独特的魅力：古老的建筑矗立着，现代化的街道熙熙攘攘。） 9. It mixes use with interesting stories, showing China’s shift from “world’s factory” to a global taste-maker. 结构分析：主句 + 现在分词短语作伴随状语 拓展思路：现在分词短语补充说明主句动作带来的结果或伴随的情况 拓展句子：The festival combines traditional customs with modern elements, showing the vitality of cultural heritage.（这个节日将传统习俗与现代元素相结合，展现了文化遗产的活力。） 10. This cultural uniqueness may be its greatest competitive edge, helping the world see China in a new way. 结构分析：主句 + 现在分词短语作结果状语 拓展思路：现在分词短语表示主句内容所产生的自然结果 拓展句子：The development of digital technology has brought great changes to our life, helping people communicate more conveniently.（数字技术的发展给我们的生活带来了巨大变化，使人们交流更便捷。） （三） 一、重难点词汇 1. spark 词性：动词 / 名词 释义：引发；触发（动词）；火花；火星（名词） 拓展：近义词有 trigger、cause；常见搭配 spark alarm（引发警惕）、spark a debate（引发争论） 例句：The new policy sparked a heated discussion among the public.（这项新政策在公众中引发了激烈讨论。） 2. alleged 词性：形容词 释义：被指控的；涉嫌的 拓展：动词形式为 allege；常见搭配 alleged crime（被指控的罪行）、alleged misconduct（涉嫌的不当行为） 例句：The alleged thief was arrested by the police yesterday.（涉嫌偷窃的人昨天被警方逮捕了。） 3. embezzlement 词性：名词 释义：侵占；挪用（公款等） 拓展：动词形式为 embezzle；相关短语 embezzlement of funds（挪用资金） 例句：He was sentenced to prison for embezzlement of company assets.（他因侵占公司资产被判刑入狱。） 4. ordination 词性：名词 释义：（牧师、僧侣等的）授职；任命 拓展：动词形式为 ordain；短语 ordination certificate（授职证书） 例句：His ordination as a priest will take place next month.（他的牧师授职仪式将于下月举行。） 5. neglect 词性：动词 / 名词 释义：忽视；忽略（动词 / 名词） 拓展：近义词有 ignore；短语 neglect one's duties（玩忽职守）、neglect of duty（失职） 例句：Parents should not neglect their children's education.（父母不应忽视孩子的教育。） 二、重点短语 6. give a warning to 释义：向…… 发出警告 用法：表示提醒某人注意可能出现的问题或危险 例句：The teacher gave a warning to the students about the importance of safety.（老师就安全的重要性向学生们发出了警告。） 三、重要句式及拓展 7. Two days later, the association took back his ordination certificate, which proves one is a monk. 结构分析：时间状语 + 主句 + which 引导的非限制性定语从句 拓展思路：定语从句修饰先行词，解释说明先行词的作用或意义 拓展句子：He received a scholarship, which helps him continue his studies.（他获得了奖学金，这有助于他继续学业。） 8. He may face severe legal punishment and, as Buddhist karmic law suggests, serious karmic consequences. 结构分析：主句 + 插入语（as 引导）+ 并列宾语 拓展思路：插入语用于补充说明，使句子表达更严谨，as 在此处表示 “正如…… 所说” 拓展句子：We should protect the environment, as scientists have warned, for the sake of our future.（正如科学家所警告的，我们应该保护环境，为了我们的未来。） 9. Some religious leaders have been careless in practice, neglecting self-discipline and letting their faith shake, finally losing Buddhist ethics. 结构分析：主句 + 现在分词短语作结果状语（多个分词短语并列） 拓展思路：多个现在分词短语依次说明动作带来的连锁结果，使逻辑更连贯 拓展句子：He kept staying up late, neglecting his health and losing focus in study, finally failing the exam.（他一直熬夜，忽视健康，学习注意力不集中，最后考试不及格。） 10. The association supports handling the case lawfully and promises to strengthen strict governance. 结构分析：主句（谓语为 and 连接的并列动词） 拓展思路：and 连接两个并列的谓语动词，体现动作的并列关系 拓展句子：The government advocates protecting the environment and promises to take more effective measures.（政府倡导保护环境，并承诺采取更有效的措施。） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 语法填空（一） Flash Floods in Gansu President Xi Jinping has called for full efforts to search for and rescue the missing, move and settle those in danger, reduce deaths as much as possible, and quickly repair communications and transportation after flash floods in Northwest China's Gansu province. The floods killed 10 people and 1.______ (leave) 33 missing. Gansu had heavy rains starting on Thursday. This 2.______ (lead) to flash floods in Yuzhong county, which is in Lanzhou, the capital of the province. China Central Television said the floods blocked roads and made over 4,000 people 3.______ (stay) in the area. In his words about the disaster, Xi, 4.______ is also general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, said local governments and related departments must not become careless 5.______ the recent extreme weather. He asked for better systems to forecast and warn about disasters, more work to find and fix hidden risks, higher attention during emergency duties, and special measures for flood control and relief 6.______ (keep) people safe during the flood season. Premier Li Qiang also gave an order. He wanted a complete search and rescue 7.______ those who are missing or trapped. Li pointed out that China is still 8.______ a critical time for flood control from late July to early August. He asked the State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters to tell local authorities to raise alert levels, improve monitoring and warning systems, and try their best 9.______ (reduce) casualties. This year's main flood season has had big differences between regions, with serious droughts and floods. Flooding in northern China has been worse 10.______ in the south. 语法填空（二） When snail soup becomes a cultural power move One of China's most famous food exports today smells like gym socks but tastes great: luosifen, a rice noodle dish with a strong snail broth. Once a simple street food in Liuzhou, it's now popular online and in global supermarkets. In the 1970s, workers in Liuzhou mixed leftover pickled bamboo shoots, tofu skin and river snail soup 1. ______ make a sour-spicy bowl. Its contrasting features became its brand: the smell repels, the flavor attracts. In 2018, it got a national geographical indication, and in 2021, it 2. ______ (list) as a national intangible cultural heritage. Tech and transport helped it go global. Food tech created sterilization and vacuum-packaging methods 3. ______ extended its shelf life from 30 to 180 days. A new trade corridor cut shipping time by up to 20 days, 4. ______ (make) global delivery easier. Social media turned it into a sensation, with influencers like Li Ziqi showing it not just as food, 5. ______ as a praise for rural life. Luosifen's popularity is not an accident, 6. ______ a sign of cultural confidence. It mixes use with 7. ______ (interest) stories, showing China's shift from "world's factory" to a global taste-maker. This cultural uniqueness may be 8. ______ greatest competitive edge, 9. ______ (help) the world see China 10. ______ a new way. 语法填空（三） Shaolin Temple abbot's case sparks alarm in Buddhist community The case of Shi Yongxin, former abbot of the famous Shaolin Temple, has given a warning to China's Buddhist community, the Buddhist Association of China said. On July 27, Shaolin Temple announced Shi was being investigated 1. ______ alleged embezzlement and affairs with women, having at least one child. Two days later, the association took back his ordination certificate, 2. ______ proves one is a monk. The association said Shi's actions 3. ______ (ruin) his spiritual life, damaged Buddhism's ethics and hurt the monastic community's image. He may face severe legal punishment and, 4. ______ Buddhist karmic law suggests, serious karmic consequences. The case has shown 5. ______ (weak) in managing Buddhist groups and places. Internal supervision needs 6. ______ (improve). Some religious leaders have been careless in practice, 7. ______ (neglect) self-discipline and letting their faith shake, 8. ______ (final) losing Buddhist ethics. The association supports handling the case lawfully and promises 9. ______ (strengthen) strict governance. Those 10. ______ break rules will be punished. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 语法填空（一）答案详解 本文主要讲述了甘肃发生山洪后，习近平主席和李强总理分别作出指示，要求全力搜救失踪人员、做好防汛救灾工作以保障民众安全，还提及当前防汛关键期及南北地区洪涝情况差异。 1. left详解：考点为时态。此处与前面的 “killed” 是并列关系，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，leave 的过去式是 left，所以填 left。 2. led详解：考点为时态。前文提到 “had heavy rains”，是过去的动作，此处 “导致洪水” 也是过去发生的，应用一般过去时，lead 的过去式是 led，所以填 led。 3. stay详解：考点为非谓语动词。“make sb do sth” 是固定结构，意为 “使某人做某事”，此处表示 “使超过 4000 人留在该地区”，所以填动词原形 stay。 4. who详解：考点为定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是 “Xi”，指人，在从句中作主语，关系代词用 who，所以填 who。 5. with详解：考点为介词。“with” 此处表示 “由于，鉴于”，结合语境 “鉴于最近的极端天气”，所以填 with。 6. to keep详解：考点为非谓语动词。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，采取这些措施的目的是 “保证人们安全”，所以填 to keep。 7. for详解：考点为固定搭配。“search and rescue for...” 是固定短语，意为 “搜寻……”，所以填 for。 8. in详解：考点为介词。“in a critical time” 表示 “在关键时期”，是固定搭配，所以填 in。 9. to reduce详解：考点为固定短语。“try one's best to do sth” 是固定短语，意为 “尽某人最大努力做某事”，所以填 to reduce。 10. than详解：考点为比较级。根据前面的 “worse” 可知，此处是比较级结构，“worse than...” 表示 “比…… 更糟糕”，所以填 than。 语法填空（二）答案详解 本文介绍了螺蛳粉从柳州街头小吃发展为全球热门食品的历程，包括其起源、获得的认可，以及科技、运输和社交媒体的推动作用，体现了中国的文化自信。 1. 答案：to 知识点：不定式作目的状语，“mix...to do...”表示“混合……来做……”，此处指工人混合食材制作酸辣汤。 2. 答案：was listed 知识点：一般过去时的被动语态，主语“it”与“list”是被动关系，结合时间“2021”，故用“was listed”。 3. 答案：that/which 知识点：定语从句关系代词，指代先行词“methods”（物），在从句中作主语，故用“that/which”。 4. 答案：making 知识点：现在分词作结果状语，“cut shipping time”与“make global delivery easier”是主动的因果关系，故用“making”。 5. 答案：but 知识点：并列连词，“not just...but...”表示“不只是……更是……”，连接“食物”与“对乡村生活的赞美”。 6. 答案：but 知识点：并列连词，“not...but...”表示“不是……而是……”，说明流行是文化自信的体现而非偶然。 7. 答案：interesting 知识点：形容词作定语，“interesting”修饰名词“stories”，表示“有趣的故事”。 8. 答案：its 知识点：形容词性物主代词，指代“China's”，修饰“greatest competitive edge”，表示“它的最大竞争优势”。 9. 答案：helping 知识点：现在分词作伴随状语，“cultural uniqueness”与“help”是主动关系，故用“helping”。 10. 答案：in 知识点：介词固定搭配，“in a new way”表示“以一种新的方式”，是固定短语。 语法填空（三）答案详解 本文讲述了少林寺前住持释永信因涉嫌挪用资金、私生活不端被调查，中国佛教协会指出其行为的危害，强调需加强佛教界管理与自律。 1. 答案：for 知识点：介词表原因，“be investigated for...”为固定搭配，意为“因……被调查”，此处指因涉嫌挪用资金等问题被调查。 2. 答案：which 知识点：非限制性定语从句关系代词，指代先行词“ordination certificate”（物），在从句中作主语，故用“which”。 3. 答案：ruined 知识点：一般过去时，与后文“damaged”“hurt”时态一致，共同描述过去发生的动作，故用“ruined”。 4. 答案：as 知识点：连词引导方式状语从句，“as”在此处意为“正如”，引导从句说明“佛教因果律所表明的”。 5. 答案：weaknesses 知识点：名词作宾语，“show”后需接名词，“weak”的名词形式“weakness”表“缺陷”，用复数“weaknesses”与“places”呼应。 6. 答案：to be improved 知识点：不定式的被动语态，“need to be done”表示“需要被……”，此处指内部监管需要被改进。 7. 答案：neglecting 知识点：现在分词作伴随状语，与“letting”并列，“leaders”与“neglect”是主动关系，故用“neglecting”。 8. 答案：finally 知识点：副词作状语，修饰动词“losing”，“final”的副词形式“finally”表示“最终”。 9. 答案：to strengthen 知识点：不定式作宾语，“promise to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“承诺做某事”，此处指承诺加强严格管理。 10. 答案：who 知识点：定语从句关系代词，指代先行词“Those”（指人），在从句中作主语，故用“who”。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$