内容正文:
Preparing
Lesson 3 Pronunciation
Sonorization & Incomplete plosion
Unit 1 My Dream Job
1
Lesson Objectives:
In this lesson, we will be able to:
1. 认知理解:能识别单词中的浊化现象和不完全爆破发音,
掌握其基本规则。
2. 应用实践:能在口语中运用浊化和不完全爆破规则,包括
正确的单词发音和流畅的句子表达。
3. 迁移创新:结合职业相关话题进行发音练习,提升沟通
自信,关注职业发展与表达能力的关联。
2
Lesson Objectives:
In this lesson, we will be able to:
1. Be able to identify and pronounce sonorization and incomplete
plosion in words, and grasp their basic rules.
2. Be able to use sonorization and incomplete plosion rules in
speaking, including correct word pronunciation and smooth
sentence delivery.
3. Discuss job-related topics with proper pronunciation, enhance
communication confidence, and care about career development
through accurate expression.
3
Lead in
What’s his job? /What does he do?
He is a _________.
postman
He is a _________.
student
He is a _________.
direcor
student 浊化
读成 /'sduːdnt/
dire(c)tor 中的/k/
仅做口型,不发音
pos(t)man 中的/t/
仅做口型,不发音
称为“不完全爆破”
(Incomplete plosion)
称为“浊化”
(Sonorization)
4
Activity 1
Listen and read the words aloud. Pay attention to the pronunciation of the blue letters.
scare scarf score
skirt skill sky
speak spell sport
stand story study style
stress street strong strict
5
Listen and learn
scare scarf score
在重读音节中,当清辅音/p/、/t/、/k/位于/s/之后且后接元音时,会分别浊化为对应的浊辅音/b/、/d/、/ɡ/。
Sonorization 浊化
/skeə(r)/
/skɑːf/
/skɔː(r)/
浊化为/ɡ/
浊化为/ɡ/
浊化为/ɡ/
6
Listen and learn
Sonorization 浊化
skirt skill sky
在重读音节中,当清辅音/p/、/t/、/k/位于/s/之后且后接元音时,会分别浊化为对应的浊辅音/b/、/d/、/ɡ/。
/skɜːt/
/skɪl/
/skaɪ/
浊化为/__/
浊化为/__/
浊化为/__/
ɡ
ɡ
ɡ
7
Listen and learn
Sonorization 浊化
speak spell sport
在重读音节中,当清辅音/p/、/t/、/k/位于/s/之后且后接元音时,会分别浊化为对应的浊辅音/b/、/d/、/ɡ/。
/spiːk/
/spel/
/spɔːt/
浊化为/__/
浊化为/__/
浊化为/__/
b
b
b
8
在重读音节中,当清辅音/p/、/t/、/k/位于/s/之后且后接元音时,会分别浊化为对应的浊辅音/b/、/d/、/ɡ/。
清辅音浊化的具体条件:
1. 结构条件:需满足"/s/+清辅音+元音"的组合,且
清辅音通常为/p/、/t/、/k/、/tr/或/tʃ/。
(分别浊化为:/b/、/d/、/ɡ/、/dr/、/dʒ/)
2. 音节条件:
必须位于同一重读音节或次重读音节内。
若在单词开头,无论是否重读均可能浊化(如"star"中
的/t/→/d/)。
3. 语音环境:
清辅音后需紧跟元音(如"spy"中的/p/后接/aɪ/)。
Summary
清辅音浊化的核心规则
常见错误提醒:
浊化要自然,不要过度
强调,避免刻意夸张。
Sonorization
9
Listen and learn
Sonorization 浊化
stand story study style
/stænd/
/'stɔːri/
/'stʌdi/
浊化为/__/
浊化为/__/
浊化为/__/
/staɪl/
浊化为/__/
d
d
d
d
10
Listen and learn
Sonorization 浊化
stress street strong strict
/stres/
/striːt/
/strɒŋ/
浊化为/__/
浊化为/__/
浊化为/__/
/strɪkt/
浊化为/__/
dr
dr
dr
dr
11
Activity 2
Listen and chant. Circle the words with the pronunciation of sonorization.
Jobs
We are learning about different jobs today.
Speak out with your friends and do as I say.
You’re a happy baker, baking a delicious cake.
You’re a pilot with many fights to take.
You’re a fashion model with fine style.
You’re a singing rock star with a big smile.
Stand up, be careful, and wear a tall crown.
That’s great! You’ve got the job. Now.
please sit down.
speak out 大胆说出
learn about 学习关于; 了解
时装模特
摇滚歌星
with a big smile
面带微笑
be careful 注意;当心
12
Practice
Circle the words with the pronunciation of sonorization.
In a bright school, a smart student dreams,
To be a doctor, helping teams.
She studies stars, likes space a lot,
Plans to explore where skies are hot.
student (/'stjuːdənt/
→浊化为 /'sdjuːdənt/)
studies (/'stʌdiz/ →浊化为 /'sdʌdiz/)
stars (/stɑːrz/ → 浊化为/sdɑːrz/)
space (/speɪs/ → /sbeɪs/)
skies (/skaɪz/ →浊化为 /sɡaɪz/)
school (/skuːl/ →浊化为 /sɡuːl/)
13
Activity 3
Listen and read the words and phrases. Pay attention to the incomplete plosions.
TIPS
The consonants in the brackets
here are usually pronounced as
stops before /p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/ and /ɡ/.
dire(c)tor do(c)tor sui(t)case han(d)bag blac(k)board
pos(t)card shar(p) pencil goo(d)bye ho(t) tea si(t) down
nex(t) door ta(ke) care we(t) ground har(d) times bi(g) toy
14
概念:不完全爆破是指英语中的爆破音(/p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /ɡ/)
在某些情况下不完整释放气流,仅做口型而不完全爆破。
Summary
不完全爆破的发音规则总结
Incomplete plosion
主要规则如下:
1. 爆破音 + 爆破音(Plosive + Plosive)
规则:当两个爆破音(/p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /ɡ/)相邻时,第一个
爆破音失去爆破,仅做口型并短暂停顿,快速过渡到
第二个爆破音。如:
act /ækt/ → /æ(k)t/(/k/不完全爆破)
big dog /bɪɡ dɒɡ/ → /bɪ(ɡ)dɒɡ/(/____/不完全爆破)
stop talking /stɒp tɔːkɪŋ/ → /stɒ(p)tɔːkɪŋ/(/____/不完全爆破)
ɡ
p
15
Summary
不完全爆破的发音规则总结
Incomplete plosion
主要规则如下:
2. 爆破音 + 摩擦音/破擦音(Plosive + Fricative/Affricate)
规则:爆破音后接摩擦音(如/f/ /v/ /s/ /z/)或破擦音(如/tʃ/
/dʒ/)时,第一个爆破音不完全爆破,气流受阻后
直接发下一个音。如:
good job /ɡʊd dʒɒb/ → /ɡʊ(d)dʒɒb/(/d/不完全爆破)
red shirt /red ʃɜːt/ → /re(d)ʃɜːt/(/_____/不完全爆破)
big zoo /bɪɡ zuː/ → /bɪ(ɡ)zuː/(/_____/不完全爆破)
d
ɡ
16
Summary
不完全爆破的发音规则总结
Incomplete plosion
主要规则如下:
3. 爆破音 + 鼻音/舌侧音(Plosive + Nasal/Lateral)
规则:爆破音后接鼻音(/m/ /n/ /ŋ/)或舌侧音(/l/)时,
爆破音通过鼻腔或舌侧释放,口腔爆破被抑制。如:
good night /ɡʊd naɪt/ → /ɡʊ(d)naɪt/(/d/鼻腔释放)
stop me /stɒp miː/ → /stɒ(p)miː/(/_____/不完全爆破)
little /ˈlɪtl/ → /ˈlɪ(t)l/(/t/舌侧释放)
p
17
Summary
不完全爆破的发音规则总结
Incomplete plosion
主要规则如下:
4. 爆破音在句尾或弱读时
规则:爆破音位于句尾或弱读位置时,通常失去爆破,
仅做口型。如:
I don’t know. → /aɪ dəʊn(t) nəʊ/(/t/不完全爆破)
Take care! → /teɪ(k) keə/(/k/不完全爆破)
总结口诀
爆破相遇,前音让步;
摩擦鼻侧,气流让路;
句尾弱读,爆破藏住。
18
Activity 3
Listen and read the words and phrases. Pay attention to the incomplete plosions.
TIPS
The consonants in the brackets
here are usually pronounced as
stops before /p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/ and /ɡ/.
dire(c)tor do(c)tor sui(t)case han(d)bag blac(k)board
pos(t)card shar(p) pencil goo(d)bye ho(t) tea si(t) down
nex(t) door ta(ke) care we(t) ground har(d) times bi(g) toy
1. 爆破音 + 爆破音(Plosive + Plosive)
规则:当两个爆破音(/p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /ɡ/)相邻时,第一个
爆破音失去爆破,仅做口型并短暂停顿,快速过渡到
第二个爆破音。
/k/ + /t/
/k/ + /t/
/t/ + /k/
/d/ + /b/
/k/ + /b/
/t/ + /k/
/p/ + /p/
/d/ + /b/
/t/ + /t/
/t/ + /d/
/t/ + /d/
/k/ + /k/
/t/ + /ɡ/
/d/ + /t/
/ɡ/ + /t/
19
Activity 4
Listen and read the sentences. Pay attention to the incomplete plosions.
1. I wan(t) to be a news reporter.
2. There are many backu(p) team members.
3. Gui(de) dog teachers train gui(de) dogs to hel(p) blin(d) people.
4. She too(k) goo(d) care of the children.
/t/ + /t/
/p/ + /t/
/d/ + /d/
/d/ + /d/
/p/ + /b/
/d/ + /p/
/k/ + /ɡ/
/d/ + /k/
20
Practice
Read the words and phrases. Mark the incomplete plosions with ( ).
red car, fast train, sweet dream
suitcase、handbag、blackboard、postcard、goodbye
sui(t)case、han(d)bag、blac(k)board、pos(t)card、goo(d)bye
re(d) car, fas(t) train, swee(t) dream
21
Practice
用括号标出不发音字母(即不完全爆破音)。
1. The doctor gave me a pink pill.
2. The cat chased the big mouse.
3. What happend to your dog, Lingling?
4. I can't find my red pen.
5. I just came back from the pet hospital.
The doc(t)or gave me a pin(k) pill.
The ca(t) chased the bi(g) mouse.
Wha(t) happen(d) to your dog, Lingling?
I can'(t) find my re(d) pen.
I jus(t) came ba(ck) from the pe(t) hospital.
22
Exercises
I. 单项选择。
1. 请选择下列单词中,哪个 “s + 清辅音” 组合需要浊化发音( )
A. space B. cats C. desk D. books
2. 以下单词中,“st” 发音浊化正确的是( )
A. study 浊化读成 /'sdʌdi/ B. student 浊化读成 /'stuːdnt/
C. stop 浊化读成 /stɒp/ D. star 浊化读成 /stɑːr/
3. 单词 “respect” 中,“sp” 的发音应该是( )
A. /sp/ B. /sb/ C. /sk/ D. /sɡ/
4. 从下列选项中,找出清辅音浊化现象错误的一项( )
A. sky 浊化读成 /sɡaɪ/ B. speak 浊化读成 /spiːk/
C. speed 浊化读成 /sbiːd/ D. school 浊化读成 /sɡuːl/
A
A
B
B
23
Exercises
II. 单项选择。
1. 以下单词中,有不完全爆破现象的是( )
A. cake B. picture C. bike D. pen
2.短语 “goodbye” 中不完全爆破的字母是( )
A. g B. d C. b D. e
3.单词 “football” 里不完全爆破的音是( )
A. /f/ B. /t/ C. /b/ D. /l/
4.以下哪个单词不存在不完全爆破现象( )
A. doctor B. notebook C. breakfast D. apple
5. 在句子 “He is a student from Spain.” 中,有清辅音浊化现象的
单词是( )
A. is;from B. student C. from D. student; Spain
B
B
B
D
D
24
Exercises
III. 写出句子中的浊化与不完全爆破词。
1. The student studies science every day.
浊化:_____________________ 不完全爆破:______________
2. My cat chased a big mouse.
浊化:__________________ 不完全爆破:___________________
3. You should drink more water!
浊化:_____________________ 不完全爆破:______________
4. The skies are starry(布满星星的) tonight.
浊化:_____________________ 不完全爆破:______________
5. I can't find my red pen.
浊化:__________________ 不完全爆破:____________________
student, studies
studen(t)
无
ca(t), bi(g)
无
shoul(d), drin(k)
skies, starry
无
无
can'(t), fin(d), re(d)
25
Summary
We learn:
1. key rules:
Sonorization: /s/ + /p//t//k/ → /b//d//g/ (e.g., skirt /sgɜːt/).
Incomplete plosion: Consonants like /t//d//k/ before /p//b//t/ are not fully released (e.g., dire(ce)tor).
We can:
use pronunciation rules to improve speaking fluency and listening accuracy.
26
Homework
1. 基础层:朗读 Activity 1-4 的单词和句子 5 遍,录音后发到
班级群。
2. 提高层:从网上找 5 个职业相关句子,标记浊化和不完全
爆破现象并练习发音。
3. 拓展层:编写一段 3-5 句的 “我的未来职业” 对话,包含至少
2 个浊化单词和 1 处不完全爆破,下次课与搭档表演。
27
Thank you!
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