必修第二册-Unit 3 On the move-【高中必刷题】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册、第二册合订同步课件（外研版）

英语 必修第二册 WY 1 必修第二册 Unit 3 On the move 2 01 Period Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar 3 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.The fifth extinction occurred around 65 million years ago, causing the ______ （die） of the dinosaurs. death 解析 句意为：第五次灭绝发生在大约6,500万年前，导致了恐龙的灭绝。设空处作causing的宾语，其前有定冠词the修饰，应用名词，意为“灭亡”。故填death。 2.Knowing the rules of the game and using the right __________ （equip） can help prevent injuries. equipment 解析 句意为：了解比赛规则且使用正确的设备有助于防止受伤。设空处作动词using的宾语，且设空处前有定冠词the和形容词right修饰，应用名词形式，且equipment意为“设备”时为不可数名词。故填equipment。 刷单句填空 4 3.Our team’s ________ （defend） was so solid that the opposing team couldn’t score. defence 解析 句意为：我们队的防守如此稳固，以至于对手队无法得分。分析句子结构可知，设空处作主句主语，应用名词形式，defence意为“防守”。故填defence。 4.Both the Winter and the Summer Olympics are held every four years a regular basis. [答案] on 解析 句意为：冬季奥运会和夏季奥运会都是每四年定期举办一次。on a regular basis意为“定期地”，为固定搭配。 5.She is not content _____ her present life and wishes to take steps to improve it. with 解析 句意为：她对目前的生活不满意，希望采取措施改善它。be content with… 为固定搭配，意为“对……满意”。故填with。 刷单句填空 5 6.In the early 19th century, when cholera broke ____ in Europe, millions of people were killed by the disease. out 解析 句意为：19世纪初，霍乱在欧洲暴发，数百万人死于这种疾病。break out为固定搭配，意为“（战争、疾病等）突然发生”。故填out。 7.Sometimes people’s non-verbal signals can be in conflict _____ what they are saying, which causes great potential for misunderstanding. with 解析 句意为：有时，人们的非语言信号可能与他们所说的内容相冲突，这导致误解的可能性很大。in conflict with… 为固定短语，意为“与……冲突”。故填with。 8.To make friends a real part of our lives, we should put ______ our smartphones and meet them in person. down 解析 句意为：为了让朋友成为我们生活中真正的一部分，我们应该放下智能手机，亲自去见他们。put down为固定搭配，意为“放下”，故填down。 刷单句填空 6 9.Skateboarding, sport climbing and _______ （surf） which have already been added to the Tokyo Olympics, have been invited to return to the Paris Olympics in 2024. surfing 解析 句意为：东京奥运会增设的滑板、运动攀岩和冲浪比赛项目已被列为2024年巴黎奥运会的比赛项目。设空处在并列连词and之后，与Skateboarding和sport climbing并列，设空处应与其词性保持一致，故填surfing，意为“冲浪运动”。 10.This is the first full moon of the new year, ____________ （represent） unity and perfection. representing 解析 句意为：这是新年的第一个满月，代表着团圆和圆满。句中已有谓语，逗号前后无连词连接，设空处应用非谓语形式作状语，represent与其逻辑主语full moon之间为主动关系，故填现在分词representing。 刷单句填空 7 根据提示补全句子。 1.年龄不是成功的障碍；只要有决心和努力，你就能在人生的任何阶段实现你的目标。（goal） Age is no barrier to success; with determination and effort, you can ________ _____ ______ at any stage of life. achieve your goals 2.这场比赛的胜利将确保他们以胜绩结束本赛季。（assure） A victory in this game will _______ ______ ___ finishing the season with a winning record. assure them of 3.在过去大约二十年里，我们的生活发生了巨大的变化。以我的家庭为例。 Over the past twenty years or so, great changes have taken place in our life.______ ____ _______ ____ ________. Take my family for example 4.我很高兴能够尽情地享用我最喜欢的菜肴。（content） I was delighted to be able to enjoy my favourite dishes ___ ____ _______ ________. to my heart’s content 5.鉴于你感觉这么有压力，你最好休息一下，放松一下自己。（relax） _________________ _____ you feel so stressed, you _____ ______ _________ ___ __________ _______ ______ ________. Given/Considering that had better have/take a break/rest to/and relax yourself 刷单句表达 8 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Football, as an attractive ball game, used to 1.__________ （play） with goals hung in the air by a group of people and was called cuju in Ancient China. But modern football is started in Great Britain 2._______ it was given new rules, allowing players to use any part of their bodies except their hands and arms. One of the 3.________ （reason） for its popularity is the low cost of playing football. 4.________ any expensive equipment, playing football is cheap and fun. Another factor behind football’s global popularity is creativity and excitement. It is fun enough 5._________ （attract） more audience. Even without any professional knowledge about football, people can understand and feel the 6.________ （excite） moments. The unity of the team members is also another factor attracting more spectators. be played where reasons Without to attract exciting 刷课文改编填空 9 Even on Christmas Day 1914, when World WarⅠwas ongoing, British and German soldiers put down their guns and 7._______ （kick） football together. It was 8.______ moment that was without any conflict. Bill Shankly, the famous footballer and manager, once shared 9.____ （he） agreement on some people’s belief that football is about life and death.10.____________ （additional）, he confirmed it is more than that, because our planet is shaped like a football. kicked a/one his Additionally 刷课文改编填空 1.__________ be played 解析 used to do sth表示“过去常常做某事”，主语是Football，与play之间为被动关系，故用被动语态，故填be played。 2._______ where 解析 分析句子结构可知，设空处前后均有谓语，且无连词连接，故设空处引导定语从句，修饰Great Britain，设空处在从句中作地点状语，故填where。 3.________ reasons 解析 此处为“one of （the）+可数名词复数”结构，意为“……之一”，故填reasons。 4.________ Without 解析 根据句中的形容词cheap可判断，此处讲的是踢足球很便宜，不需要任何昂贵的装备，故填Without。 5._________ to attract 解析 “be+adj.+enough to do sth”结构意为“足够……做某事”。故填to attract。 刷课文改编填空 11 6.________ exciting 解析 设空处在定冠词后、 名词前， 应填形容词形式；根据语境可知，此处指“令人兴奋的”，故填exciting。 7._______ kicked 解析 设空处位于并列连词and之后，应与and之前的动词put时态保持一致；根据时间状语可知，put的时态为一般过去时，故设空处填动词过去式kicked。 8.______ a/one 解析 设空处在单数可数名词前，且moment在前文未提及，moment的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a/one。 9.____ his 解析 设空处在名词agreement前，应填形容词性物主代词his。 10.____________ Additionally 解析 设空处应用副词作状语，修饰整个句子。 刷课文改编填空 12 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The best way to deal with sports injuries is to keep them from happening in the first place. Knowing the rules of the game you’re playing and using the right 1.__________ （equip） can go a long way towards preventing injuries. If you think you’ve been injured, pull 2.________ （you） out of the game or stop 3.______ （do） your activity or workout. Let a coach or parent know what happened in case you need to see a doctor. Athletes, 4._____ play contact sports like football, often suffer severe head and neck injuries. Keep the injured person still with his or her head 5._____ （hold） straight while someone calls for emergency 6.________ （medicine） help. If the person 7.___________ （lie） on the ground, do not try to move him or her. Your first question after a sports injury will 8._________ （probable） be, “When can I play again?” This depends on the injury and what your doctor tells you. Even if you can’t return to your sports right away, a doctor might have advice 9._________ what you can do to stay fit. Always check with your doctor 10._______ trying any activity following an injury. equipment yourself doing who held medical is lying/lies probably on/about before 刷语法填空 13 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了处理运动损伤时的一些要点，及恢复期要注意什么，并指出防止受伤最好的办法是了解运动规则，并使用正确的装备。 1.__________ equipment 解析 句意为：了解你正在进行的运动的规则并使用合适的装备对防止受伤有很大帮助。此处指“使用合适的装备”，空前有形容词修饰，该空作using 的宾语，应用名词equipment。 2.________ yourself 解析 句意为：如果你认为自己受伤了，就让自己退出比赛或者停止进行活动或锻炼。此处为祈使句，设空处作pull的宾语，与这一动作的执行者为同一人，要用反身代词，故填yourself。 3.______ doing 解析 句意见上一题解析。stop doing sth意为“停止做某事”，动名词作宾语，故填doing。 刷语法填空 14 4._____ who 解析 句意为：严重的头部和颈部伤常见于从事像足球这样有身体接触运动的运动员。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Athletes，指人，从句缺少主语，故填who。 5._____ held 解析 句意为：让受伤的人保持不动，头部挺直，同时有人呼叫紧急医疗救助。设空处在with复合结构中作宾语补足语，hold与其逻辑主语his or her head之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式，故填held。 6.________ medical 解析 句意见上一题解析。设空处修饰名词help，应用形容词medical作定语,medical help意为“医疗救助”。 刷语法填空 15 7.___________ is lying/lies 解析 句意为：如果伤者躺在地上，不要试图去移动他/她。根据语境可知，此处用一般现在时或现在进行时be doing都可以，从句主语是the person，因此谓语动词用第三人称单数，故填is lying/lies。 8._________ probably 解析 句意为：你运动受伤后的第一个问题很可能是“我什么时候可以再运动?”。修饰动词应用副词probably。 9._________ on/about 解析 句意为：即使你不能马上继续你的运动，医生可能会给你建议，告诉你怎样做才能保持健康。结合句意可知，此处表示“……方面的建议”，应用advice on/about。 10._______ before 解析 句意为：在受伤后尝试任何活动之前，一定要先咨询你的医生。空后跟动名词短语作宾语，结合语境可知，此处表示“在……之前”，应用before。 刷语法填空 16 01 Period Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 17 A ［陕西宝鸡中学2025高一期中］From local parks in America to the sandy beaches of Brazil, soccer is played by millions of children across the world. Soccer helps children develop in many helpful ways. Learning the importance of daily exercise can help your children lead a healthier life. Soccer requires a high level of fitness in players. The required level of fitness helps children to keep healthy body weight. Playing soccer also gives children the recommended amount （数量） of exercise necessary to keep a healthy heart and lungs （肺）. This sport offers league （联赛） play to both boys and girls. Soccer leagues are open to different age groups and allow children as young as under-5s to compete. And children can be members of a team during key development stages. Children also experience healthy communication among members and learn how to join hands with other members during practice, games and team activities. 刷阅读理解 18 International soccer games are held now and then. Playing soccer can encourage children to think deeply about the world in terms of countries, cultures and people. Thinking deeply can also make them interested in travelling, foreign languages and geography. Besides, playing soccer can be the perfect solution for children who are easily jaded.They usually play video games and watch television to make themselves feel excited. Playing soccer is a healthy way to fill them with excitement. Being a member of a soccer team will also give them a chance to meet positive coaches and other adults who will teach them helpful time-management skills. Besides, taking part in a soccer league also provides a chance for families to spend happy time together. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了足球这项运动对全球儿童成长和发展的多方面益处。 刷阅读理解 1.What is paragraph 2 mainly about?( ) B A.The requirements for soccer players. B.The physical advantages of playing soccer. C.The popularity of soccer all over the world. D.The importance of keeping a healthy weight. 解析 主旨大意题。根据第二段内容“Learning the importance of daily exercise can help your children lead a healthier life. Soccer requires a high level of fitness in players.The required level of fitness helps children to keep healthy body weight.Playing soccer also gives children the recommended amount of exercise necessary to keep a healthy heart and lungs.”可知，第二段主要讨论的是踢足球对身体的益处。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 20 2.What can be improved by taking part in soccer leagues?( ) C A.Children’s patience. B.Children’s self-confidence. C.Children’s team spirit. D.Children’s sense of honour. 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段内容“This sport offers league play to both boys and girls… Children also experience healthy communication among members and learn how to join hands with other members during practice, games and team activities.”可知，参加足球联赛能够提升孩子的团队精神。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 21 3.How do international soccer events influence children playing soccer?( ) B A.They encourage them to set bigger goals. B.They help them to develop more interests. C.They offer them chances to learn new skills. D.They make them know more about themselves. 解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Playing soccer can encourage children to think deeply about the world in terms of countries, cultures and people.Thinking deeply can also make them interested in travelling, foreign languages and geography.”可知，踢足球，特别是国际足球赛事，能够激发孩子们对不同国家和文化的兴趣，进而促使他们对旅行、外语和地理等领域产生兴趣。由此可知，国际足球赛事帮助孩子们培养更多的兴趣。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 22 4.What does the underlined word “jaded” in the last paragraph mean?( ) A A.Bored. B.Anxious. C.Surprised. D.Awkward. 解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的内容can be the perfect solution for children可推知，画线处是孩子身上存在的一个问题，画线词后一句“They usually play video games and watch television to make themselves feel excited.”及后文在讨论让孩子感到兴奋的方式，由此可推测，画线词应与feel excited的意思相反，即“感到无聊或不满足”，故选A项。 刷阅读理解 23 B ［安徽芜湖一中2024高一期中］It’s OK to run when it’s cold outside. But is it OK to run when you have a cold? Many runners find the activity addictive. Running releases endorphins （内啡肽） into the brain, which are responsible for mood changes. The harder you run, the more endorphins released, and the happier you are. Some studies show this endorphin rush allows people to continue running even when injured or sick. And that brings us to the point of this article—why people continue their running even when they’re sick. Most of us curl up in bed with some chicken soup and the remote control when we’re under the weather.But runners often hit the road.Are they helping or hurting themselves by jogging with a cold? The best way to decide whether you should exercise is to employ what doctors call the “neck check”.Feel free to go running if your cold is “above the neck”.Doctors advise against proceeding with your exercise if your symptoms （症状） are “below the neck”. 刷阅读理解 24 Some people think that running in cold temperatures will actually make them sick. But this isn’t really true. You can’t freeze your lungs or windpipe （气管）.Your body heats the air you breathe. When the air is particularly cold, you may feel a burning sensation in your chest as you breathe. If that’s the case, try covering your mouth with a scarf or wearing a ski mask. That’ll help heat up the air before you breathe it in. Keep in mind, if you have an infection （感染） in your chest or throat, running outside can indeed make things worse. But if you have a simple head cold, it would be fine to take that run, even if it’s cold outside. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了许多跑步爱好者在感冒时依然坚持跑步的原因，以及如何判断在感冒时是否适合运动。同时纠正了一些人认为在寒冷环境下跑步会让人感冒的错误想法。 刷阅读理解 1.Why do some people still go running even if they are not in good condition?( ) C A.They’d like to keep their figures. B.They don’t realise the harm it does. C.They want to feel the pleasure it brings. D.They enjoy the atmosphere of running with others. 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The harder you run, the more endorphins released, and the happier you are.Some studies show this endorphin rush allows people to continue running even when injured or sick.”可知，跑步释放的内啡肽会让人感到快乐，因此，人们在受伤或者生病时依然坚持跑步是想体验跑步带来的快乐。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 26 2.What does the underlined word “proceeding” in paragraph 3 mean?( ) D A.Stopping. B.Working. C.Changing. D.Continuing. 解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Feel free to go running if your cold is ‘above the neck’.”以及后文“if your symptoms are ‘below the neck’”可知，此处指出如果感冒的症状“在脖子以上”，则可以继续跑步，但如果感冒所带来的症状“在脖子以下”，那么就应该暂停跑步。故此处应该表示医生建议“不要继续运动”。故画线词与D项的意思相近。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 27 3.What is the misunderstanding of running in cold weather?( ) A A.It will make people ill. B.It will worsen people’s health. C.It will burn your chest. D.It has nothing to do with people’s illness. 解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Some people think that running in cold temperatures will actually make them sick.But this isn’t really true.”可知，一些人误认为在寒冷环境下跑步会让人生病。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 28 4.What can we learn from the text?( ) A A.Running when suffering a cold can be harmful. B.Running in cold weather makes people happier. C.Lying in bed is what we all do when catching a cold. D.Covering your mouth when running in cold weather frees you from a cold. 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，在感冒的时候是否要跑步是分情况的，如果你的胸部或喉咙感染了，在户外跑步确实会让情况变得更糟，但如果只是简单的感冒，则可以在户外跑步。由此可知，感冒时跑步可能是有害的。 刷阅读理解 29 &1& 核心词汇 1.release vt.释放；放出；公布；发行 2.employ vt.使用；运用；雇用 &2& 进阶词汇 1.under the weather身体不大舒服 2.hit the road出发，动身 刷阅读理解 30 ［浙江9+1高中联盟2025高一期中］ Cycling Many people enjoy cycling as a hobby. Cycling is an activity that can be enjoyed by people of all ages and it is one of the most popular forms of exercise in the world. 1.___ When you are cycling, every one of your muscles （肌肉） is doing something. This hobby can make your body do all the exercise to stay fit. Techniques Techniques for cycling vary greatly depending on the type of cycling involved. Sprint （冲刺） cycling is a lot like sprint running and a lot of muscle activity is involved.2.___ They give a large amount of pressure on the bicycle pedals to get them going at a fast speed. For distance cycling, the most important is endurance （忍耐力） and many top-class distance cyclists spend many hours training for leg endurance. A C 刷7选5 31 Equipment 3.___ You don’t need expensive equipment to get started but, there is a minimum amount needed for your health: Helmet （头盔）—don’t ever ride without one whether it is a local law or not. Wearing a helmet can save your life, or at least make the difference between a bad headache and a severe head injury. Gloves—I have a pair of these, and you could consider them important. They absorb shock from the handles, but more importantly, if you crash, your hands are protected. Glasses—to some, these are a must.4.___ F E 刷7选5 32 Safety Always be safe on the road. Do not be daring, do not insist on the right of the way, do not break traffic rules, and always be as visible as possible.5.___ A.It is a sport that uses the whole body. B.These are a must if you ride after dark. C.For this, one needs to have strong leg muscles. D.It is important if you want to transport anything on your bike. E.They block bugs and other objects from hitting you in the eyes. F.Cycling, more than many other forms of sports, requires some necessary items. G.If you know the most common causes of accidents, you can be always careful. G 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了骑自行车这项运动，包括骑行技巧、骑行装备以及安全事项。 刷7选5 33 1.___ A 解析 根据下文“When you are cycling, every one of your muscles is doing something.This hobby can make your body do all the exercise to stay fit.”可知，骑自行车是一项全身运动，设空处应概括本段内容，A项（这是一项全身都能得到锻炼的运动）符合语境。故选A项。 2.___ C 解析 根据上文“Sprint cycling is a lot like sprint running and a lot of muscle activity is involved.”和空后的“They give a large amount of pressure on the bicycle pedals to get them going at a fast speed.”可知，骑行冲刺需要大量肌肉活动，并且需要“它们”在自行车踏板上施加很大的压力，设空处应与肌肉有关，且有They指代的具体内容。C项（为此，一个人需要有强壮的腿部肌肉）符合语境，故选C项。 刷7选5 34 3.___ F 解析 根据本段标题Equipment和本段中的Helmet、 Gloves和Glasses可知，本段主要说的是骑行装备。设空处位于段首，应能概括本段内容，F项（与许多其他运动形式相比，骑行更需要一些必备物品）符合语境，其中necessary items与下文中的Helmet、 Gloves和Glasses相呼应。故选F项。 4.___ E 解析 结合空前内容可知，设空处应是描述Glasses的作用，E项（它们能阻挡虫子和其他物体撞到你的眼睛）符合语境，故选E项。 5.___ G 解析 根据本段小标题Safety和上文“Do not be daring, do not insist on the right of the way, do not break traffic rules, and always be as visible as possible.”可知，本段主要说的是交通安全，设空处也应与交通安全有关，总结前文内容，G项（如果你了解事故最常见的成因，就能时刻保持小心谨慎）符合语境，故选G项。 刷7选5 35 02 Period Ⅱ Using language—Presenting ideas Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar 36 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.Education is a _________ （power） weapon which you can use to change the world. powerful 解析 句意为：教育是你可以用来改变世界的强大武器。设空处修饰名词weapon，作定语，应用形容词，表示“强大的；强有力的”。故填powerful。 2.We should try to change our bad eating habits and have a _________ （balance） diet. balanced 解析 句意为：我们应该尽力改变不良的饮食习惯，且均衡饮食。设空处修饰名词diet，应用形容词形式，意为“均衡的”，故填balanced。 3.She responded with “Thank you” in _________ （respond） to the stranger’s kindness. response 解析 句意为：作为对这位陌生人好意的回应，她说了句“谢谢”。in response to… 为固定搭配，意为“作为对……的回应”，故填response。 刷单句填空 37 4.The _____________ （disappear） of the ocean may sound like a really unrealistic event, but this kind of thing has happened. disappearance 解析 句意为：海洋的消失可能听起来像是一个非常不切实际的事件，但这种事情已经发生了。设空处作第一个分句的主语，且有定冠词The修饰，应用名词，意为“消失”。 5.Scientists found that human activity is causing species to die ____ 1,000 times faster than normal. out 解析 句意为：科学家们发现，人类活动正导致物种以比正常情况快1,000倍的速度灭绝。die out为固定短语，意为“消失；灭绝”。故填out。 6.Teachers encourage students to get involved _______ school clubs to develop their interests. in/with 解析 句意为：老师们鼓励学生参加学校社团来培养他们的兴趣爱好。get involved in/with… 为固定搭配，意为“参与到……中”。 刷单句填空 38 7.We were often faced with problems that simply turned out to be more difficult than expected, and this, ___ turn, caused great negative feelings. in 解析 句意为：我们经常面临比预想的还要困难的问题，而这反过来引发了强烈的负面情绪。in turn为固定搭配，意为“反过来；相应地；转而”。故填in。 8.My friend tried hard to persuade me _______ （join） the basketball team at school. to join 解析 句意为：我的朋友极力劝说我加入学校的篮球队。persuade sb to do sth为固定搭配，意为“说服某人做某事”。 刷单句填空 39 9.When the workday finally ended, I walked tiredly towards the time clock, took off my work gloves and inspected my _______ （ache） fingers. aching 解析 分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语，设空处应用非谓语动词；此处为非谓语动词作前置定语，修饰名词fingers，ache是不及物动词，与fingers为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填aching。 10.This is the only way _________ （assure） yourself that the answer you’ve found is correct. to assure 解析 句意为：这是确保你找到的是正确答案的唯一方法。the way to do sth意为“做某事的方式/方法”。 刷单句填空 40 根据提示补全句子。 1.我相信，这个困难是一个使我成长的机会；继续奋斗，以激励自己不要放弃。（inspire） I believe that this difficulty is an opportunity for me to grow; keep on fighting to _______ _______ ____ ___ _____ ____. inspire myself not to give up 2.生活有时会很艰难，但好日子总会很快到来的。（corner） Life at times will be hard, but good times are always just ____________ ____ _______. around/round the corner 解析 around/round the corner意为“即将发生”。 刷单句表达 41 3.世界上的每个孩子生来都有无限的潜力。 Every child in the world ___ _____ _____ endless potential. 4.我从家里一路走到图书馆，结果却发现它已经关门了。（不定式作结果状语） I walked all the way from home to the library, _____ ___ _____ ___ _______. 5.当时张先生和两位年轻的机械师负责那个项目。 Mr Zhang, ___ _____ ___ two young mechanics, _____ in charge of the project then. is born with only to find it closed as well as was 解析 “主语+as well as+名词或代词”后谓语动词的单复数取决于as well as前面的主语，此处Mr Zhang为第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数形式。 刷单句表达 42 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1.Interest is as important to learning as the ability _____________ （understand）, even more so. to understand 解析 句意为：兴趣和理解能力对学习同样重要，甚至更重要。设空处作后置定语，修饰名词ability。ability常接不定式作后置定语，the ability to do sth意为“做某事的能力”。 2.As far as I’m concerned, everyone should have the opportunity _______ （get） a good education. to get 解析 句意为：就我而言，每个人都应该有机会接受良好的教育。opportunity后常跟不定式作后置定语。故填to get。 刷单元语法 43 3.We all have challenges, but the key is to have the courage ________ （face） what’s bad about them and still find what’s good. to face 解析 句意为：我们都面临着挑战，但关键是要有勇气面对其糟糕的一面，同时发现其有益的一面。have the courage to do sth意为“有做某事的勇气”，此处为不定式作后置定语，修饰名词courage。故填to face。 4.Amelia Earhart was the first woman ______ （fly） solo across the Atlantic Ocean in history. to fly 解析 句意为：阿梅莉亚·埃尔哈特是历史上第一位独自飞越大西洋的女性。这里的woman被序数词the first修饰，设空处应用不定式作后置定语。故填to fly。 刷单元语法 44 5.I haven’t got a chair ______ （sit） on. Will you make room for me? to sit 解析 句意为：我没有椅子坐。你能给我腾个地方吗？设空处用不定式作后置定语，修饰名词chair。故填to sit。 6.We’re having a meeting in half an hour. The decision ___________ （make） at the meeting will influence the future of our company. to be made 解析 句意为：半小时后我们要开会。会议上作出的决定将影响我们公司的未来。设空处所在句已有谓语，设空处应用非谓语形式；结合句意可知，此处表示会议即将召开，故“作决定”的动作发生在将来，应用不定式作后置定语；且make与被修饰词decision之间是逻辑上的被动关系，所以设空处应用不定式的被动式。故填to be made。 刷单元语法 45 7.There are still many problems ____________ （solve） before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon. to be solved 解析 句意为：在我们做好在月球上长期停留的准备之前，还有许多问题需要解决。there be句式中，作主语的名词常接不定式作后置定语；此处problems和solve之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用不定式的被动式。故填to be solved。 8.They hurried to the station, only _______ （find） their train had gone five minutes before. to find 解析 句意为：他们匆匆赶到车站，却发现火车五分钟前就开走了。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处为“only+动词不定式”结构作结果状语,表示令人失望或意想不到的结果，意为“不料；结果却……”。故填to find。 刷单元语法 46 9.When the game finally ended, both of us were lying flat on our backs, too tired _________ （move）. to move 解析 句意为：当比赛最终结束时，我们俩都平躺着，累得动弹不得。too… to do sth为固定搭配，意为“太……而不能做某事”。故填to move。 10.Now I’m brave enough ________ （stand） up and answer the question. to stand 解析 句意为：现在我有足够的勇气站起来回答问题。“be+adj.+enough+to do sth”为固定结构，表示“足够……做某事”，此处为不定式短语作结果状语。故填to stand。 刷单元语法 47 ［陕西西安铁一中学2025高一月考］阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Marathons now have a vast and enthusiastic following, uniting amateur （业余的） and professional athletes in celebration of persistence and community. In recent years, mass sports in China 1._______________ （develop） rapidly, with fitness for all 2._______ （turn） into a national strategy. Policies such as the Outline of the “Healthy China 2030” Plan have been introduced. As one of many popular fitness activities, marathons have gained widespread enthusiasm from the public. Unlike many other sports, marathons 3.__________ （host） in different cities across China, offering a unique experience 4._______ amateurs and professionals can compete side by side. Marathons breathe new life into cities by promoting tourism and boosting local economies. These events have become powerful tools for city branding and promotion, often integrating （融合） local landmarks and culture into their routes. For example, in a marathon 5._____ have developed turning are hosted where held 刷语法填空 48 （hold） in 2024 in Changzhou, the course included ancient and modern 6.__________ （attraction）, as well as the history and culture of the Grand Canal. In addition 7.___ city marathons, some Chinese cities are actively bidding to host international marathon events. 8._____ future of Chinese marathons lies in developing inclusiveness （包容性）, maintaining high standards for public events and continuing to unite the sport with the unique character of each city. With this strong power, China is ready 9.__________ （become） a rising star in the marathon world, inspiring millions to lace up their shoes and run towards a healthier and 10.____________ （active） future. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了中国马拉松运动的发展、影响及其未来展望。 attractions to The to become more active 刷语法填空 1._______________ have developed 解析 句意为：近年来，中国群众体育发展迅速，全民健身已成为一项国家战略。设空处在句中作谓语，由时间状语In recent years可知，应用现在完成时；主语mass sports是复数，因此谓语也应用复数形式。故填have developed。 2._______ turning 解析 句意见上一题解析。此处是“with+宾语+宾补”复合结构，宾语fitness for all和turn into之间是逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填turning。 刷语法填空 50 知识拓展 with复合结构 with为介词，其后接名词或代词作宾语时，后面可接形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词或不定式作宾补，构成“with+宾语+宾补”复合结构。当考查非谓语动词作宾补时，通过判断with后的宾语与所给动词之间的逻辑关系，我们就可以快速得出答案。通常情况下，表逻辑上的主动关系用现在分词（doing），表逻辑上的被动关系用过去分词（done）,表示将来的动作用不定式（to do）。 刷语法填空 51 3.__________ are hosted 解析 句意为：与许多其他运动不同，马拉松比赛在中国各个城市举办，为业余选手和专业选手提供了一种可以并肩竞技的独特体验。设空处在主句中作谓语，根据语境可知，此处描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时；主句主语marathons和host之间为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语为复数，谓语也应用复数形式。故填are hosted。 4._______ where 解析 句意见上一题解析。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词experience，结合句意可知，关系词在从句中作地点状语，表示“在这一独特体验中”，experience在此处表示抽象地点，应用关系副词where引导该从句。 刷语法填空 52 5._____ held 解析 句意为：例如，在2024年于常州举行的一场马拉松比赛中，比赛路线包含了古今景点以及大运河的历史和文化。句中已有谓语included，且其与设空处之间无连词连接，设空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词marathon；marathon和hold之间是逻辑上的被动关系，因此设空处应用过去分词。故填held。 6.__________ attractions 解析 句意见上一题解析。attraction表示“景点”时是可数名词，且其前无限定词修饰，结合句意可知，此处表示不止一个景点，因此设空处应用名词复数形式，故填attractions。 7.___ to 解析 句意为：除了城市马拉松，中国一些城市也在积极申办国际马拉松赛事。in addition to是固定短语，意为“除了……之外（还）”。故填to。 刷语法填空 53 8._____ The 解析 句意为：中国马拉松的未来在于促进包容性，保持公共赛事的高标准，并继续将这项运动与每个城市的特点相结合。此处特指“中国马拉松的未来”，应用定冠词。 9.__________ to become 解析 句意为：凭借这股强大的力量，中国有望成为马拉松界的一颗新星，激励数百万人系好鞋带，奔向更健康、更积极的未来。be ready to do sth为固定搭配，意为“准备好做某事”。故填to become。 10.____________ more active 解析 句意见上一题解析。设空处和healthier并列，共同修饰名词future，设空处应与healthier的形式一致；结合句意可知，此处表示“更加积极的”，应用比较级。active为需要加more构成比较级的双音节形容词，故填more active。 刷语法填空 54 02 Period Ⅱ Using language—Presenting ideas Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 55 A ［重庆一中2024高一期中］My son loves hockey （冰球）.As his supportive fan, I watched him playing in all the matches across half of the USA this year, and I’ve learnt that losing may be best for kids. In his third season in 2022, my son’s team never lost more than three straight games. There was happiness, boasting, celebration, pizza. In short, it was a typically good youth hockey season. He improved as a player but did not much change as a person. However, what happened the next year added its story to the legends of sporting inability. Not only weak but prettily bad, this team lost 40 of their first 50 games, most of the defeats coming in the course of two losing streaks （连败）.For a time, I worried that these streaks would kill my child’s love of the game. But that’s not what happened. As bad as it got, the losing was clarifying.It weeded out （淘汰） the kids who were in it less for the game than the glory, leaving just the diehards 刷阅读理解 56 behind. What started as a list of 17 of the team was cut down to 12.It was especially instructive for the kids. It taught them a great truth of the world: For everyone good, there is someone better. What’s more, the kids were learning the game in a way that only losing can teach. Each player got to play everywhere, to learn and appreciate the role of every position on the ice. They kept an eye on their opponents too, studying and applying the tricks of success. In an effort to break the streak, they went back to basics, accepted the intelligence of the hockey ancients: An average team that plays like a team defeats a collection of all-stars. This new team had character and could never be counted out, no matter the score. They had learnt the most important lesson: You can lose without being beaten. They squeaked into the state game, and then made it all the way to the final, where the winner was decided in overtime （加时赛）.When they lost that game and went into the handshake line, it was not as runners-up but as a team that had been made into winners in the only way that will stick—by losing. 刷阅读理解 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述儿子在冰球队的比赛经历，谈论了失败和挫折在成长中的重要性。 1.What did the author think about his son’s team in the third season in 2022?( ) B A.It succeeded as a result of good luck. B.It had an extremely impressive performance. C.It didn’t live up to the author’s expectations. D.It behaved rather badly in three straight games. 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In his third season in 2022, my son’s team never lost more than three straight games.There was happiness, boasting, celebration, pizza.In short, it was a typically good youth hockey season.”可知，作者儿子的球队在2022年第三赛季从未连续输掉超过三场比赛，这是一个美好的青少年冰球赛季，因此，这个球队的表现令人印象深刻。 刷阅读理解 58 2.What does the underlined word “clarifying” refer to?( ) D A.The losing improved their teamwork. B.The losing made them better understand hockey. C.The losing helped them learn a great truth of the world. D.The losing kept true players instead of those for honour. 解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“It weeded out the kids who were in it less for the game than the glory, leaving just the diehards behind.”可知，输掉比赛虽然很糟，但它可以淘汰那些只为了荣誉的孩子，留下真正热爱这项运动的孩子。这句话是对上一句中提到的the losing was clarifying的解释：留住了真正的球员，而不是那些追求荣誉的球员。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 59 关键点拨 抓住关键信息理解文意 此处the losing was clarifying是作者的一个观点，紧接着作者给出了解释，因此画线词所在句的下一句就是猜测词义的关键依据。在这句话中，关键词为weeded out和less for the game than the glory。掌握了关键信息后，再结合上下文进行通读，然后对比四个选项的表述即可确定答案。 刷阅读理解 60 3.What can we infer from the last two paragraphs about the new team?( ) D A.They finally became the winner. B.They didn’t start their training as beginners. C.They had personalities that can be counted. D.They applied themselves to improving their skill. 解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，在接连失败之后，球员开始回到基础练习，吸取经验教训，学习和体会冰上每个位置的作用，密切关注对方球员，学习和应用成功的技巧。由此可知，经历失败后，他们致力于提高自己的技能。 刷阅读理解 61 4.According to the author, what have the son’s team learnt?( ) A A.Fall seven times, stand up eight. B.The hardest fight is to fight oneself. C.Many hands make light work. D.Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst. 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“They had learnt the most important lesson: You can lose without being beaten.”可知，他们学到的是永不言败的精神，纵然跌倒，也要重新站起。 刷阅读理解 62 B ［黑龙江哈尔滨九中2025高一月考］Adults who continuously played organised sports through their youth have fewer symptoms of anxiety and depression than those who never played or those who dropped out, a new study finds.“And those who dropped out of sports had poorer mental health than those who never played at all. But many more people drop out of youth sports than play continuously until they are 18,” said Chris Knoester, a professor of sociology at The Ohio State University. “If you play and stick with sports, it’s positive for your mental health, but if you play and drop out, it seems to be negative—and most kids drop out,” Knoester said. The study showed that most people dropped out of sports because they weren’t having fun or felt they weren’t good enough.“That suggests ways youth sports can be improved to help kids,” said study lead author Laura Upenieks. “Our findings about why kids drop out of organised sports suggest that the current environment is less than ideal for everyone, and that the barriers to participation need to be given greater attention,” Upenieks said. 刷阅读理解 63 “It is easy to see why sports can be good for those who are able to continue with them to adulthood,” Upenieks said.“The longer the youth are exposed to a positive and encouraging sporting environment, the more likely they are to develop habits that are beneficial to long-term mental well-being, such as commitment to regular exercise and collaborating with others as part of a team.” The fact that so many kids quit shows that organised sports often don’t provide a positive environment. But there are steps adults can take to improve that environment. For one, sports should be safe for kids. The researchers said the fact that 8% said they were badly treated by coaches is particularly alarming.“And the finding that nearly half of kids quit because they weren’t having fun and about a third dropped out because they felt they weren’t good enough should also be a wake-up call,” Knoester said. “We need to improve youth sports so that they support positive experiences for everyone and make participation more enjoyable,” he said. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于体育运动对青少年心理影响的研究。 刷阅读理解 1.What can we say about dropping out of sports?( ) D A.It has no impact on physical health. B.It’s of benefit to mental health. C.It keeps players playing into adulthood. D.It is worse for mental health than never playing. 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“And those who dropped out of sports had poorer mental health than those who never played at all.”可知，相较于从不参加运动，退出体育运动对心理健康的影响更糟糕。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 65 2.What is one of the main reasons for kids dropping out of sports?( ) A A.They don’t get joy from exercise. B.They prefer individual activities. C.They are not physically fit enough. D.They are not academically related. 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The study showed that most people dropped out of sports because they weren’t having fun or felt they weren’t good enough.”以及倒数第二段中的“And the finding that nearly half of kids quit because they weren’t having fun…”可知，孩子们退出体育运动的主要原因之一是他们不能从运动中得到快乐。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 66 3.What can adults do to prevent the youth quitting sports?( ) B A.Reduce the number of coaches. B.Supply a secure environment for kids. C.Change the rules of sports. D.Provide more training partners. 解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段内容“The fact that so many kids quit shows that organised sports often don’t provide a positive environment.But there are steps adults can take to improve that environment.”和倒数第二段中的“For one, sports should be safe for kids.The researchers said the fact that 8% said they were badly treated by coaches is particularly alarming.”可知，有组织的体育活动往往无法营造积极的环境，并且部分孩子甚至被教练恶意对待，由此推知，成年人可以为孩子们提供一个安全的运动环境来防止青少年退出体育运动。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 67 4.What might Upenieks agree with?( ) C A.The reason kids quit sports needn’t to be taken into consideration. B.The benefits and drawbacks of playing youth sports should be balanced. C.The youth sports have an impact on long-term mental health. D.Youth sports programmes have both challenges and solutions. 解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The longer the youth are exposed to a positive and encouraging sporting environment, the more likely they are to develop habits that are beneficial to long-term mental well-being, such as commitment to regular exercise and collaborating with others as part of a team.”可知，她认为青少年接触积极体育运动环境的时间越长，就越有可能养成有助于长期保持心理健康的习惯，即青少年体育运动对长期心理健康有影响，故选C项。 刷阅读理解 68 ［全国新课标Ⅰ2023］On Oct.11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have . .1. . the course earlier than she did. Her . .2. . came because she was carrying a . .3. . across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her . .4. . when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She . .5. . to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with . .6. ..She couldn’t. Bailey then . .7. . to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get . .8. . attention. Once there, Lenoue was . .9. . and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme . .10. . to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help. 刷完形填空 69 As for Bailey, she is more . .11. . about why her act is considered a big . .12. ..“She was just crying. I couldn’t . .13. . her,” Bailey told the reporter.“I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” Although the two young women were strangers before the . .14. ., they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the . .15. . of human kindness won the day. 【语篇导读】本文讲述了越野运动员贝莉在比赛过程中将受伤的运动员勒努背至终点就医的故事。 刷完形填空 70 1.( ) A.designed B.followed C.changed D.finished D 解析 根据第二段描述的比赛经过可知，要不是贝莉背着受伤的运动员到达终点，她本应该会早点完成比赛。 2.( ) A.delay B.chance C.trouble D.excuse A 解析 根据上文的should have ____ the course earlier than she did可知，此处指贝莉延迟到达终点。 3.( ) A.judge B.volunteer C.classmate D.competitor D 解析 根据下文的a runner in front of her和help her fellow runner可知, 她救助的是一位参赛者。 4.( ) A.race B.school C.town D.training A 解析 根据上文的a cross-country race及Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way可知，此处指她已经完成了超过三分之二的比赛。race意为“比赛”，为原词复现，符合语境。 刷完形填空 71 5.( ) A.agreed B.returned C.stopped D.promised C 解析 根据上文a runner in front of her和下文“Bailey took her arm to see…”可知，她停下来帮助一同参赛的跑步者。stop意为“停下来；暂停”，符合语境。 6.( ) A.courage B.aid C.patience D.advice B 解析 根据上文的Bailey took her arm可知，贝莉想看看勒努在帮助下是否可以走路。aid意为“帮助，援助”，符合语境。 7.( ) A.went away B.stood up C.stepped aside D.bent down D 解析 根据下文的to let Lenoue climb onto her back可知，贝莉弯腰想背起勒努。bend down意为“俯身，弯腰”，符合语境。go away意为“走开”；stand up意为“站起来”；step aside意为“退位；让位”。 刷完形填空 72 8.( ) A.medical B.public C.constant D.equal A 解析 根据上文可知，勒努受伤了，所以贝莉应是将她背到能够得到治疗的地方。medical意为“医学的，医疗的”，符合语境。public意为“公众的”；constant意为“不断的”;equal意为“相同的”。 9.( ) A.interrupted B.assessed C.identified D.appreciated B 解析 根据语境可知，勒努应是接受伤势评估之后，被送往医院。assess意为“评估，评定”，符合语境。interrupt意为“打断”；identify意为“识别”;appreciate意为“感激”。 10.( ) A.hunger B.pain C.cold D.tiredness B 解析 根据上文crying in pain和serious injuries可知，如果没有贝莉的帮助，勒努会在极度痛苦中挣扎着到达援助检查站。pain意为“疼痛”，符合语境。 刷完形填空 73 11.( ) A.worried B.ashamed C.confused D.discouraged C 解析 根据下文why和“I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”可知，贝莉认为自己只是做了一件正确的事情罢了，所以她对助人这件事成为一件“重大的事情”感到困惑。 12.( ) A.game B.problem C.lesson D.deal D 解析 根据上文语境及下文提到贝莉认为自己只是做了一件正确的事情而已可知，此处表达人们认为贝莉的行为是“大事件”。a big deal意为“重大事情”，符合语境。 13.( ) A.leave B.cure C.bother D.understand A 解析 根据上文内容可知，贝莉觉得不能丢下勒努。leave意为“把（某人或某物）留在某处，遗弃，丢弃”，符合语境。cure意为“治愈”；bother意为“打扰”;understand意为“理解”。 刷完形填空 74 14.( ) A.ride B.test C.meet D.show C 解析 根据上文the two young women were strangers before并结合选项可知，二人在此次比赛前并不认识。meet意为“体育比赛；运动会”，符合语境。 15.( ) A.secret B.display C.benefit D.exchange B 解析 根据文章内容并结合选项可知，虽然二人都没有赢得比赛，但是那天展现出的人性之善赢得了胜利。display意为“展示，显露”，符合语境。 刷完形填空 75 03 单元限时小卷 建议用时：55分钟 76 ［山东省大联考2025高一月考］Hair health is a topic of great concern, just as a beauty master notes in a book, “Your hair’s health is a reflection of your body’s health.” There is good news that a discovery in hair growth research could pave the way for future medications. Researchers from the University of California have identified a molecule （分子） that is linked to faster hair growth. The molecule, which is found in higher levels in hairy moles （色素痣）, is shown to promote hair growth when it enters the skin. Maksim Plikus, PhD, the scientific officer, who is also a professor in the Department of Developmental and Cell Biology at the University of California, noted that for this study, the researchers drew inspiration from “Mother Nature’s own experiment”.“Millions of people have small and large moles that grow long hair. Thus, the molecule that is increased in such human skin moles might hold an answer for hair stem cell （干细胞） stimulation,” he explained. 刷阅读理解 77 The reasons behind hair loss are not easy to understand. Hair loss is underlined by a decrease in important signalling proteins （蛋白质） inside hair that normally stimulate hair stem cells. For common forms of hair loss, hair stem cells remain resting for a very long time, despite being complete and undamaged. One efficient strategy for fighting hair loss would be to inject signalling proteins into the skin covering the head to activate resting hair stem cells, a common way used in the medical field. Previous hair studies have recognised that such a way can prove to be very efficient, but which signalling proteins are viewed as good choices for hair stem cell stimulation in humans remains largely unknown. The discovery of the molecule as a hair growth stimulant is the result of a decade of research. This research points to a possible solution for hair loss that physicians and patients have been searching for. While his team is excited and hopeful about the possibility of finding a treatment that will work for both men and women, Plikus stresses that additional studies are required to better understand these findings in humans. 刷阅读理解 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了加利福尼亚大学的研究人员发现了一种与加速头发生长有关的分子。 1.How does the author introduce the topic?( ) B A.By asking. B.By quoting. C.By comparison. D.By definition. 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Hair health is a topic of great concern, just as a beauty master notes in a book, ‘Your hair’s health is a reflection of your body’s health.’”可知，作者是通过引用一位美容大师的话来引出头发健康这个话题的。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 79 2.Which of the following can promote hair growth?( ) A A.The rising molecules. B.The beautified head skin. C.The enlarged moles. D.The decreasing hair stem cells. 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Researchers from the University of California have identified a molecule that is linked to faster hair growth.The molecule, which is found in higher levels in hairy moles, is shown to promote hair growth when it enters the skin.”及第二段中的the molecule that is increased in such human skin moles might hold an answer for hair stem cell stimulation可知，这种分子在多毛的痣中含量更高，它可以促进头发生长，即数量增加的这种分子可以促进头发生长。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 80 3.What role do the signalling proteins play in hair stem cell stimulation?( ) C A.A patient. B.A viewer. C.A helper. D.A loser. 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“For common forms of hair loss, hair stem cells remain resting for a very long time, despite being complete and undamaged.One efficient strategy for fighting hair loss would be to inject signalling proteins into the skin covering the head to activate resting hair stem cells”可知，信号蛋白可以激活休眠的毛囊干细胞，起到辅助刺激的作用，相当于一个“助手”的角色。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 81 4.How does Plikus’s team feel about the research’s finding?( ) D A.It is doubtful. B.It is confusing. C.It is simple. D.It is promising. 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“While his team is excited and hopeful about the possibility of finding a treatment that will work for both men and women, Plikus stresses that additional studies are required to better understand these findings in humans.”可知，普林库斯的团队对这项研究的发现充满希望，即认为它是有前景的。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 82 知识拓展 把握科技类说明文的文体结构和特点 科技类说明文一般分为两类：第一类是实验研究型文章，这类文章一般会先点明新的研究所取得的突破，然后详细介绍研究的理论构架、对象、方法以及研究结果，再说明新的科学研究发现产生的影响；第二类是介绍说明型文章，这类文章通常是先介绍一种新产品、新技术、新理论等，然后具体从其原理、功能、现有弊端和市场前景等方面进行介绍。 在说明类文本中，作者一般会开门见山，直奔主题。因此说明文的首段通常起到引出文章主题、调动读者阅读兴趣的作用。 刷阅读理解 83 ［河北衡水二中2024高一期中］In the Arab world, a souk （露天市场） is a market usually held in an open-air location. Souks are an important part of life in the Middle East.1.___ Another attraction of souks is that they offer visitors a great opportunity to feel the local culture. Most major souks probably started as informal meetings of merchants （商人） in open spaces, which slowly developed into more formal markets.2.___ For example, some souks have partial ceilings （顶棚） to protect against bad weather, along with narrow streets which do not permit cars. Everything from glassware to meat can be found at a souk, with merchants coming from nearby areas to sell their products.3.___ So visitors can easily find beautiful artworks in all shapes and sizes at a souk, often at very reasonable prices. 4.___ By tradition, shoppers at a souk must negotiate （协商） with shopkeepers to reach a price. For large items, customers will have to sit down with the shopkeeper. G F B D 刷7选5 84 They will be offered tea and snacks while the price, including storage and delivery costs sometimes, is discussed. If you happen to be travelling in the Middle East, just pay a visit to a souk. Some regions have famous markets with a long and interesting history, and a souk is a great place to get souvenirs. You can find a local guide for your visit to ensure that you know local cultural rules well.5.___ C 刷7选5 A.Europeans prefer to pay the list price. B.Many countries in the Middle East have long artistic traditions. C.That will certainly allow you a more enjoyable day at the market. D.People may be shocked at the long process of making a deal at souks. E.There are many cultural differences between the West and the Middle East. F.Nowadays, souks make special designs to create a customer-friendly environment. G.Many visitors to the Middle Eastern countries enjoy going to souks to buy great goods. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。中东的露天市场销售各种各样的特色产品，在这里游客可以更好地感受当地的文化。 刷7选5 86 1.___ G 解析 根据设空处后的“Another attraction of souks is that they offer visitors a great opportunity to feel the local culture.”可知，此处强调露天市场另一个吸引人的地方是游客可以感受当地文化，故设空处应引起下文，指出露天市场一个吸引人的地方。G项（许多去中东国家的游客喜欢去露天市场买好东西）引起下文。 2.___ F 解析 根据设空处后的“For example, some souks have partial ceilings to protect against bad weather, along with narrow streets which do not permit cars.”可知，此处通过举例子解释露天市场做了一些特别的设计来为顾客创造良好的环境。F项（现在，露天市场会做一些特别的设计来创造一个对顾客友好的环境）引起下文，符合语境。故选F项。 刷7选5 87 3.___ B 解析 根据设空处后的“So visitors can easily find beautiful artworks in all shapes and sizes at a souk, often at very reasonable prices.”可知，设空处应解释该原因，即为什么游客们可以很容易地买到精美艺术品。B项（中东许多国家都有悠久的艺术传统）符合语境。故选B项。 4.___ D 解析 根据设空处后的“By tradition, shoppers at a souk must negotiate with shopkeepers to reach a price.”以及“They will be offered tea and snacks while the price, including storage and delivery costs sometimes, is discussed.”可知，本段主要讨论的是露天市场漫长的交易过程。D项（人们可能会对露天市场漫长的交易过程感到震惊）引起下文，D项中的making a deal和下文的price呼应。 刷7选5 88 5.___ 解析 根据设空处前的“You can find a local guide for your visit to ensure that you know local cultural rules well.”可知，此处强调在逛露天市场的时候，找一位当地导游的好处。C项（这肯定会让你在市场度过更加愉快的一天）承接前文。 C 刷7选5 ［全国新课标Ⅱ2024］When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn’t think too long. I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to . .1. ., Italy was the clear winner. During my first visit to Italy, I . .2. . to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to . .3. . a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and . .4. . my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language . .5. ..After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how . .6. . Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to . .7. . me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It’s these small . .8. . of kindness that make a new country feel like home. As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my . .9. . quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional . .10. ., and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families . .11. . for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can . .12. ..These meals are always . .13. . by laughter and joy. Whatever . .14. . life in Italy might have, the problems are . .15. . once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. 刷完形填空 90 【语篇导读】作者初次去意大利旅游时，对意大利人的友好印象深刻，因此十年前作者决定定居欧洲时，毫不犹豫地选择了意大利。意大利人对食物的热爱以及他们与亲朋好友聚餐时的欢乐氛围深深地感染了作者。 1.( ) A.study B.rent C.visit D.settle D 解析 根据上文When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago和下文After I made Italy my permanent home可知,十年前作者决定在欧洲买一所房子，并最终在意大利定居。settle意为“定居”，符合语境。rent意为“租用，出租”；visit意为“游览”。 刷完形填空 91 2.( ) A.planned B.struggled C.refused D.happened B 解析 根据During my first visit to Italy和下文“But every time I tried to… the locals smiled at me and ____ my language skills.That encouragement helped me to get through…”可知,作者初次到意大利旅游时，问路或点餐时有语言障碍，当地人向其微笑，给其鼓励，由此可推断作者的意大利语不流利，问路或点餐有困难。struggle to do sth意为“艰难地做某事”，符合语境。plan to do sth意为“计划做某事”；refuse to do sth意为“拒绝做某事”；happen to do sth意为“碰巧做某事”。 3.( ) A.string B.hang C.mix D.match A 解析 根据下文 the locals smiled at me and ____ my language skills和“That encouragement helped me to get through the language ____.”可推断,作者初次到意大利旅游时，不太会讲意大利语，每次都是尽力才能让人听懂。string sth together意为“把（单词或短语）连成句子”，string a sentence together意为“说出让人听懂的句子”，符合语境。hang意为“悬挂”；mix意为“（使）混合”；match意为“配对”。 刷完形填空 92 4.( ) A.improved B.assessed C.admired D.praised D 解析 由下文That encouragement可知，此处指当地人称赞作者的语言技能。praise意为“称赞”，符合语境。improve意为“改善”；assess意为“评定，估价”；admire意为“钦佩，欣赏”。 5.( ) A.course B.barrier C.area D.test B 解析 由上文作者初次到意大利旅游时苦于用意大利语问路或点餐，每次都费力才能拼凑出一句话可知，作者当时有语言障碍。get through the language barrier意为“克服语言障碍”，barrier意为“障碍”，符合语境。course意为“课程，一道菜”。 刷完形填空 93 6.( ) A.open-minded B.strong-willed C.warm-hearted D.well-informed C 解析 由下文“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to ____ me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可知，作者定居意大利后发现意大利人很热心。warm-hearted意为“热心肠的，友好的”，符合语境。open-minded意为“思想开明的”；strong-willed意为“意志坚强的”；well-informed意为“知识渊博的”。 7.( ) A.remind B.allow C.persuade D.order A 解析 根据作者所描述的意大利人的友好以及此处语境可知，此处指作者的邻居在下雨前提醒作者关车窗。remind sb to do sth意为“提醒某人去做某事”，remind意为“提醒”，符合语境。allow sb to do sth意为“允许某人做某事”；persuade sb to do sth意为“说服某人去做某事”；order sb to do sth意为“命令某人去做某事”。 刷完形填空 94 8.( ) A.tricks B.promises C.acts D.duties C 解析 上文作者提及邻居们会送作者现做的奶酪，会在下雨前提醒作者关车窗，这些都是微小却充满善意的行为。act意为“行为”，符合语境。trick意为“技巧，花招”；promise意为“诺言”；duty意为“责任”。 9.( ) A.ambition B.success C.appetite D.growth C 解析 由上文“As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach”以及下文的描述可知，没有地方能像意大利一样激起作者的食欲。appetite意为“食欲”，符合语境。ambition意为“抱负”；success意为“成功”；growth意为“成长”。 10.( ) A.costume B.dish C.symbol D.tale B 解析 由本段第一句可知，本段主要讲述作者喜欢意大利的美食，结合空后and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another也可知本句介绍与食物相关的内容。dish意为“菜肴”，符合语境。costume意为“服装”；symbol意为“象征”；tale意为“故事，传说”。 刷完形填空 95 11.( ) A.gather B.cheer C.leave D.wait A 解析 下文提及的Sundays、 birthdays都是家人们聚在一起的日子，故本句指的是“家人们在周日、生日以及因他们能想到的任何其他理由聚在一起吃饭”。gather意为“聚集”，符合语境。cheer for意为“为……欢呼”；leave for意为“动身去”；wait for意为“等待”。 12.( ) A.put up with B.stand up for C.come up with D.make up for C 解析 此处指意大利人在周日、生日以及因他们能想到的任何其他理由而聚餐。come up with意为“想出，想到（主意、答案等）”，符合语境。put up with意为“忍受”；stand up for意为“维护”；make up for意为“弥补”。 13.( ) A.signaled B.confirmed C.represented D.accompanied D 解析 根据上文并结合常识可知，意大利人喜欢聚餐，他们可以找各种理由聚餐，因此欢声笑语伴随着聚餐而产生。accompany意为“伴随”，符合语境。signal意为“标志，表明”；confirm意为“确认”；represent意为“代表”。 刷完形填空 96 14.( ) A.disadvantages B.meanings C.surprises D.opportunities A 解析 下文the problems与该空呼应，由此可推断此处表示“不管在意大利生活可能会有什么不便之处”。disadvantage意为“不便之处；劣势”，符合语境。meaning意为“意义”；surprise意为“令人惊奇的事”；opportunity意为“机会”。 15.( ) A.created B.forgotten C.understood D.identified B 解析 根据上文作者所描述的意大利人聚餐时的欢乐以及下文once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family可知，此处讲的是在与亲朋好友一起吃大餐时，生活中的不便之处都会被忘却。forget意为“忘记”，符合语境。create意为“创造”；understand意为“理解”；identify意为“识别”。 刷完形填空 97 ［辽宁大连2024高一期末］Every year the Weifang International Kite Festival 1.________ （amaze） visitors with colourful kites. The origin of kites in China can be traced back to the Warring States Period 2.______ the great Chinese philosopher Mozi in the State of Lu made the first “wooden kite”.In 1984, the first Weifang International Kite Festival was held. Kites 3.__________ （use） in China for military purposes at the very beginning. They were made to signal and measure distance, 4._________ （provide） intelligence to aid in moving large armies across difficult terrain （地形）.Over time, kites became connected with leisure activities 5._____ were often flown during festivals and holidays. The Weifang International Kite Festival is not only the best platform 6.________ （share） kite-making skills, but also 7.___ good way to improve friendship between people from different countries. The kites presented in 2023 brought various 8._________ （surprise） to kite lovers all over the world, and brought the people of China and other countries much 9.______ （close）.As one netizen put it, “No matter how far away kite lovers go, there is always a ‘thread’ in their heart that can pull 10.______ （they） together.” amazes when were used providing and to share a surprises closer them 刷语法填空 98 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了潍坊国际风筝会，包括风筝在中国的起源、风筝的用途以及该节日的意义。 1.________ amazes 解析 句意为：每年潍坊国际风筝会都会有五颜六色的风筝让游客们惊叹不已。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语Every year及句意可知，此处表述客观事实，故应用一般现在时。主语the Weifang International Kite Festival为单数，故谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填amazes。 刷语法填空 99 2.______ when 解析 句意为：风筝在中国的起源可以追溯到战国时期，当时鲁国伟大的哲学家墨子制作了第一个“木制风筝”。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the Warring States Period，关系词在从句中作时间状语。故填when。 3.__________ were used 解析 句意为：风筝在中国最初用于军事目的。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语at the very beginning可知，此处应用一般过去时；Kites与use之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态。主语Kites为名词复数，助动词应用were。故填were used。 刷语法填空 100 4._________ providing 解析 句意为：它们被用来发信号和测量距离，提供情报，以帮助调动大型军队穿越复杂地形。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语，其与设空处之间无连词连接，故设空处应用非谓语形式，作状语。此处They指代前文的Kites，与provide之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故应用现在分词形式。故填providing。 5._____ and 解析 句意为：随着时间的推移，风筝与休闲活动联系在一起，人们经常在节日和假期期间放风筝。分析句子结构可知，became connected与were often flown并列共同作句子的谓语，故设空处应用表示并列关系的连词。故填and。 6.________ to share 解析 句意为：潍坊国际风筝会不仅是分享风筝制作技能的最佳平台，也是增进各国人民友谊的一种好方式。分析句子结构可知，设空处作后置定语，platform后常接不定式作后置定语。故填to share。 刷语法填空 101 7.___ a 解析 句意见上一题解析。way在此处意为“方式，方法”，为可数名词，此处表示泛指，意为“一个好方式”，且good的读音以辅音音素开头，故应用不定冠词a。 8._________ surprises 解析 句意为：2023年潍坊国际风筝会所展示的风筝给世界各地的风筝爱好者带来了各种惊喜，也大大拉近了中国人民和其他国家人民之间的距离。设空处作brought的宾语，其前有形容词various修饰，故此处应填名词复数。故填surprises。 9.______ closer 解析 句意见上一题解析。根据句意及much可知，设空处应用比较级形式。故填closer。 10.______ them 解析 句意为：不管风筝爱好者走得有多远，心里总有一根“线”能把他们聚在一起。设空处在句中作宾语，应用they的宾格作宾语。故填them。 刷语法填空 102 ［辽宁丹东2025高一期末］阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Eric was a boy who barely reached five feet in height. He was really, really small, but his friend Jonas was the tallest child in the whole school. Feeling upset, Eric complained to Dad that he was often ignored in PE classes.“It’s not fair,” said Eric.“Jonas always gets picked first in PE, but nobody picks me. I wish I were tall.” “Jonas won’t grow forever,” said Dad, patting Eric on the shoulder gently.“At some point, Jonas will slow down and everyone else will catch up. And that includes you, Eric. You just have to be patient and live in the present.” At school the next day, they had a new PE teacher, Mr Groves. Mr Groves divided them into teams to play basketball. First, everyone had a go at dribbling the ball （运球） by weaving it in and out of cones. Eric found it easier than he had expected and he was just the right size to twist and turn. Next, they tried shooting the ball through a hoop. 刷读后续写 103 The hoop looked so far away to Eric as if it were on the moon. Whenever the small figure tried to shoot, whispers and laughter spread through the court. However, with Dad’s words echoing in his mind, Eric chose to be patient. He dreamt of one day standing on the court, sweat dripping, heart pounding, in a basketball game. Every day after school, Eric would make a beeline for the school’s basketball court and spend hours sharpening his skills. Months later, when the news broke that his school was to compete in an inter-school basketball game, Eric’s eyes lit up with excitement. Mr Groves told them there would be a basketball team trial （选拔赛） first. Eric made up his mind to give it a try. On the day of the trial, kids of all sizes and shapes came to the gym to show their skills, most of them over six feet tall, like young giants. 刷读后续写 注意：续写词数应为150个左右。 Suddenly, the gym door creaked open and a small figure appeared. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Finally, the day of the game arrived.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 刷读后续写 105 【写作提示】 1.材料导读 材料大意 本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了埃里克因为身材矮小，在体育课上总是不受重视。父亲安慰沮丧的埃里克，告诉他有一天他会长高，要保持耐心。第二天，新体育老师格罗夫斯让大家练习篮球运球和投篮。埃里克发现运球对他来说很容易，但投篮时却因个子矮而遭到嘲笑。尽管如此，他牢记父亲的话，每天放学后坚持练习篮球。几个月后，学校要举办校际篮球比赛，老师说要先进行选拔赛。虽然大多数参赛者都比他高大，但埃里克仍然决定勇敢尝试。 主要角色 埃里克、埃里克的父亲、体育老师格罗夫斯 需要解决的问题 埃里克因个子矮小而在体育课上经常被忽视；学校要举办校际篮球比赛，埃里克想通过篮球队选拔赛。 刷读后续写 106 2.续写分析 续写第一段（提示句：突然，体育馆的门嘎吱一声打开，一个小小的身影出现了。） 由续写第一段提示内容并结合续写第二段提示内容可知，第一段可描写埃里克在校篮球队选拔赛上的表现，如尽管他因个子矮小遭到同学们的嘲笑，但他凭借日夜苦练的扎实球技惊艳全场。 续写第二段（提示句：终于，比赛的日子来临了。） 由续写第二段提示内容可知，第二段可描写埃里克在比赛中展现高超球技，为全队的胜利投入了至关重要的最后一球。 情节线索 埃里克参加篮球队选拔赛——埃里克通过选拔赛——遭到对方球员嘲笑——双方球队势均力敌——埃里克成功投进最后一球——埃里克的球队获胜并赢得掌声 情感线索 面对他人的轻视与嘲笑时埃里克的坚定与自信——比赛中的拼搏与激情——获胜后的喜悦与自豪 刷读后续写 107 【参考范文】 Suddenly, the gym door creaked open and a small figure appeared.It was Eric.His classmates were astonished to see him and his appearance caused a ripple of giggles.Despite the laughter, he squared his shoulders and prepared to show himself.Mr.Groves asked them to dribble and shoot the ball one by one.It was Eric’s turn.He dribbled the ball, ran forward, leapt into the air, and shot the ball through the hoop with precision.Everyone was stunned.When the trial ended, Eric’s name was on the list of the selected players. Finally, the day of the game arrived.The gym was packed with students and supporters.The players were tall and strong except Eric.At the sight of Eric, the other team were laughing.But Eric just shook off their laughter with a confident smile.The game began,and Eric seemed to explode with energy as he slipped through defences.In the final minutes, the score was tied.Eric got the ball and, with a deep breath, took the crucial shot.His team won, and the crowd broke into applause.He proved that height wasn’t everything and that patience and perseverance could lead to victory. 刷读后续写 108 $$