必修第一册-Unit 4 Natural Disasters-【高中必刷题】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册、第二册合订同步课件（人教版）

该高中英语单元复习课件系统梳理了必修第一册Unit 4 Natural Disasters的核心知识，通过词汇语法专项（单句填空、单项填空）、课文改编填空等模块，将名词转换（如die→death）、定语从句、分数主谓一致等语法点与“自然灾害”主题语境串联，构建“词汇-语法-语篇”一体化知识网络。 其亮点在于采用“基础巩固-语篇应用-思维提升”分层复习策略，如语法填空融入中国遗产保护真实语篇培养语言能力，阅读理解推理题（如分析Voraakhom设计理念）提升思维品质，阅读后续写提供情节线索提示辅助个性化表达。既帮助学生系统巩固知识，也为教师提供精准复习路径，提升教学效率。

英语 必修第一册 RJ 1 必修第一册 Unit 4 Natural Disasters 2 01 Period Ⅰ Listening and Speaking &Reading and Thinking Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar 3 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.The fifth mass extinction occurred about 66 million years ago, causing the ______ （die） of the dinosaurs. death 解析 句意为：第五次大灭绝发生在约6,600万年前，导致恐龙灭绝。设空处作causing的宾语，且被定冠词the修饰，应用名词；death在此意为“永久的灭亡”，作不可数名词。 2.There was the calm ________ （wise） in this old man’s words that impressed me when I was confused about my future life. wisdom 解析 句意为：当我对未来的生活感到困惑时，这位老人话中的那种冷静的智慧给我留下了深刻的印象。此处为there be句型，设空处被定冠词the和形容词calm修饰，应用名词。故填wisdom，为不可数名词。 3.It is necessary that we act to stop the ___________ （destroy） of the rainforest. destruction 解析 句意为：我们有必要采取行动阻止对热带雨林的破坏。设空处被定冠词the修饰，后接介词of，且设空处作动词stop的宾语，应用名词形式。故填destruction，为不可数名词。 刷单句填空 4 4.It rained heavily for three hours in a row, doing great damage ___ the crops. to 解析 句意为：大雨连续下了三个小时，对庄稼造成了很大的损害。do damage to为固定搭配，意为“对……造成损害”。 5.It is no wonder the whole building is now in ______ （ruin）; it caught so big a fire last night. ruins 解析 句意为：难怪整座大楼现在成了一片废墟，昨晚它着了那么大的火。 in ruins为固定搭配，意为“严重受损；破败不堪”。故填ruins。 6.So heavy was the rain that we had to take shelter ______ it in the supermarket. from 解析 句意为：雨下得太大了，我们不得不在超市里避雨。take shelter from… 为固定搭配，意为“躲避……”。故填from。 刷单句填空 5 7.Two thirds of the surface of the earth __________ （cover） by water. 解析 句意为：地球表面三分之二的面积被水覆盖。Two thirds of the surface of the earth为句子的主语，分数修饰可数名词单数surface，谓语应用第三人称单数形式；且主语与cover之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故填is covered。 is covered 刷单句填空 知识拓展 分数表达法及其主谓一致问题 分数由基数词和序数词构成，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子超过1时，分母用复数。如：one third表示“三分之一”；two thirds表示“三分之二”。 当分数修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式要根据被修饰名词的单复数来决定。当“分数+of+单数名词/不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；当“分数+of+可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 刷单句填空 7 8.________ （bury） himself in reading novels, he didn’t notice me enter the room. Burying 解析 句意为：他埋头于看小说，没注意到我走进了房间。bury oneself in （doing） sth为固定搭配，意为“某人专注于（做）某事；埋头于（做）某事”。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语，且其与设空处之间无连词连接，故此处应用非谓语形式作状语，bury与he之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词。故填Burying。 9.After the accident, he kept calm as if nothing_____________ （happen） to him. had happened 解析 句意为：事故发生后，他保持镇静，好像什么事都没有发生似的。结合语境可知，as if引导的从句应用虚拟语气，此处为对过去情况的虚拟，从句应用过去完成时。故填had happened。 10.The clock _______ minute hand is missing is passed down from my great-grandmother. whose 解析 句意为：那个分针不见了的钟是我曾祖母传下来的。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The clock，关系词在定语从句中作minute hand的定语，意思是“那个钟的分针”，应使用关系代词whose引导该定语从句。故填whose。 刷单句填空 8 根据提示补全句子。 1.当这支队伍赢得冠军时，祝贺和赞赏的信息如潮水般涌来。（flood） When the team won the championship, _________ ___ ______________ _____ __________ ________ ___. messages of congratulations and admiration flooded in 2.据报道，两名游客被困在山中两天，最终一队警察赶去救了他们。（trap; 名词rescue） It was reported that two tourists _____ _____ ________ ___ the mountains for two days, and finally a team of policemen ______ ___ ________ _______. had been trapped in came to their/the rescue 3.这么多人在这场灾难中伤亡让全国人民都感到震惊。（leave） The fact that so many people were injured or died in the disaster ____ ____ _______ _____________ ________. left the whole country/nation shocked 刷单句表达 9 4.医生和护士尽了一切努力挽救这名患者的生命。（effort） The doctors and nurses ______ ______ ______ ___ _____ the patient. made every effort to save 5.安迪患心脏病多年，他无论到哪里，都得带些药。（suffer） _________ ______ ______ _______ for years, Andy has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes. Suffering from heart disease 刷单句表达 10 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For several days, strange things happened in Tangshan. The water in the wells rose and fell. Deep cracks appeared in the well walls, and 1._______ （smell） gas came out of some wells. Some animals had unusual behaviour. But people in the city, 2._____ were asleep as usual at night, didn’t think much of it. At 3:42 am, on 28 July, one of the most deadly 3.___________ （earthquake） of the 20th century broke out. In less than one minute, Tangshan 4.____ （lie） in ruins. The number of people who were killed or 5.________ （terrible） injured in the quake 6._____ （be） more than 400,000.Later that afternoon, another big quake struck Tangshan again. Water, food, and electricity were hard 7._______ （get）. But hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, teams were organised to dig out the trapped and bury the dead. Many more people, 8._________ （include） workers and doctors, came to provide help. Through all the efforts, the city began to breathe again. smelly who earthquakes lay terribly was to get including 刷课文改编填空 11 Today, 9.___ new Tangshan has been built upon the earthquake ruins, which has proved 10.___ the whole world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future. a to 刷课文改编填空 1._______ smelly 解析 此处修饰名词gas，应用形容词。smelly意为“有臭味的;有难闻气味的”。故填smelly。 2._____ who 解析 设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为people，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导该从句。 3.___________ earthquakes 解析 “one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”为固定结构，意为“最……的……之一”。故填earthquakes。 刷课文改编填空 13 4.____ lay 解析 lie在此处意为“处于，保持（某种状态）”，与主语Tangshan之间是主动关系，结合语境可知，此处叙述的是过去的事情，所以应用一般过去时。故填lay。lie作“处于，保持（某种状态）”讲时，过去式是lay。 5.________ terribly 解析 设空处修饰形容词injured，应用副词。故填terribly。 6._____ was 解析 分析句子结构可知，设空处是主句中的系动词，主句的主语是The number of people，所以be动词应用单数形式，结合语境可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填was。 7._______ to get 解析 “名词/代词+be+形容词（easy、hard、difficult、heavy、comfortable等）+to do”为固定结构。 刷课文改编填空 14 知识拓展 “be+表性质的形容词+不定式”结构 该结构中不定式的主动形式表被动含义。该结构中的主语与动词之间是逻辑上的被动关系，如果动词是不及物动词则要在其后加介词。 刷课文改编填空 15 8._________ including 解析 including为介词，意为“包括……在内”。 9.___ a 解析 句意为：今天，一个新的唐山已在地震废墟上建立起来，这向全世界证明在灾难时刻，人们必须团结起来，展现出智慧，以保持积极的心态，重建一个更美好的未来。Tangshan 是专有名词，但是此处前有形容词new修饰，表示某时的情况或某种样子，应用不定冠词修饰,new的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 10.___ to 解析 句意见上一题解析。prove to… 意为“向……证明”。 刷课文改编填空 16 ［广东省2025高一期末］阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Super typhoon Meranti almost washed away the historical bridges in Taishun County, Zhejiang Province, in 2016.The community took immediate 1._________ （measure） to restore them using the original components and 2.__________ （tradition） construction techniques. China’s swift restorations of historical sites have won global praise for setting 3.____ example in overcoming climate change. The Chinese government attaches great importance to 4.__________ （preserve） relics in extreme weather. Every year before the flood season, the National Cultural Heritage Administration 5.______ （issue） notices on strengthening the safety of cultural heritage, and then provinces and cities react, preparing for natural challenges. measures traditional an preserving issues 刷语法填空 17 In 2015, the China World Cultural Heritage Monitoring Center 6._______________ （establish）.China’s heritage monitoring not only classifies types of disasters but also, 7.______ （base） on data, summarizes the timing of the occurrence of extreme weather events and potential disasters each year, providing a basis for heritage managers to prevent disasters. Foreign experts spoke 8._______ （high） of China’s efforts. Andrew Potts, a specialist in this area from the United States, hopes Chinese experts can take part 9.___ more discussions and contribute to a charter 10.__________ will be issued during the 30th session of the Conference of the Parties （COP30） to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in Brazil. was established based highly in that/which 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国对灾难后历史遗迹的修复工作所作的努力。 刷语法填空 18 1._________ measures 解析 句意为：社区立即采取措施，利用原有构件和传统建造技术对它们进行修复。take measures to do sth为固定短语，意为“采取措施做某事”。故填measures。 2.__________ traditional 解析 句意见上一题解析。设空处修饰名词短语construction techniques，作定语，应用形容词，意为“传统的”。故填traditional。 3.____ an 解析 句意为：中国对历史遗迹的迅速修复赢得了全球的赞誉，在应对气候变化方面树立了榜样。example是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且example的发音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an修饰，set an example意为“树立榜样”。故填an。 4.__________ preserving 解析 句意为：中国政府非常重视极端天气下对遗迹的保护工作。attach importance to… 为固定短语，意为“重视……”；设空处作介词to的宾语，应用动名词形式。 刷语法填空 19 写作语料库 表示“重视；强调”的多种表达 attach （great） importance/significance to… （高度）重视…… stress/highlight 强调/突出 emphasise the importance of 强调……的重要性 place/put emphasis on/upon 强调/重视 value/prize sth highly 高度重视/珍视某事/物 give weight to 重视 刷语法填空 20 5.______ issues 解析 句意为：每年在汛期来临之前，国家文物局都会发布关于加强文化遗产安全的通知，然后各省市作出响应，为应对自然挑战做好准备。设空处作第一个分句的谓语，根据时间状语Every year before the flood season可知，应用一般现在时；issue在此处作动词，表示“发表，公布”，且主语为单数概念，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填issues。 6._______________ was established 解析 句意为：2015年，中国世界文化遗产监测中心成立。设空处作句子的谓语，根据时间状语In 2015可知，此处应用一般过去时；主语the China World Cultural Heritage Monitoring Center与establish之间是被动关系，所以此处应用被动语态；主语为单数概念，助动词用was。故填was established。 刷语法填空 21 7.______ based 解析 句意为：中国的遗产监测工作不仅对灾害类型进行分类，而且基于数据总结出每年极端天气事件和潜在灾害发生的时间，为遗产管理者提供预防灾害的基础。分析句子成分可知，not only… but also… 连接并列谓语classifies和summarizes，设空处应用非谓语动词作状语。be based on为固定搭配，意为“基于……”，故此处应用过去分词形式。故填based。 8._______ highly 解析 句意为：外国专家对中国的努力给予高度评价。固定短语speak highly of意为“高度评价”。故填highly。 9.___ in 解析 句意为：来自美国的该领域专家安德鲁·波茨希望中国专家能够参与更多的讨论，并为在巴西举行的《联合国气候变化框架公约》第30次缔约方大会（COP30）上发布的一项章程作出贡献。take part in为固定短语，意为“参加”。故填in。 刷语法填空 22 10.__________ that/which 解析 句意见上一题解析。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a charter，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词that或which引导该从句。 刷语法填空 23 01 Period Ⅰ Listening and Speaking &Reading and Thinking Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 24 A ［辽宁沈阳二中2025高一月考］When floods destroyed Bangkok more than a decade ago, Thai landscape architect Voraakhom became determined to help her sinking home town fight this deadly climate threat.“For us, climate change is primarily a water crisis,” she said. The architect integrates nature and water into her designs to create landscapes that help ease flooding and add greenery to densely populated cities.“To date, Thailand has tried to tackle its flooding problem by building higher and higher dams,” she said, arguing that this is the wrong approach and a solution based on fear.“The central question sinking cities like Bangkok need to focus on is how we are going to live with the water, without fear.” One of Voraakhom’s most innovative designs is Chulalongkorn University Centenary Park, which stores large amounts of rainwater and prevents the surrounding streets from flooding. Voraakhom also created Bangkok’s largest rooftop farm, Siam Green Sky, which recycles food waste from restaurants in the building and uses it as plant fertiliser. The farm also slows down 刷阅读理解 25 and stores large amounts of rainwater. Inspired by Thailand’s traditional agricultural practices, the architect created a landscape which allows rainwater to pour into the herb gardens. A research fellow at the Stockholm Environment Institute, Diane Archer said, “For Voraakhom’s urban green spaces, not only are they designed to tackle flooding by acting as water storage spaces, but they contribute to cleaning the air and providing essential green oases in our concrete jungle, which is so important for our mental and physical health. Even at a small scale, these parks are beneficial to the residents, and we need more of them.” Voraakhom’s designs are now expanding beyond Thailand.“Green, climate-resilient areas are a good long-term investment for cities,” she said, “and the best solution for the next generation.” 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了泰国景观设计师沃拉霍姆决心帮助她下沉的家乡对抗洪水的威胁，将自然和水融入她的设计中，创造出有助于缓解洪水的景观。 刷阅读理解 1.How does Voraakhom help cities with a large population to address flooding?( ) C A.By building higher and higher dams. B.By countering the fear of residents. C.By incorporating nature and water in her designs. D.By painting landscapes for the cities. 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The architect integrates nature and water into her designs to create landscapes that help ease flooding and add greenery to densely populated cities.”可知，沃拉霍姆通过将自然和水融入她的设计来帮助人口密集的城市缓解洪水问题。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 27 2.What is food waste in Siam Green Sky used to do?( ) B A.Store rainwater. B.Fertilise the farm’s plants. C.Create a landscape. D.Be recycled by restaurants. 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Voraakhom also created Bangkok’s largest rooftop farm, Siam Green Sky, which recycles food waste from restaurants in the building and uses it as plant fertiliser.”可知，Siam Green Sky屋顶农场将食物垃圾回收以给植物施肥。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 28 3.What does Archer think of Voraakhom’s designs?( ) B A.They discover green oases in cities. B.They benefit the health of citizens. C.They become the biggest air cleaner. D.They increase concrete storage in cities. 解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“For Voraakhom’s urban green spaces… but they contribute to cleaning the air and providing essential green oases in our concrete jungle, which is so important for our mental and physical health.”可知，阿彻认为沃拉霍姆的设计不仅有助于应对洪水，还能清洁空气，提供绿色空间，对居民的身心健康有益。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 29 4.Which of the following words best describe Voraakhom?( ) D A.Practical and self-focused. B.Generous and business-minded. C.Ambitious and ironhearted. D.Creative and strong-willed. 解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的Thai landscape architect Voraakhom became determined to help her sinking home town fight this deadly climate threat可知，沃拉霍姆意志坚定；根据第三段中的“One of Voraakhom’s most innovative designs is Chulalongkorn University Centenary Park…”可知，她富有创造力。A项意为“明智且以自我为中心”，与原文不符；B项意为“慷慨且有商业头脑”，文中未提及；C项意为“雄心勃勃且铁石心肠”，与原文不符。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 30 核心词汇 1.ease vt.& vi.缓解，减轻；放松 2.contribute to 促成；有助于；为……作出贡献 进阶词汇 1.integrate vt.& vi.（使）合并，成为一体 2.tackle vt.应付，处理 刷阅读理解 31 B ［河北衡水中学2025综合评价］In a natural disaster—a hurricane, a flood, a volcanic eruption, or other catastrophes—minutes and even seconds of warning can make the difference between life and death. Because of this, scientists are working to use the latest technologies to predict when and where disasters will happen. They are also studying how to best analyse and communicate this information once it is obtained. In September 1998, Hurricane Georges made landfall in Biloxi, Mississippi, after damaging Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, and several islands of the Caribbean badly with heavy rain and winds up to 160 km per hour. Few people lost their lives along the Gulf Coast region of the United States, although hundreds died in the Caribbean. 刷阅读理解 32 This was a very different result from 1900, when a powerful hurricane made an unexpected direct attack on Galveston, Texas, killing at least 6,000 people. Vastly improved hurricane warning systems at the end of the 20th century explained the different circumstances—residents of Galveston had no advance warning that a storm was approaching, while residents of Biloxi had been warned days in advance, allowing for extensive safety precautions （预防措施）.At the same time, people in Biloxi were thankful for the advance warning, but some residents of New Orleans, Louisiana were less satisfied. A day before Georges made landfall, forecasters were predicting that the hurricane had a good chance of striking New Orleans. Emergency management officials must begin to arrange evacuation well before a storm strikes. But evacuation costs money. The mayor of New Orleans estimated that his city’s preparations for Georges cost more than 50 million dollars. After Georges missed New Orleans, some residents questioned the value of the hurricane forecasts in the face of such high costs. 刷阅读理解 33 The different views on the early warning of Hurricane Georges show some of the complexities （复杂之处） related to predicting disasters. Disaster prediction is a process of providing scientific information for the government officials and other decision-makers who must respond to those predictions. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了灾害预测的重要性和不确定性，灾害预测是为了挽救人们的生命，但目前技术还有局限性。 刷阅读理解 34 1.What is the purpose of disaster prediction according to the text?( ) A A.To save people’s lives. B.To find out the cause of disasters. C.To prevent natural disasters from happening. D.To apply advanced technology to disaster prediction. 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In a natural disaster… minutes and even seconds of warning can make the difference between life and death.Because of this, scientists are working to use the latest technologies to predict when and where disasters will happen.”可知，在自然灾害中几分钟甚至几秒钟的预警都可以决定生死，因此科学家们致力于利用最新技术预测灾难发生的时间和地点，由此可知，灾害预测的目的是挽救人们的生命。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 35 2.According to the passage, in which area did a hurricane cause the most deaths?( ) C A.Biloxi. B.New Orleans. C.Galveston. D.Puerto Rico. 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段内容和第三段中的“This was a very different result from 1900, when a powerful hurricane made an unexpected direct attack on Galveston, Texas, killing at least 6,000 people.Vastly improved… different circumstances”可知，20世纪末飓风预警系统有很大提升，故在加尔维斯敦飓风导致的死亡人数最多。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 36 3.Why were some people of New Orleans unsatisfied?( ) A A.Their preparations were made in vain. B.They suffered a heavy hurricane attack. C.The hurricane warning arrived rather late. D.The forecast hurricane did not hit the city. 解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“A day before Georges made landfall, forecasters were predicting… estimated that his city’s preparations for Georges cost more than 50 million dollars.After Georges missed New Orleans, some residents questioned the value of the hurricane forecasts in the face of such high costs.”可知，天气预报说飓风很可能会袭击新奥尔良，新奥尔良为应对飓风花费了大量资金以进行人员疏散，但飓风最终未袭击该市，由此可推知，一些居民不满意的原因是他们认为这些高成本的准备工作是徒劳的。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 37 4.What does the text mainly talk about?( ) D A.The different ways of disaster prediction. B.Technological advances in disaster prediction. C.The benefits and preparations of disaster prediction. D.The importance and uncertainty of disaster prediction. 解析 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章开篇强调灾害预警的关键作用，接着用实例说明灾害预警系统可以减少伤亡，同时也通过新奥尔良的例子指出了灾害预测的复杂性，文章最后一段再次指出飓风预警可以为决策者提供科学信息，但是人们的不同看法显示了灾害预测的复杂性，由此可知，D项（灾害预测的重要性和不确定性）能够概括本文内容。 刷阅读理解 38 文本解构 刷阅读理解 39 ［广东肇庆2025高一期末］Natural disasters can strike at any place, and schools are no exception. Here are some steps for students to take to survive when a natural disaster hits schools. 1.___ Every student should have a personal emergency kit that includes essential items such as a flashlight, batteries, a first-aid kit, water, and nonperishable food. Keeping this kit at hand can ensure students are always prepared. Practise regular drills. Regular disaster drills are just as important as fire drills. They help students learn what to do in real emergency situations. Schools should conduct such drills regularly to ensure that students know what to do when a real disaster occurs.2.___ Identify safe areas. Knowing where safe zones are in the school can be a lifesaver.3.___ Examples include hallways, areas under desks, or designated shelter areas. These areas should be predetermined within the school and they can provide the best protection during different types of disasters. B F G 刷7选5 40 Understand the risk types.4.___ For example, coastal areas are more likely to experience hurricanes, and landslides are a threat in mountainous areas. Therefore, schools should teach students knowledge about the specific type of threat in their local area so that they can take appropriate action during a disaster. Take action in different situations. Students should stay calm and take immediate action based on different situations. For example, during a tornado, they should move to the lowest floor of the building and take cover under stable furniture.5.___ Earthquakes require us to drop to the ground, take cover under a table, and hold on until the shake stops. By following these steps, students can increase their chances of survival and minimise the impact. C D 刷7选5 41 A.Offer immediate care. B.Prepare an emergency kit. C.Different areas may face different types of natural disasters. D.In the event of a flood, students should move to higher ground. E.After a disaster, schools should check on all students and staff. F.These drills will help students react quickly and minimise the risk. G.When a disaster hits, students should head to the nearest safe area quickly. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些帮助学生应对自然灾害的措施。 刷7选5 42 1.___ B 解析 设空处是该段的主题句，下文具体说明了每个学生应准备的个人应急包中的物品，包括手电筒、电池、急救箱、水和不易腐烂的食物等，并强调了随身携带该应急包的重要性。因此，B项（准备一个应急包）能够概括本段内容，适合作为本段的主旨句。故选B项。 2.___ F 解析 空前提到定期的灾害演练和消防演练同样重要，它们能帮助学生学习在真实的紧急情况下的应对方法，因此学校应该进行定期的灾害演练。F项（这些演练将帮助学生快速反应并将风险降至最低）承接上文，进一步说明了演练的具体意义，选项中的These drills为关键信息。故选F项。 3.___ G 解析 空前提到了确定安全区域的意义，设空处应进一步说明灾难发生时学生应如何利用这些安全区域。G项（当灾难发生时，学生应迅速前往最近的安全区域）与上文衔接自然，并引出下文对具体安全区域的介绍，符合语境，选项中的safe area为关键信息。故选G项。 刷7选5 43 4.___ C 解析 本段的主题句指出要了解风险类型。下文举例说明沿海地区更容易遭遇飓风，而山区则面临山体滑坡的威胁。C项（不同地区可能面临不同类型的自然灾害）引出了下文对不同地区灾害类型的举例说明，符合语境。故选C项。 5.___ D 解析 本段的主题句指出要在不同情况下采取行动，设空处前后分别列举了发生龙卷风和地震时的应对措施。设空处应补充另一种自然灾害及应对方法。D项（如果发生洪水，学生应转移到地势较高的地方）与本段主旨一致，且与设空处前后的其他例子形成并列关系，符合语境。故选D项。 刷7选5 44 核心词汇 1.strike vt.& vi.侵袭；爆发；碰 vt.打；击 2.emergency n.紧急情况 3.minimise vt.使减少到最低限度 构词法 pre- prefix 预先；在……之前 predetermined adj.预先确定的 刷7选5 45 02 Period Ⅱ Discovering Useful Structures—Reading for Writing Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar 46 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.The value of life lies not in the _______ （long） of days but how we make use of them. length 解析 句意为：生命的价值不在于时间的长短，而在于我们如何利用这些时间。设空处被定冠词the修饰，作lies in的宾语，应用名词。故填length。 2.A _________ （power） 7.2-magnitude earthquake hit the city, killing at least 200 people. powerful 解析 句意为：一场7.2级的强烈地震袭击了这座城市，造成至少200人死亡。设空处作定语，修饰earthquake，结合语境可知，此处表示“猛烈的”。故填powerful。 3.The father was the only ________ （survive） of the fire that destroyed the wooden house of the family. survivor 解析 句意为：大火摧毁了这家人的木屋，这位父亲是唯一的幸存者。主句的主语是The father，设空处在主句中作表语且前面有the only修饰，应用名词单数形式，且根据语境可知，此处表示“幸存者”。故填survivor。 刷单句填空 47 4.I’m calling to confirm the ________ （deliver） of my goods tomorrow. delivery 解析 句意为：我正打电话确认明天是否送货。设空处在句中作confirm的宾语，且被定冠词the修饰，应用名词，此处表示“递送”，故填delivery。 5.What happens when food and gasoline ________ （supply） run low? supplies 解析 句意为：如果食物和汽油供应减少，会出现什么情况呢？supply作“供应量；储备”讲时，是可数名词，结合从句谓语run可知，此处应用名词复数形式。故填supplies。 6.We all know that playing with the smartphone for a long time has a bad effect ____ our eyesight. on 解析 句意为：我们都知道长时间玩智能手机会对我们的视力造成不良影响。have an effect on为固定搭配，意为“对……有影响”。故填on。 刷单句填空 48 7.We will have some experts ____ hand to give you any help you need at all times. on 解析 句意为：我们将随时都有专家为您提供所需要的任何帮助。on hand 为固定搭配，意为“现有（尤指提供帮助）”。 8.___ summary, we should not judge a person by his appearance. In 解析 句意为：总之，我们不应该以貌取人。in summary为固定搭配，意为“总之”，且设空处位于句首，单词首字母应大写。 9.What _______ （strike） me most in the movie was the father’s deep love for his son. struck 解析 分析句子结构可知，设空处为主语从句的谓语动词，strike与What之间是主动关系，应用主动语态；根据was可知，本句描述过去的动作，所以应用一般过去时。故填struck。 10.I was walking the dog in the park ______ something unusual caught my attention. when 解析 be doing sth when… 为固定句型，意为“正在做某事时，这时突然……”。故填when。 刷单句填空 49 根据提示补全句子。 1.一些父母想要保护他们的孩子免受各种危险，无论是真实的还是想象出来的。（动词shelter） Some parents want to _______ _____ ____________ ______ every kind of danger, real or imagined. shelter their kids/children from 2.在这个受灾严重的地区，救援物资供应不足。 In the severely-hit area, relief goods were ___ ______ _______. 3.被困在孤岛上的那位旅行者靠在海里捕到的鱼活了下来。 The traveller trapped on the lonely island _________ ____ the fish caught in the sea. 4.这对双胞胎姐妹的父母一进来，她们就安静了下来。 ____ _____ ____ their parents came in，the twin sisters _______ ______. 5.我突然想到，我应该拜访我的老师。（strike） ___ ____________ ____ _____ I should pay a visit to my teacher. 6.汉斯被邀请在开幕式上发表演讲。 Hans was asked ___ ________________ ___ _______ at the opening ceremony. in short supply survived on As soon as; calmed down It strikes/struck me that to deliver/make/give a speech 刷单句表达 50 在空白处填入1个适当的单词。 1.I will never forget the days __________ I spent with your family. that/which 解析 句意为：我永远不会忘记和你们一家一起度过的那些日子。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是days，指物，关系词在定语从句中作动词spent的宾语，应用关系代词that或which引导该从句。 2.He lives in the room _______ window faces to the south. whose 解析 句意为：他住在窗户朝南的房间里。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词room，结合语境可知，此处表示“房间的窗户”，应用whose引导该从句，whose在从句中作window的定语。 3.The little problems __________ we meet in our daily lives may be the inspirations for great inventions. that/which 解析 句意为：我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题可能是伟大发明的灵感来源。设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词problems指物，关系词在定语从句中作meet的宾语，应用关系代词that或which引导该从句。 刷单元语法 51 4.This is Mr John for _______ son I bought a book yesterday. whose 解析 句意为：这是约翰先生，昨天我给他的儿子买了一本书。设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为Mr John，buy sth for sb为固定搭配，for被前置，____ son为for的宾语，关系词在从句中作son的定语，应用whose引导该从句。 5.But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place __________ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life.［全国乙2023·改编］ which/that 解析 句意为：除了古建筑外，北京也是一个欣然接受现代生活快节奏发展的地方。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词place，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词；先行词指物，关系词应用that或which。 刷单元语法 52 6.I always want a friend with _______ I can share my deepest feelings and thoughts. whom 解析 句意为：我一直想有一个能够与之分享我最深刻的感受和想法的朋友。先行词friend指人，关系词在从句中作介词with的宾语，应用whom，与with构成“介词+关系代词”结构，引导定语从句。share… with为固定搭配，从句中介词with被前置。 7.Success often comes to those _____ are good at recognising their own strengths. who 解析 设空处引导定语从句，先行词为those，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填who。 8.There are many mysteries about dinosaurs for _______ we long to find explanations. which 解析 句意为：关于恐龙有许多谜团，我们渴望找到解释。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为mysteries，指物，关系词在定语从句中作介词for的宾语，应用which引导该从句。固定搭配explanations for… 意为“对……的解释”。 刷单元语法 53 9.The champion talked a lot about things and people _____ helped him become a successful athlete. that 解析 句意为：这位冠军谈了很多帮助他成为一名成功运动员的事情和人。本句中先行词为things and people，关系词在从句中作主语，故用that。 10.The only system _____ will help you remember what you have heard at a lecture is keeping notes. that 解析 句意为：唯一可以帮助你记住你在讲座上听到的东西的方法就是记笔记。设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为system，关系词在从句中作主语，因先行词前有The only修饰，所以只能用关系代词that。 刷单元语法 54 知识拓展 定语从句中关系代词常用that的情况 （1）先行词为指物的不定代词all、something、everything、nothing、anything等时；（2）先行词被the only、the very、the last等修饰时；（3）先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时；（4）先行词既有表示人又有表示物的词时。 刷单元语法 55 ［湖北武汉2024段测］阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 2020, California experienced its 1.______ （bad） fire season on record. While Prisha Shroff was driving with her family from Los Angeles to their home, she watched the flames （火焰） through the car window. “After I witnessed this fire, I arrived back at home only to hear about the Australian and Amazon wildfires and how the same effects of the Los Angeles fire were happening on a bigger scale （规模）.It 2.______ （real） proved to me that this is a global problem and there is a need for a solution 3.__________ can prevent these wildfires,” she says. Shroff started researching 4._________ （solution） but learnt that most wildfire fighting measures focus 5.________ spotting and putting out wildfires instead of prevention.6.________ （inspire）, Shroff created a system designed to prevent wildfires, which earned her the Lemelson Award for Invention in the Broadcom MASTERS, a science 7.___________ （compete） for middle school students. worst really which/that solutions on/upon Inspired competition 刷语法填空 56 Her artificial intelligence-based system 8.________ （predict） areas that are vulnerable （易受攻击的） to wildfires based on real-time data such as temperature and wind. If an area is high-risk, the system can give 9.___ signal to fire agencies. In the future, she’ll work on 10.__________ （improve） her AI model by adding millions of wildfire data points. predicts a improving 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了普里沙·什罗夫目睹洛杉矶严重的火灾后，创建了一个基于人工智能的系统来预防野火的故事。 刷语法填空 57 1.______ worst 解析 句意为：2020年，加利福尼亚州经历了有史以来最严重的火灾季。根据on record可知，此处表示“有史以来最严重的火灾季”，表示最高级含义，故设空处应用形容词的最高级。 2.______ really 解析 句意为：这真的向我证明了这是一个全球性的问题，我们需要一个解决方案来预防这些野火。设空处作状语，修饰动词proved，应用副词。故填really。 3.__________ which/that 解析 句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰solution，先行词指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用which或that引导该从句。 4._________ solutions 解析 句意为：什罗夫开始研究解决方案，但她了解到，大多数应对野火的措施都侧重于发现和扑灭野火，而不是预防。solution在此意为“解决方法”，为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且其前无限定词修饰，结合语境可知，此处表示不止一个解决办法，故用复数形式。故填solutions。 刷语法填空 58 5.________ on/upon 解析 句意见上一题解析。focus on/upon为固定搭配，意为“集中于；聚焦于”。故填on/upon。 6.________ Inspired 解析 句意为：受到启发，什罗夫创造了一个旨在预防野火的系统，并因此赢得了一项面向中学生的科学竞赛博通大师赛的“勒梅尔森发明奖”。主句中已有谓语created，设空处与其之间无连词连接，故应用非谓语形式作状语，inspire与Shroff之间为逻辑上的被动关系，表示“受到启发”，应用过去分词，表示动作已完成。故填Inspired。 7.___________ competition 解析 句意见上一题解析。分析句子成分可知，a science ____ for middle school students作the Broadcom MASTERS的同位语，且设空处被不定冠词a修饰，应用名词单数形式，science为名词作定语，此处表示“科学竞赛”，故填competition。 刷语法填空 59 8.________ predicts 解析 句意为：她的基于人工智能的系统根据温度和风力等实时数据预测易发生野火的地区。此处为主句谓语动词，根据从句中的are可知，该主句时态为一般现在时；主句主语为system，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；system与predict之间为主动关系，用主动语态。故填predicts。 9.___ a 解析 句意为：如果一个地区风险高，该系统可以向消防机构发出信号。设空处修饰单数可数名词signal，结合句意可知，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，故填a。 10.__________ improving 解析 句意为：未来，她将通过添加数百万个野火数据点来努力改进她的人工智能模型。设空处作介词on的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填improving。 刷语法填空 60 02 Period Ⅱ Discovering Useful Structures—Reading for Writing Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 61 A ［河南郑州外国语学校2024高一期中］In the winter of 2023, the state of California in the U.S.received unusually large amounts of rain and snowfall. Now, people worry that some areas will flood as the snow in the Sierra Nevada Mountains melts.Ron Caetano lives about halfway between Los Angeles and San Francisco. He is preparing to leave in case his community, called the Island District, floods. More than 100 years ago, the Island District area was under Tulare Lake. At one time, Tulare Lake was the largest freshwater lake west of the Mississippi River. But reservoirs （水库） and watering systems for agriculture caused it to disappear. However, in very rainy years, farmland can still get covered with water. Experts say reservoirs near the area will likely receive three times more water than they can hold this year. That means officials must increase the amount of water they release from the reservoirs. But if too much water is released, the area might flood. 刷阅读理解 62 The Island District has organized a community network to help prepare for floods. People are placing sandbags close to elderly neighbors’ houses to stop possible flooding. And they are looking at reports from water officials, county officials, and from each other. California has had very dry weather in recent years. Therefore, both cities and farm communities acclaimed the winter rains. If the weather gets warm slowly, the snow will not melt quickly and there may be little or no flooding. But if the weather gets hot quickly, that will bring trouble from too much melting snow. Officials announced plans to close parts of Yosemite National Park because of possible risk of flooding. The park is about 270 kilometers east of San Francisco in the Sierra Nevada Mountains. Nicholas Pinter is with the University of California, Davis Center for Watershed Sciences. He said the lake’s size has always changed because of California’s weather. He described the surrounding area this way.“It has been an engineering problem all along,” he said.“This is a bathtub with no drain （排水管）.” 刷阅读理解 63 【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章指出加利福尼亚州冬天降雨雪量异常大使得人们担心山区积雪融化后会引发洪水。 刷阅读理解 64 1.What made Tulare Lake disappear?( ) D A.Lack of rainfall. B.Natural disasters. C.Climate warming. D.Human behavior. 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“At one time, Tulare Lake was the largest freshwater lake west of the Mississippi River.But reservoirs and watering systems for agriculture caused it to disappear.”可知，水库和农业灌溉系统导致了图莱里湖的消失，水库的建设以及农业灌溉系统与人类的行为有关。 刷阅读理解 65 2.What does the underlined word “acclaimed” in paragraph 4 mean?( ) C A.Feared. B.Doubted. C.Welcomed. D.Tracked. 解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“California has had very dry weather in recent years.”以及画线词后的the winter rains可知，加利福尼亚州近年来天气非常干燥，因此城市和农场社区对于冬雨应是非常欢迎的。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 66 3.What might Californians want to see?( ) B A.The government can help them move to other states. B.The weather can get warm gradually in California. C.There is more rain in the cities than on farms. D.The officials release water on a regular basis. 解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“If the weather gets warm slowly… that will bring trouble from too much melting snow.”可知，如果天气慢慢变暖，可能几乎不会发生洪水或根本不会有洪水，但是如果天气迅速变热，积雪融化过多会带来麻烦。由此可推知，加利福尼亚州的人们希望天气逐渐变暖。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 67 4.What can we infer from Nicholas Pinter’s words?( ) A A.It is difficult to deal with the flood. B.It is easy to keep the snow water. C.The surrounding area is unfit to live in. D.The lake is already overflowing. 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“He said the lake’s size has always changed because of California’s weather.He described the surrounding area this way.‘It has been an engineering problem all along,’ he said.‘This is a bathtub with no drain.’”可知，在尼古拉斯·平特看来，受加利福尼亚州的天气影响，湖泊的大小一直在变化，这一直是一个工程问题，它就好似一个没有排水管的浴缸一样，由此推断洪水的问题很难解决。 刷阅读理解 68 核心词汇 1.flood vi.& vt.（被）淹没 n.洪水 2.melt vi.& vt.（使）融化 3.in case 以防万一 刷阅读理解 69 B ［广西柳州高中、南宁三中2024联考］In Japan, the new year began with disaster as a 7.5 magnitude earthquake struck the Noto Peninsula （能登半岛） on the country’s western edge. More than 2,000 active fault lines （断层线） lie beneath Japan, making it one of the most earthquake-prone countries in the world. Many scientists have long considered earthquake forecasting to be impossible. But given recent improvements in artificial intelligence, some researchers have been studying whether that could change. In 2023, researchers at the University of Texas at Austin increased such hopes for earthquake prediction with a seven-month trial in China. In all, the AI algorithm （算法） successfully forecast 14 earthquakes, each within about 200 miles of where it estimated they would happen and at almost exactly the calculated strength. Meanwhile, it missed one quake and gave eight false warnings. The trial was part of an international AI-design competition, one of a few such events held in recent years to advance earthquake prediction technologies. 刷阅读理解 70 Sergey Fomel, a geoscientist at UT Austin and a member of the research team, says in a statement, “We’re not yet close to making predictions for anywhere in the world, but what we achieved tells us that what we thought was an impossible problem is solvable in principle.” “Additionally, machine learning could help detect hidden patterns in data or collect more data to better inform earthquake forecasting,” Hutchison writes for MIT Technology Review.For example, some researchers are showing how AI might use recordings of a specific seismic （地震的） site to anticipate an earthquake’s magnitude. One team has built and trained neural networks to predict where aftershocks may occur after an initial strike. And others are using machine learning to identify and extract seismic waves—the vibrations that spread through the earth during tectonic activity （构造活动）—from other noises in the ground. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了经过试验发现，人工智能在地震预测方面很有前景。 刷阅读理解 71 1.What’s the function of the first paragraph?( ) B A.To explain a concept. B.To introduce a topic. C.To present a summary. D.To provide an example. 解析 推理判断题。第一段介绍了日本发生的一次地震以及日本多地震的原因，第二段则提出主题，由于人工智能的进步，一些研究人员认为地震很难预测这种情况会有所改变；结合下文内容可知，下文主要介绍了一项以人工智能算法为基础的地震预测实验和一些科学家对该问题的看法，即本文主要探讨了人工智能应用于地震预测的可行性。由此可知，第一段的作用是引入话题。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 72 方法总结 把握科技类说明文的文体结构和特点 科技类说明文一般分为两类：第一类是实验研究型文章，这类文章一般会先点明新的研究所取得的突破，然后详细介绍研究的理论构架、研究对象、研究方法，具体的实验、统计等过程和实验结果，再说明新的科学研究发现产生的影响；第二类是介绍说明型文章，这类文章通常是先介绍一种新产品、新技术、新理论等，然后具体从其原理、功能、现有弊端和市场前景等方面进行介绍。 在说明类文本中，作者一般都会开门见山，直奔主题，因此说明文的首段通常起到引出文章主题、调动读者阅读兴趣的作用。 刷阅读理解 73 2.What made some researchers optimistic about earthquake forecasting?( ) D A.The recent progress in theories. B.The use of traditional methods. C.The increasing number of earthquakes. D.The advancements in artificial intelligence. 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But given recent improvements in artificial intelligence, some researchers have been studying whether that could change.”可知，人工智能的进步让一些研究人员对地震预测持乐观态度。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 74 3.What do we know from the third paragraph?( ) C A.The trial was conducted by Chinese. B.The algorithm was totally successful. C.AI shows promise for earthquake prediction. D.The AI competition only focused on earthquakes. 刷阅读理解 75 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In all, the AI algorithm successfully forecast 14 earthquakes, each within about 200 miles of where it estimated they would happen and at almost exactly the calculated strength.”可知，该算法总共成功预测了14次地震，且结果基本准确，由此可知，人工智能在地震预测方面很有前景。C&1& 。 A&2& ：该试验由得克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的研究人员在中国进行，并非由中国人进行的实验。（In 2023, researchers at the University of Texas at Austin increased such hopes for earthquake prediction with a seven-month trial in China.） B&3& ：这一算法并非完全成功，有1次地震未发出警报，有8次发出了错误警报。（it missed one quake and gave eight false warnings） D&4& ：这项有关地震的试验只是国际人工智能设计竞赛的一部分，因此这一竞赛并非只关注地震。（The trial was part of an international AI-design competition） 刷阅读理解 76 4.What is the best title for the passage?( ) B A.Japan’s Vulnerability to Earthquakes B.A Helper in Predicting Earthquakes—AI C.The Impossibility of Earthquake Prediction D.International Efforts to Predict Earthquakes 解析 主旨大意题。文章第一段引出话题，第二段点明文章主旨，后文主要说明了经过一项试验，研究人员发现人工智能在地震预测方面大有前途，他们也在利用人工智能来研究如何预测地震。B项（预测地震的帮手——人工智能）最适合作为文章标题。 刷阅读理解 77 长难句分析 句意：我们还不能预测世界上任何地方的地震，但我们所取得的成就告诉我们，我们认为不可能解决的问题在理论上是可以解决的。 刷阅读理解 78 A storm with strong winds struck late on a Friday evening, knocking down trees, blocking roads, damaging homes, and destroying power lines. Thousands of people . .1. . found themselves in the dark without water and electricity. They found themselves cut off from the modern world while . .2. . 37<m></m> plus heat with no help and no idea when it would be over. . .3. ., the most amazing thing happened: It brought out the best in people. People . .4. . their food and ice. People who still had power . .5. . their homes to those who had none. People rushed out to clear roads, repair the damage and . .6. . electricity. Neighbours . .7. . on front porches （前廊） to talk. People came together as one family to help one another in this time of great need. It was such a（n） . .8. . to see all these people acting like this under such . .9. . circumstances. 刷完形填空 79 Life’s . .10. . strike all of us from time to time. No one is . .11. ..We all get hurt. We all get challenged. We all get squeezed （逼迫） by . .12. . during our days. How we . .13. . to them, though, is up to us. We can let them bring out the . .14. . in us or we can let them bring out the best in us. May you always bring out the best in your heart and soul, no matter what life may . .15. . at you. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过描述一场暴风雨给人们带来的困境以及人们在困境中展现出的团结、互助和善良，来传达一种积极向上的生活态度和人性的美好。 刷完形填空 80 1.( ) A.accidentally B.ultimately C.suddenly D.gradually C 解析 根据上文“A storm with strong winds struck late on a Friday evening… and destroying power lines.”并结合语境可知，这场发生在夜间的暴风雨摧毁了电线，因此人们是突然间陷入了黑暗之中。suddenly意为“突然地”，故选C项。accidentally意为“意外地”；ultimately意为“最终”；gradually意为“逐渐地”。 2.( ) A.enjoying B.bearing C.increasing D.carrying B 解析 根据上文“Thousands of people ____ found themselves in the dark without water and electricity.”可知，人们既没有水也没有电，因此只能忍受高温。bear意为“忍受”，故选B项。 3.( ) A.Therefore B.Thus C.However D.Besides C 解析 根据上文内容可知，没有了水和电，很多人突然陷入了困境，而空后提到发生了神奇的事，即这场暴风雨激发出人们最好的一面，由此可知，设空处前后文之间存在转折关系。 刷完形填空 81 4.( ) A.purchased B.sold C.transported D.shared D 解析 根据上文“It brought out the best in people.”和下文“People rushed out to clear roads, repair the damage and ____ electricity.”可知，灾难激发出人们最好的一面，他们团结互助，共同解决困境，因此此处应表示人们分享自己的食物和冰块。share意为“分享”，故选D项。purchase意为“购买”。 5.( ) A.left B.opened C.needed D.adjusted B 解析 根据上文“… the most amazing thing happened: It brought out the best in people.”可知，灾难激发出人们最好的一面，因此此处表示家中仍有电的人会向家中没有电的人敞开家门。故选B项。adjust意为“调整”。 6.( ) A.restore B.build C.reduce D.raise A 解析 根据上文“People rushed out to clear roads, repair the damage”可知，此处表示人们冲出家门，清理道路，修复损毁并恢复供电。restore意为“恢复”，故选A项。reduce意为“减少”；raise意为“提高”。 刷完形填空 82 7.( ) A.approached B.continued C.encountered D.gathered D 解析 根据上文对人们互相帮助的场景的描述以及下文“Strangers came together as one family to help one another in this time of great need.”可知，此处表示邻居们聚集在一起聊天。gather意为“聚集”，故选D项。approach意为“接近”；continue意为“继续”；encounter意为“偶遇”。 8.( ) A.joy B.hurt C.favour D.affection A 解析 根据上文对人们互相帮助的场景的描写可知，此处表示看到大家在如此艰难的情况下还能这样表现，这是一件令人开心的事。joy意为“令人高兴的人或事”，故选A项。hurt意为“伤害”；favour意为“帮助；恩惠”；affection意为“喜爱”。 9.( ) A.artificial B.identical C.tough D.intense C 解析 根据上文“Thousands of people ____ found themselves in the dark… and no idea when it would be over.”可知，这场暴风雨使人们陷入了艰难的处境。tough意为“艰难的”，故选C项。artificial意为“人为的”；identical意为“相同的”；intense意为“强烈的”。 刷完形填空 83 10.( ) A.anxieties B.questions C.fears D.disasters D 解析 根据上文内容可知，文章围绕一场突发的自然灾难展开，因此此处指的是生活中的灾难会时不时地发生。disaster意为“灾难”，故选D项。anxiety意为“焦虑”；fear意为“恐惧”。 11.( ) A.disturbed B.spared C.included D.challenged B 解析 根据上文“Life’s ____ strike all of us from time to time.”可知，在生活的灾难面前，没有人能够幸免。spare意为“使免受，幸免”，故选B项。 12.( ) A.difficulties B.conditions C.experiences D.assumptions A 解析 根据上文“We all get hurt.We all get challenged.”并结合选项可知，此处表示我们都会被困难所逼迫。difficulty意为“困难”，故选A项。condition意为“条件”；experience意为“经历”；assumption意为“假设”。 刷完形填空 84 13.( ) A.stick B.take C.adapt D.respond D 解析 根据下文“We can let them bring out the ____ in us or we can let them bring out the best in us.”可知，我们如何对生活的灾难作出反应取决于我们自己。respond to意为“对……作出反应”，故选D项。 14.( ) A.deepest B.secret C.grace D.worst D 解析 根据空后的or可知，the in us与the best in us形成对比，因此此处表示“我们最糟糕的一面”，故选D项。 15.( ) A.wave B.throw C.point D.glance B 解析 根据语境可知，此处指的是无论生活可能抛给我们什么，我们都需要展现最好的一面。throw意为“扔”，故选B项。 刷完形填空 85 03 单元限时小卷 建议用时：55分钟 86 ［湖北华中师大一附中2025高一期末］If all the world’s a stage and all the men and women are merely players, where does that leave non-human figures, like artificial intelligence （AI） chatbots? As it turns out, AI can hold its own against humans when it comes to writing poetry. AI chatbots can imitate famous poets like William Shakespeare well enough to fool many human readers, according to a new paper published on Thursday in the journal Scientific Reports.In addition, many study participants actually prefer the chatbot’s poetry over the works of well-known writers. In an experiment, researchers asked a group of participants to read and rate poems on 14 qualities, ranging from rhythm （韵律） to originality. The participants were given a mix of poems written by humans and by AI, and the scientists didn’t share anything about the poems’ authorship. The team uncovered a surprise: The participants who didn’t know anything about the poems’ origins gave higher ratings, on average, to those written by the chatbot. 刷阅读理解 87 Why do readers seem to prefer AI-generated poetry? It’s not entirely clear, but one hypothesis is that AI-generated poems are relatively straightforward and simple to comprehend. Understanding poems written by humans requires deep, critical thinking—and that’s a big part of poetry’s appeal. But modern readers don’t seem to want to do this labour, preferring text that gives them “instant answers”. The study’s findings seem to confirm （证实） some fears of AI, one of which is that AI will one day replace human artists and put them out of work. But Dorothea Lasky, the only living poet whose writings were included in the experiment, says it’s not necessarily a bad thing that readers enjoyed the AI-generated poems.“Poetry will always be necessary,” Lasky tells The Washington Post.“If these people in the study read AI poems and liked those poems better than human-generated ones, then that, to me, is beautiful. They had a good experience with a poem, and I don’t care who wrote it. I feel there is room for all poets—even robot poets.” 刷阅读理解 88 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。一篇新发表于《科学报告》的论文表明，在诗歌创作领域，人工智能可与人类抗衡。人工智能聊天机器人能模仿如莎士比亚等著名诗人的诗作，它们创作的诗歌足以迷惑众多读者，不少研究参与者甚至更青睐聊天机器人创作的诗歌。 刷阅读理解 89 1.What is the main idea of paragraph 1?( ) B A.AI is a player on the world stage. B.AI performs well in poetry writing. C.AI is so playful that it fools the readers. D.AI works well together with all humans. 解析 主旨大意题。通读第一段内容，尤其是根据“As it turns out, AI can hold its own against humans when it comes to writing poetry.”可知，第一段通过引用《科学报告》的论文，指出人工智能可以模仿莎士比亚等著名诗人的风格创作诗歌，这些诗歌甚至足以迷惑人类读者。此外，许多研究参与者更喜欢人工智能生成的诗歌而非人类创作的作品，由此可知，第一段主要介绍的是人工智能在诗歌创作方面的表现出色。 刷阅读理解 90 2.What were participants asked to do with the given poems in the experiment?( ) C A.Identify their authors. B.Discuss their meanings. C.Grade them from different aspects. D.Compare them with their own poems. 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“researchers asked a group of participants to read and rate poems on 14 qualities, ranging from rhythm to originality”可知，在实验中，参与者被要求从韵律、独创性等14个方面对给定的诗歌进行评分。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 91 3.What is a feature of AI-generated poems according to paragraph 3?( ) D A.They promote critical thinking. B.They widen readers’ views. C.They require immediate feedback. D.They are easy to understand. 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的AI-generated poems are relatively straightforward and simple to comprehend和“But modern readers don’t seem to want to do this labour, preferring text that gives them ‘instant answers’.”可知，人工智能生成的诗歌相对简单易懂。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 92 4.What’s Lasky’s attitude towards AI-generated poems?( ) B A.Doubtful. B.Welcoming. C.Passionate. D.Indifferent. 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的it’s not necessarily a bad thing that readers enjoyed the AI-generated poems和“If these people in the study read AI poems and liked those poems better than human-generated ones, then that, to me, is beautiful… I feel there is room for all poets—even robot poets.”可知，拉斯基认为读者喜欢人工智能生成的诗歌并不一定是件坏事，如果参与研究的那些人更喜欢人工智能生成的诗，那对她来说是美好的，因为他们有了好的诗歌阅读体验，而她不在乎作者是谁，而且她认为所有诗人，甚至是机器人诗人在诗歌创作方面都有一席之地。由此可推知，拉斯基对人工智能生成的诗歌持开放和欢迎的态度。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 93 知识拓展 常见的表示观点态度的形容词 （1）积极/赞同态度 positive（积极的） favourable/approving（赞同的） supportive（支持的） optimistic（乐观的） （2）消极/否定态度 negative（消极的） critical（批判的） opposed（反对的） disapproving（不赞成的） pessimistic（悲观的） （3）怀疑/不确定态度 doubtful/suspicious/sceptical（怀疑的） ambiguous（模棱两可的） unclear（不明确的） （4）中立/客观态度 objective（客观的） neutral（中立的） （5）其他 subjective（主观的） indifferent/uncaring（漠不关心的） 刷阅读理解 94 ［广东深圳2024高一期末］ Active Listening: A Key Skill for Effective Communication Active listening is a communication skill that goes beyond simply hearing words and involves fully taking part and understanding the speaker’s message. Importantly, it is a significant part of effective communication.1.___ Here are some strategies to improve your active listening skills. Give full attention to the speaker. Active listening requires being fully present in the conversation, observing the speaker’s body language and facial expressions to avoid negative responses.It also requires listening to the speaker with all your senses, including sight, sound and so on.2.___ For example, when you are chatting, put away your cellphone or stay away from a funny TV show. E G 刷7选5 95 Maintain good eye contact with the conversation partner. When taking part in active listening, making eye contact is especially important.3.___ However, if you fix your eyes on your conversation partners all the time, it will make them embarrassed, which will probably end the conversation. To avoid it, follow the 50/70 rule, which means keeping eye contact for 50% to 70% of the time spent listening, holding the contact for four to five seconds before looking away. 4.___ Active listening involves asking follow-up questions, or summarising the main points to show that we have paid attention. Additionally, reflecting on their words and offering proper responses can help create a productive dialogue. Responding should be supportive and respectful, allowing for further discussion and deeper understanding. By actively listening, we can create stronger connections, and promote trust and respect in our relationships. Remember, active listening goes beyond simply hearing.5.___ D A F 刷7选5 96 A.Respond properly to the speaker. B.Reflect on the responses of the speaker. C.It focuses on the way you answer the speaker. D.It shows that you are truly interested in what they say. E.The fact, however, is that many people often fail in active listening. F.It also involves improving communication quality and connecting with others. G.To use this technique effectively, we’d better not do other things at the same time. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了积极倾听这一与人进行有效沟通的关键技能。 刷7选5 97 1.___ E 解析 文章开篇介绍了积极倾听的总体含义，空前提到了积极倾听是有效沟通的重要组成部分；空后则引入本文主题：提高积极倾听技巧的方法。故设空处为过渡句，起到承上启下的作用。E项（然而，事实是许多人往往无法做到积极倾听）与上文形成转折，说明有许多人没有掌握这项技能，引出下文对提高该技能方法的介绍。 2.___ G 解析 由下文中的For example可知，空后举例说明在交谈的时候，应该收起手机或远离有趣的电视节目，由此可知，设空处应表示在和别人聊天时不要做别的事情。G项（为了有效地使用这项技能，我们最好不要同时做其他事情）引出下文，符合语境。 刷7选5 98 3.___ D 解析 由本段第一句可知，本段介绍的方法是与交谈对象保持良好的眼神交流。空前提到在积极倾听时，眼神交流很重要，D项（这表明你对他们说的话真的很感兴趣）承接上文，解释眼神交流重要的原因，符合语境，且选项中的it指代上文的making eye contact。 4.___ A 解析 根据文章结构可知，设空处应为本段的主旨句；再根据第二、三段的首句特点，可将答案锁定在A、B项之中。结合空后的内容可知，本段主要介绍了与他人谈话时应该作出怎样的回应。由此可知，A项（恰当地回应说话者）能概括本段主题。 刷7选5 99 方法总结 根据7选5的设空位置判断其作用 （1）设空处位于段首时，常常是此段的主题句，需要通过理解段落大意进行选择；同时可结合文本特点，确定设空处的句子结构，寻找与该结构相似的选项，缩小选择范围。如本题，各段的主旨句均为祈使句，结合选项就可以先排除其他几项，在A、B两项中作出选择。 （2）设空处在段中时，其作用常常是承上启下，需要考虑上下文的衔接与连贯。 （3）设空处在段末时，可能是对此段进行归纳和总结，需要掌握段落主旨大意；也可能是引出下一段，起承上启下的作用，需要分析下一段的内容进行判断。 刷7选5 100 5.___ F 解析 本段是对全文的总结，与文章开头相呼应，再次点题。根据空前的内容可知，本段主要讲了积极倾听有助于我们建立更为牢固的人际关系，促进相互信任和尊重。F项（它还包括提高沟通质量和与他人建立良好关系）与空前形成语义的递进，表示积极倾听不仅仅是听，还包含了更深刻的含义。 刷7选5 101 ［全国新课标Ⅰ2024］I’ve been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks’ achievements all my life. When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend . .1. . a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running . .2. ., but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was . .3. . for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run—15 miles. To be honest, I . .4. . it! Between the girl making my . .5. . seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only . .6. . I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! So I . .7. . cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I . .8. . of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I . .9. . her bike and went for a ride. The . .10. .: The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such . .11. ..That day, I got . .12. . by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as . .13. .. 刷完形填空 102 I’ve . .14. . a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever . .15. . I set for myself, they just have to be my own. 【语篇导读】作者经常被别人的成就所激励，又容易因为别人做得更好而受挫。在尝试了长跑和骑行之后，作者的想法变得成熟，终于明白了根据自己的爱好和能力来设定目标才是正确的。 刷完形填空 1.( ) A.knew B.held C.won D.quit C 解析 根据下文a marathon race和“Feeling motivated, I started running”可推知，一位朋友赢得了一场马拉松比赛,作者因此受到鼓舞。win a race为固定搭配，意为“赢得比赛”。win意为“（在比赛、赛跑、选举等中）获胜，赢”，符合语境。know意为“知道”；hold意为“举行”；quit意为“离开，停止”。 2.( ) A.regularly B.silently C.proudly D.recently A 解析 根据上文Feeling motivated并结合选项可知,作者受到激励，开始经常跑步。regularly意为“经常；有规律地”，符合语境。silently意为“安静地”；proudly意为“自豪地”；recently意为“最近”。 刷完形填空 104 3.( ) A.asking B.looking C.waiting D.training D 解析 根据设空所在句中的“a girl I met one day told me she was ____ for a ‘super,’ referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon”可知,作者有一天遇到一个正在为“超级马拉松”训练的女孩。train for意为“为……训练”，符合语境。ask for意为“请求,要求”；look for意为“寻找”；wait for意为“等待”。 4.( ) A.made B.believed C.hated D.deserved C 解析 根据上文the next day I went on my longest run—15 miles和下文“Between the girl making my ____ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging… running after me!”可推知,作者并不喜欢跑步。hate意为“讨厌”，符合语境。make it意为“获得成功”；believe意为“相信”；deserve意为“值得”。 刷完形填空 105 易错警示 本题易误选A项。若不看下文，只看“Then, the next day I went on my longest run—15 miles.To be honest, I ____ it!”，易将此处理解为“第二天我跑了自己跑过的最远距离——15英里（约24千米）。说实话，我做到了！”，从而选 made。但是根据下文可知作者并不喜欢跑步，觉得它很无聊,所以应是讨厌它，只能选C项。 刷完形填空 106 5.( ) A.advantage B.achievement C.contribution D.influence B 解析 根据上文I’ve been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks’ achievements可知，作者一直因为其他人的成就而变得有动力或失去动力。作者因为一个女孩在为“超级马拉松”训练而延长了自己跑步的距离，然而比起那个女孩的高强度训练，自己跑15英里（约24千米）的成就显得很渺小。此处为原词复现，achievement意为“成就；成绩”，符合语境。advantage意为“优势”；contribution意为“贡献”；influence意为“影响”。 6.( ) A.way B.risk C.place D.reason D 解析 根据上文可知,与那个为“超级马拉松”训练的女孩相比，作者的成绩相形见绌，而且跑步很无聊，作者讨厌跑步。根据下文可知,除非当一只大狗追着作者时,作者才会再次开始跑步，这是作者跑步的理由。reason意为“理由；原因”，符合语境。way意为“方式”；risk意为“风险”；place意为“地点”。 刷完形填空 107 方法总结 根据上下文语境体会细节 做完形填空一定要先通读全文，不确定选什么答案时，不要急于作出选择，要结合上下文语境判断细节。比如本文的第4到6题是一个完整的语境，第5题最易得出答案，将选项代入后我们可知“这个女孩让‘我’的成就看起来很渺小”，由此可判断第4题所在语境为“说实话，‘我’很讨厌它（跑步）！”，最后完成第6题：以后再次跑步的原因只有一个，那就是被狗追着。 刷完形填空 108 7.( ) A.gave up B.went on C.turned to D.dealt with C 解析 根据上文语境和空后的“I got a good bike and rode a lot.”可知作者并不喜欢跑步，所以开始骑行。turn to意为“改用；求助于”，符合语境。give up意为“放弃”；go on意为“继续”；deal with意为“处理”。 8.( ) A.heard B.dreamed C.complained D.approved B 解析 根据上文“I got a good bike and rode a lot.”及下文语境可知，此处指作者梦想着参加自行车比赛。dream of意为“梦想”，符合语境。hear of意为“听说”；complain of意为“抱怨”；approve of意为“赞同”。 9.( ) A.painted B.borrowed C.bought D.parked B 解析 根据设空处所在句“While she was at work one day, I ____ her bike and went for a ride.”可推断作者在姐姐上班时，借了她的自行车去骑车兜风。borrow意为“借”，符合语境。paint意为“在……上刷油漆”；buy意为“买”；park意为“停（车）”。 刷完形填空 109 10.( ) A.problem B.secret C.principle D.advice A 解析 根据下文The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time可知，作者在骑行过程中遇到了问题。problem意为“问题”，符合语境。secret意为“秘密”；principle意为“原则”；advice意为“建议”。 11.( ) A.dangers B.events C.opponents D.challenges D 解析 根据上文可知，穿越大山谷和一次骑行爬坡数千米对于作者而言很艰难，所以是挑战。challenge意为“挑战”，符合语境。danger意为“危险”；event意为“事件，比赛项目”；opponent意为“对手”。 12.( ) A.passed B.convinced C.admired D.stopped A 解析 根据下文who were used to such roads可知，这些“本地”骑行者已经习惯了这样的道路,故此处指作者被这些骑行者超越。pass意为“经过；越过”，符合语境。convince意为“使相信”；admire意为“赞赏”；stop意为“（使）停止”。 刷完形填空 110 13.( ) A.reliable B.convenient C.familiar D.appealing D 解析 根据作者在圣迭戈的山谷道路中艰难骑行且被适应路况的当地人超越的受挫经历可知,当作者回到家时，突然感觉骑自行车似乎就不那么吸引人了。appealing意为“有吸引力的”，符合语境。reliable意为“可靠的”；convenient意为“方便的”；familiar意为“熟悉的”。 14.( ) A.traveled B.matured C.missed D.worried B 解析 根据作者的经历及下文“I’ve come to accept that whatever____ I set for myself, they just have to be my own.”可知，自那以后作者不再轻易被他人的成就所影响，开始关注自己的想法，变得成熟许多。mature意为“（情感和认识）成熟”，符合语境。travel意为“旅行”；miss意为“错过,思念”；worry意为“担心”。 刷完形填空 111 15.( ) A.limits B.dates C.goals D.tests C 解析 根据文章首句和作者提及的两段经历可知，作者之前根据其他人的成就（other folks’ achievements）来确定自己要达成的目标，成熟之后作者不再追随他人，而且明白了不管为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是基于自身情况的。goal意为“目标”，与achievements呼应，符合语境。limit意为“极限”；date意为“日期”；test意为“考验”。 刷完形填空 112 ［山东威海2024高一期末］Carved into mountains in Yunnan Province, the Honghe Hani Rice Terraces cover more than 160 square kilometres to create a most spectacular landscape. Since ancient times, the local Hani people have channelled spring water from mountains and forests 1._________ （water） the terraced fields. Some terraces are as big as football fields, and others no larger than a bed sheet. They climb 2.______ riverbank locations at less than 500 metres above sea level to heights of more than 1,800 metres. The 3.__________ （common） used description “stairways to heaven” is most suitable here. However, the wonder remained largely unknown to the rest of the world for 4._________ （century）.Nobody paid much attention to these terraces until 5.____ 2000s. New roads arrived and the local government was determined to get the terraces 6._______ （place） on UNESCO’s World Heritage List. This 7._____________ （achieve） in 2013.Over the past decade or more, it has become impossible to keep such a wonder under wraps. Photography fans have crowded in, taking postcard-perfect pictures and then 8.________ （post） them on social media. to water from commonly centuries the placed was achieved posting 刷语法填空 113 Although the terraces shine with bright green during the summer growing season, the landscape is most 9._________ （appeal） from November to late April. During this period, the water-filled terraces turn into natural mirrors 10.__________ reflect every sunrise and sunset. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了云南省著名的农耕文明奇观——红河哈尼梯田。 appealing which/that 刷语法填空 1._________ to water 解析 句意为：自古以来，当地哈尼族人就从山峰和森林中引来泉水灌溉梯田。句中已有谓语have channelled，设空处与其之间无连词连接，应用非谓语形式，结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用不定式作目的状语。故填to water。 2.______ from 解析 句意为：它们从海拔不到500米的河岸位置向上延伸到海拔超过1,800米的地方。根据句意可知，此处为固定搭配from… to…，表示“从……到……”。故填from。 3.__________ commonly 解析 句意为：这里通常最适合用“通往天堂的阶梯”来形容。设空处修饰动词used，应用副词作状语，故填commonly。 4._________ centuries 解析 句意为：然而，几个世纪以来，这个奇观基本不为世界其他地方所知。for centuries表示“几个世纪以来”，为固定表达。故填centuries。 刷语法填空 115 5.____ the 解析 句意为：直到21世纪初，才有人开始关注这些梯田。此处表示“21世纪初”，世纪、年代前常用定冠词the。 6._______ placed 解析 句意为：新的道路得以铺设，当地政府决心使这些梯田被列入联合国教科文组织的世界遗产名录。此处为“get+宾语+宾补”结构，结合语境可知，此处表示“使梯田被列入世界遗产名录”，the terraces和place之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补。故填placed。 7._____________ was achieved 解析 句意为：这一目标在2013年实现。设空处在句中作谓语，主语This指代上文提到的“当地政府决心使梯田被列入世界遗产名录”这件事，和achieve之间为被动关系，再由in 2013可知，此处应用一般过去时，主语This为单数概念，谓语也用单数形式。故填was achieved。 刷语法填空 116 8.________ posting 解析 句意为：摄影迷们蜂拥而至，拍下明信片般的完美照片，然后将它们发布在社交媒体上。句中的谓语为have crowded in，设空处与taking并列，应用现在分词作状语。 9._________ appealing 解析 句意为：尽管梯田在夏季生长季节闪耀着明亮的绿色，但11月至4月下旬的景观最具吸引力。设空处在句中作is的表语，且其前有most修饰，再结合句意可知，此处表示“吸引人的”，应填形容词。故填appealing。 10.__________ which/that 解析 句意为：在这一时期，充满水的梯田会变成天然的镜子，映出每一次日出和日落。设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为natural mirrors，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词which或that引导该从句。 刷语法填空 117 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Waking up, I looked at the overcast sky, thought a bit and then decided to go to work after all. This was two years ago, when I worked at a bank. As I travelled from my house, the rain kept advancing. I reached the office quite smoothly, but a few hours later, our phones started buzzing with news of flooding in various parts of the city. Looking out of the window, my colleagues and I found that the steady drizzle （毛毛雨） had grown into a downpour. We got a bit nervous, since none of us in the city have forgotten its worst floods a decade ago. At about 12:30 pm, after an alert from the city government, the bank let the staff leave early. Some colleagues, who had already left, called to say that they were stranded （被滞留的）.The train services had been stalled （停止运转） and there were no other means of transport available either. A senior colleague, who happened to live in the same district, offered me a lift in his car. I agreed happily, and so did other colleagues, since it would have been risky to walk into the driving rain. 刷读后续写 118 The rain poured down continuously, with waist-high water soon on the road. In the midway, the rainwater reached our car’s engine. We had no option but to park nearby. The first dry place we found was under a giant tree. We also spotted a tea stall nearby and got ourselves some much-needed tea and refreshments. All along, I got phone calls from my wife and parents, who were tracking the flood situation on TV and anxious for me. We looked up weather updates on our mobile phones and got more and more tense—home seemed far away. If it had not been for my portable （便携的） power bank, all our phones would have been dead. Our train of thought was suddenly interrupted by a raised voice. We looked around and found a lady calling out from the balcony of a building behind us, “Please come in and make yourselves comfortable. How long will you stand out there?” She shouted out. We thanked her, but continued to wait. 刷读后续写 119 注意：续写词数应为150个左右。 After half an hour or so, I felt a touch on my shoulder._____________________________________________________________________________ We didn’t want further favours, but the family seemed to sense our must to spend the night.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 刷读后续写 120 【写作提示】 1.材料导读 材料大意 两年前的一个雨天，作者去上班，到达办公室几小时后，毛毛细雨变成倾盆大雨。雨势凶猛，公司要求职员回家。但列车停运了，作者乘同事的车返回。返回路上，齐腰的水没过汽车的发动机，作者和同事不得不把车停在附近。他们有幸找到一个干燥的地方。这时身后一栋楼的阳台上有一位女士让作者和同事进自己家休息。 主要角色 作者、作者的同事、善良的女士 需要解决的问题 雨一直在下，路面上积水太深导致汽车无法继续行驶，作者和同事无法回家。 刷读后续写 121 2.续写分析 续写第一段（提示句：大约过了半个小时，我感到有人碰了一下我的肩膀。） 根据第一段首句内容可知，本段可描述拍作者肩膀的正是刚刚那位女士，她说服作者和同事去自己家，作者一行人去那位女士家并受到了款待，与此同时作者一行人也保证等洪水退去他们就离开。 续写第二段（提示句：我们不想再得到更多帮助了，但这家人似乎感觉到了我们需要在这里过夜。） 根据第二段首句内容可知，本段可描述作者和同事最终留下过夜，这家人的行为令他们感动万分。他们按承诺在洪水退去时安静离开，并留下了感谢的话语。 刷读后续写 122 情节线索 作者接到通知离开公司——同事让作者搭便车——车被洪水困住无法行驶——被善良女士邀请到家里——受到款待并留宿——洪水退去后离开 情感线索 作者：焦虑与担忧——得到帮助后的欣喜——感动与感激 续表 刷读后续写 123 【参考范文】 After half an hour or so, I felt a touch on my shoulder.The lady from the balcony came with her brother.They persuaded us to follow them.We were pleased to meet the family.We were offered tea and the use of their washroom.Grateful for everything, we assured them that we would leave as soon as the water went down.However, the family insisted that we have dinner that was being cooked for us. We didn’t want further favours, but the family seemed to sense our must to spend the night.Despite our hesitation, they brought carpets and mats, spread them out and asked us to make ourselves comfortable.We were simply touched by their kindness.At about 4 am,the floodwaters finally started to go down.Extremely relieved at this,we started heading out.Not wanting to disturb our sleeping hosts,we quietly slipped a thank-you note under their door and left. 刷读后续写 124 核心词汇 1.significant adj.重要的；显著的 2.present adj.存在的；在场的 3.response n.反应；响应 4.reflect on 仔细思考；深思 5.proper adj.合适的；恰当的 6.allow for 考虑到，顾及 刷读后续写 125 进阶词汇 1.imitate vt.模仿；仿效 2.uncover vt.发现；揭露 3.relatively adv.相对地 熟词生义 fool 熟义：n.蠢人 生义：vt.欺骗，愚弄 刷读后续写 126 $$