Unit 3 知识点汇总 2025-2026学年译林版（2024）八年级英语上册

八年级上册英语U3知识点清单(译林版) Welcome: ①The joy of learning is as important in study as breathing is in running.(p34) the joy of…的乐趣 breathe v.呼吸 breath n.呼吸 take a breath as……as 和……一样 ②Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day ,teach a man to fish and you feed him for a lifetime.(p35)授人以鱼,不如授人以渔 feed v.喂养 feed - fed - fed ③A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.(p35) 千里之行,始于足下 journey n. 旅程 journey/trip/travel/tour辨析 单词 意义差别 强调事物 ①journey 由A到B的单程旅行 过程 ②trip 短途或有目的的旅行 目的 ③travel 旅行的行为或总称 本身 ④tour 计划性游览行程 过程 begin with开始于 ④ Studying is like rowing boat against moving water if you don't move forward you will fall behind.(p35) 学习如逆水行舟不进则退 like prep. 像 fall behind落后 ⑤ What do you think is important for successful learning,Daniel?(p35) success-successful succeed v.成功 succeed in doing sth.(详见⑦) ⑥For me, one thing is to have strong drive to learn. drive:1. n. 冲劲 2. v. 驾车 ⑦ It'Il help us manage our time well. manage to do sth. = succeed in doing sth.= be successful in doing sth. = do sth. successfully ⑧I couldn't agree more.我不能同意的更多(即:我十分同意) 拓展:Just do it! 尽管去做! Reading: 1. A writer, scientist,inventor and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. inventor n. 发明家 invent-inventor-invented Founding Fathers 开国元勋 found vt. 创建 found-founded-founded found sth. (注:found也是find的过去式) 2. Benjamin Franklin was a man of many talents and one of the most famous people of the 18th century. talents n. 天赋(≈gift)have talents/gifts for the+序数词+century one of +the +最高级 3. Franklin's great love of learning set him apart from many others. set sb apart 使某人突出 4. While working ……Franklin taught himself by reading a lot. while+V-ing(常用于进行时)当主从主语一致时可省略主语和be动词 teach-taught teach oneself 自学 5. He often borrowed books from booksellers and stayed up very late in order to return them early the next day. stay up 熬夜 拓展:stay on 继续 stay out 待在外面 stay away 远离 stay behind 留在原地 in order to 为了…… return v. 返回 return-returnable 可归还的 6. What's more, Franklin had a great love for science, so his countless invention came as no surprise…… what's more=in addition=moreover 而且,此外 come-came came as no surprise不足为奇 7. Then he found out that storms moved from one place to another. found out 查明;弄清楚 辨析another,other,the other,others 单词 含义 用法 例句 another 另一个(三者及以上)≥3 修饰可数名词单数,表示“另一个”(泛指) I need another pen. 我需要另一支笔。(在≥3中再需要) other 其他的(其他范围任何中) 修饰可数名词单数或复数(泛指) I need other pens. 我需要其他的笔。(在其他任何范围) the other 另一个(两者中的) 修饰单数或复数名词(特指两者中的另一者) I need the other pen. 我需要另外一支笔。(指除了这一只笔本身后的另外一者) others 其他的(事物) 不加名词,指“其他的人或物” =other+名词复数 I need others.我需要其他的(事物) 8. As a lifelong learner, he saw learning as an exciting and endless journey, full of wonder and success.This is his greatest gift to the world. lifelong adj. 终身的 endless adj. 无穷无尽的 great-greatness n. 伟大 9. It can translate your mother language into over 20 languages(p39) translate sth into sth. 把sth.翻译成sth. mother language 母语 Grammar: 一、构成规则 (与形容词比较级/最高级规则相似) 单音节副词和部分双音节副词: 比较级:词尾+er 最高级:词尾+-est 如fast -faster-fastest 以“e ”结尾,直接+r/st 如 late-later-latest 以“辅音字母 + y” 结尾,early-earlier-earliest 以重读闭音节的单音节副词(一个元音字母+一个辅音字母结尾),双写词尾辅音字母,再+ er/-est,如hard-harder-hardest 2..大多数双音节副词和所有三个或以上音节的副词: 比较级前+more 最高级前+the most 注:若副词由形容词+ly变来,必在前+more/the most 如:difficult-more difficult-the most difficult 3.不规则变化(单独记忆) p 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 well-better-best badly-worse-worst much-more-most little-less-least far-farther/further-farthest/furthest 副词最高级前“the”可以省略(如:He runs fastest.),但强调“最”时保留(如:She sings the most beautifully) 原级:1 无比较 比较级:2 有比较 最高级:≥3 有比较 重点句型: 1.the+比较级,the+比较级,表示越……,越…… 如:The more you practice, the better you will speak. 你练习得越多,说得就越好 2.比较级+and+比较级,表示越来越…… 如:The wind is blowing harder and harder. 风刮得越来越大 2、 反身代词 定义:表示动作的执行者和承受者是同一事物 人称 单数 复数 第一人称 myself ourselves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 himself herself itself themselves 反身代词的用法: 1. 作宾语——反射作用(主语作的动作作用在宾语身上,主语宾语同一个人) 例如:He killed himself.作同位语——强调作用(主语和同位语同一个人)例如:The world itself is changing all the time. 2. 作表语——强调作用 例如: The little girl in the mirror was herself. 3. 做同位语——强调作用 例如:You should do it yourself. 拓展:反身代词常用的固定搭配 by oneself 独自 in oneself 本身;本质上 for oneself 为自己 enjoy oneself 玩得愉快 dress oneself 打扮自己 teach oneself自学 seat oneself 就坐 lose oneself in 沉浸在 talk to oneself 自言自语 express oneself 自我表达 注意:避免错误用法 1.反身代词不能作主语,比如不能说“Myself did it.”,正确表达是“I did it myself.”(我自己做的)。 2.主语和宾语不是同一人时,不用反身代词,比如“He helped me.”(他帮了我),不能说“He helped myself.” Word power: 1. er和or:表动作执行者 er:动词结尾是 t/c 时常用(例如 teach teacher, catch catcher)。 or:动词结尾是 t/d 时常用(例如 act actor, visit visitor) (注:无绝对规则) 2. -ist:专业/兴趣相关 例如:art artist(艺术家) chem(化学) chemist(化学家) piano pianist(钢琴家) Integration: 1. Zhao thought it was important to spend as much time as possible reading, speaking and listening to the language. think-thought think+句子 as (much time) as possible尽可能(多的时间) spend sb sometime(in)doing sth 2. He would talk with the locals. 本句句子是过去将来时 would+动词原形 would 表示过去的习惯或意愿 3. Zhao always carried a pen and paper with him to write down useful sentences. carry-carried carry… with… 携带…… 4. Zhao believed that it was best to focus on learning sentences rather than single words. believe vi.相信believe sb/sth believe+句子 focus on 注意于(+doing) rather than而不是 would rather do宁愿做 would rather do A than do B 宁愿做A而不B 5. try to focus on the main idea of a talk or speech. the main idea of ……的主要意思 speech n. 演讲 speech-speeches 6. Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧 7. To my surprise, they could not understand my English. to one's surprise 令某人惊讶的是 基础练习: 一、单项选择 (共10小题) 1. Ben is really _excellent runner, and he came_first in the 100-metre race at the school sports meeting. A.a;the B.an;/ C.the;the D. an;a 2. ——How do you improve yourself,Jack? ——Well,_you try,_your will be. A.the less;the better B. the more;the worse C. the more;the better D. the less; the worse 3. There are many interesting books on the shelf. I've read three of them. This one is good, but I think _ might be even better. Let me take _ and start reading. A. another; the other B. others; another C. the other; other D. another; others 4. Yesterday she told me she would rather _ for the exam alone than _ help from others. A. preparing; accepting B. prepare; to accept C. prepare; accept D. to prepare; accept 5. —— Do you know Zhang Guimei? ——Yes.She_ the first free high school for girls in mountain areas. A.found B.find C. founded D.finded 6. Some students usually stay up late to prepare for the coming match_get good results in the match. A.so that B.such that C.in order to D. in order that 7. ——Tom,you seem to enjoy reading every day ——Yes,Reading can open my mind._,the more I read ,the more I want to know. A.Instead B.Besides C.Later D.However 8. ——Mike doesn't pass the exam. How does he feel? ——_ my surprise,he isn't surprised _the result. A.On;with B.At;to C.To;at D.With;in 9. The number of the giant pandas is becoming _because there is _living space for them A. fewer and fewer; less and less B. fewer and fewer; smaller and smaller C. smaller and smaller; fewer and fewer D. smaller and smaller; less and lesss 10. —— I can't decide which way to solve this math problem. It is so hard. —— Relax._. There must be other ways to work it out. A. A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. B. All roads lead to Rome. C. Practice makes perfect. D. No pain, no gain. 二、词汇运用 (共10小题) 1. Life is like a _(旅途),we need challenges and bravery. 2. Though I moved to the city, I still smile when hearing my hometown _(方言) in videos. 3. The _(游客) smiled and took photos as we sang traditional songs in the town square. 4. To imporve our teamwork,we need to discuss this project _(far) and share more creative ideas. 5. In the free time, students can take online English courses to learn more by _(they). 6. He finally succeeded in _(repair) his broken bike yesterday. 7. Jenny listens to upbeat music while _(jog) in the park, which keeps her energetic. 8. Kim enjoys learning _(Italy) because she dreams of visiting Rome one day. 9. The teacher asked us to write five creative s_ using the new words. 10. Our science teacher r_ the rules three times until every student understood. 三、句子翻译(共5小题) 1. 你想要培养自己对英语的兴趣吗? Would you like to _ Eghlish? 2. 学习新事物对他来说似乎很容易。 _ for him. 3. 这位外国学生给了我一些关于如何学习英语的方法。 The foreign student _. 4. 令他们惊讶的是,她自学考上了大学。 _,she _ to be admitted to college. 5. 为了提高我们的英语,我们应该尽可能大声地读。 To imporove our Eghlish,we_. $$