Unit 3 Section Ⅵ “Extended reading”的新知学习环节（Word教参）-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册（译林版）

Section Ⅵ　“Extended reading”的新知学习环节 一、阅读单词——知其义 1．work very well indeed　 确实很管用 2．through conversations with well-meaning 通过善意的交谈 3．a more thorough understanding of our problems 对自身的问题有更透彻的认识 二、重点单词——写其形 1．seek to be alone　　　　　　 追求独处 2. 3．treasure these moments of closeness 　　　　　　　　　　　　 珍视这些亲密的时光 4. 三、活用单词——悉其变 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 四、拓展构词——明其规(依据规律串记单词) 1．joyful：n.＋-ful→adj.　 ①peace→peaceful　　　　 和平的 ②color→colorful 多姿多彩的 ③success→successful 成功的 ④meaning→meaningful 有意义的，意味深长的 2．failure：v.＋-ure→n.　 ①press→pressure　　　　 压力 ②mix→mixture 混合；混合物 ③depart→departure 离开；出发 五、高级词块——通其用 1．more often than not　 通常；常常 2．smooth out 消除(问题)，克服(困难) 3．be meant to do sth. 注定要做某事，应做某事 4．generally speaking 总的来说 5．take on 呈现，具有 6．result from 起因于 7．in full measure 最大程度地，最大限度地 8．depend on 依靠，依赖 9．as a result 因此 10．on the other hand 另一方面 11．point out 指出 1．As we walk the “path of life”， we may sometimes wish to be alone with our own thoughts， for quiet periods of reflection can lead to personal improvement. 走在人生的道路上，有时我们可能希望独自思考，因为静思可以实现自我的完善。 ★reflection n．沉思；反射；映像；反映 |用|法|感|知| •On reflection， we decided to change our plan. 经再三考虑，我们决定改变计划。 •(“背景描写”佳句)The windows reflected the bright afternoon sunlight. 窗户反射着午后明媚的阳光。 •The start of a new year is a good time to reflect on the many mistakes of the past year. 新年伊始是反思过去一年诸多错误的好时机。 [归纳点拨] (1)on/upon reflection　　 经再三考虑 (2)reflect vt. 反射(声、光、热等)；反映；映出(影像) vi. 仔细思考，深思 reflect on/upon 认真思考 be reflected in 倒映在；反映在 (3)reflective adj. 沉思的；深思的；反光的；典型的 [语境串记] I need a quiet place to reflect what to major in when entering college. So I found a lake deep inside a country park. A hill was reflected in the water and the scene was beautiful. I reflected on my future sitting on the bank. On reflection， I made the final decision. 我需要一个安静的地方思考上大学时应该选择什么专业。我在一个乡村公园的深处找到了一个湖，一座小山倒映在水中，景色宜人。我坐在岸边思考自己的未来。经过再三考虑，我做出了最终决定。 |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空 ①Usually a child's behaviour is a reflection (reflect) of his family relationship and growth environment. ②On dark nights， children should wear reflective (reflect) clothes. ③It seems beautiful that the tall buildings are reflected (reflect) in the lake around which there are many trees. (2)完成句子 ④You must reflect on your plans for the future. 你必须认真思考将来的计划。 ⑤At first I thought it was a bad idea， but on reflection I realized she was right. 最初我认为那是个坏主意，但经过再三考虑，我意识到她是对的。 2．However， when we seek to be alone， we must be careful that we do not always escape into our own world. 不过，在追求独处时，须小心，我们不能总是逃入自我的世界中。 ★seek vi.试图；寻找；争取vt.寻求；寻找 |用|法|感|知| •(“动作描写”佳句)The two boys escaped from the burning house and hurried to seek help from the neighbors. 这两个孩子从着火的房子里逃了出来，急忙去向邻居寻求帮助。 •We are all seeking after happiness while few of us know what happiness is. 我们都在寻求幸福，但我们当中很少有人知道幸福是什么。 •We seek to find a way to make us get along well with the people around us. 我们寻求一种方法使我们与周围的人和睦相处。 [归纳点拨] seek (for) sth.　　　　　　 寻找/追求某物 seek after 追求；寻求 seek out 找出；找到 seek to do sth. 设法做某事 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①I sought to persuade (persuade) him， but in vain. ②All men have the right to seek after/for happiness. ③I am busy doing homework， playing sports， making friends， and seeking after my dreams. 我忙于做作业、做运动、交朋友和追寻梦想。 ④Through role-play， children can seek out regularities and rules in acquiring language. 通过角色扮演，孩子们可以找到学习语言的规律和规则。 ★escape vi.& vt.逃脱，躲避；逃跑；避开，避免；被遗忘n.逃离，逃脱 |用|法|感|知| (写出下列各句中escape的词性及含义) ①The little bird was lucky enough to escape being caught. vt.逃脱 ②(“动作描写”佳句)At last the tourists managed to escape from the dangerous place. vi.逃跑 ③(“心理描写”佳句)I've met her before， but her name escaped me， which made me embarrassed. vt.被遗忘 ④She was lucky to have a narrow escape. n.逃脱 归纳点拨 (1)escape from ...　　 从……逃跑 escape (doing) sth. 逃避(做)某事 (2)sth. escape(s) sb. 某物被某人遗忘；未被注意 (3)a narrow escape 九死一生；死里逃生 名师指津 escape意为“被忘掉，被忽视”时，主语通常是物，且不用于被动语态。 |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空 ⑤The driver managed to escape from the vehicle and shouted for help. ⑥The naughty student managed to escape punishment/being punished (punish)． (2)完成句子 ⑦They had a narrow escape when a car crashed into their car. 当一辆车撞上他们的车时，他们死里逃生。 ⑧Yesterday， I came across my former classmate， but his name escaped me. 昨天，我碰见了我以前的同学，但是我记不起来他的名字了。 3．As we live in social groups， there are many benefits of friendship that we can enjoy. 因为我们置身于社会群体中，我们可以享受到友谊的诸多益处。 ★benefit n．优势，益处，成效 vt.使受益vi.得益于 |用|法|感|知| •(“网络科技”主题佳句)One of the greatest benefits of the Internet was its ability to remove the distance that usually exists between people. 互联网的最大好处之一就是能够消除通常存在于人和人之间的距离感。 •(“体育锻炼”主题佳句)Doing morning exercises benefits our health， that's to say， we can benefit from it. 做早操对我们的健康有益，也就是说我们能从中受益。 •Although a sudden change can be a bad thing， it might be beneficial in the long run. 尽管突然的改变可能是一件坏事，但从长远来看，它可能是有益的。 [归纳点拨] (1)be of (great) benefit to　 对……(大)有裨益 for the benefit of 为了……的利益 to one's benefit 对某人有利 (2)benefit from 得益于 (3)beneficial adj. 有益的，有利的 be beneficial to 对……有益/有利 |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空 ①A large number of students will benefit from the new teaching method. ②Cooperation means working together for the benefit of all. (2)一句多译 低碳的生活方式有益于改善世界环境。 ③The low-carbon lifestyle is beneficial to improving the world environment. ④The low-carbon lifestyle is of benefit to improving the world environment. 4．The first fruit of friendship is the peace that comes from sharing with friends our joy， sadness， success and failure. 友谊的第一个硕果来自和友人分享我们喜悲成败所带来的平和心境。 ★failure n．失败；失败的人(或事)；未履行；故障 |用|法|感|知| •(“鼓励”类写作佳句)Don't be discouraged by the first failure — try again! 不要因第一次失败就灰心丧气——再试一次！ •(“劝告”类写作佳句)Don't play all the time， or you will fail in the examination. 不要一直玩，否则你会无法通过考试。 •She failed to gain admission to the university of her choice. 她没有被自己选择的大学录取。 [归纳点拨] fail v．　　　　　　　　　 失败；未能做到 fail in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事方面不成功 fail to do sth. 没能做成某事 [名师指津] failure作“失败”讲时是不可数名词，表示抽象意义；作“失败者；失败的事”讲时是可数名词，表示具体意义。这种用法被称为“抽象名词的具体化”。类似用法的词有： 单词 不可数 可数 success 成功 成功的人/事 danger 危险 危险的人/因素 surprise 吃惊 意想不到的事 beauty 美丽 美人 pleasure 快乐 快乐的事/人 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空) ①However， this idea ignores an actual fact that life consists of both success and failure (fail)． ②Because of carelessness， he failed to pass (pass) the driving test. ③He failed in being admitted (admit) to a university. 5．Here， friendship has a double advantage — happiness takes on a greater meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble halved! 在此，友谊有双重优势——幸福有了更大的意义，而麻烦在分担之后减半！ ★take on呈现，具有 |用|法|感|知| •With the development of science and technology， my hometown has taken on a new look. 随着科技的发展，我家乡的面貌焕然一新。 •These books must not be taken away from the library.这些书不能从图书馆带走。 •(“动作描写”典句)Gazing up into his eyes， the little dog seemed to take in all he said. 小狗抬起头注视着他的眼睛，好像听懂了他说的一切。 [归纳点拨] take away　　　　　　 拿走；消除 take down 写下，记下；拆卸 take over 接管 take up 从事；占据；继续 take off 脱下；起飞；成功 take in 吸收；欺骗 |应|用|融|会| (用适当的介、副词填空) ①Meetings and phone calls take up a large part of the day. ②The accident happened as the jet was about to take off. ③Our club plans to take in 20 new members. ④Can you take over my job while I am away on holiday？ ⑤The house where I grew up has been taken down and replaced by an office building. 6．We often find it easier to recognize other people's weaknesses than our own. 我们经常发现，认清别人的缺点远比认清我们自身的缺点要容易。 ★recognize vt.承认，意识到；认出，辨别出 |用|法|感|知| •(写作增分句)Don't wait for a smile to be nice， and don't wait to be lonely to recognize the value of a friend. 不要等到别人对你微笑你才对人友善，不要等到寂寞时才明白朋友的价值。 •It is recognized that traffic jam has become a serious problem to citizens. 人们认识到，交通堵塞已成为市民面临的一个严重问题。 •(“人物介绍”佳句)He is recognized as the representative figure in this field. 他被公认为是这一领域的代表人物。 [归纳点拨] (1)recognize sb./one's voice 认出某人/听出某人的声音 recognize sb./sth. as/to be　 承认……是…… recognize that ... 承认…… It is recognized that ... 人们认识到…… (2)recognition n. 认出；认识 beyond recognition 无法辨认 |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空 ①He is recognized to be (be) one of the greatest scientists. ②I went back to my hometown after 20 years， only to find the city had changed beyond recognition (recognize)． (2)句式升级 ③People recognize that air pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face. →Air pollution is recognized to have become one of the most serious problems that people face.(被动句) →It is recognized that air pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face.(主语从句) 7．Finally， it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends. 最后，需要指出的是，与众人为伍不等于有朋友相伴。 ★company n．陪伴，作伴；公司 |用|法|感|知| •My grandma came to keep me company while my parents were out. 奶奶在我父母外出时过来陪我。 •(“背景描写”典句)There was strong wind accompanied by heavy rain that night. 那天晚上狂风伴随着大雨。 •It would be a great idea if you travelled in the company of someone who is familiar with these regions. 如果你在熟悉这些地区的人的陪伴下旅行，那将是一个好主意。 [归纳点拨] (1)keep sb. company　　　　　 陪伴某人 in the company of 在……的陪伴下 (2)accompany vt. 伴随，陪同；为……伴奏 accompany sb.to someplace 陪伴某人去某地 accompany sb.at/on sth. 用……为某人伴奏 be accompanied by/with 伴随着……；由……陪同 |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空 ①I don't think it's necessary for parents to accompany their children to college. ②While she danced on the stage， her mother accompanied her on/at the piano. ③Children， when accompanied (accompany) by their parents， are allowed to enter the stadium. (2)一句多译 我生病时，我的朋友过来陪我去医院。 ④My friend came to accompany me to hospital when I was ill. (accompany) ⑤My friend came to keep me company to hospital when I was ill. (company) 1．More often than not， close friendships will help smooth out the sometimes rocky road that we are all meant to travel. 通常，亲密的友情能助我们踏平时而坎坷却又注定要经过的道路。 巩固已学语法——that引导的定语从句 句中that引导定语从句，指代先行词the sometimes rocky road，指物，且在从句中作宾语，此时that可以省略，也可以替换为which。常见的关系代词还有which (指物，作主语、宾语)，who (指人，作主语、宾语)，whom (指人，作宾语)，whose (指人或物，作定语)。 [应用融会]　(用适当的关系词填空) ①When facing hardships， only those who are confident will achieve success. ②To the Egyptians， green is a color which/that represents the hope and joy of spring. ③The teacher is a good teacher because she always tries her best to be the one whose classes are more active and lively with some stories and examples. ④This woman has set a good example to her son， who is a really lucky guy. 2．We often find it easier to recognize other people's weaknesses than our own. 我们经常发现，认清别人的缺点远比认清我们自身的缺点要容易。 在find it easier to recognize ...中，it作形式宾语，不定式短语to recognize other people's weaknesses作真正的宾语，形容词比较级easier作宾语补足语。 (1)常用于以上结构的动词还有：think， feel， make， consider等； (2)宾语补足语可以是形容词、名词； (3)真正的宾语可以是不定式、动名词或从句。 •I consider it no use advising him to quit smoking. 我认为劝说他戒烟是没有用的。 •We all think it our duty that we should study hard. 我们都认为努力学习是我们的责任。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构(用it作形式宾语) ①I've found it is interesting to talk with foreigners in English. →I've found it interesting to talk with foreigners in English. ②Thanks to my car， it is possible for me to get to my office on time. →My car makes it possible for me to get to my office on time. (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ③我们认为有必要邀请史密斯教授在会议上讲话。 We think it necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting. ④手机和电脑的广泛使用使我们交流起来很方便。 The wide use of mobile phones and computers makes it convenient for us to communicate. 课文缩写语法填空 根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There are many ①benefits (benefit) of friendship that we can enjoy. ②Generally (general) speaking， close friendships have three “fruits”： the peace that comes from ③sharing (share) with friends our joy， sadness， success and ④failure (fail)， the better understanding and ⑤judgement (judge) that may be achieved through conversations with well-meaning and wise friends and the help that a friend may offer ⑥in many different ways. Through friendship， we can become ⑦happier (happy)， wiser and more satisfied humans. Finally， it should be pointed ⑧out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same ⑨as being with friends. Friends should be carefully chosen and relationships carefully ⑩developed (develop)． [课时检测] 第Ⅰ卷　语言基础训练 (一)单词拼写(5分) (1)I want to seek (寻找) a job as an English editor after graduation. (2)To their relief， their students narrowly escaped (逃脱) from the shaking building. (3)Every moment (时刻) of every day， energy is being transformed from one form into another. (4)When she heard the news that her son won the game， she burst with joy (高兴)． (5)The tension soon transmitted itself to all the members of the crowd (人群)． (二)单句语法填空(10分) (6)The reflection (reflect) from the street lamps gave them just enough light. (7)When you smile， people will feel more comfortable (comfort) and want to talk to you. (8)I think riding bikes is beneficial(benefit) to people's health. (9)The success or failure (fail) of the plan depends on you. (10)You had better review your notes thoroughly (thorough) before a test. (三)完成句子(8分) (11)I am sure everyone will benefit a lot from this activity.(benefit) 我确信大家都会从这个活动中获益良多。 (12)He is recognized to be/as a hard-working and honest person.(recognize) 人们认为他是一个勤奋并且诚实的人。 (13)You'll find it quite helpful to do what you are interested in.(find) 你会发现做你感兴趣的事情很有帮助。 (14)I feel at ease in the company of my good friends.(company) 在好朋友们的陪伴下，我感到很放松。 第Ⅱ卷　语篇综合训练 (一)阅读理解 Have you ever argued with a friend， and said or done something you regretted？ Sometimes it can be hard to put things right， especially when feelings have been hurt.Knowing how to apologise can help you become friends again and to understand why you fell out in the first place. We argue for all kinds of reasons.You might think your football team is fantastic but your friend disagrees; or maybe your sister is being really annoying.Sometimes， especially if you're angry， things can spiral out of control and you'll say or do something you regret.Arguing and disagreeing with others occasionally is normal — we all do it — but it's important to resolve your differences afterwards so bad feelings don't get worse.This is where an apology can help. We all make mistakes， and apologising is a way of admitting we've got something wrong and will try not to do it again.Dr Jennifer Thomas， a psychologist and author， believes an apology needs to show the other person that we're genuinely (真诚地) sorry， we accept responsibility for our actions and we want their forgiveness. Sometimes another person may pressure you into taking the blame when it's not your fault.If you feel this is happening， try talking about why you argued in the first place and explain how it made you feel.If you still can't agree， you could ask a parent or teacher to help you resolve the problem. Sorry on its own might not always be enough， so try to ask the other person how they felt while you were arguing.Explain your side too， and make it clear you'll try not to repeat the same mistake again.A genuine apology isn't a magic wand (魔杖); it may take some time for someone to understand and forgive.Even after you've said sorry， you could still feel bad but you can feel good about trying to fix things and promising yourself to do better next time. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了道歉的重要性以及可以采取的道歉方式。 1．Why is it important to resolve differences after an argument？ A．To ensure that bad feelings worsen over time. B．To maintain relationship and prevent damage. C．To avoid taking responsibility for one's action. D．To establish leading power over one's friends. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句和第二段最后一句可知，在争吵后解决分歧很重要，这有助于维持关系，防止进一步伤害。 2．What does the underlined word “spiral” in paragraph 2 mean？ A．Stop.　　　　　　 B．Decrease. C．Increase. D．Win. 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Sometimes， especially if you're angry”以及下文“you'll say or do something you regret”可知，有时候，特别是当你生气的时候，事情可能会加速失控，你会说或做一些让你后悔的事情。故画线词意思是“增加，加速”。 3．Which of the following situation can happen after a genuine apology？ A．Both parties will forget the argument. B．Forgiveness could take quite a while. C．The person apologizing can calm down. D．Relationships will improve immediately. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“A genuine apology isn't a magic wand; it may take some time for someone to understand and forgive.”可知，真诚的道歉后，可能仍需要一段时间才能得到谅解。 4．Which can be a suitable title for the text？ A．The Power of Apologies B．The Causes of Arguments C．The Significance of Forgiveness D．The Benefits of Communication 解析：选A　标题归纳题。根据第三段并结合全文可知，文章主要说明了在争吵后解决分歧很重要，并解释了原因，分析了其重要性，由此可知，A项“道歉的力量”适合作文章标题。 (二)完形填空 Susannah was a shy but clever girl.She had worn 5 for as long as she could remember.And again， for as long as she could remember，some of her classmates had always made fun of her. The worst thing was that Lewis 6 her “Four Eyes”．She acted like she didn't 7 ， but in fact Susannah couldn't stand it. One day， the class went on a school outing to 8 some famous caves.The children were walking towards the caves， while Lewis 9 .While falling， he got 10 of Susannah， who walked next to him， and both 11 down the hole. They landed in a dark cave.Susannah and Lewis shouted for 12 ， but no one came.The next morning they still hadn't been found and Lewis continued shouting for help， but no 13 and he started feeling 14 . It must have been noontime， because Susannah 15 that the ray of light just landed on the floor in front of her. 16 ， she took a piece of wood that had fallen into the cave， and， using her glasses as a magnifying (放大) glass， she focused the ray of light onto the 17 .Now they had a torch (火把)．Lewis watched with surprise and 18 and off they went to explore the cave. It took them some time， and they had to burn quite a few torches， but finally they found a way out.On top of hugs and cries of 19 ， Lewis gave Susannah his heartfelt thanks. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了外出郊游时的一次意外，而这次事件却加深了同学情谊。 5．A.glasses　　　　　　 B．necklaces C．earrings D．watches 解析：选A　根据空后的“Four Eyes”及下文的“using her glasses”可知答案。 6．A.teased B．laughed C．warned D．called 解析：选D　根据空后的“her ‘Four Eyes’”可知，Lewis 叫她“四眼”。call sb....“叫某人为……，称呼某人……”。 7．A.understand B．mind C．object D．offend 解析：选B　根据空后的“in fact Susannah couldn't stand it”可知，Susannah表现得不介意。mind“介意”。 8．A.approach B．enter C．visit D．attend 解析：选C　班级去参观(visit)一些有名的洞穴。 9．A.wandered B．waved C．smiled D．slipped 解析：选D　根据下文的“While falling”可知，Lewis失足摔倒了。 10．A.hold B．touch C．support D．place 解析：选A　摔倒之时，Lewis抓住(hold)了旁边的Susannah，两人同时摔进了洞中。 11．A.walked B．moved C．fell D．flew 解析：选C　根据句意可知，两人同时摔(fell)进了洞里。 12．A.praise B．water C．food D．help 解析：选D　两人大声喊救命(help)。 13．A.feedback B．response C．reaction D．effect 解析：选B　根据空前的“but”可知，此处指没有回应(response)。 14．A.scared B．shocked C．disturbed D．annoyed 解析：选A　孤立无援，求救无门，Lewis应该是感到害怕(scared)。 15．A.doubted B．concluded C．recognized D．noticed 解析：选D　Susannah注意到(noticed)一束光照在她面前的地上。 16．A.Slowly B．Quickly C．Unexpectedly D．Obviously 解析：选B　首句提到Susannah是个聪明的孩子，此处指她快速行动起来。quickly“迅速地”。 17．A.glass B．torch C．wood D．floor 解析：选C　根据上文的“she took a piece of wood”可知，她用眼镜聚焦点燃木材。 18．A.sorrow B．trouble C．excitement D．curiosity 解析：选C　Lewis发现能够得救了，又惊又喜(excitement)。 19．A.loss B．relief C．justice D．fear 解析：选B　这时的哭是因为获救了，他们应该是松了一口气(relief)。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$