Unit 6 Section Ⅳ “Developing ideas”的课文习读环节（Word教参）-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册（外研版）

Section Ⅳ　“Developing ideas”的课文习读环节 泛读课文，完成以下学习任务 (一)理清文脉结构 (二)把握主旨大意 What's the main idea of the text? A．History of gardening. B．Skills of gardening. C．Benefits of gardening. D．Brits' love of gardening. 答案：D 精读课文，完成以下学习任务 (一)阅读理解 1．What does “green fingers” mean in the first paragraph? A．The fingers painted with green color. B．The poor skills of gardening. C．The fingers cut by green knife. D．The super skills of gardening. 答案：D 2．What do we know about the love of gardening in Britain? A．Children like to see the tallest flowers. B．Only experts can enter the competitions. C．People enjoy working in their gardens. D．People can find a place to plant flowers. 答案：C 3．Why do people turn their rooftops into gardens? A．The flowers on the rooftops are more beautiful. B．The space that can be used is limited. C．Too many people are waiting for the place. D．The flowers on the rooftops improve the air quality. 答案：B 4．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the significance of gardening? A．It enriches people's spiritual worlds. B．It improves environment quality. C．It provides people with a wonderful time. D．It enables expert gardeners to enter competitions. 答案：D 5．What do you think the last sentence in this article means? A．A thistle cannot grow because of the roses. B．A thistle is less important than the roses. C．Gardening can make the environment more beautiful and the minds fulfilled. D．Gardening can cost you a lot of time and money. 答案：C [Tip] 借助句间逻辑关系推测句意 句意猜测题一般考查学生用合适的语句解释一个具有概括性的句子或格言、谚语等，解题时重在把握上下文的句间逻辑关系及上下文的语意。如第5题考查的是对文章尾段最后一句中引言的理解，首先分析其上文，作者以反问的语气表达了自己的观点：园艺能让你在享受自然的同时创造美丽。本句引言在文中是用来进一步论证这一观点，故该引言与前一句之间为同义关系，由此可推知本题答案。 (二)阅读表达 1．Why do over 4,000 people wait for the small pieces of land? Because_they_want_to_turn_the_land_into_gardens_to_grow_things. 2．Why does gardening do good to cities? It_can_help_make_cities_greener_and_improve_air_quality. 3．Do you like gardening? Why？(Answers may vary.) I_like_gardening.When_I_spend_my_free_time_gardening,_my_heart_is_calm_and_I_am_relaxed. |阅|读|技|能|提|升| 本文的语篇类型为事理说明文，此类文体多选用递进式结构，一层一层地剖析事理，把道理说深说透。各层之间的关系是由浅入深、由表及里、由现象到本质。如本文按以下顺序说明了英国人对园艺的喜爱：何时开始喜欢园艺的→喜欢园艺的原因→打理自己花园的方式→喜欢园艺的益处。 采用递进式结构的说明文的主旨大意多在尾段，有时行文也会采用首尾呼应的方式，此时可同时分析文章的开头和结尾来提炼主旨。如本文的开头和结尾均引用了《秘密花园》中的相关语句来烘托主题，这种首尾呼应的写作方法让文章结构更加紧密，主题更加突出。 (一)赏用词之妙 1．Each spring, children plant sunflowers and wait to see which one is the tallest. 赏析：本句描写了春天孩子们参加园艺活动的情景，动词短语wait to see写出了孩子们等候向日葵快点长成的那种迫不及待的心理。 2．Expert gardeners know just the right corner for roses, and others spend hours trying to grow perfect vegetables to enter into competitions. 赏析：前半句中的know在此有“了如指掌”的意思，写出了高明的园丁对自己的园艺技能的自信。后半句中的spend hours及perfect写出了英国人对园艺活动高涨的热情和付出的努力。 [提能训练|完成句子] ①Let's put the chalk into the water and wait_to_see_what_will_happen. 让我们把粉笔放进水中，等着看看会发生什么。 ②I'd prefer to keep silent until I_know_all_the_facts. 在了解全部事实之前我不想发表意见。 ③He would spend_hours online until he chose perfect_products. 他会在网上花几个小时直到挑选到完美的产品。 (二)赏句式之高 1．These words come from the author of the book The Secret Garden, first published in 1911. 赏析：本句中first published in 1911是过去分词短语作后置定语，进一步介绍了《秘密花园》这本书的有关情况，相当于定语从句which was first published in 1911，但是相比于从句，分词的用法令句式更凝练，表达更高效。 2．And while many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass, some are happy just to sit under the branches of the trees and enjoy the beauty of the world around them. 赏析：本句中使用了while引导让步状语从句，nothing better than属于“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义的用法，to sit under the branches of the trees and enjoy ...为动词不定式在句中做原因状语，各种高级句式的连用提升了表达的层次，写出了英国人对园艺的热爱以及不同的人拥有不同的享受园艺的方式。 3．Those without outside space can rent small pieces of land on which to grow things. 赏析：本句中without outside space是介词短语作定语， on which ...是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句的省略结构。介词短语和省略结构的运用起到了化繁为简的作用，令表达更简洁高效。 ①(完成句子)While_I_admit_his_good_points/strengths,_I can see his shortcomings. 尽管我承认他的优点，但我还是能看到他的缺点。 ②(句式升级)From my point of view, health is the most important thing in our daily life. →From my point of view，nothing_is_more_important_than_health in our daily life. ③(句式升级)We need some solid facts on which we could base our decision. →We need some solid facts on_which_to base our decision.(升级为省略句) (三)赏修辞之功 Today, millions of Brits like to say that they have “green fingers”， with around half the population spending their free time gardening. 赏析：本句中的“green fingers” 表示“绿手指(意为擅长园艺)”，使用了借代的修辞手法，表示对喜欢园艺的人的称赞。借代修辞手法可以达到“以简代繁，以实代虚，以奇代凡，以事代情”的效果，恰当地运用该修辞手法可以让表达特点鲜明、具体生动。 [提能训练|英译汉] ①I know that his father has green fingers. 我知道他爸爸擅长园艺。 ②Gray hair should be respected. 老年人应受到尊敬。 ③No cross, no crown.没有苦就没有甜。/不经风雨，怎见彩虹。 (四)赏逻辑之巧 As well as being good for the environment, gardening is also good for the soul.What other free-time activity allows you to be at one with nature and create more beautiful living things? And if you're in any doubt about this, take a moment to reflect on this line from The Secret Garden：“Where you tend a rose ...A thistle cannot grow.” 赏析：文中第一句作者使用了as well as及also进一步描述了园艺的优点。而后采用设问的方式引发读者思考，加深对文章主题的探讨。继而又使用and, if 等连接词引导问题持续展开，最后借助名著中一句引言做出总结，给出答案。整个行文逻辑紧密、逐层深入，自然流畅地点明了文章主题。 提能训练|英译汉 As well as being good at singing, he is also good at dancing. And if he takes part in the talent show, he will surely get the first prize. 他不但擅长唱歌，而且也擅长跳舞。如果他参加才艺表演，他一定会获得一等奖。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A The twenty-three-year-old Mumbai girl, Vidhi Bubna, is offering India's first and only diving grant to explore the marine ecosystem. Vidhi's first diving experience turned out to be a heartbreaking one.While she expected a lot of colors underwater as she had seen on TV, Vidhi came across all white corals, which means they are almost dead from being bleached (褪色)． “It was very sad and I just started crying after coming out of the water，” she says. Vidhi, an economics graduate from Ashoka University, did not enjoy working with numbers and turned to writing about social issues, including women's rights and minority issues. As an adventure lover, Vidhi went diving to explore the underwater beauty last year.Her disappointment at seeing dying corals led to the start of Coral Warriors, a non-profit organisation that aims to raise awareness of marine protection and climate change. “Nobody knows about climate change till they see it，” Vidhi says.The Mumbai-based organisation offers India's first and only diving grant.The grant sponsors level-one scuba diving education in any location of their choice in India.While there is no specific standard, Vidhi says the selection process is strict, choosing candidates who are passionate about climate change and seeing that they do something of their choice.Four candidates have been awarded the grant so far and the organisation hopes to find at least five people every year. “After the candidates return, we expect them to work on a climate change project of their choice, build communities, and raise awareness to drive action-centric projects，” she explains. Prior to starting Coral Warriors, Vidhi hosted free online workshops to spread awareness about marine biodiversity and climate change, reaching about 5,000 people through them. As a next step, Vidhi is planning to work on documentaries with high-quality underwater images and videos, considering not many can afford or have the courage to go diving to see what is happening underwater. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了孟买女孩Vidhi Bubna成立非营利性组织为人们提供印度首个也是唯一的潜水奖学金，以探索并保护海洋生态系统。 1．How did Vidhi feel on her first diving? A．Excited. B．Upset. C．Awesome. D．Awkward. 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Vidhi's first diving experience turned out to be a heartbreaking one.”和第三段中的“It was very sad and I just started crying after coming out of the water”可知，Vidhi的第一次潜水经历让她感到很沮丧。 2．Why did Vidhi set up Coral Warriors? A．To focus more attention on social issues. B．To further explore the underwater beauty. C．To fuel people's enthusiasm for adventure. D．To make an appeal for marine conservation. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“ aims to raise awareness of marine protection and climate change”可知，Vidhi成立该组织是为了呼吁人们重视海洋保护。 3．What are candidates expected to do? A．To help promote people's sense of community. B．To choose whatever they are passionate about. C．To meet specific and strict selection standards. D．To undertake activities relevant to climate change. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“we expect them to work on a climate change project of their choice”可知，候选人被期待参与气候变化相关活动。 4．What will Vidhi do to protect marine biodiversity? A．Shoot documentaries. B．Tackle climate change. C．Encourage people to dive. D．Host free online workshops. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“As a next step, Vidhi is planning to work on documentaries with high-quality underwater images and videos”可知，Vidhi要通过拍摄纪录片来保护海洋生物的多样性。 B As explorers of the wild, penguins often wander around. Normally, these ice-cold explorations are pretty short-lived. But one emperor penguin, now named Gus, alone and hungry, recently landed on a beach in Australia, more than 2,000 miles away from its native Antarctica. In the bird world, rare migrations such as these are referred to as vagrancies (流浪), says Casey Youngflesh, an associate professor at Clemson University. Living in the coldest place on Earth, emperor penguins, which can grow up to 45 inches tall and live between 15 and 20 years, typically live in groups with populations that can range from a few hundred to thousands of members. But even a large population isn't a guarantee of survival, and penguins survived due to several unique adaptations. Thick feathers protect penguins from Antarctica's cold temperatures and high winds, and substantial (大量的) fat stores allow them to survive with little or no food for long periods. These animals are also remarkable swimmers, capable of diving to depths of over 450 meters. These characteristics could certainly have helped this male penguin make the journey to Australia, says Youngflesh. Determining what exactly caused the penguin to end up in Australia is another matter, as some experts suggest that he could have been blown off course by a storm and gotten lost or had some of its other navigational senses disturbed in some way. Despite how infrequently penguins land on Australia, Gus's case may indicate how quickly the Antarctic environment is changing and how local species are affected. Emperor penguins, for example, depend on stable sea ice to reproduce, but as climate change increasingly causes ice shelves to melt, the species is expected to undergo rapid population decline in the next few decades. Vast environmental changes and less food sources mean that some animals must search farther for food and shelter than they otherwise would. To that end, while this unusual event isn't currently an indication of a larger pattern, experts should take note as animal vagrancy can expand in the future, says Youngflesh. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一只雄性帝企鹅意外出现在澳大利亚，引发了人们对动物流浪和南极环境变化的关注。 5．What can we learn about emperor penguins? A．They rarely explore the wild. B．They tend to live in communities. C．They migrate to Australia for food. D．They live longer than other animals. 解析：选B　细节理解题。由第二段中的“Living in the coldest place on Earth ...range from a few hundred to thousands of members.”可知，帝企鹅倾向于群居。 6．Which feature enabled Gus to survive during the journey? A．Its waterproof feathers. B．Its considerable fat stores. C．Its disturbed navigational senses. D．Its adaptation to animal vagrancy. 解析：选B　细节理解题。由第三段中的“Thick feathers protect penguins ...or no food for long periods. ”可知，使Gus在旅途中存活下来的特征是它体内大量的脂肪储备。 7．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Animal vagrancies are likely to increase in frequency. B．A large pattern of penguins wandering alone is formed. C．Environmental changes may speed penguins' extinction. D．Human interference is needed to bring this penguin back. 解析：选A　推理判断题。由最后一段中的“To that end, while this unusual event ...says Youngflesh. ”可知，动物流浪的频率可能会增加。 8．What is the main idea of the text? A．The climate change intensifies in Antarctica. B．A penguin successfully survived the elements. C．A male penguin ended up on distant Australia. D．Animal vagrancy draws attention from experts. 解析：选C　主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段可知，文章主要围绕一只名叫Gus的雄性帝企鹅独自出现在遥远的澳大利亚的事件展开。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Rivers play an important role on the earth, and we can't imagine what the earth would be like without rivers.__9__ With a length of 6,670 kilometers, the Nile is the longest river in the world.The Nile River has been the source of human civilization since ancient times.The Nile has two main branches — the White Nile and the Blue Nile.The White Nile starts from the Great Lakes region of East and Central Africa through Lake Victoria.__10__ The Blue Nile carries with it a lot of fertile soil which turns out to be very important to farming in Egypt. The Amazon River is the world's largest river with a width of about 40 kilometers during the rainy seasons but about 10 kilometers wide when it is not flooded.The Amazon River has such a big water volume that it accounts for (占……比例) more than 20% of all the world's fresh water — far more than any other river.__11__The main Amazon River flows mostly through Brazil and Peru but its tributaries (支流) can also be found in many other countries. __12__ It has a depth of about 250 meters.Its length is 4,700 kilometers.The sources of the Congo River are in the highlands and mountains in the Eastern Africa Rift Valley.It's the second largest river in terms of water volume.__13__ The Congo River basin (盆地) is the catchment (流域) area of the Congo River.It lies in both north and south of the Equator, making its flow very stable as there are always some tributaries experiencing a rainy season at any time. A．Some of them are worth mentioning. B．The Congo River is the world's deepest river. C．Do you know which is the deepest river in the world? D．The Blue Nile originates from (发源于) Lake Tana in Ethiopia. E．Without rivers, there would be no living life in and along them. F．And it flows through the second largest rainforests in the world. G．Streams that begin in the Andes Mountains are its sources. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了尼罗河、亚马孙河和刚果河三条世界上最长、最大和最深的河流。 9．选A　本空为段尾句。根据下文分别讲述最长、最大和最深的河流可知，本句引起下文，故A项“其中一些河流值得一提”符合语境。 10．选D　根据“The Nile has two main branches ...”可知，尼罗河有两大支流：白尼罗河和青尼罗河。上一句介绍了白尼罗河的发源地，因此该句应该介绍青尼罗河的发源地，故D项符合语境。 11．选G　本段介绍亚马孙河。根据下文“The main Amazon River ...”提到了亚马孙河的干流和支流可知，该空应该描述它的发源地，故G项符合语境。 12．选B　根据下文可知，本段介绍刚果河；又因后一句提到了它的深度可知，B选项“刚果河是世界上最深的河流”符合语境。 13．选F　根据上下文对刚果河所处的地理位置的描述可知，它流经东非大裂谷，位于赤道的南北两侧，故F项“它流经世界上第二大雨林”符合语境。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$