Unit 3 Sports and Fitness单词短语句型语法（考点专练）英语人教版2019必修第一册

Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 教材考点精练 单元重点单词、短语、句型、语法 教材考点 （一）重点单词 1.master：n．高手；主人，vt. 精通；掌握 2.determination：n．决心；决定 determine v．决心；决定 determined adj.坚决的 with determination有决心地；坚定地 determine to do...决定做……(表示动作) determine on/upon (doing) sth决定(做)某事 be determined to do...决心做……(表示状态) 3. fitness n．健康；健壮；适合 fit adj.适合的；健康的 vt.适合 unfit adj.不适合的 4.ski adj.滑雪的 vi.滑雪 skiing n．滑雪(运动) 5.host vt.主办；主持 n．主人；东道主；节目主持人 hostess n．女主人；女主持人 6.legend n．传奇故事(或人物)；传说 legendary adj.传说的；非常有名的；传奇的 7.honour n．荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 honourable adj.可敬的；光荣的 honoured adj.光荣的；荣幸的；受尊敬的 have the honour to do/ of doing sth有幸做某事 be/feel honoured to do sth做某事感到荣幸 8.glory n．荣誉；光荣；赞美 glorious adj.光荣的；辉煌的；壮丽的 9.championship n．锦标赛；冠军赛；冠军称号 champion n．冠军；优胜者=winner 10.injure vt.使受伤；损害 injured adj.受伤的；有伤的 injury n．伤害；损伤 11.graceful adj.优美的；优雅的 grace n．优美；优雅 12.strength n．力量；体力 strengthen v．加强；巩固 strong adj.强壮的；坚固的；坚强的 13.failure n．失败；失败的人(或事物) fail v．失败；未做；不及格 14.compete vi.竞争；对抗 competition n．竞争；比赛 competitor n．竞争者；对手 competitive adj.竞争的 compete with/against和……竞争 compete for为了……而竞争 compete in sth参加……比赛 15. pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮 pretend to do sth假装做某事 pretend to be...装作是…… pretend to be doing sth假装正在做某事 pretend to have done sth假装已经做过某事 16.compared with/to 与……相比 compare A to B把A比作B/把A同B做比 by comparison 比较起来；相比之下 17.stress n．压力；紧张；重音 vt.强调；重读；使焦虑不安 vi.焦虑不安 stressful adj.造成压力的 stressed adj.感到压力的 18.come along 跟随；到达；进步；赶快 come about(尤指未经计划)发生；产生 come across偶然遇到；碰见 come up with提出(计划、想法)；想出 come out出现；出版；结果是 19.make it 获得成功；准时到达 make out弄清楚；看出；听出 make up组成；编造；化妆 make up for弥补 make (full) use of (充分)利用 20.give up 放弃；投降 give in (to sb/sth) (向某人/物)屈服；让步 give away赠送，捐赠；分发；泄露 give off放出(热、光、气味或气体) （二）重点短语 1. play a role in在…起作用在...中扮演角色 2. lose weight 减轻体重；减肥 3. get used to sth./doing sth. 习惯于 4. lose heart 丧失信心；泄气 5. work out：锻炼；计算出；解决；制定出；想出 6. set an example 树立榜样 7. fall apart 破裂；破碎；崩溃 8. lose heart 丧失信心；泄气 9. because of 因为；由于 10.make it 获得成功；准时到达 11.lose weight 减肥 12.build up one’s strength 增强体质 13.under stress 在压力之下 14.with determination 有决心 15.now and then 有时，偶尔 16.make a difference 有作用，有影响 17.even if/ though 即使；虽然 18.work out 锻炼；计算出；解决 19.add...to...把……添加到…… 20.make a list of 列……的清单 21.earn from his failures 从失败中吸取教训 22.feel honored to do sth 做某事感到荣幸 23.in a sense 从某种意义上说 24.keep a healthy diet 保持健康的饮食 25.strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点 26.have/hold/take a (positive) attitude towards/ to sth 对....持（积极）态度 27.have a good master /knowledge of 精通，掌握 28.track and field 田径 29.by the way顺便问一下 30.in common with与……一样 31.make a difference有作用或影响 32.compare...with...与……比较 （三）重点句型 1、 动词 -ing 形式作主语： Losing two important players was a big challenge. 失去两名重要球员是一个巨大的挑战 Running is a healthy way to relax. 跑步是一种健康的放松方式 2、时间状语从句： When Michael Jordan's feet left the ground，time seemed to stand still. 当迈克尔・乔丹的双脚离开地面时，时间似乎静止了 Some people seem to do it as a hobby when they do this. 有些人这样做好像仅仅是一种消遣 3、even if/though 引导的让步状语从句： I always wanted to look like the slim girls on TV even though I knew that it was impossible. 我一直想看起来像电视上的苗条女孩，尽管我知道这是不可能的 She wouldn't change it，even though she knew it was wrong. 她不会改变它，尽管她知道这是错的 4、 rather than 连接并列结构： Rather than cutting out the foods I enjoyed，I added healthy foods to my meals. 我没有剔除自己喜欢的食物，而是在饮食中添加了健康食品 Rather than wasting your time doing it yourself，why don't you call a builder? 你为什么宁愿浪费时间自己去做，而不请个建筑工人呢？ （四）重点语法 本单元重点语法为附加疑问句 附加疑问句是英语中一种特殊的句式，由 “陈述句 + 简短疑问句” 构成， 主要用于征求对方意见、确认事实或加强语气。其结构看似简单，但实际应用中需注意诸多细节， 以下从核心规则、特殊情况、常见误区三个方面详细讲解。 一、核心规则：“前肯后否，前否后肯” 附加疑问句的基本逻辑是陈述句与简短疑问句的语气相反， 即：若陈述句为肯定形式，简短疑问句用否定形式； 若陈述句为否定形式，简短疑问句用肯定形式。 结构公式： 肯定陈述句 + 否定疑问部分（助动词 / 情态动词 + not + 主语） 否定陈述句 + 肯定疑问部分（助动词 / 情态动词 + 主语） 1、陈述句含 be 动词 / 情态动词 若陈述句中含有 be 动词（am/is/are/was/were）或情态动词（can/may/must/should 等）， 简短疑问句直接重复该动词，并根据 “前肯后否” 调整否定形式。 She is a professional athlete, isn’t she? 她是职业运动员，不是吗？ （前肯：is → 后否：isn’t she） They can’t swim across the river, can they? 他们不能游过河，是吗？ （前否：can’t → 后肯：can they） He was late for the game, wasn’t he? 他比赛迟到了，不是吗？ 2、陈述句含实义动词 若陈述句中没有 be 动词或情态动词，需根据时态添加助动词（do/does/did/have/has 等），再调整否定形式。 You exercise every morning, don’t you? 你每天早上锻炼，不是吗？ （一般现在时，实义动词 exercise → 助动词 do，前肯后否：don’t you） He won the competition last year, didn’t he?（他去年赢了比赛，不是吗？） （一般过去时，实义动词 won → 助动词 did，前肯后否：didn’t he） They have finished their training, haven’t they?（他们已经完成训练了，不是吗？） （现在完成时，助动词 have → 前肯后否：haven’t they） 3、主语的一致与替换 简短疑问句的主语需与陈述句主语保持一致，且通常用代词替代名词（避免重复）。 The new gym looks modern, doesn’t it? 新健身房看起来很现代，不是吗？ （主语 the new gym → 代词 it） Mary and Tom like playing basketball, don’t they? 玛丽和汤姆喜欢打篮球，不是吗？ （主语 Mary and Tom → 代词 they） 二、特殊情况：打破 “常规” 的例外 实际使用中，部分句式不符合 “前肯后否” 的绝对规则，或因陈述句含特殊词汇、结构 导致疑问部分变化，需重点记忆。 1、陈述句含否定词：视为 “否定句” 若陈述句中含有否定词或半否定词（如 no, not, never, hardly, seldom, few, little, nothing, nobody 等），则陈述句视为否定形式，简短疑问句用肯定形式。 常见否定词列表： never（从不）、hardly（几乎不）、seldom（很少）、rarely（极少）、few（几乎没有，接可数名词）、little（几乎没有，接不可数名词）、nothing（没什么）、nobody（没人）。 He seldom goes to the gym, does he? 他很少去健身房，是吗？ （seldom 表否定 → 前否后肯：does he） Few people know about this sport, do they? 很少有人了解这项运动，是吗？ （few 表否定 → 前否后肯：do they） She has never missed a training session, has she? 她从未缺席过训练，是吗？ 2.、祈使句后的附加疑问句 祈使句（表请求、命令）后的附加疑问句通常用will you（用于肯定祈使句）或won’t you（语气更委婉）；若祈使句为否定形式（Don’t...），则用will you。 Come and join our fitness club, will you? 来加入我们的健身俱乐部吧，好吗？ Don’t give up easily, will you? 别轻易放弃，好吗？ Let’s go for a run this afternoon, shall we? 咱们下午去跑步吧，好吗？ （注意：Let’s 开头的祈使句，用 shall we；Let us 开头用 will you） 3、陈述句含宾语从句：疑问部分看主句 当陈述句为主从复合句（含宾语从句）时，附加疑问句的动词和主语通常与主句保持一致。 He said he would win the game, didn’t he? 他说他会赢比赛，不是吗？ （主句 he said → 疑问部分 didn’t he） They think swimming is good for health, don’t they? 他们认为游泳有益健康，不是吗？ 4、陈述句主语为不定代词 若陈述句主语是指人的不定代词（everyone, somebody, nobody 等），简短疑问句主语用 they； 若指物（everything, something 等），用 it。 Everyone likes watching the Olympics, don’t they? 每个人都喜欢看奥运会，不是吗？ Nothing is impossible, is it? 没有什么是不可能的，是吗？ 三、常见误区与易错点 1、“否定前缀” 不算否定： 陈述句中若含加否定前缀（un- /in-/dis - 等）的词（如 unhappy, impossible）， 不算否定句，附加疑问句仍用否定形式。 ✅ He is unhappy with the result, isn’t he?（他对结果不满意，不是吗？） ❌ 错：...is he? 2、情态动词 “must” 的特殊情况： must 表 “必须” 时，疑问部分用 needn’t（不必）； ✅ You must finish the training, needn’t you?（你必须完成训练，不是吗？） must 表 “推测”（一定）时，疑问部分动词与陈述句动词一致； ✅ He must be a good player, isn’t he?（他一定是个好球员，不是吗？） （五）重点词汇语法精练 I：重点词性转化 1．fit adj．健康的；合适的___________n．健康；适合__________ adj．不适合的 2．host vt．主办；主持n．主人；主持人__________ n．女主人；女房东 3．honour n．荣誉；尊敬__________ adj．可敬的__________ adj．受尊敬的 4．determine vt．决定；确定__________ adj．坚决的；有决心的__________ n．决心；决定 5．injure v．使受伤__________ adj．受伤的；有伤的__________ n．伤害；损伤 6．strong adj．强壮的__________ n．力量；体力__________ vt．加强 7．fail vi．失败 vt．未做；未履行__________ n．失败；失败的人（或事物） 8．compete vi．竞争；对抗__________ n．竞争__________ adj．有竞争力的__________ n．竞争者 9．stress n．压力；强调 v．强调__________ adj．焦虑的→__________adj．压力大的 10．compare v．比较；把．．．比作__________ n.比较，对比 11．athlete n．运动员；运动健儿__________ adj.运动的；身体健壮的 12．glory n．荣誉；光荣；赞美__________ adj．辉煌的；荣誉的；极好的 II：重点词汇语法填空 1. Now that you have made the __________(determine), the next step is to do it without hesitation. 2. The ability to keep calm whenever and wherever is one of his ________ (strength). 3. My parents had no choice but to give in____ me，because they loved me so much. 4. Do not let any ________ (fail) disappoints you, for you can make a difference by your hardworking. 5. Scientists can’t make sure what’s the most effective way to improve physical _______ (fit) ? 6. The beneficial connections between the two countries has been _________ (strength) through the decades. 7. The fact that countless__________ (athlete) participated in the Olympic Games and gained gold medals to prove themselves. 8. His art work ______ (impress) me a lot for his talent. 9. Mary was __________ (determine) to help her boyfriend to overcome the dilemma which he confronted . 10. Lily got___________(injure) in the Sports Meeting, so we sent her to the hospital soon. III语法牛刀小试 1、Tom has never failed a competition, ______ ______? 2、Let’s make a fitness plan, ______ ______? 3、The story about her determination sounds true, ______ ______? 4、You don’t need to worry about the injury, ______ ______? 模拟考点精练 一、阅读理解 （24-25高一上·重庆·期末）Winter is a season when you really prove your love of hiking. It demands proper commitment — with more efforts and more risks. 1 With sufficient knowledge and safety tips, harsh winter conditions shouldn’t discourage you from hitting the traits (路径). Know how to navigate. Phone apps rely on a GPS signal and also an internet connection — both of which can be unstable. Since you never know when you'll find yourself having to plan a course in a dead zone, making backup navigation is essential. Just make sure you know how to use a compass and read a map. 2 In winter, the days are shorter, backpacks are heavier and the conditions underfoot can be exhausting. It's wise to plan your routes accordingly by choosing trails less challenging or areas less affected by sudden weather changes. And if Mother Nature throws you a last minute curveball — adapt. Know who to call in an emergency. 3 You may not have internet connection to look up who to call while you're out, so it's better to hope for the host but prepare for the worst. Plus, in the event of you needing assistance, research what information the rescue service will require before and once they reach you. Wear appropriate gear (衣服). Don’ wear anything made of cotton as it sucks the heat out of your body when it's wet. Start with a wool base layer, and then add insulated (绝缘的) layers. 4 One final thing: don’t forget a power bank for your phone. 5 You’ll need it not just as a safety measure, but also because you're likely to take lots of pictures. A．Check your ambition. B．Watch out for weather changes. C．Thick jumpers and waterproof shells are on top. D．Nothing damages your battery power quite like cold weather. E．And it's also an ideal time to dive into nature and get the most out of it. F．And in return, it gives you a deeper and richer sense of the great outdoors. G．Save the local rescue service numbers on everyone's phones before hiking. 二、完形填空 （24-25高一下·云南·开学考试）Mark was a typical high school student. He 1 most of his free time playing video games and watching TV. His diet was filled with junk food like pizza and burgers. As a result, he was often 2 and his grades were starting to fall because he couldn’t 3 in class. One day, during a PE class, there was a 1,000-meter run. Mark 4 from the very beginning. He was soon left 5 behind by his classmates, out of 6 and on the verge of giving up. This 7 experience made him decide to change. Mark started by going for a 15-minute 8 every evening. At first, his legs felt 9 , and he wanted to quit after just a few minutes. But he pushed himself. As days 10 weeks, he gradually increased his running time and 11 . Besides running, Mark also began to eat healthier. He 12 soda with water and started having more fruits and vegetables. After two months, something amazing happened. Mark no longer felt tired all the time. He could focus better in class, and his grades 13 . In the next PE class run, he finished in the middle of the pack, much to the 14 of his classmates. This experience taught Mark that regular exercise and a balanced diet could truly help to keep 15 , both physically and mentally. 1．A．took B．spent C．paid D．cost 2．A．tired B．thirsty C．lonely D．excited 3．A．compare B．compete C．concentrate D．contribute 4．A．benefited B．struggled C．cheated D．pretended 5．A．little B．few C．close D．far 6．A．breath B．control C．work D．place 7．A．attractive B．positive C．embarrassing D．living 8．A．walk B．break C．track D．jog 9．A．sour B．hard C．ill D．heavy 10．A．came over B．took down C．turned into D．hunted for 11．A．speed B．rate C．step D．pace 12．A．recovered B．replaced C．produced D．processed 13．A．grew B．improved C．changed D．strengthened 14．A．sadness B．credit C．surprise D．relief 15．A．tight B．tough C．calm D．fit 三、语法填空 （23-24高一下·山西大同·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Actress Jia Ling topped the social media topics on the second consecutive day of the Chinese Lunar New Year as her surprising weight loss of 50 kilograms during the shooting of her movie Yolo brought about heated discussions over healthy lifestyle and 1 (allow) some viewers to draw much 2 (inspire) from her tough weight-loss journey. Topics related to Jia’s surprising weight loss were dominating (主导) Weibo like “Jia Ling 3 (total) shocked me,” as netizens discussed whether it was time to develop a more 4 (balance) habit starting from the Spring Festival. “Her achievement is quite inspiring and it deserves (应得) a movie ticket,”said moviegoer Li 5 regularly visits the gym to lose weight. Jia noted that the movie is not about boxing or losing weight, 6 rather is a heart-warming story about “learning to love yourself.” 7 (finish) the filming of the movie, Jia had to increase her weight by 20 kilograms before starting to lose weight in only six months. However, not everyone agreed on Jia’s weight loss program. “Not everyone can manage to shoulder the burden (重担) of 8 (lose) 50 kilograms in just six months,” said Jiang, a fitness expert. “To lose weight 9 a healthy way, we need to set several reachable short-term 10 (goal). It would be better to work out a schedule and stick to it.” 四、书信写作 （24-25高一上·湖南湘潭·期末）假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Tom告诉你，他最近因为缺乏锻炼而感到身体不适。请你给他回一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1.强调定期锻炼的好处； 2.提出具体的锻炼建议。 注意： 1.写作词数应为 80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 教材考点精练 单元重点单词、短语、句型、语法 教材考点 （一）重点单词 1.master：n．高手；主人，vt. 精通；掌握 2.determination：n．决心；决定 determine v．决心；决定 determined adj.坚决的 with determination有决心地；坚定地 determine to do...决定做……(表示动作) determine on/upon (doing) sth决定(做)某事 be determined to do...决心做……(表示状态) 3. fitness n．健康；健壮；适合 fit adj.适合的；健康的 vt.适合 unfit adj.不适合的 4.ski adj.滑雪的 vi.滑雪 skiing n．滑雪(运动) 5.host vt.主办；主持 n．主人；东道主；节目主持人 hostess n．女主人；女主持人 6.legend n．传奇故事(或人物)；传说 legendary adj.传说的；非常有名的；传奇的 7.honour n．荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 honourable adj.可敬的；光荣的 honoured adj.光荣的；荣幸的；受尊敬的 have the honour to do/ of doing sth有幸做某事 be/feel honoured to do sth做某事感到荣幸 8.glory n．荣誉；光荣；赞美 glorious adj.光荣的；辉煌的；壮丽的 9.championship n．锦标赛；冠军赛；冠军称号 champion n．冠军；优胜者=winner 10.injure vt.使受伤；损害 injured adj.受伤的；有伤的 injury n．伤害；损伤 11.graceful adj.优美的；优雅的 grace n．优美；优雅 12.strength n．力量；体力 strengthen v．加强；巩固 strong adj.强壮的；坚固的；坚强的 13.failure n．失败；失败的人(或事物) fail v．失败；未做；不及格 14.compete vi.竞争；对抗 competition n．竞争；比赛 competitor n．竞争者；对手 competitive adj.竞争的 compete with/against和……竞争 compete for为了……而竞争 compete in sth参加……比赛 15. pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮 pretend to do sth假装做某事 pretend to be...装作是…… pretend to be doing sth假装正在做某事 pretend to have done sth假装已经做过某事 16.compared with/to 与……相比 compare A to B把A比作B/把A同B做比 by comparison 比较起来；相比之下 17.stress n．压力；紧张；重音 vt.强调；重读；使焦虑不安 vi.焦虑不安 stressful adj.造成压力的 stressed adj.感到压力的 18.come along 跟随；到达；进步；赶快 come about(尤指未经计划)发生；产生 come across偶然遇到；碰见 come up with提出(计划、想法)；想出 come out出现；出版；结果是 19.make it 获得成功；准时到达 make out弄清楚；看出；听出 make up组成；编造；化妆 make up for弥补 make (full) use of (充分)利用 20.give up 放弃；投降 give in (to sb/sth) (向某人/物)屈服；让步 give away赠送，捐赠；分发；泄露 give off放出(热、光、气味或气体) （二）重点短语 1. play a role in在…起作用在...中扮演角色 2. lose weight 减轻体重；减肥 3. get used to sth./doing sth. 习惯于 4. lose heart 丧失信心；泄气 5. work out：锻炼；计算出；解决；制定出；想出 6. set an example 树立榜样 7. fall apart 破裂；破碎；崩溃 8. lose heart 丧失信心；泄气 9. because of 因为；由于 10.make it 获得成功；准时到达 11.lose weight 减肥 12.build up one’s strength 增强体质 13.under stress 在压力之下 14.with determination 有决心 15.now and then 有时，偶尔 16.make a difference 有作用，有影响 17.even if/ though 即使；虽然 18.work out 锻炼；计算出；解决 19.add...to...把……添加到…… 20.make a list of 列……的清单 21.earn from his failures 从失败中吸取教训 22.feel honored to do sth 做某事感到荣幸 23.in a sense 从某种意义上说 24.keep a healthy diet 保持健康的饮食 25.strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点 26.have/hold/take a (positive) attitude towards/ to sth 对....持（积极）态度 27.have a good master /knowledge of 精通，掌握 28.track and field 田径 29.by the way顺便问一下 30.in common with与……一样 31.make a difference有作用或影响 32.compare...with...与……比较 （三）重点句型 1、 动词 -ing 形式作主语： Losing two important players was a big challenge. 失去两名重要球员是一个巨大的挑战 Running is a healthy way to relax. 跑步是一种健康的放松方式 2、时间状语从句： When Michael Jordan's feet left the ground，time seemed to stand still. 当迈克尔・乔丹的双脚离开地面时，时间似乎静止了 Some people seem to do it as a hobby when they do this. 有些人这样做好像仅仅是一种消遣 3、even if/though 引导的让步状语从句： I always wanted to look like the slim girls on TV even though I knew that it was impossible. 我一直想看起来像电视上的苗条女孩，尽管我知道这是不可能的 She wouldn't change it，even though she knew it was wrong. 她不会改变它，尽管她知道这是错的 4、 rather than 连接并列结构： Rather than cutting out the foods I enjoyed，I added healthy foods to my meals. 我没有剔除自己喜欢的食物，而是在饮食中添加了健康食品 Rather than wasting your time doing it yourself，why don't you call a builder? 你为什么宁愿浪费时间自己去做，而不请个建筑工人呢？ （四）重点语法 本单元重点语法为附加疑问句 附加疑问句是英语中一种特殊的句式，由 “陈述句 + 简短疑问句” 构成， 主要用于征求对方意见、确认事实或加强语气。其结构看似简单，但实际应用中需注意诸多细节， 以下从核心规则、特殊情况、常见误区三个方面详细讲解。 一、核心规则：“前肯后否，前否后肯” 附加疑问句的基本逻辑是陈述句与简短疑问句的语气相反， 即：若陈述句为肯定形式，简短疑问句用否定形式； 若陈述句为否定形式，简短疑问句用肯定形式。 结构公式： 肯定陈述句 + 否定疑问部分（助动词 / 情态动词 + not + 主语） 否定陈述句 + 肯定疑问部分（助动词 / 情态动词 + 主语） 1、陈述句含 be 动词 / 情态动词 若陈述句中含有 be 动词（am/is/are/was/were）或情态动词（can/may/must/should 等）， 简短疑问句直接重复该动词，并根据 “前肯后否” 调整否定形式。 She is a professional athlete, isn’t she? 她是职业运动员，不是吗？ （前肯：is → 后否：isn’t she） They can’t swim across the river, can they? 他们不能游过河，是吗？ （前否：can’t → 后肯：can they） He was late for the game, wasn’t he? 他比赛迟到了，不是吗？ 2、陈述句含实义动词 若陈述句中没有 be 动词或情态动词，需根据时态添加助动词（do/does/did/have/has 等），再调整否定形式。 You exercise every morning, don’t you? 你每天早上锻炼，不是吗？ （一般现在时，实义动词 exercise → 助动词 do，前肯后否：don’t you） He won the competition last year, didn’t he?（他去年赢了比赛，不是吗？） （一般过去时，实义动词 won → 助动词 did，前肯后否：didn’t he） They have finished their training, haven’t they?（他们已经完成训练了，不是吗？） （现在完成时，助动词 have → 前肯后否：haven’t they） 3、主语的一致与替换 简短疑问句的主语需与陈述句主语保持一致，且通常用代词替代名词（避免重复）。 The new gym looks modern, doesn’t it? 新健身房看起来很现代，不是吗？ （主语 the new gym → 代词 it） Mary and Tom like playing basketball, don’t they? 玛丽和汤姆喜欢打篮球，不是吗？ （主语 Mary and Tom → 代词 they） 二、特殊情况：打破 “常规” 的例外 实际使用中，部分句式不符合 “前肯后否” 的绝对规则，或因陈述句含特殊词汇、结构 导致疑问部分变化，需重点记忆。 1、陈述句含否定词：视为 “否定句” 若陈述句中含有否定词或半否定词（如 no, not, never, hardly, seldom, few, little, nothing, nobody 等），则陈述句视为否定形式，简短疑问句用肯定形式。 常见否定词列表： never（从不）、hardly（几乎不）、seldom（很少）、rarely（极少）、few（几乎没有，接可数名词）、little（几乎没有，接不可数名词）、nothing（没什么）、nobody（没人）。 He seldom goes to the gym, does he? 他很少去健身房，是吗？ （seldom 表否定 → 前否后肯：does he） Few people know about this sport, do they? 很少有人了解这项运动，是吗？ （few 表否定 → 前否后肯：do they） She has never missed a training session, has she? 她从未缺席过训练，是吗？ 2.、祈使句后的附加疑问句 祈使句（表请求、命令）后的附加疑问句通常用will you（用于肯定祈使句）或won’t you（语气更委婉）；若祈使句为否定形式（Don’t...），则用will you。 Come and join our fitness club, will you? 来加入我们的健身俱乐部吧，好吗？ Don’t give up easily, will you? 别轻易放弃，好吗？ Let’s go for a run this afternoon, shall we? 咱们下午去跑步吧，好吗？ （注意：Let’s 开头的祈使句，用 shall we；Let us 开头用 will you） 3、陈述句含宾语从句：疑问部分看主句 当陈述句为主从复合句（含宾语从句）时，附加疑问句的动词和主语通常与主句保持一致。 He said he would win the game, didn’t he? 他说他会赢比赛，不是吗？ （主句 he said → 疑问部分 didn’t he） They think swimming is good for health, don’t they? 他们认为游泳有益健康，不是吗？ 4、陈述句主语为不定代词 若陈述句主语是指人的不定代词（everyone, somebody, nobody 等），简短疑问句主语用 they； 若指物（everything, something 等），用 it。 Everyone likes watching the Olympics, don’t they? 每个人都喜欢看奥运会，不是吗？ Nothing is impossible, is it? 没有什么是不可能的，是吗？ 三、常见误区与易错点 1、“否定前缀” 不算否定： 陈述句中若含加否定前缀（un- /in-/dis - 等）的词（如 unhappy, impossible）， 不算否定句，附加疑问句仍用否定形式。 ✅ He is unhappy with the result, isn’t he?（他对结果不满意，不是吗？） ❌ 错：...is he? 2、情态动词 “must” 的特殊情况： must 表 “必须” 时，疑问部分用 needn’t（不必）； ✅ You must finish the training, needn’t you?（你必须完成训练，不是吗？） must 表 “推测”（一定）时，疑问部分动词与陈述句动词一致； ✅ He must be a good player, isn’t he?（他一定是个好球员，不是吗？） （五）重点词汇语法精练 I：重点词性转化 1．fit adj．健康的；合适的___________n．健康；适合__________ adj．不适合的 2．host vt．主办；主持n．主人；主持人__________ n．女主人；女房东 3．honour n．荣誉；尊敬__________ adj．可敬的__________ adj．受尊敬的 4．determine vt．决定；确定__________ adj．坚决的；有决心的__________ n．决心；决定 5．injure v．使受伤__________ adj．受伤的；有伤的__________ n．伤害；损伤 6．strong adj．强壮的__________ n．力量；体力__________ vt．加强 7．fail vi．失败 vt．未做；未履行__________ n．失败；失败的人（或事物） 8．compete vi．竞争；对抗__________ n．竞争__________ adj．有竞争力的__________ n．竞争者 9．stress n．压力；强调 v．强调__________ adj．焦虑的→__________adj．压力大的 10．compare v．比较；把．．．比作__________ n.比较，对比 11．athlete n．运动员；运动健儿__________ adj.运动的；身体健壮的 12．glory n．荣誉；光荣；赞美__________ adj．辉煌的；荣誉的；极好的 答案：重点词性转化 1．fit adj．健康的；合适的→fitness n．健康；适合→unfit adj．不适合的 2．host vt．主办；主持n．主人；主持人→hostess n．女主人；女房东 3．honour n．荣誉；尊敬→honourable adj．可敬的→honoured adj．受尊敬的 4．determine vt．决定；确定→determined adj．坚决的；有决心的→determination n．决心；决定 5．injure v．使受伤→injured adj．受伤的；有伤的→injury n．伤害；损伤 6．strong adj．强壮的→strength n．力量；体力→strengthen vt．加强 7．fail vi．失败 vt．未做；未履行→failure n．失败；失败的人（或事物） 8．compete vi．竞争；对抗→competition n．竞争→competitive adj有竞争力的→competitor n．竞争者 9.．stress n．压力；强调 v．强调→stressed adj．焦虑的→stressful adj．压力大的 10．compare v．比较；把．．．比作→comparison n.比较，对比 11．athlete n．运动员；运动健儿→athletic adj.运动的；身体健壮的 12．glory n．荣誉；光荣；赞美→glorious adj．辉煌的；荣誉的；极好的 II：重点词汇语法填空 1. Now that you have made the __________(determine), the next step is to do it without hesitation. 2. The ability to keep calm whenever and wherever is one of his ________ (strength). 3. My parents had no choice but to give in____ me，because they loved me so much. 4. Do not let any ________ (fail) disappoints you, for you can make a difference by your hardworking. 5. Scientists can’t make sure what’s the most effective way to improve physical _______ (fit) ? 6. The beneficial connections between the two countries has been _________ (strength) through the decades. 7. The fact that countless__________ (athlete) participated in the Olympic Games and gained gold medals to prove themselves. 8. His art work ______ (impress) me a lot for his talent. 9. Mary was __________ (determine) to help her boyfriend to overcome the dilemma which he confronted . 10. Lily got___________(injure) in the Sports Meeting, so we sent her to the hospital soon. 答案：重点词汇语法填空 1. determination 2. strengths 3. to 4.failure 5.fitness 6.strengthened 7.athletes 8. impresses 9.determined 10. injured III语法牛刀小试 1、Tom has never failed a competition, ______ ______? （答案：has he） 2、Let’s make a fitness plan, ______ ______? （答案：shall we） 3、The story about her determination sounds true, ______ ______? （答案：doesn’t it） 4、You don’t need to worry about the injury, ______ ______? （答案：do you） 模拟考点精练 一、阅读理解 （24-25高一上·重庆·期末）Winter is a season when you really prove your love of hiking. It demands proper commitment — with more efforts and more risks. 1 With sufficient knowledge and safety tips, harsh winter conditions shouldn’t discourage you from hitting the traits (路径). Know how to navigate. Phone apps rely on a GPS signal and also an internet connection — both of which can be unstable. Since you never know when you'll find yourself having to plan a course in a dead zone, making backup navigation is essential. Just make sure you know how to use a compass and read a map. 2 In winter, the days are shorter, backpacks are heavier and the conditions underfoot can be exhausting. It's wise to plan your routes accordingly by choosing trails less challenging or areas less affected by sudden weather changes. And if Mother Nature throws you a last minute curveball — adapt. Know who to call in an emergency. 3 You may not have internet connection to look up who to call while you're out, so it's better to hope for the host but prepare for the worst. Plus, in the event of you needing assistance, research what information the rescue service will require before and once they reach you. Wear appropriate gear (衣服). Don’ wear anything made of cotton as it sucks the heat out of your body when it's wet. Start with a wool base layer, and then add insulated (绝缘的) layers. 4 One final thing: don’t forget a power bank for your phone. 5 You’ll need it not just as a safety measure, but also because you're likely to take lots of pictures. A．Check your ambition. B．Watch out for weather changes. C．Thick jumpers and waterproof shells are on top. D．Nothing damages your battery power quite like cold weather. E．And it's also an ideal time to dive into nature and get the most out of it. F．And in return, it gives you a deeper and richer sense of the great outdoors. G．Save the local rescue service numbers on everyone's phones before hiking. 【答案】1．F 2．A 3．G 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了冬季徒步的注意事项，包括导航、路线规划、紧急联络、穿着装备和手机充电宝的使用，强调了充分准备对安全和体验的重要性。 1．根据上文“Winter is a season when you really prove your love of hiking. It demands proper commitment—with more efforts and more risks. (冬季是证明你对徒步热爱的季节，它需要更多的努力和风险承担。)”以及下文“With sufficient knowledge and safety tips, harsh winter conditions shouldn’t discourage you from hitting the traits. (只要掌握足够的知识和安全提示，严酷的冬季条件不应阻碍你踏上小径)”可知，此处需强调冬季徒步的积极回报。F项“And in return, it gives you a deeper and richer sense of the great outdoors. (作为回报，它会让你对户外活动有更深刻、更丰富的体验。)”既承接了前文的挑战性，又呼应了下文的积极态度，故选F项。 2．根据本段内容“In winter, the days are shorter, backpacks are heavier and the conditions underfoot can be exhausting. It’s wise to plan your routes accordingly by choosing trails less challenging or areas less affected by sudden weather changes. And if Mother Nature throws you a last minute curveball — adapt. (冬天的时候，白天更短，背包更重，而且脚下的状况也让人疲惫不堪。明智的做法是选择挑战性较小或者受天气突变影响较小的路线来规划你的行程。如果大自然在最后一刻给你来个措手不及——那就适应它吧)”可知，本段核心是建议徒步者根据实际情况调整目标。A项“Check your ambition. (审视你的雄心)”以比喻方式点明“不要高估自身能力”，与后文“choosing trails less challenging or areas less affected by sudden weather changes(选择挑战性较低的路线)”逻辑一致，故选A项。 3．根据本段标题“Know who to call in an emergency. (知道在紧急情况下联系谁)”及下文“You may not have internet connection to look up who to call (你可能没有网络查询联系方式)”可知，此处说的是要保存好紧急情况下的联系方式。G项“Save the local rescue service numbers on everyone’s phones before hiking. (徒步前将当地救援电话存入每个人的手机)”表达的含义符合语境，故选G项。 4．根据上文“Start with a wool base layer, and then add insulated layers. (从羊毛基础层开始，然后添加绝缘层)”可知，本段讨论冬季徒步穿衣层次。C项“Thick jumpers and waterproof shells are on top. (厚毛衣和防水外套作为外层。)”具体说明外层穿着，符合语境，故选C项。 5．根据本段主题“One final thing: don‘t forget a power bank for your phone. (最后一件事：别忘了带手机充电宝)”及下文“You'll need it not just as a safety measure, but also because you‘re likely to take lots of pictures (你不仅需要它作为安全措施，还因为你可能会拍很多照片)”可知，此处需解释为何充电宝重要。D项“Nothing damages your battery power quite like cold weather. (没有什么比寒冷天气更损害手机电量。)”说明了低温对电池的影响，与“携带充电宝”的必要性形成因果关系，故选D项。 二、完形填空 （24-25高一下·云南·开学考试）Mark was a typical high school student. He 1 most of his free time playing video games and watching TV. His diet was filled with junk food like pizza and burgers. As a result, he was often 2 and his grades were starting to fall because he couldn’t 3 in class. One day, during a PE class, there was a 1,000-meter run. Mark 4 from the very beginning. He was soon left 5 behind by his classmates, out of 6 and on the verge of giving up. This 7 experience made him decide to change. Mark started by going for a 15-minute 8 every evening. At first, his legs felt 9 , and he wanted to quit after just a few minutes. But he pushed himself. As days 10 weeks, he gradually increased his running time and 11 . Besides running, Mark also began to eat healthier. He 12 soda with water and started having more fruits and vegetables. After two months, something amazing happened. Mark no longer felt tired all the time. He could focus better in class, and his grades 13 . In the next PE class run, he finished in the middle of the pack, much to the 14 of his classmates. This experience taught Mark that regular exercise and a balanced diet could truly help to keep 15 , both physically and mentally. 1．A．took B．spent C．paid D．cost 2．A．tired B．thirsty C．lonely D．excited 3．A．compare B．compete C．concentrate D．contribute 4．A．benefited B．struggled C．cheated D．pretended 5．A．little B．few C．close D．far 6．A．breath B．control C．work D．place 7．A．attractive B．positive C．embarrassing D．living 8．A．walk B．break C．track D．jog 9．A．sour B．hard C．ill D．heavy 10．A．came over B．took down C．turned into D．hunted for 11．A．speed B．rate C．step D．pace 12．A．recovered B．replaced C．produced D．processed 13．A．grew B．improved C．changed D．strengthened 14．A．sadness B．credit C．surprise D．relief 15．A．tight B．tough C．calm D．fit 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．C 11．A 12．B 13．B 14．C 15．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Mark曾沉迷游戏、常吃垃圾食品，体育课跑步落后。后来他坚持每晚慢跑、健康饮食，成绩提升，身体变好，领悟健康生活的意义。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把大部分空闲时间花在玩电子游戏和看电视上。A. took花费（时间、金钱等），常用结构为It takes sb. some time to do sth.；B. spent花费（时间、金钱等），常用结构为sb. spend some time/money (in) doing sth. /on sth.；C. paid支付，常与 for 搭配，sb. pay for sth.；D. cost花费（金钱），主语通常是物，sth. cost sb. some money。由下文“most of his free time playing video games”可知，此处符合spend some time (in) doing sth. 结构。故选B项。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：结果，他经常感到疲惫，而且他的成绩开始下降，因为他在课堂上无法集中注意力。A. tired疲惫的；B. thirsty口渴的；C. lonely孤独的；D. excited兴奋的。由上文“His diet was filled with junk food like pizza and burgers”及下文“he couldn’t 3 in class”可知，不良的饮食习惯导致他身体状态不佳由此可推测他经常感到疲惫。且下文“Mark no longer felt tired all the time.”也是提示。故选A项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：结果，他经常感到疲惫，而且他的成绩开始下降，因为他在课堂上无法集中注意力。A. compare比较；B. compete竞争；C. concentrate集中（注意力）；D. contribute贡献。由上文“his grades were starting to fall”以及语境可知，他成绩下降，原因应该是课堂上无法集中注意力。且下文“He could focus better in class”也是提示。故选C项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，在体育课上，有一次1000米跑。马克从一开始就很吃力。A. benefited受益；B. struggled挣扎，吃力地进行；C. cheated作弊；D. pretended假装。由下文“He was soon left 5 behind by his classmates, out of 6 and on the verge of giving up”可知，马克跑步很困难，很快就落后，所以此处表示从一开始就很吃力。故选B项。 5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他很快就被同学们远远地甩在了后面，上气不接下气，几乎要放弃了。A. little少，一点；B. few很少；C. close接近；D. far远。由下文“on the verge of giving up”可知，马克状态很差，所以应该是被同学们远远地甩在后面，leave far behind，表“远远落在后面”，符合语境。故选D项。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他很快就被同学们远远地甩在了后面，上气不接下气，几乎要放弃了。A. breath呼吸；B. control控制；C. work工作；D. place地方。由上文“Mark　4　from the very beginning”以及语境可知，前文提到马克跑步很吃力，被远远甩在后面，可知此处表示他上气不接下气，out of breath，表“上气不接下气”，符合语境。故选A项。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次尴尬的经历让他决定改变。A. attractive有吸引力的；B. positive积极的；C. embarrassing尴尬的；D. living活的。由上文“He was soon left　5　behind by his classmates, out of 　6　　and on the verge of giving up. ”可知，前文描述马克跑步被远远甩在后面，几乎要放弃，这种经历是尴尬的，所以他决定改变。故选C项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：马克开始每天晚上慢跑15分钟。A. walk步行；B. break休息；C. track轨道；D. jog慢跑。由下文“he gradually increased his running time”可知，他开始的运动是慢跑。故选D项。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始，他的腿感觉很酸，几分钟后就想放弃。A. sour酸的；B. hard困难的，坚硬的；C. ill生病的；D. heavy沉重的。由上文“Mark started by going for a 15-minute　　8　 every evening”以及根据常识，刚开始跑步时，腿会感觉酸痛的。故选A项。 10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着日子一天天变成了几周，他逐渐增加了跑步时间和速度。A. came over顺便来访；B. took down记下，取下；C. turned into变成；D. hunted for寻找。由下文“he gradually increased his running time”中gradually可知，此处表示时间的变化，日子一天天变成几周。故选C项。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着日子一天天变成了几周，他逐渐增加了跑步时间和速度。A. speed速度；B. rate比率；C. step步伐；D. pace节奏。由上文“he gradually increased his running time”以及语境可知，他坚持跑步，在增加跑步时间的同时，也会逐渐增加跑步速度。故选A项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他用水代替了苏打水，开始吃更多的水果和蔬菜。A. recovered恢复；B. replaced代替；C. produced生产；D. processed加工。由上文“Mark also began to eat healthier”可知，为了健康饮食，他用水代替苏打水，replace...with...“用…… 代替……”。故选B项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在课堂上能更好地集中注意力，成绩也提高了。A. grew生长；B. improved提高，改善；C. changed改变；D. strengthened加强。由上文“He could focus better in class”可知，他课堂上注意力更集中，所以成绩应该是提高了。故选B项。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在下一次体育课跑步时，他跑到了队伍中间，这让他的同学们大为惊讶。A. sadness悲伤；B. credit信用；C. surprise惊讶；D. relief宽慰。由上文“In the next PE class run, he finished in the middle of the pack”以上提到马克之前跑步很吃力，远远落后，现在能跑到队伍中间可知，这种变化会让同学们感到惊讶。故选C项。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次经历让马克明白，规律的锻炼和均衡的饮食真的有助于保持健康，无论是身体上还是精神上。A. tight紧的；B. tough艰难的；C. calm平静的；D. fit健康的。由上文“regular exercise and a balanced diet”以及语境可知，前文讲马克通过锻炼和健康饮食，身体和学习状态都变好，此处指这些可以帮助保持健康，keep fit“保持健康”。故选D项。 三、语法填空 （23-24高一下·山西大同·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Actress Jia Ling topped the social media topics on the second consecutive day of the Chinese Lunar New Year as her surprising weight loss of 50 kilograms during the shooting of her movie Yolo brought about heated discussions over healthy lifestyle and 1 (allow) some viewers to draw much 2 (inspire) from her tough weight-loss journey. Topics related to Jia’s surprising weight loss were dominating (主导) Weibo like “Jia Ling 3 (total) shocked me,” as netizens discussed whether it was time to develop a more 4 (balance) habit starting from the Spring Festival. “Her achievement is quite inspiring and it deserves (应得) a movie ticket,”said moviegoer Li 5 regularly visits the gym to lose weight. Jia noted that the movie is not about boxing or losing weight, 6 rather is a heart-warming story about “learning to love yourself.” 7 (finish) the filming of the movie, Jia had to increase her weight by 20 kilograms before starting to lose weight in only six months. However, not everyone agreed on Jia’s weight loss program. “Not everyone can manage to shoulder the burden (重担) of 8 (lose) 50 kilograms in just six months,” said Jiang, a fitness expert. “To lose weight 9 a healthy way, we need to set several reachable short-term 10 (goal). It would be better to work out a schedule and stick to it.” 【答案】 1．allowed 2．inspiration 3．totally 4．balanced 5．who/that 6．but 7．To finish 8．losing 9．in 10．goals 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了演员贾玲为她的新电影《热辣滚烫》成功减重50公斤后引发的社会反响。 1．考查动词时态。句意：女演员贾玲连续第二天登上社交媒体话题榜，她在拍摄电影《热辣滚烫》期间惊人地减掉了50公斤，引发了关于健康生活方式的热烈讨论，也让一些观众从她艰难的减肥之旅中获得了很多灵感。根据brought可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填allowed。 2．考查名词。句意：女演员贾玲连续第二天登上社交媒体话题榜，她在拍摄电影《热辣滚烫》期间惊人地减掉了50公斤，引发了关于健康生活方式的热烈讨论，也让一些观众从她艰难的减肥之旅中获得了很多灵感。根据much可知，空处应用不可数名词inspiration，作宾语。故填inspiration。 3．考查副词。句意：与贾玲惊人的减肥有关的话题在微博上占据了主导地位，比如“贾玲完全震惊了我”，网民们讨论是否应该从春节开始养成一个更平衡的习惯。修饰动词shocked应用副词。故填totally。 4．考查形容词。句意：贾玲惊人的减肥有关的话题在微博上占据了主导地位，比如“贾玲完全震惊了我”，网民们讨论是否应该从春节开始养成一个更平衡的习惯。修饰名词habit应用形容词。故填balanced。 5．考查定语从句。句意：经常去健身房减肥的影迷李说：“她的成就非常鼓舞人心，值得买一张电影票。” 空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是Li，指代人，用关系代词who或者that引导从句，作主语。故填who/that。 6．考查连词。句意：贾指出，这部电影不是关于拳击或减肥的，而是一个关于“学会爱自己”的暖心故事。not…but…“不是……而是……”为固定搭配。故填but。 7．考查动词不定式。句意：为了完成电影的拍摄，贾不得不增加20公斤的体重，然后在短短六个月内开始减肥。分析句子可知，空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。句首单词首字母应大写，故填To finish。 8．考查动名词。句意：健身专家蒋说：“不是每个人都能在6个月内承担减掉50公斤的重量。”根据前文of可知，空处应用动名词，作宾语。故填losing。 9．考查介词。句意：为了以健康的方式减肥，我们需要设定几个可实现的短期目标。in a…way“以……方式”为固定搭配。故填in。 10．考查名词复数。句意：为了以健康的方式减肥，我们需要设定几个可实现的短期目标。根据前文several可知，空处应用名词复数，作宾语。故填goals。 四、书信写作 （24-25高一上·湖南湘潭·期末）假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Tom告诉你，他最近因为缺乏锻炼而感到身体不适。请你给他回一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1.强调定期锻炼的好处； 2.提出具体的锻炼建议。 注意： 1.写作词数应为 80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Tom, I’m sorry to hear that you’ve been feeling unwell due to a lack of exercise. It’s so important for our health and well-being to keep moving! Regular exercise can boost our immune system, improve mood, and increase energy levels. I’d recommend starting with some light activities like walking or cycling, which are easy to add to your daily routine. Maybe we could start a morning jog together a few times a week. Alternatively, swimming or yoga could be great for flexibility and relaxation. Feel free to share your thoughts on what kind of exercise you might enjoy, and let’s get started on this journey to better health together. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外国朋友Tom回信，强调定期锻炼的好处以及提出具体的锻炼建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 因为：due to→because of 促进：boost→promote 重要的：important→crucial 想法：thought→opinion 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：It’s so important for our health and well-being to keep moving! Regular exercise can boost our immune system, improve mood, and increase energy levels. 拓展句：It’s so important for our health and well-being to keep moving, which can boost our immune system, improve mood, and increase energy levels. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m sorry to hear that you’ve been feeling unwell due to a lack of exercise. (运用了that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] I’d recommend starting with some light activities like walking or cycling, which are easy to add to your daily routine. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句) 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$