内容正文:
2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(北师大版2024)
Unit 1 Sports书面表达
必备知识清单
单元写作指导
一、写作主题
在英语学习过程中,书面表达是极为重要的一环,它能综合体现我们的语言运用能力。本次写作主题 “Write a survey report on sports”(撰写一份关于体育运动的调查报告),要求我们深入了解同学们对于不同体育运动的喜好、参与频率以及对体育运动的看法等。通过这样的写作任务,不仅能够锻炼我们收集和整理信息的能力,还能让我们学会用英语清晰、准确地描述调查结果,表达观点。
(一)主题内涵
此主题聚焦于体育运动,旨在通过调查的方式,了解特定群体(如班级同学、学校学生等)与体育相关的各种情况。我们需要确定调查的具体内容,比如大家最喜欢的运动项目、每周参与运动的次数、选择某项运动的原因等,然后对收集到的数据进行分析和总结,最后以书面报告的形式呈现出来。
(二)审题要点
明确调查对象:确定要调查的人群,例如是自己所在班级的同学,还是整个年级的学生等。如:“I surveyed all the students in my class about their sports habits.”(我调查了我班上所有学生的运动习惯。)
确定调查内容:思考要了解关于体育的哪些方面,像喜欢的运动、运动频率、运动时长等。如:“The survey mainly focuses on students' favorite sports and how often they do sports.”(这项调查主要关注学生们最喜欢的运动以及他们做运动的频率。)
注意报告格式:调查报告通常有一定的格式,一般包含引言(介绍调查的目的和对象)、主体(呈现调查结果,可分点阐述)和结论(总结调查发现,提出观点或建议)。如:“In the introduction part, I will explain why I carried out this survey.”(在引言部分,我将解释我为什么进行这项调查。)
二、写作框架
(一)整体结构框架
引言(Introduction):引出调查的主题,说明调查的对象和目的。
常用表达:“Recently, I conducted a survey among [调查对象] to find out about [调查主题].”(最近,我在 [调查对象] 中进行了一项调查,以了解 [调查主题]。)例如:“Recently, I conducted a survey among my classmates to find out about their favorite sports.”(最近,我在我的同学中进行了一项调查,以了解他们最喜欢的运动。)
主体(Body):详细阐述调查结果,可按照不同的调查内容进行分点描述。
描述喜欢的运动项目:“The results show that [运动项目 1] is the most popular among the students, with [X]% of them choosing it. Followed by [运动项目 2], which is liked by [X]% of the students.”(结果显示,[运动项目 1] 在学生中最受欢迎,有 [X]% 的学生选择它。其次是 [运动项目 2],有 [X]% 的学生喜欢。)例如:“The results show that basketball is the most popular among the students, with 40% of them choosing it. Followed by football, which is liked by 30% of the students.”(结果显示,篮球在学生中最受欢迎,有 40% 的学生选择它。其次是足球,有 30% 的学生喜欢。)
描述运动频率:“As for how often they do sports, [X]% of the students exercise every day, while [X]% of them do sports three to four times a week.”(至于他们做运动的频率,[X]% 的学生每天锻炼,而 [X]% 的学生每周锻炼三到四次。)例如:“As for how often they do sports, 25% of the students exercise every day, while 40% of them do sports three to four times a week.”(至于他们做运动的频率,25% 的学生每天锻炼,而 40% 的学生每周锻炼三到四次。)
结论(Conclusion):总结调查的主要发现,可适当提出建议或表达自己的看法。
总结发现:“In conclusion, it can be seen that most students are interested in sports, and different students have different preferences and frequencies of doing sports.”(总之,可以看出大多数学生对运动感兴趣,并且不同的学生有不同的喜好和运动频率。)
提出建议:“It is recommended that schools should provide more sports facilities to encourage students to do more sports.”(建议学校应该提供更多的体育设施来鼓励学生多做运动。)
(二)示例分析
1.引言部分
写作目的:吸引读者的注意力,让读者清楚了解调查的背景和意图。
写作思路:可以先提及体育运动在人们生活中的重要性,然后自然过渡到本次调查。如:
Sports play a crucial role in our daily lives. They not only keep us fit but also bring us a lot of fun. In order to know more about students' attitudes towards sports, I carried out this survey.(体育运动在我们的日常生活中起着至关重要的作用。它们不仅让我们保持健康,还为我们带来很多乐趣。为了更多地了解学生对体育运动的态度,我进行了这项调查。)
2.主体部分
写作目的:呈现具体的调查数据和信息,让读者对调查结果有清晰的认识。
写作思路:按照不同的调查项目(如喜欢的运动、运动频率、运动时长等)进行分类阐述。在描述时,要合理使用数据,如百分比、具体数字等,并且可以适当举例说明。例如,在描述喜欢的运动项目时:
The survey results are quite interesting. Among all the sports, badminton is very popular. About 35% of the students said they like playing badminton because it is easy to learn and can be played both indoors and outdoors. For example, my classmate Tom plays badminton with his friends every weekend in the park.(调查结果非常有趣。在所有运动中,羽毛球很受欢迎。大约 35% 的学生说他们喜欢打羽毛球,因为它容易学习,并且可以在室内和室外进行。例如,我的同学汤姆每个周末都和他的朋友在公园打羽毛球。)
3.结论部分
写作目的:对整个调查进行总结,强调主要发现,并可以从调查结果中得出一些有意义的结论或提出建议。
写作思路:回顾调查的重点内容,然后根据调查结果进行分析。如果发现大部分学生运动频率较低,可以建议学校或家长采取措施鼓励学生运动。如:
To sum up, although many students like sports, the frequency of their participation is not high enough. Therefore, it is necessary for schools to organize more sports activities and for parents to support their children to do sports regularly.(总之,虽然很多学生喜欢运动,但他们参与的频率还不够高。因此,学校有必要组织更多的体育活动,家长也应该支持他们的孩子定期运动。)
三、词汇句式
(一)词汇
1.运动项目
basketball(篮球):Basketball is a very exciting sport.(篮球是一项非常刺激的运动。)
football(足球):Many boys in our school like playing football.(我们学校很多男孩喜欢踢足球。)
volleyball(排球):Volleyball is a popular sport in our PE class.(排球在我们的体育课上是一项受欢迎的运动。)
tennis(网球):She started learning tennis when she was young.(她小时候就开始学习网球。)
badminton(羽毛球):Badminton is easy to play and suitable for people of all ages.(羽毛球容易打,适合各个年龄段的人。)
swimming(游泳):Swimming is a great way to cool off in summer.(游泳是夏天消暑的好方法。)
running(跑步):Running can improve our physical condition.(跑步可以改善我们的身体状况。)
cycling(骑自行车):Cycling is not only environmentally friendly but also a good form of exercise.(骑自行车不仅环保,也是一种很好的锻炼方式。)
hiking(徒步旅行):We often go hiking in the mountains on weekends.(我们周末经常去山里徒步旅行。)
skiing(滑雪):Skiing is a popular winter sport in some cold areas.(滑雪在一些寒冷地区是一项受欢迎的冬季运动。)
2.频率副词
always(总是):He always goes to the gym after school.(他放学后总是去健身房。)
usually(通常):I usually play basketball with my friends on Sundays.(我通常在星期天和我的朋友打篮球。)
often(经常):She often does yoga to keep fit.(她经常做瑜伽来保持健康。)
sometimes(有时):Sometimes we play table tennis during the break.(有时我们在课间打乒乓球。)
seldom(很少):He seldom exercises, so he is a little bit fat.(他很少锻炼,所以有点胖。)
never(从不):My little brother never plays football because he doesn't like it.(我弟弟从不踢足球,因为他不喜欢。)
3.描述感受
exciting(令人兴奋的):The football match was so exciting that everyone cheered loudly.(这场足球比赛非常令人兴奋,每个人都大声欢呼。)
interesting(有趣的):Doing sports is very interesting and it can bring us a lot of joy.(做运动非常有趣,它能给我们带来很多快乐。)
relaxing(令人放松的):Swimming makes me feel very relaxing after a busy day.(在忙碌的一天后游泳让我感觉非常放松。)
tiring(累人的):Running a long distance can be tiring but it's good for our health.(长跑可能会很累人,但对我们的健康有好处。)
boring(无聊的):He thinks playing badminton alone is boring.(他觉得独自打羽毛球很无聊。)
4.陈述原因
because(因为):I like running because it can make me energetic.(我喜欢跑步,因为它能让我精力充沛。)
because of(由于):Many students can't do sports often because of too much homework.(由于作业太多,很多学生不能经常做运动。)
reason(原因):The main reason for his love of basketball is that he wants to be a basketball star.(他喜欢篮球的主要原因是他想成为一名篮球明星。)
5.描述程度
very(非常):She is very good at playing volleyball.(她非常擅长打排球。)
quite(相当):The sports meeting was quite successful.(运动会相当成功。)
rather(相当):It's rather difficult for him to learn skiing.(对他来说学滑雪相当困难。)
extremely(极其):He is extremely interested in football.(他对足球极其感兴趣。)
a little(有点儿):I feel a little tired after playing basketball for an hour.(打了一个小时篮球后我觉得有点儿累。)
6.其他词汇
survey(调查):We did a survey about students' favorite sports.(我们做了一项关于学生最喜欢的运动的调查。)
result(结果):The result of the survey shows that most students like team sports.(调查结果显示大多数学生喜欢团队运动。)
participate(参与):All the students are encouraged to participate in sports activities.(鼓励所有学生参与体育活动。)
activity(活动):There are many sports activities in our school every year.(我们学校每年都有很多体育活动。)
facility(设施):Our school has excellent sports facilities.(我们学校有很棒的体育设施。)
health(健康):Doing sports is good for our health.(做运动对我们的健康有好处。)
fitness(健身):He goes to the gym regularly for fitness.(他为了健身定期去健身房。)
competition(比赛):We will have a basketball competition next week.(我们下周将有一场篮球比赛。)
teammate(队友):A good teammate is very important in a team sport.(在团队运动中一个好队友非常重要。)
coach(教练):The coach taught us some new skills in playing tennis.(教练教了我们一些打网球的新技巧。)
goal(目标):My goal is to win the first prize in the running race.(我的目标是在跑步比赛中赢得一等奖。)
record(记录):He broke the school record in the high jump.(他打破了学校跳高记录。)
champion(冠军):Our team became the champion in the volleyball match.(我们队在排球比赛中成为了冠军。)
equipment(装备):You need to buy some proper sports equipment before doing sports.(在做运动前你需要买一些合适的运动装备。)
benefit(益处):Doing sports has many benefits for our body and mind.(做运动对我们的身心有很多益处。)
improve(提高):Regular exercise can improve your physical ability.(定期锻炼可以提高你的身体能力。)
develop(培养):Playing team sports can help develop our teamwork spirit.(参加团队运动可以帮助培养我们的团队合作精神。)
skill(技能):Learning a new sport skill takes time and practice.(学习一项新的运动技能需要时间和练习。)
enthusiasm(热情):His enthusiasm for sports inspired all of us.(他对运动的热情激励了我们所有人。)
challenge(挑战):Climbing this high mountain is a great challenge for me.(攀登这座高山对我来说是一个巨大的挑战。)
energy(精力):Doing sports gives me more energy to study.(做运动给我更多精力学习。)
balance(平衡):We should keep a balance between study and sports.(我们应该在学习和运动之间保持平衡。)
schedule(日程安排):I need to make a schedule for my sports time.(我需要为我的运动时间制定一个日程安排。)
motivation(动力):Winning the game gave him a lot of motivation to keep practicing.(赢得比赛给了他很多继续练习的动力。)
encourage(鼓励):Parents should encourage their children to do more sports.(家长应该鼓励他们的孩子多做运动。)
support(支持):Our school always supports students' sports activities.(我们学校总是支持学生的体育活动。)
organize(组织):The student union will organize a sports meeting next month.(学生会下个月将组织一场运动会。)
popular(受欢迎的):Football is one of the most popular sports in the world.(足球是世界上最受欢迎的运动之一。)
favorite(最喜欢的):Basketball is my favorite sport.(篮球是我最喜欢的运动。)
prefer(更喜欢):I prefer cycling to running.(比起跑步我更喜欢骑自行车。)
choose(选择):Most students choose basketball as their favorite sport.(大多数学生选择篮球作为他们最喜欢的运动。)
join(加入):He joined the school football team last year.(他去年加入了学校足球队。)
attend(参加):All the students are required to attend the sports meeting.(所有学生都被要求参加运动会。)
perform(表现):He performed very well in the sports competition.(他在体育比赛中表现得非常好。)
score(得分):Our team scored three goals in the football match.(我们队在足球比赛中进了三个球。)
victory(胜利):We celebrated our victory in the basketball game.(我们庆祝了篮球比赛的胜利。)
defeat(失败):Although we suffered a defeat in the volleyball match, we will keep trying.(虽然我们在排球比赛中遭受了失败,但我们会继续努力。)
(二)句式
1.描述喜欢的运动
I like... very much.(我非常喜欢……)例如:I like swimming very much.(我非常喜欢游泳。)
My favorite sport is...(我最喜欢的运动是……)例如:My favorite sport is football.(我最喜欢的运动是足球。)
I enjoy doing...(我喜欢做……)例如:I enjoy playing badminton.(我喜欢打羽毛球。)
I am fond of...(我喜欢……)例如:I am fond of cycling.(我喜欢骑自行车。)
... is my favorite.(…… 是我的最爱。)例如:Tennis is my favorite.(网球是我的最爱。)
I prefer...(我更喜欢……)例如:I prefer running to jogging.(比起慢跑我更喜欢跑步。)
I have a great love for...(我非常热爱……)例如:I have a great love for basketball.(我非常热爱篮球。)
2.描述运动频率
I do sports... times a week/month/year.(我每周 / 每月 / 每年做…… 次运动。)例如:I do sports three times a week.(我每周做三次运动。)
I exercise... often.(我经常…… 锻炼。)例如:I exercise quite often.(我经常锻炼。)
I always/usually/often/sometimes/seldom/never do sports.(我总是 / 通常 / 经常 / 有时 / 很少 / 从不做运动。)例如:I usually play basketball on weekends.(我通常在周末打篮球。)
...% of the students do sports... times a week.(……% 的学生每周做…… 次运动。)例如:30% of the students do sports twice a week.(30% 的学生每周做两次运动。)
Most students exercise...(大多数学生锻炼……)例如:Most students exercise three times a week.(大多数学生每周锻炼三次。)
Only a few students do sports...(只有少数学生做运动……)例如:Only a few students do sports every day.(只有少数学生每天做运动。)
3.表达做运动的原因
I do sports because...(我做运动是因为……)例如:I do sports because it can make me strong.(我做运动是因为它能让我变强。)
The reason why I like... is that...(我喜欢…… 的原因是……)例如:The reason why I like swimming is that it can cool me down in summer.(我喜欢游泳的原因是它能在夏天让我凉快下来。)
Doing sports is good for... so I often do it.(做运动对…… 有好处,所以我经常做。)例如:Doing sports is good for my health so I often do it.(做运动对我的健康有好处,所以我经常做。)
I think doing... is helpful because...(我认为做…… 是有帮助的,因为……)例如:I think doing yoga is helpful because it can help me relax.(我认为做瑜伽是有帮助的,因为它能帮助我放松。)
In order to..., I often do sports.(为了……,我经常做运动。)例如:In order to keep fit, I often do sports.(为了保持健康,我经常做运动。)
4.描述调查结果
According to the survey,...(根据调查,……)例如:According to the survey, most students like team sports.(根据调查,大多数学生喜欢团队运动。)
The survey shows that...(调查显示……)例如:The survey shows that basketball is the most popular sport.(调查显示篮球是最受欢迎的运动。)
It is found that... in the survey.(在调查中发现……)例如:It is found that many students don't have enough time to do sports in the survey.(在调查中发现很多学生没有足够的时间做运动。)
From the survey results, we can see that...(从调查结果中,我们可以看出……)例如:From the survey results, we can see that students' favorite sports vary.(从调查结果中,我们可以看出学生们最喜欢的运动各不相同。)
A large number of students think that...(很多学生认为……)例如:A large number of students think that doing sports can improve their study efficiency.(很多学生认为做运动可以提高他们的学习效率。)
5.提出建议
It is suggested that...(建议……)例如:It is suggested that schools should add more PE classes.(建议学校增加更多的体育课。)
We should...(我们应该……)例如:We should spend more time doing sports.(我们应该花更多的时间做运动。)
It's a good idea to...(…… 是个好主意。)例如:It's a good idea to play sports with friends after school.(放学后和朋友一起做运动是个好主意。)
I advise... to...(我建议…… 去……)例如:I advise my classmates to do sports regularly.(我建议我的同学定期做运动。)
To..., we need to...(为了……,我们需要……)例如:To keep healthy, we need to do sports every day.(为了保持健康,我们需要每天做运动。)
6.表达观点
In my opinion,...(在我看来,……)例如:In my opinion, doing sports is good for both body and mind.(在我看来,做运动对身心都有好处。)
I think that...(我认为……)例如:I think that everyone should do some sports.(我认为每个人都应该做一些运动。)
As far as I am concerned,...(就我而言,……)例如:As far as I am concerned, team sports can help us learn teamwork.(就我而言,团队运动可以帮助我们学习团队合作。)
From my point of view,...(从我的角度来看,……)例如:From my point of view, swimming is the best sport in summer.(从我的角度来看,游泳是夏天最好的运动。)
I believe that...(我相信……)例如:I believe that doing sports can make our life more colorful.(我相信做运动可以让我们的生活更丰富多彩。)
7.其他常用句式
There are many kinds of sports, such as...(有很多种运动,例如……)例如:There are many kinds of sports, such as basketball, football and swimming.(有很多种运动,例如篮球、足球和游泳。)
Doing sports can help us...(做运动可以帮助我们……)例如:Doing sports can help us build up our bodies.(做运动可以帮助我们增强体质。)
Sports can bring us...(运动可以给我们带来……)例如:Sports can bring us happiness and friendship.(运动可以给我们带来快乐和友谊。)
More and more students begin to...(越来越多的学生开始……)例如:More and more students begin to pay attention to doing sports.(越来越多的学生开始关注做运动。)
It's important for us to...(对我们来说…… 是重要的。)例如:It's important for us to keep a balance between study and sports.(对我们来说在学习和运动之间保持平衡是重要的。)
We can... by doing sports.(通过做运动我们可以……)例如:We can make new friends by doing sports.(通过做运动我们可以交到新朋友。)
Different students have different...(不同的学生有不同的……)例如:Different students have different favorite sports.(不同的学生有不同的最喜欢的运动。)
The number of students who like... is...(喜欢…… 的学生数量是……)例如:The number of students who like football is 20.(喜欢足球的学生数量是 20。)
Compared with..., more students like...(与…… 相比,更多的学生喜欢……)例如:Compared with volleyball, more students like basketball.(与排球相比,更多的学生喜欢篮球。)
Doing sports regularly is a good habit that we should develop.(定期做运动是我们应该养成的好习惯。)
四、范文例析
Recently, I conducted a survey among 50 students in my class to find out about their sports habits.
The results show that basketball is the most popular, with 25 students liking it. Football is the second, loved by 15 students. As for how often they do sports, 10 students exercise every day, 25 do it three times a week, and 15 do it once a week.
In conclusion, most students like sports, but some don't exercise often. It's suggested that we should make a plan to do sports regularly.
【范文分析】
结构完整:范文包含了调查报告的三个主要部分 —— 引言、主体和结论。引言部分说明了调查的对象(50 students in my class)和目的(find out about their sports habits);主体部分清晰地呈现了调查结果,包括学生喜欢的运动项目及对应的人数,以及不同的运动频率和人数;结论部分总结了调查发现,并提出了建议。
内容简洁:用简洁的语言和具体的数据(如 25 students, 15 students 等)描述了调查结果,让读者能够快速了解核心信息,符合 100 词左右的要求。
语言准确:使用了本单元相关的词汇和句式,如 “conducted a survey”“the most popular”“As for”“It's suggested that” 等,语言表达准确规范。
逻辑清晰:从引出调查,到呈现结果,再到得出结论和提出建议,整个行文逻辑连贯,层次分明。
五、优化策略
丰富调查内容:在进行调查时,除了了解喜欢的运动项目和运动频率,还可以增加运动时长、做运动的场所、影响做运动的因素等内容,让调查结果更全面,报告更有深度。例如,在描述主体部分时,可以加入 “Most students do sports on the school playground, and 30% of them think that too much homework affects their sports time.”(大多数学生在学校操场做运动,30% 的学生认为作业太多影响他们的运动时间。)
合理运用数据呈现方式:除了使用具体数字,还可以适当运用百分比来呈现数据,使数据更直观。同时,在描述时可以进行对比,突出不同情况的差异。如 “40% of the students like team sports, while 60% prefer individual sports.”(40% 的学生喜欢团队运动,而 60% 的学生更喜欢个人运动。)
注重语言的多样性:在写作过程中,避免重复使用相同的词汇和句式,可以尝试运用同义词、同义短语或不同的句型结构来表达相同的意思,使文章更生动。例如,表达 “喜欢” 时,可以交替使用 “like”“enjoy”“be fond of” 等。
强化结论的针对性:结论部分不仅要总结调查发现,更要根据调查结果提出有针对性的建议。如果调查发现很多学生因为没有合适的运动伙伴而减少运动,可以建议学校组织更多的集体体育活动;如果是因为运动设施不足,则建议学校改善运动设施等。
注意细节描写:在描述调查结果时,可以适当加入一些具体的例子,让内容更生动具体。比如在描述喜欢篮球的原因时,可以举例说明 “Tom likes basketball because he thinks playing with teammates can strengthen friendship.”(汤姆喜欢篮球,因为他认为和队友一起玩可以增进友谊。)
检查语法和拼写错误:完成写作后,要仔细检查文章中的语法错误(如时态、主谓一致等)和拼写错误,确保语言表达准确无误。可以通过反复朗读的方式,发现一些不易察觉的错误。
核心知识回顾
调查报告中的数量表达中常用的句式结构
一、总体介绍调查
1.Here are the results of + 调查内容 + survey:用于开篇点明这是关于某方面调查的结果。例如:
Here are the results of the students’ after - class activity survey in our school.(这是我们学校学生课外活动调查的结果。)
Here are the results of the family income survey in this community.(这是这个社区家庭收入调查的结果。)
2.I / We did /made a survey about + 调查内容:说明进行了一项关于特定内容的调查。例如:
I did a survey about students’ favorite subjects last week.(上周我做了一项关于学生最喜欢学科的调查。)
We made a survey about people’s reading habits in the city.(我们对这个城市居民的阅读习惯做了一项调查。)
3.According to the survey we carried out...:表示 “根据我们所开展的调查……”,引出基于调查的相关内容。例如:
According to the survey we carried out among 200 students, most of them prefer online learning.(根据我们对 200 名学生开展的调查,他们中的大多数更喜欢在线学习。)
According to the survey we made, the majority of consumers care about product quality.(根据我们所做的调查,大多数消费者关注产品质量。)
二、描述具体数量或比例
1.数字 + of + 名词 + 动词:直接表明某数量的人或物做某事。例如:
Twenty of the students like playing basketball.(二十名学生喜欢打篮球。)
Fifty of the books in the library are about science.(图书馆里五十本书是关于科学方面的。)
2.基数词 + percent of + 名词 + 动词:用百分数描述比例,是调查报告中常见的表达。例如:
Sixty percent of the respondents support the new policy.(百分之六十的受访者支持新政策。)
Thirty - five percent of the families own a private car.(百分之三十五的家庭拥有私家车。)
3.分数 + of + 名词 + 动词:用分数体现部分与整体关系。例如:
One - third of the apples are rotten.(三分之一的苹果烂了。)
Two - fifths of the students in this class are good at English.(这个班五分之二的学生擅长英语。)
4.The number of + 可数名词复数 + is + 数字:表示 “…… 的数量是……”,强调数量的具体值。例如:
The number of students who participated in the competition is 150.(参加比赛的学生数量是 150 人。)
The number of cars sold this month is 200.(这个月售出汽车的数量是 200 辆。)
5.There be + 数量词 + 名词:表示 “有…… 数量的……”。例如:
There are about 50 trees in the park.(公园里大约有 50 棵树。)
There were 30 people at the meeting.(会议上有 30 人。)
6.比较级 + than + 数字 / 数量词:用于数量的比较。例如:
More than 80 students joined the club.(超过 80 名学生加入了这个俱乐部。)
Less than 20% of the people voted against the plan.(不到 20% 的人投票反对这个计划。)
三、表示频率的句式
1.主语 + 频度副词 + 动词:频度副词 always(总是),usually(通常),often(经常),sometimes(有时),hardly ever(几乎从不),never(从不),表明动作发生的频率。例如:
Most students usually do their homework after school.(大多数学生通常放学后做作业。)
Some students sometimes go to the library on weekends.(一些学生有时周末去图书馆。)
2.主语 + 动词 + 次数 + 时间单位:用具体次数和时间单位说明频率。例如:
They play football three times a week.(他们一周踢三次足球。)
She visits her grandparents once a month.(她每月看望一次祖父母。)
3.The frequency of + 名词 / 动名词 + is + 次数 + 时间单位:表示 “…… 的频率是……”。例如:
The frequency of his going to the gym is twice a week.(他去健身房的频率是一周两次。)
The frequency of traffic accidents in this area is once a month.(这个地区交通事故的发生频率是一个月一次。)
四、总结与结论
1.It is clear that...:“很明显……”,用于总结调查中清晰呈现的事实。例如:
It is clear that more students are interested in outdoor activities.(很明显,更多学生对户外活动感兴趣。)
It is clear that the majority of people prefer healthy food.(很明显,大多数人更喜欢健康食品。)
2.In conclusion, + 总结内容:“总之,……”,总结调查的主要内容或得出的结论。例如:
In conclusion, the survey shows that students’ study habits need to be improved.(总之,调查显示学生的学习习惯需要改进。)
In conclusion, most people think the environment protection measures are effective.(总之,大多数人认为环保措施是有效的。)
3.To sum up, + 总结内容:“总而言之,……”,同样用于总结调查整体情况。例如:
To sum up, the data indicates that there is a growing demand for online courses.(总而言之,数据表明对在线课程的需求在不断增长。)
To sum up, the results of this survey suggest that we should pay more attention to students’ mental health.(总而言之,这次调查结果表明我们应该更加关注学生的心理健康。)
综合实战演练
1.近些年各地中考越来越重视体育测试这一现象,并且长跑作为必考项目,为此,有些学生觉得不好。请根据以下表格提示用英语写一篇调查报告,并谈谈自己的看法。
Running on the school playground
Agree
Disagree
Your opinion
A good way to relax:
Keep healthy;
Help us study better…
A waste of time;
Feel sleepy in class;
Too tired …
…
注意:
1. 短文应包括表格中的全部信息,可以适当发挥;
2. 文中不得出现真实姓名、校名;
3. 词数不少于90,文章的开头已经给出,不计入总词数。
I did a survey about whether middle school students should run on the school playground every day. Here is the result.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.青少年缺乏锻炼引发社会关注,你校校刊对此话题正进行征稿,请根据以下信息完成一篇题为“A Report on Teenagers’ Exercise”的调查报告。
要求:
1. 词数:80—120词;
2. 文中不能出现自己的姓名和学校名称;
3. 开头已给出,不计入词数,可适当拓展。
A Report on Teenagers’ Exercise
Last week, we asked some students how often they did exercise. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3.积极锻炼很重要,为此,某班开展了一次关于本班同学锻炼情况的调查活动。请你根据下图和相关文字提示,以“Exercising is important!”为题,用英文写一篇80词左右的短文。
要点
具体内容
调查
数据
锻炼的意义
有益身体健康,运动使人快乐……。
你的建议
就如何更好地开展锻炼,提出你的建议(至少两点)。
注意:要求:
1.必须包含所提示的信息,可适当发挥,开头已给出,不计入总词数; 2.意思清楚,表达通顺,行文连贯,书写规范;
3.请勿在文中使用真实的姓名、校名及地名。
参考词汇:in one’s opinion (依某人的看法);spend;over ;less than(少于)
Exercising is important!
We have made a survey(调查) about students’ exercising. According to the survey,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
4.阳光体育,健康生活。为此,阳光中学的学生开展了一次关于初中生锻炼情况的调查活动。请你根据下表和相关文字提示,以“Let us exercise!”为题,用英语写一篇短文。
调查的情况
每天锻炼的时间
半小时以上
51%
半小时以内
44%
几乎不运动
5%
不常锻炼的原因
不擅长;不感兴趣;没时间
锻炼的意义
有益身心健康;……
你的建议
就如何更好地开展锻炼,提出你的建议(至少两条)。
注意:1. 短文必须包括所有要点,并适当发挥;
2. 文中不得出现真实的人名和校名;
3. 词数:80-100词(开头已给出,不计入总词数)。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5.健康是幸福的主要因素,锻炼是健康的重要保证。某英文报开展了一次关于初中生锻炼情况的调查活动。请你根据下列图表和相关文字提示,以“Exercising is important!”为题用英语写一篇短文。
调查数据
每天锻炼的时间
不常锻炼的原因
锻炼的意义
有益身体健康;保持思维敏锐;变得自信快乐。
你的建议
就如何更好地开展锻炼,提出你的建议(至少两点)。
注意:
1. 短文应包括所给内容要点,可适当发挥,使文章连贯;
2. 词数100左右,短文开头已给出,不计入总词数;
3. 文中不得出现可能透露考生真实身份的信息,如,真实姓名、学校等;
4. 参考词汇:敏锐的:sharp。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6.近年,有一些地区提出把游泳纳入中考的体育考试,并在学生中做了一次问卷调查。下面是一个学校的调查结果,请你根据调查情况写一篇英语短文阐明调查结果及表达自己的观点。
赞成的学生人数占:57%
不赞成的学生人数占:43%
理由:
1. 强身健体,预防疾病
2. 训练求生技能
3. 休闲娱乐,放松身心
理由:
1. 害怕水
2. 有危险性
3. 气温低时容易感冒
你的观点与理由?
要求:
1. 词数80左右。(文章的开头已给出,不计入词数)
2. 不得透露学校,姓名等个人信息,否则不予评分。
In recently years, some districts are planning to include swimming in the examination of physical education. And they made a survey about it in some schools, Here’s the result from one school.
7.你上周就你班同学的日常生活习惯进行了调查,以下表格为调查结果,请据此写一篇调查报告。词数:80左右。
Activities
How many students
How often
exercise
all
every day
eat fruit and drink milk
90%
every day
eat junk food
7%
three or four times a week
drink coffee
none
read
85%
every day
8.某英文杂志想了解中学生的运动喜好情况,通过征文的方式向大家做调查。请你根据下面的思维导图提示,以I love sports为题,写一篇英语短文,70词左右。
注意:1.短文必须包括以上内容。2. 表中右栏信息仅供参考,可自由发挥。3. 词数:70左右。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1.
I did a survey about whether middle school students should run on the school playground every day. Here is the result.
Different students have different ideas on it. Some students agree to run on the school playground because they think that it can help them feel more relaxed and become healthier. Besides, it can help them study better. However, some students disagree to run on the playground because they think it is a waste of time. They feel so tired after the running that they can’t concentrate on their study in class. They also feel sleepy in class.
In my opinion, having some proper running is benefit for our health. At the same time, it can relieve our pressure a lot, but it won’t be helpful if we have too much running.
【写作分析】
[总体分析]
① 题材:本文是一篇议论文,为材料作文;
② 时态:时态为“一般现在时”;
③ 提示:写作要点已经给出,考生注意不要遗漏要点;注意根据要点适当发挥,使得文章条理清晰、逻辑连贯。
[写作步骤]
第一步,开篇点题(已给出);
第二步,介绍赞同学生的观点;
第三步,介绍不赞同学生的看法;
第四步,表达自己的看法。
[亮点词汇]
① agree to do sth. 同意做某事
② a waste of time 浪费时间
③ concentrate on 集中注意力于
④ be benefit for 对……有益
[高分句型]
① Some students agree to run on the school playground because they think that it can help them feel more relaxed and become healthier. (because引导的原因状语从句)
② They feel so tired after the running that they can’t concentrate on their study in class.(so ... that引导结果状语从句)
③ it won’t be helpful if we have too much running.(if引导的条件状语从句)
2.
A Report on Teenagers’ Exercise
Last week, we asked some students how often they did exercise. Here are the results. We find that only twelve percent of students exercise every day. 36% of them exercise once a week. 52% of them exercise twice a week.
What’s the reason? The main reason is too much homework. Disliking sports is also one of the reasons. In order to solve these problems, two solutions can be considered. Firstly, the school should set up more sports clubs, provide students with a variety of choices. Secondly, the school can invite students’ parents to take part in the fun sports meeting, let students and their parents enjoy sports together.
Physical exercise is the best way for us to relax and keep healthy. So we should spend more time doing exercise.
【写作分析】
[总体分析]
①题材:本文是一篇应用文,为调查报告;
②时态:时态为“一般现在时”;
③提示:写作要点已给出,考生应注意要给出具体的解决方案。
[写作步骤]
第一步,表明写作意图。说明调查内容,分析图表数据;
第二步,具体阐述写作内容。分析原因并给出解决方案;
第三步,书写结语。强调体育锻炼的重要性。
[亮点词汇]
①the main reason 主要原因
②too much 太多、过多
③in order to 为了
④set up 建立
[高分句型]
①In order to solve these problems, two solutions can be considered.(含情态动词的被动语态)
②Physical exercise is the best way for us to relax and keep healthy.(不定式作目的状语)
3.
Exercising is important!
We have made a survey about students’ exercising. According to the survey, fifteen students spend over one hour every day doing exercise, while thirty-five students spend less than one hour. Here are some reasons. First, twenty-two students have too much homework, so they have no time to do exercise. Second, fifteen students are not good at exercise. Third, thirteen students are not interested in it.
As we know, exercising is good for our health. Exercising often can make us happy. What’s more, it can help us study better.
In my opinion, we should keep a balance between our study and exercising. Besides, we should develop a good habit of doing exercise.
【写作分析】
1.题干解读:题目要求根据表格内容以“Exercising is important!”为题,写一篇短文,简述关于本班同学锻炼情况的调查结果(包括每天锻炼的情况和不常锻炼的原因),简述锻炼的意义,并给出自己的建议。可适当发挥。
2.写作指导:写作时要以第三人称和第一人称相结合,时态主要采用一般现在时。可采用三段式:第一段简述调查结果;第二段简述锻炼的意义;第三段提出自己的建议。文章做到思路清晰,层次分明,要点齐全;行文要语句通顺,符合逻辑关系;无语法、单词拼写和标点错误。
4.
Let us exercise!
Recently, we have done a survey about students’ exercising. According to the survey, 51% of the students spend more than half an hour every day doing exercise, while 44% of them spend less than half an hour. And 5% hardly exercise at all. There are some reasons why students don't exercise often. Some of them have too much homework, so they have no time to do exercise. Some of them are not good at exercise. And others are not interested in it.
As we all know, exercising is good for our health. It can keep our minds sharp and make us confident and happy.
In my opinion, we should keep a balance between our study and exercising. Besides, we should develop a good habit of doing exercise.
【写作分析】
1.题干解读:题目要求根据表格内容以“Let us exercise!”为题,写一篇短文,简述关于初中生锻炼情况的调查结果(包括情况和不常锻炼的原因),简述锻炼的意义,并给出自己的建议。可适当发挥。
2.写作指导:写作时要以第三人称和第一人称相结合,时态主要采用一般现在时。可采用三段式:第一段简述调查结果;第二段简述锻炼的意义;第三段提出自己的建议。要做到无单词拼写和语法错误。
5.
Exercising is important!
Recently, we have done a survey about students’ exercising. According to the survey, 68% of the students spend less than one hour every day doing exercise, while 32% of them spend over one hour. The reasons are as follows: Firstly, 46% of them have too much homework, so they don’t have enough time to do exercise. Secondly, 29% of them are not good at exercise. Thirdly, 25% of them are not interested in it.
As we all know, exercising is good for our health, which keeps our minds sharp and makes us relax and happy.
In my opinion, we should keep a balance between our study and exercising. Besides, we should develop a good habit of doing exercise.
【写作分析】
1.题干解读:本文是一篇材料作文。要求以Exercising is important!为题,根据提示内容进行写作,注意要点齐全,可适当发挥。
2.写作指导:写作时主要以第三人称来行文,时态用一般现在时。作文可分为三段,第一段介绍调查的结果;第二段叙述锻炼的意义;第三段给出建议。要保证语言连贯,无语法和拼写错误。
6.In recently years, some districts are planning to include swimming in the examination of physical education. And they made a survey about it in some schools. Here’s the result from one school.
About 57 per cent students like to have swimming lessons at school. Because it can help build up our body and guide against (prevent) illness. Besides, swimming is a survival skill when we face some natural disasters. It is also a good choice to go swimming lo relax ourselves when we are free.
However, 43 percent students are against this plan for some reasons. First, some of them are afraid of getting in the water. Second, it may be dangerous because we may drown. Then, when it is cold, we may catch a cold.
In my opinion, it’s a good idea lo have swimming lessons. I can improve my health, and relax myself after classes as well.
(In my opinion, it’s not a good way to have swimming lessons at school. Because it’s expensive to build a swimming pool, and sometimes it’s difficult to keep the water clean because there are many students at school.)
【写作分析】
本文是一篇材料作文,根据所给材料,阐明关于“把游泳纳入中考体育考试”的两种不同观点,而且最后还要表达出自己的观点,所以文章主要用一般现在时。文章分为三个部分,第一部分,首先引出本文话题,并用Here’s the result from one school.起到承上启下的作用, 引出调查结果;第二部分分别阐述两种不同观点About 57 per cent students like to have swimming lessons at school. Because….; However, 43 percent students are against this plan for some reasons.最后提出自己的观点并进行总结In my opinion…。注意阐明观点列举理由时,要注意条理性,比如用到表示次序先后的词first, second, then;或者句型It can…… It also can…..,besides…..等;本文内容完整,写作条理清晰,语言表达准确,是一篇不错的文章。
7.
I asked my classmates about their living and eating habits last week.Here are the results.
All of the students exercise every day.It's good for our health.Ninety percent of the students eat fruit and drink milk every day.It's a good habit.Seven percent of the students eat junk food three or four times a week.It's bad for our health.No students drink coffee.Eightyfive percent of the students read every day.That's a good habit, too.
【写作分析】
本题是一篇材料作文,写一篇调查报告。要把表格里所列内容都表述到文章中。注意人称,词形的变化。以及时态的变化。还有单数的变化。适当增加一些衔接词,使文章出彩。
8.
I love sports
I think it’s very important for everyone to do sports. I like sports because they not only help us to keep healthy but also help us to relax. I like many sports, such as running, jumping, football, basketball and so on. My favorite sport is football. I play football with my friend on the playground after school twice a week. We play for an hour at a time. I feel relaxed and happy after playing football. Let’s do sports, and we will be stronger and healthier.
【写作分析】
1. 题干解读:文章属于材料作文,主要是介绍自己喜欢的运动,内容按照题目中所给的导图进行写作,也可以适当的发挥,写作时要运用正确的英语表达,要选用恰当的词汇和短语。
2. 写作指导:文章主要用一般现在时,人称用第一人称展开描述。主要是介绍自己喜欢的运动,包括运动的好处、最喜爱的运动以及运动的频率等。写作时语言要简单易懂,文章结构要完整,多使用简单词语表达,意思要通俗易懂。
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2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(北师大版2024)
Unit 1 Sports书面表达
必备知识清单
单元写作指导
一、写作主题
在英语学习过程中,书面表达是极为重要的一环,它能综合体现我们的语言运用能力。本次写作主题 “Write a survey report on sports”(撰写一份关于体育运动的调查报告),要求我们深入了解同学们对于不同体育运动的喜好、参与频率以及对体育运动的看法等。通过这样的写作任务,不仅能够锻炼我们收集和整理信息的能力,还能让我们学会用英语清晰、准确地描述调查结果,表达观点。
(一)主题内涵
此主题聚焦于体育运动,旨在通过调查的方式,了解特定群体(如班级同学、学校学生等)与体育相关的各种情况。我们需要确定调查的具体内容,比如大家最喜欢的运动项目、每周参与运动的次数、选择某项运动的原因等,然后对收集到的数据进行分析和总结,最后以书面报告的形式呈现出来。
(二)审题要点
明确调查对象:确定要调查的人群,例如是自己所在班级的同学,还是整个年级的学生等。如:“I surveyed all the students in my class about their sports habits.”(我调查了我班上所有学生的运动习惯。)
确定调查内容:思考要了解关于体育的哪些方面,像喜欢的运动、运动频率、运动时长等。如:“The survey mainly focuses on students' favorite sports and how often they do sports.”(这项调查主要关注学生们最喜欢的运动以及他们做运动的频率。)
注意报告格式:调查报告通常有一定的格式,一般包含引言(介绍调查的目的和对象)、主体(呈现调查结果,可分点阐述)和结论(总结调查发现,提出观点或建议)。如:“In the introduction part, I will explain why I carried out this survey.”(在引言部分,我将解释我为什么进行这项调查。)
二、写作框架
(一)整体结构框架
引言(Introduction):引出调查的主题,说明调查的对象和目的。
常用表达:“Recently, I conducted a survey among [调查对象] to find out about [调查主题].”(最近,我在 [调查对象] 中进行了一项调查,以了解 [调查主题]。)例如:“Recently, I conducted a survey among my classmates to find out about their favorite sports.”(最近,我在我的同学中进行了一项调查,以了解他们最喜欢的运动。)
主体(Body):详细阐述调查结果,可按照不同的调查内容进行分点描述。
描述喜欢的运动项目:“The results show that [运动项目 1] is the most popular among the students, with [X]% of them choosing it. Followed by [运动项目 2], which is liked by [X]% of the students.”(结果显示,[运动项目 1] 在学生中最受欢迎,有 [X]% 的学生选择它。其次是 [运动项目 2],有 [X]% 的学生喜欢。)例如:“The results show that basketball is the most popular among the students, with 40% of them choosing it. Followed by football, which is liked by 30% of the students.”(结果显示,篮球在学生中最受欢迎,有 40% 的学生选择它。其次是足球,有 30% 的学生喜欢。)
描述运动频率:“As for how often they do sports, [X]% of the students exercise every day, while [X]% of them do sports three to four times a week.”(至于他们做运动的频率,[X]% 的学生每天锻炼,而 [X]% 的学生每周锻炼三到四次。)例如:“As for how often they do sports, 25% of the students exercise every day, while 40% of them do sports three to four times a week.”(至于他们做运动的频率,25% 的学生每天锻炼,而 40% 的学生每周锻炼三到四次。)
结论(Conclusion):总结调查的主要发现,可适当提出建议或表达自己的看法。
总结发现:“In conclusion, it can be seen that most students are interested in sports, and different students have different preferences and frequencies of doing sports.”(总之,可以看出大多数学生对运动感兴趣,并且不同的学生有不同的喜好和运动频率。)
提出建议:“It is recommended that schools should provide more sports facilities to encourage students to do more sports.”(建议学校应该提供更多的体育设施来鼓励学生多做运动。)
(二)示例分析
1.引言部分
写作目的:吸引读者的注意力,让读者清楚了解调查的背景和意图。
写作思路:可以先提及体育运动在人们生活中的重要性,然后自然过渡到本次调查。如:
Sports play a crucial role in our daily lives. They not only keep us fit but also bring us a lot of fun. In order to know more about students' attitudes towards sports, I carried out this survey.(体育运动在我们的日常生活中起着至关重要的作用。它们不仅让我们保持健康,还为我们带来很多乐趣。为了更多地了解学生对体育运动的态度,我进行了这项调查。)
2.主体部分
写作目的:呈现具体的调查数据和信息,让读者对调查结果有清晰的认识。
写作思路:按照不同的调查项目(如喜欢的运动、运动频率、运动时长等)进行分类阐述。在描述时,要合理使用数据,如百分比、具体数字等,并且可以适当举例说明。例如,在描述喜欢的运动项目时:
The survey results are quite interesting. Among all the sports, badminton is very popular. About 35% of the students said they like playing badminton because it is easy to learn and can be played both indoors and outdoors. For example, my classmate Tom plays badminton with his friends every weekend in the park.(调查结果非常有趣。在所有运动中,羽毛球很受欢迎。大约 35% 的学生说他们喜欢打羽毛球,因为它容易学习,并且可以在室内和室外进行。例如,我的同学汤姆每个周末都和他的朋友在公园打羽毛球。)
3.结论部分
写作目的:对整个调查进行总结,强调主要发现,并可以从调查结果中得出一些有意义的结论或提出建议。
写作思路:回顾调查的重点内容,然后根据调查结果进行分析。如果发现大部分学生运动频率较低,可以建议学校或家长采取措施鼓励学生运动。如:
To sum up, although many students like sports, the frequency of their participation is not high enough. Therefore, it is necessary for schools to organize more sports activities and for parents to support their children to do sports regularly.(总之,虽然很多学生喜欢运动,但他们参与的频率还不够高。因此,学校有必要组织更多的体育活动,家长也应该支持他们的孩子定期运动。)
三、词汇句式
(一)词汇
1.运动项目
basketball(篮球):Basketball is a very exciting sport.(篮球是一项非常刺激的运动。)
football(足球):Many boys in our school like playing football.(我们学校很多男孩喜欢踢足球。)
volleyball(排球):Volleyball is a popular sport in our PE class.(排球在我们的体育课上是一项受欢迎的运动。)
tennis(网球):She started learning tennis when she was young.(她小时候就开始学习网球。)
badminton(羽毛球):Badminton is easy to play and suitable for people of all ages.(羽毛球容易打,适合各个年龄段的人。)
swimming(游泳):Swimming is a great way to cool off in summer.(游泳是夏天消暑的好方法。)
running(跑步):Running can improve our physical condition.(跑步可以改善我们的身体状况。)
cycling(骑自行车):Cycling is not only environmentally friendly but also a good form of exercise.(骑自行车不仅环保,也是一种很好的锻炼方式。)
hiking(徒步旅行):We often go hiking in the mountains on weekends.(我们周末经常去山里徒步旅行。)
skiing(滑雪):Skiing is a popular winter sport in some cold areas.(滑雪在一些寒冷地区是一项受欢迎的冬季运动。)
2.频率副词
always(总是):He always goes to the gym after school.(他放学后总是去健身房。)
usually(通常):I usually play basketball with my friends on Sundays.(我通常在星期天和我的朋友打篮球。)
often(经常):She often does yoga to keep fit.(她经常做瑜伽来保持健康。)
sometimes(有时):Sometimes we play table tennis during the break.(有时我们在课间打乒乓球。)
seldom(很少):He seldom exercises, so he is a little bit fat.(他很少锻炼,所以有点胖。)
never(从不):My little brother never plays football because he doesn't like it.(我弟弟从不踢足球,因为他不喜欢。)
3.描述感受
exciting(令人兴奋的):The football match was so exciting that everyone cheered loudly.(这场足球比赛非常令人兴奋,每个人都大声欢呼。)
interesting(有趣的):Doing sports is very interesting and it can bring us a lot of joy.(做运动非常有趣,它能给我们带来很多快乐。)
relaxing(令人放松的):Swimming makes me feel very relaxing after a busy day.(在忙碌的一天后游泳让我感觉非常放松。)
tiring(累人的):Running a long distance can be tiring but it's good for our health.(长跑可能会很累人,但对我们的健康有好处。)
boring(无聊的):He thinks playing badminton alone is boring.(他觉得独自打羽毛球很无聊。)
4.陈述原因
because(因为):I like running because it can make me energetic.(我喜欢跑步,因为它能让我精力充沛。)
because of(由于):Many students can't do sports often because of too much homework.(由于作业太多,很多学生不能经常做运动。)
reason(原因):The main reason for his love of basketball is that he wants to be a basketball star.(他喜欢篮球的主要原因是他想成为一名篮球明星。)
5.描述程度
very(非常):She is very good at playing volleyball.(她非常擅长打排球。)
quite(相当):The sports meeting was quite successful.(运动会相当成功。)
rather(相当):It's rather difficult for him to learn skiing.(对他来说学滑雪相当困难。)
extremely(极其):He is extremely interested in football.(他对足球极其感兴趣。)
a little(有点儿):I feel a little tired after playing basketball for an hour.(打了一个小时篮球后我觉得有点儿累。)
6.其他词汇
survey(调查):We did a survey about students' favorite sports.(我们做了一项关于学生最喜欢的运动的调查。)
result(结果):The result of the survey shows that most students like team sports.(调查结果显示大多数学生喜欢团队运动。)
participate(参与):All the students are encouraged to participate in sports activities.(鼓励所有学生参与体育活动。)
activity(活动):There are many sports activities in our school every year.(我们学校每年都有很多体育活动。)
facility(设施):Our school has excellent sports facilities.(我们学校有很棒的体育设施。)
health(健康):Doing sports is good for our health.(做运动对我们的健康有好处。)
fitness(健身):He goes to the gym regularly for fitness.(他为了健身定期去健身房。)
competition(比赛):We will have a basketball competition next week.(我们下周将有一场篮球比赛。)
teammate(队友):A good teammate is very important in a team sport.(在团队运动中一个好队友非常重要。)
coach(教练):The coach taught us some new skills in playing tennis.(教练教了我们一些打网球的新技巧。)
goal(目标):My goal is to win the first prize in the running race.(我的目标是在跑步比赛中赢得一等奖。)
record(记录):He broke the school record in the high jump.(他打破了学校跳高记录。)
champion(冠军):Our team became the champion in the volleyball match.(我们队在排球比赛中成为了冠军。)
equipment(装备):You need to buy some proper sports equipment before doing sports.(在做运动前你需要买一些合适的运动装备。)
benefit(益处):Doing sports has many benefits for our body and mind.(做运动对我们的身心有很多益处。)
improve(提高):Regular exercise can improve your physical ability.(定期锻炼可以提高你的身体能力。)
develop(培养):Playing team sports can help develop our teamwork spirit.(参加团队运动可以帮助培养我们的团队合作精神。)
skill(技能):Learning a new sport skill takes time and practice.(学习一项新的运动技能需要时间和练习。)
enthusiasm(热情):His enthusiasm for sports inspired all of us.(他对运动的热情激励了我们所有人。)
challenge(挑战):Climbing this high mountain is a great challenge for me.(攀登这座高山对我来说是一个巨大的挑战。)
energy(精力):Doing sports gives me more energy to study.(做运动给我更多精力学习。)
balance(平衡):We should keep a balance between study and sports.(我们应该在学习和运动之间保持平衡。)
schedule(日程安排):I need to make a schedule for my sports time.(我需要为我的运动时间制定一个日程安排。)
motivation(动力):Winning the game gave him a lot of motivation to keep practicing.(赢得比赛给了他很多继续练习的动力。)
encourage(鼓励):Parents should encourage their children to do more sports.(家长应该鼓励他们的孩子多做运动。)
support(支持):Our school always supports students' sports activities.(我们学校总是支持学生的体育活动。)
organize(组织):The student union will organize a sports meeting next month.(学生会下个月将组织一场运动会。)
popular(受欢迎的):Football is one of the most popular sports in the world.(足球是世界上最受欢迎的运动之一。)
favorite(最喜欢的):Basketball is my favorite sport.(篮球是我最喜欢的运动。)
prefer(更喜欢):I prefer cycling to running.(比起跑步我更喜欢骑自行车。)
choose(选择):Most students choose basketball as their favorite sport.(大多数学生选择篮球作为他们最喜欢的运动。)
join(加入):He joined the school football team last year.(他去年加入了学校足球队。)
attend(参加):All the students are required to attend the sports meeting.(所有学生都被要求参加运动会。)
perform(表现):He performed very well in the sports competition.(他在体育比赛中表现得非常好。)
score(得分):Our team scored three goals in the football match.(我们队在足球比赛中进了三个球。)
victory(胜利):We celebrated our victory in the basketball game.(我们庆祝了篮球比赛的胜利。)
defeat(失败):Although we suffered a defeat in the volleyball match, we will keep trying.(虽然我们在排球比赛中遭受了失败,但我们会继续努力。)
(二)句式
1.描述喜欢的运动
I like... very much.(我非常喜欢……)例如:I like swimming very much.(我非常喜欢游泳。)
My favorite sport is...(我最喜欢的运动是……)例如:My favorite sport is football.(我最喜欢的运动是足球。)
I enjoy doing...(我喜欢做……)例如:I enjoy playing badminton.(我喜欢打羽毛球。)
I am fond of...(我喜欢……)例如:I am fond of cycling.(我喜欢骑自行车。)
... is my favorite.(…… 是我的最爱。)例如:Tennis is my favorite.(网球是我的最爱。)
I prefer...(我更喜欢……)例如:I prefer running to jogging.(比起慢跑我更喜欢跑步。)
I have a great love for...(我非常热爱……)例如:I have a great love for basketball.(我非常热爱篮球。)
2.描述运动频率
I do sports... times a week/month/year.(我每周 / 每月 / 每年做…… 次运动。)例如:I do sports three times a week.(我每周做三次运动。)
I exercise... often.(我经常…… 锻炼。)例如:I exercise quite often.(我经常锻炼。)
I always/usually/often/sometimes/seldom/never do sports.(我总是 / 通常 / 经常 / 有时 / 很少 / 从不做运动。)例如:I usually play basketball on weekends.(我通常在周末打篮球。)
...% of the students do sports... times a week.(……% 的学生每周做…… 次运动。)例如:30% of the students do sports twice a week.(30% 的学生每周做两次运动。)
Most students exercise...(大多数学生锻炼……)例如:Most students exercise three times a week.(大多数学生每周锻炼三次。)
Only a few students do sports...(只有少数学生做运动……)例如:Only a few students do sports every day.(只有少数学生每天做运动。)
3.表达做运动的原因
I do sports because...(我做运动是因为……)例如:I do sports because it can make me strong.(我做运动是因为它能让我变强。)
The reason why I like... is that...(我喜欢…… 的原因是……)例如:The reason why I like swimming is that it can cool me down in summer.(我喜欢游泳的原因是它能在夏天让我凉快下来。)
Doing sports is good for... so I often do it.(做运动对…… 有好处,所以我经常做。)例如:Doing sports is good for my health so I often do it.(做运动对我的健康有好处,所以我经常做。)
I think doing... is helpful because...(我认为做…… 是有帮助的,因为……)例如:I think doing yoga is helpful because it can help me relax.(我认为做瑜伽是有帮助的,因为它能帮助我放松。)
In order to..., I often do sports.(为了……,我经常做运动。)例如:In order to keep fit, I often do sports.(为了保持健康,我经常做运动。)
4.描述调查结果
According to the survey,...(根据调查,……)例如:According to the survey, most students like team sports.(根据调查,大多数学生喜欢团队运动。)
The survey shows that...(调查显示……)例如:The survey shows that basketball is the most popular sport.(调查显示篮球是最受欢迎的运动。)
It is found that... in the survey.(在调查中发现……)例如:It is found that many students don't have enough time to do sports in the survey.(在调查中发现很多学生没有足够的时间做运动。)
From the survey results, we can see that...(从调查结果中,我们可以看出……)例如:From the survey results, we can see that students' favorite sports vary.(从调查结果中,我们可以看出学生们最喜欢的运动各不相同。)
A large number of students think that...(很多学生认为……)例如:A large number of students think that doing sports can improve their study efficiency.(很多学生认为做运动可以提高他们的学习效率。)
5.提出建议
It is suggested that...(建议……)例如:It is suggested that schools should add more PE classes.(建议学校增加更多的体育课。)
We should...(我们应该……)例如:We should spend more time doing sports.(我们应该花更多的时间做运动。)
It's a good idea to...(…… 是个好主意。)例如:It's a good idea to play sports with friends after school.(放学后和朋友一起做运动是个好主意。)
I advise... to...(我建议…… 去……)例如:I advise my classmates to do sports regularly.(我建议我的同学定期做运动。)
To..., we need to...(为了……,我们需要……)例如:To keep healthy, we need to do sports every day.(为了保持健康,我们需要每天做运动。)
6.表达观点
In my opinion,...(在我看来,……)例如:In my opinion, doing sports is good for both body and mind.(在我看来,做运动对身心都有好处。)
I think that...(我认为……)例如:I think that everyone should do some sports.(我认为每个人都应该做一些运动。)
As far as I am concerned,...(就我而言,……)例如:As far as I am concerned, team sports can help us learn teamwork.(就我而言,团队运动可以帮助我们学习团队合作。)
From my point of view,...(从我的角度来看,……)例如:From my point of view, swimming is the best sport in summer.(从我的角度来看,游泳是夏天最好的运动。)
I believe that...(我相信……)例如:I believe that doing sports can make our life more colorful.(我相信做运动可以让我们的生活更丰富多彩。)
7.其他常用句式
There are many kinds of sports, such as...(有很多种运动,例如……)例如:There are many kinds of sports, such as basketball, football and swimming.(有很多种运动,例如篮球、足球和游泳。)
Doing sports can help us...(做运动可以帮助我们……)例如:Doing sports can help us build up our bodies.(做运动可以帮助我们增强体质。)
Sports can bring us...(运动可以给我们带来……)例如:Sports can bring us happiness and friendship.(运动可以给我们带来快乐和友谊。)
More and more students begin to...(越来越多的学生开始……)例如:More and more students begin to pay attention to doing sports.(越来越多的学生开始关注做运动。)
It's important for us to...(对我们来说…… 是重要的。)例如:It's important for us to keep a balance between study and sports.(对我们来说在学习和运动之间保持平衡是重要的。)
We can... by doing sports.(通过做运动我们可以……)例如:We can make new friends by doing sports.(通过做运动我们可以交到新朋友。)
Different students have different...(不同的学生有不同的……)例如:Different students have different favorite sports.(不同的学生有不同的最喜欢的运动。)
The number of students who like... is...(喜欢…… 的学生数量是……)例如:The number of students who like football is 20.(喜欢足球的学生数量是 20。)
Compared with..., more students like...(与…… 相比,更多的学生喜欢……)例如:Compared with volleyball, more students like basketball.(与排球相比,更多的学生喜欢篮球。)
Doing sports regularly is a good habit that we should develop.(定期做运动是我们应该养成的好习惯。)
四、范文例析
Recently, I conducted a survey among 50 students in my class to find out about their sports habits.
The results show that basketball is the most popular, with 25 students liking it. Football is the second, loved by 15 students. As for how often they do sports, 10 students exercise every day, 25 do it three times a week, and 15 do it once a week.
In conclusion, most students like sports, but some don't exercise often. It's suggested that we should make a plan to do sports regularly.
【范文分析】
结构完整:范文包含了调查报告的三个主要部分 —— 引言、主体和结论。引言部分说明了调查的对象(50 students in my class)和目的(find out about their sports habits);主体部分清晰地呈现了调查结果,包括学生喜欢的运动项目及对应的人数,以及不同的运动频率和人数;结论部分总结了调查发现,并提出了建议。
内容简洁:用简洁的语言和具体的数据(如 25 students, 15 students 等)描述了调查结果,让读者能够快速了解核心信息,符合 100 词左右的要求。
语言准确:使用了本单元相关的词汇和句式,如 “conducted a survey”“the most popular”“As for”“It's suggested that” 等,语言表达准确规范。
逻辑清晰:从引出调查,到呈现结果,再到得出结论和提出建议,整个行文逻辑连贯,层次分明。
五、优化策略
丰富调查内容:在进行调查时,除了了解喜欢的运动项目和运动频率,还可以增加运动时长、做运动的场所、影响做运动的因素等内容,让调查结果更全面,报告更有深度。例如,在描述主体部分时,可以加入 “Most students do sports on the school playground, and 30% of them think that too much homework affects their sports time.”(大多数学生在学校操场做运动,30% 的学生认为作业太多影响他们的运动时间。)
合理运用数据呈现方式:除了使用具体数字,还可以适当运用百分比来呈现数据,使数据更直观。同时,在描述时可以进行对比,突出不同情况的差异。如 “40% of the students like team sports, while 60% prefer individual sports.”(40% 的学生喜欢团队运动,而 60% 的学生更喜欢个人运动。)
注重语言的多样性:在写作过程中,避免重复使用相同的词汇和句式,可以尝试运用同义词、同义短语或不同的句型结构来表达相同的意思,使文章更生动。例如,表达 “喜欢” 时,可以交替使用 “like”“enjoy”“be fond of” 等。
强化结论的针对性:结论部分不仅要总结调查发现,更要根据调查结果提出有针对性的建议。如果调查发现很多学生因为没有合适的运动伙伴而减少运动,可以建议学校组织更多的集体体育活动;如果是因为运动设施不足,则建议学校改善运动设施等。
注意细节描写:在描述调查结果时,可以适当加入一些具体的例子,让内容更生动具体。比如在描述喜欢篮球的原因时,可以举例说明 “Tom likes basketball because he thinks playing with teammates can strengthen friendship.”(汤姆喜欢篮球,因为他认为和队友一起玩可以增进友谊。)
检查语法和拼写错误:完成写作后,要仔细检查文章中的语法错误(如时态、主谓一致等)和拼写错误,确保语言表达准确无误。可以通过反复朗读的方式,发现一些不易察觉的错误。
核心知识回顾
调查报告中的数量表达中常用的句式结构
一、总体介绍调查
1.Here are the results of + 调查内容 + survey:用于开篇点明这是关于某方面调查的结果。例如:
Here are the results of the students’ after - class activity survey in our school.(这是我们学校学生课外活动调查的结果。)
Here are the results of the family income survey in this community.(这是这个社区家庭收入调查的结果。)
2.I / We did /made a survey about + 调查内容:说明进行了一项关于特定内容的调查。例如:
I did a survey about students’ favorite subjects last week.(上周我做了一项关于学生最喜欢学科的调查。)
We made a survey about people’s reading habits in the city.(我们对这个城市居民的阅读习惯做了一项调查。)
3.According to the survey we carried out...:表示 “根据我们所开展的调查……”,引出基于调查的相关内容。例如:
According to the survey we carried out among 200 students, most of them prefer online learning.(根据我们对 200 名学生开展的调查,他们中的大多数更喜欢在线学习。)
According to the survey we made, the majority of consumers care about product quality.(根据我们所做的调查,大多数消费者关注产品质量。)
二、描述具体数量或比例
1.数字 + of + 名词 + 动词:直接表明某数量的人或物做某事。例如:
Twenty of the students like playing basketball.(二十名学生喜欢打篮球。)
Fifty of the books in the library are about science.(图书馆里五十本书是关于科学方面的。)
2.基数词 + percent of + 名词 + 动词:用百分数描述比例,是调查报告中常见的表达。例如:
Sixty percent of the respondents support the new policy.(百分之六十的受访者支持新政策。)
Thirty - five percent of the families own a private car.(百分之三十五的家庭拥有私家车。)
3.分数 + of + 名词 + 动词:用分数体现部分与整体关系。例如:
One - third of the apples are rotten.(三分之一的苹果烂了。)
Two - fifths of the students in this class are good at English.(这个班五分之二的学生擅长英语。)
4.The number of + 可数名词复数 + is + 数字:表示 “…… 的数量是……”,强调数量的具体值。例如:
The number of students who participated in the competition is 150.(参加比赛的学生数量是 150 人。)
The number of cars sold this month is 200.(这个月售出汽车的数量是 200 辆。)
5.There be + 数量词 + 名词:表示 “有…… 数量的……”。例如:
There are about 50 trees in the park.(公园里大约有 50 棵树。)
There were 30 people at the meeting.(会议上有 30 人。)
6.比较级 + than + 数字 / 数量词:用于数量的比较。例如:
More than 80 students joined the club.(超过 80 名学生加入了这个俱乐部。)
Less than 20% of the people voted against the plan.(不到 20% 的人投票反对这个计划。)
三、表示频率的句式
1.主语 + 频度副词 + 动词:频度副词 always(总是),usually(通常),often(经常),sometimes(有时),hardly ever(几乎从不),never(从不),表明动作发生的频率。例如:
Most students usually do their homework after school.(大多数学生通常放学后做作业。)
Some students sometimes go to the library on weekends.(一些学生有时周末去图书馆。)
2.主语 + 动词 + 次数 + 时间单位:用具体次数和时间单位说明频率。例如:
They play football three times a week.(他们一周踢三次足球。)
She visits her grandparents once a month.(她每月看望一次祖父母。)
3.The frequency of + 名词 / 动名词 + is + 次数 + 时间单位:表示 “…… 的频率是……”。例如:
The frequency of his going to the gym is twice a week.(他去健身房的频率是一周两次。)
The frequency of traffic accidents in this area is once a month.(这个地区交通事故的发生频率是一个月一次。)
四、总结与结论
1.It is clear that...:“很明显……”,用于总结调查中清晰呈现的事实。例如:
It is clear that more students are interested in outdoor activities.(很明显,更多学生对户外活动感兴趣。)
It is clear that the majority of people prefer healthy food.(很明显,大多数人更喜欢健康食品。)
2.In conclusion, + 总结内容:“总之,……”,总结调查的主要内容或得出的结论。例如:
In conclusion, the survey shows that students’ study habits need to be improved.(总之,调查显示学生的学习习惯需要改进。)
In conclusion, most people think the environment protection measures are effective.(总之,大多数人认为环保措施是有效的。)
3.To sum up, + 总结内容:“总而言之,……”,同样用于总结调查整体情况。例如:
To sum up, the data indicates that there is a growing demand for online courses.(总而言之,数据表明对在线课程的需求在不断增长。)
To sum up, the results of this survey suggest that we should pay more attention to students’ mental health.(总而言之,这次调查结果表明我们应该更加关注学生的心理健康。)
综合实战演练
1.近些年各地中考越来越重视体育测试这一现象,并且长跑作为必考项目,为此,有些学生觉得不好。请根据以下表格提示用英语写一篇调查报告,并谈谈自己的看法。
Running on the school playground
Agree
Disagree
Your opinion
A good way to relax:
Keep healthy;
Help us study better…
A waste of time;
Feel sleepy in class;
Too tired …
…
注意:
1. 短文应包括表格中的全部信息,可以适当发挥;
2. 文中不得出现真实姓名、校名;
3. 词数不少于90,文章的开头已经给出,不计入总词数。
I did a survey about whether middle school students should run on the school playground every day. Here is the result.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.青少年缺乏锻炼引发社会关注,你校校刊对此话题正进行征稿,请根据以下信息完成一篇题为“A Report on Teenagers’ Exercise”的调查报告。
要求:
1. 词数:80—120词;
2. 文中不能出现自己的姓名和学校名称;
3. 开头已给出,不计入词数,可适当拓展。
A Report on Teenagers’ Exercise
Last week, we asked some students how often they did exercise. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3.积极锻炼很重要,为此,某班开展了一次关于本班同学锻炼情况的调查活动。请你根据下图和相关文字提示,以“Exercising is important!”为题,用英文写一篇80词左右的短文。
要点
具体内容
调查
数据
锻炼的意义
有益身体健康,运动使人快乐……。
你的建议
就如何更好地开展锻炼,提出你的建议(至少两点)。
注意:要求:
1.必须包含所提示的信息,可适当发挥,开头已给出,不计入总词数; 2.意思清楚,表达通顺,行文连贯,书写规范;
3.请勿在文中使用真实的姓名、校名及地名。
参考词汇:in one’s opinion (依某人的看法);spend;over ;less than(少于)
Exercising is important!
We have made a survey(调查) about students’ exercising. According to the survey,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
4.阳光体育,健康生活。为此,阳光中学的学生开展了一次关于初中生锻炼情况的调查活动。请你根据下表和相关文字提示,以“Let us exercise!”为题,用英语写一篇短文。
调查的情况
每天锻炼的时间
半小时以上
51%
半小时以内
44%
几乎不运动
5%
不常锻炼的原因
不擅长;不感兴趣;没时间
锻炼的意义
有益身心健康;……
你的建议
就如何更好地开展锻炼,提出你的建议(至少两条)。
注意:1. 短文必须包括所有要点,并适当发挥;
2. 文中不得出现真实的人名和校名;
3. 词数:80-100词(开头已给出,不计入总词数)。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5.健康是幸福的主要因素,锻炼是健康的重要保证。某英文报开展了一次关于初中生锻炼情况的调查活动。请你根据下列图表和相关文字提示,以“Exercising is important!”为题用英语写一篇短文。
调查数据
每天锻炼的时间
不常锻炼的原因
锻炼的意义
有益身体健康;保持思维敏锐;变得自信快乐。
你的建议
就如何更好地开展锻炼,提出你的建议(至少两点)。
注意:
1. 短文应包括所给内容要点,可适当发挥,使文章连贯;
2. 词数100左右,短文开头已给出,不计入总词数;
3. 文中不得出现可能透露考生真实身份的信息,如,真实姓名、学校等;
4. 参考词汇:敏锐的:sharp。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6.近年,有一些地区提出把游泳纳入中考的体育考试,并在学生中做了一次问卷调查。下面是一个学校的调查结果,请你根据调查情况写一篇英语短文阐明调查结果及表达自己的观点。
赞成的学生人数占:57%
不赞成的学生人数占:43%
理由:
1. 强身健体,预防疾病
2. 训练求生技能
3. 休闲娱乐,放松身心
理由:
1. 害怕水
2. 有危险性
3. 气温低时容易感冒
你的观点与理由?
要求:
1. 词数80左右。(文章的开头已给出,不计入词数)
2. 不得透露学校,姓名等个人信息,否则不予评分。
In recently years, some districts are planning to include swimming in the examination of physical education. And they made a survey about it in some schools, Here’s the result from one school.
7.你上周就你班同学的日常生活习惯进行了调查,以下表格为调查结果,请据此写一篇调查报告。词数:80左右。
Activities
How many students
How often
exercise
all
every day
eat fruit and drink milk
90%
every day
eat junk food
7%
three or four times a week
drink coffee
none
read
85%
every day
8.某英文杂志想了解中学生的运动喜好情况,通过征文的方式向大家做调查。请你根据下面的思维导图提示,以I love sports为题,写一篇英语短文,70词左右。
注意:1.短文必须包括以上内容。2. 表中右栏信息仅供参考,可自由发挥。3. 词数:70左右。
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