Unit 8 Protecting the environment 人与自然：环境保护（话题阅读精练）英语冀教版2024八年级上册

Unit 8 Protecting the environment 环境保护 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage A 阅读理解 说明文 201 本文属于“人与自然”范畴，主要讲述了全球变暖导致高山冰雪融化，人们采取相关措施来减缓融化速度。 Passage B 阅读还原 说明文 299 本文主要介绍了如何通过日常习惯培养孩子成为环保人士的几种方法。 真题示例 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 244 本文主要讲述了Amy通过养殖牡蛎来净化海水，并获得了“牡蛎养殖大师”奖的故事。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 288 本文介绍了塔克拉玛干沙漠的基本情况，并详细介绍了中国政府和人民为控制沙漠的扩张而所采用的一些科学且有效的方法。 模拟演练 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 225 本文主要讲述了Sammie Vance通过回收塑料瓶制作Buddy Benches，帮助孤独的孩子并保护环境的故事。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 208 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了环境对健康的重要性，指出细菌无处不在且会使人生病，呼吁大家共同保持环境干净整洁以维持健康。 Passage3 任务阅读 说明文 280 本文主要介绍了东北虎的现状、特征、栖息地、濒危原因、保护措施及人们可提供的帮助。 Passage4 任务阅读 说明文 247 本文主要讲述了英国 “植物生命” 慈善组织发起 “五月不修剪” 项目，呼吁人们不修剪花园草坪，以维持生态平衡、促进生物多样性，并介绍了该项目的相关理念和意义。 Passage5 短文填空 记叙文 211 本文以第一人称的视角，讲述了一朵向日葵的经历，包括它生长的环境、被小女孩欣赏、农民对它的照料，还提及人类砍伐树木引发环境问题影响其生长，最后呼吁人类重视保护自然，让万物共生于更美好的世界。 时文阅读 话题谚语小知识 · Protecting the ecological environment means taking care of ourselves.保护生态环境，就是爱护自己。 · Everyone for environmental protection, environmental protection for everyone.人人为环保，环保为人人。 · To pollute the environment is to kill your mother.污染环境就等于谋杀自己的母亲。 · Let the white pollution disappear forever!让白色污染永远消失！ · There is only one earth, and mankind should work together.只有一个地球，人类应该同舟共济。 · For ourselves and for our future generations, please protect the environment.为了我们自己，也为了我们后代，请保护环境。 · Green is our survival hope, beautification is fundamental to our life.绿化是我们生存的希望，美化是我们做人的根本。 · The earth's resources are limited and disposable consumables should not be used as much as possible.地球资源有限，尽量不用一次性消耗品。 · Protect the water environment and save water resources.保护水环境，节约水资源。 · Less cars and more walking, low - carbon health I have.少坐汽车多行走，低碳健康我拥有。 时文阅读 Passage 1（冰雪融化环境问题） The world is getting warmer, and the ice in high mountains is melting. How to slow down the melt? Wearing “clothes” In the 1990s, people in Switzerland put white “blankets” on ski areas. The white color can reflect the sunshine and keep the ice cool. The blankets are made of wool, so rain can go through the blankets and become ice. They can slow down the melt by about 50 to 70 percent. Today, the “blankets” in Switzerland cover 10,000 to 50,000 square meters of ice. Painting the rocks Farmers in the Andes Mountains in Peru use a similar idea. Above 5,000 meters, they paint the rocks with white “paint”. The paint is made of water, sand and soap. The soap helps it stick to the rocks. The white rocks can be 16℃ cooler than the dark rocks. ________ Scientists at an organization called Glaciers Alive turn to man-made snow for help in Switzerland. In winter, they use water from a small lake up in the mountain. The water goes down some pipes (管道). On the pipes, there are shower heads (喷头). The water flows out from the pipes and becomes snow on the mountain. 1．What are the “blankets” used for? A．Keeping the ice warm. B．Slowing down the melt of the ice. C．Making the mountain more beautiful. D．Replacing the ice. 2．Why are the paint and blankets white according to the passage? A．Because white makes the paint and blankets seem clean. B．Because white is different from the color of the mountain. C．Because the white color can make the ice cooler. D．Because the white color can make people feel peaceful. 3．What does the underlined word “it” in Para. 3 refer to? A．The white paint. B．Water. C．Sand. D．The white rock. 4．What’s the best title for Para. 4? A．An organization called Glaciers Alive B．Creating snow C．Help from Switzerland D．The melt of ice 5．In which part of a newspaper is the material probably from? A．Sports News B．Travel Life C．Health Care D．Environmental Science Passage 2（环境保护方法） To Be an Environmentally Friendly Kid Taking care of the earth is a huge duty. So it’s necessary to encourage your kid to become an environmentally friendly person. Pay attention to their daily habits. 1 Do it as follows. Grow a garden to decrease the food bought from the store. When you grow plants and get food from your garden, you avoid all the plastic bags that come along with what you buy. It decreases much rubbish that you have to throw away. Get your kids to prepare snacks and meals with the food from your garden. 2 Change your lightbulbs (灯泡) for energy-saving ones. This can be a great lesson about energy, how it’s used, and how you can save it. If your child is old enough, let them change the bulbs themselves. Try out another way: Eat dinner by candlelight once a week. 3 And it creates a fun experience for you and your family. 4 Leaving the water running uses up about 2-4 gallons (加仑) of water each minute! Over a month, your child could save over 200 gallons of water on their own. 5 Each day, have your child color in a few inches of space, starting at the bottom, to represent how much water they’ve saved. Similarly, you could challenge older kids to see if they can take a shorter shower. 根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项。 A．This is a good way to save energy. B．Even small changes can make a big difference over time. C．Make this more obvious by drawing a large jar on a piece of paper. D．Challenge your kids to turn off the water while brushing teeth. E．This is also a great way to have your kids do some hands-on work. 话题写作佳句积累累 1.It's our duty to protect our environment.保护环境是我们的责任。 2.We should plant more trees to make our earth greener.我们应该种更多的树，让我们的地球更绿。 3.Remember to turn off the lights when you leave the room.离开房间时记得关灯。 4.We can save water by taking shorter showers.我们可以通过缩短淋浴时间来节约用水。 5.It's important to separate waste into different groups.将垃圾分类很重要。 6.Bicycle riding is good for the environment because it doesn't cause pollution. 骑自行车对环境有益，因为它不会造成污染。 7.We should stop using plastic bags and use reusable bags instead. 我们应该停止使用塑料袋，改用可重复使用的袋子。 8.If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful. 如果每个人都为保护环境做出贡献，世界将变得更加美丽。 9.Don't litter. Put the rubbish in the bin.不要乱扔垃圾。把垃圾放进垃圾桶。 10.Let's work together to make our planet a better place.让我们共同努力，让我们的星球成为一个更美好的地方。实战演练 真题示例 Passage1 （2025·河北·中考真题）Some people see oysters (牡蛎) as delicious food. But some raise oysters to clean up the polluted seawater. Amy, a 15-year-old girl, is one of them. She has won a master oyster gardener prize this year. She thinks oysters are really helpful. They are environmental stars. “I knew nothing about oyster gardening when I started in 2022. I learned all of this after I completed a free course about it. The course is about raising oysters in cages (笼子),” Amy says. There used to be lots of oysters in coastal waters. But their numbers have diminished. This is mainly because of some natural disasters. Oyster gardening is a way to help. “Anyone can join,” an oyster gardening researcher Liz Black says. “You don’t have to do a lot to take care of your oysters, but the influence they have on the environment is huge,” Amy says. During the oyster gardening season, Amy and her mom go to the beach. There Amy has nine cages. “Once a week I go out there,” she says. She pulls the cages from the water to check conditions of the oysters. This spring, Amy’s oysters will be big enough to be collected. Amy will go with Liz to pick them up. Oysters that are collected will then be “planted” on the reefs (珊瑚礁). So far, Amy has raised more than 1,500 oysters. She’s a great leader of oyster gardening and a great supporter, too. 1．What does Amy think of oysters? A．Huge. B．Clean. C．Helpful. D．Delicious. 2．When did Amy get to know about raising oysters? A．After she joined a research team. B．After she won a competition. C．After she attended a free course. D．After she cleaned up the seawater. 3．What does the underlined word “diminished” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Grown. B．Fallen. C．Disappeared. D．Remained. 4．Why does Amy pull the cages out of water weekly? A．To feed the oysters. B．To mix the oysters. C．To check the oysters. D．To name the oysters. 5．What is the best title for the text? A．A Cage Maker B．A Master Prize C．An Oyster Festival D．An Oyster Gardener Passage2 （2025·山东临沂·中考真题）The Taklimakan Desert is the largest desert in China. It is about 337,600 square kilometers in the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang. The dry environment makes it difficult for life there. Sandstorms often happen, and the moving sand seriously influences the lives of local people and the natural environment in this area. However, the Chinese government and people have been making much effort to control the desert. Here are some of scientific and effective ways they have used. One of the main ways is to build a tree belt (带) around the desert. By the end of 2023, a 2,761-kilometer-long green belt had already been built around it. In 2024, the last part of the belt, 285 kilometers, was finished. It’s about 3,046 kilometers in total. The belt lies as a strong wall against the spread of the desert. Biological ways are also widely used. For example, people grow special plants that can grow well with little water, like huyang, suosuo, shabang and so on. These plants hold the sand and reduce sandstorms. At the same time, they can also bring certain economic (经济的) benefits to local people. And the method of using solar power generation (太阳能发电) has been used too. By building greenhouses, people can grow vegetables and fruits. In this way, they can make full use of the land and light in the desert area. Great changes have already taken place. The natural environment around the desert has been improved greatly. The local economy has also been developed rapidly. The success in the control of this desert shows: as long as we have a strong will and use scientific methods, we can protect the environment and build a better future for both people and nature. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By listing facts. B．By giving examples. C．By answering questions. 2．What does the underlined word “effective” probably mean in Paragraph 1? A．Expensive. B．Simple. C．Useful. 3．Why do people grow special plants in the desert? A．To make the desert more beautiful. B．To prevent sandstorms and get economic benefits. C．To provide food for animals and make more money. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? (P= Paragraph) A． B． C． 模拟演练 Passage 1 When Sammie Vance was eight, she learned about Buddy Benches from a video. The video showed how these benches (长凳) are used on playgrounds. “If somebody is lonely, they can sit on the bench then,” Sammie explained. “Another person can come up to them and ask them to play.” Sammie thought her school could have a Buddy Bench, so she and her mom set up a meeting with the headmaster. They learned of a local company, Green Tree Plastics, that recycles (回收利用) plastic bottles into benches. Sammie liked the idea of a Ruddy Bench that would help kids and the environment. Her headmaster liked it, too. Then Sammie created a comic (漫画) that showed how a Buddy Bench works. She and her mom posted it on the social media to ask friends and family to save bottles. They also took the drawing to local businesses to ask for their help. In just two months, the project collected more than 1,200 bottles—enough to make three Buddy Benches! After reaching her goal, Sammie set a new one—Buddy Bench everywhere. So far, she has collected enough bottles to give 100 benches to schools and organizations in 12 states. She continued to collect bottles to share with kids working toward their own Buddy Benches. And she has made videos to ask others to start their projects. 1．What did Sammie need so many bottles for? A．She wanted to create a comic. B．She wanted make her school beautiful. C．She wanted to have them recycled. D．She wanted to set up a new business. 2．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The comic. B．The company. C．The video. D．The idea. 3．What’s the right order of the story? a. She has given 100 benches. b. Sammie saw a video about Buddy Benches. c. They called on friends and family to collect bottles. d. She and her mother asked the headmaster for help. A．a—d—c—b B．b—d—c—a C．b—d—a—c D．a—b—c—d 4．Why does the writer list some numbers in the last paragraph? A．To show Sammie’s achievements (成就). B．To invite readers to join his project. C．To describe the problems Sammie was facing. D．To tell readers the numbers of benches in need. Passage 2 Everyone likes living in a clean environment. If the environment (环境) is bad, it will affect (影响) our body, and make us not feel well. Sometimes we may be terribly ill. At that time we don’t want to work, and we have to stay in bed and rest at home. So the envrionment is very important to us. It’s germs (细菌) that makes us ill. There are germs everywhere. They are very small and you can’t find them with your own eyes, but you can see them with a microscope (显微镜). They are very small and there may be hundreds of them on a very small thing, Germs can always be found in dirty water. When we look at dirty water under the microscope, we shall see them in it. Germs can also be found in air and dust (灰尘). If you cut your finger, some of the dust from the floor may go into it, and you will have much pain in it. Sometimes the germs will go into all of your boby, and you will have pain everywhere. To keep us healthy, we should try our best to make our environment become cleaner and tidier. This needs us to act together. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 1．The writer tell us that ________. A．we like working when we are ill B．germs can’t live in the water C．we feel well when the environment is good 2．Germs are ________. A．very small things that you can’t see with your eyes B．the things that don’t effect people C．the things that you can find with your eyes 3．Where can germs be found? They can be found ________. A．on the small thing B．in air and dust C．everywhere 4．How will you feel if germs go into the finger that is cut? A．I will feel nothing. B．I will feel painful. C．I won’t mind. 5．From the passage we know that ________. A．environment doesn’t affect our life B．we don’t need to improve our environment C．germs may make us ill Passage 3 根据文章内容，在空白处填写恰当的短语或句子。 The Siberian tiger, also called the Northeast Tiger in China, is one of the world’s most endangered animals. Fewer than 500 of these big cats remain in the wild. Siberian tigers are the largest tigers on Earth. A full-grown male (雄性) can reach 3.3 meters long and weigh up to 300 kilograms. Their fur (毛) is lighter than other tigers, and their stripes (条纹) are dark brown instead of black. Long ago, Siberian tigers lived across Northeast Asia and Russia’s Far East. Now, their main home is the forests between China and Russia. A small number could be in North Korea. Their number has dropped quickly because of hunting (猎杀) and environmental changes. When forests are cut down for cities or farms, tigers lose their homes and food. Thankfully, people are doing a lot of work to save them. China and Russia have created protected nature area and are working together to help the tigers. Thanks to these actions, their population is slowly growing. Many Siberian tigers also live in zoos. Scientists hope that one day these tigers will be able to return to the wild. However, this is challenging. Zoo tigers need to learn to look for food and live on their own. Another problem is space. One adult Siberian tiger needs up to 100 square kilometers of forest to live. Sadly, there’s not enough untouched forest left for many tigers. Now, conservation groups (保护组织) are joining the fight too. They tell people not to kill tigers or sell their body parts. They also study how to save the forests where tigers live. If you want to help, join them and make a difference! The Siberian tiger Introduction (介绍) Endangered animals; Fewer than 1 in the wild Characteristics 1. Size: 3.3m length, 300kg weight (males) 2. Color: Lighter fur, dark brown stripes (not black) 2 Forests between China and Russia; Small numbers in North Korea Why endangered 1. Hunting 2. Forests cut down (lose homes and food) Protection actions China & Russia create 3 . Zoos help raise tigers. What can you do to help 4 Passage 4 Cutting the Grass A charity (慈善组织) in the UK is asking people not to cut down the grass in their garden. When spring arrives, many gardeners mow (修剪) their lawns. The activity is part of a project called “No Mow May”. It helps flowers grow wild and insects breed. The purpose of No Mow May is to keep the nature in balance. It is from the charity Plantlife. The charity is also asking people to count the types and number of wild flowers in their garden. Plantlife considers that leaving the grass uncut creates habitats (栖息地) which will help “bees, butterflies, wildlife and us”. Bees are a basic part of nature as they spread flowers. Cutting the grass means there are fewer flowers for bees and other insects to live on. A spokesperson for Plantlife said garden lawns have the possibilities to be “biodiversity hotspots”. Last year, the charity found over 250 kinds of plants on people’s lawns. These included wild strawberries and wild eggplants. Plantlife wants people to value wild lawns more. It said people would get a nice, colorful surprise if they did not cut their grass. One gardener spoke to the BBC about the joy of wild gardens. He said people care too much about having a clean garden and use too much compost. He believes not mowing the lawn lets people reconnect with the natural world. Plantlife agreed. It said a wild garden makes you have more fun instead of your own garden. 1．What is the purpose of No Mow May? 2．What does cutting the grass in your garden mean? 3．How many kinds of plants did the charity find on the lawns last year? 4．What would you get if you don’t cut the grass in your garden? 5．Do you agree that people should not cut down the grass in the gardens? Why or why not? Passage 5 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中的词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填在答题卡规定的位置。 I’m a sunflower. I come 1 a big field full of colorful flowers and green grass. Every day, I stand tall, facing 2 bright sun. One day, a young girl saw me and ran towards me 3 (cheerful). She gently touched my yellow petal (花瓣). “What a beautiful flower!” she said to 4 (she). This simple act of being admired filled my “heart” with joy. Farmers take good 5 (careful) of us. They often water us and make sure we have enough nutrients (营养物) from the soil. Sometimes, the weather becomes extremely hot, 6 they still come to look after us without hesitation. In return, we provide them with seeds. People can eat these seeds as a tasty snack or make oil from them. However, people are cutting down too many trees and it causes a lot of 7 (environment) problems. It makes me sad because it’s getting harder for me and my friends 8 (grow) well. Now, I 9 (wait) for people to realize the importance of protecting nature. We sunflowers are doing our part and 10 (human) should also protect nature so that we can all live in a more wonderful world. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 8 Protecting the environment 环境保护 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage A 阅读理解 说明文 201 本文属于“人与自然”范畴，主要讲述了全球变暖导致高山冰雪融化，人们采取相关措施来减缓融化速度。 Passage B 阅读还原 说明文 299 本文主要介绍了如何通过日常习惯培养孩子成为环保人士的几种方法。 真题示例 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 244 本文主要讲述了Amy通过养殖牡蛎来净化海水，并获得了“牡蛎养殖大师”奖的故事。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 288 本文介绍了塔克拉玛干沙漠的基本情况，并详细介绍了中国政府和人民为控制沙漠的扩张而所采用的一些科学且有效的方法。 模拟演练 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 225 本文主要讲述了Sammie Vance通过回收塑料瓶制作Buddy Benches，帮助孤独的孩子并保护环境的故事。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 208 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了环境对健康的重要性，指出细菌无处不在且会使人生病，呼吁大家共同保持环境干净整洁以维持健康。 Passage3 任务阅读 说明文 280 本文主要介绍了东北虎的现状、特征、栖息地、濒危原因、保护措施及人们可提供的帮助。 Passage4 任务阅读 说明文 247 本文主要讲述了英国 “植物生命” 慈善组织发起 “五月不修剪” 项目，呼吁人们不修剪花园草坪，以维持生态平衡、促进生物多样性，并介绍了该项目的相关理念和意义。 Passage5 短文填空 记叙文 211 本文以第一人称的视角，讲述了一朵向日葵的经历，包括它生长的环境、被小女孩欣赏、农民对它的照料，还提及人类砍伐树木引发环境问题影响其生长，最后呼吁人类重视保护自然，让万物共生于更美好的世界。 时文阅读 话题谚语小知识 · Protecting the ecological environment means taking care of ourselves.保护生态环境，就是爱护自己。 · Everyone for environmental protection, environmental protection for everyone.人人为环保，环保为人人。 · To pollute the environment is to kill your mother.污染环境就等于谋杀自己的母亲。 · Let the white pollution disappear forever!让白色污染永远消失！ · There is only one earth, and mankind should work together.只有一个地球，人类应该同舟共济。 · For ourselves and for our future generations, please protect the environment.为了我们自己，也为了我们后代，请保护环境。 · Green is our survival hope, beautification is fundamental to our life.绿化是我们生存的希望，美化是我们做人的根本。 · The earth's resources are limited and disposable consumables should not be used as much as possible.地球资源有限，尽量不用一次性消耗品。 · Protect the water environment and save water resources.保护水环境，节约水资源。 · Less cars and more walking, low - carbon health I have.少坐汽车多行走，低碳健康我拥有。 时文阅读 Passage 1（冰雪融化环境问题） The world is getting warmer, and the ice in high mountains is melting. How to slow down the melt? Wearing “clothes” In the 1990s, people in Switzerland put white “blankets” on ski areas. The white color can reflect the sunshine and keep the ice cool. The blankets are made of wool, so rain can go through the blankets and become ice. They can slow down the melt by about 50 to 70 percent. Today, the “blankets” in Switzerland cover 10,000 to 50,000 square meters of ice. Painting the rocks Farmers in the Andes Mountains in Peru use a similar idea. Above 5,000 meters, they paint the rocks with white “paint”. The paint is made of water, sand and soap. The soap helps it stick to the rocks. The white rocks can be 16℃ cooler than the dark rocks. ________ Scientists at an organization called Glaciers Alive turn to man-made snow for help in Switzerland. In winter, they use water from a small lake up in the mountain. The water goes down some pipes (管道). On the pipes, there are shower heads (喷头). The water flows out from the pipes and becomes snow on the mountain. 1．What are the “blankets” used for? A．Keeping the ice warm. B．Slowing down the melt of the ice. C．Making the mountain more beautiful. D．Replacing the ice. 2．Why are the paint and blankets white according to the passage? A．Because white makes the paint and blankets seem clean. B．Because white is different from the color of the mountain. C．Because the white color can make the ice cooler. D．Because the white color can make people feel peaceful. 3．What does the underlined word “it” in Para. 3 refer to? A．The white paint. B．Water. C．Sand. D．The white rock. 4．What’s the best title for Para. 4? A．An organization called Glaciers Alive B．Creating snow C．Help from Switzerland D．The melt of ice 5．In which part of a newspaper is the material probably from? A．Sports News B．Travel Life C．Health Care D．Environmental Science 【单词积累】 单词 音标 词性 中文 reflect /rɪˈflekt/ v. 反射 wool /wʊl/ n. 羊毛 melt /melt/ v. 融化 square /skweə(r)/ adj. 平方的 paint /peɪnt/ n. 涂料，颜料 stick /stɪk/ v. 黏附，附着 pipe /paɪp/ n. 管道 【短语积累】 短语 中文 例句 slow down 减缓，放慢 We need to slow down the car before turning. be made of 由…… 制成 This table is made of wood. turn to...for help 向…… 求助 When in trouble, he always turns to his parents for help. 【长难句分析】 1.The white color can reflect the sunshine and keep the ice cool. 【译文】白色能够反射阳光并保持冰的低温。 【分析】句子为主谓宾结构，主语是 the white color，谓语是由 and 连接的并列动词 can reflect和keep，分别带宾语the sunshine和the ice cool（其中 “cool” 是形容词作宾语补足语）。 【语法点】keep + 宾语 + 形容词” 结构，表示使…… 保持某种状态。 【例句】 ①Please keep the room clean.（请保持房间干净。） ②The coat can keep you warm in winter.（这件外套能让你在冬天保持温暖。） 【中考考点】并列谓语的用法及 “keep + 宾语 + 宾补” 结构，常以语法填空或句型转换形式考查。 2.The water flows out from the pipes and becomes snow on the mountain. 【译文】水从管道中流出，在山上变成了雪。 【分析】句子由 and 连接两个并列的谓语动词flows out和becomes，共用主语 the water。flows out from 表示 “从…… 流出”，becomes后接名词作表语。 【语法点】不及物动词与介词的搭配flow out from及系动词 become 的用法。 【例句】 ①The river flows out from the valley.河水从山谷中流出。 ②The caterpillar becomes a butterfly finally.毛毛虫最终变成了蝴蝶。 【中考考点】不及物动词的介词搭配及系动词的用法，常在完形填空或阅读理解中考查语境理解。 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D 【知识点】自然灾害与防范、环境保护、说明文 【导语】本文属于“人与自然”范畴，主要讲述了全球变暖导致高山冰雪融化，人们采取相关措施来减缓融化速度。 1．细节理解题。根据Wearing “clothes”中的“The blankets are made of wool, so rain can go through the blankets and become ice. They can slow down the melt by about 50 to 70 percent”可知，毯子是用来减缓冰的融化速度。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据Wearing “clothes”中的“The white color can reflect the sunshine and keep the ice cool”及Painting the rocks中的“Farmers in the Andes Mountains in Peru use a similar idea”可知，白色可以反射阳光，保持冰的凉爽。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据Painting the rocks中的“The paint is made of water, sand and soap. The soap helps it stick to the rocks”可知，这种颜料是由水、沙子和肥皂制成的。肥皂有助于它粘在石头上。因此it指代前文的“白色颜料”。故选A。 4．最佳标题题。根据最后一段的内容“ In winter, they use water from a small lake up in the mountain. The water goes down some pipes (管道). On the pipes, there are shower heads (喷头). The water flows out from the pipes and becomes snow on the mountain.”可知，本段主要讲述科学家们如何进行人工造雪，因此最佳标题为“造雪”。故选B。 5．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了全球变暖导致高山冰雪融化，人们采取了一些措施来减缓融化速度。文章与保护环境有关，因此它可能来自报纸上的“环境科学”部分。故选D。 译文 世界正在变得越来越暖和，高山上的冰雪也在不断融化。如何减缓这种融化呢？ 穿上 “衣服” 20 世纪 90 年代，瑞士人在滑雪场铺上了白色的 “毯子”。白色能反射阳光，让冰雪保持低温。这些毯子由羊毛制成，雨水可以渗透毯子并凝结成冰。它们能使冰雪融化速度减缓约 50% 至 70%。如今，瑞士的这种 “毯子” 覆盖了 1 万至 5 万平方米的冰面。 给岩石刷漆 秘鲁安第斯山脉的农民采用了类似的方法。在海拔 5000 米以上的地方，他们用白色 “涂料” 给岩石刷漆。这种涂料由水、沙子和肥皂制成，肥皂能帮助涂料黏附在岩石上。白色岩石能比深色岩石的温度低 16 摄氏度。 人造积雪 瑞士一个名为 “冰川存活” 的组织的科学家们借助人造雪来解决这个问题。冬天，他们使用山上一个小湖里的水，让水通过一些管道流下。管道上装有喷头，水从管道中流出后，在山上凝结成雪。 Passage 2（环境保护方法） To Be an Environmentally Friendly Kid Taking care of the earth is a huge duty. So it’s necessary to encourage your kid to become an environmentally friendly person. Pay attention to their daily habits. 1 Do it as follows. Grow a garden to decrease the food bought from the store. When you grow plants and get food from your garden, you avoid all the plastic bags that come along with what you buy. It decreases much rubbish that you have to throw away. Get your kids to prepare snacks and meals with the food from your garden. 2 Change your lightbulbs (灯泡) for energy-saving ones. This can be a great lesson about energy, how it’s used, and how you can save it. If your child is old enough, let them change the bulbs themselves. Try out another way: Eat dinner by candlelight once a week. 3 And it creates a fun experience for you and your family. 4 Leaving the water running uses up about 2-4 gallons (加仑) of water each minute! Over a month, your child could save over 200 gallons of water on their own. 5 Each day, have your child color in a few inches of space, starting at the bottom, to represent how much water they’ve saved. Similarly, you could challenge older kids to see if they can take a shorter shower. 根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项。 A．This is a good way to save energy. B．Even small changes can make a big difference over time. C．Make this more obvious by drawing a large jar on a piece of paper. D．Challenge your kids to turn off the water while brushing teeth. E．This is also a great way to have your kids do some hands-on work. 【单词积累】 单词 音标 词性 中文 duty /ˈdjuːti/ n. 责任，义务 decrease /dɪˈkriːs/ v. 减少，降低 avoid /əˈvɔɪd/ v. 避免 energy /ˈenədʒi/ n. 能源 gallon /ˈɡælən/ n. 加仑 represent /ˌreprɪˈzent/ v. 代表，象征 challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/ v. 向…… 挑战 【短语积累】 短语 中文 例句 take care of 照顾，照料 We should take care of the environment around us. use up 用完，耗尽 The car used up all the petrol on the way. come along with 与…… 一起出现 The job comes along with many opportunities. 【长难句分析】 1.Taking care of the earth is a huge duty. 【译文】保护地球是一项重大的责任。 【分析】句子为主系表结构，主语是动名词短语 “Taking care of the earth”，系动词是 “is”，表语是 “a huge duty”。动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 【语法点】动名词短语作主语及主谓一致。 【例句】 ①Collecting stamps is his hobby.（集邮是他的爱好。） ②Cleaning the room takes me half an hour every day.（打扫房间每天花我半小时。） 【中考考点】动名词作主语的用法，常考查主谓一致（谓语用单数），在语法填空和单项选择中出现。 2.Leaving the water running uses up about 2-4 gallons of water each minute! 【译文】让水一直流着每分钟会消耗大约 2-4 加仑的水！ 【分析】句子为主谓宾结构，主语是动名词短语 “Leaving the water running”，其中 “the water running” 是 “leave + 宾语 + 现在分词” 结构，作 “Leaving” 的宾语，表 “使水保持流动的状态”；谓语是 “uses up”，宾语是 “about 2-4 gallons of water”。 【语法点】“leave + 宾语 + 现在分词” 结构（表示 “使…… 处于某种持续状态”）及动名词短语作主语。 【例句】 ①Leaving the window open made the room cold.（让窗户开着使房间变冷了。） ②Running in the morning helps build up our bodies.（早上跑步有助于增强我们的体质。） 【中考考点】“leave + 宾语 + 宾补” 结构中现在分词作宾补的用法，是中考语法填空的高频考点。 3.Each day, have your child color in a few inches of space, starting at the bottom, to represent how much water they’ve saved. 【译文】每天让孩子从底部开始，在几英寸的空间内涂色，以此来表示他们节省了多少水。 【分析】句子为祈使句，主干是 “have your child color in...space”，其中 “have + 宾语 + 省略 to 的不定式（color）” 表示 “让某人做某事”；“starting at the bottom” 是现在分词短语作伴随状语；“to represent...” 是不定式短语作目的状语；“how much water they’ve saved” 是宾语从句，作 “represent” 的宾语。 【语法点】“have sb. do sth.” 结构（让某人做某事）、现在分词作状语、不定式作目的状语、宾语从句。 【例句】 ①The teacher had the students read the text aloud.（老师让学生们大声朗读课文。） ②She sat by the window, reading a novel.（她坐在窗边，读着一本小说。） ③He studies hard to get good grades.（他努力学习是为了取得好成绩。） 【中考考点】“have sb. do sth.” 结构及非谓语动词（现在分词、不定式）作状语的用法，在中考完形填空和语法填空中常考。 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．A 4．D 5．C 【知识点】方法/策略、环境保护 【导语】本文主要介绍了如何通过日常习惯培养孩子成为环保人士的几种方法。 1．根据“Taking care of the earth is a huge duty…Pay attention to their daily habits”及下文列举的具体方法可知，此处应是一个承上启下的过渡句，选项B“即使小的改变，长期来看也能产生很大影响”符合语境，故选B。 2．根据“Get your kids to prepare snacks and meals with the food from your garden”可知，这是在描述让孩子参与实践的方法，选项E“这也是让孩子动手实践的好方法”符合语境，故选E。 3．根据“And it creates a fun experience for you and your family.”可知，这是在介绍另一种节能方式的好处，选项A“这是节约能源的好方法”符合语境，故选A。 4．根据“Leaving the water running uses up about 2-4 gallons of water each minute”可知，此处应是与节水相关的建议，选项D“挑战你的孩子在刷牙时关掉水龙头”符合语境，故选D。 5．根据“Each day, have your child color in a few inches of space…to represent how much water they’ve saved”可知，这是在描述可视化节水效果的方法，选项C“通过在一张纸上画一个大罐子让这个更明显”符合语境，故选C。 译文 《做一个环保小卫士》 保护地球是一项重大的责任。因此，有必要鼓励孩子成为一个爱护环境的人。要关注他们的日常习惯。按照以下方法去做就行。 开辟一个菜园，减少从商店购买的食物。当你种植植物并从菜园中获取食物时，就能避免使用购买物品时附带的所有塑料袋。这能减少很多你必须扔掉的垃圾。让孩子用菜园里的食材准备零食和饭菜吧。 把灯泡换成节能灯泡。这能成为一堂关于能源的绝佳课程，让孩子了解能源的使用方式以及节约方法。如果孩子足够大，让他们自己换灯泡吧。试试另一种方式：每周一次在烛光下吃晚餐。这不仅能节约能源，还能为你和家人创造一段有趣的体验。 要注意节约用水！让水龙头一直开着每分钟会消耗大约 2-4 加仑的水！一个月下来，孩子靠自己就能节省超过 200 加仑的水。可以做一个节水记录：每天让孩子从底部开始，在几英寸的空间内涂色，以此来表示他们节省了多少水。同样，你可以向大一点的孩子发起挑战，看他们能否缩短淋浴时间。 话题写作佳句积累累 1.It's our duty to protect our environment.保护环境是我们的责任。 2.We should plant more trees to make our earth greener.我们应该种更多的树，让我们的地球更绿。 3.Remember to turn off the lights when you leave the room.离开房间时记得关灯。 4.We can save water by taking shorter showers.我们可以通过缩短淋浴时间来节约用水。 5.It's important to separate waste into different groups.将垃圾分类很重要。 6.Bicycle riding is good for the environment because it doesn't cause pollution.骑自行车对环境有益，因为它不会造成污染。 7.We should stop using plastic bags and use reusable bags instead.我们应该停止使用塑料袋，改用可重复使用的袋子。 8.If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.如果每个人都为保护环境做出贡献，世界将变得更加美丽。 9.Don't litter. Put the rubbish in the bin.不要乱扔垃圾。把垃圾放进垃圾桶。 10.Let's work together to make our planet a better place.让我们共同努力，让我们的星球成为一个更美好的地方。实战演练 真题示例 Passage1 （2025·河北·中考真题）Some people see oysters (牡蛎) as delicious food. But some raise oysters to clean up the polluted seawater. Amy, a 15-year-old girl, is one of them. She has won a master oyster gardener prize this year. She thinks oysters are really helpful. They are environmental stars. “I knew nothing about oyster gardening when I started in 2022. I learned all of this after I completed a free course about it. The course is about raising oysters in cages (笼子),” Amy says. There used to be lots of oysters in coastal waters. But their numbers have diminished. This is mainly because of some natural disasters. Oyster gardening is a way to help. “Anyone can join,” an oyster gardening researcher Liz Black says. “You don’t have to do a lot to take care of your oysters, but the influence they have on the environment is huge,” Amy says. During the oyster gardening season, Amy and her mom go to the beach. There Amy has nine cages. “Once a week I go out there,” she says. She pulls the cages from the water to check conditions of the oysters. This spring, Amy’s oysters will be big enough to be collected. Amy will go with Liz to pick them up. Oysters that are collected will then be “planted” on the reefs (珊瑚礁). So far, Amy has raised more than 1,500 oysters. She’s a great leader of oyster gardening and a great supporter, too. 1．What does Amy think of oysters? A．Huge. B．Clean. C．Helpful. D．Delicious. 2．When did Amy get to know about raising oysters? A．After she joined a research team. B．After she won a competition. C．After she attended a free course. D．After she cleaned up the seawater. 3．What does the underlined word “diminished” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Grown. B．Fallen. C．Disappeared. D．Remained. 4．Why does Amy pull the cages out of water weekly? A．To feed the oysters. B．To mix the oysters. C．To check the oysters. D．To name the oysters. 5．What is the best title for the text? A．A Cage Maker B．A Master Prize C．An Oyster Festival D．An Oyster Gardener 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．D 【知识点】其他人、环境保护、记叙文 【导语】本文主要讲述了Amy通过养殖牡蛎来净化海水，并获得了“牡蛎养殖大师”奖的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“She thinks oysters are really helpful. They are environmental stars.”可知，Amy认为牡蛎非常有帮助。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“I knew nothing about oyster gardening when I started in 2022. I learned all of this after I completed a free course about it.”可知，Amy是通过参加免费课程了解如何养殖牡蛎的。故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据“There used to be lots of oysters in coastal waters. But their numbers have diminished.”可知，牡蛎的数量减少了，diminished和fallen同义。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“She pulls the cages from the water to check conditions of the oysters.”可知，Amy每周把笼子拉出水面是为了检查牡蛎的状况。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。全文主要讲述了Amy如何成为一名牡蛎养殖者，以及她对环境保护的贡献。故选D。 【单词积累】 单词 音标 词性 中文 complete /kəmˈpliːt/ v. 完成 coastal /ˈkəʊstl/ adj. 沿海的 diminish /dɪˈmɪnɪʃ/ v. 减少 disaster /dɪˈzɑːstə(r)/ n. 灾难 influence /ˈɪnfluəns/ n. 影响 collect /kəˈlekt/ v. 收集，采集 【短语积累】 短语 中文 例句 clean up 清理，净化 Volunteers clean up the river every weekend. take care of 照顾，照料 We should take care of the plants in the garden. so far 到目前为止 So far, they have learned 500 new words. 【长难句分析】 1.But some raise oysters to clean up the polluted seawater. 【译文】但有些人养殖牡蛎来净化受污染的海水。 【分析】句子为主谓宾结构，主语 “some”（指代 some people），谓语 “raise”，宾语 “oysters”；“to clean up the polluted seawater” 是不定式短语作目的状语，说明养殖牡蛎的目的。 【语法点】不定式作目的状语（表示 “为了……”）。 【例句】 ①He saves money to buy a new bike.（他存钱是为了买一辆新自行车。） ②They go to the library to read books.（他们去图书馆是为了看书。） 【中考考点】不定式作目的状语的用法，常考 “to + 动词原形” 结构，在语法填空和句型转换中出现。 2.Oysters that are collected will then be “planted” on the reefs. 【译文】被收集起来的牡蛎随后会被 “种植” 到珊瑚礁上。 【分析】句子包含定语从句和被动语态。主句 “Oysters will then be ‘planted’ on the reefs” 使用一般将来时被动语态（will be + 过去分词）；定语从句 “that are collected” 修饰先行词 “Oysters”，“that” 在从句中作主语，从句用一般现在时被动语态（are + 过去分词）。 【语法点】被动语态（一般将来时：will be done；一般现在时：am/is/are done）、定语从句（关系代词 that 作主语）。 【例句】 ①The flowers that are watered every day grow well.（每天被浇水的花长得很好。） ②These photos will be shown in the school exhibition.（这些照片将在学校展览中展出。） 【中考考点】被动语态的构成及定语从句中关系代词的用法，是中考重点语法点，在单项选择和语法填空中高频考查。 3.She’s a great leader of oyster gardening and a great supporter, too. 【译文】她既是牡蛎养殖的优秀领导者，也是优秀的支持者。 【分析】句子为主系表结构，主语 “She”，系动词 “is”，表语由 “a great leader...” 和 “a great supporter” 通过 “and...too” 连接，构成并列结构，强调两种身份。 【语法点】并列结构（由 and 连接两个表语）、“too” 表示 “也”（用于肯定句末尾）。 【例句】 ①He is a teacher and a writer, too.（他是一名教师，也是一名作家。） ②Lily is kind and helpful, too.（莉莉很善良，也乐于助人。） 【中考考点】并列结构的用法及 “too” 的词义和位置，在完形填空和句子翻译中常见。 Passage2 （2025·山东临沂·中考真题）The Taklimakan Desert is the largest desert in China. It is about 337,600 square kilometers in the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang. The dry environment makes it difficult for life there. Sandstorms often happen, and the moving sand seriously influences the lives of local people and the natural environment in this area. However, the Chinese government and people have been making much effort to control the desert. Here are some of scientific and effective ways they have used. One of the main ways is to build a tree belt (带) around the desert. By the end of 2023, a 2,761-kilometer-long green belt had already been built around it. In 2024, the last part of the belt, 285 kilometers, was finished. It’s about 3,046 kilometers in total. The belt lies as a strong wall against the spread of the desert. Biological ways are also widely used. For example, people grow special plants that can grow well with little water, like huyang, suosuo, shabang and so on. These plants hold the sand and reduce sandstorms. At the same time, they can also bring certain economic (经济的) benefits to local people. And the method of using solar power generation (太阳能发电) has been used too. By building greenhouses, people can grow vegetables and fruits. In this way, they can make full use of the land and light in the desert area. Great changes have already taken place. The natural environment around the desert has been improved greatly. The local economy has also been developed rapidly. The success in the control of this desert shows: as long as we have a strong will and use scientific methods, we can protect the environment and build a better future for both people and nature. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By listing facts. B．By giving examples. C．By answering questions. 2．What does the underlined word “effective” probably mean in Paragraph 1? A．Expensive. B．Simple. C．Useful. 3．Why do people grow special plants in the desert? A．To make the desert more beautiful. B．To prevent sandstorms and get economic benefits. C．To provide food for animals and make more money. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? (P= Paragraph) A． B． C． 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 【知识点】方法/策略、环境保护、说明文 【导语】本文介绍了塔克拉玛干沙漠的基本情况，并详细介绍了中国政府和人民为控制沙漠的扩张而所采用的一些科学且有效的方法。 1．推理判断题。根据“The Taklimakan Desert is the largest desert in China. It is about 337,600 square kilometers in the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang. The dry environment makes it difficult for life there. Sandstorms often happen,”可知，作者通过列举塔克拉玛干沙漠的面积、环境状况等事实来开篇。故选A。 2．词义猜测题。根据“However, the Chinese government and people have been making much effort to control the desert. Here are some of scientific and effective ways they have used.”可知，中国政府和人民一直在努力控制沙漠，文章介绍了一些科学有效的方法。因此“effective”表示“有效的”，与“useful”语义相近。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“For example, people grow special plants that can grow well with little water, like huyang, suosuo, shabang and so on. These plants hold the sand and reduce sandstorms. At the same time, they can also bring certain economic (经济的) benefits to local people.”可知，人们在沙漠中种植特殊的植物可以固定沙子并减少沙尘暴，并获得一定的经济效益。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。文章第一段引出中国政府和人民努力治理塔克拉玛干沙漠并提到一些科学有效的方法；第二、三、四段分别介绍了这些方法；第五段总结治理取得的成就。因此文章的结构是“总—分—总”。故选B。 【单词积累】 单词 音标 词性 中文 desert /ˈdezət/ n. 沙漠 square /skweə(r)/ adj. 平方的 sandstorm /ˈsændstɔːm/ n. 沙尘暴 influence /ˈɪnfluəns/ v. 影响 control /kənˈtrəʊl/ v. 控制 effective /ɪˈfektɪv/ adj. 有效的 spread /spred/ n. 蔓延 biological /ˌbaɪəˈlɒdʒɪkl/ adj. 生物的 reduce /rɪˈdjuːs/ v. 减少 solar /ˈsəʊlə(r)/ adj. 太阳的 【短语积累】 短语 中文 例句 make effort to do sth. 努力做某事 Scientists make effort to find new energy sources. by the end of 到…… 结束时 By the end of last year, she had learned 1000 English words. make full use of 充分利用 We should make full use of the library resources. 【长难句分析】 1.The dry environment makes it difficult for life there. 【译文】干燥的环境使那里的生命难以生存。 【分析】句子采用 “make + it + 形容词 + for sth. (to do)” 结构，其中 “it” 是形式宾语，真正的宾语是省略的不定式短语 “to survive”，“difficult” 作宾语补足语，用于说明宾语的性质。 【语法点】形式宾语 “it” 的用法及 “make + 宾语 + 宾补” 结构。 【例句】 ①The noise makes it hard for us to study.（噪音让我们很难学习。） ②This app makes it easy for students to practice English.（这个应用程序让学生练习英语变得容易。） 【中考考点】该句型是中考重点，常考查形式宾语 “it” 的使用及形容词作宾补的搭配，多见于语法填空和句型转换。 2.The belt lies as a strong wall against the spread of the desert. 【译文】这条林带像一堵坚固的墙一样阻挡着沙漠的蔓延。 【分析】句子为主系表结构，主语 “The belt”，系动词 “lies”，表语 “as a strong wall”（“as” 在此处意为 “像…… 一样”）；介词短语 “against the spread of the desert” 作状语，“against” 表示 “对抗、抵御”。 【语法点】介词 “as” 和 “against” 的词义及用法。 【例句】 ①The stars shine as bright lights in the sky.（星星像明亮的灯一样在天空中闪烁。） ②We need to take action against air pollution.（我们需要采取行动对抗空气污染。） 【中考考点】介词的词义辨析是中考完形填空和阅读理解的常考内容，“as” 和 “against” 在不同语境中的含义需重点掌握。 3.The success in the control of this desert shows: as long as we have a strong will and use scientific methods, we can protect the environment and build a better future for both people and nature. 【译文】治理这片沙漠的成功表明：只要我们有坚定的意志并运用科学方法，就能保护环境，为人类和自然创造更美好的未来。 【分析】主句是 “The success...shows”，“in the control of this desert” 作定语修饰 “success”；冒号后为宾语从句，其中 “as long as” 引导条件状语从句，主句包含 “can protect” 和 “(can) build” 两个并列谓语，体现动作的连贯性。 【语法点】“as long as” 引导条件状语从句（意为 “只要”）及并列谓语结构。 【例句】 ①As long as you keep trying, you will succeed.（只要你坚持尝试，就会成功。） ②They can sing songs and dance at the party.（他们可以在派对上唱歌和跳舞。） 【中考考点】“as long as” 引导的条件状语从句遵循 “主将从现” 原则，并列谓语的使用能使句子结构更简洁，是书面表达的加分点。 模拟演练 Passage 1 When Sammie Vance was eight, she learned about Buddy Benches from a video. The video showed how these benches (长凳) are used on playgrounds. “If somebody is lonely, they can sit on the bench then,” Sammie explained. “Another person can come up to them and ask them to play.” Sammie thought her school could have a Buddy Bench, so she and her mom set up a meeting with the headmaster. They learned of a local company, Green Tree Plastics, that recycles (回收利用) plastic bottles into benches. Sammie liked the idea of a Ruddy Bench that would help kids and the environment. Her headmaster liked it, too. Then Sammie created a comic (漫画) that showed how a Buddy Bench works. She and her mom posted it on the social media to ask friends and family to save bottles. They also took the drawing to local businesses to ask for their help. In just two months, the project collected more than 1,200 bottles—enough to make three Buddy Benches! After reaching her goal, Sammie set a new one—Buddy Bench everywhere. So far, she has collected enough bottles to give 100 benches to schools and organizations in 12 states. She continued to collect bottles to share with kids working toward their own Buddy Benches. And she has made videos to ask others to start their projects. 1．What did Sammie need so many bottles for? A．She wanted to create a comic. B．She wanted make her school beautiful. C．She wanted to have them recycled. D．She wanted to set up a new business. 2．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The comic. B．The company. C．The video. D．The idea. 3．What’s the right order of the story? a. She has given 100 benches. b. Sammie saw a video about Buddy Benches. c. They called on friends and family to collect bottles. d. She and her mother asked the headmaster for help. A．a—d—c—b B．b—d—c—a C．b—d—a—c D．a—b—c—d 4．Why does the writer list some numbers in the last paragraph? A．To show Sammie’s achievements (成就). B．To invite readers to join his project. C．To describe the problems Sammie was facing. D．To tell readers the numbers of benches in need. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 【知识点】志愿服务、环境保护、记叙文 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Sammie Vance通过回收塑料瓶制作Buddy Benches，帮助孤独的孩子并保护环境的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“They learned of a local company, Green Tree Plastics, that recycles (回收利用) plastic bottles into benches.”可知，Sammie需要这些瓶子是为了回收利用。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据第三段“Sammie liked the idea of a Buddy Bench that would help kids and the environment. Her headmaster liked it, too.”可知，Sammie喜欢Buddy Bench这个想法，它可以帮助孩子和环境，她的校长也很喜欢它。因此划线词“it”指的是“这个想法”。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第一段“When Sammie Vance was eight, she learned about Buddy Benches from a video.”，第二段“so she and her mom set up a meeting with the headmaster.”，第三段“She and her mom posted it on the social media to ask friends and family to save bottles.”和第四段“So far, she has collected enough bottles to give 100 benches to schools and organizations in 12 states.”可知，正确的顺序是：Sammie看到关于Buddy Benches的视频，对应b；她和母亲向校长寻求帮助，对应d，他们号召朋友和家人收集瓶子，对应c，她已经捐赠了100个长凳，对应a。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In just two months, the project collected more than 1,200 bottles—enough to make three Buddy Benches! ...So far, she has collected enough bottles to give 100 benches to schools and organizations in 12 states.”可知，在短短两个月的时间里，这个项目收集了1200多个瓶子——足够做三个巴迪长椅；到目前为止，她已经收集了足够的瓶子，为12个州的学校和组织提供了100个长椅。作者列出这些数字是为了展示Sammie的成就。故选A。 Passage 2 Everyone likes living in a clean environment. If the environment (环境) is bad, it will affect (影响) our body, and make us not feel well. Sometimes we may be terribly ill. At that time we don’t want to work, and we have to stay in bed and rest at home. So the envrionment is very important to us. It’s germs (细菌) that makes us ill. There are germs everywhere. They are very small and you can’t find them with your own eyes, but you can see them with a microscope (显微镜). They are very small and there may be hundreds of them on a very small thing, Germs can always be found in dirty water. When we look at dirty water under the microscope, we shall see them in it. Germs can also be found in air and dust (灰尘). If you cut your finger, some of the dust from the floor may go into it, and you will have much pain in it. Sometimes the germs will go into all of your boby, and you will have pain everywhere. To keep us healthy, we should try our best to make our environment become cleaner and tidier. This needs us to act together. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 1．The writer tell us that ________. A．we like working when we are ill B．germs can’t live in the water C．we feel well when the environment is good 2．Germs are ________. A．very small things that you can’t see with your eyes B．the things that don’t effect people C．the things that you can find with your eyes 3．Where can germs be found? They can be found ________. A．on the small thing B．in air and dust C．everywhere 4．How will you feel if germs go into the finger that is cut? A．I will feel nothing. B．I will feel painful. C．I won’t mind. 5．From the passage we know that ________. A．environment doesn’t affect our life B．we don’t need to improve our environment C．germs may make us ill 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 【知识点】疾病、环境保护、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了环境对健康的重要性，指出细菌无处不在且会使人生病，呼吁大家共同保持环境干净整洁以维持健康。 1．推理判断题。根据“If the environment (环境) is bad, it will affect (影响) our body, and make us not feel well.”可推知，环境好的时候我们会感觉舒服。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“They are very small and you can’t find them with your own eyes”可知，细菌是肉眼看不见的小东西。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“There are germs everywhere”可知，细菌到处都能被找到。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“If you cut your finger, some of the dust from the floor may go into it, and you will have much pain in it.”可知，如果细菌进入被割伤的手指，会感到疼痛。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据“It’s germs (细菌) that makes us ill.”可知，细菌可能会让我们生病。故选C。 Passage 3 根据文章内容，在空白处填写恰当的短语或句子。 The Siberian tiger, also called the Northeast Tiger in China, is one of the world’s most endangered animals. Fewer than 500 of these big cats remain in the wild. Siberian tigers are the largest tigers on Earth. A full-grown male (雄性) can reach 3.3 meters long and weigh up to 300 kilograms. Their fur (毛) is lighter than other tigers, and their stripes (条纹) are dark brown instead of black. Long ago, Siberian tigers lived across Northeast Asia and Russia’s Far East. Now, their main home is the forests between China and Russia. A small number could be in North Korea. Their number has dropped quickly because of hunting (猎杀) and environmental changes. When forests are cut down for cities or farms, tigers lose their homes and food. Thankfully, people are doing a lot of work to save them. China and Russia have created protected nature area and are working together to help the tigers. Thanks to these actions, their population is slowly growing. Many Siberian tigers also live in zoos. Scientists hope that one day these tigers will be able to return to the wild. However, this is challenging. Zoo tigers need to learn to look for food and live on their own. Another problem is space. One adult Siberian tiger needs up to 100 square kilometers of forest to live. Sadly, there’s not enough untouched forest left for many tigers. Now, conservation groups (保护组织) are joining the fight too. They tell people not to kill tigers or sell their body parts. They also study how to save the forests where tigers live. If you want to help, join them and make a difference! The Siberian tiger Introduction (介绍) Endangered animals; Fewer than 1 in the wild Characteristics 1. Size: 3.3m length, 300kg weight (males) 2. Color: Lighter fur, dark brown stripes (not black) 2 Forests between China and Russia; Small numbers in North Korea Why endangered 1. Hunting 2. Forests cut down (lose homes and food) Protection actions China & Russia create 3 . Zoos help raise tigers. What can you do to help 4 【答案】1．500 2．Living place/Their home 3．protected areas 4．Join conservation groups/Stop hunting/Save forests/Ask others to protect animals 【知识点】环境保护、说明文、濒危生物 【导语】本文主要介绍了东北虎的现状、特征、栖息地、濒危原因、保护措施及人们可提供的帮助。 1．根据“The Siberian tiger ... Fewer than 500 of these big cats remain in the wild.”可知，野生东北虎数量不足500只。故填500。 2．根据“Now, their main home is the forests between China and Russia. A small number could be in North Korea.”可知，这些内容介绍的是东北虎的栖息地，空处应填Living place/ Their home。故填Living place/Their home。 3．根据“China and Russia have created protected nature area...”可知，中俄两国建立了自然保护区，空处应填protected areas。故填protected areas。 4．根据“conservation groups ... They tell people not to kill tigers ... If you want to help, join them ...”可知，我们可以加入保护组织、停止猎杀、保护森林等。故填Join conservation groups/Stop hunting/Save forests/Ask others to protect animals Passage 4 Cutting the Grass A charity (慈善组织) in the UK is asking people not to cut down the grass in their garden. When spring arrives, many gardeners mow (修剪) their lawns. The activity is part of a project called “No Mow May”. It helps flowers grow wild and insects breed. The purpose of No Mow May is to keep the nature in balance. It is from the charity Plantlife. The charity is also asking people to count the types and number of wild flowers in their garden. Plantlife considers that leaving the grass uncut creates habitats (栖息地) which will help “bees, butterflies, wildlife and us”. Bees are a basic part of nature as they spread flowers. Cutting the grass means there are fewer flowers for bees and other insects to live on. A spokesperson for Plantlife said garden lawns have the possibilities to be “biodiversity hotspots”. Last year, the charity found over 250 kinds of plants on people’s lawns. These included wild strawberries and wild eggplants. Plantlife wants people to value wild lawns more. It said people would get a nice, colorful surprise if they did not cut their grass. One gardener spoke to the BBC about the joy of wild gardens. He said people care too much about having a clean garden and use too much compost. He believes not mowing the lawn lets people reconnect with the natural world. Plantlife agreed. It said a wild garden makes you have more fun instead of your own garden. 1．What is the purpose of No Mow May? 2．What does cutting the grass in your garden mean? 3．How many kinds of plants did the charity find on the lawns last year? 4．What would you get if you don’t cut the grass in your garden? 5．Do you agree that people should not cut down the grass in the gardens? Why or why not? 【答案】1．To keep the nature in balance. 2．Cutting the grass means there are fewer flowers for bees and other insects to live on. 3．Over 250 kinds. 4．People would get a nice, colorful surprise. 5．答案不唯一，合理即可。Yes, I agree. Because not cutting the grass can create habitats for bees, butterflies and other wildlife, help keep nature in balance, and let people reconnect with the natural world. 【知识点】环境保护、说明文 【导语】本文主要讲述了英国 “植物生命” 慈善组织发起 “五月不修剪” 项目，呼吁人们不修剪花园草坪，以维持生态平衡、促进生物多样性，并介绍了该项目的相关理念和意义。 1．根据“The purpose of No Mow May is to keep the nature in balance.”可知，No Mow May的目的是保持大自然平衡。故填To keep the nature in balance. 2．根据“Cutting the grass means there are fewer flowers for bees and other insects to live on.”可知，修剪草坪会导致可供蜜蜂和其他昆虫生存的花卉减少。故填Cutting the grass means there are fewer flowers for bees and other insects to live on. 3．根据“Last year, the charity found over 250 kinds of plants on people’s lawns”可知，在人们的草坪上发现了 250 多种植物。故填Over 250 kinds. 4．根据“It said people would get a nice, colorful surprise if they did not cut their grass.”可知，如果人们不修剪草坪，就会收获一份美丽又色彩斑斓的惊喜。故填People would get a nice, colorful surprise. 5．开放性问题，答案不唯一，合理即可。参考答案为：Yes, I agree. Because not cutting the grass can create habitats for bees, butterflies and other wildlife, help keep nature in balance, and let people reconnect with the natural world. Passage 5 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中的词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填在答题卡规定的位置。 I’m a sunflower. I come 1 a big field full of colorful flowers and green grass. Every day, I stand tall, facing 2 bright sun. One day, a young girl saw me and ran towards me 3 (cheerful). She gently touched my yellow petal (花瓣). “What a beautiful flower!” she said to 4 (she). This simple act of being admired filled my “heart” with joy. Farmers take good 5 (careful) of us. They often water us and make sure we have enough nutrients (营养物) from the soil. Sometimes, the weather becomes extremely hot, 6 they still come to look after us without hesitation. In return, we provide them with seeds. People can eat these seeds as a tasty snack or make oil from them. However, people are cutting down too many trees and it causes a lot of 7 (environment) problems. It makes me sad because it’s getting harder for me and my friends 8 (grow) well. Now, I 9 (wait) for people to realize the importance of protecting nature. We sunflowers are doing our part and 10 (human) should also protect nature so that we can all live in a more wonderful world. 【答案】 1．from 2．the 3．cheerfully 4．herself 5．care 6．but 7．environmental 8．to grow 9．am waiting 10．humans 【知识点】人与动植物、环境保护 【导语】本文以第一人称的视角，讲述了一朵向日葵的经历，包括它生长的环境、被小女孩欣赏、农民对它的照料，还提及人类砍伐树木引发环境问题影响其生长，最后呼吁人类重视保护自然，让万物共生于更美好的世界。 1．句意：我来自一片满是五颜六色花朵和绿草的大田地。根据“a big field full of...”可知，讲述向日葵的来源，考查动词短语come from“来自”，故填from。 2．句意：每天，我高高站立，面向明亮的太阳。sun“太阳”是世界上独一无二的事物，前面用定冠词the，故填the。 3．句意：一天，一个小女孩看到我，欢快地朝我跑来。修饰动词ran要用副词，cheerful“欢快的”是形容词，其副词形式cheerfully“欢快地”。故填cheerfully。 4．句意：“多美的花啊！”她对自己说。主语和宾语是同一对象，用反身代词，she的反身代词是herself，故填herself。 5．句意：农民们精心照料我们。考查固定短语take care of“照料”，careful的名词形式care“关心”符合语境。故填care。 6．句意：有时，天气变得极其炎热，但他们仍然毫不犹豫地来照料我们。前面说天气炎热，后面说仍来照料，是转折关系，用连词but“但是”。故填but。 7．句意：然而，人们砍伐太多树木，这引发了很多环境问题。修饰名词problems要用形容词，environment的形容词形式为environmental“环境的”。故填environmental。 8．句意：这让我难过，因为对我和我的朋友们来说，茁壮成长变得更难了。考查固定句型：it’s+形容词+for sb. to do sth.“对某人来说做某事是……的”，it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语。故填to grow。 9．句意：现在，我正在等待人们意识到保护自然的重要性。根据“Now”可知用现在进行时，其结构“am/is/are+现在分词”，主语I，be动词用am，wait的现在分词waiting。故填am waiting。 10．句意：我们向日葵正在尽自己的一份力，人类也应该保护自然，这样我们都能生活在一个更美好的世界里。这里指“人类”，常用复数形式“humans”。故填humans。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$