Unit 1 Look it up! 单元话题（探索百科）首字母填空进阶练15篇-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册重难点讲练全攻略（沪教版2024）

2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 1 Look it up! 单元话题（探索百科）首字母填空进阶练15篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练5篇 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 Thomas Edison was born in America in 1847. As we all know, Edison was a famous inventor. His most famous invention is the electric light bulb. H 1 , before he really invented it, he failed more than one thousand and five hundred times. N 2 knew when he would succeed, but he never gave up. Instead, he tried and tried. In order to save time, his b 3 and hands seldom rested. Finally when the light of a bulb lasted for 45 hours, he r 4 that he succeeded. It became one of the most p 5 tools in the world. That is a great gift for human beings. Hua Mulan was a legendary figure in a famous Chinese poem. When the war broke out, Mulan’s father was ordered to fight for his country. However, he was in bad h 1 . He was too old and too weak. Mulan was very worried, because she had no brother. So, she dressed up as a man and joined the army i 2 of her father. Under Mulan’s leadership, her army stopped the enemy soldiers outside the country over and over again. To reward her, the king gave her a big prize, but she refused because she only hoped to live a s 3 life with her family. When she returned to be a woman, her soldiers finally knew the truth. In 1998, Disney Company produced  a c 4 on Mulan’s story. When it hit the theatre, it a 5 millions of audience. 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。 Black Myth: Wukong is the first 3A video game made in China. After its release, it became a great success and won a lot of awards internationally. To be good at the game, players need to know the story. It’s an old Chinese tale called Journey to the West written by Wu Cheng’en a long time ago. When players learn about the story, they start to like the main c 1 Sun Wukong. He is a hero and he always fight a 2 bad guys. Whenever you are in n 3 , Wukong will come to help you out. Later, the success of the game carried the voice of China to the world. One way is that the language of this game is Chinese. To play the game better, people from other countries want to learn Chinese. After the game comes out, the foreign websites c 4 the name Monkey King into Sun Wukong. That means the acceptance (认同) of Chinese culture. The success of the game also brings chances to the cities in China, such as Datong and Hangzhou. Players throughout the world are getting r 5 to visit these places and know more about Chinese culture. 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。（每空限填一词） Tim Berners-Lee is not the most famous i 1 in the world. H 2 , his invention has greatly changed our lives. Tim Berners-Lee was born in London, England in 1955. When he was a small boy, he was interested in playing with electrical things. He studied science at Oxford University and made his first computer from an old television at the age of 21. Tim started working on early computers. He was really interested in two things, computers and how the human b 3 works. How could it connect so many facts so quickly while computers couldn’t? He worked hard to make it possible or computers to connect to each other and share information at a fast s 4 . In 1989, he invented the World Wide Web (www) all by himself. It allowed computers to “talk” to each other on the Internet. After that, the Internet grew quickly. Nowadays, people d 5 on it a lot. Tim Berners-Lee doesn’t think he did anything special. He says that all of the ideas about the Internet were already there. All he did was to put them together. He gave away the World Wide Web for nothing. What a great man he is! Today we are going to talk about three famous people in history. Albert Einstein was b 1 in Germany in 1879, and died in the US in 1955. He is considered to be one of the greatest s 2 of the 20th century. His theory explain the way the universe works. In many photographs, you can see his smiling face. William Shakespeare lived about 400 years ago. During his life, he wrote around 39 plays as well as hundreds of poems. He’s the most p 3 writer in the English language. People all over the world know him. His plays i 4 Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet and so on. Confucius lived over 2,000 years ago in China. He was a teacher and great politician. He is a w 5 man with a lot of knowledge. He spent much of his life traveling and meeting many different people. He is remembered for his wise saying. They were written down by his students. 进阶拓展训练5篇 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。 Alexander Graham Bell was an English inventor. He was b 1 in Scotland in 1847. He was a w 2 man with many ideas to make things. From an early age, he showed great intelligence and ability in science. As he grew older, he learnt to c 3 many different things, like the telephone, the phonograph (留声机) and the aircraft. Among them, the telephone is one of the most famous inventions. H 4 , he failed many times before its invention. With his hard work, the first practical telephone finally came out in 1876. It was a great success. Now millions of people across the world love it. It has become one of the most p 5 tools in the world. How did people count things before the i 1 of written numbers? At first, people used their fingers, and even their toes. H 2 , they could only count small numbers in this way. After that, they began to make small marks on sticks and bones. This helped them count bigger numbers. They used them to count things like the days of the month, the a 3 of food and the number of animals they had. Then people began to use tokens made from clay or small stones. This helped them count even bigger numbers. They often put the tokens on pieces of string so that they could c 4 them around easily. This developed into tools like the abacus. Finally, people began to develop systems of written marks to show different numbers, and this l 5 to the Hindu-Arabic system (0-9). We are still using this system today. 根据语篇意思以及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答题卡时, 要求写出完整单词。 Long long ago, there was a boy called Cao Chong. He was the youngest s 1 of Cao Cao. He was smart. Once, one of Cao Cao’s friends sent him a big elephant. Cao Cao was very g 2 to have this big elephant. He wanted to find out how heavy the big elephant was, but nobody could think of a good way e 3 Cao Chong. Cao Chong asked a man to take the elephant into a boat and then he marked a line where the water went up. After that, the man took the elephant out of the boat. Cao Chong asked other persons to put some stones into the boat i 4 of the elephant. When the water went up to the marked line, he told them to weigh all the stones. In the end, Cao Chong  s 5 in finding out how heavy the elephant was. All of Cao Cao’s friends spoke highly of Cao Chong. 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。 Every Saturday, Wang Weifang and his friends put on a special play in a small town near Xi’an. The audience can only hear them, but they cannot see them. That is because they are putting on a shadow play. Shadow puppets are made of h 1 leather. The leather is cut out in the s 2 of a person, an animal or an object. Each puppet is painted in b 3 colours and put on a stick. Some puppets have movable arms and legs. In the play, Wang stands behind a white screen with a light behind it. The audience sits in front of this screen. Wang and his friends h 4 the puppets close to the screen so that their shadows are clear. They m 5 the puppets around and do the character’s voices themselves. Shadow puppetry is an old Chinese art. But now, it isn’t as popular as before. But Wang and his friends want to keep this old art form alive. They believe it’s important to save these traditions for future generations to enjoy. 阅读下面短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母填空。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷上要求写出完整单词。 The performance of Yingge Dance on the CCTV Spring Festival Gala has made a deep i 1 on people across the country. This special traditional dance comes from Guangdong province. A 2 it is an ancient dance form, it is still popular today. The dancers wear colourful costumes and masks, and they dance to the beat of drums. Their strong and lively steps bring so much j 3 and fun to everyone who watches it. So it a 4 not only the old people but also the young ones who are curious about their culture. When you see Yingge Dance, it r 5 you of the rich culture and traditions of China. It’s like a bridge between the past and the present. 能力综合实践5篇 根据首字母提示完成短文填空。 People call Molly’s grandmother a “walking encyclopaedia” b 1 she knows so much. When she takes part in quizzes, she always w 2 . How can she know the a 3 to all the questions and never get anything wrong? The first secret is that she has the a 4 to remember everything she reads or hears. All the k 5 she gets from books or television programmes is stored inside her head. S 6 , she has had a long and colorful life. She has done many different things. When she left school, she became a nurse and learned a lot about h 7 and medicine. Then she married her husband. He was a s 8 who studied plants and animals. His job took them to different parts of the world, and she learned about many countries and their wildlife. Several years later, her sons were b 9 . They grew up and liked all kinds of sports, so from them, she learned the r 10 of many sports. 根据短文内容及首字母提示在所给横线上写出完整单词，并注意其形式。 What kind of stories do you love to read? What about science fiction (科幻小说) that describe imaginary events and people? Aliens and robots are c 1 characters in science fiction. Let’s take a look at one of the very first stories about science fiction. On January 1, 1818, a novel by English writer Mary Shelleys came out. In the story, a crazy scientist c 2 a monster (怪物) from dead body parts. The monster was 2.4 meters tail with yellow skin, watery eyes and a black mouth. The story was called Frankenstein, and is believed to be perhaps the first work of science fiction. Frankenstein was the name of the scientist. The monster he made up had f 3 like humans. He tried to find love from others, but his scary looks made people hate him. Driven mad by this cruelty (残忍), he grew to hate Frankenstein for creating him. He k 4 the scientist’s friends. Frankenstein then died. The m 5 idea of the story is that science can either save or kill us. 根据下列篇章意思及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时，要求写出完整的单词。（每空限填一词） Many of you should have heard of Tiangong Kaiwu. It is c 1 one of the greatest encyclopedias written in Chinese. But how much do you learn about its w 2 , Song Yingxing? Song was a great scientist during the late Ming dynasty. He and his brother went to school together. They were very successful in the provincial Imperial Exam (乡试). Later, Song and his brother took the national Imperial Exam (会试), but they both f 3 . Song worked as a teacher for many years. Meanwhile, he sat for the national Imperial Exam for another four times. But he was not l 4 enough to achieve any success. On his trips to the capital to take the e 5 , however, he learned about the different technologies and created Tiangong Kaiwu in the 1630s. 根据短文内容及首字母提示在所给横线上写出完整单词，并注意其形式。 The word “encyclopaedia” comes from Greek. It m 1 “general education”. An encyclopaedia is a k 2 of reference book (参考书) and there is the information from either all branches of knowledge or a special branch of knowledge. People b 3 to use it about 2,000 years ago. The oldest one is natural historian. It was written by Pliny the Elder. The modern encyclopaedias developed from dictionaries around the 17th century. Some encyclopaedias are made up of only one volume (册), but o 4 may have lots of volumes. There are also some online encyclopaedias, such as Wikipedia. They are often free for people l 5 for information. 根据下列语篇以及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答题卡时，要求写出完整单词，每空只写一词。 Long ago, the Greeks fought against the city of Troy for ten years. One day, the captain of Troy stood on the high wall. He said the Greeks had left and they won. But a soldier saw a h 1 wooden horse. The captain thought it was too big for the Greeks to take, so he asked soldiers to p 2 it into the city. At night in the main square, all the Trojans c 3 happily. They danced and sang around the horse, laughing at the Greeks. The captain said he hadn’t laughed like that since he was a child. After the party, they locked the city gates and went to sleep. By midnight, the square was e 4 except the horse. Then a secret door on the horse opened. It was full of Greek soldiers! They climbed out q 5 and opened the main gates. The Greek army entered the city. After ten years of trying to capture Troy by fighting, they finally succeeded with this clever trick. 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 5 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 1 Look it up! 单元话题（探索百科）首字母填空进阶练15篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练5篇 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 Thomas Edison was born in America in 1847. As we all know, Edison was a famous inventor. His most famous invention is the electric light bulb. H 1 , before he really invented it, he failed more than one thousand and five hundred times. N 2 knew when he would succeed, but he never gave up. Instead, he tried and tried. In order to save time, his b 3 and hands seldom rested. Finally when the light of a bulb lasted for 45 hours, he r 4 that he succeeded. It became one of the most p 5 tools in the world. That is a great gift for human beings. 【答案】1．(H)owever 2．(N)obody 3．(b)rain 4．(r)ealized 5．(p)ractical 【导语】本文讲述爱迪生如何经历无数次失败后发明出电灯泡的。 1．句意：然而，在他真的发明出它之前，他失败了超过一千五百次。根据“Edison was a famous inventor”和“he failed more than one thousand and five hundred times”可知，前后句构成转折关系。However是副词，常放句首用逗号隔开使用。故填(H)owever。 2．句意：没有人知道他什么时候会成功，但他从来没有放弃。此句缺少主语，根据“but he never gave up”可知，他的成功没有人知道会在什么时候，“Nobody”是代词，可以作主语，故填(N)obody。 3．句意：为了节省时间，他的大脑和手很少休息。根据“In order to save time”可知，需要不停地思考，大脑不能休息，故填(b)rain。 4．句意：最终当灯泡的光持续了45小时的时候，他意识到他成功了。根据上下文语境可知，此空缺少谓语动词，要用过去式，根据“when the light of a bulb lasted for 45 hours”可知，通过看到成功的结果，他才意识到自己成功，故填(r)ealized。 5．句意：它变成了世界上最实用的工具之一。根据常识和首字母提示可知，灯泡是实用的工具，故填(p)ractical。 Hua Mulan was a legendary figure in a famous Chinese poem. When the war broke out, Mulan’s father was ordered to fight for his country. However, he was in bad h 1 . He was too old and too weak. Mulan was very worried, because she had no brother. So, she dressed up as a man and joined the army i 2 of her father. Under Mulan’s leadership, her army stopped the enemy soldiers outside the country over and over again. To reward her, the king gave her a big prize, but she refused because she only hoped to live a s 3 life with her family. When she returned to be a woman, her soldiers finally knew the truth. In 1998, Disney Company produced  a c 4 on Mulan’s story. When it hit the theatre, it a 5 millions of audience. 【答案】1．(h)ealth 2．(i)nstead 3．(s)imple 4．(c)artoon 5．(a)ttracted 【导语】本文介绍花木兰替父从军的故事。 1．句意：然而，他的健康状况不佳。根据下文“He was too old and too weak.”他太老太弱了；可知此处指“花木兰的父亲健康状况不佳”；be in bad health“健康状况不佳”。故填(h)ealth。 2．句意：于是，她打扮成男人，代替父亲参军。根据上文“because she had no brother. So, she dressed up as a man”可知此处指“她没有兄弟，所以她打扮成男人代替父亲参军”；instead of“代替”。故填(i)nstead。 3．句意：为了奖励她，国王颁给了她一个大奖，但她拒绝了，因为她只希望和家人过简单的生活。上文“the king gave her a big prize,”国王给了她一个大奖；根据but表句意转折可知此处指“但她希望和家人过简单的生活”；simple“简单的”，形容词作定语。故填(s)imple。 4．句意：1448年，迪士尼公司制作了一部关于花木兰故事的动画片。根据上文“In 1448, Disney Company produced”可知，此处指“迪士尼公司制作了一部关于花木兰故事的动画片”；cartoon“动画片”，不定冠词后接名词单数形式。故填(c)artoon。 5．句意：当它在剧院上映时，吸引了数百万观众。根据“When it hit the theatre.”可知，此处指“当这部动画片上映时，吸引了数百万观众”；attract“吸引”，根据语法一致的原则，填过去式。故填(a)ttracted。 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。 Black Myth: Wukong is the first 3A video game made in China. After its release, it became a great success and won a lot of awards internationally. To be good at the game, players need to know the story. It’s an old Chinese tale called Journey to the West written by Wu Cheng’en a long time ago. When players learn about the story, they start to like the main c 1 Sun Wukong. He is a hero and he always fight a 2 bad guys. Whenever you are in n 3 , Wukong will come to help you out. Later, the success of the game carried the voice of China to the world. One way is that the language of this game is Chinese. To play the game better, people from other countries want to learn Chinese. After the game comes out, the foreign websites c 4 the name Monkey King into Sun Wukong. That means the acceptance (认同) of Chinese culture. The success of the game also brings chances to the cities in China, such as Datong and Hangzhou. Players throughout the world are getting r 5 to visit these places and know more about Chinese culture. 【答案】1．(c)haracter 2．(a)gainst 3．(n)eed 4．(c)hange 5．(r)eady 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国首款3A游戏《黑神话：悟空》大获成功，介绍了其基于的《西游记》故事，以及该游戏在传播中国文化等方面产生的积极影响。 1．句意：玩家们了解了这个故事后，他们开始喜欢上主角孙悟空。根据“Sun Wukong”并结合首字母提示可知，孙悟空是故事的主角，character“人物，角色”符合。故填(c)haracter。 2．句意：他是一个英雄，他总是和坏人作斗争。fight against…“与……作斗争”，是固定搭配。故填(a)gainst。 3．句意：无论何时你需要帮助，悟空都会来帮助你。根据“Wukong will come to help you out”并结合首字母提示可知，提供帮助，应是遇到困难，in need“困难中的”，是固定搭配。故填(n)eed。 4．句意：游戏出来后，国外网站把美猴王改名为孙悟空。根据“the name Monkey King into Sun Wukong”并结合首字母提示可知，此处指改变名字，change“改变”符合，句子时态为一般现在时，主语为“the foreign websites”，用动词原形。故填(c)hange。 5．句意：世界各地的玩家都准备参观这些地方，了解更多中国文化。get ready to do sth.“准备好做某事”，是固定搭配。故填(r)eady。 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。（每空限填一词） Tim Berners-Lee is not the most famous i 1 in the world. H 2 , his invention has greatly changed our lives. Tim Berners-Lee was born in London, England in 1955. When he was a small boy, he was interested in playing with electrical things. He studied science at Oxford University and made his first computer from an old television at the age of 21. Tim started working on early computers. He was really interested in two things, computers and how the human b 3 works. How could it connect so many facts so quickly while computers couldn’t? He worked hard to make it possible or computers to connect to each other and share information at a fast s 4 . In 1989, he invented the World Wide Web (www) all by himself. It allowed computers to “talk” to each other on the Internet. After that, the Internet grew quickly. Nowadays, people d 5 on it a lot. Tim Berners-Lee doesn’t think he did anything special. He says that all of the ideas about the Internet were already there. All he did was to put them together. He gave away the World Wide Web for nothing. What a great man he is! 【答案】1．(i)nventor 2．(H)owever 3．(b)rain 4．(s)peed 5．(d)epend 【导语】本文主要讲了Tim Berners-Lee发明了互联网，从此改变了人们的生活的故事。 1．句意：Tim Berners-Lee并不是世界上最著名的发明家。根据后文“his invention has greatly changed our lives”中的“invention”可知，这里说的是他并不是世界上最著名的发明家，inventor“发明家”，此处填名词单数形式。故填(i)nventor。 2．句意：然而，他的发明极大地改变了我们的生活。根据“Tim Berners-Lee is not the most famous……in the world”和“his invention has greatly changed our lives.”前后句子的逻辑关系可知，此处是转折，空后面有标点，因此填however。故填(H)owever。 3．句意：他对两样东西很感兴趣，计算机和人脑的工作原理。根据“How could it connect so many facts so quickly while computers couldn’t?”可知，他对计算机和人脑是如何工作感兴趣，brain“人脑”，此处填名词单数。故填(b)rain。 4．句意：他努力工作，使计算机能够相互连接并以快速的速度分享信息。根据语境可知，他让计算机能够相互连接并以快速的速度分享信息，speed“速度”，是不可数名词。故填(s)peed。 5．句意：现在，人们很依赖它。根据前文“After that, the Internet grew quickly.”可知代词it指的是电脑，所以人们依赖电脑，并且根据提示“on”可知，此句应该是depend on。故填(d)epend。 Today we are going to talk about three famous people in history. Albert Einstein was b 1 in Germany in 1879, and died in the US in 1955. He is considered to be one of the greatest s 2 of the 20th century. His theory explain the way the universe works. In many photographs, you can see his smiling face. William Shakespeare lived about 400 years ago. During his life, he wrote around 39 plays as well as hundreds of poems. He’s the most p 3 writer in the English language. People all over the world know him. His plays i 4 Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet and so on. Confucius lived over 2,000 years ago in China. He was a teacher and great politician. He is a w 5 man with a lot of knowledge. He spent much of his life traveling and meeting many different people. He is remembered for his wise saying. They were written down by his students. 【答案】1．(b)orn 2．(s)cientists 3．(p)opular 4．(i)ncluded 5．(w)ise 【导语】本文主要介绍了历史上的三位名人。 1．句意：阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦于1879 年出生于德国，1955 年在美国去世。根据“and died in the US in 1955”及首字母提示可知，这里指爱因斯坦于1879 年出生于德国，be born意为“出生”，故填(b)orn。 2．句意：他被认为是20世纪最伟大的科学家之一。根据“one of the greatest...of the 20th century”及首字母提示可知，这里指最伟大的科学家之一，scientist意为“科学家”，“one of+the+最高级+名词复数”意为“最……之一”，故填(s)cientists。 3．句意：他是英语界最受欢迎的作家，全世界的人都知道他。根据“the most...writer in the English language”及首字母提示可知，这里指最受欢迎的作家，popular意为“受欢迎的”，故填(p)opular。 4．句意：他的剧作有《罗密欧与朱丽叶》、《哈姆雷特》等。根据“His plays...Romeo and Juliet , Hamlet and so on.”及首字母提示可知，这里指他的剧作有《罗密欧与朱丽叶》等，include意为“包括”，该句为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，故填(i)ncluded。 5．句意：他是一位知识渊博的聪明人。根据“a...man with a lot of knowledge”及首字母提示可知，这里指一位知识渊博的聪明人，wise意为“聪明的”，故填(w)ise。 进阶拓展训练5篇 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。 Alexander Graham Bell was an English inventor. He was b 1 in Scotland in 1847. He was a w 2 man with many ideas to make things. From an early age, he showed great intelligence and ability in science. As he grew older, he learnt to c 3 many different things, like the telephone, the phonograph (留声机) and the aircraft. Among them, the telephone is one of the most famous inventions. H 4 , he failed many times before its invention. With his hard work, the first practical telephone finally came out in 1876. It was a great success. Now millions of people across the world love it. It has become one of the most p 5 tools in the world. 【答案】1．(b)orn 2．(w)ise 3．(c)reate 4．(H)owever 5．(p)opular 【导语】本文介绍了英国发明家亚历山大·格拉汉姆·贝尔的生平事迹和主要发明，特别是他的电话发明对世界产生的深远影响。 1．句意：他1847年出生于苏格兰。根据空后“in Scotland in 1847.”可知，该空表达意思为“出生”，结合首字母应填“born”。故填(b)orn。 2．句意：他是一个很聪明的人，有很多想法来制造东西。根据后一句“From an early age, he showed great intelligence and ability in science.”可知，他从小就表现出很高的智力和科学能力，所以他很聪明，wise“聪明的”。故填(w)ise。 3．句意：随着他逐渐长大，他学会了创造许多不同的东西，比如电话、留声机和飞机。根据空后“many different things, like the telephone, the phonograph and the aircraft.”结合首字母可知，应是他学会创造很多不同的东西，create“创造”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填(c)reate。 4．句意：然而，在发明它之前，他失败了很多次。根据前句以及后句句意可知，前后句句意相反，连接前后两个转折关系的句子用“However”。故填(H)owever。 5．句意：它已经成为世界上最受欢迎的工具之一。根据前句“Now millions of people across the world love it.”可知它已经成为世界上最受欢迎的工具之一，结合首字母应填“popular”。故填(p)opular。 How did people count things before the i 1 of written numbers? At first, people used their fingers, and even their toes. H 2 , they could only count small numbers in this way. After that, they began to make small marks on sticks and bones. This helped them count bigger numbers. They used them to count things like the days of the month, the a 3 of food and the number of animals they had. Then people began to use tokens made from clay or small stones. This helped them count even bigger numbers. They often put the tokens on pieces of string so that they could c 4 them around easily. This developed into tools like the abacus. Finally, people began to develop systems of written marks to show different numbers, and this l 5 to the Hindu-Arabic system (0-9). We are still using this system today. 【答案】1．(i)nvention 2．(H)owever 3．(a)mount 4．(c)arry 5．(l)ed 【导语】本文主要介绍了数字的发明过程。在没有数字之前，人们用手指连同脚趾数数，后用棍棒和骨头制作一些小物件来计数，接着用粘土或小石块做成小物件计数，后来人们为了方便携带把它们穿成串儿，从而发展成了算盘，最后人们开始扩展文字系统，产生了阿拉伯数字。 1．句意：在书写数字发明之前，人们是怎么数东西的呢？根据“How did people count things before the ... of written numbers?”及首字母提示可知，此处是指书写数字发明之前，the后跟名词，invention“发明”。故填(i)nvention。 2．句意：但是，他们只能用这种方法数很小的数字。根据“At first, people used their fingers, and even their toes.”和“they could only count small numbers in this way.”可知，前后是转折关系，由首字母提示可知，however“但是”，表转折。故填(H)owever。 3．句意：他们使用它们来数像每月的天数，食物的数量和他们拥有的动物的数量。根据“the days of the month, the ... of food and the number of animals they had.”可知，此处表示数量，the amount of“……的数量”。故填(a)mount。 4．句意：他们经常把这些记号穿在细绳上，以便他们能容易地四处携带它们。根据“They often put the tokens on pieces of string so that they could ... them around easily.”可知，他们把这些记号穿在绳子上是为了方便携带，carry“携带”，情态动词could后跟原形。故填(c)arry。 5．句意：最后，人们开始发展书写符号系统来表示不同的数字，这导致了阿拉伯数字系统（0—9）的出现。根据“people began to develop systems of written marks to show different numbers”可知，由于书写系统的发展，导致了阿拉伯数字系统的出现，lead to“导致，引起”，本句时态为一般过去时。故填(l)ed。 根据语篇意思以及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答题卡时, 要求写出完整单词。 Long long ago, there was a boy called Cao Chong. He was the youngest s 1 of Cao Cao. He was smart. Once, one of Cao Cao’s friends sent him a big elephant. Cao Cao was very g 2 to have this big elephant. He wanted to find out how heavy the big elephant was, but nobody could think of a good way e 3 Cao Chong. Cao Chong asked a man to take the elephant into a boat and then he marked a line where the water went up. After that, the man took the elephant out of the boat. Cao Chong asked other persons to put some stones into the boat i 4 of the elephant. When the water went up to the marked line, he told them to weigh all the stones. In the end, Cao Chong  s 5 in finding out how heavy the elephant was. All of Cao Cao’s friends spoke highly of Cao Chong. 【答案】1．(s)on 2．(g)lad 3．(e)xcept 4．(i)nstead 5．(s)ucceeded 【导语】本文讲了历史上著名的故事“曹冲称象”。 1．句意：他是曹操最小的儿子。根据首字母s和常识，可知曹冲是曹操的小儿子，son“儿子”，此处用名词单数。故填(s)on。 2．句意：有了这头大象，曹操非常高兴。空处应为形容词作表语，结合首字母g和语境可知这里应是glad表示“开心的”。故填(g)lad。 3．句意：他想知道大象有多重，但是除了曹冲，没有人能想出一个好办法。根据“nobody could think of a good way（没有人能想出一个好办法）”可知，曹冲称出了大象的重量，应是排除在外的，因此空处应为except, 表示“除了”。故填(e)xcept。 4．句意：曹冲让其他人把一些石头放在船上代替大象。结合首字母i和语境可知朝船里放一些石头的目的是为了代替大象，因此空处应为instead；短语instead of表示“代替”，后跟名词。故填(i)nstead。 5．句意：最后，曹冲成功地找出了大象的重量。结合首字母s和语境可知曹冲称出大象的重量。因此空处应为succeed。在句中作谓语。短语succeed in doing sth.表示“成功做某事”；句子为一般过去时，因此空处应为过去式。故填(s)ucceeded。 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。 Every Saturday, Wang Weifang and his friends put on a special play in a small town near Xi’an. The audience can only hear them, but they cannot see them. That is because they are putting on a shadow play. Shadow puppets are made of h 1 leather. The leather is cut out in the s 2 of a person, an animal or an object. Each puppet is painted in b 3 colours and put on a stick. Some puppets have movable arms and legs. In the play, Wang stands behind a white screen with a light behind it. The audience sits in front of this screen. Wang and his friends h 4 the puppets close to the screen so that their shadows are clear. They m 5 the puppets around and do the character’s voices themselves. Shadow puppetry is an old Chinese art. But now, it isn’t as popular as before. But Wang and his friends want to keep this old art form alive. They believe it’s important to save these traditions for future generations to enjoy. 【答案】1．(h)ard 2．(s)hape 3．(b)right 4．(h)old 5．(m)ove 【导语】本文主要介绍了一种古老的中国艺术形式——皮影戏。 1．句意：皮影是用硬皮做的。根据“leather”以及首字母提示，hard“硬的”符合语境，作定语。故填(h)ard。 2．句意：皮革被切割成人、动物或物体的形状。根据“of a person, an animal or an object.”以及首字母，可知此处指的是形状，固定短语in the shape of“以……的形状”。故填(s)hape。 3．句意：每个皮偶都涂上鲜艳的颜色，放在一根棍子上。根据首字母以及“colours and put on a stick.”可知，是指鲜艳的颜色。bright“鲜艳的”，形容词作定语修饰名词“colours”。故填(b)right。 4．句意：王和他的朋友们把皮偶靠近屏幕，这样他们的影子就清晰了。根据“so that their shadows are clear”以及首字母可知，是拿着皮偶靠近幕布。hold“拿着”符合语境，主语“Wang and his friends”是复数，再根据前句“sits”可知，该句是一般现在时，动词填原形。故填(h)old。 5．句意：他们移动皮偶，自己为角色配音。根据“the puppets around and do the character’s voices themselves.”以及首字母，可知，是指移动皮偶，move“移动”符合语境，主语“They”是复数，再根据“do”可知，该句是一般现在时，动词填原形。故填(m)ove。 阅读下面短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母填空。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷上要求写出完整单词。 The performance of Yingge Dance on the CCTV Spring Festival Gala has made a deep i 1 on people across the country. This special traditional dance comes from Guangdong province. A 2 it is an ancient dance form, it is still popular today. The dancers wear colourful costumes and masks, and they dance to the beat of drums. Their strong and lively steps bring so much j 3 and fun to everyone who watches it. So it a 4 not only the old people but also the young ones who are curious about their culture. When you see Yingge Dance, it r 5 you of the rich culture and traditions of China. It’s like a bridge between the past and the present. 【答案】1．(i)mpression 2．(A)lthough 3．(j)oy 4．(a)ttracts 5．(r)eminds 【导语】本文围绕英歌舞登上春晚展开，介绍了英歌舞及其文化意义。 1．句意：英歌舞在央视春节联欢晚会上的表演，给全国人民留下了深刻印象。make a deep impression on...是固定短语，意为“给…… 留下深刻印象”，结合语境，英歌舞表演给全国人民留深刻印象，故填(i)mpression。 2．句意：尽管它是一种古老的舞蹈形式，但至今仍广受欢迎。根据“it is still popular today”可知，上文提到它是古老的舞蹈形式，下文说至今仍广受欢迎，两个分句之间是让步关系，结合首字母提示，although“尽管”，符合语境，引导让步状语从句。故填(A)lthough。 3．句意：他们刚劲活泼的舞步，给所有观看者带来诸多欢乐与乐趣。根据“and fun to everyone”可知，此处指舞蹈带给大家的感觉，结合首字母提示，joy“欢乐”，符合语境。故填(j)oy。 4．句意：所以，它不仅吸引了老年人，也吸引了对其文化充满好奇的年轻人 。根据“the old people but also the young ones”可知，此处指英歌舞吸引了老年人和年轻人，结合首字母提示，attract“吸引”，符合语境，主语it指代英歌舞，是第三人称单数，结合上下文可知，时态为一般现在时，动词用单三。故填(a)ttracts。 5．句意：当你看到英歌舞时，它会让你想起中国丰富的文化与传统。remind sb. of sth.是固定短语，意为“使某人想起某事”，主语it是第三人称单数，一般现在时中动词用单三。故填(r)eminds。 能力综合实践5篇 根据首字母提示完成短文填空。 People call Molly’s grandmother a “walking encyclopaedia” b 1 she knows so much. When she takes part in quizzes, she always w 2 . How can she know the a 3 to all the questions and never get anything wrong? The first secret is that she has the a 4 to remember everything she reads or hears. All the k 5 she gets from books or television programmes is stored inside her head. S 6 , she has had a long and colorful life. She has done many different things. When she left school, she became a nurse and learned a lot about h 7 and medicine. Then she married her husband. He was a s 8 who studied plants and animals. His job took them to different parts of the world, and she learned about many countries and their wildlife. Several years later, her sons were b 9 . They grew up and liked all kinds of sports, so from them, she learned the r 10 of many sports. 【答案】 1．(b)ecause 2．(w)ins 3．(a)nswers 4．(a)bility 5．(k)nowledge 6．(S)econd 7．(h)ealth 8．(s)cientist 9．(b)orn 10．(r)ules 【导语】本文主要讲述了莫利的祖母被称为“活百科全书”，解释了她参加智力测验总会赢的秘诀。 1．句意：人们称莫利的祖母为“活百科全书”，因为她知道得太多了。根据“”可知，空格后是解释前文称她祖母为“活百科全书”的原因，用because引导原因状语从句，故填(b)ecause。 2．句意：每当她参加智力测验时，她总是赢。根据“never get anything wrong”及首字母可知，参加这些测试总是赢，win“赢”，根据always可知，此句是一般现在时，主语she是第三人称单数形式，动词用三单，故填(w)ins。 3．句意：她怎么能知道所有问题的答案而从不出错呢？根据“ she always wins”及“know the … to all the questions”可知，知道所有问题的答案，answer“答案”，根据“all the questions”可知，此空应填复数形式，故填(a)nswers。 4．句意：第一个秘诀是她有能力记住她读到或听到的一切。根据“has the … to remember everything she reads or hears”及首字母可知，有能力记住她读到或听到的一切，has the ability to do sth“有做某事的能力”，故填(a)bility。 5．句意：她从书本或电视节目中学到的知识都储存在她的脑子里。根据“she gets from books or television programmes”及首字母可知，从书本或电视节目中学到的知识，knowledge“知识”，不可数名词，故填(k)nowledge。 6．句意：其次，她有一个漫长而丰富多彩的生活。根据“The first secret”可知，此处介绍第二点，故填(S)econd。 7．句意：离开学校后，她成为了一名护士，学到了很多关于健康和医学的知识。根据“learned a lot about … and medicine.”及首字母可知，学了很多有关健康和医学方面的知识，health“健康”，不可数名词，故填(h)ealth。 8．句意：他是一位研究植物和动物的科学家。根据“who studied plants and animals”及首字母可知，研究植物和动物是一名科学家，scientist“科学家”，a修饰名词的单数形式，故填(s)cientist。 9．句意：几年后，她的两个儿子出生了。根据“her sons were”及首字母可知，儿子出生了，be born“出生”，故填(b)orn。 10．句意：他们长大了，喜欢各种各样的运动，所以从他们那里，她学会了许多运动的规则。根据“she learned the … of many sports”及首字母可知，学会了许多运动的规则，rule“规则”，根据many sports可知，此空应填名词复数形式，故填(r)ules。 根据短文内容及首字母提示在所给横线上写出完整单词，并注意其形式。 What kind of stories do you love to read? What about science fiction (科幻小说) that describe imaginary events and people? Aliens and robots are c 1 characters in science fiction. Let’s take a look at one of the very first stories about science fiction. On January 1, 1818, a novel by English writer Mary Shelleys came out. In the story, a crazy scientist c 2 a monster (怪物) from dead body parts. The monster was 2.4 meters tail with yellow skin, watery eyes and a black mouth. The story was called Frankenstein, and is believed to be perhaps the first work of science fiction. Frankenstein was the name of the scientist. The monster he made up had f 3 like humans. He tried to find love from others, but his scary looks made people hate him. Driven mad by this cruelty (残忍), he grew to hate Frankenstein for creating him. He k 4 the scientist’s friends. Frankenstein then died. The m 5 idea of the story is that science can either save or kill us. 【答案】1．(c)ommon 2．(c)reated 3．(f)eelings 4．(k)illed 5．(m)ain 【导语】本文介绍了最早的科幻故事之一《弗兰肯斯坦》，它被认为可能是第一部科幻小说。 1．句意：外星人和机器人是科幻小说中常见的角色。根据“Aliens and robots”及常识可知，外星人和机器人在科幻小说中很常见，结合首字母可知用common表示“常见的”，形容词在句中作定语。故填(c)ommon。 2．句意：在这个故事中，一个疯狂的科学家用尸体的部分创造了一个怪物。根据“a monster from dead body parts”可知，怪物从无到有，是科学家创造的；结合首字母可知用create表示“创造”；根据“The monster was 2.4 meters tall.”可知，用一般过去时介绍这个故事，create的过去式是created。故填(c)reated。 3．句意：他创造的怪物和人类一样有感情。根据“He tried to find love from others”可知，怪物想要寻求爱，由此推出和人类一样有感情；结合首字母可知用feelings表示“情感”，此处表示复数含义。故填(f)eelings。 4．句意：他杀死了这个科学家的朋友。根据“science can either save or kill us”及首字母可知，推断此处讲述了科学家的朋友们，用一般过去时讲述故事；kill的过去式是killed。故填(k)illed。 5．句意：这个故事的主要思想是科学可以拯救我们，也可以杀死我们。上文小说中的故事说明了科学可以拯救我们，也可以杀死我们，由此可知此处指故事的主要观点；结合首字母可知用main表示“主要的”。故填(m)ain。 根据下列篇章意思及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时，要求写出完整的单词。（每空限填一词） Many of you should have heard of Tiangong Kaiwu. It is c 1 one of the greatest encyclopedias written in Chinese. But how much do you learn about its w 2 , Song Yingxing? Song was a great scientist during the late Ming dynasty. He and his brother went to school together. They were very successful in the provincial Imperial Exam (乡试). Later, Song and his brother took the national Imperial Exam (会试), but they both f 3 . Song worked as a teacher for many years. Meanwhile, he sat for the national Imperial Exam for another four times. But he was not l 4 enough to achieve any success. On his trips to the capital to take the e 5 , however, he learned about the different technologies and created Tiangong Kaiwu in the 1630s. 【答案】1．(c)onsidered 2．(w)riter 3．(f)ailed 4．(l)ucky 5．(e)xams 【导语】本文主要介绍了《天工开物》的作者——宋应星的生平。 1．句意：它被认为是最伟大的中文百科全书之一。根据“one of the greatest encyclopedias written in Chinese”可知它被认为是最伟大的中文百科全书之一，be considered“被认为”，被动语态，故填(c)onsidered。 2．句意：但你对它的作者宋应星了解多少呢？根据“Song Yingxing”可知是指它的作者，writer“作者”，此空用单数，指代宋应星。故填(w)riter。 3．句意：后来，宋和他的兄弟参加了国家会试，但他们都没有通过。根据but可知表转折，即没有通过，fail“失败”，此处动作发生在过去，用过去式。故填(f)ailed。 4．句意：但他并没有足够幸运取得任何成功。根据“to achieve any success”可知指没有足够幸运取得任何成功，lucky“幸运的”，符合语境，故填(l)ucky。 5．句意：然而，在他前往首都参加考试的途中，他了解了不同的技术，并在17世纪30年代创作了《天工开物》。根据“On his trips to the capital to”可知指前往首都参加考试的途中，take the exams“参加考试”，exams用复数形式表示泛指，故填(e)xams。 根据短文内容及首字母提示在所给横线上写出完整单词，并注意其形式。 The word “encyclopaedia” comes from Greek. It m 1 “general education”. An encyclopaedia is a k 2 of reference book (参考书) and there is the information from either all branches of knowledge or a special branch of knowledge. People b 3 to use it about 2,000 years ago. The oldest one is natural historian. It was written by Pliny the Elder. The modern encyclopaedias developed from dictionaries around the 17th century. Some encyclopaedias are made up of only one volume (册), but o 4 may have lots of volumes. There are also some online encyclopaedias, such as Wikipedia. They are often free for people l 5 for information. 【答案】1．(m)eans 2．(k)ind 3．(b)egan 4．(o)thers 5．(l)ooking 【导语】本文介绍了“百科全书”的出处、作者以及内容。 1．句意：它意味着“通识教育”。根据首字母提示及“ ‘general education’ ”可知，空处指“意味着”，其英文为mean，主语It为第三人称单数，谓语动词用单三形式。故填(m)eans。 2．句意：百科全书是一种参考书，既有来自所有知识分支的信息，也有来自某一特殊知识分支的信息。a kind of表示“一种……”，为固定短语。故填(k)ind。 3．句意：大概2000年前人们开始用它。根据首字母提示及“to use it about...”可知，空处指“开始”，其英文为begin；再根据“about 2,000 years ago”可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词需用过去式，即begin的过去式began。故填(b)egan。 4．句意：一些百科全书仅由一册组成，但其他的一些有很多册。Some...others...为固定搭配，表示“一些……，其他的……”，Others是other的复数形式，泛指“另外几个，其余的”。故填(o)thers。 5．句意：他们对寻求信息的人来说是免费的。根据首字母提示及“for people...for information”可知，空处指“寻找”，其英文为look for，本句中第一个for为介词，其后跟动名词。故填(l)ooking。 根据下列语篇以及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答题卡时，要求写出完整单词，每空只写一词。 Long ago, the Greeks fought against the city of Troy for ten years. One day, the captain of Troy stood on the high wall. He said the Greeks had left and they won. But a soldier saw a h 1 wooden horse. The captain thought it was too big for the Greeks to take, so he asked soldiers to p 2 it into the city. At night in the main square, all the Trojans c 3 happily. They danced and sang around the horse, laughing at the Greeks. The captain said he hadn’t laughed like that since he was a child. After the party, they locked the city gates and went to sleep. By midnight, the square was e 4 except the horse. Then a secret door on the horse opened. It was full of Greek soldiers! They climbed out q 5 and opened the main gates. The Greek army entered the city. After ten years of trying to capture Troy by fighting, they finally succeeded with this clever trick. 【答案】1．(h)uge 2．(p)ull 3．(c)elebrated 4．(e)mpty 5．(q)uietly 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了古希腊与特洛伊城之间的一场历史战争及其中的一个著名事件——木马计。 1．句意：但是一名士兵看到了一匹巨大的木马。根据下文“The captain thought it was too big for the Greeks to take…”和首字母“h”提示可知，此处是指这匹木马很大；考查huge“巨大的”，形容词，在句中作定语，修饰名词短语“wooden horse”。故填(h)uge。 2．句意：首领认为这匹马太大了，希腊人带不走，所以他让士兵们把它拉进城里。根据上文“it was too big”和首字母“p”提示可知，首领认为木马太大了，需要多人合力才能把它拉进城门；考查pull“拉”，动词；空前有动词不定式符号to，这里应用动词原形。故填(p)ull。 3．句意：晚上，在主广场上，所有的特洛伊人都开心地庆祝着。根据第一段“He said the Greeks had left and they won.”可知，希腊人离开了，特洛伊人认为自己获胜了，所以此处是指他们晚上在广场开心地庆祝胜利；考查celebrate“庆祝”，动词；根据语境可知，句子时态应用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式celebrated。故填(c)elebrated。 4．句意：到了午夜，除了那匹木马，广场空无一人。根据下文“except the horse”和首字母“e”提示可知，此处是指所有人都去睡觉了，广场空了；考查empty“空的”，形容词，在句中作表语。故填(e)mpty。 5．句意：他们悄悄地爬了出来，然后打开了主城门。根据句意和首字母“q”提示可知，希腊士兵从木马里出来，为了不被发现，应该是悄悄地；考查quietly“悄悄地”，副词，在句中修饰动词“climbed”，作状语。故填(q)uietly。 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$